List of national founders

9115: 4876: 7220: 5733: 2978: 1630: 4568: 4427:(1861–1896) was a Filipino nationalist during the tail end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain. He was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after an anti-colonial revolution, inspired in part by his writings, broke out. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals which eventually led to Philippine independence. He is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines, and is implied by Philippine law to be one of the national heroes. He was the author of the novels 2331: 9361: 8789: 4524: 1437: 6039: 2990: 5743: 2269: 2473: 2112: 3026: 6431: 8398: 3922: 3502: 2620: 9341: 4993: 3275: 1258: 1185: 3370: 1740: 4833: 2776: 6530: 3263: 3550: 3744: 3239: 4811: 6956: 4358: 3570: 198: 100: 3014: 3857: 3135: 4339: 3002: 136: 60: 2528: 4059: 4680: 8193: 1941: 8605: 4132: 3251: 4477: 6941: 2369:). Some historians have suggested a revised definition of the "Founding Fathers", including a significantly broader group of not only the Signers and the Framers but also all those who, whether as politicians, jurists, statesmen, soldiers, diplomats, and ordinary citizens took part in winning U.S. independence and creating the United States of America. 7179:, and statesman. He not only turned Poland into a country comparable to older western monarchies, but he raised it to the front rank of European states. Bolesław conducted successful military campaigns in the west, south and east. He consolidated Polish lands and conquered territories outside the borders of modern-day Poland, including 4752:("reorganization"). Mahmud's reforms included the 1826 abolition of the conservative Janissary corps, which removed a major obstacle to his and his successors' reforms in the Empire. The reforms he instituted were characterized by political and social changes, which would eventually lead to the birth of the modern Turkish Republic. 4206: 7066:. In foreign policy, he placed the interests of his country foremost, even entering into agreements with former enemies. On his death, he left to his sons a country of greatly expanded territory, with a well-established position in Europe. Mieszko I also appeared as "Dagome" in a papal document from about 1085, called " 7367: 8641:

also stands out as a significant founding father as he attended all the Federation Conferences, he gave up 10 years of senior political appointments to travel the country promoting federation and was Australia's first Attorney General. He was instrumental in securing Edmond Barton as the first Prime

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Van Riebeeck was the Dutch colonial administrator who established Cape Town in 1652, and is a significant figure in South African, and especially Afrikaner, history. Many Afrikaners view van Riebeeck as the father of the Afrikaner nation. Van Riebeeck also featured on the reverse of the R20 note,

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There has been no Macedonian state since the days of the Ancient Macedon that was finally abolished in 148 BC and 1945, when Communist Yugoslavia established its constituent republic with such name. It is unlikely that the contemporary Republic of Macedonia founded in 1991, may establish credible

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in 966 put him and his country in the cultural sphere of Western Christianity. According to existing sources, Mieszko I was a wise politician, a talented military leader and charismatic ruler. He successfully used diplomacy, concluding an alliance with Bohemia first, and then with Sweden and the

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Minister while Deakin went on to be Australia's 2nd, 5th and 7th Prime Minister. Deakin was responsible for establishing the High Court, Australian Navy, and many other important acts of parliament. Sir Robert Menzies is on record for saying he was Australia's greatest Prime Ministers.

480: 4730:(1432–1481), was an Ottoman sultan who ruled from August 1444 to September 1446, and then later from February 1451 to May 1481. When he ascended the throne again in 1451 he strengthened the Ottoman navy and made preparations to attack Constantinople. At the age of 21, he conquered 7837:(1599–1600). He is considered one of Romania's greatest national heroes. Since the 19th century, Michael the Brave has been regarded as a symbol of the unity of all Romanians, as his reign marked the first time all states mainly inhabited by Romanians were under the same ruler. 5793:

was the son of Gorm the old and the first to unite Denmark into a single country by uniting the tribes. Harald ruled as king of Denmark from c. 958 – c. 986. He was baptized and the first Christian king of Denmark and helped Christianize the Danes, which is proclaimed on the

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There is no law in the country which officially recognizes a single individual as the "Father of the Nation". Either title may be associated with any of the following prominent historical persons, owing to their impact on the country during their respective times.

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historical link to the medieval Samuel's state. According to Encyclopædia Britannica, Columbia Encyclopedia, Collier's Encyclopedia, the Great Russian Encyclopedia, Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium and the Cambridge Medieval History, Samuel was Tsar of Bulgaria.

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served as first President of Seychelles from 1976 to 1977. He was one of the last White African presidents in the history of Africa. He considered himself the self-proclaimed "Founding Father"; however this title is often attributed to his socialist successor

3782:, is venerated in Korea as the founder of the Korean nation and peoples. His legendary birthday and the day he founded Gojoseon is celebrated as National Foundation Day (개천절), which falls on 3 October. There have been many founders throughout history such as 3665:

party and returned to scientific life. His earlier political activities caused the authorities to view him with suspicion, leading to arrests in 1926 and 1928. In 1926, Bukeikhanov was arrested on the charge of counter-revolutionary activity and put into

1898:(1817–1861) are considered the Fathers of the Country. Duarte is featured on the $ 1 coin and on the now discontinued $ 1 bill; Sanchez on the $ 5 coin and on the also discontinued $ 5 bill; Mella on the $ 10 coin and on the also discontinued $ 10 bill. 737:). By accepting he began the process of uniting Libya under a single monarchy. A constitution was enacted in 1949 and adopted in October 1951. A National Congress elected Idris as King of Libya, and as Idris I he proclaimed the independence of the 401:(var. Amílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral) (1924–1973) was an agricultural engineer, writer, and a nationalist thinker and political leader. He was also one of Africa's foremost anti-colonial leaders. Amílcar Cabral led the nationalist movement of 12525:

For all the salient differences between these three post-Soviet nations, they have much in common when it comes to their culture and history, which goes back to Kievan Rus', the medieval East Slavic state based in the capital of present-day

8932:(1850–1937) is widely revered as the Liberator President who played the chief role in the 1918 melding of Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia and Ruthenia into the Czechoslovak Republic, and who served as President of the Republic from 1918 to 1935. 8709:

for most of the postindependence period until being voted out of office in 1989. Thereafter, national politics was marked by a series of weak, short-lived governments; the presidency tended to be traded among a small number of politicians.

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from 1967, and a full member from 1971 to 1987. During Kunayev's long rule, Kazakhs occupied prominent positions in the bureaucracy, economy and educational institutions. A Brezhnev loyalist, he was removed from office under pressure from

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from 1957 to 1987; during his leadership, he modernized Tunisia, built schools and hospitals, and gave Tunisian women better human rights than other countries, and these rights still continue to be exercised by Tunisian women to this day.

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which officially recognizes any single individual as the "Father of the Nation". Either title may be associated with any of the following prominent historical persons, owing to their impact on the country during their respective times:

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albeit indirectly, with an image of van Riebeeck's landing party (three ships) and the (old) South African Coat of Arms, with the Latin motto "Ex Unitate Vires" – "From Unity, Strength" (also translated as "Unity Creates Strength").

5538:, has been referred to as Father of the Nation due to his campaign for the rights of Croats within Austria-Hungary and his propagation of a Croatian state in a time where many politicians sought unification with other South Slavs. 4875: 4748:(1785–1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, military, and fiscal reforms he instituted, which culminated in the Decree of 7802:

of Wallachia. Basarab either came into power between 1304 and 1324 by dethroning or peacefully succeeding the legendary founder of Wallachia, Radu Negru, or in 1310 by succeeding his father, Thocomerius. In 1330 he defeated

7707:(as the Greeks called it). Today Viriathus is regarded as a national hero and an enduring symbol of Portuguese nationality and independence, portrayed by artists and celebrated by its people throughout the centuries. 13121: 10869: 10815: 8884:

was strife with tribalism and territoriality, therefore it was implausible for tribes to elect leaders let alone Arabia itself. Yet come Muhammad's death (632), Arabia was unified under one polity and religion.

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as a founder of Pakistan because he provided the Two-Nation Theory which played a central role in the perception of Pakistan and its Muslim nationalist ideology largely based on Iqbal's philosophy and views.

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and spokesman for Polish independence. He was a favorite of concert audiences around the world. His musical fame opened access to diplomacy and the media. Paderewski played an important role in meeting with

4933:. He was accused of espionage and treason and was executed in 1938. Today, Khodjaev is remembered as an important figure in the history of Uzbekistan and as a symbol of the complex relationship between the 1168:

was the main figure involved in spawning and leading the South Sudanese Independence Movement. Even though he did not live to see his country attain independence, he is often regarded as the "Father of the

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in Wales had been figures of national importance in the context of fragmented polities. Scotland and England had a centuries long history of invasion and counter invasion, and the Scottish national heroes

12804: 3674:. But due to the lack of evidence in the criminal case against him, he was released from prison. In 1930, the authorities banished him to Moscow, where he was arrested a final time in 1937 and executed. 2162:(1789–unknown) were the most important figures in Nicaragua's Independence, as they started the first and second transitional governments that declared to the State's Independence from the FRCA in 1838. 9688:(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991). The following internet sources, while not necessarily scholarly, show how widespread this interpretation is. "History," The Egyptian Presidency, 2008, 10788: 10970: 8132:. He was the one to formally declare the independence of Slovenia on 25 June 1991. He is considered one of the founders of Slovenian democracy and independence. He is also considered, together with 2195:

is considered the founder of Paraguay. He was named perpetual dictator as of the country's formation. Although he was the one that ended up ruling the country, Rodríguez de Francia was not the only

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and his descendants ruled Wallachia for more than three centuries. From the middle of the 14th century, some foreign chronicles used derivations of his name: "Basarab", when referring to Wallachia.

4087:), he decided he would like to rule over it. His strategic plan was very successful and his successors continued to build on his progress. Prithvi Narayan Shah's descendants continued to rule over 11877: 10605:...20–րդ դարասկզբի հայոց ազգային–ազատագրական շարժման ականավոր ղեկավար, Վանի ինքնապաշտպանության ղեկավար, 1918թ. մայիսյան հերոսամարերի կազմակերպիչ, Հայաստանի Հանրապետության կերտող Արամ Մանուկյանի... 10301: 6381:(1922–23), in which Collins and Brugha were killed and de Valera defeated. For decades, the inheritors of the opposing factions bypassed these sensitivities to honour the earlier leaders of the 12774: 10950: 4925:, including the establishment of a national theater and the publication of a national encyclopedia. Khodjaev's political career came to an abrupt end in 1937, when he was arrested as part of 10538:

Aram Manukian (1879–1919), a leading member of the Dashnaktustiune, organized the defense of Van in 1915 and Yerevan in 1918. He is considered the founder of the Republic of Armenia in 1918.

8284:, or the liberal statesmen who helped found the modern Swiss Confederation in 1848 can be considered the founders of Switzerland. Among the latter, those who became the first members of the 7843:

was elected as the first leader of the modern Romanian state. He presided over Wallachia and Moldavia in a personal union, which later became permanent even though he was forced to abdicate.

4807:, no single individual is officially recognized as the "Founder of the Nation." However, different figures have been viewed as founders of Uzbekistan during various eras throughout history. 4165:

or spiritual Father, believed to be the first person to propagate the idea of a state for India's Muslims, Fatima Jinnah (Mother of nation) and members of Pakistan's first Cabinet such as

13114: 10631:"...an Armenian national figure like Aram Manukyan, founder of the First Republic," Levon Shirinyan, who holds the chair of politics and history at Yerevan's teacher-training university. 10070: 1656:(1763–1838), known as "Patriarch of Independence", is considered the maximum leader of the independence movement because of his intellectual mentorship and political prominence, and 13159: 4941:. His legacy continues to be debated, with some seeing him as a progressive reformer and others as a Soviet stooge who contributed to the suppression of Uzbek national identity. 13107: 9647: 7266:

to Christianity. His own reign in Poland started in 1399, upon the death of Queen Jadwiga, and lasted a further thirty-five years and laid the foundation for the centuries-long

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statesman, scholar, public figure and one of the founding political leaders of Azerbaijan Republic (1918–1920). His expression "Bir kərə yüksələn bayraq, bir daha enməz!" ("The

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4 Serangkai Pendiri Republik Sukarno pradoks Revolusi Indonesia, hatta jejak yang melampaui zaman, Sjahrir Peran besar Bung Kecil, Tan Malaka Bapak Republik yang Dilupakan

9676:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965); Arthur Goldschmidt, Jr., Modern Egypt: The Formation of a Nation-State (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1988); Albert Haurani, 8776:

is viewed as the "Founding Father" of Papua New Guinea. The leading figure during the country's transition to independence from Australia, he was Papua New Guinea's first

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Khodzhayev's political career was marked by several challenges, including periods of exile and imprisonment. In 1920, he briefly served as the first prime minister of the

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of its power in Egypt. While failing to achieve formal independence for Egypt during his lifetime, he was successful in laying the foundation for a modern Egyptian state.

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Armenia at the crossroads: democracy and nationhood in the post-Soviet era: essays, interviews, and speeches by the leaders of the national democratic movement in Armenia

5303:. His able and energetic rule brought law and order to Bulgaria and developed the rudiments of state organization, thus he is regarded as an important national founder. 4762:. Following the First World War, the huge conglomeration of territories and peoples that formerly comprised the Ottoman Empire was divided into several new states. The 11245: 5287:

the Fearsome (8th century – 814) – prominent ruler of the First Bulgarian Empire. During his reign the Bulgarian territory doubled in size, spreading from the middle

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took place. It consisted of an elaborate set of festivities that took place on 12–16 October 1971 on the occasion of the 2,500th anniversary of the founding of the

11895: 6920: 4005:. After the war, he was appointed to the government of a returning British administration, and was able to negotiate Burma's independence. He helped organized the 12365: 1708:

as Canada's capital city. The political leaders who brought the other provinces into Confederation after 1867 are also referred to as "Fathers of Confederation".

413:. He was assassinated on 20 January 1973, several months before Guinea-Bissau's unilateral declaration of independence. He is considered a founder of Cape Verde. 322:

who were credited with establishing a state. National founders are typically those who played an influential role in setting up the systems of governance, (i.e.,

9906: 1704:, who supported and encouraged this process, is known as the Mother of Confederation. She was the first Monarch under the 1867 Constitution and personally chose 10135: 9419:. Lenin is also considered the founding father of the modern Russian state. He died soon after the country's founding and retained a special status of secular 5783:

can trace his heritage back to Gorm the Old. He is called the founder of the kingdom of Denmark, though at the time he did not control the whole country, only

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forces not only from Argentina but also from Chile and Peru, where he is thus also celebrated as a national hero. One of his most celebrated feats is the 1817

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As the Netherlands did not recognize the proclamation of independence immediately, both of them were prominent figures and were seen as symbol of unity among

13136: 10038: 7595: 9635: 5732: 3981:, he is credited in forming the basic structure of the independence movement and government. Aung San started his political career in 1930 as the editor of 3821:

is known as the founder of the modern state of Kuwait. He was instrumental in moving the country away from the Ottoman Empire and toward British influence.

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have been referred to as the founding fathers of the region comprising modern day Argentina, Chile, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Panama.

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in February 1947, achieving independence for all Burmese territories. However, on Saturday, 19 July 1947, Aung San, along with his cabinet ministers, was

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was a Danish squire and national hero who liberated Denmark, which had been patented away to German barons and landlords. He is known for his killing of

4770:) in 1923. He subsequently introduced many radical reforms with the aim of transforming the old multinational Ottoman state into a new secular republic. 10308: 9233:" for himself, but this was more of a flourish, since Kiev had never formed part of his realm and Moscow would not control the Kievan region until the 1602:

of Belize. He served as head of government of British Honduras, later Belize from 1961 to 1984. Independence from United Kingdom was achieved in 1981.

11290:, "The Emirate of Transjordan was founded on 11 April 1921, and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan upon formal independence from Britain in 1946" 8439: 7778:. He is considered by many Romanians as a national hero. The Dacian Kingdom under Burebista was the greatest territorial extent in Romania's history. 4256: 1241:

was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda to independence from British colonial rule in 1962. Following the nation's independence, he served as

13175: 10704: 9076:, the first kingdom of Korea. The founding date is usually calculated as 3 October 2333 BC; 3 October is a South Korean national holiday known as 10618: 10080: 7754:

is considered the great king who unified all the Dacian tribes. He is also known for creating a powerful empire that stretched from west to the

4766:(1919–1923), initiated by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and his colleagues in Anatolia, resulted in the establishment of the modern Republic of Turkey ( 3391:, the modern ideology that institutionalized the longstanding Jewish desire to return to the homeland, which eventually lead to the founding of 10584: 8738: 4291: 10761: 10117: 7045:(c. 920/45–992), the first historical ruler of Poland, Mieszko I is considered the de facto creator of the Polish state. He was a Duke of the 1932:, a member of Hernán Cortés' group that conquered Mexico, was sent to conquer the area of land below Mexico that is known today as Guatemala. 9877: 6728:

in the turn of the 19th century into the 20th, who participated in every major event leading to the independence of Lithuania, member of the

6084: 4698:. He greatly expanded the Seljuk territory and consolidated his power, defeating rivals to the south and northwest, and his victory over the 973:, were influential in the establishment of Freetown, but it was Peters who is remembered today as the true influential leader and founder of 2168:(1804–1855) is considered as "Founder of the Republic", as he initiated the 1854 Constitution which formally declared Nicaragua a Republic. 1587:

in 1966. He became the country's first prime minister and served two terms (1966–1976 and 1986–1987) and died in office of illness in 1987.

386:, which was written by Sankara himself. In 2023, Sankara was declared the hero of Burkina Faso and the “true” national founder by president 12317: 12017: 7834: 3797:

There is no official founding father of South Korea who is generally accepted nor acknowledged by the government, though some figures like

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system of voting and pushing for universal adult suffrage and other progressive ideals that would become law early in Australia's history.

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are considered to be the fathers of the Romanian people, as Roman veterans were settled on the present-day territory of Romania following

4860:, is considered to be a significant founder of the nation due to his proximity in time to the establishment of the Uzbek state. He was an 11317: 7655: 6053: 3227: 11878:"Când Ștefan cel Mare face politică. Președintele Igor Dodon folosește imaginea domnitorului pentru a promova ideologia moldovenismului" 11766: 11427:

The Oslo Accords: international law and the Israeli-Palestinian peace agreements, By Geoffrey R. Watson, Oxford University Press, 2000,

3409:, Israel's founding ideology. Ben-Gurion lead Israel for a total of thirteen years and is today admired by both the left and the right. 2155: 262: 12897: 10842: 9603:

was treated as a South African founding father by the South African government during the apartheid era, being featured on statues and

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1477) by Blind Harry (fl. 1470–92) mythologized a national founder-hero in decasyllabic couplets mixed with stanzaical, lyrical verse.

11790: 11148: 234: 9715:(accessed 29 October 2008); "Muhammad Ali of Egypt 1805–48: The Father of Modern Egypt," Travel to Egypt – Egypt Travel Guide, 2007, 7387: 2354: 8652:, John Dunmore Lang was a strong advocate of a federation of the Australian colonies as a democratic republic, independent from the 3187:

is considered to be a founding father by some Indonesians, although he had an authoritarian rule during the time of his presidency.

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and for representative self-government; he led the drafting of New South Wales' first self-governing constitution establishing the

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as an independent state. He was first elected to the presidency in June 1991, while the Russian Federation was still a part of the

6700: 6092: 5805: 4302:. Arafat engaged in a series of negotiations with the Israeli government to end the conflict between it and the PLO, including the 1487: 624:

from 1958 to his death in 1984. Touré was one of the primary Guinean nationalists involved in the independence of the country from

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by Hamid Ansari, Institute for Compilation and Publication of the Works of Imam Khomeini, International Affairs Division, , p. 163

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in the 10th century, to be a founding figure and the common ancestor of all Maori. In the 19th century, the Scottish businessman,

5765:, mentioned in medieval Scandinavian texts. He is said to be the progenitor of the nation and the Danish Royal House according to 12447: 9983: 9732: 8621:

is often regarded as the "Father of Federation" in Australia. During the late 19th century, he was the strongest proponent for a

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is a Slovenian politician, legal expert and author. Between 1990 and 1992, he served as the first chairman of the freely elected

7663: 4653: 4632: 3196: 241: 6635:. Additionally, Rugova ruled Kosovo from the 1992 till 2006 as president of the nation, and ever since has been regarded as the 2977: 2180:

became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean (which he called the South Sea and which he claimed for Spain). Then in 1519

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and oversaw the transformation of Russia into a major European power, re-organising the state in the Western style. Founder of

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is particularly noted for his role in securing universal suffrage for the country's population in 1944 along with founding the

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to help settle 1,192 Black Americans who fought for the British in return for freedom. Peters, alongside other Black Americans

498: 351: 35: 10928: 10731: 12814: 12784: 12754: 12727: 12700: 12673: 12611: 12511: 12457: 12415: 11678: 11432: 11412: 11311: 11272: 11105: 10622: 10216: 9782: 8808:, who united his country and established the contemporary Kingdom of Tonga, has been described as Tonga's "founding father". 6102: 5690: 5660: 5186: 2727: 2346: 2325: 1483: 698: 31: 12663: 11485:

Bowering, Gerhard; Crone, Patricia; Kadi, Wadad; Stewart, Devin J.; Zaman, Muhammad Qasim; Mirza, Mahan (28 November 2012).

9690: 5339:, are also considered as having an important role in the formation and strengthening of the Bulgarian state and nationality. 1854:

is considered the Cuban Founding Father. In 1868 he freed his slaves and declared the independence of Cuba, which began the

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from 1960 to 1966. Yaméogo was politically disenfranchised and all of his titles were denounced in 1970 under the orders of

13205: 13045: 12690: 9252: 6682: 6574: 6256: 6252: 5686: 4913:. As Prime Minister, Khodjaev implemented a series of reforms aimed at promoting industrialization and collectivization in 4910: 4891: 3115: 248: 12865: 10376: 9538:(r. 1039–63) was the first Welsh king to rule over the entire territory of Wales, from about 1057 until his death in 1063. 5353:, and although the Empire was disestablished after his death, he is regarded as a heroic ruler in Bulgaria, as well as in 107: 12277: 11188: 11135:

Narrative of Awakening : A Look at Imam Khomeini's Ideal, Scientific and Political Biography from Birth to Ascension

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https://www.africanews.com/2023/10/05/burkina-faso-former-president-thomas-sankara-elevated-to-the-rank-of-national-hero/

9490:(c. 335–388). According to Welsh tradition, Magnus Maximus (Welsh: Macsen-Wledig) was a Roman general who was proclaimed 9396: 8837: 2149: 1302: 11863: 11604: 10894:

The Archbishops of Cyprus in the Modern Age: The Changing Role of the Archbishop-Ethnarch, their Identities and Politics

2603:(Azerbaijani: Məhəmməd Əmin Axund Hacı Molla Ələkbər oğlu Rəsulzadə, Turkish: Mehmed Emin Resulzâde; (1884–1955) was an 2216: 1731:(Trinidad and Tobago: 1911–1981) were the leaders who brought forth regional integration among the Caribbean Community. 13296: 11339: 10670: 9448: 8777: 8145: 7395: 7343: 7313: 7035: 6386: 4699: 4567: 2936: 2914: 2242: 2227: 1568: 1202:

was the main figure involved in achieving Tanzania's independence. He is often regarded as the "Father of the Nation."

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played a major role for Somalia's independence since the 1940s, with two of its members having served as the first two

962: 533: 12831: 12744: 12717: 10346: 9800: 9009:(871–899), who set in motion the unification of the English kingdoms and could also claim to be the nation's founder. 230: 12576: 11936: 11734: 11651: 11592: 11530: 11496: 10986: 10902: 10852: 10825: 10798: 10771: 10741: 10714: 10552:"Արամ Մանուկյանը հայոց մեծ ողբերգության տարիներին [Aram Manukyan in the Years of the Great Armenian Tragedy]" 10531: 10500: 10143: 8141: 7506: 7223: 7106:. The martyrdom of Adalbert in 997 and his imminent canonization were used to consolidate Poland's autonomy from the 7003: 6314:

is commonly regarded as the founder of the nation. He was Hungary's first king and united the Magyar people into the

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was a leading figure of the Belarusian independence movement in the early 20th century and the Prime Minister of the

4649: 4405: 4260: 3713:, which were the first signs of ethnic strife during Gorbachev's tenure. In modern Kazakhstan, this revolt is called 3617: 3402: 2910: 2730: 2366: 2208: 410: 299: 281: 179: 87: 12396:"Uncertain Times: Sailors, Beachcombers and Castaways as "Missionaries" and Cultural Mediators in Tonga (Polynesia)" 12290: 8631:

is another founding father of Australia. He largely wrote the Australian Constitution in addition to developing the

6985: 4898:. He became well known in the early 20th century as an advocate for Uzbekistani independence and as a leader of the 4387: 3599: 2235: 1290:(1916–18) that fairly deserve recognition. Together, in their different capacities, they led the nation to freedom. 161: 13088: 12047: 8092:, a revolutionary who led the struggle for Serbia's liberation and independence from the Ottoman Empire during the 8089: 7501:

and obtaining the explicit inclusion of independent Poland as point 13 in Wilson's peace terms in 1918, called the

6733: 5222: 5042: 5034: 4299: 4096: 4083:. His vision of ruling over a unified Nepal is said to have started when atop a hill near Nepa Valley (Present day 3985:'s newspaper – where he accused one of the colonial administrators in Burma of misconduct. In late 1940 he went to 3706: 2720: 2212: 537: 517: 468: 418: 11685:

On 15 June 1997 Franjo Tudjman, the self-proclaimed "Father of the Nation," was elected for another five-year term

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is generally considered the first King of England, while the modern English polity is often considered founded by

6283: 2144:, as he led the state to independence by revolting against the pro Mexican government in 1823. Later he served as 1895: 1525:

turned soldier who participated in the War of Independence, is regarded as the "Mother of the Homeland" (Spanish:

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in 1829 with his family to join thousands of other African Americans resettled from 1820 based on efforts of the

13236: 12343: 12208: 12164: 12147:"The Federated States of Micronesia Mourns the loss of one of its Founding Fathers: Chief Justice Andon Amaraich" 9991: 9961: 7282:. The reign of Władysław II Jagiełło extended Polish frontiers and is often considered the beginning of Poland's 7239: 7231: 6748: 6672: 6216:, writer and revolutionary who is remembered as a national hero and the first victim of the uprising against the 5720: 4914: 4895: 3469: 807: 694: 17: 13246: 3680:(1912–1993) was a Kazakh Soviet communist politician. He became first secretary of the Central Committee of the 3641:

statesman, politician, publicist, teacher, writer and environmental scientist. He was leader and founder of the

2611:

once raised will never fall!") became the motto of the independence movement in Azerbaijan in the 20th century.

13306: 13256: 13251: 13215: 13210: 12890: 12498: 11522: 9400: 8917: 8672: 8494: 6981: 6912: 6562: 6374: 6014: 5666: 5152: 5131: 4976: 4383: 3944: 3762: 3595: 3425: 3219: 2073: 1653: 1580: 219: 146: 79: 10586:Արամ Մանուկյան. Փաստաթղթեր և նյութերի ժողովածու [Aram Manukian: Collection of documents and materials] 8625:

territories. However, he died before Australia federated, and was never able to see his plan come to fruition.

6814: 4043: 2192: 13271: 13266: 13261: 12382: 10656: 9957: 8588: 8217: 8177: 8165: 7639: 7263: 6590: 6546: 6402: 5716: 5656: 3123: 1832: 1541: 1457: 958: 690: 42: 8909: 8144:

and one of the main persons in the Slovenian fight for independence. The largest Slovenian airport is named

5646: 2330: 2133: 2115: 13241: 13220: 13083: 12992: 12231: 10593: 10507:

Aram pasha, as he was known to friend and foe alike, had been a veritable founder of the Armenian republic.

9310:(died 1305) as one of the founder-heroes of Scotland's struggle to preserve/re-establish independence from 8913: 8471: 8380: 8057: 8053: 7599: 7510: 7467: 6889: 6842: 6327: 5949: 5610: 5310: 4454: 3152: 3096: 2874: 2863: 2834: 2713: 2706: 2584: 2294: 1801: 1271: 621: 12395: 12186: 8083: 6080:(1815–1898), the "Iron Chancellor", engineered the unification of the numerous states of Germany in 1871. 5046: 4499:. He was a military leader, judge and scholar, knight and poet possessing both gallantry and magnanimity. 2028:. Bustamante served as the then colony's first Chief Minister from 1953 to 1955 and later went on to lead 1851: 13099: 11896:"Țepeș, Ștefan cel Mare sau Lăpușneanu. Moldoveni, despre personalități pe care și le-ar dori președinte" 9360: 8969: 8941: 8929: 8857: 7463: 7267: 7243: 6725: 6656: 6554: 5712: 5010: 4972: 4763: 4541: 3978: 3208: 1906: 1840: 525: 10013: 8569:

is considered by historians to have had a crucial influence on the transition of New South Wales from a

6830: 1515: 13301: 11029: 10114: 9447:

second in command in the Soviet Union during Lenin's tenure. He was also nominated for the position of

8376: 8153: 7355: 7278:

Central and Eastern Europe. During his reign, the Polish-Lithuanian state was the largest state in the

7262:, married the young Queen Jadwiga, and was crowned King of Poland as Władysław II Jagiełło. In 1387 he 7126: 6631:

as a key figure, since he was the one that brought an independence movement of Kosovo from the fall of

6260: 5404:. Arguably the best esteemed of all Bulgarian patriarchs, Euthymius was an authoritative figure in the 5376: 5253:. He was a son of Kubrat and started attacking and moving southwest of Old Great Bulgaria, towards the 4949: 4784: 3998: 3986: 3894: 3890: 3348: 3122:

which erupted in 1931 into a full national liberation movement and served as the Prime Minister of the

2177: 2013: 1998: 1002: 255: 12087: 10626: 9936: 7379: 5182: 5114:

was a Belarusian poet and writer of the early 20th century, a major writer and one of the founders of

4429: 12910: 12883: 12560: 12000:

Posle četrdeset godina: u spomen proslave četrdesetogodišnjice Sv. Andrejske velike narodne skupštine

11953:"Why did the Norwegian constitution of 1814 become a part of positive law in the nineteenth century?" 11835: 11213: 10406: 9563: 8869: 8856:(629–630) Muhammad took leadership over his tribesmen. Furthermore, Muhammad oversaw delegations and 8181: 7714: 7561: 7536: 7270:. The dynasty ruled both states until 1572, and became one of the most influential dynasties in late 6788: 6717: 6615: 6362: 6243: 6038: 6010: 5840: 5825: 5397: 5018: 4549: 4458: 4303: 4244: 4092: 4028: 3465: 3458: 3230:

which then led to the recognition of Indonesian independence by the Netherlands on 27 December 1949.

2690: 2686: 2676: 2671:. He led Bengali nation to the decade long struggle for independence against then autocratic rule of 2588: 2562: 2535: 2077: 2049: 1691: 1098: 1080: 1065: 871: 721:, (1889–1983) was the first and only king of Libya, reigning from 1951 to 1969, and the Chief of the 11015: 10597: 8466:(both England and Scotland). The sovereign United Kingdom of Great Britain, however, dates from the 7721:, and with the purpose of expanding the territory southwards. And, more importantly, his son, Count 5779:, the first recorded ruler of Denmark, reigning from c. 936 to his death c. 958. The current King 4523: 3761:

was the founder of North Korea. He ruled from 1948 to 1994. After his death, he was declared as the

1982: 1805: 13055: 13025: 13013: 12970: 10556: 10102: 8788: 8253: 8037: 7710: 7498: 7309: 7227: 6966: 6804: 6660: 6248: 5630: 5626: 5606: 5101: 5081: 4368: 4047: 3732: 3580: 3092: 2200: 1940: 1917: 1683: 1679: 1673: 1242: 153: 111: 12484: 12005:да се на престо српски поврати њен ослободилац и оснивалац: Отац Отаџбине, Милош Обреновић Велики, 10951:"India becomes first Asian country to participate as 'Guest of Honour' in international book fair" 8309: 4961: 4755: 4683: 2969:, even though the state has yet to officially confer the title "Father of the Nation" upon anyone. 2309: 2290: 1614: 1025:, who led the country to become one of the most democratic and most economically stable states in 13062: 13050: 13040: 13030: 12800: 12770: 11512: 9987: 9529: 9286: 8649: 8622: 8452: 8281: 8093: 7789: 7297: 6970: 6676: 5953: 5572: 5401: 5372: 5360: 5077: 4512: 4372: 4315: 4264: 4010: 3994: 3728: 3584: 3058: 2769: 2282: 2253: 2159: 2065: 1958: 1887: 1836: 1828: 1752: 1687: 1453: 1441: 1436: 1091: 702: 655: 541: 355: 208: 157: 12314: 11447:

Palestinian Politics after Arafat: A Failed National Movement:Palestinian Politics after Arafat,

11287: 10492: 10485: 10462: 7079: 2989: 1743:

Posthumous (1854) portrait of the Founding Fathers of the Chilean Republic. From left to right:

1647: 13067: 13018: 11404: 10480: 10424: 10276: 9774: 9503: 9290: 9222: 8592: 8505:, Lord Craigavon, considered by unionists to be its founding fathers. The reinstallment of the 8328: 8313: 8209: 8079: 7947:

in 1613. His elevation marked the end of the period of political and civil strife known as the

7910: 7868: 7795: 7659: 7581: 7544: 7426: 7418: 7383: 6231: 6223: 6049: 5922: 5672: 5659:, main patron saint of the country. Anniversary of his murder on 28 September is celebrated as 5635: 5313: 5266: 4311: 4014: 3204: 2932: 2849: 2440: 2145: 2085: 1695: 966: 939: 867: 795: 678: 613: 11668: 11301: 9769:

The Black Loyalists: The Search for a Promised Land in Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone, 1783–1870

8591:, Australia's first parliament. He was among the first colonists to promote a nascent form of 8213: 7862: 7359: 5515: 4864:

leader who consolidated various Uzbek tribes and laid the foundations for their ascendance in

1994: 1824: 1766: 1744: 1661: 326:

form of government, and constitution), of the country. They can also be military leaders of a

13190: 12965: 12925: 11758: 11486: 9593:, its second prime minister, was a prominent advocate of unification and seen in more recent 8411: 8285: 7675: 7473: 7375: 7289: 6489: 6342: 6273:, first head of state of independent Greece (1827–1831) and founder of the modern Greek state 6065: 5997: 5988: 5975: 5934: 5836: 5780: 5386: 5115: 5065: 5030: 4548:, governing for three decades, from 1959 to 1990. Lee has helped to build the economy from a 4442: 4272: 3906: 3417: 3344: 2878: 2660: 2639: 2623: 2600: 2231: 2096: 2081: 2045: 2025: 1813: 1762: 1748: 1572: 1491: 1395: 1218: 1195: 978: 769: 733:, another of the three traditional regions that now constitute modern Libya (the third being 521: 494: 375: 11952: 8256:, can be said to have established Sweden as a nation. Birger was Jarl in the years 1248–66. 7319: 6721: 2858:

is conventionally regarded as having inaugurated dynastic rule in China by establishing the

2733:(altogether known as 'Four National Leaders') and the Liberation Wartime armed forces chief 2181: 1022: 13149: 12950: 12099: 12095: 11836:"Signataras J.Basanavičius – tautos patriarchas, pasilikęs gyventi lenkų užimtame Vilniuje" 11787: 10519: 9594: 9535: 9230: 8921: 8415: 8342: 8220:

was the first to inherit the dynastic union and the first Habsburg monarch. His successor,

8169: 8129: 7804: 7722: 7430: 7425:

and was a distinguished figure on the international scene. He is viewed as a father of the

7402: 7371: 7158: 7020: 6778: 6737: 6729: 6509: 6311: 6270: 6235: 6227: 6023: 5908: 5676: 5675:, politician and historian, influential in Czech National Revival movement, known by title 5587: 5545: 5460: 5382: 5364: 5262: 5246: 5160: 5093: 5069: 4788: 4727: 4663: 4466: 4076: 4072: 4062: 3982: 3886: 3845: 3724: 3526: 3511: 3505: 3073: 2920: 2705:

Apart from the founding leaders, the four key members of the Liberation Wartime government

2504: 2472: 2298: 2021: 1954: 1944: 1461: 1226: 1050: 1042: 1006: 789: 726: 49: 12472: 12159: 12121: 9907:"José de San Martín: ¿cómo llegó a convertirse en el gestor de la independencia del Perú?" 9821: 8513:

led to his recognition as the "Father of Scottish devolution" and "Father of the Nation".

8097: 7410: 6800: 6406: 5742: 4953: 4887: 4879: 2452: 1990: 460: 359: 8: 12338: 12256: 12203: 11545: 11189:"international relations :: The Iranian revolution – Britannica Online Encyclopedia" 9532:, "was a powerful symbol of unity and identity, as powerful, indeed, as their language". 9311: 8998: 8628: 8506: 8427: 8372: 8205: 7982: 7928: 7840: 7738: 7301: 7130: 7114:(11 March 1000), which resulted in the establishment of a Polish church structure with a 7111: 7091: 7042: 6944: 6570: 6502: 6338: 6204: 5938: 5579: 5535: 5525: 5424: 5368: 5336: 5317: 5306: 5156: 5014: 4703: 4640: 4193: 4146: 4135: 3677: 3634: 3553: 3522: 3316: 3151:(1869–1948) is considered the father of the nation and the most prominent leaders of the 3065: 2723: 2694: 2570: 2516: 2512: 1986: 1576: 1335: 1279: 1246: 1172: 1053:. There are several murals and monuments dedicated to the SYL's independence movement in 1038: 982: 571: 327: 10644: 8888:

Despite this state not possessing a specific name, it proved to be the platform for the

8065: 7609: 6569:

have been referred to as the "Four Fathers of the Fatherland" for their contribution to

5269:

in 680–681. Modern day Bulgaria is a direct successor of this state. Asparukh's brother

4438: 3489:

is celebrated annually on 11 February in commemoration of the founding of the nation of

2268: 1970: 12644: 12500:

The Origins of the Slavic Nations: Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus

11398: 11221: 11097: 11077: 11049: 11003: 9767: 9604: 9438: 9371: 9323: 9297: 9261: 9234: 9178: 8957: 8949: 8925: 8889: 8881: 8742: 8706: 8612:, colonial Australian politician, premier of New South Wales and "Father of Federation" 8479: 8478:

of Great Britain and Ireland, later Northern Ireland, was created in 1801 by a further

8467: 8358: 8259: 8221: 8074:, revolutionary who led the struggle for Serbia's liberation and independence from the 8005: 7918: 7896: 7771: 7667: 7631: 7557: 7422: 7351: 7208: 7162: 7099: 7095: 7054: 6862: 6762: 6558: 6540: 6533: 6315: 6264: 6239: 6170: 6164: 6019: 6001: 5926: 5904: 5900: 5882: 5682: 5466: 5342: 5332: 5240: 5176: 5144: 5120: 4964:– the first dynasty of Vietnam and laid the foundation to form the country of Vietnam. 4869: 4826: 4295: 4248: 4224: 4213: 4006: 3870: 3860: 3837: 3421: 3300: 2608: 2486: 2476: 2416: 2389: 2362: 2286: 2272: 2257: 2239: 2111: 1835:, First President of the Republic and proclaimed "Founder of the Republic" by Congress 1781: 1610: 1595: 1355: 1222: 754: 659: 544:. British military presence in Egypt ended with nationalisation of Suez Canal in 1956. 347: 8912:, the real unifier of various Slavic tribes in Bohemia and creator of nation was Duke 8705:

dominated the political scene for the first two decades of the republic; he served as

7856: 7718: 6366: 1909:

took this as a cue to declare Ecuador's independence at a junta in Guayaquil in 1820.

1664:, the symbol of the "center of force and union", according to the Bonifácio strategy. 363: 343: 30:"Founding fathers" redirects here. For the founding fathers of the United States, see 12810: 12780: 12750: 12723: 12696: 12669: 12636: 12607: 12572: 12507: 12453: 12411: 12368:"Prime Minister opens student admin building named after him", Divine Word University 12273: 11932: 11808:"Karaliaus Mindaugo paslaptys: nuo gimimo ir karūnavimo – iki charakterio ir mirties" 11740: 11730: 11674: 11647: 11639: 11588: 11526: 11492: 11460: 11428: 11408: 11307: 11268: 11101: 10898: 10848: 10821: 10794: 10767: 10737: 10710: 10678: 10565: 10527: 10496: 10075: 9846: 9778: 9708: 9475: 9470: 9412: 9289:(1058–1093), who was the first king to rule over nearly all Scotland, after annexing 9226: 9218: 9130: 9037: 8861: 8853: 8754: 8645: 8580: 8566: 8366: 8348: 8317: 8289: 8229: 8201: 7906: 7818: 7516: 7414: 7323: 7283: 7251: 7150: 7107: 7103: 7063: 7058: 7031: 6783: 6611: 6603: 6513: 6506: 6307: 6200: 6196: 6077: 6042: 6027: 5992: 5963: 5959: 5930: 5890: 5704: 4857: 4822: 4814: 4636: 4622: 4606: 4602: 4553: 4508: 4480: 4319: 4283: 4268: 4182: 4174: 3814: 3701:, who accused him of corruption. On 16 December 1986 the Politburo replaced him with 3698: 3685: 3354: 3296: 2899:; "Emperor") to reflect his prestigious status vis-à-vis prior rulers, thus becoming 2709: 2558: 2405: 2385: 2373: 2337:, chief among the founders of the United States, called "the Father of his country" ( 2334: 2069: 1929: 1891: 1855: 1657: 1637: 1633: 1509: 1400: 1306: 954: 758: 667: 579: 513: 414: 11516: 8397: 8293: 7811:, and the first independent Romanian state was consequently founded. He founded the 6652: 5076:, is often referred to as the "Father of the Republic" due to his leadership of the 3692:. He kept his position for twenty-two more years. He was an alternate member of the 3529:, until 25 May 1946, after which he was the king of an independent Jordan. He was a 3114:

is considered the father of the nation and one of the most prominent leaders of the

2176:

The first Spanish settlement in Panama was made in 1510. Then on 25 September 1513,

2089: 1809: 810:

was the Nama captain who led the early resistance against Germans in the late 1800s.

398: 387: 12930: 12204:"Fiji's founding father, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, to be buried on home island today" 11700:(Carolina Academic Press, 1994), ch. ix "Theseus:Making the New Athens" pp. 203–222 11069: 11041: 10888: 10228: 9801:"Saint John historian illuminates story of Thomas Peters, prominent black loyalist" 9716: 9680:(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002); Jean Lacouture and Simonne Lacouture, 9616: 9600: 9416: 9404: 9274: 9256: 9248: 9184: 9146: 9033: 9025: 9021: 9006: 8893: 8829: 8448: 8419: 8407: 8362: 8352: 8137: 7970: 7966: 7948: 7936: 7808: 7759: 7734: 7540: 7115: 7046: 7024: 6595: 6566: 6410: 6358: 6295: 6208: 6073: 5790: 5766: 5650: 5575: 5565: 5502: 5472: 5448: 5405: 5350: 5321: 5258: 5127: 5097: 4739: 4645: 4594: 4571: 4473:(1892-1948) served as first President of independent Philippines from 1946 to 1948. 4462: 4446: 4236: 4232: 4186: 4170: 4166: 3818: 3530: 3461: 3398: 3061: 3051: 2888: 2845: 2814: 2779: 2682: 2635: 2519:. Due to this, the Afghan parliament gave him the title of "Father of the Nation." 2397: 2204: 1966: 1876: 1773:(1793–1837) is sometimes considered due to his influence in the 1833 Constitution. 1650:(1467/68–1520) commander of the first Portuguese fleet to arrive in South America. 1641: 1465: 1410: 1365: 1345: 885: 826: 813: 738: 682: 583: 448: 323: 11557:Токушев, Д. "История на българската средновековна държава и право", Сиби, С. 2009 10191: 10165: 9960:(in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Museo Roca - Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas. 8458:

Scotland and England were finally united dynastically rather than militarily, and

7254:

until 1399, and then sole King of Poland. He ruled in Lithuania from 1377. Born a

7207:

affairs. Finally, as the culmination of his reign, in 1025 he had himself crowned

6457:, great Roman general and dictator, extended Roman citizenship to the inhabitants 6398: 5541: 3921: 2569:

where Hayk and his people battled with and were then free from the tyranny of the

2316:. He was a staunch democrat and federalist, opposed to monarchism and centralism. 12975: 12945: 12906: 12564: 12538: 12321: 11998: 11978: 11926: 11794: 11641: 11394: 11262: 10974: 10354: 10121: 9739: 9694: 9574: 9408: 9351: 9307: 9240: 9188: 8897: 8769: 8702: 8573:

to a free settlement and therefore to have played a major role in the shaping of

8559: 8502: 8444: 8414:, William I of England following the Norman Conquest, and from which the present 8386: 8301: 7978: 7954: 7914: 7892: 7850: 7812: 7502: 7459: 7434: 7305: 7279: 6901: 6578: 6430: 6414: 6378: 6096: 5614: 5490: 5478: 5436: 5354: 5325: 5300: 4721: 4178: 4116: 4112: 3787: 3783: 3718: 3689: 3650: 3340: 3336: 3324: 3304: 3292: 3119: 3100: 2745: 2734: 2448: 2061: 2053: 1861: 1537: 1505: 1499: 1415: 1385: 1380: 1360: 1330: 1210: 970: 923: 911: 878: 853: 773: 750: 529: 444: 436:

from 1960 to 1966. The constitution outlines him as being the "Founding Father."

319: 10377:"Statue of Venezuela's founding father unveiled in Tehran in presence of Chavez" 9277:(841–858) who united Pictland and Scotland, around the year 843, when he became 9237:(1667), but Kiev remained an important city in early Slavic history and culture. 8718: 8125: 7627: 5696: 5598: 3501: 3084: 2619: 12997: 10384: 9525: 9487: 9382: 9244: 9200: 9158: 9134: 8973: 8845: 8805: 8792: 8773: 8750: 8668: 8653: 8555: 8528: 8487: 8475: 8459: 8401: 8164:

was the first minister of defense, and played a big role in the development of

8075: 8071: 8061: 8049: 7988: 7974: 7932: 7922: 7775: 7696: 7587: 7573: 7442: 7347: 7293: 7247: 7204: 7161:

as ruler. According to legend, Bolesław chipped his sword when striking Kiev's

7087: 7083: 6846: 6808: 6628: 6517: 6458: 6394: 6390: 6330:

against the Habsburgs, and therefore founder of the modern Hungarian Republic.

6217: 6183: 6141: 6088: 6069: 6006: 5860: 5821: 5708: 5583: 5519: 5442: 5278: 5148: 5105: 5038: 4922: 4850: 4780: 4731: 4667: 4287: 4162: 4153:

or "Great Leader" and Baba-e-Qaum or Father of Nation. He founded not only the

4100: 4002: 3702: 3667: 3642: 3188: 3168: 3148: 3138: 3069: 3025: 2841: 2716: 2490: 2165: 2033: 1770: 1756: 1724: 1720: 1701: 1584: 1519: 1420: 1390: 1287: 1283: 1267: 1261: 1199: 1188: 1133: 1128: 1123: 1084: 1076: 935: 927: 846: 762: 714: 663: 602: 456: 452: 367: 11912: 11192: 11090: 9510:. His mytho-heroic founding of Wales is celebrated in the modern Welsh anthem 8173: 8161: 8157: 8028:, in 301. Tradition holds that he was a stonemason by trade who came from the 7129:, which had tried to claim jurisdiction over the Polish church. Following the 5096:

was a revolutionary, publicist and poet, was one of the leaders of the failed

3405:, and is often considered an important founding figure as well as a leader of 2456: 701:

in 1847. The descendants of Roberts and the African American settlers are the

13290: 12985: 12980: 12960: 12955: 12940: 12640: 12542: 12403: 12325: 11744: 11670:

One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups

11608: 10682: 10648: 10569: 9850: 9551: 9547: 9499: 9491: 9452: 9399:. The party governed the Soviet Union initially through a coalition with the 9278: 9192: 9150: 9138: 9005:. However, his fame is often overshadowed by his predecessor and grandfather 8802: 8687: 8665: 8638: 8498: 8463: 8338: 8149: 8133: 8110: 8029: 8021: 8001: 7992: 7591: 7577: 7569: 7532: 7452: 7448: 7339: 7304:, whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548. In 1569 he oversaw the signing of the 6885: 6694: 6472: 6454: 6382: 6370: 6319: 6213: 5878: 5864: 5852: 5801: 5795: 5770: 5746: 5669:, King of Bohemia, who is known under honorific title Father of the Homeland. 5569: 5548:

1990–99. Sometimes referred to as and self-proclaimed "Father of the Nation".

5006: 4996: 4926: 4918: 4695: 4618: 4586: 4450: 4220: 4209: 3963: 3936: 3841: 3654: 3436: 3406: 3384: 3373: 3308: 3274: 3176: 3111: 3055: 2900: 2804: 2580: 2531: 2444: 2424: 2401: 2338: 2009: 1785: 1728: 1522: 1350: 1311: 1298: 1108: 1017: 989:

ethnicity today and in 2011, a statue was erected in Freetown to honour him.

651: 636: 632: 598: 559:

from 1745 to 1780. He is considered to be the first King of modern Eswatini.

509: 502: 483: 402: 11726:

Understanding nationalism : studies in Icelandic nationalism, 1800–2000

9720: 9684:, trans. Francis Scarfe (New York: Criterion Books, 1958); P.J. Vatikiotis, 7358:. As Supreme Commander of the Polish National Armed Forces, he led the 1794 6594:(the Constituent Assembly of 1946–1947) are considered the "fathers" of the 4957: 4424: 4342: 3203:

on 17 August 1945. A day later, they were elected respectively as the first

1257: 693:. In 1839, Roberts became Liberia's lieutenant governor and afterwards, its 666:

in 1963. He was the preeminent political figure for independence during the

12935: 12839: 12146: 11344: 9607:(although the likeness was erroneous and was actually that of another man). 9507: 9455:

during the succession struggle, exiled and eventually assassinated in 1940.

9426: 9392: 9347: 9229:

from 1547 until his death in 1584. Ivan also claimed the historical title "

9103: 9077: 9029: 8877: 8836:. This feat in and of itself was unheard of, as the city consisted of both 8618: 8609: 8570: 8532: 8510: 8418:

continue to assert descent. The first Monarch to unite all of Scotland was

8297: 8033: 7996: 7944: 7889: 7755: 7580:

in Upper Silesia before the war and sought to join Silesia to Poland after

7553: 7366: 7275: 7188: 7068: 6870: 6758: 6686: 6585: 6497: 6493: 6468: 6174: 5971: 5967: 5945: 5776: 5736: 5602: 5557: 5484: 5454: 5418: 5254: 5143:

Though there is no official founding father of Belgium, the leaders of the

5111: 5073: 4992: 4938: 4934: 4903: 4537: 4527: 4484: 4470: 4323: 4307: 4240: 4223:

has been considered by some commentators as being the "founding father" of

4158: 4150: 3932: 3925: 3798: 3731:

following its independence from the Soviet Union in December 1991. In 2010

3658: 3332: 3156: 3088: 3043: 2855: 2808: 2542: 2494: 1868: 1716: 1564: 1552: 1478: 1445: 1375: 1340: 1238: 1153: 1103: 974: 931: 905: 860: 816:

was the founder of the first rudimentary state in the territory of Namibia.

801: 730: 640: 575: 497:(1769–1849) is the Father of Modern Egypt, being the first ruler since the 379: 41:"Founding Father" redirects here. For the short story by Isaac Asimov, see 13129: 12875: 10235:[History of the Legislative Organ of the Republic of El Salvador] 9882: 9789:, originally published by Longman & Dalhousie University Press (1976). 9340: 9282: 7729:

who took control of the county after Henry died and was recognized by the

7509:

and also Poland's foreign minister in 1919, and represented Poland at the

7146: 7050: 4853:

and made significant contributions to the development of Uzbek Statehood.

4205: 3369: 1739: 1544:

from 1967 to 1992. Independence from United Kingdom was achieved in 1973.

697:(1841–1848). He is known as the father of Liberia and officially declared 11445: 11364: 11153: 9835:"Julius Nyerere, Ujamaa, and Political Morality in Contemporary Tanzania" 9586: 9515: 9465: 9017: 8990: 8945: 8758: 8734: 8726: 8521: 8305: 8276: 8249: 8168:, together with Janez Slapar who was the first chief of staff. The first 7692: 7635: 7565: 6818: 6303: 6160: 6061: 5896: 5868: 5700: 5430: 5328:

called him one of the greatest persons in history. His son and grandson,

5061: 4930: 4865: 4832: 4419: 4346: 4314:. In 1994, he returned to Palestine and promoted self-government for the 3832:

is widely considered a founding father of the Lao people. In present-day

3758: 3646: 3413: 3215: 3200: 2906: 2882: 2870: 2859: 2794: 2775: 2698: 2480: 2100: 2057: 1872: 1508:, another important leader of the War of Independence and creator of the 1165: 1113: 899: 874:

from 1957 to 1966. Independence from United Kingdom was achieved in 1960.

839: 429: 11864:"Descălecatul (întemeierea) Moldovei. Bogdan I, primul domn al Moldovei" 9834: 8490:

is generally considered the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

8455:, asserting Scottish nationhood and sovereignty, date from that period. 8114: 7871:

was King of Romania when the country gained Transylvania and Bessarabia.

7153:. In the summer of 1018, in one of his expeditions, Bolesław I captured 6716:, is seen as the founder of the Lithuanian state, as is commemorated on 6083:

Modern, democratic Germany was decisively shaped by the "Fathers of the

5689:, which independence on 28 October 1918 is today celebrated as factical 5389:

between 1375 and 1393. Regarded as one of the most important figures of

2768:

According to local historiography, the country of Brunei was founded by

1184: 772:, who secured Moroccan independence in 1956, declared himself the first 12648: 12628: 11461:"Turkey – Location, Geography, People, Economy, Culture, & History" 11081: 11053: 9719:(accessed 29 October 2008); "Muhammad Ali of Egypt," Answer.com, 2008, 9495: 9420: 8746: 8632: 8584: 8435: 8036:(modern Croatia), fleeing persecution for his Christian beliefs in the 8025: 7643: 7528: 7524: 7489: 7455: 7406: 7258:, in 1386 he converted to Catholicism and was baptized as Władysław in 7176: 7172: 7167: 7134: 6869:, is known as the father of the Netherlands. He led the Dutch in their 6850: 6632: 6299: 5754: 5561: 5496: 4846: 4804: 4792: 4717: 4691: 4590: 4557: 3977:(also known as Myanmar). Although he did not live to see the country's 3638: 3557: 3312: 3180: 3047: 2962: 2693:

are considered as three primary founders of Bangladesh, who shaped the

2668: 2627: 2604: 2381: 1405: 1370: 1148: 1143: 1138: 892: 785: 587: 552: 464: 406: 9385:– Officially one among many equal founders of the country, Lenin was, 7142: 6207:

who contributed to the country's national awakening leading up to its

5009:(24 January 1844 – 26 January 1919) was a distinguished leader of the 3549: 3262: 2378:

Seven Who Shaped Our Destiny: The Founding Fathers as Revolutionaries,

2072:(1770–1814), Leonardo Bravo (1764–1812), Miguel Bravo (unknown–1814), 1083:, in office from 1994 to 1999. He led the negotiations, together with 383: 11812: 11724: 10968:

Nagaland CM inaugurates Multi Media Exhibition at World War II museum

9988:

Museo Nacional del Cabildo de Buenos Aires y de la Revolución de Mayo

9590: 9521: 9511: 9430: 9174: 8986: 8574: 7885: 7822: 7781: 7763: 7751: 7688: 7613: 7485: 7331: 6713: 6643:

to which now 97 nations have recognised Kosovo as of September 2021.

6287: 6056:

sought out multiple legendary founders of the German nation, such as

5189: 4902:. This movement aimed to modernize and secularize Islamic society in 4745: 4575: 4545: 4531: 4084: 4058: 3959: 3743: 3714: 3693: 3662: 3538: 3223: 3192: 2756:. He established the dual system of shared power between secular and 2554: 2420: 2276: 2125: 1797: 1118: 1054: 1046: 722: 567: 556: 371: 12832:"Suid-Afrikaanse Rand South African Rand Old Rand Notes (1970–1994)" 11073: 11045: 10425:"Francisco de Miranda and Andrés Bello lectures at The Bolívar Hall" 9765:

Walker, James W (1992). "Chapter Five: Foundation of Sierra Leone".

8192: 7603: 7259: 7138: 6955: 6908:

and ruled c. 872–930, is often considered the founder of the nation.

4810: 4540:(1923–2015), often referred to by his initials "LKY", was the first 4357: 3569: 2935:

in AD 1940. Today, he is still officially recognized as such in the

2459:

as the founding father of modern democratic-dictatorship Venezuela.

2245:. This is why he is often considered the father of modern Paraguay. 1476:

in Spanish) is commemorated as a national holiday. One of the main

197: 164:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 11928:

Politics, Power and the Struggle for Democracy in South-East Europe

11840: 10043: 9443: 9434: 9387: 9367: 9126: 9073: 7826: 7730: 7700: 7647: 7520: 7493: 7481: 7271: 7180: 7049:

from about 960 until his death. Mieszko I's marriage in 965 to the

6916: 6845:(1747–1830) acquired de facto independence for Montenegro from the 6529: 6464: 6434: 6346: 6057: 5918: 5874: 5591: 5393: 5390: 5270: 5250: 5214: 5202: 4749: 4735: 4707: 4628: 4561: 4154: 4139: 4039: 3970: 3940: 3910: 3874: 3864: 3856: 3779: 3534: 3238: 3167:

The 4 general founders of Indonesia are generally considered to be

3077: 2818: 2783: 2757: 2672: 2651: 2566: 2550: 2498: 2436: 2393: 2139: 2121: 1560: 1319: 1282:

from 1964 to 1991. However, there are important personalities like

950: 512:(1859–1927), was a politician who served in many ministries of the 12571:. Oxford Reference. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 130. 12018:"Governor, soldier, spy: Uncovering the history of Arthur Phillip" 11640:

Predrag Matvejević; Vidosav Stevanović; Zlatko Dizdarević (1999).

9712: 5528:

is celebrated as the first king of Croatia and the founder of the

4338: 3518:

realm from 11 April 1921 until his assassination on 20 July 1951.

3450: 3134: 9910: 9711:. "Muhammad Ali of Egypt 1805–48," Egypt: a Country Study, 1990, 9524:(c. 880–950) was responsible for the codification of traditional 9243:, Tsar from 1682, officially proclaimed the establishment of the 9208: 9204: 9154: 9142: 9118: 9053: 8994: 8953: 8952:

on 30 May 1967 after he seceded the predominantly Igbo region of

8892:(632–661) to eventually look beyond the Arabian Peninsula to the 8832:(570–632) assumed political leadership over Yathrib, present day 8730: 8423: 8263: 7962: 7902: 7846: 7799: 7477: 7438: 7335: 7200: 7196: 7192: 7184: 7175:

sword of Poland's kings. Bolesław I was a remarkable politician,

7123: 7119: 6441: 6291: 6147: 6116: 6112: 5784: 5762: 5292: 5050: 5000: 4713: 4279: 4018: 3974: 3902: 3829: 3649:

in the Kazakh political scene who were promoting the idea of the

3388: 3191:

is generally considered as one of the more democratic founder of

3184: 3172: 2546: 2432: 2358: 2313: 2029: 2017: 1793: 1618: 1315: 1214: 998: 919: 833: 686: 532:

convince the British to grant Egypt independence with a friendly

12069: 10883: 10881: 10233:"Historia del Órgano Legislativo de la República de El Salvador" 7568:

was contested by Germany and Poland. Korfanty fought to protect

7072:", which mentions a gift or dedication of Mieszko's land to the 6940: 4445:

in 1896, which saw armed resistance against the Spanish Empire.

3222:

from 1945 to 1949. In August 1949, Hatta headed a delegation to

3013: 2527: 9589:

was the first Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa, and

9212: 9063: 9049: 9002: 8833: 8822: 8245: 8225: 8212:, unified Spain in the 15th century. Both came from the noble 7940: 7785: 7767: 7704: 7651: 7621: 7327: 7326:, statesman, and military leader who became a national hero in 6905: 6873:

against Spain for their independence. Today he is often called

6826: 6640: 6179: 6151: 6140:, who gives his name to both the people and the country in the 6137: 6133: 5912: 5757:(or Halfdan) is the name of the legendary earliest king of the 5640: 5288: 5274: 5236: 5218: 4861: 4818: 4759: 4679: 4659: 4327: 4252: 4035: 3990: 3802: 3791: 3775: 3747: 3710: 3671: 3515: 3392: 3377: 3320: 2940: 2822: 2753: 2643: 2574: 2428: 2220: 1920:

is considered to be the "Father of the Salvadoran Fatherland".

1789: 1705: 1318:(Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front), who ruled 1275: 1026: 734: 625: 617: 479: 12829: 12749:. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Prentice Hall. p. 162. 8604: 5080:, and for playing a decisive role in establishing the present 4597:(1883–1952) is widely known as the modern (post independence) 4131: 3935:(c. 1162–1227), who by uniting the nomadic tribes founded the 3873:(1903–1990) usually known as "the Tunku" (a princely title in 3735:

named him Елбасы (Elbasy) which means "Leader of the Nation".

3001: 1961:(1758–1806) were revolutionary and early political leaders of 1175:

serves as first President of South Sudan from 2011 to present.

536:

and in 1922, Egypt was proclaimed an independent kingdom, the

10878: 10551: 9878:"¿Por qué San Martín es considerado el "Padre de la Patria"?" 9672:

The 'Father of Modern Egypt' school includes: Henry Dodwell,

9170: 9106:

is not celebrated and recognized at all, unlike South Korea.

8873: 8865: 8849: 8841: 8826: 8796: 8431: 7881: 7255: 6822: 6766: 6690: 6449: 6156: 5856: 5809: 5758: 5296: 5230: 4899: 4842: 4836: 4496: 4228: 4088: 4080: 4066: 3898: 3751: 3490: 3142: 2966: 2944: 2798: 2749: 1962: 1948: 1540:

is considered the "Father of the Nation". He served as first

1495: 718: 11060:

Charles Bidien (5 December 1945). "Independence the Issue".

9451:

on several occasions by Lenin. Trotsky was outmaneuvered by

8690:

is widely viewed as the "Founding Father" of an independent

8497:

operated largely autonomously from London, with the leaders

8136:, as the main author of the current Slovenian constitution. 4001:. Later, he switched sides to the Allies, and helped in the 2772:, later to be Sultan Muhammad Shah, reigning around AD 1400. 2565:

to have established Armenia as a home for his people around

2380:

identified the following seven figures as the key founders:

2048:

of Mexico issued in 1822 and 1823, the Mexican founders are

804:

is considered by many as the Father of Namibian Nationalism.

366:

as the national founder. In 1984, president of Upper Volta,

11518:

The World of the Huns: Studies in Their History and Culture

10275:. MX: H. Congreso de la Unión, México. 2008. Archived from 10142:. Georgetown, Guyana: Government of CARICOM. Archived from 10079:. San Pedro Town, Belize. 19 September 2011. Archived from 9569: 9196: 8722: 8691: 8683: 8332: 8009: 7958: 7548: 7154: 7073: 6445: 5886: 5346: 5329: 5284: 5249:(around 640–701) is the most venerated national founder of 5226: 5163:, were key figures in the independence of Belgium from the 4890:

was the founder of modern Uzbekistan. He first head of the

4495:

Sheikh Jassim Bin Mohammed Bin Thani is the founder of the

4476: 4120: 4024: 3833: 3493:

and the ascension of Emperor Jimmu to the imperial throne.

3358: 3250: 2455:

as the founding father of modern democratic Venezuela, and

1472:) and the date of his death (or "Passage to Immortality"; " 12604:

Trotsky's future. Brotherstone, Terence; Dukes, Paul,(eds)

10526:. Watertown, Massachusetts: Blue Crane Nooks. p. 19. 9597:

as the Union of South Africa's greatest historical leader.

8024:

was the founder of the world's oldest surviving republic,

7662:

he arrived in France in July 1918, where on behalf of the

6377:

were key leaders. However, they became antagonists in the

5808:

in 1340, and in doing so returning control of Jutland and

4845:

is widely regarded as the main historical hero for modern

2737:

are hailed as vital figures in Bangladesh's independence.

2650:) under a single politico-social and linguistic identity ( 1769:(1785–1821) are usually considered the founders of Chile. 798:

was the iconic figure of the Namibian Liberation struggle.

761:, which rules the country to this day, was established by 12427:

Peter Lyon (1991). "Tonga: Two contemporary tendencies".

11913:

Small Planet Named After Willem the Silent, Astronomie.nl

11759:"LaGrandeBiblioteca.com is available at DomainMarket.com" 10709:. The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press. p. 62. 9686:

The History of Modern Egypt: From Muhammad Ali to Mubarak

9195:

valley and later moved his capital to the more strategic

9187:, Rurik's kinsman and successor; extended his realm from 9137:

in the area. The Seljuk dynasty had established both the

8844:

pagans. Alongside consolidating his power in Medina, the

8509:

as a devolved institution in 1999 under the influence of

8248:

had existed as a monarchy of sorts long before his time,

7618:

Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland

7149:, and Bolesław formally repudiated paying tribute to the 6923:

from most of the country, in Norway often referred to as

6516:, thus securing the independence of the Northern Italian 5974:, and the founder and first president (1959–1969) of the 4605:(1896–1981) was the first Constitutional President while 2825:

in 1953 and is regarded as the nation's founding father.

2760:

leadership that continues as a tradition to the present.

725:

Muslim order. Idris as-Senussi proclaimed an independent

662:(1964–1978) of the Republic, after independence from the 12506:. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 10–15. 11484: 10617:

Harutyunyan, Arpi; Barseghyan, Haykuhi (16 March 2012).

10047:. Belize City, Belize. 23 September 2011. Archived from 8426:

was brought under Norman English dominion in 1189 under

7865:

established the foundation of the modern Romanian State.

7859:

established the foundation of the modern Romanian State.

7211:. He was the first Polish ruler to receive the title of 6734:

16 February 1918 declared Lithuania an independent state

6703:

drafted the first constitution of Lichtenstein, in 1818.

6496:

and laid the foundation for the Christianisation of the

4511:, also known as Ibn Saud, is the founding father of the 2419:(1783–1830) is considered to be the founder not only of 2223:

alongside Francia, shortly before being deposed by him.

1816:

were the most relevant statesmen of the First Republic.

1068:

was the founder and first prime minister of Somaliland.

601:(1909–1972) led the nation to its independence from the 11763:

LaGrandeBiblioteca.com is available at DomainMarket.com

11488:

The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought

6163:(508/7 BC), inventors of democracy and founders of the 5273:

stayed ruling the core territories to the north, while

4758:(1881–1938) was the founder and first president of the 4330:

who symbolized the national aspirations of his people.

2833:

For a list of founders of major Chinese dynasties, see

1486:, San Martín played a crucial role in the expulsion of 13130:

Lists of people considered founders by specific groups

10706:

The Yellow Emperor's Inner Transmission of Acupuncture

9437:, commissar for foreign affairs, key organiser of the 9157:

unified the beyliks under one banner, proclaiming the

8811: 7670:(from the color of its French uniforms, also known as 7658:(ZHP), and a political and social activist. After the 6712:

The first and the only king (1251–1263) of Lithuania,

5233:

or Irnik (the second name mentioned in the Nominalia).

5217:(?–453? AD), who researchers claim to be the mythical 2511:

However, the founding father of modern Afghanistan is

2036:

in 1962, becoming the country's first Prime Minister.

2024:

was an influential union leader and as founder of the

1498:

from present-day Argentina to present-day Chile, in a

643:

was the first general secretary of the African Union.

34:. For the founding fathers of the European Union, see 10929:"Turkey remembers founding father of Northern Cyprus" 10844:

Mao Zedong: Founder of the People's Republic of China

10616: 10452:(New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009). 10039:"Respect to Father of the Nation, George Cadle Price" 8924:" in the Czech Republic, because during his time the 8562:

and founder of the first British colony in Australia.

8266:

in 1523, is often considered a father of the nation.

5013:

at the beginning of the 20th century, founder of the

4589:

is considered to be the first King of Sri Lanka with

4449:(1869–1964) Military Leader with the highest rank of 4278:

Beginning from 1983 onwards, Arafat based himself in

4042:. On 1962, 15 years after the independence, he led a 3199:, proclaiming the independence of Indonesia from the 2948: 2918: 2886: 12149:, Government of the F.S. Micronesia, 28 January 2010 9674:

The Founder of Modern Egypt: A Study of Muhammad Ali

7421:(from 1920). From World War I he had great power in 7076:(the act took place almost a hundred years earlier). 6385:

of 1916, in particular the seven signatories of the

5911:(774–814); considered as a major founding figure of 3939:, is generally regarded as the father of modern-day 3329:

2,500th year of Foundation of Imperial State of Iran

1460:(1810–1818) in Argentina, where he is known as the " 330:

that led to the establishment of a sovereign state.

12537: 11722: 9984:"María Remedios del Valle, la "Madre de la Patria"" 9648:"Congo Celebrates 50th Anniversary of Independence" 8671:is regarded as "one of the founding fathers of the 8599: 8389:is the First President of Ukraine elected in 1991. 8100:

and bears the honorific title Father of the Nation.

8086:

and bears the honorific title Father of the Nation.

7674:). For the next few months his army, allied to the 3339:. The intent of the celebration was to demonstrate 1698:. There were 36 original Fathers of Confederation. 439: 222:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 11996: 11303:Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture 11089: 10487:The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919 10484: 10463:"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency" 10124:. Access History Web Company: The History Project. 10071:"Father of the Nation, George Cadle Price, passes" 9933:"When the "Hannibal of the Andes" Liberated Chile" 9766: 8482:- up to that point Great Britain and Ireland were 7616:politician, journalist, and Prime Minister of the 5711:, was the last (and first democratically elected) 5613:(1983–2005), is considered the founding father of 4046:that brought him to power. Ne Win established the 3099:(1983–2005), is considered the founding father of 2667:, is considered by many as the founding father of 2489:(1723–1773) unified the Afghan tribes and founded 2365:and took part in framing or drafting the proposed 2219:and Vicente Ignacio Iturbe. Yegros also served as 12692:Molotov and Soviet Government: Sovnarkom, 1930-41 12449:Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century 12232:"Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara – prime minister of Fiji" 11378: 10923: 10921: 10619:"Derision at "Servile" Putin Fan Club in Armenia" 10582: 9773:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 9619:was the founder of Zaire and its only president. 9506:ruler of Britain and the western portions of the 9326:, often referred to as the "Father of the Nation" 9215:all have Kievan Rus' as their cultural heritage). 8660: 7717:of Portugal as a reward for military services to 7429:re-established in 1918, 123 years after the 1795 7165:. Later, in honor of this legend, a sword called 6663:, as being the founding father of modern Latvia. 5944:Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, later known as Emperor 4791:by joining the seven independent emirates into a 4706:, in 1071, ushered in the Turkoman settlement of 4282:and switched to a tactic of negotiating with the 2881:and formed the first unified Chinese empire, the 2260:led Peru to independence and forged the country. 1839:, President during Costa Rica's campaign against 1617:(1795–1830) are considered to be the founders of 1579:(serving from 1961 to 1966). He lead Barbados to 1249:from 1966 to 1971, then again from 1980 to 1985. 13288: 10653:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh 9717:http://www.travel-to-egypt.net/muhammad-ali.html 9225:(also Prince of Novgorod) from 1533 to 1547 and 8648:. Although passing away over two decades before 7382:(behind Paderewski), future second President of 7110:. This perhaps happened most clearly during the 5941:and established many modern French institutions. 5371:are the three brothers tsars that reestablished 3885:(Father of Malaysia), was Chief Minister of the 3343:to showcase its contemporary advancements under 2626:is considered by many as the founding father of 2095:Nine of the thirteen founders are buried in the 467:are all considered "Fathers of Independence" in 11511: 11260: 11149:"Als der Schah zur größten Party auf Erden lud" 9798: 9251:, and himself its first emperor. He instituted 9149:, with the first one being responsible for the 8527:Vatican City took on its modern form under the 8434:was subdued between 1093 and 1293; before this 6639:, and led to further independence in 2008 from 4686:, the founding father of the Republic of Turkey 4609:(1906–1996) was the first Executive President. 3962:is considered to be founder of ancient Burmese 3480: 3447: 2501:, where he is fondly known as Ahmad Shah Baba ( 2423:, but of many of the region's countries as the 1843:, proclaimed "Hero and Liberator" by Congress. 1087:, to racially integrate and unite the country. 729:in 1949. He was also invited to become Emir of 27:List of people credited with creating the state 12408:Oceanic Encounters: Exchange, Desire, Violence 12187:"Biography on Fiji's founding father released" 11924: 11059: 10918: 10887: 10217:es:República Dominicana#Independencia nacional 9001:as opposed to his previous title, King of the 8908:Although the first known ruler of Bohemia was 8739:Declaration of the Independence of New Zealand 8369:against the Commonwealth and the Polish king. 7853:that obtained the independence of the country. 6627:It is likely that the Kosovo Albanians regard 6461:, therefore extending it to the whole of Italy 6310:from the ninth century until 1301. In Hungary 6267:(President of the Executive) of Modern Greece. 4593:honored as the first king to unify Sri Lanka. 4099:toppled the constitutional power exercised by 3474: 3441: 1512:, is also widely regarded as a national hero. 524:, but returned to Egypt to participate in the 13115: 12891: 12626: 11976: 11666: 11028: 10696: 10105:. Collections Canada: Canadian Confederation. 10014:"Celebrating The Life Of Errol Walton Barrow" 9904: 9264:was the first Christian Prince of Kievan Rus. 7977:in 1721, inaugurating the imperial period of 6849:and created the first Montenegrin law in the 5885:(509–511); united all the Frankish tribes in 5707:that in 1989 toppled the Communist system in 5179:was the founder of the first Bosnian Kingdom. 4515:. He served as first King from 1932 to 1953. 4157:but is credited for creating an entirely new 3993:to receive military training, and he led the 3947:, Genghis Khan's reputation surged after the 2954: 2926: 2894: 1456:was one of the most important figures of the 486:is seen as the founder of independent Egypt. 12742: 12601: 12445: 12044:"RBA: Sir Henry Parkes Biographical Summary" 11751: 11178:Achaemenid dynasty (i. The clan and dynasty) 11169: 9958:"Manuel Belgrano, de líder a héroe nacional" 9865:San Martin: Argentine Soldier, American Hero 9281:, as opposed to his previous title, King of 9081: 9067: 9057: 7378:(next to Piłsudski in the a civil coat) and 6471:for the first time an administrative region 6349:, restored as a legislative branch in 1875. 5316:in 864, a significant event that shaped the 5192:who fought for an autonomous Bosnian State. 4275:during the second half of the 20th century. 4192:Some historians credit the Muslim reformist 4161:. Other prominent founders include the poet 2797:was the founder of ancient Khmer kingdom of 1973:were also important figures of early Haiti. 12905: 12606:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 238. 12152: 11673:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 198. 11403:. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 11140: 10479: 10227: 9121:, the founding father of the Turkish Empire 9087: 8956:from the rest of the country, sparking the 7656:the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association 7466:movement. He was represented Poland at the 6984:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 6693:which would eventually form the modern day 6087:" in the 1948 Constitutional Convention at 5100:1863 – 1864 on the territory of the former 4779:Initially independent emirates part of the 4386:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 3805:are proposed as the father of his country. 3598:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2917:. He was officially conferred the title of 2679:and the independence of Bangladesh in 1971. 1071: 574:during the 10th century B.C (975–950 B.C). 424: 88:Learn how and when to remove these messages 13122: 13108: 12898: 12884: 12426: 12331: 12291:"Declaration of Independence | NZ History" 11713:, London: Overlook Duckworth, 2011 p. 130. 11306:. Columbia University Press. p. 396. 11293: 11254: 11146: 10763:Encyclopedia of China: History and Culture 10736:. Cambridge University Press. p. 10. 10733:The Cambridge Illustrated History of China 10730:Ebrey, Patricia; Liu, Kwang-Ching (2010). 10518: 10491:. University of California Press. p. 9886:(in Spanish). Buenos Aires. 17 August 2023 9733:Joseph Roberts, Liberia's first President! 9285:. However, his fame is partly eclipsed by 9036:and unified the islands, beginning modern 8725:, a mythologised figure who led the first 8462:was regarded by some as the first king of 5239:(606–665) was the founder of the powerful 4103:, before abolishing the monarchy in 2008. 3416:, who became a war hero and symbol of the 2553:) and occasionally as the ancestor to all 2451:of the country. Scholars credit president 2016:. Manley also served as Chief Minister of 1221:in 1956 as prime minister, then abolished 741:as a sovereign state on 24 December 1951. 616:(var. Ahmed Seku Turay) (1922–1984) was a 590:is the founder of modern Ethiopian state. 12779:. London: Penguin. pp. 84 & 86. 12715: 12549:. Thomas Nelson and Sons. pp. 42–43. 9721:http://www.answers.com/topic/muhammad-ali 8486:two separate kingdoms in personal Union. 8262:, who secured Sweden's independence from 7895:, established the first Russian state in 7004:Learn how and when to remove this message 5170: 5049:, which gave them joint sovereignty over 4694:(1029–1072) was the second Sultan of the 4406:Learn how and when to remove this message 4267:organization which engaged in a numerous 4255:. From 1969 until 2004, he served as the 4115:changed the name of the country from the 4079:, and is considered to be the founder of 3618:Learn how and when to remove this message 2844:is revered as the legendary initiator of 2545:is considered the traditional founder of 2443:led the separation of Venezuela from the 1270:(1924–2021) is the prominent icon in the 1060: 382:as well as adopting the national anthem, 350:, being appointed in 1958 and became the 300:Learn how and when to remove this message 282:Learn how and when to remove this message 180:Learn how and when to remove this message 12722:. New York, Vintage Books. p. 135. 12665:The Rise and Fall of Communism in Russia 12629:"We Are Starting to Learn about Trotsky" 12569:The Oxford Companion to Scottish History 12402:Margaret Jolly, Serge Tcherkézoff & 11207: 11034:Royal Institute of International Affairs 10729: 10334:The fall of the royal government in Peru 10115:Canada History: Fathers of Confederation 9580: 9570:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 9557: 9317: 9125:By the end of the 14th century, most of 9113: 8787: 8603: 8577:society in the early nineteenth century. 8396: 8191: 7888:prince and the legendary founder of the 7556:leader, known for organizing the Polish 7365: 7218: 6939: 6602:. Prominent members among them included 6528: 6482:; for this reason historians called him 6429: 6037: 5806:Gerhard III, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg 5741: 5731: 4991: 4874: 4831: 4809: 4678: 4566: 4522: 4475: 4465:, which oversaw the promulgation of the 4337: 4204: 4130: 4057: 3920: 3855: 3742: 3548: 3500: 3368: 3357:is considered the founder of the modern 3133: 2774: 2618: 2526: 2471: 2329: 2267: 2110: 1939: 1738: 1628: 1567:pilot and then a lawyer, he founded the 1555:(1920–1987) is often referred to as the 1435: 1256: 1183: 478: 12830:Southern African Currency Page (2018). 12719:The prophet unarmed: Trotsky, 1921-1929 12661: 12627:Danilov, Victor; Porter, Cathy (1990). 12485:Rurik Dynasty (medieval Russian rulers) 12274:"Fiji founding father, Ratu Mara, dies" 11925:Dawisha, Karen; Parrott, Bruce (1997). 11805: 11393: 11281: 10891:; Michael, Michalis N. (26 July 2013). 10840: 10759: 10133: 9930: 9905:Coca Pimentel, Valeria (30 July 2023). 9391:, the paramount leader, founder of the 7098:. He supported the missionary views of 6050:national unification of Germany in 1871 5205:date back as far as 3rd millennium BC. 4917:. He also supported efforts to promote 4856:Another significant historical figure, 4774: 4453:of the Philippine Revolution and first 3893:from independence in 1957. He remained 3813:The first recorded ruler of Kuwait was 3643:Alash Orda national liberation movement 3457:(traditional reign 660–585 BC) was the 3387:is considered the founder of political 2877:of the various Chinese kingdoms of the 934:negotiated Nigeria's independence from 493:The prevailing historical view is that 488:"Zaeem al Ummah (Leader of the Nation)" 346:was the first Upper Voltese premier of 14: 13289: 12799: 12769: 12688: 12668:. Yale University Press. p. 438. 12496: 12315:Speech in honour of Sir Michael Somare 11299: 11175: 11123:The Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution 11087: 10755: 10753: 10636: 10549: 9832: 9764: 9542: 9423:for the rest of the country's history. 9268: 8228:. The first Bourbon King of Spain was 8056:that would eventually evolve into the 7250:(1386–1434), first alongside his wife 6608:founding fathers of the European Union 6598:, which replaced the Monarchy after a 6000:(960—1014), 1st monarch of the united 5703:party that played a major role in the 4666:and the first monarch of the reigning 3709:before. This provoked street riots in 3657:. In 1920, after the establishment of 2493:in 1747. His mausoleum is next to the 1812:("Precursor of the Independence") and 1711: 362:before being rehabilitated in 1991 by 36:Founding fathers of the European Union 13103: 12879: 12662:Daniels, Robert V. (1 October 2008). 12559: 11450:Indiana University Press, 2010 p.259. 11383:. Rosen Publishing Group. p. 12. 11320:from the original on 26 November 2020 10642: 10623:Institute for War and Peace Reporting 9758: 9577:, Marshal of Yugoslavia (1943–1980). 9012: 8980: 8935: 8928:experienced the greatest prosperity. 8848:(624) saw the de facto leadership of 8753:. It is considered by many to be the 8548: 8113:as their ancestors, which would make 7691:was the most important leader of the 7386:, during the opening ceremony of the 6505:, legendary warrior who defeated the 6209:revolution against the Ottoman Empire 5396:, Euthymius was the last head of the 4894:, which would later form part of the 3323:, the Persian New Year. Prior to the 2885:. Its monarch then took the title of 2642:, is often credited for unifying the 2345:Within the large group known as "the 2326:Founding Fathers of the United States 2230:was the first democratically elected 1882: 1682:" is given to those who attended the 1484:Spanish American wars of independence 528:. Zaghloul then was able to make the 434:President of Central African Republic 32:Founding Fathers of the United States 12866:"So whose face was on old SA money?" 11980:Nova Srbija i Jugoslavija, 1788–1921 11769:from the original on 2 February 2020 11300:Bowman, John S. (5 September 2000). 11261:Kamal S. Salibi (15 December 1998). 10807: 10780: 10702: 10011: 9751:Diller, Daniel; Moore, John (1995). 9459: 9028:. However, it was in 1795 when King 8997:around the year 927, when he became 8989:(893/95–939) who united the several 8816: 7322:(1746–1817) was a Polish-Lithuanian 7316:and introduced an elective monarchy. 7157:, where he installed his son-in-law 6982:adding citations to reliable sources 6949: 6345:. He was the first president of the 6253:First National Assembly at Epidaurus 6099:. For reunified Germany, the slogan 5546:President of the Republic of Croatia 4556:country and turned Singapore into a 4441:(1863–1897) rebel leader during the 4437:, and a number of poems and essays. 4384:adding citations to reliable sources 4351: 4235:, Arafat soon became a supporter of 3596:adding citations to reliable sources 3563: 3295:(600–530 BC) was the founder of the 3116:East Turkistan independence movement 2913:and served as its first provisional 2549:to which he gave his namesake (Hayk/ 1981:Founders of the Honduran Nation are 1598:(1919–2011) is considered to be the 977:. The descendants of Peters and the 961:in 1792, after managing to convince 411:war of independence in Guinea-Bissau 220:adding citations to reliable sources 191: 129: 94: 53: 12278:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 11360:"Yasser Arafat: Father of a nation" 10867: 10861: 10834: 10813: 10786: 10750: 10241:Legislative Assembly of El Salvador 10134:Granger, David (16 February 2017). 8812:Former states and other territories 8764: 6817:secured recognition of independent 6341:was the leader of the 19th century 6326:. He is known as the leader of the 6111:) became symbolic, thus making all 5649:, one of the first monarchs of the 5639:, is considered the founder of the 5582:(1960–1977), is widely regarded by 5349:) that restored Bulgarian might in 5309:(9th century-2 May 907) officially 5277:migrated further north and founded 4975:ruled as first independent King of 4716:(1258–1324), was the leader of the 3889:from 1955, and the country's first 3341:Iran's old civilization and history 3068:(1960–1977), is widely regarded by 2959:; "Forerunner of the Revolution"). 2312:is considered to be the founder of 2150:Federal Republic of Central America 1219:Tunisia to independence from France 1213:, considered the founder of modern 681:(1809–1876) was born a free man of 530:Sultan of Egypt (later King) Fuad I 24: 12160:"FSM chief justice dies in Hawaii" 11985:ОТАЦ ОТАЏБИНЕ – КАРАЂОРЂЕ ПЕТРОВИЋ 11788:V. Creation of the Italian Kingdom 11696:Carl A.P. Ruck and Danny Staples, 11191:. 15 December 2007. Archived from 11096:. Yale University Press. pp. 10723: 10307:. MX: INAH, México. Archived from 10192:"Francisco María Oreamuno Badilla" 9755:. Congressional Quarterly. p. 308. 9566:, known as Alexander the Unifier. 9502:in 383. As such, he was the first 8493:Following Irish independence, the 8331:were brothers who founded city of 8232:, who is also responsible for the 7171:("Jagged Sword") would become the 7122:. This See was independent of the 6890:president of independent Macedonia 6880: 6618:, the "premier of victory" in WWI. 6543:was the first to use the title of 6387:Proclamation of the Irish Republic 6242:and other military leaders of the 5611:first President of Northern Cyprus 5229:clan and was succeeded by his son 5021:and head of state and government. 3844:are considered the fathers of the 3426:the revival of the Hebrew language 3403:the first Prime Minister of Israel 3218:to fight against Dutch during the 3097:first President of Northern Cyprus 2965:is regarded as the founder of the 2349:", there are two key subsets, the 2136:(1778–1839) is recognised as the " 1575:and served as the third and final 1225:and served as the country's first 508:The Founder of Independent Egypt, 25: 13318: 11587:), Veliko Tarnovo, 1996, p. 127, 10897:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 10450:The Founding Fathers Reconsidered 9799:Redmond Shannon (13 April 2016). 9654:. Congo News Agency. 30 June 2010 9449:Vice-Chairman of the Soviet Union 9296:The fictionalising medieval poem 9164: 9109: 9097:Festival of the Opening of Heaven 9072:) were the legendary founders of 8963: 8852:destabilised. Eventually, at the 8392: 7666:he created what was known as the 6736:, is universally considered the " 6257:Greek Declaration of Independence 6150:, semi-legendary founder-hero of 5991:(329—237 BC), 1st monarch of the 5927:President of the Italian Republic 5620: 5522:, and the early attested by name. 5165:United Kingdom of the Netherlands 4911:Bukharan People's Soviet Republic 4892:Bukharan People's Soviet Republic 4654:collapse of the Ayutthaya Kingdom 4621:(1238 - 1270) was the founder of 4261:Palestine Liberation Organization 3661:hegemony, Bukeikhanov joined the 3531:38th-generation direct descendant 3514:was the founder and ruler of the 3106: 2931:; "Father of the Nation") by the 2807:(770–850) was the founder of the 2731:Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman 2367:Constitution of the United States 1571:in 1955 after defecting from the 1440:The Argentine military commander 1245:from 1962 to 1966 and the second 938:, aided by such figures as Chief 582:and was the first emperor of the 570:is claimed to be first the first 69:This article has multiple issues. 12858: 12823: 12809:. London: Penguin. p. 100. 12793: 12763: 12736: 12709: 12682: 12655: 12620: 12595: 12553: 12531: 12490: 12478: 12466: 12439: 12420: 12389: 12371: 12359: 12308: 12283: 12267: 12249: 12224: 12196: 12180: 12140: 12128:. Museum of Australian Democracy 12114: 12080: 12062: 11806:Budrytė, Brigita (6 July 2019). 11667:James Minahan (1 January 2000). 11548:, Encyclopædia Britannica Online 11248:Shinto and the State, 1868–1988, 9550:(1901–1963), first president of 9528:, which, according to historian 9441:. Trotsky was widely considered 9359: 9339: 9043: 8600:Late colonial and federation era 7582:Poland regained its independence 7531:, who served as a member of the 7203:. He was a powerful mediator in 7086:from 992 to 1025, and the first 6954: 6724:, activist and proponent of the 6666: 5863:forces during the last phase of 5345:(997–1014) – energetic emperor ( 5223:Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans 5035:Roger-Bernard III, Count of Foix 4356: 4097:2006 democracy movement in Nepal 4075:was largely responsible for the 4050:which ruled Burma for 26 years. 3568: 3468:. The Japanese national holiday 3273: 3261: 3249: 3237: 3024: 3012: 3000: 2988: 2976: 2663:, known with the honorary title 2319: 2263: 2193:José Gaspár Rodríguez de Francia 2044:According to the decrees of the 1301:(1925–2010) was the first black 440:Democratic Republic of the Congo 196: 134: 98: 58: 12746:Russia in the twentieth century 12398:, Françoise Douaire-Marsaudon, 12344:Radio New Zealand International 12209:Radio New Zealand International 12165:Radio New Zealand International 12036: 12010: 12003:. U Drž. štamp. Kralj. Srbije. 11990: 11970: 11945: 11918: 11906: 11888: 11870: 11856: 11828: 11799: 11781: 11729:. Stockholm Univ. p. 174. 11716: 11703: 11690: 11660: 11633: 11623: 11597: 11569: 11560: 11551: 11539: 11505: 11478: 11453: 11438: 11421: 11387: 11372: 11352: 11332: 11239: 11232:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard (1959). 11226: 11181: 11147:Nina Adler (14 February 2017). 11128: 11115: 11022: 10979: 10961: 10943: 10663: 10610: 10583:Virabyan, Amatuni, ed. (2009). 10576: 10543: 10512: 10473: 10455: 10442: 10417: 10399: 10369: 10339: 10326: 10302:"Monumento de la Independencia" 10294: 10262: 10221: 10210: 10184: 10158: 10127: 10108: 10095: 10063: 10031: 10005: 9976: 9950: 9924: 9898: 9870: 9857: 9713:http://countrystudies.us/egypt/ 9346:Vladimir Lenin, founder of the 9330: 9024:from 1000 to 1200 AD, becoming 8976:, known as President Liberator. 8516: 8288:were perhaps the most notable: 8052:, grand prince of the medieval 8004:was the first president of the 6929:the Fathers of the Constitution 6749:Sigfried, Count of the Ardennes 6524: 6343:Icelandic independence movement 5721:president of the Czech Republic 5653:and the early attested by name. 4896:Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic 4502: 3943:. Although downcast during the 3750:, Legendary founding father of 3727:was elected the nation's first 3464:, according to the traditional 2909:was the founding father of the 945: 918:All are considered founders of 670:guerilla war for independence. 378:reforms renamed the country to 338: 207:needs additional citations for 77:or discuss these issues on the 12836:Southern African Currency Page 12689:Watson, Derek (27 July 2016). 12602:Brotherstone, Terence (1992). 12487:Britannica Online Encyclopedia 12475:Britannica Online Encyclopedia 12446:Korobeĭnikov, Dimitri (2014). 12339:"Somare returns as PNG leader" 11931:. Cambridge University Press. 11523:University of California Press 11491:. Princeton University Press. 11092:Indonesia: Peoples and History 10643:Ahmed, ABM Shamsuddin (2012). 9826: 9815: 9792: 9745: 9726: 9666: 9640: 9629: 9401:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries 8948:ethnic group, established the 8918:Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor 8795:founded the modern Kingdom of 8729:migration to New Zealand from 8713: 8673:Federated States of Micronesia 8661:Federated States of Micronesia 8345:and created Kyivan Rus in 880 8269: 8196:The Catholic Monarchs of Spain 7821:(1558–1601) was the Prince of 7678:, would fight against Germany. 7594:politic and the leader of the 7511:Paris Peace Conference in 1919 7468:Paris Peace Conference in 1919 7354:, and on the U.S. side in the 7344:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 7314:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 7242:(c. 1352/1362 – 1434) was the 6913:Norwegian Constituent Assembly 6877:("Father of the Fatherland"). 6856: 6563:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour 6261:first Provisional Constitution 6015:Democratic Republic of Georgia 5667:Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor 5631:three mythical Slavic brothers 5153:Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier 5132:Belarusian Democratic Republic 5116:Belarusian national literature 4977:Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen 4333: 4251:against the newly independent 3778:, the legendary first king of 3770: 3738: 2955: 2927: 2895: 2534:is regarded as the founder of 2467: 1912: 1867:Modern day Cuba was shaped by 1806:first constitution of Colombia 1448:of Argentina, Chile and Peru". 1314:(1924–2019) was the leader of 1159: 13: 1: 12383:Papua New Guinea Post-Courier 12092:dunmorelangcollege.nsw.edu.au 11711:The Greek War of Independence 11646:. Feral Tribune. p. 64. 11577:The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars 10657:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh 10347:"Central & South America" 10101:Library and Archives Canada. 9742:The African American Registry 9678:A History of the Arab Peoples 9622: 9366:Leon Trotsky, founder of the 9303: 8589:Parliament of New South Wales 8218:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 8178:Slovenian Territorial Defense 8166:Slovenian Territorial Defence 8016: 7921:and was proclaimed the first 7598:. Witos was also a leader of 7036:Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów 6837: 6743: 6136:, mythical progenitor of the 5952:(1848–1852). He was the last 5717:dissolution of Czechoslovakia 5657:Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia 5607:last Vice President of Cyprus 4868:and the establishment of the 4798: 4219:Palestinian political leader 3949:democratic revolution in 1990 3705:, who had never lived in the 3682:Communist Party of Kazakhstan 3560:national liberation movement. 3544: 3124:First East Turkestan Republic 3093:last Vice President of Cyprus 2943:continues to rule, while the 2614: 2595: 1896:Francisco del Rosario Sánchez 1819: 1660:(1798–1834), son of the King 1542:Prime Minister of the Bahamas 1012: 691:American Colonization Society 534:British-Egyptian relationship 393: 43:Founding Father (short story) 13176:English schools and colleges 12743:Dziewanowski, M. K. (2003). 12088:"Who Was John Dunmore Lang?" 11723:Birgir Hermannsson. (2005). 11288:Hashemite Monarchs of Jordan 11264:The Modern History of Jordan 11234:The Imperial House of Japan, 11088:Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). 10594:National Archives of Armenia 10243:. p. 12. Archived from 9986:(in Spanish). Buenos Aires: 9707:(accessed 29 October 2008); 9102:). However, in North Korea, 8914:Boleslaus I, Duke of Bohemia 8868:. The last Persian governor 8583:advocated for the rights of 8543: 8236:unification of the country. 7973:in 1703 and established the 7798:(c. 1270-1351/1352) was the 7600:Polish Liquidation Committee 7023:, legendary first leader of 6707: 6425: 6328:Hungarian Revolution of 1848 6182:, founder and first King of 5824:served as first post-Soviet 5124:, which is still used today. 4738:) and brought an end to the 4662:(1737–1809), founder of the 4581: 4518: 4300:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 4200: 4155:Islamic Republic of Pakistan 4117:Sultanate of Muscat and Oman 3881:(Father of Independence) or 3556:, leader and founder of the 3335:and First Persian Empire by 3197:Proclamation of Independence 3162: 3153:Indian independence movement 2835:Dynasties in Chinese history 2752:and unified the fiefdoms of 2411: 2295:Francisco de Paula Santander 2234:, shortly after leading the 2106: 1923: 1802:Francisco de Paula Santander 1431: 870:(1912–1966) served as first 516:, and was imprisoned by the 7: 12452:. Oxford University Press. 11997:Milivoj J. Malenić (1901). 11698:The World of Classical Myth 10596:. p. 2. Archived from 10136:"The Spirit of Chaguaramas" 9833:Fouéré, Marie-Aude (2014). 9723:(accessed 29 October 2008). 9133:due to the collapse of the 8942:Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu 8524:is seen as the first pope. 8495:Northern Ireland Parliament 8252:, father of and regent for 8224:, established a capital in 8120: 8104: 8096:. He is the founder of the 8082:. He is the founder of the 8064:. He is the founder of the 7713:(1066–1112), was appointed 7682: 7628:Józef Haller von Hallenburg 7427:Druga Rzeczpospolita Polska 7090:in 1025. He was the son of 6815:Honoré II, Prince of Monaco 6726:Lithuanian National Revival 6657:Latvian war of independence 6190: 5713:president of Czechoslovakia 5687:president of Czechoslovakia 5633:who appear together in the 5552: 5530:first united Croatian state 5221:, is the first name in the 5208: 5196: 5185:led the revolt against the 4973:Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din 4764:Turkish War of Independence 4612: 4126: 4038:was one of the founders of 3916: 3851: 3688:was ousted and replaced by 3481: 3448: 2949: 2919: 2887: 2789: 2675:, finally resulting in the 2361:(who were delegates to the 2355:Declaration of Independence 2187: 1976: 1829:Head of State of Costa Rica 1776: 1547: 1426: 1336:Tichafa Samuel Parirenyatwa 1293: 1179: 717:, also known as Idris I of 635:one of the founders of the 562: 547: 231:"List of national founders" 160:the claims made and adding 10: 13323: 11581:Balgarskite hanove i tsare 11379:Bernadette Brexel (2003). 11267:. I.B.Tauris. p. 93. 10766:. Routledge. p. 408. 10651:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). 9822:A Tribute to Thomas Peters 9129:was controlled by various 8940:Nigerian military officer 8910:Bořivoj I, Duke of Bohemia 8903: 8558:was the first Governor of 8538: 8323: 8154:prime minister of Slovenia 8054:Serbian Grand Principality 7745: 7612:(1866–1936), was a Polish 7519:(1873–1939), was a Polish 7476:(1860–1941), was a Polish 7405:(1867–1935), was a Polish 7356:American Revolutionary War 7127:Archbishopric of Magdeburg 6772: 6761:(1909–2008) was the first 6361:was established after the 6352: 6333: 6277: 6127: 6033: 5982: 5831: 5816: 5749:(1308 – 21 November 1340) 5727: 5647:Bořivoj I, Duke of Bohemia 5509: 5377:major uprising (1185–1204) 5183:Husein-kapetan Gradaščević 5138: 5087: 5056: 5024: 5011:Albanian national movement 4987: 4944: 4785:Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan 4560:after the separation from 4247:, he fought alongside the 3999:Japanese invasion of Burma 3987:Japanese controlled Taiwan 3954: 2967:People's Republic of China 2945:People's Republic of China 2832: 2735:Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani 2557:. He was explained in the 2522: 2323: 2304: 2146:Head of State of Nicaragua 2004: 1901: 1864:is a Cuban national hero. 1727:(Jamaica: 1924–1997); and 1671: 1605: 1532: 1205: 1032: 992: 820: 786:Dr. Sam Shafiishuna Nujoma 779: 744: 673: 540:with Saad Zaghloul as its 501:to permanently divest the 47: 40: 29: 13297:Lists of national symbols 13229: 13198: 13189: 13168: 13135: 13076: 13006: 12918: 12716:Deutscher, Isaac (1965). 12257:"Fiji profile – timeline" 11585:Българските ханове и царе 11501:– via Google Books. 11400:From Defender to Dictator 11340:"The Father of Palestine" 11214:Imperial Household Agency 10914:– via Google Books. 10841:Stefoff, Rebecca (1996). 10820:. Lulu.com. p. 403. 10760:Perkins, Dorothy (2013). 10270:"Colección Muro de Honor" 9803:. New Brunswick: CBC News 9564:Alexander I of Yugoslavia 9082: 9068: 9058: 8381:Ukraine People's Republic 8239: 8160:was the first president. 8043: 8032:on the other side of the 8012:, and re-elected in 1996. 7875: 7766:, from north to Southern 7664:Polish National Committee 7596:Polish Peasants' Movement 7552:. Briefly, he also was a 7246:(1377–1434) and then the 7137:were also established in 6935: 6895: 6794: 6646: 6622: 6616:Vittorio Emanuele Orlando 6363:Irish War of Independence 6244:Greek War of Independence 6203:and other figures of the 6122: 5937:(1804–1814); founded the 5846: 5841:Prime Minister of Finland 5826:Prime Minister of Estonia 5412: 5398:Bulgarian Orthodox Church 4982: 4960:were the founders of the 4674: 4625:, the first Thai kingdom. 4304:Madrid Conference of 1991 4286:, acknowledging Israel's 4029:Prime Minister of Myanmar 3973:is the founder of modern 3808: 3496: 3475: 3442: 3364: 3038: 2763: 2740: 2691:Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani 2687:Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy 2677:Bangladesh Liberation War 2589:First Republic of Armenia 2563:History of Armenia (book) 2536:First Republic of Armenia 2171: 2050:Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla 2039: 2032:to independence from the 1852:Carlos Manuel de Céspedes 1692:London Conference of 1866 1667: 1654:José Bonifácio de Andrada 1624: 1590: 1252: 1233: 1099:Winnie Madikizela-Mandela 1081:President of South Africa 1066:Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal 953:was founded in part by a 872:Prime Minister of Nigeria 608: 333: 316:list of national founders 13169:Non-profit organizations 12695:. Springer. p. 25. 11513:Maenchen-Helfen, Otto J. 11246:Hardacre, Helen (1989). 10671:"'Father' of Bangladesh" 10592:(in Armenian). Yerevan: 10557:Patma-Banasirakan Handes 10351:Gosouthamerica.about.com 10103:Fathers of Confederation 10012:BGIS (21 January 2024). 9738:23 November 2007 at the 9611: 9481: 9370:and a key figure in the 8783: 8697: 8623:federation of Australian 8254:Valdemar, King of Sweden 8187: 8146:Letališče Jožeta Pučnika 8038:Diocletianic Persecution 7733:, in 1179, as the first 7507:Prime Minister of Poland 7499:President Woodrow Wilson 7310:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 7228:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 7102:, Bishop of Prague, and 6753: 6685:purchased the domain of 6661:Prime Minister of Latvia 6606:(also counted among the 6478:with inhabitants called 6420: 6249:Alexandros Mavrokordatos 5812:back to the Danish king. 5104:on the territory of the 5102:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 5082:Second Austrian republic 4967: 4490: 4326:, Arafat is viewed as a 4053: 4048:Burmese Way to Socialism 3767:of North Korea in 1998. 3733:Parliament of Kazakhstan 3431: 3359:Islamic Republic of Iran 3155:. He is featured on the 3129: 2828: 2097:Monument to Independence 1935: 1833:José María Castro Madriz 1734: 1680:Fathers of Confederation 1674:Fathers of Confederation 1516:María Remedios del Valle 1474:Pasaje a la Inmortalidad 1243:prime minister of Uganda 1072:Republic of South Africa 708: 685:descent. He migrated to 646: 593: 499:Ottoman conquest in 1517 474: 425:Central African Republic 12497:Plokhy, Serhii (2006). 11605:"Bulgaria after Simeon" 10973:2 December 2019 at the 9937:Encyclopædia Britannica 9411:over the course of the 9247:in 1721, following the 9227:Tsar of All the Russias 9203:(the modern peoples of 9199:, where he established 9181:beginning around 862 AD 9141:, which was founded by 8678: 8453:Declaration of Arbroath 8365:led the largest of the 8282:Federal Charter of 1291 8148:(Jože Pučnik airport). 8094:Second Serbian Uprising 7825:(1593–1601), Prince of 7699:expansion into western 7380:Stanisław Wojciechowski 7308:between Poland and the 7298:Grand Duke of Lithuania 7268:Polish–Lithuanian union 7244:Grand Duke of Lithuania 6919:in 1814, consisting of 6843:Petar I Petrović-Njegoš 6825:in 1633, and then from 6738:Patriarch of the Nation 6677:Prince of Liechtenstein 6637:National Hero of Kosovo 6064:and – as championed by 5889:and gave them a common 5719:in 1992, and the first 5578:(1950–1977), and first 5402:Second Bulgarian Empire 5155:, as well as the first 5118:. Author of the slogan 5078:First Austrian Republic 5068:and the first post-war 5017:in 1912, and its first 4720:and the founder of the 4513:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 4418:There is no law in the 4316:Palestinian territories 4265:Palestinian nationalist 4106: 3995:Burma Independence Army 3909:joined in 1963 to form 3824: 3819:Sheikh Mubarak Al-Kabir 3815:Sheikh Abu Salman Sabah 3537:, as he belongs to the 3512:Abdullah bin Al-Hussain 3470:National Foundation Day 3287: 3195:. They both signed the 3064:(1950–1977), and first 2850:cradles of civilization 2462: 2248: 2014:People's National Party 1959:Jean-Jacques Dessalines 1846: 1837:Juan Rafael Mora Porras 1719:(Barbados: 1920–1987); 1569:Democratic Labour Party 1452:The military commander 979:Black American founders 703:Americo-Liberian people 586:from 1270 to 1285 A.D. 419:President of Cape Verde 356:Republic of Upper Volta 13206:Eponymous corporations 12868:. IOL Business Report. 12126:explore.moadoph.gov.au 11977:Durde Jelenić (1923). 10793:. 新華出版社. p. 181. 10703:Yang, Zhenhai (2020). 10629:on 18 September 2014. 10603:on 20 September 2014. 10550:Asryan, Armen (2005). 10229:Zepeda Peña, Ciro Cruz 9839:African Studies Review 9605:the country's currency 9350:and the leader of the 9223:Grand Prince of Moscow 9122: 8970:Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk 8930:Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk 8922:Father of the Homeland 8876:(628), thus including 8799: 8613: 8593:Australian nationalism 8404: 8375:was the President the 8329:Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv 8314:Wilhelm Matthias Naeff 8210:Ferdinand II of Aragon 8197: 8080:First Serbian Uprising 7981:that lasted until the 7911:Grand Prince of Moscow 7660:Peace of Brest-Litovsk 7391: 7235: 6947: 6655:, a key figure in the 6536: 6437: 6322:is supposed to be the 6232:Andreas Vokos Miaoulis 6224:Theodoros Kolokotronis 6045: 5950:first French President 5923:First Consul of France 5750: 5739: 5636:Wielkopolska Chronicle 5267:First Bulgarian Empire 5261:. Victorious over the 5171:Bosnia and Herzegovina 5003: 4883: 4839: 4829: 4687: 4578: 4572:Don Stephen Senanayaka 4534: 4487: 4349: 4312:2000 Camp David Summit 4216: 4179:Malik Feroze Khan Noon 4145:Pakistan's founder is 4142: 4069: 3929: 3867: 3755: 3717:, meaning December in 3561: 3508: 3412:Other figures include 3381: 3333:Imperial State of Iran 3228:Round Table Conference 3145: 2933:Nationalist government 2786: 2630: 2538: 2483: 2447:and formed the modern 2427:, which also included 2342: 2279: 2130: 1983:José Cecilio del Valle 1951: 1788:, which also included 1759: 1696:Canadian Confederation 1644: 1557:Father of Independence 1494:, when he crossed the 1462:Father of the Homeland 1449: 1264: 1191: 1061:Republic of Somaliland 997:The founder of modern 951:Freetown, Sierra Leone 940:Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti 868:Abubakar Tafawa Balewa 796:Andimba Toivo ya Toivo 699:Liberia's independence 679:Joseph Jenkins Roberts 490: 13307:Political terminology 13084:Country coats of arms 11643:Gospodari rata i mira 11125:, (1991), pp. 4, 9–12 11032:(1949). "Indonesia". 10814:Xie, Xuanjun (2017). 10520:Libaridian, Gerard J. 10166:"Juan Mora Fernández" 9992:Ministerio de Cultura 9581:Union of South Africa 9558:Kingdom of Yugoslavia 9318:Serbia and Montenegro 9117: 8972:, first President of 8791: 8607: 8412:William the Conqueror 8400: 8310:Friedrich Frey-Herosé 8286:Swiss Federal Council 8195: 7796:Basarab I the Founder 7638:, a legionary in the 7474:Ignacy Jan Paderewski 7376:Ignacy Jan Paderewski 7369: 7346:'s struggles against 7292:(1520–1572), was the 7240:Władysław II Jagiełło 7232:Władysław II Jagiełło 7222: 6943: 6807:when he captured the 6651:Most Latvians regard 6591:Assemblea Costituente 6532: 6490:Constantine the Great 6433: 6165:Athenian constitution 6066:Friedrich Ludwig Jahn 6041: 5976:Fifth French Republic 5935:Emperor of the French 5837:Pehr Evind Svinhufvud 5781:Frederik X of Denmark 5745: 5735: 5518:was one of the first 5387:Patriarch of Bulgaria 5265:, he established the 5066:Chancellor of Austria 5031:Co-Princes of Andorra 5015:modern Albanian state 4995: 4878: 4835: 4813: 4756:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 4682: 4570: 4546:Republic of Singapore 4526: 4479: 4443:Philippine Revolution 4341: 4322:the same year. Among 4273:Israel Defense Forces 4245:1948 Arab–Israeli War 4208: 4134: 4061: 3924: 3859: 3746: 3552: 3504: 3418:Israel Defense Forces 3372: 3345:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 3137: 2879:Warring States period 2862:, the first orthodox 2821:'s independence from 2817:(1922–2012) declared 2778: 2683:Abul Kasem Fazlul Huq 2661:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman 2640:Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah 2624:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman 2622: 2601:Mammad Amin Rasulzade 2530: 2499:Kandahar, Afghanistan 2475: 2333: 2310:José Gervasio Artigas 2291:Antonio José de Sucre 2271: 2232:president of Paraguay 2184:founded Panama City. 2178:Vasco Nunez de Balboa 2134:José Anacleto Ordóñez 2116:José Anacleto Ordóñez 2114: 2046:Congress of the Union 2026:Jamaican Labour Party 1999:José Trinidad Cabañas 1943: 1742: 1723:(Guyana: 1923–1985); 1632: 1615:Antonio José de Sucre 1573:Barbados Labour Party 1492:Crossing of the Andes 1439: 1406:Jason Ziyaphapha Moyo 1396:Alfred Nikita Mangena 1278:. He served as first 1260: 1196:President of Tanzania 1187: 1005:. He served as first 1003:Léopold Sédar Senghor 963:British abolitionists 620:political leader and 482: 48:Further information: 13181:Religious traditions 12473:Rurik (Norse leader) 12320:9 April 2010 at the 12096:Dunmore Lang College 11902:. 24 September 2020. 11884:. 10 September 2018. 11793:7 March 2009 at the 11112:; Reid (1973), p. 30 10868:Liu, Wenbin (2015). 10481:Hovannisian, Richard 10387:on 27 September 2021 9909:(in Spanish). Lima: 9536:Gruffydd ap Llywelyn 9433:member, head of the 9231:Grand Prince of Kiev 8920:is regarded as the " 8880:under Islamic rule. 8741:and co-authored the 8343:Grand Prince of Kiev 8170:Minister of Interior 8130:Slovenian Parliament 8084:Karađorđević dynasty 7805:Charles I of Hungary 7790:Trajan's Dacian Wars 7723:Afonso I of Portugal 7654:), the president of 7576:and the policies of 7543:, and later, in the 7462:, and the leader of 7431:Partitions of Poland 7374:(first on the left) 6978:improve this section 6902:King Harald Fairhair 6875:Vader des Vaderlands 6789:Alexandru Lăpușneanu 6779:Bogdan I of Moldavia 6730:Council of Lithuania 6555:Vittorio Emanuele II 6510:Frederick Barbarossa 6365:(1919–21), in which 6312:Stephen I of Hungary 6271:Ioannis Kapodistrias 6236:Laskarina Bouboulina 6228:Georgios Karaiskakis 6175:Spartan constitution 6109:"We are the people!" 5948:(1852–1870) was the 5909:King of the Lombards 5859:in a revolt against 5715:from 1989 until the 5685:, founder and first 5677:Father of the Nation 5588:Father of the Nation 5383:Euthymius of Tarnovo 5263:Eastern Roman Empire 5157:King of the Belgians 5070:President of Austria 5064:, who was the first 4849:, as he founded the 4789:United Arab Emirates 4775:United Arab Emirates 4728:Mehmed the Conqueror 4664:Rattanakosin Kingdom 4599:father of the nation 4467:Malolos Constitution 4380:improve this section 4077:unification of Nepal 4073:Prithvi Narayan Shah 4063:Prithvi Narayan Shah 4015:secretariat building 3887:Federation of Malaya 3792:Dongmyeong the great 3725:Nursultan Nazarbayev 3645:. He sided with the 3592:improve this section 3527:British protectorate 3506:Abdullah I of Jordan 3297:First Persian Empire 3074:Father of the Nation 2866:, in circa 2070 BC. 2846:Chinese civilization 2299:Francisco de Miranda 2240:Alfredo Stroessner's 2217:Mauricio José Troche 2209:Pedro Juan Caballero 2182:Pedro Arias de Avila 2074:Hermenegildo Galeana 2022:Alexander Bustamante 1955:Toussaint Louverture 1945:Toussaint Louverture 1648:Pedro Álvares Cabral 1636:, founder and first 1600:Father of the Nation 1502:on royalist forces. 1079:(1918–2013) was the 1051:Abdirashid Shermarke 790:President of Namibia 751:first Moroccan state 727:Emirate of Cyrenaica 654:served as the first 216:improve this article 112:adding missing items 50:Father of the Nation 12386:, 14 September 2007 12378:"Step aside Chief!" 12122:"John Dunmore Lang" 11368:. 23 December 2017. 11195:on 15 December 2007 10847:. Millbrook Press. 10787:Yin, Xiong (2015). 10677:. 27 January 1975. 10655:(Second ed.). 10469:. 21 December 2021. 10120:14 May 2012 at the 9962:Ministry of Culture 9931:Wallenfeldt, Jeff. 9709:Metz, Helen, Chapin 9682:Egypt in Transition 9543:Republic of Vietnam 9417:political uprisings 9312:Plantagenet England 9269:Kingdom of Scotland 8999:King of the English 8629:Andrew Inglis Clark 8507:Scottish Parliament 8428:Henry II of England 8373:Mykhailo Hrushevsky 8274:Both the anonymous 8214:House of Trastámara 8206:Isabella of Castile 7991:was the founder of 7983:February Revolution 7965:of Russia from the 7929:Mikhail I of Russia 7863:Mihail Kogălniceanu 7841:Alexandru Ioan Cuza 7762:, from east to the 7739:Manifestis Probatum 7650:instructor rank in 7590:(1874–1945), was a 7451:(1864–1939), was a 7396:Polish Independence 7360:Kościuszko Uprising 7342:. He fought in the 7312:, which formed the 7302:Sigismund I the Old 7264:converted Lithuania 7131:Congress of Gniezno 7112:Congress of Gniezno 7092:Mieszko I of Poland 6945:Mieszko I of Poland 6863:William I of Orange 6571:Italian unification 6503:Alberto da Giussano 6467:created during the 6255:, co-author of the 6251:, President of the 6205:Greek Enlightenment 6091:, and by the first 6054:German nationalists 5939:First French Empire 5925:(1799–1804), first 5843:from 1917 to 1918. 5828:from 1991 to 1992. 5601:(1924–2012), under 5580:president of Cyprus 5425:Paisius of Hilendar 5318:History of Bulgaria 5201:Mythical rulers of 4979:from 1918 to 1948. 4768:Türkiye Cumhuriyeti 4704:Battle of Manzikert 4269:guerrilla conflicts 4194:Sir Syed Ahmad Khan 4149:, who is hailed as 4147:Muhammad Ali Jinnah 4136:Muhammad Ali Jinnah 4031:from 1948 to 1956. 3997:, spearheading the 3928:posthumous portrait 3877:), and also called 3838:Kaysonne Phomvihane 3684:again in 1964 when 3678:Dinmukhamed Kunayev 3635:Alikhan Bukeikhanov 3554:Alikhan Bokeikhanov 3523:Emir of Transjordan 3482:Kenkoku Kinen no Hi 3466:order of succession 3317:Cyrus the Great Day 3220:National Revolution 3126:from 1933 to 1934. 3118:. He organized the 3087:(1924–2012), under 3066:president of Cyprus 2724:Muhammad Mansur Ali 2695:Bengali nationalism 2587:the founder of the 2571:Neo Assyrian Empire 2517:King of Afghanistan 2513:Mohammad Zahir Shah 2495:Shrine of the Cloak 2376:, in his 1973 book 2372:American historian 2213:Fernando de la Mora 2020:from 1955 to 1962. 1995:José Trinidad Reyes 1987:Dionisio de Herrera 1918:José Matías Delgado 1907:Jose Joaquin Olmedo 1825:Juan Mora Fernández 1767:José Miguel Carrera 1745:José Miguel Carrera 1712:Caribbean Community 1694:, to establish the 1662:João VI of Portugal 1577:premier of Barbados 1458:War of Independence 1274:and unification of 1247:president of Uganda 1173:Salva Kiir Mayardit 1094:activists include: 1039:Somali Youth League 1009:from 1960 to 1980. 983:Sierra Leone Creole 753:was established by 622:President of Guinea 572:Emperor of Ethiopia 514:Egyptian government 421:from 1975 to 1991. 328:war of independence 314:The following is a 12806:A History of Wales 12776:A History of Wales 12429:The Pacific Review 12328:of the Philippines 11957:Blogit.helsinki.fi 11866:. 4 December 2017. 11611:on 5 February 2008 11062:Far Eastern Survey 10675:The New York Times 10196:Guiascostarica.com 10170:Guiascostarica.com 9439:October Revolution 9372:October Revolution 9262:Vladimir the Great 9235:Truce of Andrusovo 9179:Prince of Novgorod 9123: 9034:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi 9013:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi 8981:Kingdom of England 8958:Nigerian Civil War 8950:Republic of Biafra 8936:Republic of Biafra 8926:Kingdom of Bohemia 8882:Pre-Islamic Arabia 8800: 8743:Treaty of Waitangi 8614: 8549:Early colonial era 8468:Acts of Union 1707 8405: 8359:Bohdan Khmelnytsky 8260:Gustav I of Sweden 8222:Philip II of Spain 8198: 8184:with the police. 8006:Russian Federation 7919:Tsardom of Muscovy 7917:, established the 7897:Novgorod the Great 7770:and from south to 7632:lieutenant general 7630:(1873–1960) was a 7558:Silesian Uprisings 7464:National Democracy 7409:who served as the 7392: 7390:, 9 February 1919. 7320:Tadeusz Kościuszko 7300:, the only son of 7236: 7096:Dobrawa of Bohemia 7080:Bolesław I Chrobry 6948: 6867:William the Silent 6722:Jonas Basanavičius 6689:and the county of 6600:referendum in 1946 6579:became its capital 6559:Giuseppe Garibaldi 6541:Napoleon Bonaparte 6537: 6534:Giuseppe Garibaldi 6484:Father of Italians 6438: 6318:. Amongst others, 6316:Kingdom of Hungary 6265:head of government 6240:Yannis Makriyannis 6171:Lycurgus of Sparta 6103:Wir sind das Volk! 6046: 6020:Zviad Gamsakhurdia 6002:Kingdom of Georgia 5905:Holy Roman Emperor 5901:King of the Franks 5883:King of the Franks 5751: 5740: 5723:from 1993 to 2003. 5408:world of the time. 5333:Simeon I the Great 5225:. He was from the 5177:Tvrtko I of Bosnia 5145:Belgian Revolution 5004: 4937:republics and the 4884: 4870:Khanate of Bukhara 4840: 4830: 4827:Khanate of Bukhara 4821:ruler, founder of 4760:Republic of Turkey 4688: 4579: 4535: 4488: 4350: 4296:two-state solution 4284:Israeli government 4249:Muslim Brotherhood 4227:. Born in 1929 in 4217: 4143: 4070: 4007:Panglong Agreement 3983:Rangoon University 3930: 3871:Tunku Abdul Rahman 3868: 3861:Tunku Abdul Rahman 3756: 3637:(1866–1937) was a 3562: 3509: 3422:Eliezer Ben-Yehuda 3382: 3301:Achaemenid dynasty 3146: 2950:Gémìng Xiānxíngzhě 2947:considers him the 2787: 2770:Awang Alak Betatar 2697:since the days of 2631: 2539: 2487:Ahmad Shah Durrani 2484: 2477:Ahmad Shah Durrani 2390:Alexander Hamilton 2363:Federal Convention 2343: 2283:José de San Martín 2280: 2254:José de San Martín 2203:, others include: 2160:Joaquín del Cossío 2131: 2066:José María Morelos 1952: 1888:Matías Ramón Mella 1883:Dominican Republic 1763:Bernardo O'Higgins 1760: 1753:José de San Martín 1749:Bernardo O'Higgins 1688:Quebec Conferences 1645: 1596:George Cadle Price 1527:Madre de la Patria 1470:Padre de la Patria 1454:José de San Martín 1450: 1442:José de San Martín 1356:Ndabaningi Sithole 1322:from 1980 to 2017. 1265: 1192: 1023:France-Albert René 792:from 1990 to 2005. 639:, and the Guinean 526:revolution of 1919 518:British government 491: 407:Cape Verde Islands 348:French Upper Volta 145:possibly contains 110:; you can help by 13302:National founders 13284: 13283: 13280: 13279: 13097: 13096: 12816:978-0-14-014581-6 12786:978-0-14-014581-6 12756:978-0-13-097852-3 12729:978-0-394-70747-1 12702:978-1-349-24848-3 12675:978-0-300-13493-3 12613:978-0-7486-0317-6 12513:978-0-521-86403-9 12459:978-0-19-870826-1 12416:978-1-921536-28-1 12295:nzhistory.govt.nz 12263:. 4 January 2018. 12193:, 14 October 2009 12168:. 28 January 2010 11680:978-0-313-30984-7 11433:978-0-19-829891-5 11414:978-1-58234-049-4 11348:. 10 August 2005. 11313:978-0-231-50004-3 11274:978-1-86064-331-6 11107:978-0-300-10518-6 10889:Varnava, Andrekos 10407:"Bentham Project" 10314:on 30 August 2013 10250:on 31 August 2021 10076:The San Pedro Sun 9784:978-0-8020-7402-7 9476:Lorenzo de Zavala 9471:William B. Travis 9460:Republic of Texas 9413:Russian Civil War 9306:1477) celebrated 9219:Ivan the Terrible 9131:Anatolian beyliks 8854:Conquest of Mecca 8817:Arabian Peninsula 8757:of the nation of 8755:founding document 8646:John Dunmore Lang 8581:William Wentworth 8567:Lachlan Macquarie 8522:Peter the Apostle 8451:, as well as the 8367:Cossack uprisings 8349:Daniel of Galicia 8318:Stefano Franscini 8290:Ulrich Ochsenbein 8230:Philip V of Spain 8202:Catholic Monarchs 8176:, who helped the 8140:was president of 8109:Many Slovaks see 8098:Obrenović dynasty 7939:, elected to the 7907:Ivan the Terrible 7819:Michael the Brave 7711:Henry of Burgundy 7693:Lusitanian people 7535:parliaments, the 7517:Wojciech Korfanty 7324:military engineer 7290:Zygmunt II August 7224:Kingdom of Poland 7151:Holy Roman Empire 7108:Holy Roman Empire 7104:Bruno of Querfurt 7064:Holy Roman Empire 7032:Kingdom of Poland 7014: 7013: 7006: 6831:Treaty of Péronne 6803:became the first 6801:François Grimaldi 6784:Stephen the Great 6767:Republic of Malta 6675:became the first 6612:Palmiro Togliatti 6610:), the communist 6604:Alcide De Gasperi 6577:in 1861 and Rome 6561:, Prime Minister 6545:President of the 6514:Battle of Legnano 6448:, the capital of 6407:Seán Mac Diarmada 6308:Hungarian Kingdom 6306:reigned over the 6201:Theophilos Kairis 6197:Adamantios Korais 6173:, founder of the 6093:German Chancellor 6078:Otto von Bismarck 6043:Otto von Bismarck 6022:(1939—1993), 1st 6009:(1881—1930), 1st 5993:Kingdom of Iberia 5964:French resistance 5962:is a hero of the 5960:Charles de Gaulle 5954:Monarch of France 5891:Catholic religion 5705:Velvet Revolution 5699:, founder of the 5673:František Palacký 5609:(1973–1974), and 5134:from 1919 to 1923 5094:Kastuś Kalinoŭski 5045:, who signed the 4962:Hồng Bàng dynasty 4900:Jadidist movement 4888:Fayzulla Xoʻjayev 4880:Fayzulla Xoʻjayev 4858:Muhammad Shaybani 4823:Shaybanid Dynasty 4815:Muhammad Shaybani 4648:(1734–1782), who 4631:(1590–1605), who 4623:Sukhothai Kingdom 4607:J. R. Jayewardene 4603:William Gopallawa 4509:Abdulaziz Al Saud 4481:Abdulaziz Al Saud 4461:through the 1899 4435:El Filibusterismo 4416: 4415: 4408: 4320:Nobel Peace Prize 4294:and supporting a 4183:Khwaja Nazimuddin 4175:Abdul Rab Nishtar 3764:Eternal President 3699:Mikhail Gorbachev 3628: 3627: 3620: 3355:Ruhollah Khomeini 3216:Indonesian people 3095:(1973–1974), and 2941:Republic of China 2911:Republic of China 2748:(1594–1651) fled 2710:Syed Nazrul Islam 2559:Movses Khorenatsi 2453:Rómulo Betancourt 2441:José Antonio Páez 2406:George Washington 2386:Benjamin Franklin 2374:Richard B. Morris 2357:in 1776) and the 2335:George Washington 2088:(1775–1817), and 2070:Mariano Matamoros 1997:(1797–1855), and 1991:Francisco Morazán 1930:Pedro de Alvarado 1892:Juan Pablo Duarte 1784:, was founder of 1690:in 1864, and the 1658:Pedro I of Brazil 1510:flag of Argentina 1444:is known as the " 1401:Josiah Tungamirai 1307:Zimbabwe Rhodesia 1043:Somali presidents 981:form part of the 668:Mau Mau rebellion 614:Ahmed Sékou Touré 580:Solomonic dynasty 461:Cléophas Kamitatu 415:Aristides Pereira 360:Sangoulé Lamizana 310: 309: 302: 292: 291: 284: 266: 190: 189: 182: 147:original research 128: 127: 92: 16:(Redirected from 13314: 13196: 13195: 13124: 13117: 13110: 13101: 13100: 12907:National symbols 12900: 12893: 12886: 12877: 12876: 12870: 12869: 12862: 12856: 12855: 12849: 12847: 12838:. 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Archived from 10343: 10337: 10330: 10324: 10323: 10321: 10319: 10313: 10306: 10298: 10292: 10291: 10289: 10287: 10282:on 24 March 2012 10281: 10274: 10266: 10260: 10259: 10257: 10255: 10249: 10238: 10225: 10219: 10214: 10208: 10207: 10205: 10203: 10188: 10182: 10181: 10179: 10177: 10162: 10156: 10155: 10153: 10151: 10131: 10125: 10112: 10106: 10099: 10093: 10092: 10090: 10088: 10067: 10061: 10060: 10058: 10056: 10035: 10029: 10028: 10026: 10024: 10009: 10003: 10002: 10000: 9998: 9980: 9974: 9973: 9971: 9969: 9954: 9948: 9947: 9945: 9943: 9928: 9922: 9921: 9919: 9917: 9902: 9896: 9895: 9893: 9891: 9874: 9868: 9861: 9855: 9854: 9830: 9824: 9819: 9813: 9812: 9810: 9808: 9796: 9790: 9788: 9772: 9762: 9756: 9749: 9743: 9730: 9724: 9706: 9704: 9702: 9693:. Archived from 9670: 9664: 9663: 9661: 9659: 9644: 9638: 9633: 9617:Mobutu Sese Seko 9601:Jan van Riebeeck 9363: 9343: 9305: 9275:Kenneth MacAlpin 9257:Saint-Petersburg 9253:sweeping reforms 9249:Treaty of Nystad 9147:Sultanate of Rum 9101: 9098: 9095: 9092: 9089: 9085: 9084: 9071: 9070: 9061: 9060: 9038:Hawaiian history 9026:Native Hawaiians 9007:Alfred the Great 8898:Sassanid Empires 8890:Rashidun Caliphs 8830:Prophet Muhammad 8765:Papua New Guinea 8449:Robert the Bruce 8420:Kenneth MacAlpin 8408:Alfred the Great 8363:Petro Doroshenko 8353:King of Ruthenia 8280:who drew up the 8066:Nemanjić dynasty 7971:Saint Petersburg 7967:House of Romanov 7949:Time of Troubles 7937:House of Romanov 7809:battle of Posada 7760:Southern Germany 7735:King of Portugal 7610:Ignacy Daszyński 7541:Prussian Landtag 7388:Legislative Sejm 7215:(Latin: "king"). 7205:Central European 7116:Metropolitan See 7082:(967–1025), was 7009: 7002: 6998: 6995: 6989: 6958: 6950: 6596:Italian Republic 6567:Giuseppe Mazzini 6547:Italian Republic 6480:Italicus Populus 6411:Thomas MacDonagh 6359:Irish Free State 6296:Carpathian Basin 6294:settle into the 6074:Henry the Fowler 5855:: he united the 5839:served as first 5791:Harald Bluetooth 5767:Saxo Grammaticus 5691:Independence Day 5651:Duchy of Bohemia 5576:Church of Cyprus 5573:Eastern Orthodox 5520:dukes of Croatia 5503:Stefan Stambolov 5473:Georgi Benkovski 5449:Lyuben Karavelov 5406:Eastern Orthodox 5351:Southeast Europe 5324:. The historian 5259:Southeast Europe 5128:Vaclaŭ Lastoŭski 5098:January Uprising 5043:Bishop of Urgell 4950:Kinh Dương Vương 4787:established the 4740:Byzantine Empire 4646:Taksin the Great 4595:D. S. Senanayake 4463:Malolos Congress 4447:Emilio Aguinaldo 4439:Andrés Bonifacio 4411: 4404: 4400: 4397: 4391: 4360: 4352: 4318:, receiving the 4237:Arab nationalism 4187:I. I. Chundrigar 4171:A. K. Fazlul Huq 4167:Liaquat Ali Khan 4027:served as first 3964:Kingdom of Pagan 3879:Bapa Kemerdekaan 3846:Marxist–Leninist 3623: 3616: 3612: 3609: 3603: 3572: 3564: 3488: 3487: 3484: 3478: 3477: 3462:emperor of Japan 3456: 3454: 3445: 3444: 3399:David Ben-Gurion 3315:annually on the 3277: 3265: 3253: 3241: 3062:Church of Cyprus 3059:Eastern Orthodox 3028: 3016: 3004: 2992: 2980: 2958: 2957: 2952: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2898: 2897: 2892: 2864:dynasty of China 2815:Norodom Sihanouk 2780:Norodom Sihanouk 2721:finance minister 2646:(which he named 2636:Sultan of Bengal 2398:Thomas Jefferson 2353:(who signed the 2347:Founding Fathers 2228:Andrés Rodríguez 2205:Fulgencio Yegros 2158:(1800–1880) and 1971:Alexandre Pétion 1967:Henri Christophe 1957:(1743–1803) and 1894:(1813–1876) and 1877:Cuban Revolution 1765:(1778–1842) and 1642:Empire of Brazil 1613:(1783–1830) and 1411:George Silundika 1366:Josiah Tongogara 1346:Leopold Takawira 1194:Being the first 922:. The troika of 886:Egbert Udo Udoma 827:Herbert Macaulay 814:Jonker Afrikaner 788:served as first 739:Kingdom of Libya 683:African American 658:(1963–1964) and 584:Ethiopian Empire 557:King of kaNgwane 538:Kingdom of Egypt 449:Joseph Kasa-Vubu 432:served as first 417:served as first 409:and the ensuing 370:as apart of his 324:political system 320:sovereign states 305: 298: 287: 280: 276: 273: 267: 265: 224: 200: 192: 185: 178: 174: 171: 165: 162:inline citations 138: 137: 130: 123: 120: 102: 101: 95: 84: 62: 61: 54: 21: 13322: 13321: 13317: 13316: 13315: 13313: 13312: 13311: 13287: 13286: 13285: 13276: 13225: 13199:Specific groups 13185: 13164: 13131: 13128: 13098: 13093: 13072: 13002: 12971:Personification 12914: 12904: 12874: 12873: 12864: 12863: 12859: 12845: 12843: 12828: 12824: 12817: 12798: 12794: 12787: 12768: 12764: 12757: 12741: 12737: 12730: 12714: 12710: 12703: 12687: 12683: 12676: 12660: 12656: 12635:(29): 136–146. 12625: 12621: 12614: 12600: 12596: 12579: 12558: 12554: 12536: 12532: 12518: 12516: 12514: 12503: 12495: 12491: 12483: 12479: 12471: 12467: 12460: 12444: 12440: 12425: 12421: 12394: 12390: 12376: 12372: 12364: 12360: 12350: 12348: 12347:. 6 August 2002 12337: 12336: 12332: 12322:Wayback Machine 12313: 12309: 12299: 12297: 12289: 12288: 12284: 12280:, 19 April 2004 12272: 12268: 12255: 12254: 12250: 12240: 12238: 12230: 12229: 12225: 12215: 12213: 12202: 12201: 12197: 12191:Fiji Daily Post 12185: 12181: 12171: 12169: 12158: 12157: 12153: 12145: 12141: 12131: 12129: 12120: 12119: 12115: 12105: 12103: 12086: 12085: 12081: 12068: 12067: 12063: 12053: 12051: 12050:on 14 June 2007 12042: 12041: 12037: 12027: 12025: 12016: 12015: 12011: 11995: 11991: 11975: 11971: 11961: 11959: 11951: 11950: 11946: 11939: 11923: 11919: 11911: 11907: 11894: 11893: 11889: 11876: 11875: 11871: 11862: 11861: 11857: 11847: 11845: 11844:(in Lithuanian) 11834: 11833: 11829: 11819: 11817: 11816:(in Lithuanian) 11804: 11800: 11795:Wayback Machine 11786: 11782: 11772: 11770: 11757: 11756: 11752: 11737: 11721: 11717: 11708: 11704: 11695: 11691: 11681: 11665: 11661: 11654: 11638: 11634: 11628: 11624: 11614: 11612: 11603: 11602: 11598: 11574: 11570: 11565: 11561: 11556: 11552: 11544: 11540: 11533: 11525:. p. 407. 11510: 11506: 11499: 11483: 11479: 11469: 11467: 11459: 11458: 11454: 11443: 11439: 11426: 11422: 11415: 11392: 11388: 11377: 11373: 11358: 11357: 11353: 11338: 11337: 11333: 11323: 11321: 11314: 11298: 11294: 11286: 11282: 11275: 11259: 11255: 11244: 11240: 11231: 11227: 11212: 11208: 11198: 11196: 11187: 11186: 11182: 11174: 11170: 11160: 11158: 11145: 11141: 11133: 11129: 11120: 11116: 11108: 11074:10.2307/3023219 11068:(24): 345–348. 11046:10.2307/3016666 11027: 11023: 11011: 11010: 11001: 11000: 10993: 10991: 10985: 10984: 10980: 10975:Wayback Machine 10966: 10962: 10949: 10948: 10944: 10934: 10932: 10927: 10926: 10919: 10909: 10907: 10905: 10886: 10879: 10866: 10862: 10855: 10839: 10835: 10828: 10812: 10808: 10801: 10785: 10781: 10774: 10758: 10751: 10744: 10728: 10724: 10717: 10701: 10697: 10687: 10685: 10669: 10668: 10664: 10641: 10637: 10615: 10611: 10600: 10589: 10581: 10577: 10560:(in Armenian). 10548: 10544: 10534: 10517: 10513: 10503: 10478: 10474: 10461: 10460: 10456: 10447: 10443: 10433: 10431: 10423: 10422: 10418: 10405: 10404: 10400: 10390: 10388: 10375: 10374: 10370: 10360: 10358: 10357:on 14 June 2011 10345: 10344: 10340: 10331: 10327: 10317: 10315: 10311: 10304: 10300: 10299: 10295: 10285: 10283: 10279: 10272: 10268: 10267: 10263: 10253: 10251: 10247: 10236: 10226: 10222: 10215: 10211: 10201: 10199: 10190: 10189: 10185: 10175: 10173: 10164: 10163: 10159: 10149: 10147: 10132: 10128: 10122:Wayback Machine 10113: 10109: 10100: 10096: 10086: 10084: 10069: 10068: 10064: 10054: 10052: 10051:on 1 April 2018 10037: 10036: 10032: 10022: 10020: 10010: 10006: 9996: 9994: 9982: 9981: 9977: 9967: 9965: 9956: 9955: 9951: 9941: 9939: 9929: 9925: 9915: 9913: 9903: 9899: 9889: 9887: 9876: 9875: 9871: 9862: 9858: 9831: 9827: 9820: 9816: 9806: 9804: 9797: 9793: 9785: 9763: 9759: 9753:The Middle East 9750: 9746: 9740:Wayback Machine 9731: 9727: 9700: 9698: 9689: 9671: 9667: 9657: 9655: 9646: 9645: 9641: 9634: 9630: 9625: 9614: 9583: 9575:Josip Broz Tito 9572: 9560: 9545: 9492:Emperor of Rome 9484: 9462: 9409:one-party state 9407:but later as a 9405:elected soviets 9379: 9378: 9377: 9376: 9375: 9364: 9356: 9355: 9352:Bolshevik party 9344: 9333: 9320: 9308:William Wallace 9271: 9241:Peter the Great 9167: 9112: 9099: 9096: 9093: 9090: 9066:Wanggeom (단군왕검/ 9046: 9015: 8983: 8966: 8938: 8906: 8878:Southern Arabia 8819: 8814: 8786: 8767: 8716: 8703:Hammer DeRoburt 8700: 8681: 8663: 8602: 8560:New South Wales 8551: 8546: 8541: 8519: 8503:Sir James Craig 8445:William Wallace 8440:Owain the Great 8438:in Ireland and 8395: 8387:Leonid Kravchuk 8377:Central Council 8326: 8302:Josef Munzinger 8272: 8242: 8190: 8123: 8107: 8090:Miloš Obrenović 8058:Serbian Kingdom 8046: 8019: 7995:and later, the 7979:Russian history 7955:Peter the Great 7915:Rurikid dynasty 7893:Rurikid dynasty 7878: 7857:Ion C. Brătianu 7851:King of Romania 7813:Basarab dynasty 7772:Greek Macedonia 7748: 7727:Templar Brother 7725:(1109–1185), a 7719:Kingdom of León 7685: 7503:Fourteen Points 7423:Polish politics 7403:Józef Piłsudski 7372:Józef Piłsudski 7306:Union of Lublin 7280:Christian world 7010: 6999: 6993: 6990: 6975: 6959: 6938: 6898: 6883: 6881:North Macedonia 6865:(1533–1584) or 6859: 6840: 6829:by signing the 6797: 6775: 6756: 6746: 6720:on 6 July. Dr. 6710: 6669: 6659:and four-times 6649: 6625: 6588:members of the 6527: 6428: 6423: 6415:Joseph Plunkett 6379:Irish Civil War 6375:Michael Collins 6367:Éamon de Valera 6355: 6336: 6280: 6193: 6130: 6125: 6097:Konrad Adenauer 6036: 5985: 5849: 5834: 5819: 5730: 5623: 5615:Northern Cyprus 5555: 5512: 5491:Zahari Stoyanov 5479:Petko Karavelov 5437:Georgi Rakovski 5415: 5355:North Macedonia 5326:Steven Runciman 5301:Tatra Mountains 5211: 5199: 5173: 5141: 5121:Žyvie Bielaruś! 5090: 5059: 5027: 4990: 4985: 4970: 4947: 4801: 4777: 4722:Ottoman dynasty 4677: 4615: 4584: 4521: 4505: 4493: 4430:Noli Me Tángere 4412: 4401: 4395: 4392: 4377: 4361: 4336: 4253:State of Israel 4203: 4129: 4113:Qaboos bin Said 4109: 4091:for a total of 4056: 3957: 3919: 3854: 3827: 3811: 3788:Taejo Wang Geon 3773: 3741: 3651:Western culture 3624: 3613: 3607: 3604: 3589: 3573: 3547: 3499: 3485: 3472: 3439: 3434: 3395:decades later. 3367: 3337:Cyrus the Great 3325:1979 Revolution 3293:Cyrus the Great 3290: 3285: 3284: 3283: 3282: 3281: 3278: 3270: 3269: 3266: 3258: 3257: 3254: 3246: 3245: 3242: 3165: 3132: 3120:Kumul Rebellion 3109: 3101:Northern Cyprus 3041: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3033: 3032: 3029: 3021: 3020: 3017: 3009: 3008: 3005: 2997: 2996: 2993: 2985: 2984: 2981: 2869:In 221 BC, the 2838: 2831: 2792: 2766: 2746:Ngawang Namgyal 2743: 2617: 2598: 2525: 2503:Ahmad Shah the 2470: 2465: 2414: 2328: 2322: 2307: 2266: 2251: 2201:1811 revolution 2190: 2174: 2109: 2078:Mariano Jiménez 2062:Mariano Abasolo 2054:Ignacio Allende 2042: 2007: 1979: 1938: 1926: 1915: 1904: 1885: 1871:with help from 1849: 1822: 1779: 1737: 1714: 1676: 1670: 1627: 1608: 1593: 1550: 1538:Lynden Pindling 1535: 1506:Manuel Belgrano 1500:surprise attack 1434: 1429: 1416:Dumiso Dabengwa 1386:James Chikerema 1381:George Nyandoro 1361:Herbert Chitepo 1331:Rekayi Tangwena 1323: 1310: 1296: 1255: 1236: 1211:Habib Bourguiba 1208: 1182: 1162: 1074: 1063: 1035: 1015: 995: 971:Moses Wilkinson 948: 924:Obafemi Awolowo 912:Dennis Osadebay 879:Anthony Enahoro 854:Obafemi Awolowo 823: 808:Hendrik Witbooi 782: 774:King of Morocco 747: 715:Idris Al-sanusi 711: 676: 649: 611: 596: 565: 550: 477: 445:Patrice Lumumba 442: 427: 396: 364:Blaise Compaoré 352:first president 344:Maurice Yaméogo 341: 336: 306: 295: 294: 293: 288: 277: 271: 268: 225: 223: 213: 201: 186: 175: 169: 166: 151: 139: 135: 124: 118: 115: 99: 63: 59: 52: 46: 39: 28: 23: 22: 18:Founding father 15: 12: 11: 5: 13320: 13310: 13309: 13304: 13299: 13282: 13281: 13278: 13277: 13275: 13274: 13269: 13264: 13259: 13254: 13249: 13244: 13239: 13233: 13231: 13227: 13226: 13224: 13223: 13218: 13216:Internet-based 13213: 13208: 13202: 13200: 13193: 13187: 13186: 13184: 13183: 13178: 13172: 13170: 13166: 13165: 13163: 13162: 13157: 13147: 13141: 13139: 13133: 13132: 13127: 13126: 13119: 13112: 13104: 13095: 13094: 13092: 13091: 13086: 13080: 13078: 13074: 13073: 13071: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13059: 13058: 13048: 13043: 13038: 13033: 13028: 13023: 13022: 13021: 13010: 13008: 13004: 13003: 13001: 13000: 12995: 12990: 12989: 12988: 12983: 12973: 12968: 12963: 12958: 12953: 12948: 12943: 12938: 12933: 12928: 12922: 12920: 12916: 12915: 12903: 12902: 12895: 12888: 12880: 12872: 12871: 12857: 12842:on 4 July 2018 12822: 12815: 12792: 12785: 12762: 12755: 12735: 12728: 12708: 12701: 12681: 12674: 12654: 12619: 12612: 12594: 12577: 12563:, ed. (2007). 12561:Lynch, Michael 12552: 12543:Pottinger, Don 12530: 12512: 12489: 12477: 12465: 12458: 12438: 12419: 12388: 12370: 12358: 12330: 12307: 12282: 12266: 12248: 12236:Britannica.com 12223: 12195: 12179: 12151: 12139: 12113: 12102:. 13 June 2019 12079: 12061: 12035: 12024:. 30 June 2015 12009: 11989: 11983:. p. 56. 11969: 11944: 11937: 11917: 11905: 11887: 11869: 11855: 11827: 11798: 11780: 11750: 11735: 11715: 11709:Brewer, David 11702: 11689: 11679: 11659: 11652: 11632: 11622: 11596: 11568: 11559: 11550: 11538: 11531: 11504: 11497: 11477: 11465:Britannica.com 11452: 11437: 11420: 11413: 11386: 11371: 11351: 11331: 11312: 11292: 11280: 11273: 11253: 11238: 11225: 11206: 11180: 11168: 11139: 11127: 11114: 11106: 11040:(3): 274–285. 11021: 11012:|website= 10978: 10960: 10942: 10917: 10903: 10877: 10860: 10853: 10833: 10826: 10806: 10799: 10779: 10772: 10749: 10742: 10722: 10715: 10695: 10662: 10649:Islam, Sirajul 10635: 10609: 10575: 10542: 10532: 10511: 10501: 10472: 10454: 10441: 10429:Venezlon.co.uk 10416: 10398: 10368: 10338: 10336:, pp. 237–238. 10332:Timothy Anna, 10325: 10293: 10261: 10239:(in Spanish). 10220: 10209: 10198:. 27 June 2013 10183: 10172:. 27 June 2013 10157: 10146:on 9 June 2017 10126: 10107: 10094: 10083:on 1 June 2013 10062: 10030: 10004: 9975: 9949: 9923: 9897: 9869: 9856: 9825: 9814: 9791: 9783: 9757: 9744: 9725: 9697:on 17 May 2008 9665: 9639: 9627: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9613: 9610: 9609: 9608: 9598: 9582: 9579: 9571: 9568: 9559: 9556: 9544: 9541: 9540: 9539: 9533: 9519: 9504:Romano-British 9488:Magnus Maximus 9483: 9480: 9479: 9478: 9473: 9468: 9461: 9458: 9457: 9456: 9424: 9383:Vladimir Lenin 9365: 9358: 9357: 9345: 9338: 9337: 9336: 9335: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9328: 9327: 9319: 9316: 9270: 9267: 9266: 9265: 9259: 9245:Russian Empire 9238: 9216: 9182: 9166: 9165:Russian Empire 9163: 9159:Ottoman Empire 9135:Seljuk dynasty 9111: 9110:Ottoman Empire 9108: 9062:) and his son 9045: 9042: 9032:conceived the 9014: 9011: 8982: 8979: 8978: 8977: 8974:Czechoslovakia 8965: 8964:Czechoslovakia 8962: 8937: 8934: 8905: 8902: 8846:Battle of Badr 8818: 8815: 8813: 8810: 8806:George Tupou I 8793:George Tupou I 8785: 8782: 8778:Prime Minister 8774:Michael Somare 8766: 8763: 8751:William Hobson 8737:, drafted the 8715: 8712: 8699: 8696: 8680: 8677: 8669:Andon Amaraich 8662: 8659: 8658: 8657: 8654:British Empire 8643: 8636: 8626: 8601: 8598: 8597: 8596: 8578: 8563: 8556:Arthur Phillip 8550: 8547: 8545: 8542: 8540: 8537: 8529:Lateran Treaty 8518: 8515: 8488:Robert Walpole 8476:United Kingdom 8460:James VI and I 8402:Robert Walpole 8394: 8393:United Kingdom 8391: 8341:who was first 8325: 8322: 8294:Jakob Stämpfli 8271: 8268: 8241: 8238: 8189: 8186: 8122: 8119: 8106: 8103: 8102: 8101: 8087: 8076:Ottoman Empire 8069: 8062:Serbian Empire 8050:Stefan Nemanja 8045: 8042: 8018: 8015: 8014: 8013: 7999: 7989:Vladimir Lenin 7986: 7975:Russian Empire 7952: 7933:Tsar of Russia 7931:was the first 7926: 7923:Tsar of Russia 7900: 7877: 7874: 7873: 7872: 7866: 7860: 7854: 7849:was the first 7844: 7838: 7816: 7793: 7779: 7776:Eastern Thrace 7747: 7744: 7743: 7742: 7737:, through the 7708: 7695:that resisted 7684: 7681: 7680: 7679: 7640:Polish Legions 7625: 7607: 7588:Wincenty Witos 7585: 7574:discrimination 7564:, which after 7514: 7471: 7446: 7413:(1918–22) and 7411:Chief of State 7364: 7363: 7317: 7294:King of Poland 7287: 7248:King of Poland 7217: 7216: 7209:King of Poland 7088:King of Poland 7084:Duke of Poland 7077: 7029: 7028: 7012: 7011: 6962: 6960: 6953: 6937: 6934: 6933: 6932: 6909: 6904:, who unified 6897: 6894: 6882: 6879: 6858: 6855: 6847:Ottoman Empire 6839: 6836: 6835: 6834: 6812: 6809:Rock of Monaco 6805:Lord of Monaco 6796: 6793: 6792: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6774: 6771: 6755: 6752: 6745: 6742: 6709: 6706: 6705: 6704: 6698: 6680: 6668: 6665: 6653:Kārlis Ulmanis 6648: 6645: 6629:Ibrahim Rugova 6624: 6621: 6620: 6619: 6582: 6551: 6526: 6523: 6522: 6521: 6518:Lombard League 6500: 6487: 6462: 6459:Cisalpine Gaul 6452: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6395:James Connolly 6391:Patrick Pearse 6354: 6351: 6339:Jón Sigurðsson 6335: 6332: 6298:in 896 AD was 6279: 6276: 6275: 6274: 6268: 6246: 6221: 6211: 6192: 6189: 6188: 6187: 6177: 6168: 6154: 6145: 6142:Greek language 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6117:modern Germany 6089:Herrenchiemsee 6070:Richard Wagner 6035: 6032: 6031: 6030: 6017: 6011:Prime Minister 6007:Noe Ramishvili 6004: 5995: 5984: 5981: 5980: 5979: 5957: 5942: 5916: 5894: 5877:: King of the 5872: 5848: 5845: 5833: 5830: 5822:Edgar Savisaar 5818: 5815: 5814: 5813: 5799: 5788: 5774: 5729: 5726: 5725: 5724: 5709:Czechoslovakia 5694: 5680: 5670: 5664: 5654: 5644: 5622: 5621:Czech Republic 5619: 5584:Greek Cypriots 5554: 5551: 5550: 5549: 5539: 5536:Ante Starčević 5533: 5523: 5511: 5508: 5507: 5506: 5500: 5494: 5488: 5482: 5476: 5470: 5464: 5458: 5452: 5446: 5443:Dragan Tsankov 5440: 5434: 5428: 5422: 5414: 5411: 5410: 5409: 5380: 5358: 5340: 5304: 5282: 5279:Volga Bulgaria 5244: 5241:Great Bulgaria 5234: 5210: 5207: 5198: 5195: 5194: 5193: 5187:Ottoman Sultan 5180: 5172: 5169: 5149:Charles Rogier 5140: 5137: 5136: 5135: 5125: 5109: 5106:Russian Empire 5089: 5086: 5058: 5055: 5026: 5023: 5019:prime minister 4989: 4986: 4984: 4981: 4969: 4966: 4946: 4943: 4851:Timurid Empire 4800: 4797: 4781:Trucial states 4776: 4773: 4772: 4771: 4753: 4743: 4732:Constantinople 4725: 4711: 4676: 4673: 4672: 4671: 4668:Chakri dynasty 4657: 4652:following the 4643: 4626: 4614: 4611: 4583: 4580: 4542:prime minister 4520: 4517: 4504: 4501: 4497:State of Qatar 4492: 4489: 4414: 4413: 4364: 4362: 4355: 4335: 4332: 4288:right to exist 4202: 4199: 4163:Muhammad Iqbal 4128: 4125: 4108: 4105: 4101:King Gyanendra 4055: 4052: 4003:Burma campaign 3956: 3953: 3918: 3915: 3895:Prime Minister 3891:Prime Minister 3853: 3850: 3842:Souphanouvoung 3826: 3823: 3810: 3807: 3772: 3769: 3740: 3737: 3703:Gennady Kolbin 3668:Butyrka prison 3626: 3625: 3576: 3574: 3567: 3546: 3543: 3498: 3495: 3433: 3430: 3366: 3363: 3307:gather at his 3289: 3286: 3279: 3272: 3271: 3267: 3260: 3259: 3256:Mohammad Hatta 3255: 3248: 3247: 3243: 3236: 3235: 3234: 3233: 3232: 3211:of Indonesia. 3209:Vice President 3189:Mohammad Hatta 3169:Mohammad Hatta 3164: 3161: 3149:Mahatma Gandhi 3139:Mahatma Gandhi 3131: 3128: 3108: 3107:East Turkistan 3105: 3070:Greek Cypriots 3040: 3037: 3030: 3023: 3022: 3018: 3011: 3010: 3006: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2987: 2986: 2983:Yellow Thearch 2982: 2975: 2974: 2973: 2972: 2971: 2873:completed the 2842:Yellow Thearch 2830: 2827: 2791: 2788: 2765: 2762: 2742: 2739: 2717:Tajuddin Ahmad 2714:prime minister 2707:vice-president 2703: 2702: 2680: 2658: 2616: 2613: 2597: 2594: 2593: 2592: 2578: 2524: 2521: 2469: 2466: 2464: 2461: 2413: 2410: 2324:Main article: 2321: 2318: 2306: 2303: 2265: 2262: 2250: 2247: 2189: 2186: 2173: 2170: 2166:Fruto Chamorro 2138:First Popular 2120:First Popular 2108: 2105: 2090:Víctor Rosales 2041: 2038: 2034:United Kingdom 2006: 2003: 1978: 1975: 1937: 1934: 1925: 1922: 1914: 1911: 1903: 1900: 1884: 1881: 1856:Ten Years' War 1848: 1845: 1841:William Walker 1821: 1818: 1810:Antonio Nariño 1778: 1775: 1771:Diego Portales 1757:Diego Portales 1736: 1733: 1725:Michael Manley 1721:Forbes Burnham 1713: 1710: 1702:Queen Victoria 1672:Main article: 1669: 1666: 1626: 1623: 1607: 1604: 1592: 1589: 1585:British Empire 1563:. Initially a 1549: 1546: 1534: 1531: 1520:Afro-Argentine 1496:mountain range 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1423: 1421:Lookout Masuku 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1391:Solomon Mujuru 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1303:Prime Minister 1295: 1292: 1288:Harry Nkumbula 1284:Simon Kapwepwe 1268:Kenneth Kaunda 1262:Kenneth Kaunda 1254: 1251: 1235: 1232: 1207: 1204: 1200:Julius Nyerere 1189:Julius Nyerere 1181: 1178: 1177: 1176: 1170: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1134:Robert Sobukwe 1131: 1129:Raymond Mhlaba 1126: 1124:Ahmed Kathrada 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1092:anti-apartheid 1085:F. W. de Klerk 1077:Nelson Mandela 1073: 1070: 1062: 1059: 1034: 1031: 1014: 1011: 994: 991: 955:Black American 947: 944: 928:Nnamdi Azikiwe 916: 915: 909: 903: 896: 889: 882: 875: 864: 857: 850: 847:Nnamdi Azikiwe 843: 837: 830: 822: 819: 818: 817: 811: 805: 799: 793: 781: 778: 763:Sharif bin Ali 759:'Alawi dynasty 746: 743: 710: 707: 675: 672: 664:United Kingdom 656:Prime Minister 648: 645: 610: 607: 603:United Kingdom 595: 592: 564: 561: 549: 546: 542:prime minister 476: 473: 457:Jean Bolikango 453:Albert Kalonji 441: 438: 426: 423: 399:Amílcar Cabral 395: 392: 388:Ibrahim Traoré 368:Thomas Sankara 340: 337: 335: 332: 308: 307: 290: 289: 204: 202: 195: 188: 187: 142: 140: 133: 126: 125: 105: 103: 93: 67: 66: 64: 57: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13319: 13308: 13305: 13303: 13300: 13298: 13295: 13294: 13292: 13273: 13270: 13268: 13265: 13263: 13260: 13258: 13255: 13253: 13250: 13248: 13245: 13243: 13240: 13238: 13235: 13234: 13232: 13228: 13222: 13219: 13217: 13214: 13212: 13209: 13207: 13204: 13203: 13201: 13197: 13194: 13192: 13191:Entrepreneurs 13188: 13182: 13179: 13177: 13174: 13173: 13171: 13167: 13161: 13158: 13155: 13151: 13148: 13146: 13143: 13142: 13140: 13138: 13134: 13125: 13120: 13118: 13113: 13111: 13106: 13105: 13102: 13090: 13087: 13085: 13082: 13081: 13079: 13075: 13069: 13066: 13064: 13061: 13057: 13054: 13053: 13052: 13049: 13047: 13044: 13042: 13039: 13037: 13034: 13032: 13029: 13027: 13024: 13020: 13017: 13016: 13015: 13012: 13011: 13009: 13005: 12999: 12996: 12994: 12991: 12987: 12984: 12982: 12979: 12978: 12977: 12974: 12972: 12969: 12967: 12964: 12962: 12959: 12957: 12954: 12952: 12949: 12947: 12944: 12942: 12939: 12937: 12934: 12932: 12929: 12927: 12924: 12923: 12921: 12917: 12912: 12908: 12901: 12896: 12894: 12889: 12887: 12882: 12881: 12878: 12867: 12861: 12854: 12841: 12837: 12833: 12826: 12818: 12812: 12808: 12807: 12802: 12796: 12788: 12782: 12778: 12777: 12772: 12766: 12758: 12752: 12748: 12747: 12739: 12731: 12725: 12721: 12720: 12712: 12704: 12698: 12694: 12693: 12685: 12677: 12671: 12667: 12666: 12658: 12650: 12646: 12642: 12638: 12634: 12630: 12623: 12615: 12609: 12605: 12598: 12591: 12589: 12585: 12580: 12578:9780199234820 12574: 12570: 12566: 12562: 12556: 12548: 12544: 12540: 12534: 12527: 12515: 12509: 12502: 12501: 12493: 12486: 12481: 12474: 12469: 12461: 12455: 12451: 12450: 12442: 12434: 12430: 12423: 12417: 12413: 12410:, July 2009, 12409: 12405: 12404:Darrell Tryon 12401: 12397: 12392: 12385: 12384: 12379: 12374: 12367: 12366:Article Title 12362: 12346: 12345: 12340: 12334: 12327: 12326:Gloria Arroyo 12324:by President 12323: 12319: 12316: 12311: 12296: 12292: 12286: 12279: 12275: 12270: 12262: 12258: 12252: 12237: 12233: 12227: 12211: 12210: 12205: 12199: 12192: 12188: 12183: 12167: 12166: 12161: 12155: 12148: 12143: 12127: 12123: 12117: 12101: 12097: 12093: 12089: 12083: 12075: 12071: 12065: 12049: 12045: 12039: 12023: 12019: 12013: 12006: 12002: 12001: 11993: 11986: 11982: 11981: 11973: 11958: 11954: 11948: 11940: 11938:9780521597333 11934: 11930: 11929: 11921: 11914: 11909: 11901: 11897: 11891: 11883: 11879: 11873: 11865: 11859: 11843: 11842: 11837: 11831: 11815: 11814: 11809: 11802: 11796: 11792: 11789: 11784: 11768: 11764: 11760: 11754: 11746: 11742: 11738: 11736:91-7155-148-4 11732: 11728: 11727: 11719: 11712: 11706: 11699: 11693: 11686: 11682: 11676: 11672: 11671: 11663: 11655: 11653:9789536359400 11649: 11645: 11644: 11636: 11626: 11610: 11606: 11600: 11594: 11593:954-427-216-X 11590: 11586: 11582: 11578: 11572: 11563: 11554: 11547: 11542: 11534: 11532:9780520015968 11528: 11524: 11520: 11519: 11514: 11508: 11500: 11498:9781400838554 11494: 11490: 11489: 11481: 11466: 11462: 11456: 11449: 11448: 11444:As'ad Ghanem 11441: 11434: 11430: 11424: 11416: 11410: 11406: 11402: 11401: 11396: 11390: 11382: 11381:Yasser Arafat 11375: 11367: 11366: 11361: 11355: 11347: 11346: 11341: 11335: 11319: 11315: 11309: 11305: 11304: 11296: 11289: 11284: 11276: 11270: 11266: 11265: 11257: 11250: 11249: 11242: 11235: 11229: 11223: 11219: 11215: 11210: 11194: 11190: 11184: 11177: 11172: 11156: 11155: 11150: 11143: 11136: 11131: 11124: 11118: 11109: 11103: 11099: 11094: 11093: 11083: 11079: 11075: 11071: 11067: 11063: 11055: 11051: 11047: 11043: 11039: 11035: 11031: 11030:H.J. Van Mook 11025: 11017: 11005: 10990: 10989: 10982: 10976: 10972: 10969: 10964: 10956: 10952: 10946: 10930: 10924: 10922: 10906: 10904:9781443850810 10900: 10896: 10895: 10890: 10884: 10882: 10873: 10872: 10864: 10856: 10854:9781562945312 10850: 10846: 10845: 10837: 10829: 10827:9781387255351 10823: 10819: 10818: 10810: 10802: 10800:9787516616048 10796: 10792: 10791: 10783: 10775: 10773:9781135935627 10769: 10765: 10764: 10756: 10754: 10745: 10743:9780521124331 10739: 10735: 10734: 10726: 10718: 10716:9789882371132 10712: 10708: 10707: 10699: 10684: 10680: 10676: 10672: 10666: 10658: 10654: 10650: 10646: 10645:"Iliyas Shah" 10639: 10632: 10628: 10624: 10620: 10613: 10606: 10599: 10595: 10588: 10587: 10579: 10571: 10567: 10563: 10559: 10558: 10553: 10546: 10539: 10535: 10533:9780962871511 10529: 10525: 10521: 10515: 10508: 10504: 10502:9780520018051 10498: 10494: 10489: 10488: 10482: 10476: 10468: 10464: 10458: 10451: 10445: 10430: 10426: 10420: 10412: 10408: 10402: 10386: 10382: 10378: 10372: 10356: 10352: 10348: 10342: 10335: 10329: 10310: 10303: 10297: 10278: 10271: 10265: 10246: 10242: 10234: 10230: 10224: 10218: 10213: 10197: 10193: 10187: 10171: 10167: 10161: 10145: 10141: 10137: 10130: 10123: 10119: 10116: 10111: 10104: 10098: 10082: 10078: 10077: 10072: 10066: 10050: 10046: 10045: 10040: 10034: 10019: 10015: 10008: 9993: 9989: 9985: 9979: 9963: 9959: 9953: 9938: 9934: 9927: 9912: 9908: 9901: 9885: 9884: 9879: 9873: 9866: 9860: 9852: 9848: 9844: 9840: 9836: 9829: 9823: 9818: 9802: 9795: 9786: 9780: 9776: 9771: 9770: 9761: 9754: 9748: 9741: 9737: 9734: 9729: 9722: 9718: 9714: 9710: 9696: 9692: 9687: 9683: 9679: 9675: 9669: 9653: 9649: 9643: 9637: 9632: 9628: 9620: 9618: 9606: 9602: 9599: 9596: 9592: 9588: 9585: 9584: 9578: 9576: 9567: 9565: 9555: 9553: 9552:South Vietnam 9549: 9548:Ngô Đình Diệm 9537: 9534: 9531: 9527: 9523: 9520: 9517: 9513: 9509: 9505: 9501: 9497: 9493: 9489: 9486: 9485: 9477: 9474: 9472: 9469: 9467: 9464: 9463: 9454: 9453:Joseph Stalin 9450: 9446: 9445: 9440: 9436: 9432: 9428: 9425: 9422: 9418: 9414: 9410: 9406: 9402: 9398: 9394: 9390: 9389: 9384: 9381: 9380: 9373: 9369: 9362: 9353: 9349: 9342: 9325: 9324:Dobrica Ćosić 9322: 9321: 9315: 9313: 9309: 9301: 9300: 9294: 9292: 9288: 9284: 9280: 9279:King of Scots 9276: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9254: 9250: 9246: 9242: 9239: 9236: 9232: 9228: 9224: 9220: 9217: 9214: 9210: 9206: 9202: 9198: 9194: 9193:Dnieper River 9191:south to the 9190: 9186: 9183: 9180: 9176: 9172: 9169: 9168: 9162: 9160: 9156: 9153:of Anatolia. 9152: 9151:Turkification 9148: 9144: 9140: 9139:Seljuk Empire 9136: 9132: 9128: 9120: 9116: 9107: 9105: 9079: 9075: 9065: 9055: 9051: 9050:ancient Korea 9044:Ancient Korea 9041: 9039: 9035: 9031: 9027: 9023: 9019: 9010: 9008: 9004: 9000: 8996: 8992: 8988: 8975: 8971: 8968: 8967: 8961: 8959: 8955: 8951: 8947: 8943: 8933: 8931: 8927: 8923: 8919: 8915: 8911: 8901: 8899: 8895: 8891: 8886: 8883: 8879: 8875: 8872:converted to 8871: 8867: 8863: 8859: 8855: 8851: 8847: 8843: 8839: 8835: 8831: 8828: 8824: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8798: 8794: 8790: 8781: 8779: 8775: 8771: 8762: 8760: 8756: 8752: 8748: 8744: 8740: 8736: 8732: 8728: 8724: 8720: 8711: 8708: 8704: 8695: 8693: 8689: 8688:Kamisese Mara 8685: 8676: 8674: 8670: 8667: 8666:Chief Justice 8655: 8651: 8647: 8644: 8640: 8639:Alfred Deakin 8637: 8634: 8630: 8627: 8624: 8620: 8616: 8615: 8611: 8606: 8594: 8590: 8586: 8582: 8579: 8576: 8572: 8568: 8564: 8561: 8557: 8553: 8552: 8536: 8534: 8530: 8525: 8523: 8514: 8512: 8508: 8504: 8500: 8499:Edward Carson 8496: 8491: 8489: 8485: 8481: 8477: 8473: 8469: 8465: 8464:Great Britain 8461: 8456: 8454: 8450: 8446: 8441: 8437: 8433: 8429: 8425: 8421: 8417: 8413: 8409: 8403: 8399: 8390: 8388: 8384: 8382: 8378: 8374: 8370: 8368: 8364: 8360: 8355: 8354: 8350: 8346: 8344: 8340: 8339:Oleg the Wise 8336: 8334: 8330: 8321: 8319: 8315: 8311: 8307: 8303: 8299: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8283: 8279: 8278: 8267: 8265: 8261: 8257: 8255: 8251: 8247: 8237: 8235: 8231: 8227: 8223: 8219: 8215: 8211: 8207: 8203: 8194: 8185: 8183: 8182:Yugoslav Army 8179: 8175: 8171: 8167: 8163: 8159: 8155: 8151: 8150:Lojze Peterle 8147: 8143: 8139: 8135: 8134:Peter Jambrek 8131: 8127: 8118: 8116: 8112: 8111:Great Moravia 8099: 8095: 8091: 8088: 8085: 8081: 8077: 8073: 8070: 8067: 8063: 8059: 8055: 8051: 8048: 8047: 8041: 8039: 8035: 8031: 8030:island of Rab 8027: 8023: 8022:Saint Marinus 8011: 8007: 8003: 8002:Boris Yeltsin 8000: 7998: 7994: 7993:Soviet Russia 7990: 7987: 7984: 7980: 7976: 7972: 7968: 7964: 7960: 7956: 7953: 7950: 7946: 7942: 7938: 7934: 7930: 7927: 7924: 7920: 7916: 7912: 7908: 7904: 7901: 7898: 7894: 7891: 7887: 7883: 7880: 7879: 7870: 7867: 7864: 7861: 7858: 7855: 7852: 7848: 7845: 7842: 7839: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7824: 7820: 7817: 7814: 7810: 7806: 7801: 7800:great voivode 7797: 7794: 7791: 7787: 7783: 7780: 7777: 7773: 7769: 7765: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7750: 7749: 7740: 7736: 7732: 7728: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7709: 7706: 7702: 7698: 7694: 7690: 7687: 7686: 7677: 7673: 7672:Haller's Army 7669: 7665: 7661: 7657: 7653: 7649: 7646:(the highest 7645: 7641: 7637: 7633: 7629: 7626: 7623: 7619: 7615: 7611: 7608: 7605: 7601: 7597: 7593: 7589: 7586: 7583: 7579: 7578:Germanisation 7575: 7571: 7567: 7563: 7562:Upper Silesia 7559: 7555: 7551: 7550: 7546: 7542: 7538: 7534: 7530: 7526: 7522: 7518: 7515: 7512: 7508: 7505:. He was the 7504: 7500: 7495: 7491: 7487: 7483: 7479: 7475: 7472: 7469: 7465: 7461: 7458:, statesman, 7457: 7454: 7450: 7449:Roman Dmowski 7447: 7444: 7440: 7436: 7432: 7428: 7424: 7420: 7416: 7415:First Marshal 7412: 7408: 7404: 7401: 7400: 7399: 7397: 7389: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7368: 7361: 7357: 7353: 7349: 7345: 7341: 7340:United States 7337: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7321: 7318: 7315: 7311: 7307: 7303: 7299: 7295: 7291: 7288: 7285: 7281: 7277: 7273: 7269: 7265: 7261: 7257: 7253: 7249: 7245: 7241: 7238: 7237: 7233: 7229: 7225: 7221: 7214: 7210: 7206: 7202: 7198: 7194: 7190: 7186: 7182: 7178: 7174: 7170: 7169: 7164: 7160: 7156: 7152: 7148: 7144: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7113: 7109: 7105: 7101: 7097: 7094:by his wife, 7093: 7089: 7085: 7081: 7078: 7075: 7071: 7070: 7065: 7060: 7056: 7052: 7048: 7044: 7041: 7040: 7039: 7037: 7033: 7026: 7022: 7019: 7018: 7017: 7008: 7005: 6997: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6973: 6972: 6968: 6963:This section 6961: 6957: 6952: 6951: 6946: 6942: 6930: 6926: 6922: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6907: 6903: 6900: 6899: 6893: 6891: 6887: 6886:Kiro Gligorov 6878: 6876: 6872: 6868: 6864: 6854: 6852: 6848: 6844: 6832: 6828: 6824: 6820: 6816: 6813: 6810: 6806: 6802: 6799: 6798: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6776: 6770: 6768: 6764: 6760: 6751: 6750: 6741: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6727: 6723: 6719: 6718:Statehood Day 6715: 6702: 6699: 6696: 6692: 6688: 6684: 6681: 6678: 6674: 6671: 6670: 6667:Liechtenstein 6664: 6662: 6658: 6654: 6644: 6642: 6638: 6634: 6630: 6617: 6613: 6609: 6605: 6601: 6597: 6593: 6592: 6587: 6583: 6580: 6576: 6572: 6568: 6564: 6560: 6556: 6552: 6549: 6548: 6542: 6539: 6538: 6535: 6531: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6508: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6495: 6491: 6488: 6485: 6481: 6477: 6476: 6470: 6466: 6463: 6460: 6456: 6455:Julius Caesar 6453: 6451: 6447: 6444:, founder of 6443: 6440: 6439: 6436: 6432: 6418: 6416: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6400: 6399:Éamonn Ceannt 6396: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6383:Easter Rising 6380: 6376: 6372: 6371:Cathal Brugha 6368: 6364: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6344: 6340: 6331: 6329: 6325: 6324:Pater Patriae 6321: 6320:Lajos Kossuth 6317: 6313: 6309: 6305: 6301: 6297: 6293: 6290:who made the 6289: 6285: 6282:According to 6272: 6269: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6254: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6241: 6237: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6222: 6219: 6215: 6214:Rigas Feraios 6212: 6210: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6195: 6194: 6185: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6172: 6169: 6166: 6162: 6159:(594 BC) and 6158: 6155: 6153: 6149: 6146: 6143: 6139: 6135: 6132: 6131: 6120: 6118: 6114: 6110: 6106: 6104: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6081: 6079: 6075: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6055: 6051: 6044: 6040: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6012: 6008: 6005: 6003: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5977: 5973: 5969: 5965: 5961: 5958: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5940: 5936: 5933:(1805–1814), 5932: 5931:King of Italy 5929:(1802–1805), 5928: 5924: 5920: 5917: 5914: 5910: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5895: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5880: 5879:Salian Franks 5876: 5873: 5870: 5866: 5865:Julius Caesar 5862: 5858: 5854: 5853:Vercingetorix 5851: 5850: 5844: 5842: 5838: 5829: 5827: 5823: 5811: 5807: 5803: 5802:Niels Ebbesen 5800: 5797: 5796:Jelling stone 5792: 5789: 5786: 5782: 5778: 5775: 5772: 5771:Gesta Danorum 5768: 5764: 5760: 5756: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5747:Niels Ebbesen 5744: 5738: 5734: 5722: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5698: 5695: 5692: 5688: 5684: 5683:Tomáš Masaryk 5681: 5678: 5674: 5671: 5668: 5665: 5662: 5661:Statehood Day 5658: 5655: 5652: 5648: 5645: 5642: 5638: 5637: 5632: 5628: 5625: 5624: 5618: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5600: 5595: 5593: 5589: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5574: 5571: 5570:autocephalous 5567: 5563: 5560:(1913–1977), 5559: 5547: 5543: 5542:Franjo Tuđman 5540: 5537: 5534: 5531: 5527: 5524: 5521: 5517: 5514: 5513: 5504: 5501: 5498: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5486: 5483: 5480: 5477: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5465: 5462: 5459: 5456: 5453: 5450: 5447: 5444: 5441: 5438: 5435: 5432: 5429: 5426: 5423: 5420: 5417: 5416: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5395: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5381: 5378: 5374: 5370: 5366: 5362: 5359: 5356: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5341: 5338: 5334: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5312: 5311:Christianized 5308: 5305: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5283: 5280: 5276: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5245: 5242: 5238: 5235: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5213: 5212: 5206: 5204: 5191: 5188: 5184: 5181: 5178: 5175: 5174: 5168: 5166: 5162: 5158: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5133: 5129: 5126: 5123: 5122: 5117: 5113: 5110: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5085: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5054: 5052: 5048: 5044: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5022: 5020: 5016: 5012: 5008: 5002: 4998: 4994: 4980: 4978: 4974: 4965: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4954:Lạc Long Quân 4951: 4942: 4940: 4936: 4935:Central Asian 4932: 4928: 4927:Joseph Stalin 4924: 4920: 4919:Uzbek culture 4916: 4912: 4907: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4881: 4877: 4873: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4854: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4808: 4806: 4796: 4794: 4790: 4786: 4782: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4747: 4744: 4741: 4737: 4733: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4712: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4696:Seljuk Empire 4693: 4690: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4669: 4665: 4661: 4658: 4655: 4651: 4650:reunited Siam 4647: 4644: 4642: 4638: 4634: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4620: 4619:Si Inthrathit 4617: 4616: 4610: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4588: 4587:Prince Vijaya 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4552:country to a 4551: 4547: 4543: 4539: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4516: 4514: 4510: 4500: 4498: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4472: 4468: 4464: 4460: 4456: 4452: 4451:Generalissimo 4448: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4410: 4407: 4399: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4375: 4374: 4370: 4365:This section 4363: 4359: 4354: 4353: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4331: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4292:UN resolution 4289: 4285: 4281: 4276: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4258: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4221:Yasser Arafat 4215: 4211: 4210:Yasser Arafat 4207: 4198: 4195: 4190: 4188: 4184: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4124: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4104: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4051: 4049: 4045: 4044:military coup 4041: 4037: 4032: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3967: 3965: 3961: 3952: 3950: 3946: 3945:communist-era 3942: 3938: 3937:Mongol Empire 3934: 3927: 3923: 3914: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3883:Bapa Malaysia 3880: 3876: 3872: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3849: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3822: 3820: 3816: 3806: 3804: 3800: 3795: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3768: 3766: 3765: 3760: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3736: 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3700: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3673: 3669: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3655:Kazakh steppe 3652: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3622: 3619: 3611: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3587: 3586: 3582: 3577:This section 3575: 3571: 3566: 3565: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3532: 3528: 3524: 3519: 3517: 3513: 3507: 3503: 3494: 3492: 3483: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3460: 3453: 3452: 3438: 3437:Emperor Jimmu 3429: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3410: 3408: 3407:Labor Zionism 3404: 3400: 3396: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3385:Theodor Herzl 3379: 3375: 3374:Theodor Herzl 3371: 3362: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3276: 3268:Sutan Sjahrir 3264: 3252: 3240: 3231: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3212: 3210: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3177:Sutan Syahrir 3174: 3170: 3160: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3127: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3112:Sabit Damolla 3104: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3081: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3060: 3057: 3056:autocephalous 3053: 3049: 3046:(1913–1977), 3045: 3027: 3015: 3007:Qin Shi Huang 3003: 2991: 2979: 2970: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2951: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2923: 2922: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2902: 2901:Qin Shi Huang 2891: 2890: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2851: 2848:, one of the 2847: 2843: 2836: 2826: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2805:Jayavarman II 2802: 2800: 2796: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2771: 2761: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2738: 2736: 2732: 2729: 2728:home minister 2725: 2722: 2718: 2715: 2711: 2708: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2649: 2645: 2644:Bengal region 2641: 2637: 2633: 2632: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2581:Aram Manukian 2579: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2541: 2540: 2537: 2533: 2532:Aram Manukian 2529: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2509: 2507: 2506: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2482: 2479:, founder of 2478: 2474: 2460: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2445:Gran Colombia 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2425:Gran Colombia 2422: 2418: 2417:Simón Bolívar 2409: 2407: 2403: 2402:James Madison 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2340: 2339:Pater Patriae 2336: 2332: 2327: 2320:United States 2317: 2315: 2311: 2302: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2287:Simón Bolívar 2284: 2278: 2274: 2273:Simón Bolívar 2270: 2264:South America 2261: 2259: 2258:Simón Bolívar 2255: 2246: 2244: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2224: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2169: 2167: 2163: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2142:of Nicaragua" 2141: 2135: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2117: 2113: 2104: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2092:(1776–1817). 2091: 2087: 2084:(1789–1817), 2083: 2080:(1781–1811), 2079: 2076:(1762–1814), 2075: 2071: 2068:(1765–1815), 2067: 2064:(1783–1816), 2063: 2060:(1774–1811), 2059: 2056:(1769–1811), 2055: 2052:(1753–1811), 2051: 2047: 2037: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2010:Norman Manley 2002: 2001:(1805–1871). 2000: 1996: 1993:(1792–1842), 1992: 1989:(1781–1850), 1988: 1985:(1777–1834), 1984: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1933: 1931: 1921: 1919: 1910: 1908: 1899: 1897: 1893: 1890:(1816–1864), 1889: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1865: 1863: 1859: 1858:(1868–1878). 1857: 1853: 1844: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1817: 1815: 1814:Camilo Torres 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1786:Gran Colombia 1783: 1782:Simón Bolívar 1774: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1741: 1732: 1730: 1729:Eric Williams 1726: 1722: 1718: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1684:Charlottetown 1681: 1675: 1665: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1649: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1622: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1611:Simón Bolívar 1603: 1601: 1597: 1588: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1545: 1543: 1539: 1530: 1528: 1524: 1523:camp follower 1521: 1517: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1447: 1443: 1438: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1351:Simon Muzenda 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1328: 1327: 1326: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1312:Robert Mugabe 1308: 1304: 1300: 1299:Abel Muzorewa 1291: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1263: 1259: 1250: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1231: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1190: 1186: 1174: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1155: 1152: 1150: 1147: 1145: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1110: 1109:Walter Sisulu 1107: 1105: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1096: 1095: 1093: 1088: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1069: 1067: 1058: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1019: 1018:James Mancham 1010: 1008: 1004: 1000: 990: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 959:Thomas Peters 956: 952: 943: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 913: 910: 907: 904: 901: 897: 894: 890: 887: 883: 880: 876: 873: 869: 865: 862: 858: 855: 851: 848: 844: 841: 838: 835: 831: 828: 825: 824: 815: 812: 809: 806: 803: 800: 797: 794: 791: 787: 784: 783: 777: 775: 771: 766: 764: 760: 756: 752: 742: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 706: 704: 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 671: 669: 665: 661: 657: 653: 652:Jomo Kenyatta 644: 642: 638: 637:African Union 634: 633:Kwame Nkrumah 629: 627: 623: 619: 615: 606: 604: 600: 599:Kwame Nkrumah 591: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 560: 558: 554: 545: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 510:Saad Zaghloul 506: 504: 500: 496: 489: 485: 484:Saad Zaghloul 481: 472: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 437: 435: 431: 422: 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 403:Guinea-Bissau 400: 391: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 331: 329: 325: 321: 317: 312: 304: 301: 286: 283: 275: 264: 261: 257: 254: 250: 247: 243: 240: 236: 233: – 232: 228: 227:Find sources: 221: 217: 211: 210: 205:This article 203: 199: 194: 193: 184: 181: 173: 163: 159: 155: 149: 148: 143:This article 141: 132: 131: 122: 113: 109: 106:This list is 104: 97: 96: 91: 89: 82: 81: 76: 75: 70: 65: 56: 55: 51: 44: 37: 33: 19: 13153: 13035: 12966:Patron saint 12926:Coat of arms 12860: 12851: 12844:. Retrieved 12840:the original 12835: 12825: 12805: 12801:Davies, John 12795: 12775: 12771:Davies, John 12765: 12745: 12738: 12718: 12711: 12691: 12684: 12664: 12657: 12632: 12622: 12603: 12597: 12587: 12583: 12582: 12568: 12555: 12546: 12533: 12524: 12517:. Retrieved 12499: 12492: 12480: 12468: 12448: 12441: 12432: 12428: 12422: 12407: 12399: 12391: 12381: 12373: 12361: 12349:. Retrieved 12342: 12333: 12310: 12298:. Retrieved 12294: 12285: 12269: 12260: 12251: 12239:. Retrieved 12235: 12226: 12214:. Retrieved 12212:. 2 May 2004 12207: 12198: 12190: 12182: 12170:. Retrieved 12163: 12154: 12142: 12130:. Retrieved 12125: 12116: 12104:. Retrieved 12091: 12082: 12074:alfreddeakin 12073: 12064: 12052:. Retrieved 12048:the original 12038: 12026:. Retrieved 12021: 12012: 12004: 11999: 11992: 11984: 11979: 11972: 11960:. Retrieved 11956: 11947: 11927: 11920: 11908: 11899: 11890: 11881: 11872: 11858: 11846:. Retrieved 11839: 11830: 11818:. Retrieved 11811: 11801: 11783: 11771:. 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Retrieved 9794: 9768: 9760: 9752: 9747: 9728: 9699:. Retrieved 9695:the original 9685: 9681: 9677: 9673: 9668: 9656:. Retrieved 9652:Congo Planet 9651: 9642: 9631: 9615: 9573: 9561: 9546: 9508:Roman Empire 9442: 9427:Leon Trotsky 9393:Soviet Union 9386: 9348:Soviet Union 9331:Soviet Union 9298: 9295: 9273:It was King 9272: 9124: 9104:Gaecheonjeol 9078:Gaecheonjeol 9047: 9030:Kamehameha I 9016: 8993:kingdoms of 8985:It was King 8984: 8939: 8907: 8887: 8864:, including 8860:sent across 8820: 8801: 8768: 8719:Maori people 8717: 8701: 8682: 8664: 8619:Henry Parkes 8610:Henry Parkes 8571:penal colony 8533:Pope Pius XI 8526: 8520: 8517:Vatican City 8511:Donald Dewar 8492: 8483: 8480:Act of Union 8474:, while the 8457: 8416:Royal Family 8406: 8385: 8371: 8356: 8347: 8337: 8327: 8298:Jonas Furrer 8275: 8273: 8258: 8243: 8233: 8199: 8126:France Bučar 8124: 8108: 8034:Adriatic Sea 8020: 7997:Soviet Union 7945:Zemsky Sobor 7835:Transylvania 7830: 7756:Adriatic Sea 7726: 7671: 7620:, formed in 7602:, formed in 7554:paramilitary 7547: 7393: 7276:early modern 7212: 7189:Red Ruthenia 7166: 7159:Sviatopolk I 7069:Dagome iudex 7067: 7030: 7025:Polans tribe 7015: 7000: 6991: 6976:Please help 6964: 6928: 6925:Eidsvoll Men 6924: 6911:Usually the 6884: 6874: 6866: 6860: 6841: 6759:Anthony Mamo 6757: 6747: 6711: 6695:Lichtenstein 6687:Schellenberg 6650: 6626: 6614:and liberal 6589: 6586:anti-fascist 6573:. Italy was 6544: 6525:Modern Italy 6494:Christianity 6492:, legalized 6483: 6479: 6474: 6469:Roman Empire 6356: 6337: 6323: 6281: 6115:founders of 6108: 6100: 6082: 6047: 5972:World War II 5946:Napoleon III 5835: 5820: 5777:Gorm the Old 5737:Gorm the Old 5697:Václav Havel 5641:Czech nation 5634: 5603:Makarios III 5599:Rauf Denktaş 5597:Conversely, 5596: 5558:Makarios III 5556: 5485:Hristo Botev 5467:Vasil Drumev 5461:Ekzarh Yosif 5455:Vasil Levski 5433:(1799–1871)) 5419:Petar Bogdan 5255:Lower Danube 5200: 5142: 5119: 5112:Janka Kupała 5074:World War II 5060: 5028: 5007:Ismail Kemal 5005: 4997:Ismail Kemal 4971: 4948: 4939:Soviet Union 4908: 4904:Central Asia 4885: 4855: 4841: 4802: 4778: 4767: 4734:(modern-day 4598: 4585: 4538:Lee Kuan Yew 4536: 4528:Lee Kuan Yew 4506: 4503:Saudi Arabia 4494: 4485:Saudi Arabia 4471:Manuel Roxas 4434: 4428: 4417: 4402: 4393: 4378:Please help 4366: 4324:Palestinians 4308:Oslo Accords 4277: 4241:anti-Zionism 4218: 4191: 4159:nation state 4151:Quaid-e-Azam 4144: 4110: 4071: 4033: 4023: 4011:assassinated 3979:independence 3968: 3958: 3933:Genghis Khan 3931: 3926:Genghis Khan 3882: 3878: 3869: 3828: 3812: 3799:Syngman Rhee 3796: 3784:Lee Seonggye 3774: 3763: 3757: 3723: 3676: 3647:westernizers 3633: 3629: 3614: 3605: 3590:Please help 3578: 3520: 3510: 3435: 3411: 3397: 3383: 3353: 3349:Shah of Iran 3291: 3213: 3166: 3157:Indian rupee 3147: 3110: 3089:Makarios III 3085:Rauf Denktaş 3083:Conversely, 3082: 3044:Makarios III 3042: 2995:Yu the Great 2961: 2905: 2871:State of Qin 2868: 2856:Yu the Great 2854: 2839: 2813: 2809:Khmer Empire 2803: 2793: 2767: 2744: 2704: 2699:British rule 2664: 2652: 2647: 2599: 2543:Hayk Nahapet 2510: 2502: 2485: 2415: 2377: 2371: 2344: 2308: 2281: 2252: 2243:dictatorship 2225: 2196: 2191: 2175: 2164: 2154: 2137: 2132: 2119: 2094: 2086:Pedro Moreno 2043: 2008: 1980: 1953: 1927: 1916: 1905: 1886: 1869:Fidel Castro 1866: 1860: 1850: 1823: 1780: 1761: 1717:Errol Barrow 1715: 1700: 1677: 1652: 1646: 1609: 1599: 1594: 1581:independence 1565:World War II 1556: 1553:Errol Barrow 1551: 1536: 1526: 1514: 1504: 1479:libertadores 1477: 1473: 1469: 1451: 1376:Edgar Tekere 1341:Joshua Nkomo 1324: 1297: 1272:independence 1266: 1239:Milton Obote 1237: 1223:its monarchy 1209: 1193: 1154:Desmond Tutu 1104:Oliver Tambo 1089: 1075: 1064: 1036: 1016: 996: 986: 975:Sierra Leone 967:David George 949: 946:Sierra Leone 932:Ahmadu Bello 917: 906:Joseph Tarka 866:Al-Haji Sir 861:Ahmadu Bello 859:Al-Haji Sir 802:Hosea Kutako 767: 757:in 788. The 748: 731:Tripolitania 712: 677: 650: 641:Diallo Telli 630: 612: 597: 578:founded the 576:Yekuno Amlak 566: 551: 507: 495:Muhammad Ali 492: 487: 443: 428: 397: 380:Burkina Faso 342: 339:Burkina Faso 315: 313: 311: 296: 278: 269: 259: 252: 245: 238: 226: 214:Please help 209:verification 206: 176: 167: 144: 116: 85: 78: 72: 71:Please help 68: 13230:Nationality 13089:State flags 13046:Instruments 12584:The Wallace 12547:Blood Royal 11848:22 December 11820:22 December 11615:12 February 11365:Daily Sabah 11324:26 November 11161:14 February 11157:(in German) 11154:Der Spiegel 10994:11 November 10955:India Today 10381:Payvand.com 9997:19 November 9968:25 November 9942:25 November 9916:25 November 9890:25 November 9845:(1): 1–24. 9807:22 November 9658:20 February 9587:Louis Botha 9530:John Davies 9516:Dafydd Iwan 9466:Sam Houston 9429:– Founding 9403:along with 9299:The Wallace 9291:Strathclyde 9287:Malcolm III 9201:Kievan Rus' 9177:prince and 9022:the islands 9020:arrived on 9018:Polynesians 9003:West Saxons 8991:Anglo-Saxon 8825:(622), the 8770:Grand Chief 8759:New Zealand 8735:James Busby 8714:New Zealand 8585:emancipists 8306:Henri Druey 8277:Eidgenossen 8270:Switzerland 8250:Birger Jarl 8180:defeat the 8174:Igor Bavčar 8162:Janez Janša 8158:Milan Kučan 8138:Jože Pučnik 8117:a founder. 8078:during the 7905:, known as 7869:Ferdinand I 7829:(1600) and 7636:Polish Army 7566:World War I 7394:Fathers of 7163:Golden Gate 7016:Legendary: 6857:Netherlands 6819:sovereignty 6683:Hans-Adam I 6304:His dynasty 6161:Cleisthenes 6062:Charlemagne 6048:Before the 5989:Pharnavaz I 5907:(800–814), 5903:(768–814), 5897:Charlemagne 5881:(481–509), 5869:Gallic Wars 5701:Civic Forum 5605:second and 5505:(1851–1895) 5499:(1850–1921) 5493:(1850–1889) 5487:(1848–1876) 5481:(1943–1903) 5475:(1843–1876) 5469:(1841–1901) 5463:(1840–1915) 5457:(1837–1873) 5451:(1834–1879) 5445:(1828–1911) 5439:(1821–1867) 5431:Petar Beron 5427:(1722–1773) 5421:(1601–1674) 5361:Ivan Asen I 5062:Karl Renner 5039:Pere d'Urtx 4931:Great Purge 4866:Transoxiana 4554:first world 4550:third world 4459:Philippines 4420:Philippines 4347:Philippines 4334:Philippines 4306:, the 1993 4095:before the 3840:and Prince 3817:. However, 3771:South Korea 3759:Kim Il-sung 3739:North Korea 3521:He was the 3414:Moshe Dayan 3347:, the last 3201:Netherlands 3091:second and 3019:Sun Yat-sen 2937:Taiwan Area 2907:Sun Yat-sen 2883:Qin dynasty 2860:Xia dynasty 2795:Kaundinya I 2665:Bangabandhu 2605:Azerbaijani 2577:in 2492 BC. 2515:, the last 2491:Afghanistan 2481:Afghanistan 2468:Afghanistan 2457:Hugo Chávez 2238:that ended 2148:within the 2101:Mexico City 2082:Xavier Mina 2058:Juan Aldama 1913:El Salvador 1875:during the 1873:Che Guevara 1166:John Garang 1160:South Sudan 1114:Govan Mbeki 914:(1911–1994) 908:(1932–1980) 902:(1910–1994) 900:S. A. Ajayi 895:(1920–1983) 888:(1917–1998) 881:(1923–2010) 863:(1910–1966) 856:(1909–1987) 849:(1904–1996) 842:(1900–1971) 840:Alvan Ikoku 836:(1903–1972) 829:(1864–1946) 631:He is with 430:David Dacko 376:anti-french 272:August 2023 170:August 2023 13291:Categories 13145:Humanities 12351:15 October 12216:15 October 12172:15 October 12028:2 February 11915:(in Dutch) 11882:G4Media.ro 11773:29 January 11236:pp. 28–29. 11121:Amuzegar, 10817:少数民族入主中国史略 10318:28 October 10286:30 October 9623:References 9421:apotheosis 8821:After the 8747:Royal Navy 8727:Polynesian 8650:federation 8633:Hare-Clark 8575:Australian 8531:signed by 8472:Queen Anne 8436:Brian Boru 8335:in 482 CE 8152:was first 8026:San Marino 8017:San Marino 7969:, founded 7644:harcmistrz 7529:politician 7525:journalist 7490:politician 7456:politician 7338:, and the 7284:Golden Age 7177:strategist 7173:coronation 7168:Szczerbiec 7135:bishoprics 6851:modern era 6838:Montenegro 6744:Luxembourg 6633:Yugoslavia 6403:Tom Clarke 6263:and first 5998:Bagrat III 5919:Napoleon I 5755:Dan (king) 5562:archbishop 5497:Ivan Vazov 5243:in 632 AD. 5029:The first 4958:Hùng Kings 4915:Uzbekistan 4847:Uzbekistan 4843:Amir Timur 4837:Amir Timur 4805:Uzbekistan 4799:Uzbekistan 4793:federation 4718:Kayi tribe 4700:Byzantines 4692:Alp Arslan 4591:Dutugemunu 4558:metropolis 4425:José Rizal 4343:José Rizal 4119:to simply 3707:Kazakh SSR 3686:Khrushchev 3558:Alash Orda 3545:Kazakhstan 3313:Pasargadae 3299:under the 3280:Tan Malaka 3181:Tan Malaka 3048:archbishop 3031:Mao Zedong 2963:Mao Zedong 2939:where the 2669:Bangladesh 2657:) in 1352. 2634:The first 2628:Bangladesh 2615:Bangladesh 2596:Azerbaijan 2585:considered 2382:John Adams 2156:José Núñez 1862:José Martí 1820:Costa Rica 1804:wrote the 1678:The name " 1371:Enos Nkala 1149:Chris Hani 1144:Jacob Zuma 1139:Joe Modise 1013:Seychelles 893:Aminu Kano 832:Professor 770:Mohammed V 588:Menelik II 553:Ngwane III 465:Paul Bolya 394:Cape Verde 242:newspapers 154:improve it 119:April 2012 108:incomplete 74:improve it 13247:Indonesia 13137:By fields 13077:Galleries 12641:0309-2984 12565:"Culture" 12241:10 August 12132:26 August 12106:26 August 12100:Macquarie 11962:10 August 11813:lrytas.lt 11745:238669014 11470:10 August 11435:, page 33 11199:20 August 11014:ignored ( 11004:cite book 10935:19 August 10790:至樂齋詩抄第二部 10683:0362-4331 10570:0135-0536 10564:(1): 54. 10434:10 August 10411:Ucl.ac.uk 10361:10 August 10202:10 August 10176:10 August 9883:La Nación 9851:0002-0206 9691:"History" 9591:Jan Smuts 9526:Welsh Law 9522:Hywel Dda 9512:Yma o Hyd 9431:Politburo 9283:Dál Riada 9175:Varangian 8987:Athelstan 8944:, of the 8894:Byzantine 8749:officer, 8745:with the 8721:consider 8707:president 8565:Governor 8544:Australia 8357:In 1648, 8072:Karađorđe 7961:and then 7935:from the 7913:from the 7886:Varangian 7833:ruler of 7823:Wallachia 7782:Decebalus 7764:Black Sea 7752:Burebista 7689:Viriathus 7668:Blue Army 7614:socialist 7537:Reichstag 7494:statesman 7486:freemason 7407:statesman 7332:Lithuania 7147:Kołobrzeg 7053:princess 7051:Přemyslid 7043:Mieszko I 6994:June 2020 6965:does not 6763:president 6732:which on 6714:Mindaugas 6708:Lithuania 6288:fejedelem 6085:Basic Law 6024:President 5629:, one of 5335:and tsar 5295:and from 5190:Mahmud II 5161:Leopold I 5053:in 1278. 4746:Mahmud II 4639:from the 4582:Sri Lanka 4576:Sri Lanka 4532:Singapore 4519:Singapore 4455:president 4396:June 2020 4367:does not 4271:with the 4263:(PLO), a 4243:; 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