1086:(1956–1976) for Sudan virus, with the most recent common ancestor among the four species included in the analysis (Ebola virus, Tai Forest virus, Sudan virus, and Reston virus) estimated at 1000–2100 years. The most recent common ancestor of the Marburg and Sudan species appears to have evolved 700 and 850 years before present respectively. Although mutational clocks placed the divergence time of extant filoviruses at ~10,000 years before the present, dating of orthologous endogenous elements (paleoviruses) in the genomes of hamsters and voles indicated that the extant genera of filovirids had a common ancestor at least as old as the Miocene (~16–23 million or so years ago).
479:
83:
569:
487:
42:
4123:
59:
4113:
1646:
Paleoviral elements are known from each of the four main divergent clades of filoviruses. While orthologous elements in mammal genomes support a minimum age for filoviruses of tens of million of years, the existence of filoviruses and their elements in divergent lineages of fishes suggests that the
542:
located at the 3' end of the genome. Transcription either terminates after a gene or continues to the next gene downstream. This means that genes close to the 3' end of the genome are transcribed in the greatest abundance, whereas those toward the 5' end are least likely to be transcribed. The gene
1706:
could result in a change in transmission system from direct body fluid transmission to airborne transmission, as was seen in Reston virus (another member of genus
Ebolavirus) between infected macaques. A similar change in the current circulating strains of EBOV could greatly increase the infection
2038:
Netesov, S.V.; Feldmann, H.; Jahrling, P. B.; Klenk, H. D.; Sanchez, A. (2000). "Family
Filoviridae". In van Regenmortel, M. H. V.; Fauquet, C. M.; Bishop, D. H. L.; Carstens, E. B.; Estes, M. K.; Lemon, S. M.; Maniloff, J.; Mayo, M. A.; McGeoch, D. J.; Pringle, C. R.; Wickner, R. B. (eds.).
1085:
The mutation rates in these genomes have been estimated to be between 0.46 × 10 and 8.21 × 10 nucleotide substitutions/site/year. The most recent common ancestor of sequenced filovirus variants was estimated to be 1971 (1960–1976) for Ebola virus, 1970 (1948–1987) for Reston virus, and 1969
551:
in the cell determines when the RdRp switches from gene transcription to genome replication. Replication results in full-length, positive-stranded antigenomes that are in turn transcribed into negative-stranded virus progeny genome copies. Newly synthesized structural proteins and genomes
2156:
Kuhn, J. H.; Becker, S.; Ebihara, H.; Geisbert, T. W.; Jahrling, P. B.; Kawaoka, Y.; Netesov, S. V.; Nichol, S. T.; Peters, C. J.; Volchkov, V. E.; Ksiazek, T. G. (2011). "Family
Filoviridae". In King, Andrew M. Q.; Adams, Michael J.; Carstens, Eric B.; et al. (eds.).
2012:
Jahrling, P. B.; Kiley, M. P.; Klenk, H.-D.; Peters, C. J.; Sanchez, A.; Swanepoel, R. (1995). "Family
Filoviridae". In Murphy, F. A.; Fauquet, C. M.; Bishop, D. H. L.; Ghabrial, S. A.; Jarvis, A. W.; Martelli, G. P.; Mayo, M. A.; Summers, M. D. (eds.).
2067:
Feldmann, H.; Geisbert, T. W.; Jahrling, P. B.; Klenk, H.-D.; Netesov, S. V.; Peters, C. J.; Sanchez, A.; Swanepoel, R.; Volchkov, V. E. (2005). "Family
Filoviridae". In Fauquet, C. M.; Mayo, M. A.; Maniloff, J.; Desselberger, U.; Ball, L. A. (eds.).
1693:
There are presently very limited vaccines for known filovirus. An effective vaccine against EBOV, developed in Canada, was approved for use in 2019 in the US and Europe. Similarly, efforts to develop a vaccine against
Marburg virus are under way.
754:
it forms nucleocapsids with a central axial channel (≈10–15 nm in width) surrounded by a dark layer (≈20 nm in width) and an outer helical layer (≈50 nm in width) with a cross striation (periodicity of
5565:
2240:
1826:
Kiley MP, Bowen ET, Eddy GA, Isaäcson M, Johnson KM, McCormick JB, Murphy FA, Pattyn SR, Peters D, Prozesky OW, Regnery RL, Simpson DI, Slenczka W, Sureau P, van der Groen G, Webb PA, Wulff H (1982).
3315:
1647:
virus family is hundreds of millions of years old. Paleoviruses that appear to be derived from filovirus-like viruses have been identified in the genomes of many small-bodied species including
2955:"A Recombinant Rabies Virus Expressing the Marburg Virus Glycoprotein Is Dependent upon Antibody-Mediated Cellular Cytotoxicity for Protection against Marburg Virus Disease in a Murine Model"
2349:
466:, never abbreviated, and to be preceded by the word "family". The names of its members (filoviruses or filovirids) are to be written in lower case, are not italicized, and used without
2102:
Kuhn JH, Becker S, Ebihara H, Geisbert TW, Johnson KM, Kawaoka Y, Lipkin WI, Negredo AI, Netesov SV, Nichol ST, Palacios G, Peters CJ, Tenorio A, Volchkov VE, Jahrling PB (2010).
1171:
1390:
2350:
Melanie M. Hierweger, Michel C. Koch, Melanie Rupp, Piet Maes, Nicholas Di Paola, Rémy
Bruggmann, Jens H. Kuhn, Heike Schmidt-Posthaus & Torsten Seuberlich (2021-11-22).
1243:
3216:
1295:
1277:
3395:
3390:
1216:
1189:
3036:
5218:
3855:
1910:
1580:
1553:
1417:
1480:
1331:
1065:
1770:; Leroy, EM; Mühlberger, E; Netesov, SV; Palacios, G; Pályi, B; Pawęska, JT; Smither, SJ; Takada, A; Towner, JS; Wahl, V; ICTV Report, Consortium (June 2019).
1453:
1071:
560:
off from the cell, gaining their envelopes from the cellular membrane they bud from. The mature progeny particles then infect other cells to repeat the cycle.
2953:
Keshwara, Rohan; Hagen, Katie R.; Abreu-Mota, Tiago; Papaneri, Amy B.; Liu, David; Wirblich, Christoph; Johnson, Reed F.; Schnell, Matthias J. (2019-03-05).
340:
1535:
3410:
1049:
1043:
794:
it forms virions that are predominantly filamentous (U- and 6-shaped) and that are ≈80 nm in width, and several hundred nm and up to 14 μm in length
3320:
1607:
4159:
1134:
1766:
Kuhn, JH; Amarasinghe, GK; Basler, CF; Bavari, S; Bukreyev, A; Chandran, K; Crozier, I; Dolnik, O; Dye, JM; Formenty, PBH; Griffiths, A; Hewson, R;
4974:
2444:
2401:
5503:
3860:
451:
410:
378:
371:
364:
280:
1989:
Classification and
Nomenclature of Viruses-Fifth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Archives of Virology Supplement
5516:
5228:
4093:
4076:
3845:
1512:
1058:
219:
4060:
4043:
3850:
1036:
212:
1718:
strain with aerosol transmission capability emerging in the future as a serious threat to national security and has collaborated with the
4603:
3835:
1866:
3310:
1719:
344:
3370:
1962:
1908:
5490:
3400:
4240:
3208:
2560:"Unexpected Inheritance: Multiple Integrations of Ancient Bornavirus and Ebolavirus/Marburgvirus Sequences in Vertebrate Genomes"
1936:
3799:
3365:
3200:
Theoretical
Evidence That The Ebola Virus Zaire Strain May Be Selenium-Dependent: A Factor In Pathogenesis And Viral Outbreaks?
2104:"Proposal for a revised taxonomy of the family Filoviridae: Classification, names of taxa and viruses, and virus abbreviations"
1707:
and disease rates caused by EBOV. However, there is no record of any Ebola strain ever having made this transition in humans.
4152:
3257:
3132:
3113:
3094:
3075:
2174:
4477:
4126:
3703:
3355:
3305:
3106:
Filoviruses—A Compendium of 40 Years of
Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Studies. Archives of Virology Supplement
4592:
1987:
McCormick, J. B. (1991). "Family Filoviridae". In Francki, R. I. B.; Fauquet, C. M.; Knudson, D. L.; et al. (eds.).
1914:
543:
order is therefore a simple but effective form of transcriptional regulation. The most abundant protein produced is the
4116:
3840:
3325:
2807:
4467:
3774:
2190:
Carroll SA, Towner JS, Sealy TK, McMullan LK, Khristova ML, Burt FJ, Swanepoel R, Rollin PE, Nichol ST (March 2013).
2077:
2048:
2022:
1996:
374:
that was defined in 1982 and emended in 1991, 1998, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2011. The family currently includes the six
5529:
4979:
4819:
4352:
4347:
4145:
5521:
3160:
3011:
2015:
Virus Taxonomy—Sixth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Archives of Virology Supplement
3340:
3300:
1711:
685:
2762:"Genomic transfers help to decipher the ancient evolution of filoviruses and interactions with vertebrate hosts"
2662:"Genomic transfers help to decipher the ancient evolution of filoviruses and interactions with vertebrate hosts"
2460:"Genomic transfers help to decipher the ancient evolution of filoviruses and interactions with vertebrate hosts"
5617:
4754:
3335:
1867:
US Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
717:
418:. The members of the family (i.e. the actual physical entities) are called filoviruses or filovirids. The name
5011:
4651:
4250:
336:
797:
it forms virions that have surface projections ≈7 nm in length spaced ≈10 nm apart from each other
284:
5302:
5297:
4905:
3360:
515:
1909:
US National Institutes of Health (NIH), US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).
5627:
5622:
4932:
4927:
4915:
4457:
4340:
3634:
3345:
3330:
827:
17:
3295:
82:
5632:
5021:
4939:
4920:
4286:
3624:
2301:"Evidence that ebolaviruses and cuevaviruses have been diverging from marburgviruses since the Miocene"
5612:
5534:
5144:
4607:
4499:
3250:
3176:
328:
5580:
5223:
5166:
5044:
4839:
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737:
519:
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976:
5642:
5327:
4989:
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4889:
4684:
4670:
4646:
4588:
4398:
4282:
3287:
1676:
591:
499:
317:
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4674:
4642:
4618:
4453:
4331:
4255:
4230:
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4195:
3646:
3225:
2166:
2414:
5574:
5508:
5455:
5107:
5016:
4994:
4658:
4567:
4335:
4137:
3953:
3434:
3415:
2438:
2395:
2192:"Molecular evolution of viruses of the family Filoviridae based on 97 whole-genome sequences"
1702:
There has been a pressing concern that a very slight genetic mutation to a filovirus such as
931:
531:
495:
4122:
2417:"Detection and characterization of a novel bat filovirus (Dehong virus, DEHV) in fruit bats"
2158:
5607:
5477:
5159:
5154:
4533:
3877:
3243:
2929:
2714:
2512:
1714:’s National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center considers the risk of a mutated
1013:
782:
503:
77:
1966:
8:
5080:
4949:
4744:
3794:
3520:
3405:
1738:
66:
5095:
3480:
2718:
2516:
982:
506:
of the virion envelope with cellular membranes and the concomitant release of the virus
5292:
4419:
3666:
3606:
2987:
2954:
2886:
2853:
2826:
2737:
2702:
2637:
2610:
2586:
2559:
2535:
2500:
2378:
2351:
2327:
2300:
2281:
2268:
2216:
2191:
2128:
2103:
1798:
1771:
922:
916:
894:
820:
539:
433:
2910:
2352:"Novel Filoviruses, Hantavirus, and Rhabdovirus in Freshwater Fish, Switzerland, 2017"
1940:
5637:
5464:
5372:
5149:
4492:
4306:
3990:
3686:
3661:
3375:
3198:
3128:
3109:
3090:
3071:
2992:
2974:
2891:
2873:
2834:
2783:
2742:
2683:
2642:
2591:
2540:
2481:
2383:
2332:
2273:
2221:
2170:
2159:
2133:
2073:
2044:
2018:
1992:
1849:
1803:
946:
872:
727:
467:
1889:
5469:
5100:
5085:
4715:
4526:
4521:
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3488:
3460:
3440:
3350:
2982:
2966:
2881:
2865:
2816:
2773:
2732:
2722:
2673:
2632:
2622:
2581:
2571:
2530:
2520:
2471:
2424:
2373:
2363:
2322:
2312:
2299:
Taylor, D. J.; Ballinger, M. J.; Zhan, J. J.; Hanzly, L. E.; Bruenn, J. A. (2014).
2285:
2263:
2255:
2211:
2203:
2123:
2115:
2041:
Virus Taxonomy—Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
1839:
1793:
1783:
991:
961:
937:
748:
679:
238:
2070:
Virus Taxonomy—Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
5585:
5177:
4807:
4800:
4795:
4598:
4509:
4389:
4384:
3726:
3718:
3681:
3676:
3220:
2778:
2761:
2678:
2661:
2627:
2576:
2476:
2459:
2161:
Virus Taxonomy—Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
1743:
731:
578:
478:
414:
352:
292:
288:
155:
131:
740:
initiation and termination signals not found in genomes of other mononegaviruses
5004:
4692:
4663:
3736:
3691:
3651:
3380:
1934:
801:
668:
644:
641:
623:
459:
143:
5059:
2429:
2416:
2259:
2119:
5601:
5351:
5261:
5209:
5130:
5112:
5034:
4954:
4830:
4812:
4724:
4514:
4171:
3883:
3671:
3629:
3601:
3578:
3515:
2978:
2877:
2727:
2525:
2415:
Biao He, Tingsong Hu, Xiaomin Yan, Fuqiang Zhang, Changchun Tu (2023-08-07).
1890:"Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) 5th Edition"
1767:
1019:
789:
771:
553:
548:
544:
324:
301:
119:
70:
3149:
5440:
5365:
5191:
4965:
4780:
4699:
4633:
4622:
4579:
4414:
4407:
4402:
4357:
4322:
4265:
4207:
4027:
4011:
3995:
3933:
3819:
3712:
3656:
3448:
2996:
2895:
2787:
2746:
2687:
2646:
2595:
2544:
2485:
2387:
2368:
2336:
2277:
2225:
2137:
1807:
1006:
952:
900:
878:
759:
568:
507:
486:
400:
348:
205:
3210:
Can Selenite Be An Ultimate Inhibitor Of Ebola And Other Viral Infections?
2838:
1853:
5449:
5196:
5186:
5090:
4898:
4893:
4789:
4768:
4553:
4487:
4444:
4374:
4296:
4220:
4175:
3906:
3804:
3568:
3525:
3510:
3466:
3037:"Feature Article: New Tech Makes Detecting Airborne Ebola Virus Possible"
2970:
2207:
1788:
1715:
997:
967:
887:
463:
388:
297:
191:
3068:
Marburg and Ebola Viruses. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
2869:
2830:
5383:
5313:
5283:
5233:
5117:
4999:
4880:
4735:
4613:
4544:
4426:
4275:
3973:
3888:
3755:
3639:
3583:
3550:
3277:
3125:
Ebola and Marburg Viruses—A View of Infection Using Electron Microscopy
1672:
1027:
909:
865:
619:
394:
382:
304:. Both viruses, and some of their lesser known relatives, cause severe
198:
184:
49:
2317:
1887:
1844:
1827:
41:
5392:
4184:
3560:
1685:
and the rodent family Spalacidae have been maintained by selection.
1668:
775:
654:
637:
332:
107:
5557:
5495:
5411:
5434:
4168:
2821:
2802:
816:
809:
744:
576:
A virus that fulfills the criteria for being a member of the order
535:
313:
3183:. Scientific resources for research on filoviruses. Archived from
5322:
5271:
5249:
3958:
3916:
3911:
3764:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3015:
2703:"Evolutionary maintenance of filovirus-like genes in bat genomes"
1664:
831:
627:
601:
595:
557:
511:
305:
2292:
1671:
and fishes. Although most filovirus-like elements appear to be
518:(RdRp, or RNA replicase) partially uncoats the nucleocapsid and
432:(alluding to the filamentous morphology of filovirions) and the
351:, and are listed as Biological Agents for Export Control by the
58:
5569:
5360:
5139:
4868:
4857:
3555:
2952:
2501:"Filoviruses are ancient and integrated into mammalian genomes"
1868:
1681:
1660:
1652:
650:
631:
613:
436:
262:
4167:
3235:
1828:"Filoviridae: A taxonomic home for Marburg and Ebola viruses?"
572:
Schematic representation of the filovirus genome organization.
271:
5482:
3573:
3545:
2072:. San Diego, USA: Elsevier/Academic Press. pp. 645–653.
2066:
1656:
523:
423:
375:
309:
94:
2909:
Research, Center for Biologics Evaluation and (2020-01-27).
2700:
2037:
2017:. Vol. 10. Vienna, Austria: Springer. pp. 289–92.
1911:"Biodefense — NIAID Category A, B, and C Priority Pathogens"
4431:
1991:. Vol. 2. Vienna, Austria: Springer. pp. 247–49.
1765:
1703:
1697:
527:
450:
According to the rules for taxon naming established by the
426:
253:
247:
3184:
2189:
2298:
2155:
2101:
1648:
661:
609:
605:
265:
3856:
2023 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Equatorial Guinea
3087:
Ebola and Marburg Viruses—Molecular and Cellular Biology
3012:"Scientists see risk of mutant airborne Ebola as remote"
2558:
Belyi VA, Levine AJ, Skalka AM (2010). Buchmeier (ed.).
2011:
490:
Replication cycle of filoviruses at and inside host cell
296:. Two members of the family that are commonly known are
1372:
498:
begins with virion attachment to specific cell-surface
2701:
Taylor DJ, Dittmar K, Ballinger MJ, Bruenn JA (2011).
1825:
2803:"An Introduction to Ebola: The Virus and the Disease"
1935:
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
452:
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
341:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
244:
241:
5547:
2852:
Plummer, Francis A.; Jones, Steven M. (2017-10-30).
1675:, evolutionary and structural analyses suggest that
552:
self-assemble and accumulate near the inside of the
268:
259:
250:
3070:. Vol. 235. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
2043:. San Diego, USA: Academic Press. pp. 539–48.
1928:
256:
2608:
3123:Ryabchikova, Elena I.; Price, Barbara B. (2004).
2557:
2498:
5599:
3227:Many In West Africa May Be Immune To Ebola Virus
3122:
2232:
2165:. London, UK: Elsevier/Academic Press. pp.
1902:
1720:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
664:genome that constitutes ≈1.1% of the virion mass
3861:2023 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Tanzania
2927:
2602:
2062:
2060:
1960:
1679:isolated from several species of the bat genus
3089:. Wymondham, Norfolk, UK: Horizon Bioscience.
2759:
2659:
2457:
1963:"List of Biological Agents for Export Control"
27:Family of viruses in the order Mononegavirales
4153:
3846:2021 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Guinea
3251:
3084:
2611:"Endogenous Viral Elements in Animal Genomes"
1954:
684:its genome contains seven genes in the order
343:as Category A Priority Pathogens, and by the
3851:2022 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Ghana
3085:Klenk, Hans-Dieter; Feldmann, Heinz (2004).
2851:
2443:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2400:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2057:
1888:US Department of Health and Human Services.
563:
482:Replication cycle of filoviruses and vectors
323:All filoviruses are classified by the US as
4604:Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
3836:1967 Marburg virus outbreak in West Germany
3306:2013−2016 West African Ebola virus epidemic
3108:. Vol. 20. Vienna, Austria: Springer.
2800:
2760:Taylor, Derek J.; Barnhart, Max H. (2024).
2660:Taylor, Derek J.; Barnhart, Max H. (2024).
2458:Taylor, Derek J.; Barnhart, Max H. (2024).
2183:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
1860:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1722:to design methods to detect EBOV aerosols.
4160:
4146:
3258:
3244:
2858:CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal
2492:
1772:"ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Filoviridae"
345:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
285:single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses
57:
40:
2986:
2885:
2820:
2777:
2736:
2726:
2677:
2636:
2626:
2585:
2575:
2551:
2534:
2524:
2475:
2428:
2377:
2367:
2326:
2316:
2267:
2215:
2127:
1986:
1843:
1797:
1787:
3387:Recent DR Congo outbreaks and epidemics
2908:
2144:
2086:
1814:
1698:Mutation concerns and pandemic potential
1089:Filoviridae cladogram is the following:
567:
485:
477:
333:Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment
3779:(2019 miniseries based on Preston book)
3127:. Columbus, Ohio, USA: Battelle Press.
3009:
2928:CZARSKA-THORLEY, Dagmara (2019-10-16).
1869:"National Select Agent Registry (NSAR)"
14:
5600:
4085:
4052:
4020:
3982:
3800:Ebola virus disease treatment research
2499:Taylor DJ, Leach RW, Bruenn J (2010).
2238:
838:
5416:
5415:
4975:Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
4141:
3239:
3065:
2854:"The story of Canada's Ebola vaccine"
2801:Peters CJ, LeDuc JW (February 1999).
2241:"Evolutionary history of Ebola virus"
331:as Risk Group 4 Pathogens (requiring
4112:
3103:
1881:
4478:Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
3010:Kelland, Kate (19 September 2014).
788:it forms virions that bud from the
538:. Filovirus RdRps bind to a single
24:
3841:2017 Uganda Marburg virus outbreak
3326:United Nations Ebola Response Fund
3058:
2808:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
2609:Katzourakis A, Gifford RJ (2010).
2408:
534:into structural and nonstructural
25:
5654:
3143:
1394:(Marburg virus & Ravn virus)
826:it forms virions that are poorly
636:it exclusively replicates in the
4468:Western equine encephalomyelitis
4458:Eastern equine encephalomyelitis
4121:
4111:
1641:
1080:
678:its genome contains one or more
442:(which denotes a virus family).
237:
81:
4593:Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever
3265:
3041:Department of Homeland Security
3029:
3003:
2946:
2921:
2902:
2845:
2794:
2753:
2694:
2653:
2451:
2343:
2031:
2005:
1776:The Journal of General Virology
1712:Department of Homeland Security
848:: genera, species, and viruses
4755:Kemerovo tickborne viral fever
1980:
1937:"Bioterrorism Agents/Diseases"
1759:
1744:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1731:
1172:Orthoebolavirus bundibugyoense
758:it expresses a class I fusion
743:it forms nucleocapsids with a
358:
349:Category A Bioterrorism Agents
13:
1:
5012:Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
4251:Jamestown Canyon encephalitis
1725:
1391:Orthomarburgvirus marburgense
473:
337:National Institutes of Health
4906:Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever
2779:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011864
2679:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011864
2628:10.1371/journal.pgen.1001191
2577:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001030
2477:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011864
2356:Emerging Infectious Diseases
516:RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
7:
4928:Brazilian hemorrhagic fever
4916:Argentine hemorrhagic fever
3635:Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum
3331:Operation United Assistance
3066:Klenk, Hans-Dieter (1999).
1688:
1244:Orthoebolavirus bombaliense
10:
5659:
4940:Bolivian hemorrhagic fever
4820:Sandfly fever Naples virus
1296:Orthoebolavirus restonense
1025:
1003:
988:
985:(TAFV; previously CIEBOV)
973:
958:
955:(RESTV; previously REBOV)
943:
928:
906:
884:
862:
859:Virus name (abbreviation)
582:is a member of the family
5551:
5424:
5381:
5349:
5340:
5311:
5281:
5259:
5248:
5207:
5175:
5128:
5069:
5058:
5032:
4963:
4878:
4867:
4856:
4828:
4778:
4767:
4733:
4713:
4631:
4608:Huaiyangshan banyangvirus
4577:
4566:
4542:
4442:
4320:
4205:
4194:
4183:
4107:
4074:
4041:
4009:
3971:
3946:
3925:
3899:
3869:
3828:
3817:
3787:
3702:
3617:
3594:
3503:
3426:
3316:Reported cases and deaths
3286:
3275:
2934:European Medicines Agency
2430:10.1101/2023.08.07.552227
2260:10.1017/S0950268813002215
2120:10.1007/s00705-010-0814-x
1604:
1584:= Huángjiāo virus (HUJV)
1577:
1550:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1504:
1477:
1450:
1414:
1387:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1328:
1292:
1278:Orthoebolavirus sudanense
1274:
1267:
1240:
1213:
1186:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1126:
1119:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1011:
1004:
1000:(EBOV; previously ZEBOV)
970:(SUDV; previously SEBOV)
940:(BDBV; previously BEBOV)
907:
564:Family inclusion criteria
329:World Health Organization
180:
175:
76:
65:
56:
48:
39:
32:
5224:SARS-related coronavirus
5187:Henipavirus encephalitis
5045:Murid gammaherpesvirus 4
4890:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
4671:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
4643:Arbovirus encephalitides
4619:Arbovirus encephalitides
4589:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
4554:Banna virus encephalitis
4454:Arbovirus encephalitides
4399:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
4365:Saint Louis encephalitis
4332:Arbovirus encephalitides
4283:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
4217:Arbovirus encephalitides
2815:(Supplement 1): ix–xvi.
2728:10.1186/1471-2148-11-336
2707:BMC Evolutionary Biology
2526:10.1186/1471-2148-10-193
2505:BMC Evolutionary Biology
1611:= Oberland virus (OBLV)
1217:Orthoebolavirus zairense
815:of at least 1.40; and a
800:it forms virions with a
785:that is not glycosylated
318:viral hemorrhagic fevers
5328:Yaba monkey tumor virus
4685:Kyasanur Forest disease
4647:Tick-borne encephalitis
4348:Australian encephalitis
4241:California encephalitis
2239:Li YH, Chen SP (2014).
1457:= Tapajós virus (TAPV)
1190:Orthoebolavirus taiense
781:it expresses a primary
778:at its cytoplasmic tail
592:viral hemorrhagic fever
526:into positive-stranded
445:
409:and is included in the
4675:Omsk hemorrhagic fever
4256:La Crosse encephalitis
3104:Kuhn, Jens H. (2008).
2369:10.3201/eid2712.210491
1581:Thamnovirus thamnaconi
1557:= Kander virus (KNDV)
1554:Thamnovirus kanderense
1484:= Xīlǎng virus (XILV)
1421:= Měnglà virus (MLAV)
1418:Dianlovirus menglaense
1335:= Lloviu virus (LLOV)
573:
491:
483:
5618:Animal viral diseases
5108:Marburg virus disease
4659:Powassan encephalitis
4336:Japanese encephalitis
4094:Huangjiao thamnovirus
3954:Marburg virus disease
3475:Taï Forest ebolavirus
3435:Bundibugyo ebolavirus
3169:NCBI Taxonomy Browser
1961:The Australia Group.
1539:= Fiwi virus (FIWIV)
1481:Striavirus antennarii
1332:Cuevavirus lloviuense
1220:= Ebola virus (EBOV)
1066:Huangjiao thamnovirus
977:Taï Forest ebolavirus
932:Bundibugyo ebolavirus
571:
489:
481:
52:structure and genome
4534:Semliki Forest virus
3878:Marburg marburgvirus
2971:10.1128/JVI.01865-18
2208:10.1128/JVI.03118-12
2108:Archives of Virology
1789:10.1099/jgv.0.001252
1454:Tapjovirus bothropis
1376:Dehong virus (DEHV)
1014:Marburg marburgvirus
736:its genome contains
422:is derived from the
78:Virus classification
5081:Ebola virus disease
4745:Colorado tick fever
4500:O'nyong'nyong fever
3795:Ebola virus disease
3301:1976 Zaire outbreak
3296:1976 Sudan outbreak
2959:Journal of Virology
2870:10.1503/cmaj.170704
2864:(43): E1326–E1327.
2719:2011BMCEE..11..336T
2517:2010BMCEE..10..193T
849:
839:Family organization
67:Electron micrograph
5628:Hemorrhagic fevers
5623:Biological weapons
5293:Simian foamy virus
3667:Thomas Eric Duncan
3219:2020-11-19 at the
1536:Thamnovirus percae
1096:Filoviridae
917:Bombali ebolavirus
895:Mengla dianlovirus
843:
821:potassium tartrate
730:to genes of other
574:
492:
484:
5633:Tropical diseases
5595:
5594:
5545:
5544:
5418:Taxon identifiers
5409:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5336:
5335:
5244:
5243:
5054:
5053:
4852:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4763:
4762:
4562:
4561:
4307:Rift Valley fever
4135:
4134:
4103:
4102:
4070:
4069:
4061:Xilang striavirus
4037:
4036:
4005:
4004:
3991:Lloviu cuevavirus
3967:
3966:
3813:
3812:
3662:Pauline Cafferkey
3625:Ebola researchers
3565:
3449:Reston ebolavirus
3376:Ouse to Ouse Tock
3134:978-1-57477-131-2
3115:978-3-211-20670-6
3096:978-0-9545232-3-7
3077:978-3-540-64729-4
2362:(12): 3082–3091.
2318:10.7717/peerj.556
2248:Epidemiol. Infect
2176:978-0-12-384684-6
2114:(12): 2083–2103.
1845:10.1159/000149300
1747:. Merriam-Webster
1638:
1637:
1629:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1593:
1592:
1566:
1565:
1493:
1492:
1466:
1465:
1439:
1438:
1430:
1429:
1403:
1402:
1344:
1343:
1317:
1316:
1308:
1307:
1256:
1255:
1229:
1228:
1202:
1201:
1078:
1077:
1044:Xilang striavirus
947:Reston ebolavirus
873:Lloviu cuevavirus
667:its genome has a
530:, which are then
372:virological taxon
228:
227:
16:(Redirected from
5650:
5613:Primate diseases
5549:
5548:
5538:
5537:
5525:
5524:
5512:
5511:
5499:
5498:
5486:
5485:
5473:
5472:
5460:
5459:
5458:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5413:
5412:
5347:
5346:
5257:
5256:
5067:
5066:
4876:
4875:
4865:
4864:
4840:Chandipura virus
4776:
4775:
4716:Orthomyxoviridae
4575:
4574:
4522:Ross River fever
4287:Bunyamwera fever
4203:
4202:
4192:
4191:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4139:
4138:
4125:
4115:
4114:
4083:
4082:
4050:
4049:
4018:
4017:
3980:
3979:
3939:
3826:
3825:
3780:
3770:
3760:
3752:
3747:Executive Orders
3742:
3732:
3722:
3563:
3489:Zaire ebolavirus
3461:Sudan ebolavirus
3284:
3283:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3237:
3236:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3172:
3138:
3119:
3100:
3081:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2990:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2889:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2824:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2781:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2740:
2730:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2681:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2640:
2630:
2621:(11): e1001191.
2606:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2579:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2538:
2528:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2479:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2442:
2434:
2432:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2399:
2391:
2381:
2371:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2330:
2320:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2271:
2254:(6): 1138–1145.
2245:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2219:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2164:
2153:
2142:
2141:
2131:
2099:
2084:
2083:
2064:
2055:
2054:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1965:. Archived from
1958:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1943:on July 22, 2014
1939:. Archived from
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1913:. Archived from
1906:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1847:
1823:
1812:
1811:
1801:
1791:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1735:
1608:Oblavirus percae
1528:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1507:
1506:
1365:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1270:
1269:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1129:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1093:
1092:
992:Zaire ebolavirus
983:Taï Forest virus
962:Sudan ebolavirus
938:Bundibugyo virus
850:
842:
807:
674:
669:molecular weight
458:is always to be
278:
277:
274:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
86:
85:
61:
44:
30:
29:
21:
5658:
5657:
5653:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5648:
5647:
5598:
5597:
5596:
5591:
5590:
5560:
5546:
5541:
5533:
5528:
5520:
5515:
5507:
5502:
5494:
5489:
5481:
5476:
5468:
5463:
5454:
5453:
5448:
5439:
5438:
5433:
5420:
5410:
5397:
5377:
5342:
5332:
5307:
5277:
5251:
5240:
5203:
5178:Paramyxoviridae
5171:
5124:
5061:
5050:
5028:
4959:
4870:
4859:
4844:
4824:
4808:Pappataci fever
4801:Oropouche virus
4796:Oropouche fever
4770:
4759:
4729:
4709:
4627:
4599:Heartland virus
4569:
4558:
4538:
4510:Pogosta disease
4438:
4385:West Nile fever
4316:
4197:
4186:
4179:
4166:
4136:
4131:
4099:
4066:
4033:
4001:
3963:
3942:
3937:
3926:Popular culture
3921:
3900:Drug candidates
3895:
3865:
3809:
3783:
3778:
3768:
3758:
3750:
3740:
3730:
3719:Richard Preston
3716:
3704:Popular culture
3698:
3682:Matthew Lukwiya
3677:Sheik Umar Khan
3613:
3590:
3504:Drug candidates
3499:
3422:
3416:2021 North Kivu
3356:in Sierra Leone
3271:
3264:
3221:Wayback Machine
3190:
3188:
3175:
3159:
3146:
3141:
3135:
3116:
3097:
3078:
3061:
3059:Further reading
3056:
3046:
3044:
3043:. 20 April 2021
3035:
3034:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3008:
3004:
2951:
2947:
2938:
2936:
2926:
2922:
2907:
2903:
2850:
2846:
2799:
2795:
2772:(9): e1011864.
2758:
2754:
2699:
2695:
2672:(9): e1011864.
2658:
2654:
2607:
2603:
2570:(7): e1001030.
2556:
2552:
2497:
2493:
2470:(9): e1011864.
2456:
2452:
2436:
2435:
2413:
2409:
2393:
2392:
2348:
2344:
2297:
2293:
2243:
2237:
2233:
2188:
2184:
2177:
2154:
2145:
2100:
2087:
2080:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1985:
1981:
1972:
1970:
1959:
1955:
1946:
1944:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1918:
1907:
1903:
1894:
1892:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1871:
1865:
1861:
1824:
1815:
1764:
1760:
1750:
1748:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1700:
1691:
1644:
1639:
1630:
1621:
1594:
1567:
1494:
1467:
1440:
1431:
1404:
1345:
1318:
1309:
1257:
1230:
1203:
1135:Orthoebolavirus
1083:
1072:Huángjiāo virus
841:
817:buoyant density
813:
805:
790:plasma membrane
762:that is highly
745:buoyant density
732:mononegaviruses
672:
618:it needs to be
579:Mononegavirales
566:
476:
448:
415:Mononegavirales
361:
353:Australia Group
316:in the form of
293:Mononegavirales
240:
236:
157:Mononegavirales
133:Negarnaviricota
80:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5656:
5646:
5645:
5643:Virus families
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5593:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5577:
5561:
5556:
5555:
5553:
5552:Classification
5543:
5542:
5540:
5539:
5526:
5513:
5500:
5487:
5474:
5461:
5446:
5430:
5428:
5422:
5421:
5407:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5398:
5396:
5395:
5389:
5387:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5375:
5370:
5369:
5368:
5357:
5355:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5325:
5319:
5317:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5289:
5287:
5279:
5278:
5276:
5275:
5267:
5265:
5254:
5246:
5245:
5242:
5241:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5236:
5231:
5221:
5215:
5213:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5194:
5183:
5181:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5169:
5164:
5163:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5136:
5134:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5122:
5121:
5120:
5115:
5105:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5077:
5075:
5064:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5048:
5040:
5038:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5019:
5009:
5008:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4971:
4969:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4946:
4945:
4937:
4936:
4935:
4925:
4924:
4923:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4903:
4902:
4901:
4886:
4884:
4873:
4862:
4854:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4842:
4836:
4834:
4826:
4825:
4823:
4822:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4793:
4786:
4784:
4773:
4765:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4741:
4739:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4727:
4721:
4719:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4697:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4682:
4681:
4680:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4656:
4655:
4654:
4639:
4637:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4616:
4611:
4601:
4596:
4585:
4583:
4572:
4564:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4550:
4548:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4507:
4506:
4505:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4450:
4448:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4395:
4394:
4393:
4392:
4382:
4381:
4380:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4328:
4326:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4279:
4278:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4253:
4248:
4247:
4246:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4213:
4211:
4200:
4189:
4181:
4180:
4172:viral diseases
4165:
4164:
4157:
4150:
4142:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4119:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4089:
4087:
4080:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4064:
4056:
4054:
4047:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4024:
4022:
4015:
4007:
4006:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3986:
3984:
3977:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3956:
3950:
3948:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3886:
3873:
3871:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3832:
3830:
3823:
3815:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3771:
3761:
3753:
3743:
3737:Ebola Syndrome
3733:
3723:
3717:(1995 book by
3708:
3706:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3692:Patrick Sawyer
3689:
3687:Mayinga N'Seka
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3652:Ameyo Adadevoh
3647:Ebola patients
3644:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3621:
3619:
3618:Notable people
3615:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3381:Womey massacre
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3303:
3298:
3292:
3290:
3281:
3273:
3272:
3263:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3230:New York Times
3223:
3206:
3196:
3173:
3157:
3145:
3144:External links
3142:
3140:
3139:
3133:
3120:
3114:
3101:
3095:
3082:
3076:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3028:
3002:
2945:
2920:
2901:
2844:
2822:10.1086/514322
2793:
2766:PLOS Pathogens
2752:
2693:
2666:PLOS Pathogens
2652:
2601:
2564:PLOS Pathogens
2550:
2491:
2464:PLOS Pathogens
2450:
2407:
2342:
2291:
2231:
2202:(5): 2608–16.
2182:
2175:
2143:
2085:
2078:
2056:
2049:
2030:
2023:
2004:
1997:
1979:
1953:
1927:
1901:
1880:
1859:
1838:(1–2): 24–32.
1813:
1782:(6): 911–912.
1758:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1699:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1643:
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1586:
1576:
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1559:
1549:
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1441:
1437:
1436:
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1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1413:
1410:
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1405:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1386:
1383:
1382:
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1363:
1361:
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1319:
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1302:
1301:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1284:
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1273:
1268:
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1263:
1262:
1259:
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1250:
1249:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1167:
1162:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1127:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1091:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1069:
1062:
1054:
1053:
1047:
1040:
1032:
1031:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1010:
1002:
1001:
995:
987:
986:
980:
972:
971:
965:
957:
956:
950:
942:
941:
935:
927:
926:
920:
913:
905:
904:
898:
891:
883:
882:
876:
869:
861:
860:
857:
854:
840:
837:
836:
835:
824:
811:
802:molecular mass
798:
795:
792:
786:
783:matrix protein
779:
756:
752:
741:
734:
720:
682:
676:
665:
658:
647:
634:
624:serial passage
616:
598:
565:
562:
502:, followed by
494:The filovirus
475:
472:
447:
444:
360:
357:
226:
225:
224:
223:
216:
209:
202:
195:
188:
178:
177:
173:
172:
165:
161:
160:
153:
149:
148:
145:Monjiviricetes
141:
137:
136:
129:
125:
124:
117:
113:
112:
105:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
74:
73:
63:
62:
54:
53:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5655:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5587:
5583:
5582:
5578:
5576:
5572:
5571:
5567:
5563:
5562:
5559:
5554:
5550:
5536:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5518:
5514:
5510:
5505:
5501:
5497:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5466:
5462:
5457:
5451:
5447:
5442:
5436:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5414:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5388:
5386:
5385:
5380:
5374:
5371:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5353:
5352:Rhabdoviridae
5348:
5345:
5339:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5286:
5285:
5280:
5274:
5273:
5269:
5268:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5262:Herpesviridae
5258:
5255:
5253:
5247:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5210:Coronaviridae
5206:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5189:
5188:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5174:
5168:
5165:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5133:
5132:
5131:Rhabdoviridae
5127:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5109:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5083:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5057:
5047:
5046:
5042:
5041:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5035:Herpesviridae
5031:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5013:
5010:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4962:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4943:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4929:
4926:
4922:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4914:
4909:
4908:
4907:
4904:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4895:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4855:
4841:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4831:Rhabdoviridae
4827:
4821:
4818:
4814:
4813:Toscana virus
4811:
4810:
4809:
4806:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4766:
4756:
4753:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4732:
4726:
4725:Bourbon virus
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4712:
4703:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4687:
4686:
4683:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4669:
4665:
4662:
4661:
4660:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4648:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4630:
4624:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4590:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4565:
4555:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4516:
4515:Sindbis virus
4513:
4512:
4511:
4508:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4498:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4486:
4481:
4480:
4479:
4476:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4428:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4413:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4386:
4383:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4305:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4295:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4274:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4239:
4234:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4182:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4163:
4158:
4156:
4151:
4149:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4118:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4096:
4095:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4040:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4008:
3997:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3947:Miscellaneous
3945:
3936:
3935:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3898:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3868:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3788:Miscellaneous
3786:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3767:
3766:
3762:
3757:
3754:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3672:Salome Karwah
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3630:William Close
3628:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3516:Brincidofovir
3514:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3425:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3411:2020 Équateur
3409:
3407:
3406:Kivu epidemic
3404:
3402:
3401:2018 Équateur
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3269:
3261:
3256:
3254:
3249:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3232:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3213:Lipinski 2015
3211:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3187:on 2020-07-30
3186:
3182:
3180:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3148:
3147:
3136:
3130:
3126:
3121:
3117:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3069:
3064:
3063:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3017:
3013:
3006:
2998:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2949:
2935:
2931:
2924:
2916:
2912:
2905:
2897:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2848:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2809:
2804:
2797:
2789:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2763:
2756:
2748:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2697:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2615:PLOS Genetics
2612:
2605:
2597:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2554:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2495:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2454:
2446:
2440:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2411:
2403:
2397:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2346:
2338:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2186:
2178:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2081:
2079:0-12-370200-3
2075:
2071:
2063:
2061:
2052:
2050:0-12-370200-3
2046:
2042:
2034:
2026:
2024:3-211-82594-0
2020:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1998:0-387-82286-0
1994:
1990:
1983:
1969:on 2011-08-06
1968:
1964:
1957:
1942:
1938:
1931:
1917:on 2011-10-22
1916:
1912:
1905:
1891:
1884:
1870:
1863:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1832:Intervirology
1829:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1762:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1739:"Filoviridae"
1734:
1730:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1705:
1695:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1642:Paleovirology
1634:
1633:
1625:
1624:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1589:
1588:
1585:
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1582:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1548:
1547:
1544:
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1540:
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1537:
1530:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1435:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1367:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1313:
1312:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1290:
1289:
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1285:
1282:
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1279:
1272:
1271:
1265:
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1245:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1225:
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1221:
1219:
1218:
1211:
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1207:
1206:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1166:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1081:Phylogenetics
1073:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1021:
1020:Marburg virus
1018:
1016:
1015:
1009:
1008:
999:
996:
994:
993:
989:
984:
981:
979:
978:
974:
969:
966:
964:
963:
959:
954:
951:
949:
948:
944:
939:
936:
934:
933:
929:
924:
923:Bombali virus
921:
919:
918:
914:
912:
911:
902:
899:
897:
896:
892:
890:
889:
885:
880:
877:
875:
874:
870:
868:
867:
863:
858:
856:Species name
855:
852:
851:
847:
834:
833:
829:
825:
823:of ≈1.14 g/cm
822:
818:
814:
803:
799:
796:
793:
791:
787:
784:
780:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
751:of ≈1.32 g/cm
750:
746:
742:
739:
738:transcription
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
681:
680:gene overlaps
677:
670:
666:
663:
659:
656:
652:
648:
646:
643:
639:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
597:
593:
589:
588:
587:
585:
581:
580:
570:
561:
559:
555:
554:cell membrane
550:
549:concentration
546:
545:nucleoprotein
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
488:
480:
471:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
443:
441:
438:
435:
431:
428:
425:
421:
417:
416:
412:
408:
404:
403:, Striavirus,
402:
397:
396:
391:
390:
385:
384:
380:
377:
373:
369:
366:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
325:select agents
321:
319:
315:
312:and nonhuman
311:
307:
303:
302:Marburg virus
299:
295:
294:
290:
286:
282:
276:
234:
233:
222:
221:
217:
215:
214:
210:
208:
207:
203:
201:
200:
196:
194:
193:
189:
187:
186:
182:
181:
179:
174:
171:
170:
166:
163:
162:
159:
158:
154:
151:
150:
147:
146:
142:
139:
138:
135:
134:
130:
127:
126:
123:
122:
121:Orthornavirae
118:
115:
114:
111:
110:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
89:
84:
79:
75:
72:
71:Marburg virus
68:
64:
60:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
35:
31:
19:
5579:
5564:
5425:
5382:
5373:Mokola virus
5350:
5312:
5284:Retroviridae
5282:
5270:
5260:
5208:
5176:
5129:
5071:
5070:
5043:
5033:
4966:Bunyavirales
4964:
4881:Arenaviridae
4879:
4829:
4781:Bunyavirales
4779:
4734:
4714:
4700:Langat virus
4634:Flaviviridae
4632:
4623:Bhanja virus
4580:Bunyavirales
4578:
4543:
4443:
4415:Yellow fever
4403:Dengue fever
4323:Flaviviridae
4321:
4266:Tahyna virus
4231:Bwamba Fever
4208:Bunyavirales
4206:
4092:
4075:
4059:
4042:
4028:Mengla virus
4010:
3989:
3972:
3934:The Hot Zone
3932:
3876:
3820:Marburgvirus
3818:
3775:The Hot Zone
3773:
3763:
3751:(1996 novel)
3745:
3735:
3725:
3713:The Hot Zone
3711:
3657:Kent Brantly
3487:
3473:
3459:
3447:
3433:
3276:
3267:
3266:
3229:
3226:
3212:
3209:
3202:
3199:
3189:. Retrieved
3185:the original
3178:
3168:
3162:
3153:
3151:ICTV Report:
3150:
3124:
3105:
3086:
3067:
3045:. Retrieved
3040:
3031:
3019:. Retrieved
3005:
2962:
2958:
2948:
2937:. Retrieved
2933:
2923:
2914:
2904:
2861:
2857:
2847:
2812:
2806:
2796:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2713:(336): 336.
2710:
2706:
2696:
2669:
2665:
2655:
2618:
2614:
2604:
2567:
2563:
2553:
2508:
2504:
2494:
2467:
2463:
2453:
2439:cite journal
2420:
2410:
2396:cite journal
2359:
2355:
2345:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2251:
2247:
2234:
2199:
2195:
2185:
2160:
2111:
2107:
2069:
2040:
2033:
2014:
2007:
1988:
1982:
1971:. Retrieved
1967:the original
1956:
1945:. Retrieved
1941:the original
1930:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:the original
1904:
1893:. Retrieved
1883:
1872:. Retrieved
1862:
1835:
1831:
1779:
1775:
1768:Kobinger, GP
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1742:
1733:
1709:
1701:
1692:
1680:
1645:
1606:
1605:
1579:
1578:
1552:
1551:
1534:
1533:
1511:
1479:
1478:
1452:
1451:
1416:
1415:
1389:
1388:
1371:
1370:
1330:
1329:
1294:
1293:
1276:
1275:
1242:
1241:
1215:
1214:
1188:
1187:
1170:
1169:
1133:
1088:
1084:
1064:
1057:
1050:Xīlǎng virus
1042:
1035:
1012:
1007:Marburgvirus
1005:
990:
975:
960:
953:Reston virus
945:
930:
915:
908:
901:Měnglà virus
893:
886:
879:Lloviu virus
871:
864:
845:
830:
772:glycosylated
767:
763:
760:glycoprotein
726:gene is not
723:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
583:
577:
575:
514:. The viral
508:nucleocapsid
493:
455:
449:
439:
429:
419:
413:
406:
401:Marburgvirus
399:
393:
387:
381:
367:
362:
322:
291:
231:
230:
229:
218:
211:
206:Marburgvirus
204:
197:
190:
183:
168:
167:
156:
144:
132:
120:
108:
101:
91:(unranked):
33:
5608:Filoviridae
5456:Filoviridae
5450:Wikispecies
5426:Filoviridae
5072:Filoviridae
4894:Lassa fever
4790:Adria virus
4488:Chikungunya
4445:Togaviridae
4375:Usutu virus
4297:Ngari virus
4221:Batai virus
4127:Wikispecies
4077:Thamnovirus
4012:Dianlovirus
3938:(1995 book)
3805:Ebola River
3769:(2016 film)
3759:(2014 meme)
3741:(1996 film)
3731:(1995 film)
3569:Triazavirin
3526:Favipiravir
3268:Filoviridae
3203:Taylor 1995
3163:Filoviridae
3154:Filoviridae
3047:13 December
1716:Ebola virus
1673:pseudogenes
1513:Thamnovirus
1059:Thamnovirus
998:Ebola virus
968:Sudan virus
888:Dianlovirus
853:Genus name
846:Filoviridae
828:neutralized
755:≈5 nm)
600:it infects
594:in certain
584:Filoviridae
520:transcribes
460:capitalized
456:Filoviridae
454:, the name
420:Filoviridae
407:Thamnovirus
389:Dianlovirus
368:Filoviridae
359:Use of term
298:Ebola virus
232:Filoviridae
220:Thamnovirus
192:Dianlovirus
169:Filoviridae
34:Filoviridae
18:Filoviruses
5602:Categories
5384:Poxviridae
5314:Poxviridae
5234:SARS-CoV-2
4736:Reoviridae
4614:Tete virus
4545:Reoviridae
4427:Zika fever
4276:Tete virus
4174:(A80–B34,
4044:Striavirus
3974:Cuevavirus
3756:Ebola-chan
3640:Peter Piot
3607:rVSV-ZEBOV
3584:cAd3-ZEBOV
3551:Lamivudine
3351:in Nigeria
3341:in Liberia
3278:Ebolavirus
3191:2014-08-08
3021:10 October
2939:2020-05-03
2511:(1): 193.
1973:2011-10-16
1947:2011-10-16
1921:2011-10-16
1895:2011-10-16
1874:2011-10-16
1726:References
1669:marsupials
1037:Striavirus
1028:Ravn virus
910:Ebolavirus
866:Cuevavirus
728:homologous
660:it has an
590:it causes
556:. Virions
532:translated
496:life cycle
474:Life cycle
464:italicized
395:Ebolavirus
383:Cuevavirus
335:), by the
213:Striavirus
199:Ebolavirus
185:Cuevavirus
50:Ebolavirus
5393:Monkeypox
4185:Arthropod
3829:Outbreaks
3561:TKM-Ebola
3371:in the UK
3366:in the US
3336:in Guinea
3321:Responses
3288:Outbreaks
2979:0022-538X
2878:0820-3946
1677:orthologs
657:in length
649:it has a
638:cytoplasm
626:to cause
510:into the
500:receptors
434:taxonomic
327:, by the
116:Kingdom:
109:Riboviria
5638:Zoonoses
5435:Wikidata
5341:Multiple
5229:SARS-CoV
5219:MERS-CoV
4408:DENV-1-4
4196:Mosquito
4169:Zoonotic
3727:Outbreak
3602:Vaccines
3579:Vaccines
3564:(failed)
3361:in Spain
3311:Timeline
3217:Archived
3171:. 11266.
2997:30567978
2930:"Ervebo"
2911:"ERVEBO"
2896:29084758
2831:30117592
2788:39226335
2747:22093762
2688:39226335
2647:21124940
2596:20686665
2545:20569424
2486:39226335
2388:34808081
2337:25237605
2311:: e556.
2278:24040779
2226:23255795
2196:J. Virol
2138:21046175
1808:31021739
1751:July 28,
1689:Vaccines
1665:tarsiers
1299:(RESTV)
804:of ≈3.82
776:acylated
622:through
602:primates
596:primates
547:, whose
540:promoter
536:proteins
468:articles
440:-viridae
314:primates
164:Family:
128:Phylum:
5586:D016563
5343:vectors
5323:Tanapox
5272:B virus
5250:Primate
4769:Sandfly
4595:(CCHFV)
4176:042–079
4117:Commons
4086:Species
4053:Species
4021:Species
3983:Species
3959:Marburg
3917:FGI-106
3912:FGI-103
3907:BCX4430
3870:Species
3765:93 Days
3541:FGI-106
3536:FGI-104
3531:FGI-103
3511:BCX4430
3427:Species
3346:in Mali
3179:FILOVIR
3016:Reuters
2988:6401435
2887:5662448
2839:9988154
2738:3229293
2715:Bibcode
2638:2987831
2587:2912400
2536:2906475
2513:Bibcode
2421:bioRxiv
2379:8632185
2328:4157239
2286:9873900
2269:9151191
2217:3571414
2129:3074192
1854:7118520
1799:7011696
1661:tenrecs
1653:rodents
1516:
1281:(SUDV)
1247:(BOMV)
1193:(TAFV)
1175:(BDBV)
1138:
1074:(HUJV)
1052:(XILV)
1030:(RAVV)
1022:(MARV)
925:(BOMV)
903:(MLAV)
881:(LLOV)
844:Family
832:in vivo
808:10; an
671:of ≈4.2
632:rodents
628:disease
620:adapted
512:cytosol
306:disease
287:in the
279:) is a
176:Genera
152:Order:
140:Class:
5535:600065
5509:107125
5441:Q46305
5361:Rabies
5303:HTLV-2
5298:HTLV-1
5252:-borne
5140:Rabies
5062:-borne
4871:-borne
4869:Rodent
4860:-borne
4858:Mammal
4792:(ADRV)
4771:-borne
4570:-borne
4198:-borne
4187:-borne
4030:(MLAV)
3556:mAb114
3131:
3112:
3093:
3074:
2995:
2985:
2977:
2894:
2884:
2876:
2837:
2829:
2786:
2745:
2735:
2686:
2645:
2635:
2594:
2584:
2543:
2533:
2484:
2386:
2376:
2335:
2325:
2284:
2276:
2266:
2224:
2214:
2173:
2169:–671.
2136:
2126:
2076:
2047:
2021:
1995:
1852:
1806:
1796:
1682:Myotis
1657:shrews
1510:
1132:
766:- and
718:5'-UTR
686:3'-UTR
651:genome
614:nature
504:fusion
437:suffix
379:genera
365:family
310:humans
281:family
5575:1D60
5530:WoRMS
5522:11266
5504:IRMNG
5470:62448
5101:ZEBOV
5005:THAIV
4493:CHIKV
3595:Drugs
3574:ZMapp
3546:JK-05
3521:DZNep
3454:RESTV
2965:(6).
2827:JSTOR
2305:PeerJ
2282:S2CID
2244:(PDF)
640:of a
528:mRNAs
524:genes
430:filum
424:Latin
411:order
376:virus
370:is a
289:order
102:Realm
95:Virus
5581:MeSH
5517:NCBI
5496:7759
5491:GBIF
5483:5024
5366:RABV
5167:CHPV
5155:DUVV
5150:MOKV
5145:ABLV
5118:RAVV
5113:MARV
5096:TAFV
5091:SUDV
5086:BDBV
5017:ANDV
5000:AMRV
4995:SEOV
4990:PUUV
4985:HTNV
4980:DOBV
4955:CHPV
4950:LUJV
4944:MACV
4933:SABV
4921:JUNV
4910:GTOV
4899:LASV
4749:CTFV
4704:LGTV
4693:AHFV
4689:KFDV
4679:OHFV
4664:POWV
4652:TBEV
4568:Tick
4504:ONNV
4482:VEEV
4472:WEEV
4462:EEEV
4432:ZIKV
4379:USUV
4369:SLEV
4358:KUNV
4353:MVEV
4311:RVFV
4301:NRIV
4291:BUNV
4270:TAHV
4260:LACV
4235:BWAV
4225:BATV
3996:LLOV
3889:RAVV
3884:MARV
3494:EBOV
3481:TAFV
3467:SUDV
3441:BDBV
3396:2017
3391:2014
3129:ISBN
3110:ISBN
3091:ISBN
3072:ISBN
3049:2021
3023:2014
2993:PMID
2975:ISSN
2892:PMID
2874:ISSN
2835:PMID
2784:PMID
2743:PMID
2684:PMID
2643:PMID
2592:PMID
2541:PMID
2482:PMID
2445:link
2402:link
2384:PMID
2333:PMID
2274:PMID
2222:PMID
2171:ISBN
2134:PMID
2074:ISBN
2045:ISBN
2019:ISBN
1993:ISBN
1850:PMID
1804:PMID
1753:2018
1710:The
1704:EBOV
1649:bats
774:and
749:CsCl
724:VP24
722:its
710:VP24
706:VP30
698:VP40
694:VP35
653:≈19
645:cell
642:host
610:bats
606:pigs
586:if:
522:the
446:Note
427:noun
405:and
363:The
300:and
5566:ICD
5478:EoL
5465:CoL
5197:NiV
5192:HeV
5160:LBV
5060:Bat
5022:SNV
4527:RRV
4420:YFV
4390:WNV
4341:JEV
4245:CEV
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