795:
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36:
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108:
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781:
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636:) was seen as the voice of the people but not as a venue for the formation of political parties and organizations. The elections for the Parliament were held in accordance with the provisional electoral regulations. The Parliament (
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took his place as Sultan. The era ended with the suspension of the
Ottoman Parliament and the constitution by Sultan Abdul Hamid II, with which he restored his own
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and instead pushed for a constitutional government similar to that in Europe. The constitutional period started with the dethroning of Sultan
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1922:
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After the establishment of the
General Assembly in the provinces, the members selected the deputies from within the assembly to form the
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in the empire. In the second elections, there were 69 Muslim millet representatives and 46 representatives of other millets (
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The life of the second term of the parliament was merely a few days, as after the initial speeches by the members from
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609:, that began on 23 December 1876 and lasted until 14 February 1878. These Young Ottomans were dissatisfied by the
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981:"Constitutional Period in the Ottoman Empire." Constitutional Period in the Ottoman Empire. N.p., n.d. Web.
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1998:
1969:
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696:). The initial selection of deputies was made by administrative councils in the provinces (also called
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129:
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http://www.istanbul.com/en/explore/info/constitutional-period-in-the-ottoman-empire
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in the capital. The
Chamber had 115 members and reflected the distribution of the
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1959:
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become the speaker of Senate. The two elections happened between 1877 and 1878.
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The members' reactions to the approaching war were very strong, and Sultan
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605:' or 'Fundamental Law' in Ottoman Turkish), written by members of the
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1349:
864:
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614:
602:
1228:
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431:
27:
Period of constitutional monarchy in the
Ottoman Empire (1876–1878)
1823:
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1818:
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972:
A History of the Modern Middle East. Cleveland and Buntin p.78
819:
Meeting of the first
Parliament later on the same day at the
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Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and
Herzegovina in 1878
1584:
863:
The president of the
Chamber of Deputies was a Deputy from
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839:
Mehmed Raif Pasha, member of the first
Ottoman Parliament.
749:
Mehmed Kani Pasha, member of the first
Ottoman Parliament.
632:. At the time, the Ottoman Parliament (known as the
2855:
800:Opening ceremony of the first parliament at the
960:"Meclis-i Mebusan nedir? Ne zaman kurulmuştur?"
628:The first constitutional era did not include a
2779:Provisional Russian Administration in Bulgaria
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1013:
860:closed the parliament, citing social unrest.
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2443:
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1020:
1006:
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2764:First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
18:First Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
2450:
834:
744:
43:This article includes a list of general
14:
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638:General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire
634:General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire
2589:Expulsion of the Albanians, 1877–1878
2424:
2143:
1001:
946:"Meclis-i Mebusan (Mebuslar Meclisi)"
877:
845:Second 1877 Ottoman general election
830:
686:
666:
642:
597:
566:
29:
2824:Convention of Constantinople (1881)
2478:Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1876–1878)
763:asked for new elections citing the
755:First 1877 Ottoman general election
740:
24:
2230:
1445:(reform and constitutional period)
1027:
652:) was composed in two stages. The
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
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1333:List of Ottoman sultans' consorts
1296:Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques
2674:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2642:
2634:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2602:
2499:Serbian–Turkish Wars (1876–1878)
2494:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)
2473:Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877)
2404:
2403:
1328:List of Ottoman sultans' mothers
921:Constitutional history of Turkey
812:
793:
779:
281:
112:First Ottoman Parliament at the
106:
34:
2814:Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881
1409:Defterdars/Ministers of Finance
926:Elections in the Ottoman Empire
2864:Politics of the Ottoman Empire
1150:Persecution of Ottoman Muslims
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966:
952:
938:
13:
1:
2574:Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
2272:Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
931:
773:Ottoman constitutional period
765:Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
585:from the promulgation of the
2874:Reform in the Ottoman Empire
2794:Battles for Plav and Gusinje
2579:Romanian War of Independence
2211:Yıldız assassination attempt
2190:Senate of the Ottoman Empire
2186:Ottoman constitution of 1876
787:Ottoman constitution of 1876
698:
692:
672:
648:
591:
587:Ottoman constitution of 1876
7:
2869:1870s in the Ottoman Empire
2829:British Occupation of Egypt
2709:Budapest Convention of 1877
1594:Vassal and tributary states
909:
725:). The second body was the
414:Decline & Modernization
10:
2890:
2819:French conquest of Tunisia
869:Yusif Dia Pasha Al Khalidi
842:
752:
498:Abolition of the Caliphate
490:Abolition of the Sultanate
427:(late 18th and early 19th)
2736:
2704:Constantinople Conference
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2551:1878 Macedonian rebellion
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2216:Second Constitutional Era
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1113:Decline and modernization
1035:
962:. Sabah. 19 January 2017.
916:Second Constitutional Era
168:Second Constitutional Era
98:Constitutional history of
2759:1876 Ottoman coup d'état
2277:Greco-Turkish War (1897)
2201:First Constitutional Era
1641:Six Divisions of Cavalry
1177:Foreign Affairs Ministry
988:20 December 2016 at the
575:Birinci Meşrutiyet Devri
559:First Constitutional Era
163:First Constitutional Era
121:Constitutional documents
2728:Treaty of Berlin (1878)
2409:Category:Abdul Hamid II
1634:Agha of the Janissaries
1281:List of Ottoman sultans
821:Old Darülfünun building
806:Illustrated London News
583:constitutional monarchy
114:Old Darülfünun building
64:more precise citations.
2535:Kresna–Razlog uprising
2530:Razlovtsi insurrection
2525:April Uprising of 1876
2256:Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque
2236:
1836:Science and technology
1286:Roman succession claim
840:
750:
574:
466:2nd Constitutional Era
440:1st Constitutional Era
323:Fall of Constantinople
2714:Treaty of San Stefano
2556:Epirus Revolt of 1878
2520:Stara Zagora Uprising
2234:
1709:Dragoman of the Fleet
1424:Dragoman of the Porte
1214:Armenian Constitution
1101:Stagnation and reform
838:
748:
2804:Dual Alliance (1879)
2699:Reichstadt Agreement
2561:Cretan revolt (1878)
2452:Great Eastern Crisis
2244:Associated buildings
1429:Outer Palace Service
1345:Inner Palace Service
660:legislature was the
248:Constitutional Court
2744:Bulgarian Exarchate
2195:Chamber of Deputies
1624:Classic period army
1465:Chamber of Deputies
1440:Imperial Government
884:Mehmed Rushdi Pasha
707:Chamber of Deputies
662:Chamber of Deputies
130:Charter of Alliance
2724:Congress of Berlin
2459:Wars and conflicts
2237:
2206:Hamidian massacres
1251:Translation Office
1135:2nd Constitutional
1123:1st Constitutional
1077:Sultanate of Women
894:Hussein Avni Pasha
878:Significant people
841:
751:
581:was the period of
346:Sultanate of Women
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2850:
2789:League of Prizren
2719:Cyprus Convention
2694:Berlin Memorandum
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2504:Kumanovo uprising
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2303:(adoptive mother)
2221:31 March Incident
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1291:Ottoman Caliphate
1172:Foreign relations
948:. Tarihi Olaylar.
889:Ahmed Vefik Pasha
831:Second term, 1878
802:Dolmabahçe Palace
623:absolute monarchy
555:
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485:(1918–1922)
477:(1914–1918)
469:(1908–1920)
459:(1908–1922)
443:(1876–1878)
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401:(1718–1730)
391:(1703–1789)
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1481:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1451:
1449:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1419:Reis ül-Küttab
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1377:
1371:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1355:Palace Schools
1352:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1303:Imperial Harem
1300:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1272:
1270:
1269:House of Osman
1263:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1168:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1089:Decline thesis
1084:Transformation
1081:
1080:
1079:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1065:Constantinople
1062:
1057:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1029:Ottoman Empire
1025:
1024:
1017:
1010:
1002:
994:
993:
974:
965:
951:
936:
935:
933:
930:
929:
928:
923:
918:
911:
908:
907:
906:
904:Suleiman Pasha
901:
896:
891:
886:
879:
876:
858:Abdul Hamid II
832:
829:
818:
811:
810:
799:
792:
791:
785:
778:
777:
776:
772:
771:
770:
769:
761:Abdul Hamid II
742:
739:
699:Meclis-i Umumi
649:Meclis-i Umumi
619:Abdul Hamid II
607:Young Ottomans
579:Ottoman Empire
553:
552:
550:
549:
542:
535:
527:
524:
523:
512:Historiography
508:
507:
504:
503:
495:
487:
479:
471:
462:
454:
453:
450:
449:
446:
445:
437:
429:
424:Nizam-i Djedid
420:
412:
411:
408:
407:
404:
403:
394:
386:
385:
382:
381:
378:
377:
368:
362:Transformation
360:
359:
356:
355:
352:
351:
342:
334:
333:
330:
329:
326:
325:
320:
312:
306:
298:
297:
294:
293:
287:
286:
278:
277:
275:Ottoman Empire
266:
265:
258:
251:
250:
244:
243:
241:
240:
235:
230:
225:
220:
215:
210:
204:
201:
200:
196:
195:
193:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
171:
170:
165:
154:
151:
150:
146:
145:
143:
142:
137:
132:
126:
123:
122:
118:
117:
111:
103:
102:
88:
87:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2886:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2844:
2843:
2842:Anna Karenina
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2809:Brsjak revolt
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:Niš Committee
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2685:International
2683:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2446:
2441:
2439:
2434:
2432:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2411:
2410:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2391:
2390:Saliha Naciye
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2301:Perestu Kadın
2299:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2251:Yıldız Palace
2249:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2233:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2165:
2160:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2067:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1883:Ottoman court
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:Naval battles
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1697:Kapudan Pasha
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1652:Reform period
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1364:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1313:Haseki sultan
1311:
1309:
1308:Valide sultan
1306:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1187:United States
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1072:Classical Age
1070:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1045:Osman's Dream
1043:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1004:
1003:
1000:
991:
987:
984:
978:
969:
961:
955:
947:
941:
937:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
875:
872:
870:
866:
861:
859:
855:
852:
846:
837:
822:
815:
807:
803:
796:
788:
782:
768:
766:
762:
756:
747:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
703:
700:
694:
683:
679:
676:), while the
674:
663:
659:
655:
650:
639:
635:
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
593:
592:Kanûn-ı Esâsî
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
564:
560:
548:
543:
541:
536:
534:
529:
528:
526:
525:
521:
517:
513:
510:
509:
499:
496:
491:
488:
483:
480:
475:
472:
467:
464:
463:
457:
452:
451:
441:
438:
433:
430:
425:
422:
421:
415:
410:
409:
399:
396:
395:
389:
384:
383:
373:
370:
369:
363:
358:
357:
347:
344:
343:
337:
336:Classical Age
332:
331:
324:
321:
316:
313:
311:
308:
307:
301:
296:
295:
292:
289:
288:
284:
280:
279:
276:
271:
268:
267:
262:
257:
256:
249:
246:
245:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
205:
203:
202:
198:
197:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
169:
166:
164:
161:
160:
159:
156:
155:
153:
152:
149:Constitutions
148:
147:
141:
140:Edict of 1856
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
127:
125:
124:
120:
119:
115:
109:
105:
104:
101:
96:
95:
92:
84:
81:
73:
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
2840:
2835:Marche slave
2833:
2763:
2402:
2380:Fatma Pesend
2355:Mezidimestan
2307:Abdulmejid I
2200:
2179:Major events
2126:
2121:Bibliography
2119:
2112:
2081:Coat of arms
2055:Christianity
2009:Demographics
1992:of Armenians
1933:Illumination
1918:Architecture
1799:Central bank
1750:Conscription
1676:
1667:Mansure Army
1650:
1622:
1529:Hakham Bashi
1497:Christianity
1444:
1394:Grand Vizier
1383:
1235:Civil codes
1209:Constitution
1122:
1055:Ghaza thesis
977:
968:
954:
940:
899:Midhat Pasha
873:
862:
848:
758:
735:Grand Vizier
704:
693:Heyet-i Ayan
667:مجلس مبعوثان
630:party system
627:
558:
556:
482:Partitioning
432:Tanzimat Era
162:
91:
76:
67:
48:
2769:Opalchentsi
2466:Montenegrin
1948:Shadow play
1794:Agriculture
1787:Reformation
1783:Enlargement
1629:Janissaries
1338:Kizlar Agha
1323:Hanımefendi
1318:Kadınefendi
1130:Dissolution
1060:Interregnum
719:Phanariotes
678:upper house
654:lower house
601:, meaning '
598:قانون اساسى
474:World War I
456:Dissolution
372:Köprülü Era
315:Interregnum
199:Referendums
62:introducing
2858:Categories
2687:agreements
2335:Bedrifelek
1965:Literature
1878:Ottomanism
1573:Sanjakbeys
1556:Beylerbeys
1544:Provincial
1261:Government
1224:Family law
932:References
843:See also:
753:See also:
733:, and the
687:مجلس أعيان
643:مجلس عمومي
388:Old Regime
70:March 2022
45:references
2513:Bulgarian
2360:Emsalinur
2350:Dilpesend
2313:Abdülaziz
2170:Reign of
2017:Armenians
1982:Education
1938:Miniature
1888:Languages
1873:Devshirme
1846:Transport
1646:Timariots
1512:Bulgarian
1404:Kazaskers
1366:Central (
1350:Kapi Agha
1219:Electoral
1145:Abolition
1140:Partition
865:Jerusalem
723:Armenians
658:bicameral
615:Abdulaziz
603:Basic Law
577:) of the
398:Tulip Era
2737:See also
2375:Peyveste
2340:Nurefsun
2330:Nazikeda
2309:(father)
2297:(mother)
2128:Category
2042:Religion
1955:Clothing
1841:Taxation
1804:Currency
1745:Aviation
1719:Admirals
1672:Hamidieh
1608:Military
1589:Kadiluks
1563:Vilayets
1517:Armenian
1455:Assembly
1192:Treaties
1161:Politics
1118:Tanzimat
986:Archived
910:See also
854:vilayets
680:was the
611:Tanzimat
291:Timeline
261:a series
259:Part of
2365:Müşfika
2315:(uncle)
2114:Outline
2069:Symbols
2060:Judaism
1987:Schools
1960:Cuisine
1923:Mosques
1910:Culture
1900:Slavery
1856:Society
1819:Sultani
1780:By era
1773:Economy
1755:Weapons
1568:Sanjaks
1551:Eyalets
1524:Judaism
1477:Millets
1414:Nişancı
1399:Viziers
1244:Halakha
1239:Mecelle
1182:Safavid
1094:Köprülü
1037:History
711:millets
656:of the
571:Turkish
567:مشروطيت
520:Decline
270:History
58:improve
2385:Behice
2370:Sazkar
2287:Family
2091:Tughra
2076:Anthem
2022:Greeks
1975:Poetry
1460:Senate
1229:Düstur
851:Balkan
727:Senate
682:Senate
501:(1924)
493:(1922)
272:of the
263:on the
100:Turkey
47:, but
2544:Greek
2345:Bidar
2323:Wives
2050:Islam
2032:Women
1999:Media
1970:Prose
1943:Music
1824:Kuruş
1738:Other
1729:Ships
1585:Kazas
1507:Ullah
1485:Islam
1368:Porte
1106:Tulip
731:porte
516:Ghaza
2726:and
2487:Serb
2265:Wars
2086:Flag
2027:Jews
1929:Art
1829:Lira
1814:Para
1809:Akçe
1702:List
1689:Navy
1616:Army
1197:Wars
1050:Rise
715:Jews
557:The
300:Rise
238:2017
233:2010
228:2007
223:1988
218:1987
213:1982
208:1961
190:1982
185:1961
180:1924
175:1921
158:1876
1502:Rūm
1204:Law
856:,
702:).
2860::
1655::
1627::
871:.
867:,
767:.
721:,
717:,
690:,
670:,
646:,
640:;
625:.
617:.
595:,
573::
569:;
565::
518:,
2444:e
2437:t
2430:v
2197:)
2188:(
2163:e
2156:t
2149:v
1587:/
1370:)
1021:e
1014:t
1007:v
823:.
684:(
664:(
589:(
561:(
546:e
539:t
532:v
522:)
514:(
83:)
77:(
72:)
68:(
54:.
20:)
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