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716:, first met Ramsey, he expressed his interest in learning German. According to Richards, he mastered the language "in almost hardly over a week", although other sources show he had taken one year of German in school. Ramsey was then able, at the age of 19, to make the first draft of the translation of the German text of
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ever made, both in respect of the intrinsic importance and difficulty of its subject, the power and elegance of the technical methods employed, and the clear purity of illumination with which the writer's mind is felt by the reader to play about its subject. The article is terribly difficult reading
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Keynes and Pigou encouraged Ramsey to work on economics as "From a very early age, about sixteen I think, his precocious mind was intensely interested in economic problems" (Keynes, 1933). Ramsey responded to Keynes's urging by writing three papers in economic theory all of which were of fundamental
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of demand for that good. Ramsey poses the question that is to be solved at the beginning of the article: "A given revenue is to be raised by proportionate taxes on some or all uses of income, the taxes on different uses being possibly at different rates; how much should these rates be adjusted in
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Ramsey suggested a way of deriving a consistent theory of choice under uncertainty that could isolate beliefs from preferences while still maintaining subjective probabilities, although Ramsey later noted that "taking the whole field of chance events no generalizations about them are possible
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The main contributions of the model were firstly the initial question Ramsey posed on how much savings should be and secondly the method of analysis, the intertemporal maximisation (optimisation) of collective or individual utility by applying techniques of dynamic optimisation.
1088:. For Ramsey, probability is not related to a disembodied body of knowledge but is related to the knowledge that each individual possesses alone. Thus personal beliefs that are formulated by this individual knowledge govern probabilities, leading to the notions of
544:(top of his class). Easy-going, simple and modest, Ramsey had many interests besides his mathematical and scientific studies. Even as a teenager, Ramsey exhibited both a profound ability and, as attested by his brother, an extremely diverse range of interests:
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and became filled with desire and we came back and lay on two beds side by side she reading, I pretending to, but with an awful conflict in my mind. After about an hour I said (she was wearing her horn spectacles and looking superlatively beautiful in the
1096:. Consequently, subjective probabilities can be inferred by observing actions that reflect individuals' personal beliefs. Ramsey argued that the degree of probability that an individual attaches to a particular outcome can be measured by finding what
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though he was on the verge of plunging into being a mathematical specialist; he was very interested in politics, and well-informed; he had got a political concern and a sort of left-wing caring-for-the-underdog kind of outlook about
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in
Cambridge; the Pykes took Ramsey into their family, taking him on holiday and asking him to be the godfather of their young son. Margaret found herself to be the object of his affection, Ramsey recording in his diary:
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theory of knowledge. He also produced what philosopher Alan Hájek has described as an "enormously influential version of the subjective interpretation of probability." His thought in this area was outlined in the paper
753:
cooperated to try to bring
Wittgenstein back to Cambridge (he had been a student there before World War I). Once Wittgenstein had returned to Cambridge, Ramsey became his nominal supervisor. Wittgenstein submitted the
905:, supporting the idea that within some sufficiently large systems, however disordered, there must be some order. So fruitful, in fact, was Ramsey's theorem that today there is an entire branch of mathematics, known as
1809:, who said that a belief is knowledge if it is true, certain and obtained by a reliable process. This attracted no attention at the time and apparently did not influence reliability theories of the 1960s, 70s, or 80s.
1072:
probabilities. For Keynes, the subjectivity of probabilities does not matter as much, as for him there is an objective relationship between knowledge and probabilities, as knowledge is disembodied and not personal.
901:). A great amount of later work in mathematics was fruitfully developed out of the ostensibly minor lemma used by Ramsey in his decidability proof: this lemma turned out to be an important early result in
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Margaret wanted time to consider his proposition and thus began an uncomfortable dance between them, which contributed to Ramsey's depressive moods in early 1924; as a result, he travelled to Vienna for
618:. As one of the justifications for undertaking the therapy, he asserted in a letter to his mother that unconscious impulses might affect even a mathematician's work. While in Vienna, he made a trip to
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1487:"He was certainly sorry that I went on being religious; he was sorry that I decided to become a priest in the Church of England; sorry indeed, but quite tolerant." Quoted in Mellor, "Ramsey", p. 255
840:. This collection contains only a few letters but a great many drafts of papers and book chapters, some still unpublished. Other papers, including his diary and letters and memoirs by his widow
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entry devoted to it, as "one of the dozen or so most influential papers of the 20th century" in the field of academic economics, "A Mathematical Theory of Saving" was originally published in
746:. Wittgenstein made some corrections to the English translation in Ramsey's copy and some annotations and changes to the German text that subsequently appeared in the second edition in 1933.
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for an economist, but it is not difficult to appreciate how scientific and aesthetic qualities are combined in it together." The Ramsey model is today acknowledged as the starting point for
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described them in 1970 as "three great legacies – legacies that were for the most part mere by-products of his major interest in the foundations of mathematics and knowledge."
655:
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Wittgenstein credits Ramsey's criticism of the
Tractatus in the "interminable conversations" they had as having helped him realise "grave mistakes" within the work.
938:, so removed Russell's and Whitehead's ramified hierarchy, which was meant to elude semantic paradoxes. Ramsey's version of the theory is the one considered by
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gave the name "the Ramsey Effect" to anyone's realisation that their splendid new philosophical discovery already existed within Frank Ramsey's body of work.
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Ramsey disagreed with this approach. In his article "Truth and
Probability" (1926), he argued that there is a difference between the notions of
626:'s experimental school four hours from Vienna at Sonntagsberg. In the summer of 1924, he continued his analysis by joining Reik at Dobbiaco (in
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and an active member in the
Apostles. In 1923, he received his bachelor's degree in mathematics, passing his examinations with the result of
53:
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in 1944 (1947 2nd ed.), although after Ramsey's death, an approach to probability similar to his was developed independently by the
Italian
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whilst at the same time ensuring that its costs are adequately covered. This is achieved by setting the price such that the markup over
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Despite the fact that Ramsey's work on probabilities was of great importance, no one paid any attention to it until the publication of
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acted as examiners. Later, the three of them arranged financial aid for
Wittgenstein to help him continue his research work.
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In 1926 he became a university lecturer in mathematics and later a
Director of Studies in Mathematics at King's College. The
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787:. The contributions of Ramsey to these conversations were acknowledged by both Sraffa and Wittgenstein in their later work.
86:
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was made the Frank Ramsey
Professor of Economics in 1994 and Frank Ramsey Professor Emeritus of Economics in 2010 at the
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in August 1925, the wedding taking place in a
Register Office since Ramsey was, as his wife described him, a 'militant
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68:
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Sahlin, N.-E. (1996), "He is no good for my work": On the philosophical relations between Ramsey and Wittgenstein, in
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On truth : original manuscript materials (1927-1929) from the Ramsey Collection at the University of Pittsburgh
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at a steady rate and of Harrod-neutral technical progress again at a steady rate, giving birth to a model named the
516:. His mother was Mary Agnes Stanley (1875–1927). He was the eldest of two brothers and two sisters, and his brother
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importance, though it was many years before they received their proper recognition by the community of economists.
869:). While this theorem is the work Ramsey is probably best remembered for, he proved it only in passing, as a minor
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The Decision Analysis Society annually awards the Frank P. Ramsey Medal to recognise substantial contributions to
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934:(TST) or Simple Type Theory. Ramsey observed that a hierarchy of types was sufficient to deal with mathematical
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57:
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1957:
Bradley, Richard (2001). "Ramsey and the measurement of belief". In Corfield, David; Williamson, Jon (eds.).
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who made major contributions to all three fields before his death at the age of 26. He was a close friend of
293:
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1108:(consider e.g. infectious diseases, dactyls in hexameters, deaths from horse kicks, births of great men)".
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order that the decrement of utility may be a minimum?" The problem was suggested to him by the economist
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1209:" to determine the optimal amount an economy should invest rather than consume so as to maximise future
93:
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223:
2850:, ed by M. Sintonen, Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of Sciences and the Humanities, Amsterdam, 61–84
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in London at the age of 26. There is a suspicion that the cause of his death might be an undiagnosed
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Perhaps the first formulation of a reliability account of knowing appeared in a brief discussion by
685:, Ramsey was "quite tolerant" towards his brother when the latter decided to become a priest in the
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521:
1755:(1931). '"Über formal untentscheidbare Sätze der Principia Mathematica und verwandter Systeme I".
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manifesto (1929) lists three of his publications in a bibliography of closely related authors.
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was made the first Frank P. Ramsey Professor (of Managerial Economics) at Harvard University.
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In 1929 Ramsey and Wittgenstein regularly discussed issues in mathematics and philosophy with
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would go on to show that the general case of the decision problem for first-order logic is
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to visit Wittgenstein, at that time teaching in a primary school in the small community of
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958:, in which any explicit reference to types is eliminated from the language of the theory.
8:
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although its importance was not recognised until many years after its first publication.
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Knowledge and Inquiry: Essays on Jaakko Hintikkas Epistemology and Philosophy of Science
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1999:, London: Kegan, Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company
1861:, London: Kegan, Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company
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889:, as well as a characterisation of the spectrum of sentences in this fragment of logic.
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as "a landmark in the economics of public finance" In the same, Ramsey contributed to
1013:(discussed below) which was written in 1926 but first published posthumously in 1931.
622:
in order to visit Wittgenstein, was befriended by the Wittgenstein family and visited
602:. Like many of his contemporaries, including his Viennese flatmate and fellow Apostle
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2015:
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with which Ramsey, an avid swimmer, could have become infected while swimming in the
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742:. For two weeks Ramsey discussed the difficulties he was facing in understanding the
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a 1978 BBC radio portrait of Ramsey and a 1995 article derived from it, both by
2950:
1672:. Nicholas Rescher, Ulrich Majer (Eds.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
610:), Ramsey was intellectually interested in psychoanalysis. Ramsey's analyst was
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economist who had been brought to Cambridge by Keynes after Sraffa had aroused
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by Frank Plumpton Ramsey, edited by R. B. Braithwaite, preface by G. E. Moore"
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2001:
1942:
1925:
1863:
520:, the only one of the four siblings who was to remain Christian, later became
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into English. He was also influential in persuading Wittgenstein to return to
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3023:
2372:"Review: Foundations: Essays in Philosophy, Logic, Mathematics and Economics"
2213:
2127:
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1961:. Applied Logic Series. Vol. 24. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 263–290.
1879:
Samuelson, Paul A. (1970). "What Makes for a Beautiful Problem in Science?".
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Keynes described the article as "one of the most remarkable contributions to
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and his father, are held in the Modern Archives, King's College, Cambridge.
662:, the qualification for membership of which was a completed psychoanalysis.
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along the way to his true goal in the paper, solving a special case of the
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He was interested in almost everything. He was immensely widely read in
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Samuelson, P (1970). "What Makes for a Beautiful Problem in Science?".
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Cambridge Pragmatism: From Peirce and James to Ramsey and Wittgenstein
1213:, or as Ramsey put it, "how much of its income should a nation save?"
781:'s ire by publishing an article critical of the Fascist regime in the
726:. Ramsey was impressed by Wittgenstein's work and after graduating as
2162:(Summer 2019 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
1795:(Winter 2016 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
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Foundations – Essays in Philosophy, Logic, Mathematics and Economics
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2042:"In Praise of Frank Ramsey's Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"
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and its application to important classes of real decision problems.
642:. He joined a Psychoanalysis Group in Cambridge with fellow members
35:
2982:
2880:
2435:
Duarte, Pedro G (2009a). "Frank P. Ramsey: A Cambridge Economist".
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1831:(Fall 2019 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
807:
774:
553:
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1101:
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1030:
935:
858:
735:
682:
670:
211:
185:
1634:
1633:
Cheryl Misak, "Frank Ramsey: A Genius By All Tests for Genius",
1607:
See Gabriele Taylor (in Galavotti 2006, 1–18) and Duarte (2009a)
1237:
modified the Ramsey model incorporating the dynamic features of
528:
in 1915 and later returned to Cambridge to study mathematics at
1281:
was made the Frank P. Ramsey Professor of Political Economy at
731:
207:
1989:
F.P. Ramsey (1928) "Further Considerations", in Ramsey, 1931,
1768:
Quine, W.V. (1937), "New Foundations for Mathematical Logic".
1448:
Quoted from Ramsey's Diary, 13 January 1924 by Forrester, 2004
673:'. The marriage produced two daughters. After Ramsey's death,
2245:
1851:
F.P. Ramsey (1926) "Truth and Probability", in Ramsey, 1931,
1085:
803:
615:
333:
1205:
described it, "a strategically beautiful application of the
946:. Ramsey's Theory of Simple Types was further simplified by
810:
after an abdominal operation and died on 19 January 1930 at
27:
British philosopher, mathematician and economist (1903–1930)
3002:
Shooting Star: The Brief and Brilliant Life of Frank Ramsey
2562:
Cambridge and Vienna: Frank P. Ramsey and the Vienna Circle
1135:
1097:
677:
opened a photography studio in Cambridge with photographer
455:
2016:"La prévision: ses lois logiques, ses sources subjectives"
1430:. Special Collections Department, University of Pittsburgh
1142:
This paper, first published in 1927 has been described by
1025:
Ramsey's three papers, described below in detail, were on
1068:(1921), Keynes argued against the subjective approach in
492:
and Cambridge. Like Wittgenstein, he was a member of the
446:
1992:
The Foundations of Mathematics and other Logical Essays
1854:
The Foundations of Mathematics and other Logical Essays
1725:
Ramsey, F.P. (1926). "The Foundations of Mathematics".
1154:. This is applicable in situations where a (regulated)
829:
in Cambridge; his parents are buried in the same plot.
3053:
BBC Radio 3 programme discussing the legacy of Ramsey.
1926:"Frank Plumpton Ramsey and the Politics of Motherhood"
1293:
Schools. Zeckhauser's chair is in the Kennedy School.
1645:
A Guide to Churchill College, Cambridge: text by Dr.
452:
1320:
512:(1867–1954), also a mathematician, was President of
482:
and, as an undergraduate, translated Wittgenstein's
443:
1245:where the objective now is to maximise household's
634:. Ramsey returned to England in October 1924; with
449:
440:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2832:Rescher, Nicholas and Ulrich Majer (eds.) (1991).
2252:.reprinted in: Keynes J.M. (2010) "F. P. Ramsey",
1742:(Fall 2018 Edition), E. N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <
1178:
1175:and the paper was Ramsey's answer to the problem.
1002:(1929). Ramsey was perhaps the first to propose a
909:, which is dedicated to studying similar results.
912:In 1926, Ramsey proposed a simplification of the
836:for the Archives of Scientific Philosophy at the
3067:
2803:The Foundations of Mathematics, and other Essays
2728:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2505:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2405:The Foundations of Mathematics, and other Essays
2154:"Ramsey and Intergenerational Welfare Economics"
832:Ramsey's notes and manuscripts were acquired by
3041:Better than the Stars/Frank Ramsey: a biography
2710:. Archived from the original on 22 January 2016
2487:. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023
1744:https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/type-theory/
1561:
1527:
1496:
897:and that first-order logic is undecidable (see
1727:Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society
1285:in 1971. Raiffa's chair was joint between the
1269:
496:, the secret intellectual society, from 1921.
2466:"Frank Ramsey's Notes on Saving and Taxation"
1781:
1702:"Frank Plumpton Ramsey Papers | Digital Pitt"
2639:Newman, P (1987). "Ramsey, Frank Plumpton".
2575:, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
1616:
463:; 22 February 1903 – 19 January 1930) was a
2963:Frank Ramsey (1903–1930): A Sister's Memoir
2641:The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics
2628:The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics
2573:The Search for Mathematical Roots 1870–1940
2234:Keynes, J. M. (March 1930). "F. P. Ramsey".
584:One afternoon I went out alone with her on
2739:"A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"
2099:"A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation"
2013:
1930:Journal of the History of Economic Thought
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699:
144:
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2513:
2425:
2397:
2062:
1941:
1878:
930:. The resulting theory is known today as
593:style) 'Margaret will you fuck with me?'
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
3111:Cambridge University Moral Sciences Club
2595:"Cambridge Philosophers I: F. P. Ramsey"
2148:
2036:
1257:
1137:A Contribution to the Theory of Taxation
1055:
2996:
2843:, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
2565:, Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.
2463:
2434:
2159:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1956:
1923:
1828:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1792:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
504:Ramsey was born on 22 February 1903 in
14:
3068:
2931:Frank Ramsey: A Sheer Excess of Powers
2772:
2736:
2678:
2651:
2638:
2592:
2535:10.1111/j.0011-1562.2004.t01-1-00560.x
2331:Frank Ramsey: A Sheer Excess of Powers
2182:
2096:
1658:
1416:, Oxford University Press, 2016, p. 3.
1039:optimal growth in a one-sector economy
966:His main philosophical works included
875:decision problem for first-order logic
3136:People educated at Winchester College
2925:
2369:
2325:
2178:
2176:
2092:
2090:
1874:
1872:
1847:
1845:
1820:
1757:Monatshefte für Mathematik und Physik
1114:Theory of Games and Economic Behavior
852:
827:Parish of the Ascension Burial Ground
3146:Fellows of King's College, Cambridge
3141:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
2960:
2902:
2020:Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré
1623:. Basil Blackwell Ltd. p. viii.
575:, then on the point of founding the
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
3091:20th-century British mathematicians
3029:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
2625:
1983:
1740:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1738:Coquand, T. (2018). "Type Theory".
1598:Quoted in Mellor, "Ramsey", p. 245,
1573:. Suppl. 7: 153–170. Archived from
1192:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
861:proved by Ramsey in his 1928 paper
24:
2896:
2658:Aristotelian Society Supplementary
2291:
2173:
2087:
1869:
1842:
1425:
1000:General propositions and causality
638:'s support, he became a fellow of
567:In 1923, Ramsey was befriended by
392:Ramsey–Dvoretzky–Milman phenomenon
25:
3197:
3096:20th-century British philosophers
3017:
2681:"A Mathematical Theory of Saving"
2185:"A Mathematical Theory of Saving"
1995:, Ch. VIII, p.210,211, edited by
1166:is inversely proportional to the
1100:the individual would accept when
69:"Frank Ramsey" mathematician
3004:. Amazon Digital Services, Inc.
2671:10.1093/aristoteliansupp/7.1.153
1857:, Ch. VII, p.156-198, edited by
1823:"Interpretations of Probability"
1370:Theorem on friends and strangers
1323:
1304:
883:Bernays–Schönfinkel–Ramsey class
630:), where a fellow analysand was
562:Michael Ramsey, Quoted in Mellor
540:with distinction, and was named
436:
417:Bernays–Schönfinkel–Ramsey class
34:
3166:20th-century British economists
3116:British philosophers of science
2427:10.1090/s0002-9904-1932-05470-2
2319:
2273:
2262:
2228:
2142:
2030:
2007:
1950:
1917:
1814:
1775:
1762:
1749:
1732:
1719:
1694:
1659:Ramsey, Frank Plumpton (1991).
1652:
1639:
1627:
1610:
1601:
1180:A Mathematical Theory of Saving
532:. There he became a student of
250:
45:needs additional citations for
2908:"The Man Who Thought Too Fast"
2841:The Philosophy of F. P. Ramsey
2775:"On a Problem in Formal Logic"
2256:. Palgrave Macmillan, London,
1592:
1555:
1521:
1490:
1481:
1451:
1442:
1419:
1403:
797:
756:Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
723:Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
485:Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
13:
1:
2363:
2156:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
1825:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
1789:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
1770:American Mathematical Monthly
1635:https://hnn.us/article/174250
1617:Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1963).
1463:Helen Muspratt - Photographer
1048:Ramsey's economic views were
980:Universals of law and of fact
961:
942:in the original proof of his
734:of 1923 he made a journey to
151:
3181:Wittgensteinian philosophers
3051:Maths and philosophy puzzles
3036:Frank Plumpton Ramsey Papers
2869:Journal of Political Economy
2626:Newbery, D. "Ramsey model".
2473:History of Political Economy
2437:History of Political Economy
2379:Journal of Political Economy
1967:10.1007/978-94-017-1586-7_11
1882:Journal of Political Economy
1620:Philosophical Investigations
1530:"Foundations of Mathematics"
1016:
944:first incompleteness theorem
863:On a Problem of Formal Logic
792:Philosophical Investigations
7:
1345:Expected utility hypothesis
1316:
1270:Frank Ramsey Professorships
1223:optimal accumulation theory
806:problems, Ramsey developed
10:
3202:
3161:Analysands of Theodor Reik
2464:Duarte, Pedro G. (2009b).
1959:Foundations of Bayesianism
1787:"Reliabilist Epistemology"
1515:10.1093/mind/xxxiv.136.401
1428:"Frank P. Ramsey's Papers"
1243:Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans model
1201:in 1928. It employed, as
976:redundancy theory of truth
881:of what is now called the
407:Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans model
367:Redundancy theory of truth
224:Trinity College, Cambridge
3057:A photo of Ramsey's grave
2611:10.1017/s0031819100065396
2485:10.1215/00182702-2009-048
2449:10.1215/00182702-2009-035
2269:Decision Analysis Society
2014:de Finetti, Buno (1937).
1943:10.1017/S105383722100033X
1309:In 1999, the philosopher
1252:
1065:A Treatise on Probability
974:(1927) (which proposed a
640:King's College, Cambridge
425:
352:
329:Philosophy of mathematics
314:
309:King's College, Cambridge
304:
292:
282:
272:
268:
260:
235:
218:
192:
159:
143:
136:
2794:10.1112/plms/s2-30.1.264
2654:"Facts and Propositions"
2514:Forrester, John (2004).
1706:digital.library.pitt.edu
1649:, pages 62 and 63 (2009)
1564:"Facts and Propositions"
1562:Frank P. Ramsey (1927).
1549:10.1112/plms/s2-25.1.338
1528:Frank P. Ramsey (1926).
1497:Frank P. Ramsey (1925).
1396:
1360:Structural Ramsey theory
838:University of Pittsburgh
758:as his doctoral thesis.
522:Archbishop of Canterbury
2961:Paul, Margaret (2012).
2935:Oxford University Press
2834:F. P. Ramsey: On Truth
2335:Oxford University Press
2002:1999 electronic edition
1864:1999 electronic edition
1661:"EDITORS' INTRODUCTION"
1299:University of Cambridge
1150:the elegant concept of
948:Willard van Orman Quine
847:
790:In the introduction to
700:Ramsey and Wittgenstein
606:(also in analysis with
499:
277:20th-century philosophy
2853:Sahlin, N.-E. (2005),
2839:Sahlin, N.-E. (1990),
2782:Proc. London Math. Soc
2569:Grattan-Guinness, Ivor
2183:Ramsey, F. P. (1928).
2097:Ramsey, F. P. (1927).
1785:; Beddor, Bob (2016),
1537:Proc. London Math. Soc
1380:History of type theory
1218:mathematical economics
1207:calculus of variations
1090:subjective probability
1041:(1928). The economist
1027:subjective probability
972:Facts and propositions
922:Alfred North Whitehead
740:Puchberg am Schneeberg
595:
565:
362:Theory of simple types
3121:Probability theorists
3106:Analytic philosophers
3086:People from Cambridge
2859:, a special issue of
2800:Ramsey, F.P. (1931),
2773:Ramsey, F.P. (1929).
2737:Ramsey, F.P. (1927).
2679:Ramsey, F.P. (1928).
2652:Ramsey, F.P. (1927).
2593:Mellor, D.H. (1995).
2414:Bull. Amer. Math. Soc
2280:Frank P. Ramsey Medal
1729:, s2–25 (1), 338–384.
1390:Bayesian epistemology
1258:Frank P. Ramsey Medal
1057:Truth and Probability
1010:Truth and Probability
932:Theory of Simple Type
927:Principia Mathematica
582:
546:
510:Arthur Stanley Ramsey
432:Frank Plumpton Ramsey
164:Frank Plumpton Ramsey
3101:Atheist philosophers
2820:, Humanities Press,
2812:Ramsey, F.P. (1978)
2579:Keynes, John Maynard
2516:"Freud in Cambridge"
2237:The Economic Journal
2193:The Economic Journal
2107:The Economic Journal
2050:The Economic Journal
1924:Marouzi, S. (2022).
1821:Hájek, Alan (2019),
1231:Tjalling C. Koopmans
1198:The Economic Journal
1094:Bayesian probability
865:now bears his name (
825:He is buried in the
730:in the Mathematical
577:Malting House School
54:improve this article
2836:, Dordrecht, Kluwer
2587:Essays in Biography
2285:13 May 2016 at the
2254:Essays in Biography
2038:Stiglitz, Joseph E.
1385:Frederick Rowbottom
1365:Quantum Bayesianism
784:Manchester Guardian
751:John Maynard Keynes
718:Ludwig Wittgenstein
636:John Maynard Keynes
534:John Maynard Keynes
480:Ludwig Wittgenstein
377:Ramsey–Lewis method
299:Analytic philosophy
3131:English economists
3081:English socialists
2523:Critical Quarterly
2306:www.econ.cam.ac.uk
2299:"CURRICULUM VITAE"
2064:10.1111/ecoj.12187
1807:F.P. Ramsey (1931)
1580:on 31 October 2020
1571:Proc. Aristot. Soc
1283:Harvard University
1279:Richard Zeckhauser
1158:wants to maximise
1144:Joseph E. Stiglitz
853:Mathematical logic
802:Suffering chronic
712:, both Fellows of
608:Siegfried Bernfeld
552:; he was enjoying
550:English literature
526:Winchester College
494:Cambridge Apostles
412:Keynes–Ramsey rule
287:Western philosophy
3126:Combinatorialists
3045:David Hugh Mellor
2972:978-1-85463-248-7
2944:978-0-19875-535-7
2904:Gottlieb, Anthony
2856:Ramsey's Ontology
2808:R. B. Braithwaite
2370:Arrow, K (1980).
2344:978-0-19875-535-7
1976:978-90-481-5920-8
1426:Ramsey, Frank P.
1239:population growth
1123:Oskar Morgenstern
1104:on that outcome.
887:first-order logic
687:Church of England
514:Magdalene College
508:where his father
429:
428:
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3193:
3176:Senior Wranglers
3076:English atheists
3013:
2976:
2965:. Smith-Gordon.
2948:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2892:
2875:(6): 1372–1377.
2797:
2779:
2769:
2746:Economic Journal
2743:
2733:
2727:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2694:(152): 543–559.
2688:Economic Journal
2685:
2675:
2673:
2648:
2635:
2622:
2605:(272): 243–262.
2557:Galavotti, M. C.
2553:
2551:
2549:
2543:
2537:. Archived from
2520:
2510:
2504:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2470:
2460:
2431:
2429:
2411:
2399:Bernstein, B. A.
2394:
2376:
2357:
2356:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2315:on 28 July 2014.
2314:
2308:. Archived from
2303:
2295:
2289:
2277:
2271:
2266:
2260:
2244:(157): 153–154.
2232:
2226:
2225:
2200:(152): 543–559.
2189:
2180:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2150:Dasgupta, Partha
2146:
2140:
2139:
2103:
2094:
2085:
2084:
2066:
2057:(583): 235–268.
2046:
2040:(1 March 2015).
2034:
2028:
2027:
2011:
2005:
1997:R.B. Braithwaite
1987:
1981:
1980:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1889:(6): 1372–1377.
1876:
1867:
1859:R.B. Braithwaite
1849:
1840:
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1838:
1836:
1818:
1812:
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1587:
1585:
1579:
1568:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1534:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1509:(136): 401–417.
1494:
1488:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1465:. Archived from
1455:
1449:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1423:
1417:
1407:
1333:
1331:Biography portal
1328:
1327:
1326:
1287:Harvard Business
1247:utility function
1168:price elasticity
1160:consumer surplus
1130:Bruno de Finetti
1119:John von Neumann
1035:optimal taxation
996:Causal Qualities
918:Bertrand Russell
899:Church's theorem
867:Ramsey's theorem
834:Nicholas Rescher
779:Benito Mussolini
764:Bertrand Russell
614:, a disciple of
563:
462:
461:
458:
457:
454:
451:
448:
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402:Ramsey's theorem
372:Ramsey sentences
254:
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174:22 February 1903
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3190:
3066:
3065:
3020:
2973:
2955:Simon Blackburn
2945:
2916:
2914:
2899:
2897:Further reading
2777:
2758:10.2307/2222721
2741:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2711:
2700:10.2307/2224098
2683:
2589:, New York, NY.
2547:
2545:
2541:
2518:
2498:
2497:
2490:
2488:
2468:
2409:
2374:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2345:
2337:. p. xxv.
2324:
2320:
2312:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2287:Wayback Machine
2278:
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2267:
2263:
2233:
2229:
2206:10.2307/2224098
2187:
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2147:
2143:
2120:10.2307/2222721
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1495:
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1486:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1469:on 18 July 2016
1457:
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1452:
1447:
1443:
1433:
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1424:
1420:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1355:Ramsey cardinal
1329:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1311:Donald Davidson
1307:
1295:Partha Dasgupta
1272:
1264:decision theory
1260:
1255:
1187:Partha Dasgupta
1183:
1148:economic theory
1140:
1060:
1019:
964:
952:New Foundations
914:Theory of Types
855:
850:
800:
728:Senior Wrangler
702:
665:Ramsey married
652:Harold Jeffreys
564:
561:
542:Senior Wrangler
530:Trinity College
502:
439:
435:
421:
355:
348:
317:
256:
253: 1925)
248:
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196:19 January 1930
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18:Frank P. Ramsey
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3038:
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3019:
3018:External links
3016:
3015:
3014:
2994:
2991:David Papineau
2971:
2958:
2943:
2923:
2912:The New Yorker
2898:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2881:10.1086/259716
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2830:
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2798:
2770:
2752:(145): 47–61.
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2590:
2576:
2566:
2559:(Ed.) (2006),
2554:
2544:on 22 May 2011
2511:
2479:(3): 471–489.
2461:
2443:(3): 445–470.
2432:
2420:(9): 611–612.
2395:
2391:10.1086/260894
2385:(3): 636–638.
2365:
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2227:
2172:
2141:
2114:(145): 47–61.
2086:
2029:
2006:
1982:
1975:
1949:
1936:(4): 489–508.
1916:
1895:10.1086/259716
1868:
1841:
1813:
1783:Goldman, Alvin
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1203:Paul Samuelson
1182:
1177:
1152:Ramsey pricing
1139:
1134:
1059:
1054:
1043:Paul Samuelson
1018:
1015:
963:
960:
854:
851:
849:
846:
842:Lettice Ramsey
812:Guy's Hospital
799:
796:
706:I. A. Richards
701:
698:
681:. Despite his
679:Helen Muspratt
675:Lettice Ramsey
660:James Strachey
648:Lionel Penrose
644:Arthur Tansley
604:Lionel Penrose
600:psychoanalysis
559:
518:Michael Ramsey
501:
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3171:Vienna Circle
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3022:
3021:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2998:Sabbagh, Karl
2995:
2992:
2988:
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2980:
2974:
2968:
2964:
2959:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2927:Misak, Cheryl
2924:
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2022:(in French).
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65:Find sources:
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43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3027:
3024:Frank Ramsey
3001:
2962:
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2915:. Retrieved
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2586:
2583:F. P. Ramsey
2572:
2560:
2546:. Retrieved
2539:the original
2526:
2522:
2501:cite journal
2489:. Retrieved
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2009:
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1772:, 44: 70–80.
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1709:. Retrieved
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1582:. Retrieved
1575:the original
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1506:
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1499:"Universals"
1492:
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1471:. Retrieved
1467:the original
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1434:19 September
1432:. Retrieved
1421:
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1410:Cheryl Misak
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771:Piero Sraffa
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632:Lewis Namier
612:Theodor Reik
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344:Epistemology
305:Institutions
198:(1930-01-19)
138:Frank Ramsey
131:
116:
107:
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90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3156:1930 deaths
3151:1903 births
2861:Metaphysica
2818:D.H. Mellor
2788:: 264–286.
2664:: 153–170.
2529:(2): 1–26.
2491:28 December
1647:Mark Goldie
1543:: 338–384.
1459:"Biography"
1375:Type theory
1340:Clique game
1078:probability
1037:(1927) and
1004:reliabilist
857:One of the
798:Early death
749:Ramsey and
710:C. K. Ogden
628:South Tyrol
591:Burne Jones
538:first class
468:philosopher
397:Ramsey test
339:Metaphysics
3070:Categories
3061:Findagrave
3010:B00BBJCUUW
2977:(Reviews:
2599:Philosophy
2364:References
2353:1102642049
2166:17 October
2026:(1): 1–68.
1835:19 October
1799:17 October
1584:20 January
1473:29 January
1350:Money pump
1235:David Cass
1156:monopolist
968:Universals
962:Philosophy
956:set theory
940:Kurt Gödel
895:unsolvable
760:G.E. Moore
624:A.S. Neill
490:philosophy
170:1903-02-22
80:newspapers
2889:154344155
2714:5 January
2619:143786971
2581:(1933), "
2457:144949987
2403:"Review:
2258:p.335–336
2214:0013-0133
2128:0013-0133
2073:0013-0133
1911:154344155
1070:epistemic
1050:socialist
1017:Economics
984:Knowledge
936:paradoxes
924:in their
744:Tractatus
714:Magdalene
586:Lake Orta
557:politics.
506:Cambridge
476:economist
219:Education
204:Southwark
178:Cambridge
3000:(2013).
2983:Ray Monk
2929:(2020).
2917:27 April
2826:77-26864
2816:, (ed.)
2806:, (ed.)
2647:: 41–46.
2634:: 46–48.
2571:(2000),
2401:(1932).
2329:(2020).
2283:Archived
2152:(2019),
2081:13147636
1711:30 April
1688:21909907
1317:See also
1033:(1926),
994:(1929),
992:On Truth
990:(1929),
988:Theories
986:(1929),
982:(1928),
970:(1925),
859:theorems
808:jaundice
620:Puchberg
569:Geoffrey
560:—
554:classics
261:Children
150:Ramsey,
110:May 2023
2863:, No. 3
2766:2222721
2708:2224098
2548:26 July
2250:2223657
2222:2224098
2136:2222721
1903:1830631
1291:Kennedy
1211:utility
1189:, in a
1102:betting
1084:and in
1082:physics
1031:utility
950:in his
775:Italian
736:Austria
683:atheism
671:atheist
465:British
255:
247:
230:, 1923)
212:England
186:England
94:scholar
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1253:Legacy
732:Tripos
474:, and
294:School
283:Region
236:Spouse
208:London
96:
89:
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2885:S2CID
2778:(PDF)
2762:JSTOR
2742:(PDF)
2704:JSTOR
2684:(PDF)
2615:S2CID
2542:(PDF)
2519:(PDF)
2469:(PDF)
2453:S2CID
2410:(PDF)
2375:(PDF)
2313:(PDF)
2302:(PDF)
2246:JSTOR
2218:JSTOR
2188:(PDF)
2132:JSTOR
2102:(PDF)
2077:S2CID
2045:(PDF)
1907:S2CID
1899:JSTOR
1664:(PDF)
1578:(PDF)
1567:(PDF)
1533:(PDF)
1397:Notes
1086:logic
871:lemma
804:liver
773:, an
704:When
616:Freud
334:Logic
249:(
245:
101:JSTOR
87:books
3006:ASIN
2967:ISBN
2939:ISBN
2919:2020
2822:LCCN
2730:link
2716:2024
2550:2010
2507:link
2493:2023
2349:OCLC
2339:ISBN
2210:ISSN
2168:2019
2124:ISSN
2069:ISSN
1971:ISBN
1837:2019
1801:2019
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1713:2021
1684:OCLC
1674:ISBN
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920:and
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193:Died
160:Born
154:1921
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