Knowledge

Electronic Privacy Information Center

Source đź“ť

232: 2128: 452:
Digital Economy Policy and promotes the exchange of information between the OECD and civil society. The OECD provides civil society participants with substantial empirical analysis that enable informed policy assessments; CSISAC provides the OECD with the essential perspectives of experts and NGOs leaders. CSISAC strengthens the relationship between civil society and the OECD and promotes better-informed and more widely accepted policies for the IT sector.
526:. The Project pursues several activities to inform the public and to advocate for better privacy protections. EPIC uses FOIA to obtain documents about government surveillance programs. EPIC also files comments with federal agencies, leads coalition advocacy efforts, and testifies before state and federal legislatures for better privacy protections. EPIC has filed numerous amicus briefs in important court cases that address surveillance issues. 25: 417:, and other international organizations, the Public Voice project brings civil society leaders face to face with government officials for constructive engagement about current policy issues. Public Voice events have been held in Buenos Aires, Cancun, Cape Town, Dubai, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Kuala Lumpur, Madrid, Ottawa, Paris, Seoul, Washington, and Wroclaw. 468:. The EPIC Project brings together experts in the fields of law, technology, and privacy policy with a team of in-house litigators to identify and file in cutting edge privacy cases. EPIC's amicus briefs have been cited by judges and justices in significant Fourth Amendment, consumer privacy, communications privacy, 400:
Third, EPIC trains law school students on utilizing the FOIA to promote open government. Fourth, EPIC participates in coalitions with other government transparency organizations. EPIC's extensive press outreach and popular website allow EPIC to make FOIA documents widely available to the press and the public.
514:
EPIC's Project on Surveillance Oversight focuses public attention on merging technologies used to conduct domestic surveillance. As federal Judge Chutkan explained in a case brought by EPIC, "There can be little dispute that the general public has a genuine, tangible interest in a system designed to
463:
The EPIC Amicus Project seeks to promote privacy and government oversight by filing "friend of the court" briefs in federal and state courts. The EPIC Amicus Program is one of the most prolific appellate advocacy programs in the United States, filing almost 100 amicus briefs on emerging privacy and
451:
The Public Voice helped establish the Civil Society Information Society Advisory Council (CSISAC) which is the "voice of civil society" at the OECD. CSISAC's mission is set out in the Seoul Declaration adopted at the OECD Ministerial Meeting in Seoul, 2008. CSISAC contributes to the OECD's work on
399:
The EPIC Open Government Project pursues four distinct program activities. First, the project actively pursues secret government documents through the FOIA. Second, the EPIC Open Government Project recommends improvements to agency rulemakings concerning transparency, privacy, and civil liberties.
408:
The Public Voice coalition was established in 1996 by EPIC to promote public participation in decisions concerning the future of the Internet. The Public Voice has pursued issues ranging from privacy and freedom of expression to consumer protection and Internet governance. Through international
492:
The EPIC Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) and Human Rights Project advocates for the adoption of transparent, equitable, and commonsense development of AI policy and regulations. EPIC pursues this goal through a combination of public education, direct legislative advocacy, freedom of information
501:
The EPIC Consumer Privacy Project advocates for the rights of consumers and Internet users, and works to protect consumers' personal information and autonomy in the digital marketplace. EPIC promotes the implementation and enforcement of Fair Information Practices and the enactment of the
534:
Through the Administrative Law Project, EPIC aims to compel federal agencies to adopt practices that safeguard privacy and promote transparency. EPIC has pursued this mission through extensive comments to agencies, and subsequent lawsuits in instances where agencies fail to adopt EPIC's
484:. EPIC's amicus participation has also been requested by judges in both federal and state cases. And EPIC attorneys frequently speak at judicial conferences, both in the United States and around the world, about emerging privacy issues and the role of the judiciary. 535:
recommendations. Over the last twenty years, EPIC has successfully advocated for individual privacy rights in agency rulemaking proceedings. EPIC has also successfully sued the government to force an agency to conduct a public rulemaking as required under the APA.
455:"There is an increasing recognition that we must involve all stakeholders including the voice of civil society. The Public Voice meeting and its contributions to the Forum have been constructive and positive."—OECD Under Secretary General 1323:"This letter is a request under the Freedom of Information Act ("FOIA"), 5 U.S.C. § 552, and is submitted on behalf of the Electronic Privacy Information Center ("EPIC") to the Office of the Director of National Intelligence ("ODNI")" 569:
EPIC established the Champions of Freedom Award in 2004 to recognize individuals and organizations that have helped safeguard the right of privacy, promote open government, and protect democratic values with courage and integrity.
264:
in the digital age for all people through advocacy, research, and litigation." EPIC believes that privacy is a fundamental right, the internet belongs to people who use it, and there's a responsible way to use technology.
1364: 552:
Privacy in the Modern Age: The Search for Solutions, Privacy Law Sourcebook, Privacy and Human Rights, Litigation Under the Federal Open Government Laws, Filters and Freedom, The Public Voice WSIS Sourcebook,
1365:"Electronic Privacy Information Center v. United States Transportation Security Administration | REPLY to opposition to motion re Cross MOTION for Summary Judgment Combine Cross-Motion/Opposition | Casetext" 1646: 129: 1755: 1485: 2532: 1750: 2317: 1053: 1800: 409:
conferences, reports and funding for travel the Public Voice project seeks to increase the presence of NGOs at meetings across the globe. In cooperation with the
2656: 410: 42: 515:
store and manipulate significant quantities of its own biometric data, particularly given the great numbers of people from whom such data will be gathered."
1815: 1696: 481: 2240: 2027: 1735: 89: 2641: 1992: 1931: 1820: 518:
EPIC's Project on Surveillance Oversight looks also at drone surveillance, social media monitoring, police body-worn cameras, passenger profiling,
61: 2552: 1029: 1686: 472:, workplace privacy, and open government cases. EPIC continues to expand the scope of the Amicus Program, including arguing cases before the 309: 68: 1765: 396:
with experienced litigation attorneys, EPIC obtains important government records to promote accountability and safeguard civil liberties.
1322: 1184: 1241: 432:, and EPIC. The Public Voice has provided support for several organizations, including the Center for International Media Action, CPSR, 392:
The EPIC Open Government Project is one of the nation's leading government transparency programs. Combining decades of expertise in the
2651: 301: 75: 2268: 1505: 2562: 2537: 1775: 1691: 1681: 1486:"39th Conference side event: The Public Voice: Emerging Privacy Issues, A Dialogue Between NGOs and DPAs – Global Privacy Assembly" 57: 2303: 561:
EPIC maintains web sites for the Privacy Coalition, the Public Voice coalition, and the National Committee for Voting Integrity.
313: 329: 2661: 2261: 2247: 2164: 2542: 1830: 1636: 2636: 2590: 2527: 1987: 1795: 1785: 1745: 1506:"International civil society coalition to discuss global privacy standards | Association for Progressive Communications" 1111: 1727: 1701: 1661: 1078:
Rotenberg, Marc; Verdi, John; Nguyen, Kimberly; Kaprove, Jared; Phillips, Matthew; McCall, Ginger (December 17, 2009).
465: 437: 2547: 1904: 1825: 1810: 1706: 1570: 325: 108: 2631: 1593: 1273: 1160: 506:, so that consumers do not have to choose between engaging in modern society and retaining their right to privacy. 445: 167: 82: 1054:"FTC Tells Facebook it will have to honor Whatsapp's privacy promise; EPIC and CDD letters spur commission action" 2522: 1780: 1711: 1676: 503: 379:
EPIC works closely with a distinguished advisory board, who have expertise in law, technology and public policy.
373: 317: 2646: 2600: 2580: 2289: 2002: 1982: 1936: 1899: 1805: 1760: 1350: 1307: 1259: 1227: 1097: 962: 46: 2557: 2213: 1909: 1740: 1715: 1136: 252:
research center established in 1994 to protect privacy, freedom of expression, and democratic values in the
2585: 2310: 2275: 2254: 2209: 2193: 1770: 1389: 1274:"EPIC presses FBI in lawsuit for details on biometric database – National Freedom of Information Coalition" 968: 1530:"CSISAC: OECD Civil Society Information Society Advisory Council for the OECD work on the Digital Economy" 2595: 2217: 2205: 2197: 2189: 1790: 473: 305: 2225: 2221: 2201: 2185: 393: 344:(2014), which concerne cell phone privacy. They have also litigated important privacy cases, including 2296: 2157: 2022: 1966: 1946: 1671: 1631: 1471:
Paper delivered to the OECD Emerging Market Economy Forum on Electronic Commerce, Dubai, UAE, January
297: 376:
to establish privacy regulations prior to the deployment of commercial drones in the United States.
272:, and human rights issues. EPIC has pursued several successful consumer privacy complaints with the 2610: 477: 429: 321: 273: 2017: 2012: 1884: 1666: 1293: 519: 493:
requests, comments to decision-makers at the state, federal, and international levels, and more.
35: 2058: 1656: 1651: 1598: 369: 249: 2037: 1608: 1563: 885: 441: 181: 2150: 1856: 1641: 300:(sale of personal information to identity thieves). EPIC has also prevailed in significant 348:(D.C. Cir. 2011), which led to the removal of the x-ray body scanners in US airports, and 8: 2449: 2073: 1941: 1926: 1876: 1613: 626: 340: 269: 231: 2113: 647: 633: 523: 361: 1209: 2083: 1866: 1397: 1344: 1301: 1253: 1221: 1091: 425: 1185:"What is - and isn't - in the report about the CIA and NYPD's "unique" relationship" 2379: 2364: 2344: 2282: 2131: 1997: 1956: 1894: 1846: 1603: 1556: 816: 795: 783: 261: 257: 199: 2469: 2409: 1861: 1851: 1466: 771: 765: 469: 421: 253: 185: 372:
Order" in June 2013. One of EPIC's current cases concerns the obligation of the
2489: 2479: 2459: 2334: 2098: 2078: 1951: 912: 807: 801: 654: 580: 1242:"EPIC v. Education Department – Private Debt Collector Privacy Act Compliance" 2625: 2444: 2429: 2414: 2394: 2349: 2339: 2068: 2063: 1961: 1921: 1916: 1401: 1137:"CNN.com - EPIC to protest Passport bundling with Windows XP - July 26, 2001" 1079: 759: 610: 604: 353: 334: 550:
EPIC also publishes several books on privacy and open government, including
2499: 2494: 2384: 2369: 2108: 1889: 906: 640: 357: 1030:"Snapchat Settles With FTC After Being Dishonest With Users About Privacy" 2504: 2484: 2474: 2439: 2399: 2389: 2354: 2173: 2103: 1623: 822: 597: 587: 420:
The Public Voice project is made possible, in part, by support from the
352:(D.C. Cir. 2014), which led to the release of the NSA's formerly secret 2434: 2424: 2419: 2404: 2088: 1421: 987: 789: 619: 1441: 1390:"US privacy group challenging NSA and FBI collection of phone records" 2464: 2374: 2053: 293: 1080:"Complaint, Request for Investigation, Injunction, and Other Relief" 24: 2454: 285: 281: 277: 2359: 1579: 777: 177: 128: 1294:"EPIC v. NSA – Cybersecurity Authority, Case No. 10-0196 (2010)" 1529: 855:
Giovanni Buttarelli, European Data Protection Supervisor (2019)
414: 289: 2142: 894:
Prof. Stefano RodotĂ , Italian Data Protection Authority (2009)
464:
civil liberties issues, including more than 20 briefs for the
2093: 708:
Dana Priest & William Arkin, “Top Secret America” (2012)
356:
authority. Additionally, EPIC challenged the NSA's domestic
2032: 1077: 433: 1548: 1004: 2318:
Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act
1005:"About Us - EPIC - Electronic Privacy Information Center" 933:
Susan Linn, Campaign for Commercial Free Childhood (2015)
873:
Peter Hustinx, European Data Protection Supervisor (2015)
543:
EPIC maintains and publishes its monthly newsletter, the
882:
Jennifer Stoddart, Privacy Commissioner of Canada (2012)
876:
Jan Philipp Albrecht, Member, European Parliament (2014)
830: 858:
Joe McNamee, European Digital Rights Initiative (2019)
509: 891:
Justice Michael Kirby, High Court of Australia (2010)
752: 487: 224: 49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2241:Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 2028:International Association of Privacy Professionals 942:Susan Grant, Consumer Federation of America (2013) 870:Viviane Reding, Member, European Parliament (2016) 529: 948:Jeff Chester, Center for Digital Democracy (2011) 564: 2623: 1993:Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility 951:Beth Givens, Privacy Rights Clearinghouse (2010) 496: 284:(privacy policy after acquisition by Facebook), 387: 2657:Political advocacy groups in the United States 2553:National Institute of Standards and Technology 268:EPIC pursues a wide range of civil liberties, 260:, their mission is to "secure the fundamental 2158: 1564: 1483: 538: 573: 1161:"- IDENTITY THEFT AND DATA BROKER SERVICES" 482:U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit 2165: 2151: 1571: 1557: 1320: 230: 2269:Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act 899: 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 16:Research institute in Washington D.C., US 2563:U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement 1442:"CSISAC Forum: Cancun, Mexico June 2016" 1210:"FOIA cases: EPIC v. DHS – FAST Program" 861:Gus Hosein, Privacy International (2018) 368:, (U.S. 2013) after the release of the " 338:briefs on law and technology, including 2642:United States Fourth Amendment case law 2304:Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 1464: 1387: 936:Philip Zimmermann, Silent Circle (2015) 403: 58:"Electronic Privacy Information Center" 2624: 879:Max Schrems, Europe v. Facebook (2013) 458: 330:Transportation Security Administration 2606:Electronic Privacy Information Center 2262:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act 2248:Electronic Communications Privacy Act 2146: 2008:Electronic Privacy Information Center 1552: 1321:Kyriakides, Eleni (January 9, 2017). 1027: 382: 242:Electronic Privacy Information Center 122:Electronic Privacy Information Center 999: 997: 939:Evan Hendricks, Privacy Times (2014) 888:, Member, European Parliament (2011) 831:EPIC International Privacy Champions 288:(changes in user privacy settings), 47:adding citations to reliable sources 18: 2591:Center for Democracy and Technology 1988:Center for Democracy and Technology 867:Alexander Dix, chair, IWGDPT (2017) 510:EPIC Surveillance Oversight project 13: 753:EPIC Lifetime Achievement Awardees 488:EPIC AI & Human Rights project 438:People for Internet Responsibility 127: 14: 2673: 2652:Organizations established in 1994 994: 837:Tire Meu Rosto da Sua Mira (2024) 2533:Select Committee on Intelligence 2127: 2126: 1594:Right of access to personal data 1410:– via www.theguardian.com. 1112:"Google, Inc., In the Matter of" 211:Executive Director and President 168:501(c)(3) nonprofit organization 23: 2523:Federal Bureau of Investigation 2172: 1522: 1498: 1477: 1458: 1434: 1422:"About Us – thepublicvoice.org" 1414: 1381: 1357: 1314: 1286: 1266: 1234: 1202: 660:Secretary Matthew Dunlap (2018) 530:EPIC Administrative Law project 504:Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights 446:TransAtlantic Consumer Dialogue 374:Federal Aviation Administration 318:Federal Bureau of Investigation 34:needs additional citations for 2601:Electronic Frontier Foundation 2581:American Civil Liberties Union 2290:Right to Financial Privacy Act 2003:Electronic Frontier Foundation 1983:American Civil Liberties Union 1937:Privacy-enhancing technologies 1177: 1153: 1129: 1104: 1071: 1046: 1021: 980: 963:Electronic Frontier Foundation 849:Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (2020) 616:Joseph Cox, Motherboard (2021) 565:EPIC Champion of Freedom Award 1: 1465:Mansell, Robin (2001-01-01). 974: 864:Professor Artemi Rallo (2018) 663:Secretary Alex Padilla (2018) 497:EPIC Consumer Privacy project 360:program in a petition to the 280:(faulty privacy technology), 2662:Privacy in the United States 2586:American Library Association 2311:Victims of Crime Act of 1984 2276:Money Laundering Control Act 2255:Computer Fraud and Abuse Act 1484:icdppc-update (2017-08-14). 1388:Roberts, Dan (8 July 2013). 1058:Center For Digital Democracy 1028:Crook, Jordan (2014-05-08). 969:Center for Humane Technology 918:Brandi Collins-Dexter (2020) 720:WSJ, “What They Know” (2011) 388:EPIC Open Government project 198:1519 New Hampshire Ave. NW, 7: 2596:Center for Public Integrity 1728:Data protection authorities 1578: 956: 945:Christopher Soghoian (2012) 726:Pamela Jones Harbour (2010) 556:The Consumer Law Sourcebook 332:. EPIC has also filed many 292:(roll-out of Google Buzz), 151:; 30 years ago 10: 2678: 2637:Computer law organizations 2538:Department of the Treasury 1932:Social networking services 1349:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 1306:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 1258:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 1226:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 1096:: CS1 maint: url-status ( 813:Hon. David Flaherty (2013) 714:Rep. Jason Chaffetz (2011) 705:Judge Alex Kozinski (2012) 669:Judge Patricia Wald (2017) 539:Publications and web sites 394:Freedom of Information Act 302:Freedom of Information Act 2571: 2513: 2327: 2297:Fair Credit Reporting Act 2232: 2180: 2122: 2046: 2023:Global Network Initiative 1975: 1967:Virtual assistant privacy 1947:Privacy-invasive software 1875: 1839: 1726: 1622: 1586: 747:Sen. Patrick Leahy (2004) 672:Hon. Nancy Gertner (2016) 574:EPIC Champions of Freedom 304:(FOIA) cases against the 219: 209: 191: 173: 163: 145: 137: 126: 2611:Humanitarian Law Project 1116:Federal Trade Commission 921:Sophie Richardson (2019) 684:Rep. Justin Amash (2014) 478:New Mexico Supreme Court 474:New Jersey Supreme Court 322:National Security Agency 296:(Hailstorm log-in), and 274:Federal Trade Commission 2632:Politics and technology 2018:Future of Privacy Forum 2013:European Digital Rights 924:Stephanie Perrin (2018) 732:Pamela Samuelson (2010) 681:AG Kamala Harris (2015) 314:Department of Education 2059:Cellphone surveillance 1976:Advocacy organizations 1599:Expectation of privacy 927:Carrie Goldberg (2017) 900:EPIC Privacy Champions 738:Addison Fischer (2009) 729:Rose Foundation (2010) 723:Rep. Joe Barton (2010) 702:Sen. Al Franken (2012) 430:Open Society Institute 132: 2647:Privacy organizations 2528:Department of Justice 2038:Privacy International 1609:Right to be forgotten 930:Ashkan Soltani (2016) 846:ForbrukerrĂĄdet (2022) 741:Rep. Ed Markey (2009) 717:Rep. Rush Holt (2011) 711:Susie Castillo (2011) 699:Martha Mendoza (2013) 696:Sen. Ron Wyden (2013) 693:Sen. Rand Paul (2013) 687:Edward Snowden (2014) 675:Richard Clarke (2015) 666:Garry Kasparov (2017) 444:, CPSR-Peru, and the 442:Privacy International 184:, democratic values, 182:freedom of expression 131: 843:Beeban Kidron (2023) 744:Paul M. Smith (2009) 404:Public Voice project 248:) is an independent 43:improve this article 2548:Department of State 2074:Global surveillance 1942:Privacy engineering 1927:Personal identifier 1877:Information privacy 1614:Post-mortem privacy 690:The Guardian (2014) 627:Stavros Lambrinidis 593:Holly Jacobs (2023) 459:EPIC Amicus project 341:Riley v. California 270:consumer protection 123: 2114:Personality rights 1296:. August 16, 2024. 1248:. August 16, 2024. 1216:. August 16, 2024. 852:Shyam Divan (2020) 840:Johnny Ryan (2023) 735:D.J. Caruso (2009) 648:Richard Blumenthal 634:Kirsten Gillibrand 524:cyber-surveillance 383:EPIC program areas 362:U.S. Supreme Court 133: 121: 2619: 2618: 2140: 2139: 2084:Mass surveillance 886:Sophie in ’t Veld 596:Attorney General 586:Attorney General 426:Markle Foundation 276:(FTC) concerning 238: 237: 119: 118: 111: 93: 2669: 2500:John Conyers Jr. 2380:Michael Chertoff 2365:Dianne Feinstein 2345:Alberto Gonzales 2283:Bank Secrecy Act 2167: 2160: 2153: 2144: 2143: 2130: 2129: 1998:Data Privacy Lab 1957:Privacy software 1604:Right to privacy 1573: 1566: 1559: 1550: 1549: 1544: 1543: 1541: 1540: 1526: 1520: 1519: 1517: 1516: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1492: 1481: 1475: 1474: 1462: 1456: 1455: 1453: 1452: 1438: 1432: 1431: 1429: 1428: 1418: 1412: 1411: 1409: 1408: 1385: 1379: 1378: 1376: 1375: 1361: 1355: 1354: 1348: 1340: 1338: 1336: 1327: 1318: 1312: 1311: 1305: 1297: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1281: 1280: 1270: 1264: 1263: 1257: 1249: 1238: 1232: 1231: 1225: 1217: 1206: 1200: 1199: 1197: 1196: 1181: 1175: 1174: 1172: 1171: 1157: 1151: 1150: 1148: 1147: 1133: 1127: 1126: 1124: 1123: 1108: 1102: 1101: 1095: 1087: 1075: 1069: 1068: 1066: 1065: 1050: 1044: 1043: 1041: 1040: 1025: 1019: 1018: 1016: 1015: 1001: 992: 991: 984: 817:Whitfield Diffie 796:Christopher Wolf 784:Peter G. Neumann 520:vehicle tracking 466:US Supreme Court 262:right to privacy 258:Washington, D.C. 234: 229: 226: 200:Washington, D.C. 159: 157: 152: 124: 120: 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 92: 51: 27: 19: 2677: 2676: 2672: 2671: 2670: 2668: 2667: 2666: 2622: 2621: 2620: 2615: 2573: 2567: 2558:Customs Service 2515: 2509: 2470:Dennis Kucinich 2410:Jay Rockefeller 2323: 2228: 2176: 2171: 2141: 2136: 2118: 2042: 1971: 1871: 1835: 1722: 1716:amended in 2020 1618: 1582: 1577: 1547: 1538: 1536: 1528: 1527: 1523: 1514: 1512: 1504: 1503: 1499: 1490: 1488: 1482: 1478: 1463: 1459: 1450: 1448: 1440: 1439: 1435: 1426: 1424: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1406: 1404: 1386: 1382: 1373: 1371: 1363: 1362: 1358: 1342: 1341: 1334: 1332: 1325: 1319: 1315: 1299: 1298: 1292: 1291: 1287: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1271: 1267: 1251: 1250: 1240: 1239: 1235: 1219: 1218: 1208: 1207: 1203: 1194: 1192: 1183: 1182: 1178: 1169: 1167: 1165:www.govinfo.gov 1159: 1158: 1154: 1145: 1143: 1141:edition.cnn.com 1135: 1134: 1130: 1121: 1119: 1110: 1109: 1105: 1089: 1088: 1076: 1072: 1063: 1061: 1052: 1051: 1047: 1038: 1036: 1026: 1022: 1013: 1011: 1003: 1002: 995: 986: 985: 981: 977: 959: 954: 902: 897: 833: 828: 772:David J. Farber 766:Shoshana Zuboff 755: 750: 678:Tim Cook (2015) 653:Representative 576: 567: 541: 532: 512: 499: 490: 470:medical privacy 461: 422:Ford Foundation 406: 390: 385: 254:information age 223: 212: 205: 186:open government 155: 153: 150: 115: 104: 98: 95: 52: 50: 40: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2675: 2665: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2617: 2616: 2614: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2583: 2577: 2575: 2572:Non-government 2569: 2568: 2566: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2519: 2517: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2507: 2502: 2497: 2492: 2490:Bernie Sanders 2487: 2485:Richard Durbin 2482: 2480:John E. Sununu 2477: 2472: 2467: 2462: 2460:Lisa Murkowski 2457: 2452: 2447: 2442: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2397: 2392: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2367: 2362: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2335:George W. Bush 2331: 2329: 2325: 2324: 2322: 2321: 2314: 2307: 2300: 2293: 2286: 2279: 2272: 2265: 2258: 2251: 2244: 2236: 2234: 2230: 2229: 2181: 2178: 2177: 2170: 2169: 2162: 2155: 2147: 2138: 2137: 2135: 2134: 2123: 2120: 2119: 2117: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2099:Search warrant 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2079:Identity theft 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2050: 2048: 2044: 2043: 2041: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2025: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1972: 1970: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1952:Privacy policy 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1913: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1892: 1887: 1881: 1879: 1873: 1872: 1870: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1836: 1834: 1833: 1831:United Kingdom 1828: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1746:European Union 1743: 1738: 1732: 1730: 1724: 1723: 1721: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1704: 1702:United Kingdom 1699: 1694: 1689: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1662:European Union 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1628: 1626: 1620: 1619: 1617: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1590: 1588: 1584: 1583: 1576: 1575: 1568: 1561: 1553: 1546: 1545: 1521: 1497: 1476: 1467:"Issues paper" 1457: 1433: 1413: 1380: 1356: 1313: 1285: 1265: 1233: 1201: 1176: 1152: 1128: 1103: 1070: 1045: 1020: 993: 978: 976: 973: 972: 971: 966: 958: 955: 953: 952: 949: 946: 943: 940: 937: 934: 931: 928: 925: 922: 919: 916: 913:Joy Buolamwini 910: 903: 901: 898: 896: 895: 892: 889: 883: 880: 877: 874: 871: 868: 865: 862: 859: 856: 853: 850: 847: 844: 841: 838: 834: 832: 829: 827: 826: 820: 814: 811: 808:Anita L. Allen 805: 802:Bruce Schneier 799: 793: 787: 781: 775: 769: 763: 756: 754: 751: 749: 748: 745: 742: 739: 736: 733: 730: 727: 724: 721: 718: 715: 712: 709: 706: 703: 700: 697: 694: 691: 688: 685: 682: 679: 676: 673: 670: 667: 664: 661: 658: 655:Jan Schakowsky 651: 644: 637: 630: 623: 617: 614: 608: 603:Congresswoman 601: 594: 591: 584: 581:Alondra Nelson 577: 575: 572: 566: 563: 540: 537: 531: 528: 511: 508: 498: 495: 489: 486: 460: 457: 405: 402: 389: 386: 384: 381: 236: 235: 221: 217: 216: 213: 210: 207: 206: 204: 203: 195: 193: 189: 188: 175: 171: 170: 165: 161: 160: 147: 143: 142: 139: 135: 134: 117: 116: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2674: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2627: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2576: 2574:organizations 2570: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2518: 2516:organizations 2512: 2506: 2503: 2501: 2498: 2496: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2478: 2476: 2473: 2471: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2450:Ellen Huvelle 2448: 2446: 2445:Russ Feingold 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2430:Paul Sarbanes 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2415:Arlen Specter 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2395:Chuck Schumer 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2350:Patrick Leahy 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2340:John Ashcroft 2338: 2336: 2333: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2320: 2319: 2315: 2313: 2312: 2308: 2306: 2305: 2301: 2299: 2298: 2294: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2271: 2270: 2266: 2264: 2263: 2259: 2257: 2256: 2252: 2250: 2249: 2245: 2243: 2242: 2238: 2237: 2235: 2233:Acts modified 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2184: 2179: 2175: 2168: 2163: 2161: 2156: 2154: 2149: 2148: 2145: 2133: 2125: 2124: 2121: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2069:Eavesdropping 2067: 2065: 2064:Data security 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2051: 2049: 2045: 2039: 2036: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1980: 1978: 1974: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1962:Secret ballot 1960: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1922:Personal data 1920: 1918: 1915: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1737: 1734: 1733: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1717: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1708: 1707:United States 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1574: 1569: 1567: 1562: 1560: 1555: 1554: 1551: 1535: 1531: 1525: 1511: 1507: 1501: 1487: 1480: 1472: 1468: 1461: 1447: 1443: 1437: 1423: 1417: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1384: 1370: 1366: 1360: 1352: 1346: 1331: 1324: 1317: 1309: 1303: 1295: 1289: 1275: 1269: 1261: 1255: 1247: 1243: 1237: 1229: 1223: 1215: 1211: 1205: 1190: 1186: 1180: 1166: 1162: 1156: 1142: 1138: 1132: 1117: 1113: 1107: 1099: 1093: 1085: 1081: 1074: 1059: 1055: 1049: 1035: 1031: 1024: 1010: 1006: 1000: 998: 989: 988:"Alan Butler" 983: 979: 970: 967: 964: 961: 960: 950: 947: 944: 941: 938: 935: 932: 929: 926: 923: 920: 917: 914: 911: 908: 905: 904: 893: 890: 887: 884: 881: 878: 875: 872: 869: 866: 863: 860: 857: 854: 851: 848: 845: 842: 839: 836: 835: 824: 821: 818: 815: 812: 809: 806: 803: 800: 797: 794: 791: 788: 785: 782: 779: 776: 773: 770: 767: 764: 761: 760:Sherry Turkle 758: 757: 746: 743: 740: 737: 734: 731: 728: 725: 722: 719: 716: 713: 710: 707: 704: 701: 698: 695: 692: 689: 686: 683: 680: 677: 674: 671: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 652: 649: 645: 642: 638: 635: 631: 628: 624: 621: 618: 615: 612: 611:John M. Abowd 609: 606: 605:Yvette Clarke 602: 599: 595: 592: 589: 585: 582: 579: 578: 571: 562: 559: 557: 553: 548: 546: 536: 527: 525: 521: 516: 507: 505: 494: 485: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 456: 453: 449: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 418: 416: 412: 401: 397: 395: 380: 377: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 354:cybersecurity 351: 347: 343: 342: 337: 336: 335:amicus curiae 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 266: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 233: 228: 222: 218: 214: 208: 201: 197: 196: 194: 190: 187: 183: 179: 176: 172: 169: 166: 162: 148: 144: 140: 136: 130: 125: 113: 110: 102: 91: 88: 84: 81: 77: 74: 70: 67: 63: 60: â€“  59: 55: 54:Find sources: 48: 44: 38: 37: 32:This article 30: 26: 21: 20: 2605: 2495:Jerry Nadler 2385:Barack Obama 2370:Viet D. Dinh 2316: 2309: 2302: 2295: 2288: 2281: 2274: 2267: 2260: 2253: 2246: 2239: 2182: 2109:Human rights 2007: 1624:Privacy laws 1537:. Retrieved 1533: 1524: 1513:. Retrieved 1509: 1500: 1489:. Retrieved 1479: 1470: 1460: 1449:. Retrieved 1445: 1436: 1425:. Retrieved 1416: 1405:. Retrieved 1394:The Guardian 1393: 1383: 1372:. Retrieved 1369:casetext.com 1368: 1359: 1333:. Retrieved 1329: 1316: 1288: 1277:. Retrieved 1268: 1245: 1236: 1213: 1204: 1193:. Retrieved 1191:. 2013-07-01 1188: 1179: 1168:. Retrieved 1164: 1155: 1144:. Retrieved 1140: 1131: 1120:. Retrieved 1118:. 2011-03-30 1115: 1106: 1083: 1073: 1062:. Retrieved 1060:. 2014-04-10 1057: 1048: 1037:. Retrieved 1033: 1023: 1012:. Retrieved 1008: 982: 907:Safiya Noble 641:Steve Daines 568: 560: 555: 551: 549: 544: 542: 533: 517: 513: 500: 491: 462: 454: 450: 419: 407: 398: 391: 378: 365: 358:surveillance 349: 345: 339: 333: 267: 245: 241: 239: 202:, U.S. 20036 138:Abbreviation 105: 99:October 2022 96: 86: 79: 72: 65: 53: 41:Please help 36:verification 33: 2505:Butch Otter 2475:Larry Craig 2440:Tom Daschle 2400:Lamar Smith 2390:Eric Holder 2355:Orrin Hatch 2174:Patriot Act 2104:Wiretapping 1816:Switzerland 1801:South Korea 1791:Philippines 1781:Netherlands 1776:Isle of Man 1697:Switzerland 1677:New Zealand 1510:www.apc.org 823:Willis Ware 625:Ambassador 598:Karl Racine 588:Phil Weiser 350:EPIC v. NSA 346:EPIC v. DHS 324:(NSA), the 298:Choicepoint 256:. Based in 215:Alan Butler 2626:Categories 2514:Government 2435:Trent Lott 2425:Dick Armey 2420:Mike Oxley 2405:Bob Graham 2089:Panopticon 1712:California 1587:Principles 1539:2020-11-22 1534:csisac.org 1515:2024-08-16 1491:2024-08-16 1451:2024-08-16 1446:csisac.org 1427:2024-08-16 1407:2019-09-06 1374:2024-08-16 1335:August 16, 1279:2024-08-16 1195:2024-08-16 1170:2024-08-16 1146:2024-08-16 1122:2024-08-16 1064:2024-08-16 1039:2024-08-16 1034:TechCrunch 1014:2022-12-03 975:References 790:Ron Rivest 620:The Markup 545:EPIC Alert 480:, and the 366:In re EPIC 328:, and the 69:newspapers 2465:Ron Wyden 2375:Joe Biden 2054:Anonymity 1890:Financial 1867:Workplace 1857:Education 1766:Indonesia 1736:Australia 1692:Sri Lanka 1687:Singapore 1632:Australia 1402:0261-3077 294:Microsoft 250:nonprofit 146:Formation 2455:Ron Paul 2132:Category 2047:See also 1900:Facebook 1895:Internet 1847:Consumer 1821:Thailand 1345:cite web 1330:epic.org 1302:cite web 1254:cite web 1246:epic.org 1222:cite web 1214:epic.org 1189:MuckRock 1092:cite web 1084:epic.org 1009:epic.org 957:See also 646:Senator 639:Senator 632:Senator 448:(TACD). 286:Facebook 282:WhatsApp 278:Snapchat 192:Location 2360:Jon Kyl 2226:History 1910:Twitter 1862:Medical 1852:Digital 1771:Ireland 1756:Germany 1741:Denmark 1667:Germany 1657:England 1652:Denmark 1580:Privacy 778:Joi Ito 370:Verizon 220:Website 178:privacy 174:Purpose 154: ( 83:scholar 2543:FinCEN 2328:People 2183:Titles 1905:Google 1826:Turkey 1811:Sweden 1796:Poland 1786:Norway 1751:France 1682:Russia 1642:Canada 1637:Brazil 1400:  915:(2021) 909:(2022) 825:(2012) 819:(2012) 810:(2014) 804:(2015) 798:(2016) 792:(2017) 786:(2018) 780:(2019) 774:(2020) 768:(2021) 762:(2022) 657:(2019) 650:(2019) 643:(2020) 636:(2020) 629:(2020) 622:(2021) 613:(2022) 607:(2022) 600:(2022) 590:(2023) 583:(2023) 476:, the 428:, the 424:, the 415:UNESCO 320:, the 316:, the 312:, the 308:, the 290:Google 85:  78:  71:  64:  56:  2094:PRISM 1917:Email 1840:Areas 1806:Spain 1761:India 1672:Ghana 1647:China 1326:(PDF) 965:(EFF) 90:JSTOR 76:books 2214:VIII 2033:NOYB 1398:ISSN 1351:link 1337:2024 1308:link 1260:link 1228:link 1098:link 554:and 522:and 434:EDRi 411:OECD 326:ODNI 246:EPIC 240:The 227:.org 225:epic 164:Type 156:1994 149:1994 141:EPIC 62:news 2210:VII 2194:III 1885:Law 310:DHS 306:CIA 45:by 2628:: 2224:· 2220:· 2218:IX 2216:· 2212:· 2208:· 2206:VI 2204:· 2200:· 2198:IV 2196:· 2192:· 2190:II 2188:· 1714:, 1532:. 1508:. 1469:. 1444:. 1396:. 1392:. 1367:. 1347:}} 1343:{{ 1328:. 1304:}} 1300:{{ 1256:}} 1252:{{ 1244:. 1224:}} 1220:{{ 1212:. 1187:. 1163:. 1139:. 1114:. 1094:}} 1090:{{ 1082:. 1056:. 1032:. 1007:. 996:^ 558:. 547:. 440:, 436:, 413:, 364:. 180:, 2222:X 2202:V 2186:I 2166:e 2159:t 2152:v 1572:e 1565:t 1558:v 1542:. 1518:. 1494:. 1473:. 1454:. 1430:. 1377:. 1353:) 1339:. 1310:) 1282:. 1262:) 1230:) 1198:. 1173:. 1149:. 1125:. 1100:) 1086:. 1067:. 1042:. 1017:. 990:. 244:( 158:) 112:) 106:( 101:) 97:( 87:· 80:· 73:· 66:· 39:.

Index


verification
improve this article
adding citations to reliable sources
"Electronic Privacy Information Center"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
EPIC logo
501(c)(3) nonprofit organization
privacy
freedom of expression
open government
Washington, D.C.
epic.org
Edit this at Wikidata
nonprofit
information age
Washington, D.C.
right to privacy
consumer protection
Federal Trade Commission
Snapchat
WhatsApp
Facebook
Google
Microsoft

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑