738:
1196:
scrambling to catch up. The new unions of semiskilled workers were the most militant. The
National Sailors' and Firemen's Union directed strike activities in many port cities across Britain. The national leadership was strongly supported by local leaders, for example the Glasgow Trades Council. In Glasgow and other major cities there were distinctive local variations. Glasgow was more unified and coherent than most centres. The long-term result was seen in the strength of waterfront organisation on the Clyde River, marked as it was by the emergence of independent locally based unions among both dockers and seamen.
676:
1235:
47:
1119:
1562:
1967:
1342:
835:
626:, and traditional hierarchical society. There was a powerful leadership base in the landed aristocracy and landed gentry in rural England, plus strong support from the Church of England and military interests. Historians have used election returns to demonstrate that Conservatives did surprisingly well in working-class districts. They had an appeal as well to the better-off element of traditional working-class Britons in the larger cities.
723:. One unifying element was widespread agreement on the use of politics and Parliament as a means to upgrade and improve society and to reform politics. In the House of Lords, the Liberals lost most of their members, who in the 1890s "became Conservative in all but name." The government could force the unwilling king to create new Liberal peers, and that threat did prove decisive in the battle for dominance of Commons over Lords in 1911.
890:
1085:(1862–1933), who seldom consulted with his party leadership. Grey shared the strong Liberal policy against all wars and against military alliances that would force Britain to take a side in war. However, in the case of the Boer War, Grey held that the Boers had committed an aggression that it was necessary to repulse. The Liberal party split on the issue, with a large faction strongly opposed to the war in Africa.
1096:, was not an alliance of mutual defence, and Britain therefore felt free to make her own foreign policy decisions in 1914. The Liberals were highly moralistic, and by 1914 they were increasingly convinced that German aggression violated international norms, and specifically that its invasion of neutral Belgium was completely unacceptable in terms of morality, of Britain and Germany's obligations under the
712:; suffragettes and opponents of women's suffrage; antiwar elements and supporters of the military alliance with France. Nonconformist Dissenters – Protestants outside the Anglican fold – were a powerful element, dedicated to opposing the established church in the fields of education and taxation. However, the Dissenters were losing support and played a lesser and lesser role in party affairs after 1900.
3897:
147:
1389:, in both urban and rural areas. Middle- and upper-class women relied on servants to run their homes smoothly. Servants were provided with food, clothing, housing, and a small wage, and lived in a self-enclosed social system within their employer's house. However, the number of domestic servants fell in the Edwardian era due to fewer young people willing to be employed in this capacity.
134:
1329:
purchasing ineffective pills. In addition to fearing legal reprimands, many physicians did not condone abortion because they viewed it as an immoral procedure potentially endangering a woman's life. Because abortion was illegal and physicians refused to perform the procedure, local women provided abortions, often using crochet hooks or similar instruments.
1377:
Third, women were often less likely to marry or remarry after being widowed, leaving them as the main providers for the remaining family members. Finally, poor women had deficient diets, because their husbands and children received disproportionately large shares of food. Many women were malnourished and had limited access to health care.
719:, who sat as a Liberal MP between 1906 and 1910. They included secularists from the labour movement. The middle-class business, professional and intellectual communities were generally strongholds, although some old aristocratic families played important roles as well. The working-class element was moving rapidly toward the newly emerging
1333:
child-bearing role women were expected to assume. Many considered abortion to be a selfish act that allowed a woman to avoid personal responsibility, contributing to a decline in moral values. Abortion was often a solution for women who already had children and did not want more. Consequently, the size of families decreased drastically.
1404:
1134:(1849–1930) dominated German naval policy from 1897 until 1916. Before the German Empire formed in 1871, Prussia never had a real navy, nor did the other German states. Tirpitz turned a modest fleet into a world-class one that could threaten the British Royal Navy. The British responded with new technology typified by the
990:
1372:
During marriage disputes, women often lost the rights to their children, even if their husbands were abusive. However, women were increasingly granted custody of their children under seven years of age; this tendency was colloquially known as the "tender years doctrine", in which it was believed that
1225:
fell faster in
England and Wales than in Scotland. Clive Lee argues that one factor was the continued overcrowding in Scotland's housing. During the First World War, infant mortality fell sharply across the country. J. M. Winter attributes this to the full employment and higher wages paid to war
1497:
The turn of the century saw the rise of popular journalism aimed at the lower middle class and tending to deemphasise highly detailed political and international news, which remain the focus of a handful of low-circulation prestige newspapers. These were family-owned and operated, and were primarily
1438:. 'High and boned collars for the day; plunging off shoulder décolleté for the evening'. The tea gown's cut was relatively loose compared to the more formal evening gown, and was worn without a corset. The silhouette was flowing, and was usually decorated with lace or with the cheaper Irish crochet.
1220:
The new money permitted higher spending on food, and also on a wide range of health-enhancing goods and services such as medical care. The major improvement in the physical environment was the quality of the housing stock, which rose faster than the population; its quality was increasingly regulated
1103:
Until the last few weeks before it started in August 1914, almost no one saw a world war coming. The expectation among the generals was that because of industrial advances any future war would produce a quick victory for the side that was better-prepared, better armed, and faster to move. No one saw
1306:
It specialised in highly visible publicity campaigns such as large parades. This had the effect of energising all dimensions of the suffrage movement. While there was a majority of support for suffrage in
Parliament, the ruling Liberal Party refused to allow a vote on the issue; the result of which
1195:
The Great Unrest saw an enormous increase in trade union membership, which affected all industries to varying extents. The militants were most active in coal mining, textiles and transportation. Much of the militancy emerged from grassroots protests against falling real wages, with union leadership
1153:
However, London was the financial centre of the world—far more efficient and wide-ranging than New York, Paris or Berlin. Britain had built up a vast reserve of overseas credits in its formal Empire, as well as in an informal empire in Latin
America and other nations. It had huge financial holdings
691:
Michael Childs argues that the younger generation had reason to prefer Labour over
Liberal political styles. Social factors included secularised elementary education (with a disappearing role for Dissenting schools that inculcated Liberal viewpoints); the "New Unionism" after 1890 brought unskilled
660:
Conservative support weakened among the top tier of the working-class and lower middle-class, and there was dissatisfaction among intellectuals. The 1906 general election was a landslide victory for the
Liberal Party, which saw its total vote share increase by 25%, while the Conservative total vote
1360:
defined who could receive monetary relief. The Act reflected and perpetuated prevailing gender conditions. In
Edwardian society, men were the source of wealth. The law restricted relief for unemployed, able-bodied male workers, due to the prevailing view that they would find work in the absence of
687:
with the
Liberals, allowing for cross-party support in elections, and the emergence of a small Labour contingent in Parliament. It was a temporary arrangement until the 1920s, when the Labour Party was strong enough to act on its own, and the Liberals were in an irreversible decline. Subtle social
629:
In rural areas, the national headquarters made highly effective use of paid travelling lecturers, with pamphlets, posters, and especially lantern slides, who were able to communicate effectively with rural voters – particularly the newly enfranchised agricultural workers. In the first years of the
1427:, the most striking change of all the developments that occurred during the Great War was the modification in women's dress, "for, however far politicians were to put the clocks back in other steeples in the years after the war, no one ever put the lost inches back on the hems of women's skirts".
1376:
At the time, single mothers were the poorest sector in society, disadvantaged for at least four reasons. First, women lived longer, often leaving them widowed with children. Second, women had fewer opportunities to work, and when they did find it, their wages were lower than male workers' wages.
1216:
Mortality declined steadily in urban
England and Wales 1870–1917. Robert Millward and Frances N. Bell looked statistically at those factors in the physical environment (especially population density and overcrowding) that raised death rates directly, as well as indirect factors such as price and
1252:
The inventions of the typewriter, telephone, and new filing systems offered middle-class women increased employment opportunities. So too did the rapid expansion of the school system, and the emergence of the new profession of nursing. Education and status led to demands for female roles in the
1248:
For housewives, sewing machines enabled the production of ready-made clothing and made it easier for women to sew their own clothes; more generally, argues
Barbara Burman, "home dressmaking was sustained as an important aid for women negotiating wider social shifts and tensions in their lives."
1332:
Feminists of the era focused on educating and finding jobs for women, leaving aside the controversial issues of contraceptives and abortion, which in popular opinion were often related to promiscuity and prostitution. The Church condemned abortion as immoral and a form of rebellion against the
1328:
Not all of society was accepting of contraceptives or abortion, and opponents viewed both as part of one and the same sin. Abortion was much more common among the middle classes than among those living in rural areas, where the procedure was not readily available. Women were often tricked into
815:
In 1901, the six British self-governing colonies of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, and Western Australia united to form the Commonwealth of Australia, with almost complete control of its internal affairs, but with foreign policy and defence handled by London.
1888:, it had a seating capacity of 68,000 and was opened by King Edward VII on 27 April 1908. It was the largest structure of its type in the world at the time, and was designed to be awe-inspiring and thereby enhance the love of large-scale spectacle that characterised Edwardian London.
1149:
The Edwardian era stands out as a time of peace and prosperity. Britain's growth rate, manufacturing output and GDP (but not GDP per capita) fell behind its rivals, the United States and Germany, though the nation still led the world in trade, finance and shipping, and had strong bases in
5972:
1034:, who played a major role in foreign policy in the late 1890s under the Salisbury government, repeatedly tried to open talks with Germany about some sort of alliance. Berlin was not interested. Meanwhile, Paris went to great pains to woo Russia and Great Britain. Key markers were the
791:
as prisoners of war. However, he relocated non-combatant Boers—mostly women and children—into heavily guarded internment camps. The internment camps were overcrowded with bad sanitation and meagre food rations. Contagious diseases such as measles, typhoid and dysentery were endemic.
1448:
are different from umbrellas; they are used for protection from the sun, rather from the rain, though they were often used as ornamentation rather than for function. By the end of the Edwardian era, the hat grew bigger in size, a trend that would continue in the 1910s.
1256:
Women were very active in church affairs, including attendance at services, Sunday school teaching, fund raising, pastoral care, social work and support for international missionary activities. They were almost completely excluded from practically all leadership roles.
1411:(1911) compares changes in fashion between 1901 and 1911. "The dowdy voluminous clothes of the earlier date, making the grandmother an old lady and the mother seem plain, had been replaced by much simpler looser wear producing a sense of release for all three females."
1315:
Although abortion was illegal, it was nevertheless a widespread form of birth control. Used predominantly by working-class women, the procedure was used not only as a means of terminating pregnancy, but also to prevent poverty and unemployment. Those who transported
1019:
to keep the peace. There were no wars. Bismarck was removed by an aggressive young Kaiser Wilhelm in 1890, effectively decentralizing the Bismarckian Order that had been shrewdly managed, and empowering French efforts to isolate Germany. With the formation of the
1799:
published a cartoon of Shakespeare biting his fingernails nervously as he looked at the billboards. Maugham's plays, like his novels, usually had a conventional plot structure, but the decade also saw the rise of the so-called New Drama, represented in plays by
919:
At first it applied to four industries: chain-making, ready-made tailoring, paper-box making, and the machine-made lace and finishing trade. It was later expanded to coal mining and then to other industries with preponderance of unskilled manual labour by the
1126:(1906) made all other battleships obsolete as soon as it was introduced. This was because it had ten long-range 12-inch big guns, mechanical computer-like range finders, high speed turbine engines that could make 21 knots, and armour plates 11 inches thick.
1271:
As middle-class women rose in status, they increasingly supported demands for a political voice. There was significant support for woman suffrage in all the parties, but the Liberal Party was in control after 1906 and a handful of its leaders, especially
1080:
The impact of the Triple Entente was to improve British relations with France and its ally Russia and to demote the importance to Britain of good relations with Germany. After 1905, foreign policy was tightly controlled by the Liberal Foreign Secretary
1551:
More than anyone ... shaped the modern press. Developments he introduced or harnessed remain central: broad contents, exploitation of advertising revenue to subsidize prices, aggressive marketing, subordinate regional markets, independence from party
943:
to block legislation. The cost was high, however, as the government was required by the King to call two general elections in 1910 to validate its position and ended up frittering away most of its large majority, with the balance of power held by
1320:
could be legally punished. Contraceptives became more expensive over time and had a high failure rate. Unlike contraceptives, abortion did not need any prior planning and was less expensive. Newspaper advertisements were used to promote and sell
1217:
income movements that affected expenditures on sewers, water supplies, food, and medical staff. The statistical data show that increases in the incomes of households and increases in town tax revenues helped cause the decline of mortality.
1192:. The period of unrest was labelled "great" not because of its scale, but due to the level of violence employed by both the state and labourers; including deaths of strikers at the hands of police and sabotage on the part of the workers.
575:
argued that the leaders felt increasingly threatened by rival powers such as Germany, Russia, and the United States. Nevertheless, the sudden arrival of World War I in the summer of 1914 was largely unexpected, except by the Royal Navy,
4298:
1900:
documented many scenes from Britain and Ireland from 1900 to 1907, sports, parades, factory exits, parks, city streets, boating and the like. Their films have survived in very good quality restored from the original negatives.
6278:
1154:
in the United States, especially in railways. These assets proved vital in paying for supplies in the first years of the World War. Amenities, especially in urban life, were accumulating—prosperity was highly visible.
1368:
laws, even though coverture was fast becoming outmoded in the Edwardian era. Unmarried mothers were sent to the workhouse, receiving unfair social treatment such as being restricted from attending church on Sundays.
1208:
had created new technologies that changed the way people lived. The growth of industry shifts in manufacturing factories, special-purpose machinery and technological innovations, which led to increased productivity.
1487:
Around 1913 women's dresses acquired a lower and sometimes V-shaped neckline in contrast to the high collars a generation before. This was considered scandalous by some, and caused outrage among clergy throughout
915:
that set minimum wages in certain trades with the history of "sweated" or "sweatshop" rates of especially low wages, because of surplus of available workers, the presence of women workers, or the lack of skills.
5097:
1866:–inspired designs of the late 17th and early 18th centuries. The change or reversal in taste from the Victorian eclectic styles corresponded with the historical revivals of the period, most prominently earlier
910:
and the beginnings of the welfare state, as well as curtailing the power of the House of Lords. Women's suffrage was not on the Liberal agenda. There were numerous major reforms helping labour, typified by the
5102:
1104:
that the innovations of recent decades—high explosives, long-range artillery and machine guns—were defensive weapons that practically guaranteed defeat of massed infantry attacks with very high casualties.
749:
with great confidence, little expecting that the two small rural Boer republics in southern Africa with a combined White population smaller than that of London would hold off the concentrated power of the
1415:
The upper classes embraced leisure sports, which resulted in rapid developments in fashion, as more mobile and flexible clothing styles were needed. During the Edwardian era, women wore a very tight
1050:. France thus had a formal alliance with Russia, and an informal alignment with Britain, against Germany and Austria. By 1903 good relations had been established with the United States and Japan.
5446:
1307:
was an escalation in the suffragette campaign. The WSPU, in dramatic contrast to its allies, embarked on a campaign of violence to publicise the issue, even to the detriment of its own aims.
571:
Recent assessments emphasise the great differences between the wealthy and the poor during this period and describe the age as heralding great changes in political and social life. Historian
5528:
5248:
1364:
The law did not recognise single independent women, and put women and children into the same category. If a man was physically disabled, his wife was also treated as disabled under the
708:
lacked a unified ideological base in 1906. It contained numerous contradictory and hostile factions, such as imperialists and supporters of the Boers; near-socialists and laissez-faire
1138:. It made every other class of battleship obsolete and, supported by a global network of coaling stations and telegraph cables, enabled Britain to stay well ahead in naval affairs.
638:, had numerous successes in foreign policy, defence, and education, as well as solutions for the issues of alcohol licensing and land ownership for the tenant farmers of Ireland.
1150:
manufacturing and mining. The industrial sector was slow to adjust to global changes, and there was a striking preference for leisure over entrepreneurship among the elite.
6453:
3465:
Sarah Cosbey, Mary Lynn Damhorst, and Jane Farrell-Beck. "Diversity of daytime clothing styles as a reflection of women's social role ambivalence from 1873 through 1912."
568:. The Edwardian age was also seen as a mediocre period of pleasure between the great achievements of the preceding Victorian age and the catastrophe of the following war.
3506:
Fashion : a visual history from regency & romance to retro & revolution : a complete illustrated chronology of fashion from the 1800s to the present day
961:
1630:, "erected in Hyde Park in 1912 ... immediately became a source of contention, sparking debate about the role of public statuary and its role in spaces of recreation."
564:. This perception was created in the 1920s and later by those who remembered the Edwardian age with nostalgia, looking back to their childhoods across the abyss of the
5311:
5286:
1249:
Increased literacy in the middle class gave women wider access to information and ideas. Numerous new magazines appealed to their tastes and helped define femininity.
437:
5268:
380:
142:
1706:. Apart from these famous writers, this was a period when a great number of novels and short stories were being published, and a significant distinction between "
803:
which corroborated Hobhouse's report and eventually led to improved conditions. The Boers surrendered, and the Boer Republics were annexed by the British Empire.
5316:
442:
5344:
4616:
1585:
had a particularly strong influence. Artists were influenced by the development of the automobile and electricity, and a greater awareness of human rights.
540:. Below the upper class, the era was marked by significant shifts in politics among sections of society that had largely been excluded from power, such as
477:
768:
years and take 400,000 Imperial troops to secure victory. The war split the Liberal Party into anti- and pro-war factions. Great orators, such as Liberal
5835:
5800:
5790:
4515:
882:" of 1909 that proposed to fund expanded social welfare programmes with new taxes on land and high incomes. It was blocked by the Conservative-dominated
6293:
5845:
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420:
1168:
The working classes were beginning to protest politically for a greater voice in government, especially after 1908, reaching a crescendo known as the
6193:
5508:
5301:
799:
visited the camps and was appalled at the living conditions, which she brought to the attention of the British public. Public outcry resulted in the
560:
The Edwardian period is sometimes portrayed as a romantic golden age of long summer days and garden parties, basking in a sun that never set on the
6777:
5795:
5356:
3537:
99:
1092:
between Germany, Austria–Hungary and Italy, but historians caution against the comparison. The Entente, in contrast to the Triple Alliance or the
5785:
5213:
4741:
4587:
1280:
6081:
5892:
5408:
4430:
4175:
Ottewill, Roger Martin. "Faith and good works: congregationalism in Edwardian Hampshire 1901–1914" (PhD. Diss. University of Birmingham, 2015)
2491:
De Reuck, Jenny (1999). "Social Suffering and the Politics of Pain: Observations on the Concentration Camps in the Anglo-Boer War 1899–1902".
6782:
5857:
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400:
1985:
were held in London. Popularity of sports tended to conform to class divisions, with tennis and yachting popular among the very wealthy and
6717:
6188:
5967:
5571:
3634:
Sarah Edwards, "'Clad in Robes of Virgin White': The Sexual Politics of the 'Lingerie'Dress in Novel and Film Versions of The Go-Between."
2942:
Matt Vaughan Wilson, "The 1911 Waterfront Strikes in Glasgow: Trade Unions and Rank-and-File Militancy in the Labour Unrest of 1910–1914."
1361:
financial assistance. However, women were treated differently. After the Poor Law was passed, women and children received most of the aid.
867:
1069:
of 1907. Britain's alignment was a reaction to an assertive German foreign policy and the build-up of its navy from 1898 which led to the
517:. Her son and successor, Edward VII, was already the leader of a fashionable elite that set a style influenced by the art and fashions of
6787:
6133:
5944:
4658:
1506:
641:
Nevertheless, the weaknesses were accumulating, and proved so overwhelming in 1906 that the party did not return to complete power until
2246:
Kathryn Rix, "'Go Out into the Highways and the Hedges': The Diary of Michael Sykes, Conservative Political Lecturer, 1895 and 1907–8."
1024:, Germany began to feel encircled: to the West lay France, with whom rivalry was awakening after a generation of dormancy following the
6143:
6086:
5618:
5561:
4563:
4068:
1082:
863:
4283:
Aston, Jennifer, and Paolo Di Martino. "Risk, success, and failure: female entrepreneurship in late Victorian and Edwardian England."
3045:
Guerriero R. Wilson, "Women's work in offices and the preservation of men's 'breadwinning' jobs' in early twentieth-century Glasgow."
6482:
5376:
1465:
Tailored jackets, first introduced in 1880, increased in popularity; and by 1900, tailored suits known as tailormades became popular.
1266:
2636:
and Nicola Verdon. "The state and the farm worker: the evolution of the minimum wage in agriculture in England and Wales, 1909–24."
1452:
The Edwardians developed new styles in clothing design. The Edwardian Era saw a decrease in the trend for voluminous, heavy skirts:
6128:
5987:
5939:
470:
5709:
5518:
5349:
4641:
4599:
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1177:
906:
Liberals in 1906–1911 passed major legislation designed to reform politics and society, such as the regulation of working hours,
878:. Campbell-Bannerman retired in 1908 and was succeeded by Asquith. He stepped up the government's radicalism, especially in the "
2842:
Matthew S. Seligmann, "Failing to Prepare for the Great War? The Absence of Grand Strategy in British War Planning before 1914"
2004:
for the fourth time in 1904–05 and their sixth League title in 1909–10. The club colours of claret and sky blue were adopted by
1505:, and gossip about famous personalities. Detailed accounts of major speeches and complex international events were not printed.
1498:
interested not in profits but in influence on the nation's elite by their control of the news and editorials on serious topics.
1141:
Apart from a determination to retain a strong naval advantage, the British lacked a military strategy or plans for a major war.
807:—a leading Boer general—became a senior official of the new government and even became a top British official in the World War.
6470:
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5381:
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4773:
4626:
4551:
969:
601:
4288:
2959:
Millward, Robert; Bell, Frances N. (1998). "Economic factors in the decline of mortality in late nineteenth century Britain".
1581:. Despite its brief pre-eminence, the period was characterised by its own unique architectural style, fashion, and lifestyle.
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4569:
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4778:
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3941:
2652:
Samuel R. Williamson Jr., "German Perceptions of the Triple Entente after 1911: Their Mounting Apprehensions Reconsidered"
2039:
1529:
said he was "the greatest figure who ever strode down Fleet Street". Harmsworth made a great deal of money, but during the
1130:
After 1805 the dominance of Britain's Royal Navy was unchallenged; in the 1890s Germany decided to match it. Grand Admiral
984:
855:
851:
642:
635:
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533:
1279:
There were numerous organisations which did their work quietly. After 1897, they were increasingly linked together by the
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4736:
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Cartriona M. Parratt, "Athletic 'Womanhood': Exploring sources for female sport in Victorian and Edwardian England."
2720:
2589:
2537:
1526:
737:
732:
4358:
Sutherland, Gillian. "Self-education, class and gender in Edwardian Britain: women in lower middle class families."
3955:(1969), annotated guide to 1000 history books on every major topic, plus book reviews and major scholarly articles.
1423:, and dressed in long skirts. The Edwardian era was the last time women wore corsets in everyday life. According to
529:
and did not vote, when the rich were not ashamed to live conspicuously, and the sun never set on the British flag."
6258:
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At Home in the Institution: Material Life in Asylums, Lodging Houses and Schools in Victorian and Edwardian England
1077:
argued it was "far more disadvantageous to us to have an unfriendly France and Russia than an unfriendly Germany".
670:
410:
2008:
as a tribute to their success in 1910. Sunderland achieved their fourth league title in 1901–02. The era also saw
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were all active. Military and brass bands often played outside in parks during the summer. The new technology of
645:. The Conservative Party was losing its drive and enthusiasm, especially after the retirement of the charismatic
246:
236:
3019:
Barbara Burman, "Made at Home by Clever Fingers: Home Dressmaking in Edwardian England," in Barbara Burman, ed.
2314:
Michael Childs, "Labour Grows Up: The Electoral System, Political Generations, and British Politics 1890–1929."
692:
workers into a movement previously dominated by the skilled workers; and new leisure activities, especially the
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Thomas Hoerber, "Prevail or perish: Anglo-German naval competition at the beginning of the twentieth century,"
1859:
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The Labour Party was emerging from the rapidly growing trade union movement after 1890. In 1903 it entered the
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5431:
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Roger Ottewill, "'Skilful and Industrious': Women and Congregationalism in Edwardian Hampshire 1901–1914."
1213:
shifted as women made use of the new technology to upgrade their lifestyle and their career opportunities.
1181:
1113:
1070:
684:
577:
2993:
Clive H. Lee, "Regional inequalities in infant mortality in Britain, 1861–1971: patterns and hypotheses."
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and demands for better working conditions. The aristocracy remained in control of top government offices.
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Pooley, Sian (2008). "Domestic Servants and Their Urban Employers: A Case Study of Lancaster 1880–1914".
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453:
4111:
Hughes, Michael. "Archbishop Davidson, the 'Edwardian Crisis,' and the Defense of the National Church."
4020:
3978:
Field, Clive D. "'The Faith Society'? Quantifying Religious Belonging in Edwardian Britain, 1901–1914."
588:
There was a growing political awareness among the working class, leading to a rise in trade unions, the
6547:
6448:
6288:
4872:
4486:
3555:. De La Haye, Amy., Tucker, Andrew (Fashion journalist) (4th ed.). New York: Thames & Hudson.
1950:
was under construction; automobiles were common; and the South Pole was reached for the first time by
6683:
6443:
6248:
6221:
5731:
5611:
5021:
3128:
3126:, "Gendering the Historiography of the Suffragette Movement in Edwardian Britain: some reflections."
2272:
David Dutton, "Unionist Politics and the aftermath of the General Election of 1906: A Reassessment."
1885:
1871:
1847:
1825:
1061:. Britain concluded agreements, limited to colonial affairs, with her two major colonial rivals: the
1016:
949:
900:
653:(that is, imposing tariffs or taxes on all imports), that drove many of the free traders over to the
3452:
Marilyn Constanzo, "'One Can't Shake Off the Women': Images of Sport and Gender in Punch, 1901–10."
6772:
6581:
6111:
5751:
5498:
4925:
4557:
4461:
3727:"The Edwardian Sense: Art, Design, and Performance in Britain, 1901–1910 | Reviews in History"
3386:
Davidoff, Lenore (1973). "Mastered for Life: Servant and Wife in Victorian and Edwardian England".
2889:
1975:
1821:
847:
688:
changes in the working-class were producing a younger generation that wanted to act independently.
549:
109:
4040:
3006:
J. M. Winter, "Aspects of the impact of the First World War on infant mortality in Britain."
2831:
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5763:
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4805:
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4631:
3143:
2065:
1805:
1097:
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1035:
829:
607:
537:
1501:
The new press, on the other hand, reached vastly larger audiences by emphasis on sports, crime,
6752:
6576:
5641:
5002:
4945:
4810:
4684:
4621:
4527:
4348:
Ross, Ellen. "'Fierce Questions and Taunts': Married Life in Working-Class London, 1870–1914."
4343:
Gendering the Historiography of the Suffragette Movement in Edwardian Britain: some reflections
3608:
Ann Beth Presley, "Fifty years of change: Societal attitudes and women's fashions, 1900–1950."
2017:
1837:
1766:
and talking machines, made live performances permanently available for repetition at any time.
1751:
1135:
1089:
994:
850:
rallied Liberals around the traditional platform of free trade and land reform and led them to
675:
657:
camp. Tariff reform was a losing issue that the Conservative leadership inexplicably clung to.
2769:
2527:
2123:
6731:
6571:
6527:
6390:
5976:
5153:
5076:
4367:
The World of the Edwardian Child: As Seen in Arthur Mee's Children's Encyclopaedia, 1908–1910
3649:
2579:
2033:
1867:
1205:
1066:
1043:
965:
921:
912:
772:, who spoke against the war, became increasingly influential. Nevertheless, Liberal Unionist
313:
4370:
2710:
1456:
The two-piece dress came into vogue. At the start of the decade, skirts were trumpet-shaped.
6591:
6532:
6497:
6385:
6358:
5869:
4710:
4509:
2366:
1986:
1982:
1971:
1881:
1296:
709:
610:– at the time called "Unionists" – were the dominant political party from the 1890s until
8:
6757:
6668:
6586:
6564:
6559:
6542:
6537:
6515:
6405:
6363:
4904:
4720:
4454:
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1955:
1897:
1851:
1801:
1790:
1695:
1627:
1189:
1185:
1025:
936:
788:
182:
6663:
6619:
6400:
6378:
6373:
6341:
6253:
5426:
5056:
4994:
4880:
4864:
4440:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4387:
4194:
4154:
4143:
4097:
3973:
Imperium of the soul: The political and aesthetic imagination of Edwardian imperialists
3956:
3946:
3931:
3699:
J. Lee Thompson, "Fleet Street Colossus: The Rise and Fall of Northcliffe, 1896–1922."
3531:
3422:
3368:
3308:
2976:
2566:
2508:
2448:
2413:
1877:
1813:
1747:
1651:
1569:
1484:, or tea gowns made of soft fabrics, festooned with ruffles and lace were worn indoors.
1292:
1234:
1131:
1054:
1031:
998:
932:
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907:
879:
871:
843:
773:
769:
705:
654:
646:
518:
326:
166:
4057:
3966:
3810:
David Littlefield, "White City: The Art of Erasure and Forgetting the Olympic Games."
1533:
he also wanted political power. For that he purchased the highest prestige newspaper,
1053:
Britain abandoned the policy of holding aloof from the continental powers, so called "
6678:
6624:
6226:
4204:
4176:
3991:
3752:
3712:
P. P. Catterall and Colin Seymour-Ure, "Northcliffe, Viscount." in John Ramsden, ed.
3655:
3589:
3566:
3556:
3519:
3509:
3484:
3426:
3418:
3372:
3351:
Benson, John (2007). "One Man and His Woman: Domestic Service in Edwardian England".
3331:
3243:
3149:
2793:
2716:
2620:
Sheila Blackburn, "Ideology and social policy: the origins of the Trade Boards Act."
2585:
2533:
2340:
Ian Packer, "The great Liberal landslide: the 1906 General Election in perspective."
2173:
2127:
1918:
1910:
1862:
style of architecture was widely favoured for public structures and was a revival of
1597:
1544:
1522:
1468:
In 1905, skirts fell in soft folds that curved in, then flared out near the hemlines.
1284:
1012:
945:
800:
784:
780:
720:
715:
The party also included Roman Catholics, including the notable Catholic intellectual
619:
209:
2382:
Nabil M. Kaylani, "Liberal Politics and British-Foreign-Office 1906-1912-Overview."
997:
depicts Lloyd George as a giant with a cudgel labelled "Budget" in reference to his
6673:
6656:
6651:
6634:
6614:
6420:
5273:
4800:
4646:
4494:
4317:
Delap, Lucy. "The Superwoman: Theories of Gender and Genius in Edwardian Britain",
4306:
3921:
The Edwardian Army: Recruiting, Training, and Deploying the British Army, 1902–1914
3880:
Tony Mason, "'Our Stephen and our Harold': Edwardian footballers as local heroes."
3414:
3360:
3300:
3235:
2968:
2500:
2405:
2013:
2000:
maintained their position as the pre-eminent football team of the era, winning the
1863:
1817:
1795:
1778:
was very popular and widespread; influential performers included male impersonator
1647:
1565:
1431:
1398:
1386:
1300:
1222:
1100:, and of British policy against any one power controlling the continent of Europe.
1062:
1039:
1028:, to the East sat Russia, whose rapid industrialization worried Berlin and Vienna.
1003:
696:
and sports, involved youth while repelling the older generation of Liberal voters.
390:
3226:
Knight, Patricia (1977). "Women and Abortion in Victorian and Edwardian England".
3209:
The Ascent of Woman: A History of the Suffragette Movement and the Ideas behind it
2669:
H.W. Koch, "The Anglo‐German Alliance Negotiations: Missed Opportunity or Myth?."
1929:
6346:
6236:
5927:
5887:
5133:
4896:
3953:
Modern Historians on British History 1485–1945: A Critical Bibliography 1945–1969
3823:
3744:
3034:
A magazine of her own?: domesticity and desire in the woman's magazine, 1800–1914
2504:
2100:
2044:
1933:
1922:
1774:
Cinema was primitive and audiences preferred live performances to picture shows.
1711:
1703:
1675:
1667:
1663:
1623:
1540:
1530:
1173:
746:
589:
499:
266:
46:
2029:
1577:
5959:
5840:
5778:
5339:
5222:
5172:
5118:
5071:
5066:
4986:
4848:
4545:
3901:
3726:
2753:
2396:
Glaser, John F. (1958). "English Nonconformity and the Decline of Liberalism".
2165:
2082:
2009:
1951:
1755:
1687:
1643:
1502:
1481:
1424:
1345:
1088:
The Triple Entente between Britain, France and Russia is often compared to the
1047:
1021:
940:
883:
875:
796:
751:
716:
631:
572:
561:
510:
104:
4133:
4123:
3840:
2972:
2918:
The Limits of Trade Union Militancy: The Lancashire Textile Workers, 1910–1914
1403:
1118:
989:
6746:
6015:
5576:
5474:
5464:
5258:
5123:
4539:
4490:
3523:
3364:
2884:
Yann Béliard, "Introduction: Revisiting the Great Labour Unrest, 1911-1914".
1914:
1843:
1759:
1715:
1659:
1655:
1441:
1349:
1322:
1317:
1273:
1238:
Oilette postcard with art by Phil May, published by Raphael Tuck & Sons,
893:
859:
817:
650:
514:
360:
278:
196:
162:
137:
114:
4310:
3869:
A sport-loving society: Victorian and Edwardian middle-class England at play
3570:
3328:
Legalizing Misandry:From Public Shame To Systemic Discrimination Against Men
2764:
K.A. Hamilton, "Great Britain and France, 1911–1914" in F. H. Hinsley, ed.,
2207:
Jon Lawrence, "Class and gender in the making of urban Toryism, 1880–1914."
1966:
1291:(WSPU). Founded in 1903, it was tightly controlled by the three Pankhursts,
5882:
5253:
5143:
5046:
5041:
4294:
4106:
Popular culture in London c. 1890–1918: The transformation of entertainment
4063:
3247:
2633:
2147:
1809:
1779:
1739:
1735:
1639:
1616:
in England and brought their art to the public. He followed it up with the
1517:
1475:
1210:
1169:
1163:
1015:
dominated European diplomacy from 1872 to 1890, with a policy of using the
522:
338:
300:
288:
256:
5191:
6368:
6298:
5138:
4266:
Ubbelohde, A. R. "Edwardian Science and Technology: Their Interactions",
3851:
A. R. Ubbelohde, "Edwardian Science and Technology: Their Interactions",
3304:
3239:
3123:
2233:
Marc Brodie, "Voting in the Victorian and Edwardian East End of London."
1997:
1944:
1937:
1855:
1783:
1699:
1679:
1671:
1582:
1561:
1341:
615:
526:
348:
56:
4247:
2980:
2801:
2657:
2512:
1459:
Skirts in 1901 often had decorated hems with ruffles of fabric and lace.
783:
took command in 1900, he initiated a scorched earth policy to foil Boer
5158:
4477:
4353:
4322:
4271:
4230:
4094:
Life below Stairs: The Real Life of Servants, the Edwardian Era to 1939
3856:
3673:
3671:
3312:
2905:
2417:
2005:
1775:
1763:
1743:
1731:
1511:
1478:
was introduced: a tight fitting skirt that restricted a woman's stride.
899:
Almost half of the Liberal MPs elected in 1906 were supportive of the "
834:
693:
623:
495:
494:
was a period in the early 20th century, that spanned the reign of King
78:
52:
2748:
Keith Robbins, "Grey, Edward, Viscount Grey of Fallodon (1862–1933)",
2554:
To Constitute a Nation: A Cultural History of Australia's Constitution
2285:
Andrew S. Thompson, "Tariff reform: an imperial strategy, 1903–1913."
776:, who was largely in charge of the war, maintained his hold on power.
6646:
6554:
4888:
4242:
Thackeray, David, "Rethinking the Edwardian Crisis of Conservatism",
3325:
3291:(1978). "Women and the Poor Law in Victorian and Edwardian England".
3288:
1683:
1589:
1535:
1365:
804:
787:
tactics. Captured Boer combatants were transported overseas to other
565:
4261:
Edwardian Opulence: British Art at the Dawn of the Twentieth Century
4184:
Edwardian England and the Idea of Racial Decline: An Empire's Future
3668:
2565:
Goldman, Lawrence. "Oxford DNB theme: The general election of 1906"
2409:
1884:, was the first Olympic Stadium in the UK. Built on the site of the
1188:. It was modern Britain's worst labour unrest and compares with the
6507:
5179:
4521:
1793:. In 1908, he had four plays running simultaneously in London, and
1707:
1613:
1058:
503:
83:
1373:
a child was best left under maternal care until the age of seven.
889:
614:. The party had many strengths, appealing to voters supportive of
6333:
4006:
History of the English People: Imperialism and the Rise of Labour
2780:
Gerd Krumeich, "The War Imagined: 1890–1914." in John Horne, ed.
1609:
1601:
1445:
545:
541:
525:
described the Edwardian era as a "leisurely time when women wore
3896:
3828:
The Lost World of Mitchell and Kenyon: Edwardian Britain on Film
3021:
The Culture of Sewing: Gender, Consumption, and Home Dressmaking
1730:
Live performances, both amateur and professional, were popular.
903:", which advocated government action to improve people's lives.
6629:
4017:
History of the English People: The Rule of Democracy, 1905–1914
2867:
2865:
2220:
Matthew Roberts, "Popular Conservatism in Britain, 1832–1914."
2001:
1714:
emerged. Among the most famous works of literary criticism was
1600:, London. This exhibition was the first to prominently feature
1420:
1416:
498:
from 1901 to 1910. It is commonly extended to the start of the
974:
6606:
4446:
4220:(Oxford University Press, 2004), wide-ranging survey, 952 pp.
3060:
The white-blouse revolution: female office workers since 1870
1605:
1444:, trimmed hats, and parasols were often used as accessories.
2871:
Arthur J Taylor, "The Economy", in Simon Nowell-Smith, ed.,
2862:
552:. Women started (again) to play more of a role in politics.
1691:
1435:
1172:
in 1910-1914. The extreme agitation included the 1910-1911
1157:
931:
Conservative peers in the House of Lords tried to stop the
741:
The medical staff of No. 1 Stationary Hospital at Ladysmith
146:
4170:
The Edwardian age : conflict and stability, 1900-1914
3714:
The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century British Politics
3623:
Victorian & Edwardian Fashions for Women, 1840 to 1919
133:
4128:
Lambert, Andrew D., Robert J. Blyth, and Jan Rüger, eds.
3841:"The Lost World Of Mitchell And Kenyon – Episode 1 – 4/6"
3586:
Victorian and Edwardian Fashions from "La Mode Illustrée"
4336:
Rebel Girls: How votes for women changed Edwardian lives
4329:
Girls growing up in late Victorian and Edwardian England
4012:; highly detailed political and foreign policy history.
3651:
Victorian & Edwardian Fashion: A Photographic Survey
3483:(Second ed.). Basingstoke: Macmillan. p. 151.
3266:
McLaren, Angus (1977). "Abortion in England 1890–1914".
3073:
Girls growing up in late-Victorian and Edwardian England
2616:
2614:
1943:, had sailed on its maiden voyage and her larger sister
1917:. The first transatlantic wireless signals were sent by
4225:
Sires, Ronald V. "Labor Unrest in England, 1910–1914."
4023:; highly detailed political and foreign policy history.
2900:
Ronald V. Sires, "Labor Unrest in England, 1910–1914."
1385:
Edwardian Britain had large numbers of male and female
1348:
addressing the crowds during the chain makers' strike,
962:
International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)
4299:
Women and the Revival of Interest in Domestic Politics
2310:
2308:
3508:(1st U.S. ed.). New York: St. Martin's Griffin.
2611:
2384:
International Review of History and Political Science
630:
twentieth century, the Conservative government, with
2931:
The remaking of the British working class, 1840–1940
1521:
to transform the media along the American model of "
1336:
1199:
6320:
4516:
Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale
4201:
A History of England, Volume 2: 1688 to the present
3481:
The Deluge. British Society and the First World War
2305:
1434:, mousse line de sore, tulle with feather boas and
4163:(1964), 620pp; 15 wide-ranging essays by scholars.
4151:A life apart: The English working class, 1890–1914
3928:The Age of Upheaval: Edwardian Politics, 1899–1914
3677:R.C.K. Ensor, England, 1870–1914 (1936) pp 309–16.
2855:Jean-Pierre Dormois and Michael Dintenfass, eds.,
2195:The Age of Upheaval: Edwardian Politics, 1899–1914
1874:styles of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
1287:. However, front page publicity was seized by the
1042:linking France and Great Britain, and finally the
4376:
4237:Great Britain: empire and commonwealth, 1886–1935
3882:The International Journal of the History of Sport
3799:Edwardian Architecture: A Biographical Dictionary
3454:The International journal of the history of sport
2486:
2484:
2482:
928:Liberals extended minimum wages to farm workers.
858:was overshadowed by his frontbench, most notably
6744:
5098:Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
4576:Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein
3647:
3330:. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 126.
2798:Tirpitz: Architect of the German High Seas Fleet
2737:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914
1057:", in the 1900s after being isolated during the
578:because it had been prepared and readied for war
4588:Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
4254:The Edwardians: The Remaking of British Society
4211:Liberal landslide: the general election of 1906
3441:Edwardian England 1901–15: society and politics
5103:Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
4293:
4153:(Harvard UP, 1977), scholarly social history.
3326:Paul Nathanson and Katherine K. Young (2006).
3184:"The Struggle for Suffrage | Historic England"
3141:
2479:
1789:The most successful playwright of the era was
27:Historical period in Britain from 1901 to 1910
5207:
4462:
3641:
2954:
2952:
2697:The Struggle for Mastery in Europe, 1848–1918
2577:
2525:
2047:, near concurrent period in the United States
2020:(1907–08) winning their first league titles.
1638:In fiction, some of the best-known names are
513:in January 1901, which marked the end of the
471:
4259:Trumble, Angus, and Andrea Wolk Rager, eds.
3553:Costume and fashion : a concise history
3550:
3536:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2958:
2766:British Foreign Policy Under Sir Edward Grey
2077:
2075:
1575:The Edwardian era corresponds to the French
1281:National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies
5221:
4384:Documents from Edwardian England, 1901–1915
3145:Britain, 1846–1964: The Challenge of Change
2529:Winston Churchill: A Biographical Companion
2117:
1507:Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe
975:Ties with France and Russia against Germany
886:, but eventually became law in April 1910.
5214:
5200:
4564:Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine
4469:
4455:
4428:Statistical Abstract of the United Kingdom
4268:British Journal for the History of Science
4069:The Age of Decadence: Britain 1880 to 1914
3853:British Journal for the History of Science
3261:
3259:
3257:
2949:
2815:The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914
2300:The Conservative Party: from Peel to Major
2261:The Conservative Party: from Peel to Major
2081:
1816:. The actor/manager system, as managed by
1107:
478:
464:
45:
3743:
3221:
3219:
3217:
2099:
2072:
1904:
1430:Fabrics were usually sweet pea shades in
1229:
4218:A new England?: peace and war, 1886–1918
4199:Roberts, Clayton, and David F. Roberts.
3895:
3385:
3379:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3277:
2750:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,
2708:
2606:Liberal government and politics, 1905–15
2490:
2474:A new England?: peace and war, 1886–1918
2329:A new England?: peace and war, 1886–1918
2152:A New England?: Peace and War, 1886–1918
2066:"Manor House. Edwardian Life | PBS"
1965:
1560:
1462:Some dresses and skirts featured trains.
1402:
1340:
1233:
1158:Great Unrest: labour upheavals 1910–1914
1117:
988:
888:
833:
736:
674:
502:in 1914, during the early reign of King
6778:History of the United Kingdom by period
4239:(1936) pp 159–401, Focus on UK politics
4045:Hawkins, Alun. "Edwardian Liberalism",
3919:Bowman, Timothy, and Mark L. Connelly.
3911:Edwardian Britain: A Very Brief History
3751:. London: Heinemann. pp. 176–178.
3478:
3388:Society for the Study of Labour History
3265:
3254:
2353:John W. Auld, "The Liberal Pro-Boers."
2170:The Rise and Fall of the British Empire
2032:, a concurrent period of prosperity in
1936:by air; the largest ship in the world,
1178:1911 Liverpool general transport strike
14:
6745:
4963:The Christening of the Prince of Wales
4774:King Edward VII School, Melton Mowbray
4600:Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg
4552:Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4072:(2017), wide-ranging scholarly survey.
3467:Clothing and Textiles Research Journal
3404:
3398:
3350:
3344:
3225:
3214:
3112:Women's suffrage in Britain, 1867–1928
2944:International Review of Social History
2395:
2192:
2146:
1909:The period featured many innovations.
1267:Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
970:Timeline of British diplomatic history
823:
602:History of the Conservative Party (UK)
6319:
5195:
4757:King Edward VII and Queen Mary School
4570:Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4450:
4130:The Dreadnought and the Edwardian age
4120:Asquith: portrait of a man and an era
3583:
3287:
3274:
2164:
1509:was the chief innovator. He used his
595:
6783:Modern history of the United Kingdom
4779:King Edward VII School, Johannesburg
4277:
3985:
3942:The Strange Death of Liberal England
3008:Journal of European Economic History
2684:Before the war: studies in diplomacy
2532:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 311.
2445:The Strange Death of Liberal England
2371:Votes for women in Britain 1867–1928
2158:
2040:Historiography of the United Kingdom
1618:Second Post-Impressionist Exhibition
1001:; Asquith cowers beneath the table.
955:
4970:The Marriage of the Prince of Wales
3988:The Edwardians: Secrets and Desires
3654:. Courier Corporation. p. 94.
3181:
2961:European Review of Economic History
1471:From 1905 to 1907, waistlines rose.
1260:
1253:rapidly expanding world of sports.
939:to sharply reduce the power of the
679:Leaders of the Labour Party in 1906
509:The era is dated from the death of
24:
6788:20th century in the United Kingdom
4582:Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll
4077:London Clerical Workers, 1880–1914
3891:
3688:Politicians and the War, 1914–1916
3503:
2463:(1984) pp 113, 121; Ensor. p. 430.
1769:
1380:
1289:Women's Social and Political Union
532:The Liberals returned to power in
25:
6799:
4769:King Edward VII School, Sheffield
4303:The Case for Women's Suffrage
4193:(1972) 288pp; survey by scholar.
4084:Pocket Guide to Edwardian England
3990:. National Gallery of Australia.
2316:Twentieth Century British History
1974:in London: The water jump in the
1762:and gramophone records played on
1594:Manet and the Post-Impressionists
1337:Poverty among working-class women
1221:by central and local government.
1200:Social change and improved health
733:Opposition to the Second Boer War
4716:King Edward VII-class battleship
3923:(Oxford University Press, 2012).
3874:
3861:
3845:
3833:
3588:. New York: Dover Publications.
3419:10.1111/j.1468-0289.2008.00459.x
2016:(1904–05, 1906–07, 1908–09) and
1854:. In spite of the popularity of
1310:
985:Germany–United Kingdom relations
838:Liberal poster for 1906 election
699:
671:History of the Labour Party (UK)
438:Political history (1979–present)
145:
132:
6322:Countries of the United Kingdom
5422:Countries of the United Kingdom
4858:Jennie: Lady Randolph Churchill
4784:King Edward VII School, Taiping
3817:
3804:
3791:
3778:
3765:
3737:
3719:
3706:
3693:
3680:
3628:
3615:
3602:
3577:
3544:
3497:
3472:
3459:
3446:
3433:
3319:
3201:
3175:
3162:
3135:
3117:
3104:
3091:
3078:
3065:
3052:
3039:
3026:
3013:
3000:
2987:
2936:
2923:
2910:
2894:
2878:
2849:
2836:
2820:
2807:
2787:
2774:
2758:
2742:
2729:
2702:
2689:
2676:
2663:
2646:
2627:
2598:
2571:
2559:
2546:
2519:
2466:
2453:
2437:
2424:
2389:
2376:
2360:
2347:
2334:
2321:
2292:
2279:
2266:
2253:
2240:
2227:
1989:favoured by the working class.
1831:
1295:(1858–1928), and her daughters
981:France–United Kingdom relations
664:
5417:Counties of the United Kingdom
4794:King Edward Medical University
4762:King Edward VII School, Lytham
4654:State and official visits made
4594:Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany
4476:
4377:Primary sources and year books
4079:(Pickering & Chatto, 2011)
4054:Edwardian England AD 1901–1910
3099:Family & Community History
2929:Andrew Miles and Mike Savage,
2857:The British Industrial Decline
2398:The American Historical Review
2214:
2201:
2197:. Manchester University Press.
2186:
2140:
2118:Battiscombe, Georgina (1969).
2111:
2093:
2058:
854:in Liberal Party history. The
852:the greatest electoral victory
820:was the first prime minister.
649:. There was a bitter split on
555:
13:
1:
4321:(2004) 47#1 pp. 101–126
4246:(2011) 54#1 pp. 191–213
4060:294pp; 10 essays by scholars.
2752:(2004; online edition, 2011)
2476:(Oxford UP, 20040 pp 275–307.
2172:. Little, Brown and Company.
2122:. London: Constable. p.
2051:
1808:, and Continental imports by
1633:
1492:
1239:
443:Social history (1979–present)
228:
215:
201:
188:
128:
60:
6189:Universal basic income (UBI)
5149:King Edward VII's Town Coach
4837:The Coronation of Edward VII
4270:(1963) 1#3 pp. 217–226
4203:(2013) university textbook;
4172:(1979), 8 essays by scholars
4049:(1977) No. 4 pp. 143–61
3980:Journal of Religious History
3625:(Schiffer Publishing, 1995).
2873:Edwardian England: 1901–1914
1842:Notable architects included
1182:National coal strike of 1912
1114:Anglo-German naval arms race
1071:Anglo-German naval arms race
1065:with France in 1904 and the
810:
795:Many of the internees died.
411:Post-war Britain (political)
110:Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman
7:
6763:1900s in the United Kingdom
6194:Water supply and sanitation
5893:Weapons of mass destruction
5878:His Majesty's Naval Service
4437:The British Empire yearbook
4227:Journal of Economic History
4113:Journal of Church and State
3504:J., Stevenson, N. (2012) .
3407:The Economic History Review
3170:Suffrage and the Pankhursts
2933:(Routledge, 2013). pp 80–81
2902:Journal of Economic History
2638:Agricultural history review
2608:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2006).
2023:
1992:
1556:
1358:Poor Law Amendment Act 1834
745:The government entered the
726:
583:
490:In the United Kingdom, the
10:
6804:
6768:1910 in the United Kingdom
6289:Stereotypes of the British
4874:The Duchess of Duke Street
4487:King of the United Kingdom
4360:Oxford Review of Education
4186:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2013)
4179:. Bibliography pp 389–417.
4161:Edwardian England, 1901–14
4032:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2014)
3965:(1936), scholarly survey.
3867:James Anthony Mangan, ed.
2782:A Companion to World War I
2355:Journal of British Studies
2154:. Oxford University Press.
2107:. pp. 55–56, 288–290.
1835:
1396:
1392:
1264:
1161:
1144:
1111:
978:
959:
935:. The Liberals passed the
924:. Under the leadership of
827:
730:
668:
599:
6704:
6605:
6506:
6454:First Minister and deputy
6419:
6332:
6328:
6315:
6311:
6212:
6052:
6043:
6001:
5918:
5909:
5868:
5809:
5678:
5674:
5665:
5527:
5455:
5407:
5403:
5394:
5327:
5239:
5230:
5167:
5111:
5085:
5034:
5022:Edward VII 2d Tyrian plum
5014:
4979:
4954:
4916:
4828:
4819:
4703:
4672:
4609:
4502:
4484:
4159:Nowell-Smith, Simon, ed.
4140:Modern England, 1885–1945
4052:Hearnshaw, F. J. C., ed.
3648:Alison Gernsheim (1963).
2973:10.1017/S1361491698000124
2584:. Heinemann. p. 42.
2209:English Historical Review
1983:1908 Summer Olympic Games
1925:flew for the first time.
1913:published his studies on
1886:Franco-British Exhibition
1848:Charles Rennie Mackintosh
1826:Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree
1592:organised the exhibition
1046:in 1907 which became the
1017:European balance of power
950:Irish Parliamentary Party
421:Post-war Britain (social)
347:
325:
311:
299:
287:
265:
141:
131:
123:
92:
71:
44:
39:
34:
6082:Environmental inequality
4926:King Edward VII Memorial
4844:"Guest of Honour" (1972)
4558:Victoria, German Empress
4431:annual 1901–1909, online
3826:and Simon Popple, eds.,
3479:Marwick, Arthur (1991).
3365:10.1179/174581607X264793
3148:. Oxford UP. p. 8.
3086:Journal of Sport History
2830:(2011) 20#1, pp. 65–79.
2263:(2nd ed. 1985) pp 174–75
2211:108.428 (1993): 629–652.
1961:
1725:
993:"Wild Fare". Cartoonist
848:Henry Campbell-Bannerman
685:Gladstone–MacDonald pact
550:industrial working class
5129:Lady Randolph Churchill
5062:Lady Susan Vane-Tempest
4752:King Edward VII Academy
4664:Death and state funeral
4285:Economic History Review
4088:excerpt and text search
3915:excerpt and text search
3855:(1963) 1#3 pp. 217–226
3142:Martin Roberts (2001).
2802:excerpt and text search
2673:54#182 (1969): 378–392.
2654:Foreign Policy Analysis
2289:40#4 (1997): 1033–1054.
1928:By the end of the era,
1891:
1806:Harley Granville Barker
1204:By the late-1880s, the
1108:Naval race with Germany
1094:Franco-Russian Alliance
1036:Franco-Russian Alliance
866:at the Foreign Office,
830:Liberal welfare reforms
5968:Science and technology
5004:Flashman and the Tiger
4946:Peace Statue, Brighton
4811:King Edward VII Stakes
4685:Edwardian architecture
4622:Royal baccarat scandal
4528:Louise, Princess Royal
4287:70.3 (2017): 837–858.
4229:15.3 (1955): 246-266.
4108:(Manchester UP, 2001).
3975:(Manchester UP, 2017).
3904:
3584:Olian, JoAnne (1998).
3188:historicengland.org.uk
3129:Women's History Review
3047:Women's History Review
2904:15.3 (1955): 246-266.
2709:Strachan, Hew (2005).
2640:57.2 (2009): 257–274.
2622:The Historical Journal
2578:Rosemary Rees (2003).
2526:Chris Wrigley (2002).
2193:Brooks, David (1995).
1978:
1905:Science and technology
1838:Edwardian architecture
1752:Ralph Vaughan Williams
1572:
1554:
1412:
1353:
1245:
1230:Rising status of women
1127:
1008:
995:John Bernard Partridge
896:
870:at the War Office and
868:Richard Burdon Haldane
839:
742:
680:
5945:Free trade agreements
5154:Marlborough House set
5077:Patsy Cornwallis-West
4659:State visits received
4540:Maud, Queen of Norway
4362:41#4 (2015): 518–533.
4352:8.3 (1982): 575–602.
4115:57#2 (2015): 217–242.
4082:Holland, Evangeline.
3971:Etherington, Norman.
3947:online free to borrow
3899:
3703:25.1 (2006): 115–138.
3701:Parliamentary History
3612:60#2 (1998): 307–324.
3551:Laver, James (2002).
3469:21#3 (2003): 101–119.
3353:Labour History Review
3132:22#4 (2013): 576–590.
3088:16#2 (1989): 140–157.
3049:10#3 (2001): 463–482.
2946:53#2 (2008): 261–292.
2886:Labour History Review
2699:(1954) pp 345, 403–26
2505:10520/AJA03768902_608
2276:22#4 (1979): 861–876.
2250:20#2 (2001): 209–231.
2248:Parliamentary History
2237:23.2 (2004): 225–248.
2235:Parliamentary History
2224:26.3 (2007): 387–410.
2222:Parliamentary History
1969:
1720:Shakespearean Tragedy
1564:
1549:
1406:
1397:Further information:
1344:
1265:Further information:
1237:
1206:Industrial Revolution
1121:
1067:Anglo-Russian Entente
1044:Anglo-Russian Entente
1011:Germany's Chancellor
992:
979:Further information:
966:Causes of World War I
960:Further information:
922:Trade Boards Act 1918
913:Trade Boards Act 1909
892:
837:
740:
678:
669:Further information:
600:Further information:
6294:World Heritage Sites
6087:Environmental issues
5791:Female party leaders
5432:Overseas territories
4906:Victoria & Abdul
4711:King Edward VII Land
4510:Alexandra of Denmark
4422:Annual Register 1907
4415:Annual Register 1906
4408:Annual Register 1903
4401:Annual Register 1902
4394:Annual Register 1901
4338:(Hachette UK, 2015).
4182:Prior, Christopher.
4146:political narrative.
3812:Architectural Design
3788:(1970), pp. 172–176.
3775:(1970), pp. 132–139.
2813:Margaret Macmillan,
2656:7#2 (2011): 205–214
2443:George Dangerfield,
2357:14#2 (1975): 78–101.
2318:6#2 (1995): 123–144.
2012:(1900–01, 1905–06),
1972:1908 Summer Olympics
1882:1908 Summer Olympics
1822:Sir George Alexander
1297:Christabel Pankhurst
4931:Edward VII Monument
4829:Film and television
4435:Wall, Edgar G. ed.
4205:1985 edition online
4149:Meacham, Standish.
4142:(1948) pp 169–358.
3986:Gray, Anne (2004).
3982:37.1 (2013): 39–63.
3937:Dangerfield, George
3884:13#1 (1996): 71–85.
3814:82#1 (2012): 70–77.
3456:19#1 (2002): 31–56.
3182:England, Historic.
3101:19#1 (2016): 50–62.
2997:45.1 (1991): 55–65.
2888:(2014) 79#1: 1–17.
2846:(2017) 24#4 414-37.
2754:accessed 5 Nov 2017
2735:Christopher Clark,
2712:The First World War
2624:34#1 (1991): 43–64.
2386:12.3 (1975): 17–48.
2036:and mainland Europe
1956:Robert Falcon Scott
1898:Mitchell and Kenyon
1852:Giles Gilbert Scott
1802:George Bernard Shaw
1791:W. Somerset Maugham
1696:George Bernard Shaw
1628:statue of Peter Pan
1190:1926 general strike
1186:1913 Dublin lockout
1073:. British diplomat
1026:Franco-Prussian War
937:Parliament Act 1911
824:The Liberal reforms
789:British possessions
538:significant reforms
183:Prehistoric Britain
5988:Telecommunications
5940:Economic geography
5796:Political scandals
5427:Crown Dependencies
5093:Royal Family Order
5057:Hortense Schneider
4996:And Having Writ...
4866:Edward the Seventh
4382:Read, Donald, ed.
4345:(Routledge, 2016).
4334:Liddington, Jill.
4331:(Routledge, 2012).
4319:Historical Journal
4244:Historical Journal
3905:
3871:(Routledge, 2004).
3686:Lord Beaverbrook,
3638:5#1 (2012): 18–34.
3305:10.1093/hwj/6.1.29
3240:10.1093/hwj/4.1.57
3207:Melanie Phillips,
3075:(Routledge, 2012).
3058:Gregory Anderson,
3036:(Routledge, 2003).
3032:Margaret Beetham,
2995:Population Studies
2875:(1964) pp. 105–138
2686:(1936), pp 87–186.
2581:Britain, 1890–1939
2434:(1936) pp 384–420.
2344:89#1 (2006): 8–16.
2331:(2004), pp 185–87.
2287:Historical Journal
2274:Historical Journal
1979:
1878:White City Stadium
1828:, was in decline.
1814:Gerhardt Hauptmann
1748:George Butterworth
1652:Arthur Conan Doyle
1588:In November 1910,
1573:
1570:Kensington Gardens
1413:
1354:
1293:Emmeline Pankhurst
1246:
1132:Alfred von Tirpitz
1128:
1055:Splendid Isolation
1038:of 1894, the 1904
1032:Joseph Chamberlain
1009:
926:David Lloyd George
908:National Insurance
897:
894:H. H. Asquith
872:David Lloyd George
862:at the Exchequer,
860:H. H. Asquith
840:
801:Fawcett Commission
774:Joseph Chamberlain
770:David Lloyd George
743:
710:classical liberals
681:
647:Joseph Chamberlain
596:Conservative Party
519:continental Europe
115:H. H. Asquith
6740:
6739:
6700:
6699:
6696:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6307:
6306:
6039:
6038:
5905:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5786:Political parties
5710:Foreign relations
5661:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5390:
5389:
5367:Mass surveillance
5345:Foreign relations
5278:Second World War
5189:
5188:
5030:
5029:
4790:Higher Education
4534:Princess Victoria
4491:British Dominions
4278:Gender and family
4191:Edwardian England
4168:O'Day, Alan, ed.
4138:Marriott, J.A.R.
4132:(Ashgate, 2011).
4104:Horrall, Andrew.
4075:Heller, Michael.
4035:Hattersley, Roy.
3963:England 1870–1914
3758:978-0-434-60332-9
3661:978-0-486-24205-7
3621:Kristina Harris,
3490:978-0-333-54846-2
3443:(1972) pp 257–58.
3268:Victorian Studies
3010:11.3 (1982): 713.
2916:Joseph L. White,
2828:European Security
2794:Michael Epkenhans
2493:English in Africa
2432:England 1870–1914
2179:978-0-3491-0667-0
2133:978-0-0945-6560-9
2018:Manchester United
1919:Guglielmo Marconi
1911:Ernest Rutherford
1860:Edwardian Baroque
1710:" literature and
1598:Grafton Galleries
1545:Colin Seymour-Ure
1523:Yellow Journalism
1387:domestic servants
1285:Millicent Fawcett
1013:Otto von Bismarck
956:Foreign relations
781:General Kitchener
620:Church of England
488:
487:
429:
428:
210:Sub-Roman Britain
157:
156:
153:
152:
16:(Redirected from
6795:
6720:
6713:
6421:Northern Ireland
6330:
6329:
6317:
6316:
6313:
6312:
6050:
6049:
5963:
5916:
5915:
5774:House of Commons
5742:Local government
5676:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5582:Renewable energy
5567:hydroelectricity
5405:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5237:
5236:
5216:
5209:
5202:
5193:
5192:
4936:Bangalore statue
4826:
4825:
4801:Eduardo VII Park
4737:Falkland Islands
4647:Coronation cases
4495:Emperor of India
4471:
4464:
4457:
4448:
4447:
4365:Tracy, Michael.
4350:Feminist Studies
4327:Dyhouse, Carol.
4314:
4252:Thompson, Paul.
4047:History Workshop
4001:
3961:Ensor, R. C. K.
3885:
3878:
3872:
3865:
3859:
3849:
3843:
3839:see for example
3837:
3831:
3821:
3815:
3808:
3802:
3795:
3789:
3784:J. B. Priestley
3782:
3776:
3771:J. B. Priestley
3769:
3763:
3762:
3745:Priestley, J. B.
3741:
3735:
3734:
3723:
3717:
3710:
3704:
3697:
3691:
3684:
3678:
3675:
3666:
3665:
3645:
3639:
3632:
3626:
3619:
3613:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3535:
3527:
3501:
3495:
3494:
3476:
3470:
3463:
3457:
3450:
3444:
3437:
3431:
3430:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3293:History Workshop
3285:
3272:
3271:
3263:
3252:
3251:
3228:History Workshop
3223:
3212:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3194:
3179:
3173:
3166:
3160:
3159:
3139:
3133:
3121:
3115:
3108:
3102:
3095:
3089:
3082:
3076:
3069:
3063:
3056:
3050:
3043:
3037:
3030:
3024:
3017:
3011:
3004:
2998:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2956:
2947:
2940:
2934:
2927:
2921:
2914:
2908:
2898:
2892:
2882:
2876:
2869:
2860:
2853:
2847:
2840:
2834:
2824:
2818:
2811:
2805:
2791:
2785:
2778:
2772:
2762:
2756:
2746:
2740:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2706:
2700:
2693:
2687:
2680:
2674:
2667:
2661:
2650:
2644:
2631:
2625:
2618:
2609:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2488:
2477:
2470:
2464:
2457:
2451:
2441:
2435:
2430:R. C. K. Ensor,
2428:
2422:
2421:
2393:
2387:
2380:
2374:
2364:
2358:
2351:
2345:
2338:
2332:
2325:
2319:
2312:
2303:
2302:(1985) pp 175–89
2296:
2290:
2283:
2277:
2270:
2264:
2257:
2251:
2244:
2238:
2231:
2225:
2218:
2212:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2101:Priestley, J. B.
2097:
2091:
2090:
2079:
2070:
2069:
2062:
2014:Newcastle United
1932:had crossed the
1864:Christopher Wren
1818:Sir Henry Irving
1648:G. K. Chesterton
1566:Peter Pan statue
1547:conclude that:
1527:Lord Beaverbrook
1482:Lingerie dresses
1399:1900s in fashion
1301:Sylvia Pankhurst
1299:(1880–1958) and
1261:Women's suffrage
1244:
1241:
1223:Infant mortality
1098:Treaty of London
1063:Entente Cordiale
1040:Entente Cordiale
767:
766:
762:
759:
480:
473:
466:
401:Second World War
391:Interwar Britain
230:
217:
203:
190:
179:
178:
159:
158:
149:
136:
129:
65:
62:
49:
32:
31:
21:
6803:
6802:
6798:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6793:
6792:
6773:Historical eras
6743:
6742:
6741:
6736:
6723:
6716:
6709:
6688:
6601:
6502:
6415:
6324:
6303:
6208:
6164:Public holidays
6144:Life expectancy
6035:
5997:
5977:London Exchange
5973:Stock exchanges
5961:
5960:Pound sterling
5928:Bank of England
5897:
5888:Royal Air Force
5864:
5805:
5737:Law enforcement
5653:
5562:hydraulic frac.
5523:
5504:Lakes and lochs
5451:
5447:Former colonies
5386:
5382:Women's history
5357:Law enforcement
5323:
5269:First World War
5226:
5220:
5190:
5185:
5163:
5134:Sarah Bernhardt
5107:
5081:
5026:
5010:
4975:
4950:
4918:
4912:
4898:The Lost Prince
4815:
4723:King Edward VII
4699:
4690:Prime ministers
4668:
4605:
4498:
4480:
4475:
4445:
4439:(1903), 1276pp
4379:
4280:
4209:Russell, A. K.
4028:Hamlett, Jane.
4015:Halévy, Elie.
4004:Halévy, Elie.
3998:
3926:Brooks, David.
3894:
3892:Further reading
3889:
3888:
3879:
3875:
3866:
3862:
3850:
3846:
3838:
3834:
3824:Vanessa Toulmin
3822:
3818:
3809:
3805:
3796:
3792:
3783:
3779:
3770:
3766:
3759:
3742:
3738:
3725:
3724:
3720:
3711:
3707:
3698:
3694:
3685:
3681:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3646:
3642:
3633:
3629:
3620:
3616:
3607:
3603:
3596:
3582:
3578:
3563:
3549:
3545:
3529:
3528:
3516:
3502:
3498:
3491:
3477:
3473:
3464:
3460:
3451:
3447:
3438:
3434:
3403:
3399:
3384:
3380:
3349:
3345:
3338:
3324:
3320:
3286:
3275:
3264:
3255:
3224:
3215:
3211:(Abacus, 2004).
3206:
3202:
3192:
3190:
3180:
3176:
3167:
3163:
3156:
3140:
3136:
3122:
3118:
3109:
3105:
3096:
3092:
3083:
3079:
3071:Carol Dyhouse,
3070:
3066:
3057:
3053:
3044:
3040:
3031:
3027:
3018:
3014:
3005:
3001:
2992:
2988:
2957:
2950:
2941:
2937:
2928:
2924:
2915:
2911:
2899:
2895:
2883:
2879:
2870:
2863:
2854:
2850:
2841:
2837:
2825:
2821:
2812:
2808:
2792:
2788:
2784:(2012) pp 1–18.
2779:
2775:
2763:
2759:
2747:
2743:
2734:
2730:
2723:
2707:
2703:
2695:A.J.P. Taylor,
2694:
2690:
2681:
2677:
2668:
2664:
2651:
2647:
2632:
2628:
2619:
2612:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2576:
2572:
2564:
2560:
2551:
2547:
2540:
2524:
2520:
2489:
2480:
2471:
2467:
2458:
2454:
2442:
2438:
2429:
2425:
2410:10.2307/1849549
2394:
2390:
2381:
2377:
2365:
2361:
2352:
2348:
2339:
2335:
2326:
2322:
2313:
2306:
2297:
2293:
2284:
2280:
2271:
2267:
2258:
2254:
2245:
2241:
2232:
2228:
2219:
2215:
2206:
2202:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2166:James, Lawrence
2163:
2159:
2145:
2141:
2134:
2120:Queen Alexandra
2116:
2112:
2098:
2094:
2083:Hattersley, Roy
2080:
2073:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2054:
2045:Progressive Era
2026:
1995:
1964:
1934:English Channel
1923:Wright brothers
1907:
1894:
1880:, used for the
1858:in Europe, the
1840:
1834:
1772:
1770:Performing arts
1728:
1712:popular fiction
1704:P. G. Wodehouse
1676:Rudyard Kipling
1668:Kenneth Grahame
1664:John Galsworthy
1636:
1624:George Frampton
1559:
1541:P. P. Catterall
1531:First World War
1495:
1442:Long kid gloves
1401:
1395:
1383:
1381:Female servants
1339:
1313:
1283:(NUWSS) led by
1269:
1263:
1242:
1232:
1202:
1174:Tonypandy riots
1166:
1160:
1147:
1116:
1110:
1090:Triple Alliance
1075:Arthur Nicolson
999:People's Budget
987:
977:
972:
958:
933:People's Budget
880:People's Budget
832:
826:
813:
764:
760:
757:
755:
747:Second Boer War
735:
729:
702:
673:
667:
651:"tariff reform"
618:, tariffs, the
604:
598:
590:Labour movement
586:
558:
500:First World War
484:
448:
447:
434:
381:First World War
176:
167:English history
143:First World War
127:
119:
88:
67:
63:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6801:
6791:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6738:
6737:
6735:
6734:
6729:
6722:
6721:
6714:
6706:
6705:
6702:
6701:
6698:
6697:
6694:
6693:
6690:
6689:
6687:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6660:
6659:
6649:
6644:
6643:
6642:
6640:First Minister
6637:
6632:
6622:
6617:
6611:
6609:
6603:
6602:
6600:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6568:
6567:
6557:
6552:
6551:
6550:
6548:First Minister
6545:
6540:
6530:
6525:
6524:
6523:
6512:
6510:
6504:
6503:
6501:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6474:
6473:
6463:
6458:
6457:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6436:
6431:
6425:
6423:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6382:
6381:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6355:
6354:
6349:
6338:
6336:
6326:
6325:
6309:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6302:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6245:
6244:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6218:
6216:
6210:
6209:
6207:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6115:
6114:
6109:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6053:
6047:
6041:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6031:Rail transport
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6007:
6005:
5999:
5998:
5996:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5970:
5965:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5931:
5930:
5919:
5913:
5907:
5906:
5903:
5902:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5880:
5874:
5872:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5860:
5853:Prime Minister
5850:
5849:
5848:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5827:
5826:
5815:
5813:
5807:
5806:
5804:
5803:
5801:Shadow Cabinet
5798:
5793:
5788:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5779:House of Lords
5776:
5766:
5761:
5760:
5759:
5754:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5723:
5722:
5712:
5707:
5706:
5705:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5679:
5669:
5663:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5650:
5649:
5644:
5636:
5635:
5634:
5629:
5621:
5616:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5596:
5595:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5539:
5533:
5531:
5525:
5524:
5522:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5490:
5489:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5472:
5461:
5459:
5453:
5452:
5450:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5413:
5411:
5409:Administrative
5398:
5392:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5353:
5352:
5342:
5337:
5331:
5329:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5321:
5320:
5319:
5314:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5299:
5291:
5290:
5289:
5284:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5245:
5243:
5234:
5228:
5227:
5225: articles
5223:United Kingdom
5219:
5218:
5211:
5204:
5196:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5183:
5176:
5168:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5119:Arthur Sassoon
5115:
5113:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5089:
5087:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5079:
5074:
5072:Nellie Clifden
5069:
5067:Lillie Langtry
5064:
5059:
5054:
5052:Daisy Greville
5049:
5044:
5038:
5036:
5032:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5024:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5000:
4992:
4988:The Edwardians
4983:
4981:
4977:
4976:
4974:
4973:
4966:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4922:
4920:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4902:
4894:
4886:
4878:
4870:
4862:
4854:
4850:Fall of Eagles
4846:
4841:
4832:
4830:
4823:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4754:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4726:
4718:
4713:
4707:
4705:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4624:
4619:
4613:
4611:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4597:
4591:
4585:
4579:
4573:
4567:
4561:
4555:
4549:
4546:Queen Victoria
4543:
4537:
4531:
4525:
4519:
4513:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4499:
4485:
4482:
4481:
4474:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4451:
4444:
4443:
4433:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4373:
4363:
4356:
4346:
4341:Purvis, June.
4339:
4332:
4325:
4315:
4295:Mabel Atkinson
4291:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4264:
4257:
4256:(2nd ed. 1992)
4250:
4240:
4235:Spender, J.A.
4233:
4222:
4221:
4216:Searle, G. R.
4214:
4207:
4197:
4189:Read, Donald.
4187:
4180:
4173:
4165:
4164:
4157:
4147:
4136:
4126:
4118:Jenkins, Roy.
4116:
4109:
4101:
4100:
4092:Horn, Pamela.
4090:
4080:
4073:
4061:
4050:
4043:
4037:The Edwardians
4033:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4002:
3997:978-0642541499
3996:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3959:
3949:
3934:
3924:
3917:
3906:
3902:Michelin Guide
3893:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3873:
3860:
3844:
3832:
3816:
3803:
3790:
3786:The Edwardians
3777:
3773:The Edwardians
3764:
3757:
3749:The Edwardians
3736:
3718:
3716:(2002) p. 475.
3705:
3692:
3679:
3667:
3660:
3640:
3627:
3614:
3601:
3594:
3576:
3562:978-0500203484
3561:
3543:
3514:
3496:
3489:
3471:
3458:
3445:
3432:
3413:(2): 405–429.
3397:
3378:
3359:(3): 203–214.
3343:
3336:
3318:
3273:
3253:
3213:
3200:
3174:
3161:
3154:
3134:
3116:
3103:
3090:
3077:
3064:
3051:
3038:
3025:
3012:
2999:
2986:
2967:(3): 263–288.
2948:
2935:
2922:
2909:
2893:
2877:
2861:
2848:
2844:War in History
2835:
2819:
2806:
2786:
2773:
2757:
2741:
2728:
2721:
2701:
2688:
2675:
2662:
2645:
2626:
2610:
2597:
2590:
2570:
2558:
2552:Helen Irving,
2545:
2538:
2518:
2478:
2465:
2459:Kenneth Rose,
2452:
2436:
2423:
2404:(2): 352–363.
2388:
2375:
2359:
2346:
2333:
2320:
2304:
2291:
2278:
2265:
2259:Robert Blake,
2252:
2239:
2226:
2213:
2200:
2185:
2178:
2157:
2139:
2132:
2110:
2105:The Edwardians
2092:
2087:The Edwardians
2071:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2042:
2037:
2025:
2022:
1994:
1991:
1963:
1960:
1952:Roald Amundsen
1906:
1903:
1893:
1890:
1833:
1830:
1771:
1768:
1756:Thomas Beecham
1727:
1724:
1688:Beatrix Potter
1644:Arnold Bennett
1635:
1632:
1558:
1555:
1503:sensationalism
1494:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1479:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1425:Arthur Marwick
1394:
1391:
1382:
1379:
1346:Mary Macarthur
1338:
1335:
1323:abortifacients
1318:contraceptives
1312:
1309:
1276:, blocked it.
1262:
1259:
1231:
1228:
1201:
1198:
1162:Main article:
1159:
1156:
1146:
1143:
1112:Main article:
1109:
1106:
1048:Triple Entente
1022:Triple Entente
976:
973:
957:
954:
941:House of Lords
901:new liberalism
884:House of Lords
876:Board of Trade
856:Prime Minister
828:Main article:
825:
822:
812:
809:
797:Emily Hobhouse
752:British Empire
728:
725:
717:Hilaire Belloc
701:
698:
666:
663:
636:Prime Minister
632:Arthur Balfour
597:
594:
585:
582:
573:Lawrence James
562:British Empire
557:
554:
511:Queen Victoria
486:
485:
483:
482:
475:
468:
460:
457:
456:
450:
449:
446:
445:
440:
430:
427:
426:
423:
417:
416:
413:
407:
406:
403:
397:
396:
393:
387:
386:
383:
377:
376:
373:
367:
366:
363:
357:
356:
351:
345:
344:
341:
335:
334:
329:
323:
322:
317:
309:
308:
303:
297:
296:
291:
285:
284:
281:
275:
274:
269:
263:
262:
259:
253:
252:
249:
243:
242:
239:
237:Norman/Angevin
233:
232:
226:
220:
219:
212:
206:
205:
199:
193:
192:
185:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
155:
154:
151:
150:
140:
121:
120:
118:
117:
112:
107:
105:Arthur Balfour
102:
100:Lord Salisbury
96:
94:
90:
89:
87:
86:
81:
75:
73:
69:
68:
50:
42:
41:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6800:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6753:Edwardian era
6751:
6750:
6748:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6724:
6719:
6715:
6712:
6708:
6707:
6703:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6658:
6655:
6654:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6627:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6612:
6610:
6608:
6604:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6566:
6563:
6562:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6535:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6522:
6519:
6518:
6517:
6514:
6513:
6511:
6509:
6505:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6472:
6469:
6468:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6441:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6426:
6424:
6422:
6418:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6380:
6377:
6376:
6375:
6372:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6360:
6357:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6345:
6344:
6343:
6340:
6339:
6337:
6335:
6331:
6327:
6323:
6318:
6314:
6310:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6243:
6240:
6239:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6219:
6217:
6215:
6211:
6205:
6204:Welfare state
6202:
6200:
6197:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6149:Mental health
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6104:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6092:Ethnic groups
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6042:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6016:Bus transport
6014:
6012:
6011:Air transport
6009:
6008:
6006:
6004:
6000:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5978:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5958:
5956:
5955:Manufacturing
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5920:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5908:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5875:
5873:
5871:
5867:
5859:
5856:
5855:
5854:
5851:
5847:
5844:
5843:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5831:Civil service
5829:
5825:
5822:
5821:
5820:
5817:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5808:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5758:
5757:republicanism
5755:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5680:
5677:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5664:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5639:
5637:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5577:North Sea oil
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5544:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5488:
5485:
5484:
5483:
5480:
5476:
5475:Great Britain
5473:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5465:British Isles
5463:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5454:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5393:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5279:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5264:Edwardian era
5262:
5260:
5259:Victorian era
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5229:
5224:
5217:
5212:
5210:
5205:
5203:
5198:
5197:
5194:
5182:
5181:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5170:
5169:
5166:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5124:Olga de Meyer
5122:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5110:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5084:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5033:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5017:
5013:
5007:
5005:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4993:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4984:
4982:
4978:
4972:
4971:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4960:
4959:
4957:
4953:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4941:Bootle statue
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4915:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4893:
4891:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4806:Prince Albert
4804:
4802:
4799:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4789:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4763:
4760:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4680:Edwardian era
4678:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4608:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4571:
4568:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4483:
4479:
4472:
4467:
4465:
4460:
4458:
4453:
4452:
4449:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4405:
4403:
4402:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4380:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4281:
4273:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4238:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4185:
4181:
4178:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4135:
4134:online review
4131:
4127:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4110:
4107:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4095:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4064:Heffer, Simon
4062:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4048:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3989:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3943:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3922:
3918:
3916:
3912:
3909:Black, Mark.
3908:
3907:
3903:
3898:
3883:
3877:
3870:
3864:
3858:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3829:
3825:
3820:
3813:
3807:
3800:
3794:
3787:
3781:
3774:
3768:
3760:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3740:
3732:
3731:history.ac.uk
3728:
3722:
3715:
3709:
3702:
3696:
3689:
3683:
3674:
3672:
3663:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3644:
3637:
3631:
3624:
3618:
3611:
3605:
3597:
3595:9780486297118
3591:
3587:
3580:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3558:
3554:
3547:
3539:
3533:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3515:9780312624453
3511:
3507:
3500:
3492:
3486:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3462:
3455:
3449:
3442:
3439:Donald Read,
3436:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3401:
3393:
3389:
3382:
3374:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3347:
3339:
3337:9780773528628
3333:
3329:
3322:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3284:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3269:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3210:
3204:
3189:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3168:Jane Marcus,
3165:
3157:
3155:9780199133734
3151:
3147:
3146:
3138:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3113:
3110:Martin Pugh,
3107:
3100:
3094:
3087:
3081:
3074:
3068:
3061:
3055:
3048:
3042:
3035:
3029:
3022:
3016:
3009:
3003:
2996:
2990:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2955:
2953:
2945:
2939:
2932:
2926:
2919:
2913:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2891:
2887:
2881:
2874:
2868:
2866:
2858:
2852:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2829:
2823:
2816:
2810:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2767:
2761:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2739:(2014) p. 324
2738:
2732:
2724:
2722:9781101153413
2718:
2714:
2713:
2705:
2698:
2692:
2685:
2679:
2672:
2666:
2659:
2655:
2649:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2607:
2601:
2593:
2591:9780435327576
2587:
2583:
2582:
2574:
2568:
2562:
2555:
2549:
2541:
2539:9780874369908
2535:
2531:
2530:
2522:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2475:
2472:G.R. Searle,
2469:
2462:
2461:King George V
2456:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2433:
2427:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2379:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2356:
2350:
2343:
2337:
2330:
2327:G.R. Searle,
2324:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2301:
2295:
2288:
2282:
2275:
2269:
2262:
2256:
2249:
2243:
2236:
2230:
2223:
2217:
2210:
2204:
2196:
2189:
2181:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2153:
2149:
2148:Searle, G. R.
2143:
2135:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2067:
2061:
2057:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1931:
1930:Louis Blériot
1926:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1915:radioactivity
1912:
1902:
1899:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1844:Edwin Lutyens
1839:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1760:wax cylinders
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1716:A. C. Bradley
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1660:E. M. Forster
1657:
1656:Joseph Conrad
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:In 1911, the
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1410:
1407:A cartoon in
1405:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1351:
1350:Cradley Heath
1347:
1343:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1319:
1311:Birth control
1308:
1304:
1303:(1882–1960).
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1274:H. H. Asquith
1268:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1236:
1227:
1224:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1207:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1155:
1151:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1007:28 April 1909
1006:
1005:
1000:
996:
991:
986:
982:
971:
967:
963:
953:
951:
947:
942:
938:
934:
929:
927:
923:
917:
914:
909:
904:
902:
895:
891:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
844:Liberal Party
836:
831:
821:
819:
818:Edmund Barton
808:
806:
802:
798:
793:
790:
786:
782:
777:
775:
771:
753:
748:
739:
734:
724:
722:
718:
713:
711:
707:
706:Liberal Party
700:Liberal Party
697:
695:
689:
686:
677:
672:
662:
661:held steady.
658:
656:
652:
648:
644:
639:
637:
633:
627:
625:
622:, a powerful
621:
617:
613:
609:
608:Conservatives
603:
593:
591:
581:
579:
574:
569:
567:
563:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:Victorian era
512:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
492:Edwardian era
481:
476:
474:
469:
467:
462:
461:
459:
458:
455:
452:
451:
444:
441:
439:
436:
435:
433:
424:
422:
419:
418:
414:
412:
409:
408:
404:
402:
399:
398:
394:
392:
389:
388:
384:
382:
379:
378:
374:
372:
371:Edwardian era
369:
368:
364:
362:
361:Victorian era
359:
358:
355:
352:
350:
346:
342:
340:
337:
336:
333:
330:
328:
324:
321:
318:
315:
310:
307:
304:
302:
298:
295:
292:
290:
286:
282:
280:
277:
276:
273:
270:
268:
264:
260:
258:
255:
254:
250:
248:
245:
244:
240:
238:
235:
234:
227:
225:
222:
221:
213:
211:
208:
207:
200:
198:
197:Roman Britain
195:
194:
186:
184:
181:
180:
172:
171:
168:
164:
161:
160:
148:
144:
139:
138:Victorian era
135:
130:
126:
122:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
97:
95:
91:
85:
82:
80:
77:
76:
74:
70:
58:
54:
48:
43:
38:
35:Edwardian era
33:
30:
19:
18:Edwardian age
6582:Homelessness
6396:Homelessness
6179:Social class
6159:Prostitution
6102:Homelessness
5883:British Army
5715:Human rights
5703:By-elections
5683:Constitution
5263:
5254:Georgian era
5178:
5171:
5144:Caesar (dog)
5047:Alice Keppel
5042:Agnes Keyser
5003:
4995:
4987:
4968:
4961:
4905:
4897:
4889:
4881:
4873:
4865:
4857:
4849:
4836:
4722:
4679:
4642:Police Medal
4436:
4427:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4383:
4366:
4359:
4349:
4342:
4335:
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4210:
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4169:
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4129:
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4067:
4053:
4046:
4036:
4029:
4016:
4005:
3987:
3979:
3972:
3962:
3952:
3951:Elton, G.R.
3940:
3927:
3920:
3910:
3881:
3876:
3868:
3863:
3852:
3847:
3835:
3827:
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3785:
3780:
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3767:
3748:
3739:
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3721:
3713:
3708:
3700:
3695:
3690:(1928) 1:93.
3687:
3682:
3650:
3643:
3635:
3630:
3622:
3617:
3609:
3604:
3585:
3579:
3552:
3546:
3505:
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3480:
3474:
3466:
3461:
3453:
3448:
3440:
3435:
3410:
3406:
3400:
3394:(27): 23–24.
3391:
3387:
3381:
3356:
3352:
3346:
3327:
3321:
3299:(6): 29–51.
3296:
3292:
3267:
3231:
3227:
3208:
3203:
3191:. Retrieved
3187:
3177:
3169:
3164:
3144:
3137:
3127:
3119:
3111:
3106:
3098:
3093:
3085:
3080:
3072:
3067:
3059:
3054:
3046:
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3028:
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3015:
3007:
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2994:
2989:
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2938:
2930:
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2896:
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2880:
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2851:
2843:
2838:
2827:
2822:
2814:
2809:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2776:
2770:online p 324
2765:
2760:
2749:
2744:
2736:
2731:
2711:
2704:
2696:
2691:
2683:
2682:G.P. Gooch,
2678:
2670:
2665:
2653:
2648:
2637:
2634:Alun Howkins
2629:
2621:
2605:
2604:Ian Packer,
2600:
2580:
2573:
2561:
2553:
2548:
2528:
2521:
2499:(2): 69–88.
2496:
2492:
2473:
2468:
2460:
2455:
2444:
2439:
2431:
2426:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2383:
2378:
2370:
2362:
2354:
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2336:
2328:
2323:
2315:
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2268:
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2255:
2247:
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2221:
2216:
2208:
2203:
2194:
2188:
2169:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2119:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2060:
2030:Belle Époque
1996:
1980:
1976:steeplechase
1954:'s and then
1946:
1939:
1927:
1908:
1895:
1876:
1872:Neoclassical
1841:
1832:Architecture
1810:Henrik Ibsen
1794:
1788:
1780:Vesta Tilley
1773:
1740:Gustav Holst
1736:Edward Elgar
1729:
1719:
1640:J. M. Barrie
1637:
1622:
1617:
1593:
1587:
1578:Belle Époque
1576:
1574:
1550:
1534:
1518:Daily Mirror
1516:
1510:
1500:
1496:
1476:hobble skirt
1451:
1440:
1429:
1414:
1408:
1384:
1375:
1371:
1363:
1355:
1331:
1327:
1325:indirectly.
1314:
1305:
1278:
1270:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243: 1910s
1219:
1215:
1211:Gender roles
1203:
1194:
1170:Great Unrest
1167:
1164:Great Unrest
1152:
1148:
1140:
1129:
1123:
1122:The British
1102:
1087:
1079:
1052:
1030:
1010:
1002:
930:
918:
905:
898:
841:
814:
794:
778:
744:
721:Labour Party
714:
703:
690:
682:
665:Labour Party
659:
640:
628:
605:
587:
570:
559:
531:
527:picture hats
523:Samuel Hynes
508:
491:
489:
431:
370:
353:
339:Georgian era
331:
319:
305:
293:
271:
124:
29:
6669:Health care
6577:Health care
6483:Health care
6391:Health care
6299:Anglosphere
6174:Social care
6129:Immigration
6072:Drug policy
5836:Departments
5764:Nationality
5537:Agriculture
5470:terminology
5437:City status
5308:Since 1979
5139:Homburg hat
4917:Statues and
4497:(1901–1910)
4305:: 122–134.
3797:A.S. Gray,
3124:June Purvis
3023:(1999) p 34
2817:(2013) ch 5
2715:. Penguin.
2367:Martin Pugh
1998:Aston Villa
1896:Filmmakers
1856:Art Nouveau
1784:Little Tich
1764:phonographs
1700:H. G. Wells
1680:A. A. Milne
1672:M. R. James
1583:Art Nouveau
1136:Dreadnought
1124:Dreadnought
1083:Edward Grey
864:Edward Grey
616:imperialism
556:Perceptions
349:Regency era
327:Restoration
314:Interregnum
267:Elizabethan
247:Plantagenet
224:Anglo-Saxon
218:7th century
64: 1901
6758:Edward VII
6747:Categories
6635:Government
6543:Government
6538:Parliament
6254:Literature
6134:Innovation
6067:Demography
5962:(currency)
5811:Government
5769:Parliament
5693:Devolution
5688:Corruption
5623:Materials
5557:geothermal
5241:Chronology
5180:George V →
5173:← Victoria
5159:Love chair
5035:Mistresses
4821:Depictions
4728:Hospitals
4627:Coronation
4542:(daughter)
4536:(daughter)
4530:(daughter)
4478:Edward VII
4311:Q107225563
3636:Adaptation
3289:Thane, Pat
3270:: 379–400.
2804:, pp 23–62
2052:References
1958:'s teams.
1921:, and the
1836:See also:
1782:and comic
1776:Music hall
1744:Arnold Bax
1732:Henry Wood
1634:Literature
1512:Daily Mail
1493:Newspapers
1184:; and the
731:See also:
694:music hall
624:Royal Navy
548:, and the
496:Edward VII
343:1714–1837
283:1603–1714
261:1485–1603
125:Chronology
79:Edward VII
72:Monarch(s)
53:Edward VII
6664:Education
6620:Geography
6572:Education
6528:Geography
6478:Education
6449:Executive
6434:Geography
6386:Education
6359:Geography
6139:Languages
6077:Education
6003:Transport
5841:Ministers
5727:Judiciary
5698:Elections
5638:Wildlife
5547:biodiesel
5529:Resources
5519:Volcanoes
5509:Mountains
5494:Coastline
5396:Geography
5350:1814–1919
5312:political
5297:political
5249:Formation
4955:Portraits
4919:memorials
4890:Mrs Brown
4742:Sheffield
4704:Namesakes
4695:Household
4596:(brother)
4590:(brother)
4572:(brother)
4297:(1907). "
3610:Historian
3532:cite book
3524:740627215
3427:153704509
3373:145703473
3234:: 57–68.
3193:3 October
2342:Historian
2010:Liverpool
1684:E. Nesbit
1620:in 1912.
1590:Roger Fry
1536:The Times
1366:coverture
1226:workers.
952:members.
811:Australia
805:Jan Smuts
785:guerrilla
566:Great War
542:labourers
536:and made
425:1945–1979
415:1945–1979
405:1939–1945
395:1919–1939
385:1914–1918
375:1901–1914
365:1837–1901
354:1811–1820
332:1660–1714
320:1649–1660
306:1625–1649
294:1603–1625
272:1558–1603
251:1216–1485
241:1066–1216
93:Leader(s)
40:1901–1910
6727:Category
6679:Religion
6625:Politics
6592:Religion
6533:Politics
6521:timeline
6508:Scotland
6493:Religion
6444:Assembly
6439:Politics
6406:Religion
6364:Politics
6352:timeline
6269:Religion
6249:Identity
6112:Scotland
6057:Cannabis
5983:Taxation
5870:Military
5752:monarchs
5747:Monarchy
5667:Politics
5627:forestry
5607:Scottish
5598:Fishing
5457:Physical
5377:Taxation
5372:Military
5362:Maritime
5335:Economic
5328:By topic
5293:Postwar
5287:military
5282:civilian
5274:Interwar
4748:Schools
4602:(sister)
4584:(sister)
4578:(sister)
4566:(sister)
4560:(sister)
4554:(father)
4548:(mother)
4522:George V
4489:and the
4354:in JSTOR
4323:in JSTOR
4307:Wikidata
4272:in JSTOR
4248:in JSTOR
4039:(2005),
4019:(1934),
3857:in JSTOR
3747:(1970).
3571:50081013
3248:11610301
2981:41377834
2832:abstract
2513:40238883
2168:(1994).
2150:(2004).
2103:(1970).
2085:(2004).
2024:See also
1993:Football
1987:football
1868:Georgian
1722:(1904).
1708:highbrow
1614:Van Gogh
1557:The arts
1552:control.
1446:Parasols
1059:Boer War
727:Boer War
584:Politics
546:servants
504:George V
454:Timeline
432:See also
301:Caroline
289:Jacobean
231:449–1066
84:George V
6711:Outline
6684:Symbols
6674:Culture
6657:tourism
6652:Economy
6615:History
6597:Symbols
6587:Culture
6565:tourism
6560:Economy
6516:History
6498:Symbols
6488:Culture
6471:tourism
6466:Economy
6429:History
6411:Symbols
6401:Culture
6379:tourism
6374:Economy
6342:History
6334:England
6284:Theatre
6279:Symbols
6237:Cuisine
6214:Culture
6184:Suicide
6154:Poverty
6119:Housing
6107:England
6045:Society
6021:Driving
5993:Tourism
5911:Economy
5819:Cabinet
5619:Hunting
5602:English
5499:Geology
5482:Climate
5232:History
5112:Related
5086:Honours
4632:Honours
4617:Wedding
4386:(1973)
4369:(2008)
4263:(2012).
4213:(1973).
4122:(1964)
4096:(2012)
4086:(2013)
4056:(1933)
4041:excerpt
4008:(1929)
3945:(1935)
3930:(1995)
3913:(2012)
3830:(2008).
3801:(1985).
3313:4288190
3172:(2013).
3114:(1980).
3062:(1988).
2920:(1978).
2800:(2008)
2768:(1977)
2671:History
2556:(1999).
2447:(1935)
2418:1849549
2298:Blake,
2006:Burnley
1947:Titanic
1940:Olympic
1610:Matisse
1602:Gauguin
1596:at the
1488:Europe.
1432:chiffon
1393:Fashion
1145:Economy
874:at the
763:⁄
655:Liberal
163:Periods
6732:Portal
6630:Senedd
6347:social
6232:Cinema
6227:Anthem
6169:Racism
6124:Hunger
6097:Health
5950:Income
5935:Budget
5632:mining
5572:marine
5542:Energy
5514:Rivers
5487:change
5340:Empire
5317:social
5302:social
5015:Stamps
5006:(1999)
4998:(1978)
4990:(1930)
4908:(2017)
4900:(2003)
4892:(1997)
4884:(1978)
4882:Lillie
4876:(1976)
4868:(1975)
4860:(1974)
4852:(1974)
4839:(1902)
4732:London
4610:Events
4512:(wife)
4503:Family
4441:online
4388:online
4371:online
4309:
4289:online
4231:online
4195:online
4177:online
4155:online
4144:online
4124:online
4098:online
4058:online
4021:online
4010:online
3994:
3967:online
3957:online
3932:online
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3658:
3592:
3569:
3559:
3522:
3512:
3487:
3425:
3371:
3334:
3311:
3246:
3152:
2979:
2906:online
2890:online
2859:(1999)
2719:
2658:online
2642:online
2588:
2567:online
2536:
2511:
2449:online
2416:
2373:(1994)
2176:
2130:
2068:. PBS.
2034:France
2002:FA Cup
1850:, and
1824:, and
1754:, and
1612:, and
1421:bodice
1417:corset
1352:, 1910
1180:; the
1176:; the
968:, and
946:Labour
846:under
279:Stuart
204:43–410
187:until
175:
57:Fildes
6718:Index
6607:Wales
6274:Sport
6264:Music
6259:Media
6199:Waste
6062:Crime
6026:Roads
5923:Banks
5647:flora
5642:fauna
5612:Welsh
5587:solar
5442:Towns
4980:Books
4673:Reign
4637:Medal
4524:(son)
4518:(son)
3900:1911
3423:S2CID
3369:S2CID
3309:JSTOR
2977:JSTOR
2509:JSTOR
2414:JSTOR
1962:Sport
1796:Punch
1726:Music
1606:Manet
1419:, or
1409:Punch
1004:Punch
779:When
257:Tudor
191:43 AD
51:King
6242:Wine
5858:list
5846:list
5824:list
5720:LGBT
5592:wind
5552:coal
4721:HMS
3992:ISBN
3753:ISBN
3656:ISBN
3590:ISBN
3567:OCLC
3557:ISBN
3538:link
3520:OCLC
3510:ISBN
3485:ISBN
3332:ISBN
3244:PMID
3195:2017
3150:ISBN
2717:ISBN
2586:ISBN
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2174:ISBN
2128:ISBN
1981:The
1970:The
1945:RMS
1938:RMS
1892:Film
1870:and
1812:and
1702:and
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1543:and
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214:410-
6647:Law
6555:Law
6461:Law
6369:Law
6222:Art
5732:Law
4301:".
3415:doi
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