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170:. The first development of his artistic talent occurred while he was attending the sickbed of his father, when he attempted drawing to occupy the long hours of waiting. His father died in 1831. At 14, he was painting portraits for $ 5 apiece. Through such work, he supported himself after the death of his father. In 1834, he received his first instruction in art at the classes of
642:, which was created about one year after the event; soldiers used a different type of boat for the crossing; and Washington is depicted older than he was at the time of the crossing at age 44. The soldiers' uniforms are accurately depicted, and the painting correctly conveys colonial unity and pride. The official United States flag was adopted by Congress on June 14, 1777.
322:, as showing Taney "in black, sitting in a shadowed red armchair, left hand resting upon a pad of paper in his lap, right hand hanging limply, almost lifelessly, beside the inner arm of the chair. He sits facing the viewer and staring straight out. There seems to be on his face, and in his deep-set eyes, an expression of profound sadness and disillusionment."
243:
During his years in Düsseldorf, he was a resource for visiting
Americans: he found them places to live and work, provided introductions, and gave them emotional and even financial support. For many years, he was the president of the Düsseldorf Artists' Association; in 1848, he was an early promoter
258:
in 1850. Just after it was completed, the first version was damaged by fire in his studio, subsequently restored, and acquired by the
Kunsthalle Bremen. On September 5, 1942, during World War II, it was destroyed in a bombing raid by the Allied forces. The second painting, a replica of the first,
450:
888:"Origin and history of the American flag and of the naval and yacht-club signals, seals and arms, and principal national songs of the United States, with a chronicle of the symbols, standards, banners, and flags of ancient and modern nations"
252:, Leutze decided to paint an image that would encourage Europe's liberal reformers with the example of the American Revolution. Using American tourists and art students as models and assistants, Leutze finished a first version of
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174:, a portrait painter in Philadelphia. He soon became skilled, and promoted a plan for publishing, in Washington, portraits of eminent American statesmen; however, he was met with slight encouragement.
304:
In 1859, Leutze returned to the United States and opened a studio in New York City. He divided his time between New York City and
Washington, D.C. In 1859, he painted a portrait of Chief Justice
248:" art association; and in 1857, he led the call for a gathering of artists which originated the founding of the Allgemeine deutsche Kunstgenossenschaft. A strong supporter of Europe's
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only larger, was ordered in 1850 by the
Parisian art trader Adolphe Goupil for his New York branch and placed on exhibition on Broadway in October 1851. It is now owned by the
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1010:(Penn State University Press; 2012) 240 pages; Argues that the painting was a touchstone for debates over history painting at a time of intense sectionalism.
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236:, procured him the gold medal of the Brussels Art Exhibition, and was subsequently purchased by the Art Union in New York; it was the basis of the 1893 $ 2
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1136:, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Leutze (see index)
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stamp. In 1845, after a tour in Italy, he returned to Düsseldorf, marrying
Juliane Lottner and making his home there for 14 years.
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918:
Exhibition of the Works of
William Morris Hunt, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, John C. Dalton, Alfred Mudge & Son, Boston, 1879
333:, a New York attorney and sometime Vermont resident, and was shown at an exhibition devoted to William Morris Hunt's work at the
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369:, which has a number of his paintings. At age 52, he died in Washington, D.C. of heat stroke. He was interred at
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In 1840, one of his paintings attracted attention and gave him several orders, which enabled him to attend the
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190:. Due to his anti-academic attitude, he studied only one year at the academy, in the class of Director
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by David
Hackett Fischer at the Oxford University Press blog, discusses Leutze's most famous painting.
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Grand Themes: Emanuel Leutze, "Washington
Crossing the Delaware," and American History Painting
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162:. Later he was brought to the United States as a child in 1825. His parents settled first in
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According to one art critic, minor historical inaccuracies in Leutze's painting include the
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849:"Washington at Monmouth," American Heritage Magazine, June 1965, AmericanHeritage.com
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described the portrait of Taney, made two years after Taney's infamous decision in
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Metcalfe, Peter M., ed. (1991). "History, State
Designations and Superlatives".
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775:(in German), vol. 18, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 500–502
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Leutze's portraits are known for the artistic quality of their patriotic
136:(May 24, 1816 – July 18, 1868) was a German-born American
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1939:
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232:(1841) was purchased by the Düsseldorf Art Union. A companion picture,
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Building in
Washington, DC, for which he painted a large composition,
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Leutze also executed other portraits, including one of fellow painter
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457:
Mrs. Schuyler Burning Her Wheat Fields on the Approach of the British
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981:"Emanuel Leutze's Portrait of General Ambrose Burnside at Antietam"
836:
Washington Crossing the Delaware. Restoring an American Masterpiece
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https://einhornverlag.de/shop/buecher/von-der-rems-zum-delaware/
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Düsseldorfer Künstler aus den letzten fünfundzwanzig Jahren
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in New York. In 1854, Leutze finished his depiction of the
215:
1016:
Portrait of Patriotism: Washington Crossing the Delaware
789:
Groseclose, Barbara (1999). "Leutze, Emanuel Gottlieb".
795:(online ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
282:
Emanuel Leutze by G. & A. Overbeck (firm), c. 1868
299:
1186:
Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca
1036:, einhorn-Verlag+Druck GmbH, Schwäbisch Gmünd 2016,
617:
Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca
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1202:The Storming of Teocalli by Cortez and His Troops
1034:Emanuel Gottlob Leutze: Von der Rems zum Delaware
966:Division of State Libraries, Archives and Museums
761:
532:Worthington Whittredge in His Tenth Street Studio
516:The Storming of Teocalli by Cortez and His Troops
400:ranks in the utmost echelon of American national
3686:
901:Downes, William Howe (1933). "Leutze, Emanuel".
3745:Burials at Glenwood Cemetery (Washington, D.C.)
1018:. Radnor, Pennsylvania: Chilton Book Company.
194:. Leutze was mostly influenced by the painter
1262:
1155:
206:and Kaulbach, and, while there, finished his
3750:19th-century painters of historical subjects
3740:Württemberger emigrants to the United States
1133:Art and the empire city: New York, 1825-1861
329:. That portrait was owned by Hunt's brother
1218:Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way
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713:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
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598:Political Cartoon of the American Civil War
441:Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way
351:Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way
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727:
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873:21 Flags: Investigating American Identity
801:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1700519
734:American Artists in Düsseldorf: 1840–1865
3735:German people of the Revolutions of 1848
951:
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683:
669:. Oxford University Press. p. 144.
379:
373:. At the time of his death, a painting,
361:Late in life, he became a member of the
340:In 1860, Leutze was commissioned by the
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229:Columbus before the Council of Salamanca
35:Leutze in a photograph taken before 1868
866:
720:
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978:
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732:Witthoft, Brucia; et al. (1982).
666:The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art
662:
3616:Romanticism and the French Revolution
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1143:
1127:Reynolda House Museum of American Art
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158:Leutze was born in Schwäbisch Gmünd,
3765:Artists of the Boston Public Library
907:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
740:: Danforth Museum. pp. 14, 32.
894:
407:
13:
3755:National Academy of Design members
3725:19th-century American male artists
1169:
817:Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter:
779:
752:
472:Washington Rallying the Troops at
354:, which is also commonly known as
300:New York City and Washington, D.C.
14:
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1069:Leutze Gallery at MuseumSyndicate
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937:. New York: D. McKay Co. p.
140:best known for his 1851 painting
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1210:Washington Crossing the Delaware
904:Dictionary of American Biography
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398:Washington Crossing the Delaware
292:Washington Crossing the Delaware
255:Washington Crossing the Delaware
210:. The following year he visited
143:Washington Crossing the Delaware
29:
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879:
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273:Great Barrington, Massachusetts
3710:19th-century American painters
1103:New International Encyclopedia
1057:New International Encyclopedia
962:Alaska Department of Education
860:
842:
824:
811:
772:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
656:
375:The Emancipation of the Slaves
365:. He was also a member of the
344:to decorate a stairway in the
1:
3770:Düsseldorf school of painting
3639:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
1236:Düsseldorf school of painting
929:Heiderstadt, Dorothy (1970).
886:Preble, George Henry (1917).
649:
367:Union League Club of New York
312:. In a 1992 opinion, Justice
148:Düsseldorf school of painting
3720:19th-century German painters
3705:People from Schwäbisch Gmünd
1014:Hutton, Anne Hawkes (1975).
625:
153:
146:. He is associated with the
7:
867:Parrish, R. Nelson (2017).
792:American National Biography
384:Grave of Emanuel Leutze at
335:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
10:
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3556:Coleridge's theory of life
1119:Collier's New Encyclopedia
839:. MET publications. S. 7.
363:National Academy of Design
261:Metropolitan Museum of Art
3760:American history painters
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3611:Romanticism and economics
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208:Columbus before the Queen
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1391:German historical school
985:Brown University Library
716:. New York: D. Appleton.
663:Marter, Joan M. (2011).
425:before the Queen Isabela
202:, studying the works of
184:Kunstakademie Düsseldorf
164:Fredericksburg, Virginia
2038:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
1113:"Leutze, Emanuel"
1097:"Leutze, Emanuel"
1002:Additional References:
807:(subscription required)
707:"Leutze, Emanuel"
602:National Gallery of Art
134:Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze
16:German-American painter
3715:American male painters
3621:Romanticism in science
3576:Middle Ages in history
3571:List of Romantic poets
2283:Josiah Gilbert Holland
831:Barratt, Carrie Rebora
389:
319:Dred Scott v. Sandford
296:
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218:, making studies from
198:. In 1842, he went to
196:Karl Friedrich Lessing
160:Kingdom of Württemberg
116:Karl Friedrich Lessing
59:Kingdom of Württemberg
3591:Romantic epistemology
3581:Opium and Romanticism
2150:Stojadinović-Srpkinja
1376:Counter-Enlightenment
1081:Washington's Crossing
383:
377:, was in preparation.
308:, which hangs in the
289:
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271:of New York City and
3730:German male painters
3655:Age of Enlightenment
1297:England (literature)
423:Christopher Columbus
3606:Romantic psychology
1401:Hudson River School
1345:Sweden (literature)
1330:Russia (literature)
979:Harrington, Peter.
933:Painters of America
582:Nathaniel Hawthorne
549:William Morris Hunt
327:William Morris Hunt
250:Revolutions of 1848
1591:White Mountain art
1532:Historical fiction
1340:Spain (literature)
1087:2007-03-11 at the
1050:2017-01-18 at the
956:(Tenth ed.).
854:2008-06-08 at the
568:at Antietam (1863)
390:
310:Harvard Law School
306:Roger Brooke Taney
297:
284:
265:Battle of Monmouth
234:Columbus in Chains
226:. His first work,
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3596:Romantic medicine
3566:List of romantics
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2656:Felix Mendelssohn
2651:Fanny Mendelssohn
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2176:Rosalía de Castro
2114:Soares dos Passos
1462:Transcendentalism
1426:Nazarene movement
1386:Düsseldorf School
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1243:
1042:978-3-95747-033-1
1006:Wierich, Jochen.
763:Moritz Blanckarts
676:978-0-19-533579-8
495:Eduard de Stoeckl
491:William H. Seward
386:Glenwood Cemetery
371:Glenwood Cemetery
172:John Rubens Smith
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112:John Rubens Smith
89:Glenwood Cemetery
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821:. 1854, S. 139.
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767:Leutze, Emanuel
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621:
613:
604:
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529:
520:
512:
503:
499:Alaska Purchase
487:
478:
469:
460:
454:
445:
437:
428:
419:
410:
396:, and his epic
302:
238:Columbian Issue
180:
156:
138:history painter
126:History painter
114:
103:German American
91:
80:
74:
70:
61:
52:
46:
44:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3783:
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3573:
3568:
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3550:
3549:Related topics
3546:
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3512:
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3309:
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3299:
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3289:
3284:
3279:
3277:Gallen-Kallela
3274:
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3259:
3254:
3252:David d'Angers
3249:
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3209:
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3199:
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3189:Visual artists
3185:
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3149:Schleiermacher
3146:
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2084:Castelo Branco
2080:
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2073:
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2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
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2024:
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2016:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
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1962:
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1862:
1857:
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1827:
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1810:Brothers Grimm
1807:
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1797:
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1787:
1782:
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1771:
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1529:
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1522:
1512:
1510:Gothic fiction
1507:
1500:
1498:British Marine
1495:
1489:
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1398:
1396:Gothic revival
1393:
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1181:
1179:
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1174:
1171:Emanuel Leutze
1167:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1124:
1108:
1092:
1076:
1074:Emanuel Leutze
1071:
1064:
1063:External links
1061:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1030:
1024:
1011:
998:
997:
971:
968:. p. 227.
944:
921:
910:
893:
890:. p. 259.
878:
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841:
823:
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778:
751:
719:
682:
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477:(c. 1851-1854)
470:
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431:
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420:
413:
409:
406:
314:Antonin Scalia
301:
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186:in his native
179:
176:
166:, and then at
155:
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122:Known for
119:
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75:
73:(aged 52)
67:
63:
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42:
38:
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34:
26:
25:
23:Emanuel Leutze
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15:
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2:
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2369:Nikolai Gogol
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2031:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
2000:P. B. Shelley
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1980:Mary Robinson
1978:
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1973:
1971:
1968:
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1709:Chateaubriand
1707:
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1542:
1540:
1539:
1538:Mal du siècle
1535:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1523:
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698:Wilson, J. G.
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342:U.S. Congress
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269:David Leavitt
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85:Resting place
83:
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69:July 18, 1868
68:
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60:
56:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
3667:
3660:
3653:
3637:
3357:Porto-Alegre
3336:
3011:Philosophers
2895:Rachmaninoff
2344:Chavchavadze
2334:Baratashvili
2094:João de Deus
2063:Wincenty Pol
1855:Küchelbecker
1583:
1549:Noble savage
1536:
1502:
1477:Wallenrodism
1454:
1440:
1371:Coppet group
1305:(literature)
1216:
1208:
1200:
1192:
1184:
1170:
1132:
1117:
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1033:
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988:. Retrieved
984:
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835:
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665:
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600:, c. 1860s,
597:
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547:Portrait of
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531:
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489:
471:
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356:Westward Ho!
355:
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331:Leavitt Hunt
324:
317:
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290:
253:
242:
233:
227:
224:Michelangelo
207:
181:
168:Philadelphia
157:
141:
133:
132:
71:(1868-07-18)
51:May 24, 1816
3700:1868 deaths
3695:1816 births
3347:Michałowski
3179:Wackenroder
3144:F. Schlegel
3139:A. Schlegel
2915:Tchaikovsky
2804:Bortkiewicz
2676:R. Schumann
2671:C. Schumann
2636:Kalkbrenner
2605:Saint-Saëns
1910:Anne Brontë
1795:Eichendorff
1780:B. v. Arnim
1775:A. v. Arnim
1585:Weltschmerz
1544:Medievalism
1493:Blue flower
1421:Nationalist
1366:Bohemianism
1278:Romanticism
402:iconography
394:romanticism
100:Nationality
3689:Categories
3222:Chassériau
3197:Aivazovsky
2905:Rubinstein
2890:Mussorgsky
2839:Wieniawski
2824:Paderewski
2666:Moszkowski
2449:Vörösmarty
2439:Shevchenko
2293:Longfellow
2217:Batyushkov
2212:Baratynsky
2181:Espronceda
2048:Mickiewicz
2043:Malczewski
2010:Wordsworth
1995:M. Shelley
1950:de Quincey
1815:Günderrode
1699:Baudelaire
1579:Wanderlust
1416:Lake Poets
869:"21 Flags"
650:References
552:(ca. 1845)
47:1816-05-24
3662:Modernism
3322:Kiprensky
3282:Géricault
3267:Friedrich
3257:Delacroix
3232:Constable
3212:Bonington
3202:Bierstadt
3154:Senancour
3129:Schelling
3084:Lamennais
3079:Khomyakov
3044:Coleridge
3039:Chaadayev
2946:Stanković
2941:Mokranjac
2860:Balakirev
2819:Moniuszko
2768:Donizetti
2763:Cherubini
2661:Meyerbeer
2646:Marschner
2621:Beethoven
2534:Moscheles
2468:Musicians
2454:Wergeland
2419:Orbeliani
2374:Grundtvig
2278:Hawthorne
2247:Zhukovsky
2242:Vyazemsky
2227:Lermontov
2186:Gutiérrez
2145:Radičević
2109:Herculano
2033:Krasiński
1975:Radcliffe
1945:Coleridge
1920:E. Brontë
1915:C. Brontë
1845:Jean Paul
1840:Hölderlin
1729:Lamartine
1666:Magalhães
1656:Guimarães
1564:Pantheism
1554:Nostalgia
1406:Indianism
1354:Movements
1285:Countries
1178:Paintings
765:(1883), "
702:Fiske, J.
626:Footnotes
337:in 1878.
246:Malkasten
204:Cornelius
154:Biography
108:Education
3674:Category
3490:Dahlhaus
3475:Blanning
3442:Scholars
3412:Tropinin
3407:Tidemand
3397:Stattler
3392:Scheffer
3292:Głowacki
3262:Edelfelt
3217:Bryullov
3159:Snellman
3134:Schiller
3124:Rousseau
3104:Michelet
3049:Constant
3019:Belinsky
2992:Sibelius
2936:Konjović
2910:Scriabin
2880:Lyapunov
2814:Lipiński
2783:Spontini
2773:Paganini
2717:Goldmark
2508:Thalberg
2503:Schubert
2483:Bruckner
2444:Topelius
2434:Runeberg
2424:Prešeren
2394:Leopardi
2359:Frashëri
2349:Eminescu
2329:Andersen
2237:Tyutchev
2222:Karamzin
2196:Zorrilla
2191:Saavedra
2089:Castilho
2077:Portugal
2068:Słowacki
1970:Polidori
1900:Barbauld
1835:Hoffmann
1790:Brentano
1704:Bertrand
1525:Romantic
1361:Ancients
1335:Scotland
1085:Archived
1048:Archived
852:Archived
833:(2011).
746:3512328M
564:General
474:Monmouth
295:(1851)
244:of the "
3515:Lovejoy
3450:Abraham
3372:Richard
3362:Préault
3287:Girodet
3169:Thoreau
3114:Novalis
3099:Mazzini
3094:Maistre
3069:Hazlitt
3054:Emerson
3034:Carlyle
3024:Berchet
2967:Berwald
2962:Bennett
2931:Hristić
2885:Medtner
2865:Borodin
2855:Arensky
2778:Rossini
2753:Bellini
2732:Joachim
2705:Hungary
2686:Strauss
2614:Germany
2580:Berlioz
2549:Voříšek
2544:Smetana
2522:Czechia
2476:Austria
2409:Maturin
2404:Manzoni
2379:Heliade
2354:Foscolo
2324:Alfieri
2319:Abovian
2273:Emerson
2232:Pushkin
2171:Bécquer
2104:Garrett
2058:Potocki
2005:Southey
1965:Maturin
1935:Carlyle
1892:Britain
1865:Novalis
1820:Gutzkow
1768:Germany
1734:Mérimée
1719:Gautier
1646:Barreto
1641:Azevedo
1621:Alencar
1601:Writers
1520:Byronic
1456:Purismo
1310:Germany
1292:Denmark
1229:Related
1122:. 1921.
1106:. 1905.
346:Capitol
192:Schadow
188:Germany
3540:Wellek
3520:de Man
3505:Janion
3495:Ferber
3470:Berlin
3465:Beiser
3460:Barzun
3455:Abrams
3432:Wiertz
3417:Turner
3367:Révoil
3352:Palmer
3342:Martin
3337:Leutze
3312:Janmot
3272:Fuseli
3227:Church
3119:Quinet
3109:Müller
3064:Goethe
3059:Fichte
2982:Franck
2924:Serbia
2875:Glinka
2848:Russia
2834:Tausig
2829:Stolpe
2809:Chopin
2797:Poland
2758:Busoni
2722:Heller
2691:Wagner
2626:Brahms
2600:Onslow
2590:Halévy
2558:France
2539:Reicha
2529:Dvořák
2498:Mahler
2493:Hummel
2488:Czerny
2384:Isaacs
2364:Geijer
2298:Lowell
2288:Irving
2268:Cooper
2263:Bryant
2205:Russia
2140:Njegoš
2135:Kostić
2130:Jakšić
2123:Serbia
2053:Norwid
2028:Fredro
2020:Poland
1990:Seward
1880:Uhland
1870:Schwab
1860:Mörike
1850:Kleist
1805:Goethe
1800:Fouqué
1749:Nodier
1744:Nerval
1739:Musset
1691:France
1681:Varela
1676:Taunay
1661:Macedo
1609:Brazil
1559:Ossian
1486:Themes
1325:Poland
1320:Norway
1302:France
1221:(1861)
1213:(1851)
1205:(1848)
1197:(1843)
1189:(1841)
1040:
1022:
958:Juneau
805:
744:
673:
620:(1841)
585:(1862)
534:(1865)
519:(1848)
502:(1867)
459:(1852)
444:(1860)
427:(1843)
220:Titian
212:Venice
200:Munich
178:Europe
95:, U.S.
79:, U.S.
3626:Bacon
3535:Rosen
3530:Ricks
3525:Nancy
3485:Blume
3480:Bloom
3402:Stroy
3387:Saleh
3382:Runge
3332:Lampi
3317:Jones
3307:Hayez
3242:Corot
3207:Blake
3174:Tieck
3164:Staël
3089:Larra
3074:Hegel
3029:Burke
2987:Grieg
2977:Field
2972:Elgar
2955:Other
2788:Verdi
2746:Italy
2737:Liszt
2727:Hubay
2712:Erkel
2696:Weber
2681:Spohr
2641:Loewe
2631:Bruch
2595:Méhul
2585:Fauré
2575:Auber
2570:Alkan
2429:Raffi
2399:Mácha
2389:Lenau
2339:Botev
2312:Other
2164:Spain
2099:Dinis
1985:Scott
1960:Keats
1940:Clare
1930:Byron
1925:Burns
1905:Blake
1890:Great
1875:Tieck
1830:Heine
1825:Hauff
1759:Vigny
1754:Staël
1714:Dumas
1636:Assis
1631:Alves
1616:Abreu
1569:Rhine
1472:Ultra
1315:Japan
990:8 May
3500:Frye
3427:Ward
3422:Veit
3377:Rude
3327:Koch
3302:Gude
3297:Goya
3247:Dahl
3237:Cole
2565:Adam
2513:Wolf
2256:U.S.
2155:Zmaj
1785:Beer
1724:Hugo
1671:Reis
1651:Dias
1515:Hero
1450:Post
1411:Jena
1381:Dark
1038:ISBN
1020:ISBN
992:2015
671:ISBN
493:and
222:and
216:Rome
214:and
66:Died
41:Born
2997:Sor
2870:Cui
2303:Poe
1436:Pre
1431:Neo
797:doi
769:",
3691::
3652:←
1116:.
1100:.
983:.
964:,
960::
939:88
871:.
781:^
754:^
742:OL
736:.
722:^
710:.
700:;
685:^
404:.
358:.
275:.
150:.
57:,
3665:→
1270:e
1263:t
1256:v
1163:e
1156:t
1149:v
1028:.
994:.
941:.
875:.
803:.
799::
748:.
679:.
388:.
49:)
45:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
