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Duncan Sandys

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2474: 1251:. This took place in Paris on 20 July 1947 where ELEC, the UEM, the EPU and the EUF agreed to establish the Committee for the Co-ordination of the International Movements for European Unity. The EPU did not however subsequently ratify its participation in the committee but the Nouvelles Equipes Internationales agreed to join. In December 1947, the committee was renamed the International Committee of the Movements for European Unity and Sandys was elected its chairman and Retinger its Honorary Secretary. 2436: 799: 2785: 781: 49: 1122: 1328:, later combining it with the Colonies Office, until the Conservative government lost power in 1964. In this role he was responsible for granting several colonies their independence and was involved in managing the British response to several conflicts involving the armed forces of the newly independent countries of East Africa. 1684:
LONDON, Jan. 13. Mrs. Mildred Helen Sandys, who is a daughter of the late Mr. Duncan Cameron, of Springfield, Canterbury, New Zealand, has obtained a decree divorce against her husband, Mr. George John Sandys, who was member of the House of Commons for the Wells division of Somerset from 1910 to 1918
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in 1946, approached Sandys, then Honorary Secretary of the UEM, to discuss ways the League and the United Europe Movement might cooperate on questions relating to European integration. They decided to call a small conference of existing organisations working for European unity - the European League
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tank engine in WWII was surprised and pleased when in 1963 Sandys said "I regard the adoption of the Meteor tank engine as the absolute turning-point in the history of British tank development", at the opening of a Rolls-Royce aero engine factory at East Kilbride (aero engines being Rolls-Royce's
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technology. Though later ministers reversed the policy, the lost orders and cuts in research were responsible for several British aircraft manufacturers going out of business. As Minister of Defence he saw the rationalisation (merger) of much of the British military aircraft and engine industry.
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in Britain in 1947 following a speech of his father-in-law, Winston Churchill, in Zurich on 19 September 1946 when Churchill had called for the "European family" to be recreated and provided with "a structure under which it can dwell in peace, in safety and in freedom".
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In May 1935, he was in effect saying that Germany should have a predominant place in central Europe, so that Britain could be free to pursue her colonial interests without rival. He was a prewar member of the
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of which he became chairman. He was therefore caught up in the scandal in which Lonrho was revealed to have bribed several African countries and broken international sanctions against
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https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/KCC19361105.2.9?end_date=01-12-1936&items_per_page=10&page=3&query=Norwood&snippet=true&start_date=01-11-1936
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on the ground of the respondent's misconduct. Mr. Sandys served with the Guards in the South African and European wars. He was married in 1905, and has one son.
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from 7–11 May 1948 with 750 delegates from across Europe. Following the Congress, the International Committee was transformed into the European Movement.
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Member of Parliament (1910–1918), and Mildred Helen Cameron. Sandys' parents divorced in January 1921 when he was 12 years old. His mother married
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It has long been speculated that he may have been the 'headless man' whose identity was concealed during the scandalous divorce trial of
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which held that the disclosures of Parliament were not subject to the legislation, though an MP could be disciplined by the House. The
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who had been in the Ministry as "Chief Engineer of Tank Design" wrote that he was knowledgeable on army matters. Robotham of
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that reflected his TA experience. He was subsequently approached by two unidentified men, presumably representing the
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from 1941 to 1944 during the wartime coalition government. Sandys had been wartime Parliamentary Secretary to the
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In November 1936 Sandys put forward to the β€œ1912 Club” a β€œfanciful vision” of England in 1950 (including
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Sandys died on 26 November 1987 at his home in London. He is buried in the churchyard of St Nicholas in
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13 July 1962 – 16 October 1964, Secretary of State for the Colonies and Commonwealth Relations
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The Hon. Celia Sandys (born 18 May 1943). She married firstly Michael Kennedy and secondly
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Ludlow, N. Piers (2004). "Sandys, (Edwin) Duncan, Baron Duncan-Sandys (1908–1987)".
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and acted for the preservation of the European cultural and architectural heritage.
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made him an honorary member. He was also a trustee of the World Security Trust.
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7 February 1943 – 21 November 1944, Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Supply
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18 October 1954 – 13 January 1957, Minister of Housing and Local Government
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27 July 1960 – 13 July 1962, Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations
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until 1972 when he announced his retirement. The next year he was made a
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in October that year, becoming Mildred Helen Lister. He was educated at
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and incorporated his first name in his title, changing his surname to
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20 July 1941 – 7 February 1943, Financial Secretary to the War Office
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and, when the Conservatives regained power in 1951, he was appointed
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Federal Union : the pioneers : a history of Federal Union
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He remained in the shadow cabinet until 1966 when he was sacked by
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Ministers in the Macmillan and Douglas-Home governments, 1957–1964
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Soldiers: Army Lives and Loyalties from Redcoats to Dusty Warriors
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and was wounded in action; this left him with a permanent limp.
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was already held by another family, he followed the example of
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The Impact of Hitler – British Policies and Policy 1933–1940
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The Hon. Julian Sandys (19 September 1936 – 15 August 1997)
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He became Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for
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governments in the 1950s and 1960s. He was a son-in-law of
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for Economic Cooperation, the United Europe Movement, the
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His father-in-law gave him his first ministerial post as
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Ministers in the Churchill wartime government, 1940–1945
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and played a key role in promoting European unity after
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His business activities included a Directorship of the
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Ministers in the third Churchill government, 1951–1955
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Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
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Minister for Coordination of Transport, Fuel and Power
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13 January 1957 – 14 October 1959, Minister of Defence
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Ministers in the Churchill caretaker government, 1945
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British Secretaries of State for Commonwealth Affairs
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31 October 1951 – 18 October 1954, Minister of Supply
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From his second marriage, with Marie-Claire Schmitt:
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In 1974 he retired from parliament and was awarded a
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Sandys fought with 51st (London) HAA Regiment in the
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14 October 1959 – 27 July 1960, Minister of Aviation
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51st (London) Anti-Aircraft Brigade, Royal Artillery
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Sandys, born on 24 January 1908 at the Manor House,
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Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1589: 1587: 1548:25 May 1945 – 26 July 1945, Minister of Works 1492:made him an honorary Fellow in 1968, and the 1411:Schmitt), who had been previously married to 122:Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations 2158:contributions in Parliament by Duncan Sandys 1702:. Gloucestershire, England. 13 January 1921. 3269:Ministers in the Eden government, 1955–1957 2163:'Headless men' in sex scandal finally named 1970:European Movement and the Council of Europe 1415:. The marriage lasted until Sandys' death. 491:23 February 1950 β€“ 8 February 1974 2736: 2722: 2425: 2411: 2027: 1905:. John Pomian. : Sussex University Press. 1584: 1499:Between 1969 and 1984 he was President of 1037:was enacted in reaction to this incident. 1001:In 1937, Sandys was commissioned into the 422:Shadow Secretary of State for the Colonies 358:31 October 1951 β€“ 19 October 1954 246:14 January 1957 β€“ 14 October 1959 47: 2441:Defence Secretaries of the United Kingdom 1795: 1793: 1791: 1206:Learn how and when to remove this message 1009:(TA). In 1938, he asked questions in the 996: 300:19 October 1954 β€“ 4 January 1957 3074:Ministry of Housing and Local Government 2007: 1898: 1832: 1720:. Kindred Britain by Stanford University 1593: 1400:, daughter of the future prime minister 1236:European League for Economic Cooperation 1088:. While a minister he was chairman of a 434:16 October 1964 β€“ 13 April 1966 288:Minister of Housing and Local Government 3099:Minister of Labour and National Service 2185:Newspaper clippings about Duncan Sandys 1863: 1621:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 1616:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 1490:Royal Institution of British Architects 955:in London as well as at the embassy in 192:14 October 1959 β€“ 27 July 1960 134:27 July 1960 β€“ 16 October 1964 76:13 July 1962 β€“ 16 October 1964 3224:British Army personnel of World War II 3201: 3040:(1951–1954; in cabinet 1953–1954 only) 1788: 1673:. Melbourne, Victoria. 14 January 1921 1613: 1324:Sandys continued as a minister at the 3304:Secretaries of State for the Colonies 2936:Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries 2717: 2406: 2106: β€“ via newspapers.com 2088:"Bond faces a Tiny bit of opposition" 1933: 1714:"Lt. Col. Frederick Hamilton (I6209)" 1384:He was an active early member of the 1312:that proposed a radical shift in the 1104:. He resigned his TA commission as a 1058:Financial Secretary to the War Office 536:14 March 1935 β€“ 15 June 1945 3364:War Office personnel in World War II 3294:People educated at West Downs School 3118:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1420:Margaret Campbell, Duchess of Argyll 1144:adding citations to reliable sources 1115: 1029:. Sandys reported the matter to the 2955:Secretary of State for the Colonies 2385:Secretary of State for the Colonies 1488:in 1957 and was its president; the 1112:Co-founder of the European Movement 1100:. However, he lost his seat in the 64:Secretary of State for the Colonies 13: 3354:Life peers created by Elizabeth II 3239:Conservative Party (UK) life peers 3219:Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford 2116: 2074:"About the Church – Child Okeford" 2054:Mark A. Uhlig (27 November 1987). 1698:"Former M.P. for Wells Divorced". 1480:Among Sandys' other interests was 1413:Robert Hudson, 2nd Viscount Hudson 1407:In 1962, he married Marie-Claire ( 1072:who had headed development of the 14: 3385: 2145: 1867:A history of European integration 1840:. London: Constable. p. 246. 1525: 1308:in 1957 and quickly produced the 1265:Sandys served as a member of the 1241:Nouvelles Equipes Internationales 1040: 3349:UK MPs who were granted peerages 2783: 2472: 2434: 2216:Parliament of the United Kingdom 2198:The Papers of Lord Duncan-Sandys 1391: 1120: 871: 797: 779: 649: 3289:People educated at Eton College 3175:Secretary of State for Scotland 2207:British Army Officers 1939βˆ’1945 2080: 2066: 2047: 2021: 2001: 1976: 1962: 1927: 1892: 1857: 1844: 1826: 1814: 1131:needs additional citations for 1080:From 1944 to 1945 he served as 942: 672: 645: 3359:Military personnel from Dorset 2096:. 10 November 1988. p. 17 2017:. 18 April 1974. p. 4909. 1803:, London: Harper Press, 2011, 1776: 1764: 1753: 1732: 1706: 1691: 1657: 1607: 1508:Ashanti Goldfields Corporation 1: 3244:European integration pioneers 2819:Lord President of the Council 2028:Sarah Hall (10 August 2000). 1838:Silver Ghosts and Silver Dawn 1494:Royal Town Planning Institute 1326:Commonwealth Relations Office 1293:from 1954, he introduced the 1273:Post-war parliamentary career 1249:European Union of Federalists 910: 1648:UK public library membership 1475: 1376:Baron Duncan-Sandys, of the 1335:. He had strongly supported 1254:The Committee organised the 1245:European Parliamentary Union 1086:Churchill Caretaker Ministry 7: 3013:The Earl Alexander of Tunis 2869:Chancellor of the Exchequer 2189:20th Century Press Archives 1750:, 2 May 1935, cols.595–598. 1603:. 7 May 1974. p. 5585. 1432: 1297:and in 1955 introduced the 10: 3390: 2781: 2766:First Lord of the Treasury 2131:Cambridge University Press 1783:House of Commons Paper 101 1510:, which was later part of 1362:on 2 May. As the title of 3173: 3154: 3135: 3116: 3097: 3072: 3053: 3028: 2997: 2978: 2953: 2934: 2905: 2886: 2867: 2852:The Marquess of Salisbury 2842: 2833:The Marquess of Salisbury 2817: 2792: 2760: 2756: 2561: 2481: 2470: 2447: 2391: 2382: 2374: 2364: 2355: 2347: 2337: 2328: 2323: 2313: 2304: 2296: 2291: 2281: 2267:Member of Parliament for 2265: 2256: 2246: 2232:Member of Parliament for 2230: 2221: 2214: 2202:Churchill Archives Centre 2093:The Sydney Morning Herald 1836:, William Arthur (1970). 1404:. They divorced in 1960. 1035:Official Secrets Act 1939 1027:Official Secrets Act 1920 972:by-election in March 1935 929:Frederick Hamilton Lister 919:, Dorset, was the son of 848: 838: 828: 818: 810: 792: 774: 769: 761: 738: 721: 706: 697:Frederick Hamilton Lister 683: 622: 612: 598: 573: 568: 564: 552: 540: 529: 519: 507: 495: 484: 474: 452: 438: 427: 420: 416: 412: 402: 398: 386: 374: 362: 351: 344: 332: 320: 304: 293: 286: 274: 262: 250: 239: 232: 220: 208: 196: 185: 178: 166: 154: 138: 127: 120: 108: 96: 80: 69: 62: 58: 46: 23: 3299:Royal Artillery officers 2563:Secretaries of State for 2451:Co-ordination of Defence 1899:Retinger, J. H. (1972). 1864:Lipgens, Walter (1982). 1577: 1553:Conservative Government 1396:In 1935, Sandys married 1386:Conservative Monday Club 1310:1957 Defence White Paper 951:in 1930, serving at the 937:Magdalen College, Oxford 753:Magdalen College, Oxford 3374:British anti-communists 2944:Derick Heathcoat-Armory 2108:(subscription required) 1934:Mayne, Richard (1990). 1746:6 November 2016 at the 1448:(born 22 December 1938) 1031:Committee of Privileges 1025:under section 6 of the 984:Anglo-German Fellowship 547:Sir Walter Greaves-Lord 2919:Sir David Maxwell Fyfe 1984:"Britain's Small Wars" 1630:10.1093/ref:odnb/39858 1349:Western European Union 1269:from 1950 until 1951. 1224:United Europe Movement 1021:, and threatened with 997:The Duncan Sandys case 30:The Lord Duncan-Sandys 3137:Minister of Materials 3030:Minister of Education 2774:Sir Winston Churchill 2749:Sir Winston Churchill 2133:, 1975, p. 415, 1665:"Politician divorced" 1545:Caretaker Government 1531:Coalition Government 1482:historic architecture 1279:1950 general election 1222:. He established the 1102:1945 general election 811:Years of service 443:Sir Alec Douglas-Home 149:Sir Alec Douglas-Home 91:Sir Alec Douglas-Home 2808:The Viscount Kilmuir 2331:Minister of Aviation 1339:in the dispute over 1140:improve this article 1108:the following year. 662:Marie-Claire Schmitt 648: 1935; 520:Member of Parliament 475:Member of Parliament 461:The Earl of Longford 180:Minister of Aviation 26:The Right Honourable 3284:Ministers of Supply 3107:Sir Walter Monckton 2999:Minister of Defence 2925:Gwilym Lloyd George 2533:Sir Walter Monckton 2307:Minister of Defence 2226:Walter Greaves-Lord 1378:City of Westminster 1306:Minister of Defence 1291:Minister of Housing 947:Sandys entered the 578:Edwin Duncan Sandys 502:Sir David Robertson 234:Minister of Defence 3055:Minister of Health 3038:Florence Horsbrugh 2573:Peter Thorneycroft 2553:Peter Thorneycroft 2341:Peter Thorneycroft 2292:Political offices 2250:Ronald Chamberlain 2060:The New York Times 2014:The London Gazette 1700:Gloucester Citizen 1600:The London Gazette 1287:Minister of Supply 1256:Congress of Europe 1106:lieutenant-colonel 1062:Ministry of Supply 1051:Norwegian campaign 976:Randolph Churchill 949:diplomatic service 921:George John Sandys 843:Norwegian Campaign 823:Lieutenant-Colonel 729:George John Sandys 559:Ronald Chamberlain 346:Minister of Supply 227:Peter Thorneycroft 16:British politician 3196: 3195: 3192: 3191: 3164:The Lord Cherwell 3156:Paymaster General 3007:Winston Churchill 2988:The Lord Leathers 2888:Foreign Secretary 2711: 2710: 2613:Michael Heseltine 2513:Winston Churchill 2493:Winston Churchill 2459:Sir Thomas Inskip 2401: 2400: 2395:Anthony Greenwood 2392:Succeeded by 2378:Reginald Maudling 2365:Succeeded by 2338:Succeeded by 2314:Succeeded by 2282:Succeeded by 2247:Succeeded by 2181:, 7 November 1987 2171:, 10 August 2000. 1809:978-0-00-722570-5 1771:Monthly Army List 1646:(Subscription or 1402:Winston Churchill 1381:, on 2 May 1974. 1374:. He was created 1345:Council of Europe 1304:He was appointed 1220:European Movement 1216: 1215: 1208: 1190: 1082:Minister of Works 1015:national security 901:Winston Churchill 852: 851: 691:Winston Churchill 470: 469: 457:Anthony Greenwood 369:Winston Churchill 311:Winston Churchill 115:Anthony Greenwood 103:Reginald Maudling 3381: 3344:UK MPs 1970–1974 3339:UK MPs 1966–1970 3334:UK MPs 1964–1966 3329:UK MPs 1959–1964 3324:UK MPs 1955–1959 3319:UK MPs 1951–1955 3314:UK MPs 1950–1951 3309:UK MPs 1935–1945 3145:The Lord Woolton 3126:The Lord Woolton 3082:Harold Macmillan 3063:Harry Crookshank 3044:Sir David Eccles 3019:Harold Macmillan 2969:Alan Lennox-Boyd 2963:Oliver Lyttelton 2896:Sir Anthony Eden 2858:Harry Crookshank 2827:The Lord Woolton 2802:The Lord Simonds 2787: 2758: 2757: 2738: 2731: 2724: 2715: 2714: 2683:Gavin Williamson 2638:George Robertson 2633:Michael Portillo 2548:Harold Watkinson 2523:Harold Macmillan 2518:Harold Alexander 2476: 2439: 2438: 2427: 2420: 2413: 2404: 2403: 2375:Preceded by 2368:Arthur Bottomley 2351:The Earl of Home 2348:Preceded by 2317:Harold Watkinson 2297:Preceded by 2257:Preceded by 2222:Preceded by 2212: 2211: 2123:Cowling, Maurice 2110: 2109: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2084: 2078: 2077: 2070: 2064: 2063: 2051: 2045: 2044: 2042: 2040: 2025: 2019: 2018: 2005: 1999: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1980: 1974: 1973: 1966: 1960: 1959: 1931: 1925: 1924: 1896: 1890: 1889: 1861: 1855: 1854:, Hamilton, 1978 1848: 1842: 1841: 1830: 1824: 1818: 1812: 1799:Richard Holmes, 1797: 1786: 1780: 1774: 1768: 1762: 1757: 1751: 1736: 1730: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1710: 1704: 1703: 1695: 1689: 1688: 1680: 1678: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1651: 1643: 1611: 1605: 1604: 1591: 1484:. He formed the 1455:(divorced 1979). 1211: 1204: 1200: 1197: 1191: 1189: 1148: 1124: 1116: 1077:main business). 1047:Second World War 1011:House of Commons 1007:Territorial Army 894: 893: 890: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 868: 863: 803: 801: 800: 785: 783: 782: 770:Military service 676: 674: 653: 651: 647: 605: 602:26 November 1987 590:Sandford Orcas, 587: 585: 569:Personal details 555: 543: 534: 510: 498: 489: 432: 400: 399: 389: 377: 365: 356: 335: 327:Harold Macmillan 323: 315:Sir Anthony Eden 307: 298: 281:Harold Watkinson 277: 265: 257:Harold Macmillan 253: 244: 223: 211: 203:Harold Macmillan 199: 190: 173:Arthur Bottomley 169: 161:The Earl of Home 157: 145:Harold Macmillan 141: 132: 111: 99: 87:Harold Macmillan 83: 74: 51: 41: 21: 20: 3389: 3388: 3384: 3383: 3382: 3380: 3379: 3378: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3188: 3169: 3150: 3131: 3112: 3093: 3068: 3049: 3024: 2993: 2974: 2949: 2930: 2911:Welsh Secretary 2909: 2901: 2882: 2863: 2844:Lord Privy Seal 2838: 2813: 2794:Lord Chancellor 2788: 2779: 2764: 2752: 2742: 2712: 2707: 2628:Malcolm Rifkind 2583:Lord Carrington 2564: 2557: 2503:A. V. Alexander 2484: 2477: 2468: 2450: 2443: 2433: 2431: 2397: 2388: 2380: 2370: 2361: 2353: 2343: 2334: 2319: 2310: 2302: 2287: 2285:William Shelton 2272: 2263: 2261:David Robertson 2252: 2237: 2228: 2148: 2119: 2117:Further reading 2114: 2113: 2107: 2099: 2097: 2086: 2085: 2081: 2072: 2071: 2067: 2052: 2048: 2038: 2036: 2026: 2022: 2006: 2002: 1992: 1990: 1982: 1981: 1977: 1968: 1967: 1963: 1948: 1932: 1928: 1913: 1897: 1893: 1878: 1862: 1858: 1852:Most Secret War 1849: 1845: 1831: 1827: 1819: 1815: 1798: 1789: 1781: 1777: 1769: 1765: 1758: 1754: 1748:Wayback Machine 1737: 1733: 1723: 1721: 1712: 1711: 1707: 1697: 1696: 1692: 1676: 1674: 1663: 1662: 1658: 1652: 1645: 1640: 1612: 1608: 1592: 1585: 1580: 1528: 1478: 1435: 1398:Diana Churchill 1394: 1314:Royal Air Force 1275: 1232:Joseph Retinger 1212: 1201: 1195: 1192: 1155:"Duncan Sandys" 1149: 1147: 1137: 1125: 1114: 1043: 1019:secret services 999: 991:peace in Europe 945: 913: 874: 870: 861: 857: 833:Royal Artillery 798: 796: 780: 778: 757: 734: 702: 693:(father-in-law) 679: 678: 675: 1962) 670: 666: 663: 655: 652: 1960) 643: 639: 636: 634:Diana Churchill 613:Political party 608:London, England 607: 603: 589: 588:24 January 1908 583: 581: 580: 579: 553: 541: 535: 530: 521: 514:William Shelton 508: 496: 490: 485: 476: 463: 459: 445: 433: 428: 408: 387: 375: 363: 357: 352: 333: 321: 313: 305: 299: 294: 275: 263: 251: 245: 240: 221: 209: 197: 191: 186: 167: 155: 147: 139: 133: 128: 109: 97: 89: 81: 75: 70: 54: 42: 33: 31: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3387: 3377: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3326: 3321: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3286: 3281: 3276: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3194: 3193: 3190: 3189: 3187: 3186: 3179: 3177: 3171: 3170: 3168: 3167: 3160: 3158: 3152: 3151: 3149: 3148: 3141: 3139: 3133: 3132: 3130: 3129: 3122: 3120: 3114: 3113: 3111: 3110: 3103: 3101: 3095: 3094: 3092: 3091: 3085: 3078: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3067: 3066: 3059: 3057: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3047: 3041: 3034: 3032: 3026: 3025: 3023: 3022: 3016: 3010: 3003: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2991: 2984: 2982: 2976: 2975: 2973: 2972: 2966: 2959: 2957: 2951: 2950: 2948: 2947: 2940: 2938: 2932: 2931: 2929: 2928: 2922: 2915: 2913: 2907:Home Secretary 2903: 2902: 2900: 2899: 2892: 2890: 2884: 2883: 2881: 2880: 2873: 2871: 2865: 2864: 2862: 2861: 2855: 2848: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2837: 2836: 2830: 2823: 2821: 2815: 2814: 2812: 2811: 2805: 2798: 2796: 2790: 2789: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2777: 2770: 2768: 2762:Prime Minister 2754: 2753: 2741: 2740: 2733: 2726: 2718: 2709: 2708: 2706: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2688:Penny Mordaunt 2685: 2680: 2678:Michael Fallon 2675: 2673:Philip Hammond 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2618:George Younger 2615: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2595: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2569: 2567: 2559: 2558: 2556: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2508:Manny Shinwell 2505: 2500: 2498:Clement Attlee 2495: 2489: 2487: 2479: 2478: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2466: 2464:Lord Chatfield 2461: 2455: 2453: 2445: 2444: 2430: 2429: 2422: 2415: 2407: 2399: 2398: 2393: 2390: 2381: 2376: 2372: 2371: 2366: 2363: 2354: 2349: 2345: 2344: 2339: 2336: 2327: 2321: 2320: 2315: 2312: 2303: 2298: 2294: 2293: 2289: 2288: 2283: 2280: 2264: 2258: 2254: 2253: 2248: 2245: 2229: 2223: 2219: 2218: 2210: 2209: 2204: 2195: 2182: 2179:New York Times 2172: 2160: 2147: 2146:External links 2144: 2143: 2142: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2111: 2079: 2065: 2046: 2020: 2000: 1975: 1961: 1946: 1926: 1911: 1891: 1876: 1856: 1843: 1825: 1813: 1787: 1775: 1763: 1752: 1731: 1705: 1690: 1656: 1638: 1606: 1582: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1557: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1541: 1538: 1535: 1527: 1526:Career summary 1524: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1457: 1456: 1453:Dennis Walters 1449: 1442: 1434: 1431: 1393: 1390: 1274: 1271: 1214: 1213: 1128: 1126: 1119: 1113: 1110: 1092:Committee for 1066:W. 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Robotham 1042: 1041:Wartime career 1039: 1013:on matters of 998: 995: 953:Foreign Office 944: 941: 917:Sandford Orcas 912: 909: 850: 849: 846: 845: 840: 836: 835: 830: 826: 825: 820: 816: 815: 812: 808: 807: 794: 793:Branch/service 790: 789: 787:United Kingdom 776: 772: 771: 767: 766: 763: 759: 758: 756: 755: 750: 744: 742: 736: 735: 733: 732: 725: 723: 719: 718: 708: 704: 703: 701: 700: 694: 687: 685: 681: 680: 668: 664: 661: 660: 659: 658: 641: 637: 632: 631: 630: 629: 626: 624: 620: 619: 614: 610: 609: 606:(aged 79) 600: 596: 595: 577: 575: 571: 570: 566: 565: 562: 561: 556: 550: 549: 544: 538: 537: 527: 526: 517: 516: 511: 505: 504: 499: 493: 492: 482: 481: 472: 471: 468: 467: 454: 450: 449: 440: 436: 435: 425: 424: 418: 417: 414: 413: 410: 409: 405:Shadow Cabinet 403: 396: 395: 390: 384: 383: 381:George Strauss 378: 372: 371: 366: 364:Prime Minister 360: 359: 349: 348: 342: 341: 336: 330: 329: 324: 318: 317: 308: 306:Prime Minister 302: 301: 291: 290: 284: 283: 278: 272: 271: 266: 260: 259: 254: 252:Prime Minister 248: 247: 237: 236: 230: 229: 224: 218: 217: 215:Office Created 212: 206: 205: 200: 198:Prime Minister 194: 193: 183: 182: 176: 175: 170: 164: 163: 158: 152: 151: 142: 140:Prime Minister 136: 135: 125: 124: 118: 117: 112: 106: 105: 100: 94: 93: 84: 82:Prime Minister 78: 77: 67: 66: 60: 59: 56: 55: 53:Sandys in 1975 52: 44: 43: 32: 29: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3386: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3369:Sandys family 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3340: 3337: 3335: 3332: 3330: 3327: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3302: 3300: 3297: 3295: 3292: 3290: 3287: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3277: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3265: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3237: 3235: 3232: 3230: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3184: 3181: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3172: 3165: 3162: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3153: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3134: 3127: 3124: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3115: 3108: 3105: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3096: 3089: 3088:Duncan Sandys 3086: 3083: 3080: 3079: 3077: 3075: 3071: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3052: 3045: 3042: 3039: 3036: 3035: 3033: 3031: 3027: 3020: 3017: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3005: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2996: 2989: 2986: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2977: 2970: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2952: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2933: 2926: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2897: 2894: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2885: 2878: 2875: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2866: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2849: 2847: 2845: 2841: 2834: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2822: 2820: 2816: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2791: 2786: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2750: 2746: 2739: 2734: 2732: 2727: 2725: 2720: 2719: 2716: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2663:Bob Ainsworth 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2599: 2596: 2594: 2591: 2589: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2560: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2543:Duncan Sandys 2541: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2483:Ministers for 2480: 2475: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2449:Ministers for 2446: 2442: 2437: 2428: 2423: 2421: 2416: 2414: 2409: 2408: 2405: 2396: 2387: 2386: 2379: 2373: 2369: 2360: 2359: 2352: 2346: 2342: 2333: 2332: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2309: 2308: 2301: 2295: 2290: 2286: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2270: 2262: 2255: 2251: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2235: 2227: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2196: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2169: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2155: 2154: 2150: 2149: 2140: 2139:0-521-20582-4 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2121: 2120: 2095: 2094: 2089: 2083: 2075: 2069: 2061: 2057: 2050: 2035: 2031: 2024: 2016: 2015: 2010: 2004: 1989: 1985: 1979: 1971: 1965: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1947:0-333-41995-2 1943: 1939: 1938: 1930: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1912:0-85621-002-1 1908: 1904: 1903: 1895: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1877:0-19-822587-3 1873: 1869: 1868: 1860: 1853: 1850:R. V. Jones, 1847: 1839: 1835: 1829: 1822: 1821:Clive Ponting 1817: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1784: 1779: 1772: 1767: 1761: 1756: 1749: 1745: 1742: 1741: 1735: 1719: 1715: 1709: 1701: 1694: 1687: 1686: 1672: 1671: 1666: 1660: 1649: 1641: 1639:9780198614128 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1622: 1617: 1610: 1602: 1601: 1596: 1590: 1588: 1583: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1552: 1547: 1546: 1544: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1530: 1529: 1523: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1504: 1502: 1501:Europa Nostra 1497: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1460: 1454: 1450: 1447: 1446:Edwina Sandys 1443: 1440: 1439: 1438: 1430: 1428: 1427:Child Okeford 1423: 1421: 1416: 1414: 1410: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1392:Personal life 1389: 1387: 1382: 1380: 1379: 1373: 1372:Duncan-Sandys 1369: 1365: 1361: 1356: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1329: 1327: 1322: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1302: 1300: 1296: 1295:Clean Air Act 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1270: 1268: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1252: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1233: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1210: 1207: 1199: 1196:December 2022 1188: 1185: 1181: 1178: 1174: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1160: 1157: β€“  1156: 1152: 1151:Find sources: 1145: 1141: 1135: 1134: 1129:This section 1127: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1078: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1038: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 994: 992: 987: 985: 979: 977: 973: 969: 965: 960: 958: 954: 950: 940: 938: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 908: 906: 902: 898: 892: 867: 860: 856: 847: 844: 841: 837: 834: 831: 827: 824: 821: 817: 813: 809: 806: 795: 791: 788: 777: 773: 768: 764: 760: 754: 751: 749: 746: 745: 743: 741: 737: 730: 727: 726: 724: 720: 717: 713: 710:4, including 709: 705: 699:(step-father) 698: 695: 692: 689: 688: 686: 682: 657: 656: 635: 628: 627: 625: 621: 618: 615: 611: 601: 597: 593: 576: 572: 567: 563: 560: 557: 551: 548: 545: 539: 533: 528: 525: 518: 515: 512: 506: 503: 500: 494: 488: 483: 480: 473: 466: 465:Frederick Lee 462: 458: 455: 451: 448: 444: 441: 437: 431: 426: 423: 419: 415: 411: 406: 401: 397: 394: 391: 385: 382: 379: 373: 370: 367: 361: 355: 350: 347: 343: 340: 337: 331: 328: 325: 319: 316: 312: 309: 303: 297: 292: 289: 285: 282: 279: 273: 270: 267: 261: 258: 255: 249: 243: 238: 235: 231: 228: 225: 219: 216: 213: 207: 204: 201: 195: 189: 184: 181: 177: 174: 171: 165: 162: 159: 153: 150: 146: 143: 137: 131: 126: 123: 119: 116: 113: 107: 104: 101: 95: 92: 88: 85: 79: 73: 68: 65: 61: 57: 50: 45: 40: 36: 27: 22: 19: 3183:James Stuart 3087: 2698:Grant Shapps 2578:Denis Healey 2542: 2538:Anthony Head 2528:Selwyn Lloyd 2383: 2356: 2329: 2324: 2305: 2266: 2231: 2178: 2168:The Guardian 2166: 2151: 2126: 2100:19 September 2098:. Retrieved 2091: 2082: 2068: 2059: 2049: 2037:. Retrieved 2034:The Guardian 2033: 2023: 2012: 2003: 1991:. Retrieved 1987: 1978: 1969: 1964: 1936: 1929: 1901: 1894: 1866: 1859: 1851: 1846: 1837: 1828: 1816: 1800: 1782: 1778: 1770: 1766: 1755: 1739: 1734: 1722:. Retrieved 1718:stanford.edu 1717: 1708: 1699: 1693: 1683: 1682: 1675:. 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Jones 1090:War Cabinet 1070:Rolls-Royce 1045:During the 1023:prosecution 542:Preceded by 497:Preceded by 376:Preceded by 322:Preceded by 264:Preceded by 210:Preceded by 156:Preceded by 98:Preceded by 3203:Categories 2877:Rab Butler 2653:Des Browne 2643:Geoff Hoon 2389:1962–1964 2362:1960–1964 2335:1959–1960 2325:New office 2311:1957–1959 1650:required.) 1258:, held in 1247:, and the 1166:newspapers 911:Early life 775:Allegiance 762:Profession 740:Alma mater 584:1908-01-24 2648:John Reid 2608:John Nott 2593:Roy Mason 2269:Streatham 1724:11 August 1677:10 August 1670:The Argus 1476:Interests 1463:The Hon. 1444:The Hon. 1337:Ian Smith 1283:Streatham 1260:The Hague 1230:In 1947, 1005:, of the 814:1937–1946 684:Relations 594:, England 532:In office 487:In office 479:Streatham 453:Shadowing 430:In office 407:positions 354:In office 296:In office 242:In office 188:In office 130:In office 72:In office 2668:Liam Fox 2623:Tom King 2278:Feb 1974 2200:held at 2175:Obituary 2039:3 August 1993:3 August 1988:Facebook 1956:26163180 1834:Robotham 1773:1937–39. 1744:Archived 1516:Rhodesia 1433:Children 765:Diplomat 731:(father) 707:Children 2745:Cabinet 2565:Defence 2485:Defence 2234:Norwood 2191:of the 2187:in the 2153:Hansard 1886:8785025 1740:Hansard 1318:missile 1180:scholar 964:Norwood 677:​ 669:​ 665:​ 654:​ 642:​ 638:​ 623:Spouses 524:Norwood 2137:  1954:  1944:  1921:495575 1919:  1909:  1884:  1874:  1807:  1644: 1636:  1512:Lonrho 1243:, the 1182:  1175:  1168:  1161:  1153:  1074:Meteor 957:Berlin 802:  784:  722:Parent 712:Edwina 592:Dorset 439:Leader 1578:Notes 1187:JSTOR 1173:books 970:in a 864: 862:, 716:Laura 671:( 667: 644:( 640: 37: 2274:1950 2259:Sir 2243:1945 2239:1935 2224:Sir 2135:ISBN 2102:2019 2041:2015 1995:2015 1952:OCLC 1942:ISBN 1917:OCLC 1907:ISBN 1882:OCLC 1872:ISBN 1805:ISBN 1726:2018 1679:2018 1634:ISBN 1347:and 1281:for 1159:news 993:) . 935:and 923:, a 829:Unit 819:Rank 714:and 650:div. 599:Died 574:Born 522:for 477:for 2747:of 2193:ZBW 1626:doi 1409:nΓ©e 1142:by 1064:. 986:. 966:in 3205:: 2276:– 2177:, 2165:, 2129:, 2125:, 2090:. 2058:. 2032:. 2011:. 1986:. 1950:. 1915:. 1880:. 1790:^ 1716:. 1681:. 1667:. 1632:. 1618:. 1597:. 1586:^ 1522:. 1388:. 1355:. 1301:. 978:. 959:. 939:. 907:. 866:PC 859:CH 673:m. 646:m. 39:PC 35:CH 2737:e 2730:t 2723:v 2426:e 2419:t 2412:v 2241:– 2141:. 2104:. 2076:. 2062:. 2043:. 1997:. 1958:. 1923:. 1888:. 1811:. 1728:. 1642:. 1628:: 1471:. 1209:) 1203:( 1198:) 1194:( 1184:Β· 1177:Β· 1170:Β· 1163:Β· 1136:. 891:/ 888:z 885:d 882:n 879:Γ¦ 876:s 873:/ 869:( 586:) 582:(

Index

The Right Honourable
CH
PC

Secretary of State for the Colonies
Harold Macmillan
Sir Alec Douglas-Home
Reginald Maudling
Anthony Greenwood
Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations
Harold Macmillan
Sir Alec Douglas-Home
The Earl of Home
Arthur Bottomley
Minister of Aviation
Harold Macmillan
Peter Thorneycroft
Minister of Defence
Harold Macmillan
Anthony Head
Harold Watkinson
Minister of Housing and Local Government
Winston Churchill
Sir Anthony Eden
Harold Macmillan
Henry Brooke
Minister of Supply
Winston Churchill
George Strauss
Selwyn Lloyd

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