LGBT rights in Poland

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lub zbieżnej z instytucją małżeństwa. Uzupełniony tym zwrotem przepis konstytucyjny "miał pełnić rolę instrumentu zapobiegającego wprowadzeniu takiej regulacji do prawa polskiego" (A. Mączyński, Konstytucyjne podstawy prawa rodzinnego, s. 772). Innego motywu jego wprowadzenia do Konstytucji RP nie da się wskazać (szeroko w tym zakresie B. Banaszkiewicz, "Małżeństwo jako związek kobiety i mężczyzny", s. 640 i n.; zob. też Z. Strus, Znaczenie artykułu 18 Konstytucji, s. 236 i n.). Jak zauważa A. Mączyński istotą tej regulacji było normatywne przesądzenie nie tylko o niemożliwości unormowania w prawie polskim "małżeństw pomiędzy osobami tej samej płci", lecz również innych związków, które mimo tego, że nie zostałyby określone jako małżeństwo miałyby spełniać funkcje do niego podobną (A. Mączyński, Konstytucyjne podstawy prawa rodzinnego, s. 772; tenże, Konstytucyjne i międzynarodowe uwarunkowania, s. 91; podobnie L. Garlicki, Artykuł 18, w: Garlicki, Konstytucja, t. 3, uw. 4, s. 2, który zauważa, że w tym zakresie art. 18 nabiera "charakteru normy prawnej").

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konkubinatu, a w szczególności do związku osób o różnej płci, odpowiadającego od strony faktycznej stosunkowi małżeństwa (którym w myśl art. 18 Konstytucji jest wyłącznie związek osób różnej płci). Tego rodzaju interpretację Sąd Najwyższy, orzekający w niniejszej sprawie, w pełni podziela i nie znajduje podstaw do uznania za przekonywujące tych wypowiedzi pojawiających się w piśmiennictwie, w których podejmowane są próby kwestionowania takiej interpretacji omawianego pojęcia i sprowadzania go wyłącznie do konkubinatu (M. Płachta, K. Łojewski, A.M. Liberkowski). Rozumiejąc bowiem dążenia do rozszerzającej interpretacji pojęcia "wspólne pożycie", użytego w art. 115 § 11 k.k., należy jednak wskazać na całkowity brak w tym względzie dostatecznie precyzyjnych kryteriów.

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which he called for law enforcement agencies to check the legal and illegal sources of financing of the organizations of homosexual activists. He accused LGBT organisations of being involved with paedophiles and the illegal drug trade. He also wished to check if homosexual organisations penetrated Polish schools. In response to this, the State Prosecutor ordered all prosecutors to carefully check the financing of LGBT organizations, their alleged connections to criminal movements and their presence in schools. On 2 June 2006, a complaint about Wierzejski's statements had been rejected by the Warsaw district prosecutor, because "the statements cannot be treated as threatening or encouraging to crime".

769:) on the interpretation of the term "a person who has lived actually in cohabitation with the tenant" was issued with regard to the case of a gay man who was the partner of a deceased person, the main tenant of the apartment. The Court interpreted the law in a way that recognised the surviving partner as authorised to take over the right to tenancy. The Court stated that the person actually remaining in cohabitation with the tenant - in the meaning of Article 691 § 1 of the Civil Code - is a person connected with the tenant by a bond of emotional, physical and economic nature. This also includes a person of the same sex. Previously, in March 2010, the 4223:

podkreśla się, że art. 18 Konstytucji ustala zasadę heteroseksualności małżeństwa, będącą nie tyle zasadą ustroju, co normą prawną, która zakazuje ustawodawcy zwykłemu nadawania charakteru małżeństwa związkom pomiędzy osobami jednej płci (vide: L. Garlicki Komentarz do art. 18 Konstytucji, s. 2-3 Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Komentarz, Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, Warszawa 2003). Jest wobec tego oczywiste, że małżeństwem w świetle Konstytucji i co za tym idzie - w świetle polskiego prawa, może być i jest wyłącznie związek heteroseksualny, a więc w związku małżeńskim małżonkami nie mogą być osoby tej samej płci.

3202: 3191: 3077: 9309: 3688: 3702: 3126:, condemned the stickers. The Warsaw District Court ordered that distribution of the stickers should halt pending the resolution of a court case. However, Gazeta's editor dismissed the ruling saying it was "fake news" and censorship, and that the paper would continue distributing the sticker. Gazeta continued with the distribution of the stickers, but modified the decal to read "LGBT Ideology-Free Zone". 41: 3668: 3644: 3630: 3538: 3390: 3370: 3355: 3650: 3616: 3596: 3581: 3567: 3553: 3519: 3504: 3483: 3463: 3448: 3433: 3419: 3405: 729: 701: 673: 645: 617: 589: 561: 269:. Opinion polls on the public perception of LGBTQ rights in Poland have been contradictory, with many showing large support for registered partnerships, and some indicating a majority of opponents. The general trend however is an increase in the support for registered partnerships and same-sex marriage. Many left-wing and liberal political parties, namely the 2597:, stated that she was "deeply concerned about the propagation of negative and inflammatory homophobic narratives by many public officials in Poland, including people in the highest ranks of government... Stigmatisation and hate directed at certain individuals or groups of people carry a real risk of legitimising violence, sometimes with fatal consequences." 905:

because any surgery resulting in infertility is prohibited by Polish law (as stated in Polish Penal Code: Kodeks Karny art. 156 §1), with a few exceptions in cases such as uterine cancer or myoma. That is, castration on request is illegal and transgender individual must first seek a legal change, since just a medical diagnosis from a doctor is not enough.

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literature. In another interview abroad, he invited the interviewer to Warsaw to visit one of the many gay clubs in the capital. He also confirmed that there are some homosexuals in his own party, but said they would rather not open their private lives to the public. This was also confirmed by the Member of the European Parliament from PiS,

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generally ineffective. State authorities, predominantly the government ruling since 2015, have endeavoured to deprive anti-discrimination provisions (mostly enacted in the process of implementation of EU law) of any practical significance, whereas courts were neither eager nor able to resist this process, to put it delicately.

293:, have expressed support for the gay rights movement. Legalization of same-sex partnerships is also a part of political programme of Civic Coalition and the Third Way for the 2023 parliamentary elections. In November 2023, a same-sex married couple issued Polish courts to rectify the legality of same-sex marriages. 984: 2953:, as well as by the Union of Polish Teachers, who organized a march through Warsaw (attended by 10,000 people) condemning the Ministry's policy. The bill was not voted on, and the Government soon failed, leading to new parliamentary elections in which the League of Polish Families won no parliamentary seats. 2794:. He said: "I think that this kind of propaganda should not take place in schools, it has to be calmly and consistently opposed", and that "f such a law was created and would be well written, I do not exclude that I would approach it seriously." Such a law would violate the Polish Constitution and the 4217: 4080:

Z przeprowadzonej powyżej analizy prac nad Konstytucją RP wynika jednoznacznie, że zamieszczenie w art. 18 Konstytucji RP zwrotu definicyjnego "związek kobiety i mężczyzny" stanowiło reakcję na fakt pojawienia się w państwach obcych regulacji poddającej związki osób tej samej płci regulacji zbliżonej

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In September 2020, ambassadors from 50 countries stationed in Poland published an open letter " tribute to the hard work of LGBTI and other communities in Poland and around the world" and calling to "end discrimination in particular on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity". Polish Prime

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Biedroń has spoken of significant societal change towards homosexuality and LGBT people. He had occasionally been publicly beaten on the streets and insulted, but said in 2018 that residents now smile and greet him. As a mayor, Biedroń marries local couples. "I’m extremely jealous because I see their

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printer acted illegally when he refused to print banners for an LGBT business group. The court argued that the principle of equality meant the printer did not have the right to withhold services from the business. The court also ruled that sexual orientation, race or other features of a person cannot

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approved the bill allowing gay and lesbian couples to register their relationship. Parties to a civil union under the bill would have been given a great range of benefits, protections and responsibilities (e.g. pension funds, joint tax and death-related benefits), currently granted only to spouses in

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This brief overview concentrates on some problematic issues regarding the interpretation of provisions implementing the EU general principle of equal treatment.58 However, the overall picture emerging from these detail-focused considerations is that the principle of equal treatment in Poland appears

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party, was asked if he would hire a homosexual. He answered that he would not care about personal relationships, as long as the person who was to be hired was not running around half-naked. Andrzej Duda also stated that "matters that are vital for society are not dealt with while others, undoubtedly

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said that gay MPs should sit at the back of the Parliament or even behind a wall and should not have important positions in Parliament. He also said that pride parades should not take place in the city centres, but in the suburbs of cities. The former president also stated that minorities should not

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had higher levels of opposition. A poll in July 2009 showed that 87% of Poles were against gay adoption. A poll from 23 December 2009 for Newsweek Poland reported another shift towards more positive attitudes. Sixty percent of respondents stated that they would have no objections to having an openly

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In 2005 the Ministry of Health has changed the laws regarding blood donation, eliminating the "risk groups" that included gay men, and replaced them with "risk behaviours" such as frequent changes in sexual partners, or having sexual relations with a HIV-positive persons. As "risk behaviours" can be

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who called the ruling "against freedom" and "state violence in service of the ideology of homosexual activists". Ziobro filed a case with the Constitutional Tribunal to recognize the provision on the basis of which the printer was convicted as unconstitutional. On 26 June 2019, the Tribunal issued a

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states that "Marriage, being a union of a man and a woman, as well as the family, motherhood and parenthood, shall be placed under the protection and care of the Republic of Poland." This has led to much debate over whether or not it is a definitive ban on same-sex marriage. A ruling in 2019 from an

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Ustawa o świadczeniach zdrowotnych finansowanych ze środków publicznych nie wyjaśnia, co prawda, kto jest małżonkiem. Pojęcie to zostało jednak dostatecznie i jasno określone we wspomnianym art. 18 Konstytucji RP, w którym jest mowa o małżeństwie jako o związku kobiety i mężczyzny. W piśmiennictwie

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politicians at the parade, saying that "they are not serious politicians, but just gays and a couple of baton strikes will deter them from coming again. Gays are cowards by definition." A day later, he wrote a letter to the Minister of the Interior and Administration and the Minister of Justice, in

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indicated that Polish public opinion was overwhelmingly opposed to same-sex marriage and to adoption by same-sex couples. A 2006 Eurobarometer poll found that 74% and 89% of Poles respectively were opposed to same-sex marriage and adoption by same-sex couples. Of the EU member states surveyed, only

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In 2008, the National Blood Center proposed regulations banning blood donation by gay and bisexual men, and addition of a question "Have you, as a man, ever had any sexual relations with another men?" into the mandatory pre-donation questionaries. The proposal was quickly rejected by the Institute

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A transgender individual must face a number of obstacles before having their legal gender changed, such as suing their parents. On the basis of offered further evidence (such as a medical diagnosis, medical records, witness/parental statements, etc.) a court may either pass sentence or refuse to do

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The major opposition to introducing same-sex marriages or civil unions comes from the Roman Catholic Church, which is influential politically, holding a considerable degree of influence in the state. The Church also enjoys immense social prestige. The Church holds that homosexuality is a deviation.

2930:" and because "these books were criticising the legal situation in most European countries, including Poland, in relation to non-recognition of gay marriage as being a form of discrimination". The new director of the centre said that "homosexual practices lead to drama, emptiness and degeneracy." 2727:

gay rights activist, Brendan Fay and Tom Moulton, which Kaczyński had not sought permission to use. The presidential address outraged left-wing political parties and gay rights activists, who subsequently invited the two to Poland and demanded apologies from the President, which he did not issue.

2621:(Samoobrona). The politicians of these parties have often been labelled as "homophobic" by LGBT rights activists, both before and after the 2005 elections. Prominent government figures have made several homophobic and unscientific comments with regards to homosexuality, and have tried to suppress 904:

Legal gender changes have been performed since the 1960s. Transgender people seeking to change their legal gender must receive a medical diagnosis. Only after the legal gender has been changed does a transgender individual gain the right to undergo sex reassignment surgery. The reason for this is

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Constitutional bans on same-sex marriage are now applicable in ten European countries: Article 32, Belarus Constitution; Article 46 Bulgarian Constitution; Article L Hungarian Constitution, Article 110, Latvian Constitution; Article 38.3 Lithuanian Constitution; Article 48 Moldovan Constitution;

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Jarosław Kaczyński has been less harsh in his descriptions of homosexuality. In one interview, he stated that he had always been "in favour of tolerance" and that "the issue of intolerance towards gay people had never been a Polish problem". He said he did not recall gays being persecuted in the

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On 17 March 2008, Kaczyński delivered a presidential address to the nation on public television, in which he described same-sex marriage as an institution contrary to the widely accepted moral order in Poland and the moral beliefs of the majority of the population. The address featured a wedding

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In 2004 and 2005, Warsaw officials denied permission to organize it, because of various reasons including the likelihood of counter-demonstrations, interference with religious or national holidays, and the lack of a permit. Despite this, about 2,500 people marched illegally on 11 June 2005. Ten

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A 2008 study revealed that 66% of Poles believed that gay people should not have the right to organize public demonstrations, 69% of Poles believed that gay people should not have the right to show their way of life. Also, 37% of Poles believed that gay people should have the right to engage in

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concluded that "the LGBTI community in Poland faces widespread and ingrained discrimination across the country" and that "Poland's legal system falls dangerously short when it comes to protecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) people and other minority groups from hate

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In 2007, an anti-discrimination law was under preparation by the Ministry of Labour that would prohibit discrimination on different grounds, including sexual orientation, not only in work and employment, but also in social security and social protection, health care, and education, although the

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in the early 1920s. Although kept secret and devoid of legal recognition, their commitment was founded on loyalty, the presumption of permanence, and a 'friendship for life oath' that included vows never to separate, to defend and support each other, and to maintain the confidentiality of their

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nie dopuszcza więc związków jednopłciowych. Małżeństwo (jako związek kobiety i mężczyzny) uzyskało w prawie krajowym RP odrębny status konstytucyjny zdeterminowany postanowieniami art. 18 Konstytucji. Zmiana tego statusu byłaby możliwa jedynie przy zachowaniu rygorów trybu zmiany Konstytucji,

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more severely than other minority groups and acknowledged that many eminent Polish celebrities and public figures of that era were widely known to be homosexual. Jarosław Kaczyński also remarked that there are a lot of gay clubs in Poland and that there is a substantial amount of gay press and

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A poll conducted in April 2024 by United Surveys showed growing support for recognition of same-sex families in Poland with 50% of respondents supported same-sex marriage and 66% supported same-sex civil partnership. 86% of supporters of the ruling coalition supported same-sex marriage and 97%

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Between 2015 and 2020, the Polish government has worked to reduce the effectiveness of the anti-discriminatory protections granted to LGBT people under EU law. Examining recent anti-discrimination cases, legal scholar Marcin Górski found that "the principle of equal treatment in Poland appears

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In November 2018, following government pressure and threats, more than 200 schools cancelled a planned anti-bullying campaign called "Rainbow Friday", which the Campaign Against Homophobia had promoted in hopes of building greater acceptance for LGBT students in Poland and fighting hatred and

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provision of and access to goods and services would only be subject to a prohibition of discrimination on grounds of race or ethnic origin. On 1 January 2011, a new law on equal treatment entered into force. It prohibits sexual orientation discrimination in employment only. In September 2015,

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While Poland possesses no specific law on cohabitation, it does have a few provisions in different legal acts or Supreme Court rulings that recognise relations between unmarried partners and provides said partners specific rights and obligations. For example, Article 115(11) of the Penal Code

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W dotychczasowym orzecznictwie Sądu Najwyższego, wypracowanym i ugruntowanym zarówno w okresie obowiązywania poprzedniego, jak i obecnego Kodeksu postępowania karnego, a także w doktrynie (por. wypowiedzi W. Woltera, A. Zolla, A. Wąska), pojęcie "wspólne pożycie" odnoszone jest wyłącznie do

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52.5% thought that the current scale of promotion of gay content is excessive, 27.9% thought that pictures of gay parades or practices disgust them, 22.3% thought that the media blur the true image of homosexuality and 29.3% thought that gay content is not a private matter of the homosexual

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proposed recognition for same-sex civil partnerships. Opposition parties won most seats in the parliament and senate, giving hope to the LGBT community that the bill might be approved. But some analysts say that even if the bill is passed, it may still get vetoed by conservative president

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In March 2021, the Polish government announced a new law that banned the adoption of children by same-sex couples. The law will also require authorities to vet candidates applying for adoption as a single parent to ensure that they are not cohabitating with someone of the same sex.

2922:, the Deputy Prime Minister of Poland and Minister of Education, dismissed Mirosław Sielatycki, the director of the National In-Service Teacher Training Centre, because "a lot of books were encouraging teachers to organize meetings with LGBT non-governmental organizations such as 2763:

stated that his opinion about homosexual people changed when he met a Polish gay emigrant in London. The man stated that he "fled from Poland because he was gay and would not have freedom in his country". Marcinkiewicz concluded that he would not want anyone to flee from Poland.

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administrative court concluded that the language in Article 18 does not explicitly ban same-sex marriage. The justification of the ruling regarding the meaning of Article 18 is not binding. The sentence is binding only on the parties in the proceedings. Earlier judgments of the

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guarantees equality in accordance with the law and prohibits discrimination based on "any reason". The proposal to include a prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation in the Constitution was rejected in 1995, after strong Catholic Church objections.

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portal that openly gay personnel would face social difficulty, especially for higher ranks, as for "commanding staff - officers and high-ranking NCOs - admitting to same-sex attraction would mean losing respect - qualities without which you simply cannot be a commander".

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released a document which recommended the creation of counseling centres "to help people who want to regain their sexual health and natural sexual orientation". It insists that the scientific consensus that conversion therapy is ineffective and potentially harmful to be

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In July 2015, the Polish Sejm approved a transgender recognition bill. Under the bill, transgender people would have been able to change gender without any physical interventions, but would have required statements from mental health experts that they are suffering from

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The Polish ministry of Justice is funding a campaign for "counteracting crimes related to the violation of freedom of conscience committed under the influence of LGBT ideology", which is meant to protect people who "suffer under the pressure of new leftist ideologies".

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of less than 10,000 every year, until 2015 when the parade attracted 18 thousand attendees. Since then, attendance has increased dramatically, culminating in the 2018 parade which attracted 45,000 attendees. On 8 June 2019, around 50,000 people marched in the event.

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the drafters of the 1997 Polish Constitution included a legal definition of a marriage as the union of a woman and a man in the text of the constitution in order to ensure that the introduction of same-sex marriage would not be passed without a constitutional

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that "we are waiting with hope for the next letter, this time in defense of murdered Christians, imprisoned #ProLife activists, people dismissed from work and persecuted for quoting the Bible, people subjected to euthanasia against their will."

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In a CBOS opinion poll from August 2013, a majority (56%) of respondents stated that "homosexuality is always wrong and can never be justified". 26% stated that there is nothing wrong with it and can always be justified". 12% were indifferent.

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for homosexuals and heterosexuals, which was set at 15. Poland provides LGBT people with the same rights as heterosexuals in certain areas: gay and bisexual men are allowed to donate blood, gays and bisexuals are allowed to serve openly in the

4457: 762:) uses the term "the closest person", which covers romantic relations that are not legally formalised. The status of "the closest person" gives the right of refusal to testify against the partner. The term "partner" includes same-sex couples. 2519:

The 2023 Eurobarometer found that 50% of Polish people thought same-sex marriage should be allowed throughout Europe (45% disagreed), and 55% agreed that "there is nothing wrong in a sexual relationship between two persons of the same sex".

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In November 2020 a law was proposed to only allow married couples to adopt. This would make it impossible for same-sex couples to adopt, due to same-sex marriage not being allowed in Poland. Demonstrations were unable to be held, due to the

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Historian Kamil Karczewski has documented a homosexual relationship that could be considered the first known case of a same-sex marriage in Poland's history. This union involved Marian Kuleszyński and Stefan Góralski, residents of the

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According to Gregory E. Czarnecki, there are some similarities between antisemitism and homophobia in Polish nationalist discourse, especially that both groups are seen as deviant and diseased as well as a threat to the nation.

337:) decriminalized consensual same-sex acts. The decision had already been taken in the early 1920s and represented the success of long-lasting transnational advocacy. Homosexual prostitution remained illegal. According to lawyer 2817:

called the LGBT rights movement a "foreign imported threat to the nation". During a lecture on patriotism, Kaczynski also said "everyone must accept Christianity". That same month, after an activist displayed posters of the

2735:, as the Prime Minister of Poland, stated that "people with such preferences have full rights in Poland, there is no tradition in Poland of persecuting such people". He also asked the President of the European Commission, 1068:

In 2010, an IIBR opinion poll conducted for Newsweek Poland found that 43% of Poles agreed that openly gay people should be banned from military service. 38% thought that such a ban should not exist in the Polish military.

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have ruled that Article 18 of the Constitution limits the institution of marriage to opposite-sex couples, and that the legalization of same-sex marriage would require a constitutional amendment. Poland does not recognise

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states that "Marriage, as a union of a man and a woman, shall be placed under the protection and care of the Republic of Poland." According to several jurists, this article bans same-sex marriage. The Supreme Court, the

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proposed a bill that would have banned homosexual people from the teaching profession and would also have allowed sacking those teachers who promote "the culture of homosexual lifestyle". At that time, Giertych was the

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The legal situation of non-heterosexual and transsexual persons in Poland: International standards for the protection of LGBT persons human rights and compliance therewith from standpoint of the Commissioner for Human

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In 2007, PBS conducted an opinion poll associated with Roman Giertych's speech at a meeting of EU education ministers in Heidelberg. The pollster asked respondents if they agreed with Minister Giertych's statements:

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be the basis for refusal to offer a service, but that freedom of conscience and religion must also be taken into account. The Campaign Against Homophobia welcomed the ruling, but it was condemned by Justice Minister

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for Dr. Natalia Zimniewicz, 30% of Poles wanted a ban on public promotion of gay content, and 17.3% would not support that ban, but would want another form of limiting the freedom of promotion of such information.

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During the coronavirus pandemic in April 2020, several LGBT activists began handing out rainbow facemasks within certain of the concerned local government areas as a direct protest of the "LGBT-free zoning".

2891:, Deputy Minister of Education, stated that an international project organized by LGBT NGOs and financially supported by the European Commission Youth Programme would lead to the "depravity of young people". 341:, these provisions were applied very broadly to homosexual couples to prevent them living together; any type of gift or paying for a partner's food, clothing, or lodging could be interpreted as prostitution. 374:

in Poland, though cohabiting same-sex couples do enjoy certain limited benefits, namely in the tenancy of a shared household, the right not to testify against the partner and residency rights under EU law.

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voted to reject five proposed bills that would have introduced civil partnerships for both opposite-sex and same-sex couples. The High Court later issued an opinion stating that the bills proposed by the

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rejected the call, saying that "tolerance belongs to Polish DNA... Nobody needs to teach us tolerance, because we are a nation that has learned such tolerance for centuries", while senior politician

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was strongly disapproving towards LGBT legislation when it was the ruling party in Poland in 2007–2015, as of late its leaders have started expressing more favourable stances towards the community.

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In October 2018, the Supreme Administrative Court ruled that a lesbian couple may register their 4-year-old boy as their child. Polish media described the case as "the first of its kind in Poland".

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art. 18 Konstytucji RP, który definiuje małżeństwo jako związek kobiety i mężczyzny, a tym samym wynika z niego zasada nakazująca jako małżeństwo traktować w Polsce jedynie związek heteroseksualny.

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connected with the leftist ideology, are being pushed forward. They are, in my view, destroying the traditional family which, since the dawn of mankind, has assured its development and endurance."

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Homosexuality is a deviation, we cannot promote as a normal relationship one between persons of the same sex in teaching young people, because objectively they are deviations from the natural law.

6487: 445:, with 235 MPs voting against debating the bill, and 185 MPs voting for. In May 2015, the Sejm again refused to deal with the topic, with 215 MPs voting against and only 146 for. Prime Minister 328:

remained in power. They mostly criminalized male same-sex acts, though the Austrian code included broader provisions against so-called "same-sex fornication" and was also used against women.

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happiness. I’m 15 years with my partner and it’s still a dream. It’s not fair that in 2018 two adults cannot get married if they love each other and are committed to each other.", he said.

261:. There is a visible gay scene with clubs all around the country, most of them located in large urban areas. There are also several gay rights organizations, the two biggest ones being the 7569: 2582:

impose themselves upon the majority. Wałęsa could not have been accused of inciting to hatred because the Polish Penal Code does not include inciting to hatred against sexual orientation.

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Since 1995. Birth certificates are immutable. Instead, an addendum is appended in the birth certificate wrt. the sex change court order and legal name change. Proposed to faster change

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practice. The MPs plan to introduce the bill to the Polish Parliament where it will have its first reading in the upcoming months. Such a ban would implement the recommendation of the

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Since the 1990s, lesbian, gay and bisexual people are not banned from military service and discrimination against them is officially forbidden. However, there is an unwritten rule of "

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condemned the arrest as "just another example of the constant harassment" and said that the activist "now faces up to two years in prison if found guilty under these absurd charges".

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A CBOS opinion poll from February 2014 found that 70% of Poles believed that same-sex sexual activity "is morally unacceptable", while only 22% believed it "is morally acceptable".

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As of 2019, a bill is pending in Parliament to provide penalty enhancements if a crime is motivated by the victim's gender, gender identity, age, disability or sexual orientation.

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W doktrynie prawa konstytucyjnego wskazuje się nadto, że jedyny element normatywny, dający się odkodować z art. 18 Konstytucji, to ustalenie zasady heteroseksualności małżeństwa.

2633:"Let's not be misled by the brutal propaganda of homosexuals' postures of tolerance. It is a kind of madness, and for that madness, our rule will indeed be for them a dark night" 6886: 4924: 5493: 4788: 3303:

In recent years, the parade has attracted widespread support from corporations and regional governments. The main partner of the 2018 parade was the regional Government of the

975:. The draft bill aims to ban using, promoting or advertising conversion practices. It will also prohibit promoting people or entities that offer, use, advertize or promote the 5405: 3494:(2018), EU countries are required to recognize all marriages performed in other EU countries for some residency purposes. Proposed to recognize Same-sex marriage from abroad. 8111: 7909: 7119: 4902: 8092: 4336: 6402: 6351: 2535:

The parties on the left of the political scene generally approve of the postulates of the gay rights movement and vote in favour of LGBT legislation. The New Left, Modern,

8205: 405:

relationship. This discovery marks a significant milestone in Poland's LGBTQ+ history, offering insights into the complexities of same-sex relationships in earlier times.

9230: 6523: 3006:

supports LGBT rights, including same-sex marriage and civil unions. A prominent party member is a gay activist, former member of the Sejm (2011–2014) and former Mayor of

9097: 8175: 9247: 9213: 5468: 441:

were all unconstitutional, as Article 18 of the Constitution protects marriage. In December 2014, the Sejm refused to deal with a civil partnership bill proposed by

478:

notified the Polish government of cases filed by Polish same-sex couples, inviting the Polish government to present its position on the issue (Andersen v. Poland).

9203: 7640: 5714: 4832: 1044:

A survey from 2005 found that 89% of the population considered homosexuality an unnatural activity. Nevertheless, half believed homosexuality should be tolerated.

6923: 6005: 253:

Acceptance for LGBT people in Polish society increased in the 1990s and the early 2000s, mainly amongst younger people and those living in larger cities such as

8643: 4267: 1008:

performed by a person regardless of gender or sexuality, that ensured legal right for queer people to donate blood as long as they have met other requirements.

8727: 8467: 7930: 5279: 1023:. In a response letter later the same month RCKiK Bydgoszcz has made a choice to reevaluate their questionaries in favour of more non discriminatory language. 6989: 9017: 8932: 468: 8544: 8334: 6506: 6062: 9722: 9122: 7843: 7715: 6031: 5875:

Kulpa, Roberto (2020). "Antisemitism and Homophobia in Polish Liberal Discourses: The Cultural Logic of Comparison and a Proposal for Intersectionality".

5239: 7896: 5163: 5141: 5119: 5097: 5075: 8441: 6484: 234:, PiS focused on countering alleged Western "LGBT ideology". Encouraged by national PiS politicians, by April 2020, 100 municipalities (including five 8710: 193:

ruled that the provision of Polish Petty Offence Code, which made it illegal to deny goods and services without "a just cause", was unconstitutional.

8918: 5640:↑ Craig A. Rimmerman: Gay rights, military wrongs: political perspectives on lesbians and gays in the military. New York: Garland Pub., 1996, s. 13. 4624: 8863: 8621: 6444: 2852:

had signed, saying that it was "an attempt to sexualize children by force" and "raise children who will be given away to pedophiles at some point".

2589:

has highlighted "homophobic statements by leading public figures, creating an atmosphere of hate and intolerance" since 2007. In December 2020, the

1019:) has included questions about same sex relations among both men and women in their mandatory questionaries, as brought to attention in a letter by 9345: 9136: 8984: 7283: 6566: 5901: 5763: 4370: 1115: 7781: 7577: 3179: 2933:

On 21 May 2006, Roman Giertych said that "LGBT organizations are sending transsexuals to kindergartens and asking children to change their sex".

2590: 5851: 2412: 449:

said that civil partnerships were an issue for the next Parliament to deal with. A new partnership bill was proposed on 12 February 2018 by the

8776: 2523:

An Ipsos poll in June 2024 have found that 67% of Poles support the right of same-sex couples to marry or legally register their relationship.

7872: 7214: 5983: 2512:

4% believe that their national government effectively combats prejudice and intolerance against LGBTI people (33%) — the lowest rate in the EU

8518: 7296: 6774: 6588: 5792: 4319: 204:, and as such, public perception and acceptance of the LGBT community are strongly influenced by Catholic moral doctrines. Article 18 of the 8149: 5371: 4110:

Article 71 Montenegrin Constitution; Article 18 Polish Constitution; Article 62 Serbian Constitution; and Article 51 Ukrainian Constitution.

945:

results in being automatically assigned as "permanently and completely unfit for military service, both in the time of conflict and peace".

8040: 7359: 6687: 2478: 467:

members states must grant married same-sex couples, where at least one partner is an EU citizen, full residency rights and recognise their

6748: 9083: 8876: 7698: 7318: 5447: 5049: 4353: 3014:. He has been described as a young, rising political star in Poland, and is viewed as a frontrunner for the presidency. Former President 7407: 6827: 6628: 5295: 7543: 4932: 4846: 9069: 7262: 7236: 7096: 6167: 5540: 2509:

19% say that LGBTI prejudice and intolerance has dropped in their country in the last five years (40%); 68% say they have risen (36%)

7168: 5402: 4123: 2559:, are generally against any changes in legislation. Out of these, PiS takes the strongest oppositional stance on homosexual issues. 2516:

According to the survey, Poland has the largest gap in the EU between life satisfaction of LGBTI people and the general population.

9282: 8817: 7127: 5528: 5512: 2910:. While condemning the parade, he stated the "deviants" should be "hit with batons". He also commented on the possible presence of 985:

United Nations Independent Expert on Protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity

365: 128: 8308: 6468: 4197: 3863: 2474:

survey conducted in March 2023 showed that 54% of Poles supported LGBT rights, such as same-sex marriage, while 38% were opposed.

7747: 7510: 6852: 6800: 6719: 6355: 3133:

organization launched a campaign to counter the attacks. Some 10,000 people signed a petition shortly after the campaign launch.

3108:

the party has focused on countering Western "LGBT ideology". Several Polish municipalities and four Voivodeships made so-called "

2838: 2803: 417:

a marriage, although they would not have been allowed to adopt children. The bill lapsed in the 2005 general election, however.

9473: 5345: 3833: 3815: 3763: 3182:, "Far from being merely words on paper, these declarations and charters directly impact the lives of LGBTI people in Poland." 2884: 2618: 2548: 393: 214: 8206:"45 tysięcy osób w Paradzie Równości. "Walczymy o siebie, o naszych przyjaciół, o nasze dzieci". Relacje pięknych uczestników" 8183: 4511:

Hildebrandt, Achim (2014). "Routes to decriminalization: A comparative analysis of the legalization of same-sex sexual acts".

3122:

newspaper issued "LGBT-free zone" stickers to readers. The Polish opposition and diplomats, including US Ambassador to Poland

9403: 9294: 8740: 8697: 8115: 6703: 5884: 4410: 2827: 8677:

Karczewski, Kamil. (2022). “Call Me by My Name:” A “Strange and Incomprehensible” Passion in the Polish Kresy of the 1920s.

5960: 2485:

83% often or always avoid holding hands with their same-sex partner (61% in the EU at large) — second-highest rate in the EU

9338: 7626: 6910: 4997: 177:, and transgender people are allowed to change their legal gender following certain requirements, which include undergoing 17: 5687: 5627: 3293:

In 2005, 33% of the Warsaw population were for the organisation of the Parada Równości. In 2008, that figure fell to 25%.

2647:"If a person tries to infect others with their homosexuality, then the state must intervene in this violation of freedom." 2215: 1085: 6678: 3977: 2795: 7732: 7014: 5722: 5613: 5591: 4868: 2696:, Waldemar Bonkowski, a leading member of PiS, hung up a banner that read, "Today it’s gays and lesbians – what’s next, 9265: 8594: 8569: 7819: 7040: 5837: 3740: 3316: 3105: 3097: 2876: 2861: 2606: 482: 231: 223: 8670:

Karczewski, Kamil. (2022). Transnational Flows of Knowledge and the Legalisation of Homosexuality in Interwar Poland.

8493: 8096: 2945:

and the Minister of Education. The proposition gained a lot of attention in the media and was widely condemned by the

954: 356:

partners. Homosexual prostitution was legalized in 1969. Homosexuality was removed from the list of diseases in 1991.

9717: 9610: 9423: 9218: 6009: 5927: 5645: 5185: 4102: 4073: 4044: 3873: 3735: 3019: 2896: 2708: 2704:

is looking down from the sky and asking, 'Whither goest thou, Poland?'" on the wall of the local party headquarters.

1088:, 68% of Poles were against gays and lesbians publicly showing their way of life, 65% of Poles were against same-sex 430: 306: 8746: 5024: 4711: 316:, same-sex activity continued to be formally criminalized in now-independent Poland, because the penal codes of the 9676: 9448: 9235: 8335:"USTAWA z dnia 3 grudnia 2010 r. o wdrożeniu niektórych przepisów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie równego traktowania" 7858: 5211: 4341:

55 proc. Polaków jest przeciwna prawnemu umożliwieniu zawierania związków partnerskich przez osoby tej samej płci.

2826:

denounced the posters as "cultural barbarism". The activist was subsequently arrested by the police on charges of "

389: 243: 210: 190: 94: 74: 6653: 5745: 5659: 4280: 309:(1939–1945), laws prohibiting homosexuality were imposed on the territory that makes up the current Polish state. 9743: 9331: 8416: 8391: 8366: 8341: 6503: 6066: 5422: 4811:"SN: Projekty ustaw o związkach niezgodne z Konstytucją. Zobacz co sędziowie odpowiedzieli posłom już w ub. roku" 2942: 1102:

An Ipsos survey in October 2019 found that a majority of Polish men under 40 believe that "the LGBT movement and

7735:[Where in Poland were the resolutions adopted against "LGBT ideology"?] (in Polish). ONET. 23 July 2019. 7680: 6541: 6039: 5566: 5236: 168:

Both male and female same-sex sexual activity were decriminalized in 1932, when the country introduced an equal

9691: 9643: 9535: 9530: 7948: 7600: 3862:; Krieger, Joel; Crahan, Margaret E.; Jacobs, Lawrence R.; Joseph, William A.; Paul, James A. (2 August 2001). 3258: 876:

an employee for severe homophobic remarks he made on the company's internal website. Poland's justice minister

770: 499: 475: 2638: 7150: 3112:" declarations, partly in response to the signing of a declaration in support of LGBT rights by Warsaw Mayor 8253: 7782:"Polish ruling party whips up LGBTQ hatred ahead of elections amid 'gay-free' zones and Pride march attacks" 396:

have found the Constitution bans same-sex marriage by defining marriage as a heterosexual-only institution.

9648: 9495: 8810: 8718: 2970:

Homosexual propaganda needs to be limited, so children will not have an improper perspective on the family.

2689:, wrote that homosexuals were "animals" and "the emissaries of Satan sent to destroy the Catholic Church". 941:

Openly transgender people are officially barred from military service on the medical grounds. Diagnosis of

785:

Same-sex couples are unable to legally adopt in Poland. Furthermore, lesbian couples do not have access to

503: 5793:"Kościół chce tworzyć poradnie dla osób LGBT. Chodzi o "pragnących odzyskać naturalną orientację płciową"" 4737: 4305: 2488:

51% often or always avoid certain locations for fear of being assaulted (33%) — the highest rate in the EU

746:

recognized a same-sex cohabitation. On 6 December 2007, this ruling was confirmed by the Supreme Court of

9653: 9615: 8912: 6567:"Po raz pierwszy w Polsce zwolennicy jednopłciowych związków partnerskich są w większości. Może już czas" 5319: 3991: 2963:

Homosexual propaganda is growing in Europe, is reaching the younger children and is weakening the family.

2923: 2744: 2552: 1020: 991: 964: 930: 345: 262: 178: 9198: 9074: 8951: 7433: 7187: 5255: 3218: 200:

views about issues dealing with LGBT rights. A majority of the Polish population is affiliated with the

9595: 9190: 3230: 2791: 2417: 278: 8231: 917:. The bill was approved 252 to 158. The Senate proceeded to approve the bill in August, but President 9565: 9525: 9505: 9485: 9388: 8937: 8857: 3660: 2865: 2614: 873: 457: 185:, although such protections may not be effective in practice. No protections for health services and 8851: 8769: 7381: 7360:"LGBT - co oznacza ten skrót? Dariusz Piontkowski, polityk PiS rozszyfrował nazwę - Dzień Dobry TVN" 5513:"Ikea sued by Polish government for sacking homophobe who told colleagues gay people deserved death" 9681: 9500: 9242: 9141: 8065: 7304: 6589:"Polki i Polacy gotowi na związki partnerskie i równość małżeńską [SONDAŻE I EUROBAROMETR]" 4324:

aż 60 proc. pytanych uważa, że para gejów lub lesbijek powinna mieć prawo do związku partnerskiego

4320:"Polki i Polacy gotowi na związki partnerskie i równość małżeńską [SONDAŻE I EUROBAROMETR]" 3859: 3280: 3275: 3271:, who said that allowing an official pride event in Warsaw would promote a "homosexual lifestyle". 3101: 3047: 2989: 2880: 2846: 2776: 2610: 2556: 2544: 1011:

Despite that, as late as in August 2007 Regional Blood Donation and Treatment Center in Bydgoszcz (

960: 808: 450: 290: 282: 227: 123: 9208: 9127: 4998:"Polish election winner Donald Tusk appeals to president to move quickly to form a new government" 4580:

Kultura i społeczeństwo PRL. Materiały ze Studenckiej Sesji Naukowej, Wrocław, 26 kwietnia 2001 r.

2715:, who won the election, stated that he would continue to ban LGBT demonstrations, as he did while 933:" and most gay Polish soldiers conceal their sexual orientation. In 2013, military personnel told 9701: 9686: 9633: 9580: 9575: 9550: 9408: 9312: 9225: 9102: 8803: 8153: 7070: 5378: 5050:"Poland's opposition parties open talks on a ruling coalition after winning the general election" 4648:""Call Me by My Name:" A "Strange and Incomprehensible" Passion in the Polish Kresy of the 1920s" 4136:

Article 18 of the Polish Constitution limits the institution of marriage to opposite-sex couples.

3116:. While only symbolic, the declared zones signal exclusion of the LGBT community. The right wing 2814: 2760: 2732: 2652: 385: 104: 9671: 8923: 7641:"Rafał Trzaskowski podpisał Warszawską Deklarację LGBT+. W dokumencie znalazło się pięć punktów" 7341:"Zanim został ministrem, mówił o karcie LGBT i "oddawaniu dzieci pedofilom". Politycy komentują" 6775:"Poll shows growing support for same-sex marriage in Poland - English Section - polskieradio.pl" 5905: 4172: 2888: 9605: 9555: 9515: 9468: 9463: 9453: 9438: 9433: 9428: 9413: 9398: 9393: 9383: 9378: 9373: 9368: 9354: 9044: 9022: 8989: 8832: 6749:"67% of Poles support legalizing same-sex marriage: survey - English Section - polskieradio.pl" 3725: 3720: 3130: 3015: 2899:, and then a Deputy of the Sejm from the League of Polish Families. In June 2005, while in the 832: 800: 786: 380: 205: 147: 9288: 7326: 5346:"Paweł Leszkowicz Wokół ratusza, czyli sztuka homoseksualna w polskiej przestrzeni publicznej" 4017: 3253: 2739:"not to believe in the myth of Poland as an anti-Semitic, homophobic and xenophobic country". 9696: 9638: 9600: 9590: 9570: 9560: 9540: 9520: 9490: 9458: 9443: 9418: 9037: 5947: 5452: 4403:

Transnational Homosexuals in Communist Poland Cross-Border Flows in Gay and Lesbian Magazines

3730: 3201: 2831: 996: 862:

judgment in which it found that the provision was incompatible with the Polish Constitution.

841: 495: 7547: 4789:"Premier prosi o poparcie, PSL i część PO głosują przeciw. Sejm odrzuca związki partnerskie" 4239:"Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland of 28 February 2018, II OSK 1112/16" 2506:

1 in 5 trans and intersex people were physically or sexually attacked in the past five years

9585: 9510: 9480: 9150: 9030: 4458:"Transnational Flows of Knowledge and the Legalisation of Homosexuality in Interwar Poland" 3304: 3240: 3206: 3194: 2907: 2679: 1103: 302: 7601:"Mayor of Warsaw signs the LGBT+ Declaration | Warszawa - oficjalny portal stolicy Polski" 7240: 5469:"Poland's Supreme Court rules against printer who refused to make banners for LGBT+ group" 5423:"Ustawa o wdrożeniu niektórych przepisów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie równego traktowania" 4218:"Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland of 25 October 2016, II GSK 866/15" 3819: 3790: 3283: 3113: 2992: 2849: 8: 8845: 7411: 5267: 4177:

Polska Konstytucja określa bowiem małżeństwo jako związek wyłącznie kobiety i mężczyzny.

3428:

Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech)

3123: 2946: 2900: 2892: 2842: 2784: 2768: 2736: 2666: 2626: 2570: 2432: 1048: 980: 796: 174: 4602: 2749: 1092:, 72% were against same-sex marriage and 88% were against adoption by same-sex couples. 8840: 8757: 8468:"Ustawa o związkach partnerskich. Bodnar: musimy ją przyjąć, aby mówić o ich uznawaniu" 4687: 4563: 4528: 4493: 3951: 3168: 3164: 2950: 2823: 2675: 972: 321: 182: 63: 8868: 8494:"After years of legal discrimination, Poland's same-sex couples await civil union law" 7484: 7458: 4625:"The Constitution does not prohibit same-sex marriages - verdict by the WSA in Warsaw" 2594: 8736: 8693: 7755: 7408:"Poland: School Censorship Proposal Threatens Basic Rights | Human Rights Watch" 6699: 6175: 5880: 5820: 5641: 4691: 4679: 4567: 4532: 4497: 4485: 4406: 4098: 4069: 4040: 3955: 3943: 3869: 3059: 3055: 2622: 2586: 376: 270: 135: 9001: 7926: 6420: 5349: 3837: 3268: 3043: 3011: 2712: 401: 8545:"Bill introducing same-sex civil partnerships in Poland added to government agenda" 6720:"Discrimination in the EU_sp535_volumeA.xlsx [QB15_2] and [QB15_3]" 6691: 6603: 6465: 6377: 6326: 6301: 6275: 6250: 6225: 6200: 5764:"The EU has voted to condemn gay 'cure' therapy, and urged member states to ban it" 4669: 4659: 4555: 4520: 4475: 4465: 3935: 3490: 3159:

has started denying funds to municipalities that adopted "LGBT-free" declarations.

3129:

In August 2019, LGBT community members stated that they feel unsafe in Poland. The

2731:

On 30 August 2006, during a visit to the European Commission, Lech's twin brother,

2578: 942: 914: 413: 371: 6524:"Sondaż Super Expressu o związkach partnerskich: Polacy przeciw małżeństwom homo!" 4559: 2497:

47% felt discriminated against in at least one area of life in the past year (42%)

338: 8996: 8906: 8570:"Civil unions and registered partnerships: recognition in different EU countries" 7987: 7805: 7719: 7662: 6510: 6491: 6472: 5409: 5302: 5243: 4954: 3939: 3297: 3265: 3190: 2756: 2716: 877: 858: 824: 755: 325: 266: 239: 201: 84: 8303: 8301: 8136: 3058:. As of August 2019, the party has three MEPs. The party is now a member of the 9277: 6141: 6115: 6089: 4763: 4037:

Same-Sex Couples before National, Supranational and International Jurisdictions

3156: 3109: 3071: 2937: 2919: 2563: 2421: 464: 438: 349: 317: 247: 169: 162: 59: 7319:"Warsaw mayor joins equality parade for first time - Xinhua - English.news.cn" 7018: 6879:"Poland: Lech Walesa – 'Gays should be made to sit at the back in parliament'" 6466:

CBOS: Jesteśmy za wychowywaniem dzieci przez pary homoseksualne [...]

5541:"Ikea Sued by Poland for Firing Worker Over Anti-Gay Comments - BNN Bloomberg" 4972: 4470: 4432:

The Dictionary of Homophobia: A Global History of Gay & Lesbian Experience

4238: 3076: 506:) asked Poland's top court to overturn the nation's ban on same-sex marriage. 238:), encompassing about a third of the country, informally declared themselves " 9737: 9271: 9051: 8974: 8957: 8889: 8298: 8279: 7759: 6403:"CBOS: Ponad połowa Polaków traktuje homoseksualizm jako odstępstwo od normy" 6179: 4683: 4524: 4489: 4264:

Polish towns advocate ‘LGBT-free’ zones while the ruling party cheers them on

3947: 3707: 3236: 3118: 3003: 2819: 2807: 2540: 2503:

15% have been attacked in the past 5 years (11%) — the highest rate in the EU

1078: 976: 442: 434: 274: 8729:

Situation of bisexual and homosexual persons in Poland. 2005 and 2006 report

7949:"EU blocks funding for six towns that declared themselves 'LGBT-Free Zones'" 7044: 6676: 5902:"Pilgrimage will let Pope pray for a country that is turning to intolerance" 3924:"Application of EU Law on Equal Treatment in Poland. État de choses in 2020" 421:

In 2012, the nation was 95% Roman Catholic, with 54% practicing every week.

412:

bill was first proposed in 2003. In 2004, under a left-wing Government, the

161:'s 2024 report, the status of LGBTQ rights in Poland is the worst among the 9088: 8881: 7934: 7910:"Polish Couple Hand Out Rainbow Masks To Fight Country's LGBTQI Free Zones" 7570:"Mayor of Warsaw becomes first to protect rights of LGBTI people in Poland" 7066: 4095:

European Family Law Volume III: Family Law in a European Perspective Family

3693: 3274:

The Parada Równości events have continued regularly since 2006, attracting

3051: 3023: 2787: 2772: 2701: 2543:, are supporters of LGBT rights. More socially right-wing parties, such as 2536: 1089: 918: 491: 353: 219: 197: 8784: 8176:"Parada Równości 2015, czyli Równe prawa - wspólna sprawa [WIDEO]" 5189: 4426:

Tin, Louis-Georges; Redburn, Marek; Michaud, Alice; Mathers, Kyle (2008).

2682:, that the march was "immoral and a danger to the inhabitants of Warsaw." 853: 743: 157:

face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. According to

9323: 8945: 8309:"Połowa Polaków chce zakazu promocji treści gejowskich [badanie]" 7988:"Poland LGBT: Diplomats from 50 countries call for end to discrimination" 7716:

The Krakow municipality responds to the homophobic act of "Gazeta Polska"

7207:"Polish students defy ban on LGBTI events, turn up to school in rainbows" 5852:"Analogies of Pre-War Anti-Semitism and Present-Day Homophobia in Poland" 4895:"Projekt ustawy – przepisy wprowadzające ustawę o związkach partnerskich" 4764:"ZMIANY W ZAKRESIE WIARY I RELIGIJNOŚCI POLAKÓW PO ŚMIERCI JANA PAWŁA II" 4664: 4647: 4546:

Pająk, Paulina (2022). "1933: the year of lesbian modernism in Poland?".

4400: 4371:"Polish top court to ask for EU ruling on recognising same-sex marriages" 3764:"Poland: Donald Tusk promises new laws for 'victimised' LGBTQ+ community" 3081: 3027: 2693: 2574: 486: 409: 313: 158: 7973: 7405: 6445:"Sondaż dla Radia ZET: Ponad 60 proc. Polaków za związkami partnerskimi" 5494:"Poland rules in favour of printer convicted over refusing LGBT posters" 5215: 5025:"Poland's LGBTQ community celebrates right-wing election disappointment" 3992:"Poland rules in favour of printer convicted over refusing LGBT posters" 3667: 3643: 3629: 3537: 3389: 3369: 3354: 1081:

supported same-sex partnerships, while 27% supported same-sex marriage.

8232:"Warsaw pride parade attracts large crowd amid heated political debate" 5877:

Public Discourses About Homosexuality and Religion in Europe and Beyond

5664: 3899: 3141: 3080:

Map of Poland, LGBT-free zones declared (as of January 2020) on a

2613:

party (PiS) came to power. They formed a coalition government with the

934: 446: 235: 230:(PiS) party had taken an anti-migrant stance, and in the run-up to the 222:

either, though discussion on this issue is ongoing. While ahead of the

186: 8622:"Sprawy urzędowe związane z korektą płci mogłyby przebiegać sprawniej" 7544:"Wystąpienie min. Giertycha na spotkaniu ministrów edukacji państw UE" 7237:"Poland's Ruling Party Chair Calls LGBT Rights a Threat to the Nation" 6828:"Poland: Donald Tusk expresses support for legalizing same-sex unions" 6006:"Polacy nie chcą parad homoseksualistów - Polska - Fakty w INTERIA.PL" 4674: 4480: 4198:"Judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 9 November 2010, SK 10/08" 9168: 8519:"Warsaw LGBT+ parade attended by government ministers for first time" 7873:"Polish magazine dismisses court ruling on 'LGBT-free zone' stickers" 6924:"Poland should act to stop LGBTI intolerance, says Council of Europe" 6604:"AKCEPTACJA PRAW DLA GEJÓW I LESBIJEK I SPOŁECZNY DYSTANS WOBEC NICH" 6276:"AKCEPTACJA PRAW DLA GEJÓW I LESBIJEK I SPOŁECZNY DYSTANS WOBEC NICH" 5614:"Transgender Europe acknowledges first Polish Gender Recognition Law" 4427: 3715: 3625:

Lesbians, gays and bisexuals allowed to serve openly in the military

3286:

participated in the event for the first time and said that he wanted

2873: 2697: 8711:"Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights in Poland and Latvia" 8595:"Zarejestrowane związki partnerskie: uznawanie w różnych krajach UE" 7820:"Anti-Gay Brutality in a Polish Town Blamed on Poisonous Propaganda" 6983:"Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights in Poland and Latvia" 5838:"Honorowe krwiodawstwo mężczyzn homo- i biseksualnych. Fakty i mity" 3649: 3615: 3595: 3580: 3566: 3552: 3518: 3503: 3482: 3462: 3447: 3432: 3418: 3404: 3149: 3007: 2719:, and that "public promotion of homosexuality will not be allowed". 1013:

pl.: Regionalne Centrum Krwiodawstwa i Krwiolecznictwa w Bydgoszczy,

882:

which was made in accordance with Poland's anti-discrimination laws,

728: 700: 672: 644: 616: 588: 560: 258: 8979: 7097:"The US and Ireland are legalizing gay marriage. When will Poland?" 3858: 3768: 2661:"If deviants begin to demonstrate, they should be hit with batons." 1696:

right for a gay (couple) to foster the child of a deceased sibling

8442:"All EU countries must recognise rights of gay spouses, ECJ rules" 8130: 5961:"Poles against gay adoption – TheNews.pl :: News from Poland" 3458:

Hate crime laws concerning sexual orientation and gender identity

2685:

On 7 August 2006, Paweł Zyzak, editor in chief of a PiS magazine,

921:

vetoed it in October. The Parliament failed to override his veto.

777:, that LGBT people have the right to inherit from their partners. 9175: 8795: 8690:

Europe in the pink: lesbian & gay equality in the new Europe.

8072:(in Polish). Katolicka Agencja Informacyjna (KAI). 10 August 2011 7188:"Polish schools cancel LGBT activities after government warnings" 6695: 5797: 4173:"Judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 11 May 2005, K 18/04" 3171: 3145: 2911: 2724: 2471: 866: 7931:'Dutch town ends ties with Polish twin declared "gay-free zone"' 7340: 7151:"Polish president Andrzej Duda considering 'gay propaganda' ban" 6166:

Walker, Shaun; Tait, Christian Davies Robert (25 October 2019).

3400:

Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services

803:

that would ban adoption by a person in a same-sex relationship.

8112:"News from Poland - Polish gay activists win human rights case" 7284:

LGBT Poles are the latest victims of nation's 'identity crisis'

7120:"Polish president considering a ban on 'homosexual propaganda'" 6475:. M.wyborcza.pl (14 November 2014). Retrieved 15 November 2014. 6024: 4833:"Związki partnerskie do szuflady. Sejm nie zajął się projektem" 4034: 3287: 3251:

people were arrested. The ban has been declared illegal by the

3244: 3085: 3054:

for opposite-sex and same-sex couples, and the legalisation of

2927: 2700:? Is that liberty and democracy? No, that’s syphilisation! Our 1057: 1053: 747: 254: 154: 53: 47: 6378:"STOSUNEK DO PRAW GEJÓW I LESBIJEK ORAZ ZWIĄZKÓW PARTNERSKICH" 6090:"Stosunek do praw gejów i lesbijek oraz związków partnerskich" 4705: 4703: 4701: 3104:(PiS) party took an anti-migrant stance, in the run-up to the 1116:

Recognition of same-sex unions in Poland § Public opinion

823:

Anti-discrimination provisions were added to the Labour Code (

8644:"Lewica chce rozmów wokół projektu ustawy o uzgodnieniu płci" 7844:

Conservative Polish magazine issues 'LGBT-free zone' stickers

7681:"Progressive Politician Seeks Polish 'Spring' with New Party" 7263:"Party Leader Calls LGBT Rights an Imported Threat to Poland" 3089: 2906:

On 11 May 2006, while an MP, Wierzejski condemned the Warsaw

2903:, he called for "no tolerance for homosexuals and deviants". 2790:

would support a ban on "homosexual propaganda", based on the

2494:

26% felt discriminated against at work in the past year (21%)

1047:

An opinion poll conducted in late 2006 at the request of the

502:. In November 2023, a Polish same-sex married couple (wed by 286: 8014:"Ambassadors appeal for acceptance of LGBT people in Poland" 7169:"Polish Schools Cancel LGBT Event Under Government Pressure" 5746:"Poland moves step closer to banning gay conversion therapy" 5246:. The LawsAndFamilies Database. Retrieved 27 December 2017. 4955:"Same-sex spouses have EU residence rights, top court rules" 4401:

Szulc, Lukasz; Springer International Publishing AG (2018).

3300:, showed that 45% of Warsaw residents supported the parade. 1730:

Support for the recognition of same-sex relationships, 2012

1668:

right for a lesbian to parent a child of her female partner

474:

Poland did not implement this ruling, and in July 2020, the

40: 8150:"A brief history of Equality Parade | Equality Parade" 7733:"Gdzie w Polsce przyjęto uchwały przeciw "ideologii LGBT"?" 7297:"Mayor Joins Poland's Pride Parade Amid Anti-LGBT Campaign" 5280:

Gay couple can register child in conservative Poland: court

5258:. The LawsAndFamilies Database. Retrieved 27 December 2017. 4698: 3050:, a new progressive political party proposing to introduce 2869: 1106:" is the "biggest threat facing them in the 21st century". 968: 869: 425: 7406:

Scott Long Director, LGBT Rights Program (19 March 2007).

6911:

Memorandum on the stigmatisation of LGBTI people in Poland

6801:"PO: nie jesteśmy za legalizacją związków homoseksualnych" 6513:. M.wyborcza.pl (31 May 2011). Retrieved 20 November 2011. 6008:(in Polish). Fakty.interia.pl. 6 June 2008. Archived from 5660:"Homoseksualizm w wojsku – największe tabu polskiej armii" 5320:"Poland to ban gays from adopting, even as single parents" 4730: 4152:

Judgment of the Supreme Court of 7 July 2004, II KK 176/04

3972:

BULLETIN OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 2019, no. 6

3152:

in eastern Poland, citing "gay free zones" as the reason.

8041:"Poland rejects international criticism over LGBT rights" 7627:"Warsaw mayor pledges support to Poland's LGBT community" 7538: 7536: 7534: 7532: 7382:"DIRELAND: POLAND'S SWEEPING NEW ANTI-GAY EDUCATION BILL" 7375: 7373: 6988:. Amnesty International. 15 November 2006. Archived from 5592:"Poselski projekt ustawy o zmianie ustawy - Kodeks karny" 4306:"Sąd uchylił ostatnią uchwałę przeciwko "ideologii LGBT"" 3022:. Opinion polls currently put him in third place, behind 765:

A resolution of the Supreme Court from 28 November 2012 (

153:

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in

8247: 8245: 7897:

Activists warn Poland’s LGBT community is 'under attack'

6853:"Walesa escapes hate crime charge after anti-gay tirade" 4869:"Nowoczesna z projektem ustawy o związkach partnerskich" 4425: 4097:. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 121. 4063: 359: 6370: 6319: 6293: 6268: 6243: 6218: 6193: 5879:. Springer International Publishing. pp. 147–169. 5628:"Polish President Vetoes Major Transgender Rights Bill" 3601:

Available only for women in heterosexual relationships

296: 7663:"The gay mayor shaking up politics in Catholic Poland" 7529: 7434:"Poland to ban discussion of homosexuality in schools" 7370: 6168:"Anti-LGBT rhetoric stokes tensions in eastern Europe" 5928:"GayNZ.com - New Zealand's LGBT Community - 404 Error" 5448:"Poland abandoning hundreds of victims of hate crimes" 3865:

The Oxford companion to politics of ... - Google Books

1942:

Support for the recognition of same-sex relationships

1123:

Support for the recognition of same-sex relationships

1030: 8242: 8142: 6677:

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (2020).

4583: 1871:"right to inherit the pension of a deceased partner" 1065:

sexual activity, with 37% believing they should not.

181:. Polish law bans employment discrimination based on 8251: 6226:"KONKUBINAT PAR HETEROSEKSUALNYCH I HOMOSEKSUALNYCH" 3683: 3443:

Anti-discrimination laws concerning gender identity

2431:

Public opinion on same-sex marriage (2023) based on

852:

In June 2018, the Polish Supreme Court ruled that a

99:

Lesbians, gays and bisexuals allowed to serve openly

8417:"Poland pushes ahead with hardline hate speech law" 8392:"Poland pushes ahead with hardline hate speech law" 8367:"Poland pushes ahead with hardline hate speech law" 8340:(in Polish). Kancelaria Sejmu. 2010. Archived from 7806:

Polish newspaper to issue 'LGBT-free zone' stickers

7094: 7017:(in Polish). YouTube. 17 March 2008. Archived from 6629:"How people in 24 countries view same-sex marriage" 5948:

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices in Poland

4121: 3324:community, but affect children and other citizens. 2491:

27% are often or always open about being LGBT (47%)

1077:In 2011, according to a poll by TNS Polska, 54% of 7773: 6354:. M.wyborcza.pl/. 28 February 2013. Archived from 5715:"Poland makes moves to ban gay conversion therapy" 5403:Non-Discrimination Law: Poland Country Report 2010 4761: 4337:"Sondaż CBOS: Aborcja, związki partnerskie i euro" 4035:Gallo, D; Paladini, L; Pustorino, P, eds. (2014). 3974:The Principle of Equal Treatment. Law and Practice 509: 7890: 7709: 7071:"Gay Poles head for UK to escape state crackdown" 6977: 6975: 6973: 6971: 6969: 6967: 6965: 6906: 6904: 6139: 6113: 6087: 5984:"Premier-gej? Polacy nie mają nic przeciwko temu" 3062:coalition, which currently serves in government. 899: 89:Transgender people allowed to change legal gender 9735: 7837: 7090: 7088: 6963: 6961: 6959: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6951: 6949: 6947: 6945: 6680:EU LGBTI II: A long way to go for LGBTI equality 6081: 7947:James, Frater; Kolirin, Lianne (31 July 2020). 7854: 7852: 7818:Santora, Marc; Berendt, Joanna (27 July 2019). 5237:Formalisation of legal family formats in Poland 5212:"Związek homoseksualny to nawet nie konkubinat" 4712:"Lech Walesa Shocks Poland With Anti-Gay Words" 4597: 4595: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4251: 3180:Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights 2591:Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights 110: 7859:Polish Court Rebukes “LGBT-Free Zone” Stickers 7817: 7748:"The New Threat to Poland's Sexual Minorities" 7546:(in Polish). PBS. 2 March 2007. Archived from 6901: 6601: 6485:Równe traktowanie standardem dobrego rządzenia 6421:"Stosunek Polaków do związków homoseksualnych" 6344: 6095:(in Polish). Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej 6060: 5567:"Polish police crack down on LGBTQ protesters" 4365: 4363: 3065: 737: 146:For the history of LGBT people in Poland, see 109:Sexual orientation protections in employment ( 9339: 8811: 7752:Foreign Affairs: An American Quarterly Review 7725: 7379: 7085: 7059: 6942: 6133: 6038:(in Polish). 16 December 2010. Archived from 4755: 4709: 4451: 4449: 4281:"A Third of Poland Declared 'LGBT-Free Zone'" 4066:Konstytucja RP. Tom I. Komentarz do art. 1-86 3185: 2868:(LPR) won 8% of the vote and 34 seats in the 2845:, criticised an LGBT rights declaration that 818: 7946: 7849: 7811: 6688:European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights 5899: 5466: 5348:(in Polish). Nts.uni.wroc.pl. Archived from 4603:"The Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 4592: 4248: 4018:"The Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 2855: 2707:During the presidential campaign before the 2479:European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights 955:Legality of conversion therapy § Poland 498:as "a foreign ideology" and comparing it to 332: 7976:(Press release). Poland. 27 September 2020. 7745: 6885:. ILGA Europe. 4 March 2013. Archived from 6826:office, Kafkadesk Kraków (30 August 2021). 6352:"Polacy: Związki partnerskie nie dla gejów" 5440: 4510: 4360: 3178:According to a December 2020 report by the 2813:In April 2019, Conservative party chairman 9353: 9346: 9332: 8818: 8804: 8725: 8238:. 9 June 2019 – via www.reuters.com. 8066:""Parada Równości" to propaganda rozpusty" 6672: 6670: 6299: 6201:"POSTAWY WOBEC MAŁŻEŃSTW HOMOSEKSUALISTÓW" 6165: 6065:(in Polish). M.wyborcza.pl. Archived from 4847:"Związki partnerskie - nie w tej kadencji" 4645: 4455: 4446: 4233: 4231: 4212: 4210: 4092: 4068:. Warszawa: C.H. Beck Wydawnictwo Polska. 3576:Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples 3395:Since 2003, but not consistently enforced 3296:A 2010 opinion poll, conducted by PBS for 1711:the situation above is morally acceptable 1683:the situation above is morally acceptable 742:On 23 February 2007, the Appeals Court in 39: 7624: 7286:, Al-Jazeera, Ylenia Gostoli, 12 May 2019 6251:"ZWIĄZKI PARTNERSKIE PAR HOMOSEKSUALNYCH" 5296:Prezydencki projekt zmiany Konstytucji RP 5270:. Thenews.pl. Retrieved 20 November 2011. 5188:. Bialystok.sa.sisco.info. Archived from 4925:"Projekt ustawy o związkach partnerskich" 4673: 4663: 4479: 4469: 4192: 4190: 4167: 4165: 4146: 4144: 4064:Marek Safjan; Leszek Bosek, eds. (2016). 3894: 3892: 780: 379:is not recognized, and Article 18 of the 8084: 7511:"Opposition prevails in Polish election" 7185: 7148: 6646: 5832: 5830: 5510: 5022: 4973:"HUDOC - European Court of Human Rights" 3917: 3915: 3913: 3586:Banned regardless of sexual orientation 3212: 3200: 3189: 3075: 2500:42% were harassed in the past year (38%) 2411: 1896:"right to a refund in vitro treatments" 1027:of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine. 967:activists submitted a draft bill to the 366:Recognition of same-sex unions in Poland 56: (light green & dark grey) 8775:CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 8252:Dubrowska, Magdalena (9 January 2010). 8090: 7656: 7654: 7015:"Orędzie Lecha Kaczyńskiego 17.03.2008" 6667: 5787: 5785: 5688:"Wojsko nie chce osób transseksualnych" 5564: 4617: 4278: 4228: 4207: 4115: 4086: 3548:Stepchild adoption by same-sex couples 3385:Anti-discrimination laws in employment 2822:with a rainbow halo, Interior Minister 2783:In November 2018, it was reported that 2477:According to Polish respondents to the 62: (light green) – [ 14: 9736: 8684:(3), 631-652. doi:10.1017/slr.2022.224 8315:(in Polish). fronda.pl. 18 August 2014 8152:. En.paradarownosci.eu. Archived from 8109: 7779: 7660: 7149:Kelleher, Patrick (11 November 2018). 7065: 6825: 6032:"Sondaż: Geje w wojsku dzielą Polaków" 5657: 5538: 4861: 4813:(in Polish). tvn24.pl. 30 January 2013 4791:(in Polish). tvn24.pl. 25 January 2013 4187: 4162: 4141: 4057: 3921: 3889: 3761: 3757: 3755: 3414:Anti-discrimination laws in education 3018:has urged him to run for president in 2527:supported same-sex civil partnership. 1796:"right to obtain medical information" 1061:gay minister or a head of government. 865:In July 2020 the government of Poland 799:formally proposed an amendment to the 244:Warsaw Voivodship Administrative Court 9327: 8799: 8103: 7870: 7204: 7186:Kelleher, Patrick (27 October 2018). 6621: 5874: 5827: 5743: 5712: 5023:Kelleher, Patrick (16 October 2023). 4849:(in Polish). polityka.pl. 26 May 2015 4545: 4539: 4456:Karczewski, Kamil (21 October 2022). 4396: 4394: 4392: 4279:Ciobanu, Claudia (25 February 2020). 4028: 3910: 948: 360:Recognition of same-sex relationships 242:". However, on the 6th February 2024 140:Same-sex couples not allowed to adopt 8674:1-18. doi:10.1017/S0960777322000108 8038: 7746:Figlerowicz, Marta (9 August 2019). 7651: 7598: 7117: 7095:Magdalena Stonawska (26 June 2015). 5782: 5616:. Transgender Europe. 7 August 2015. 5584: 5256:Legal data in source papers - Poland 2979:" – 44% agreed, 52% disagreed. 2972:" – 56% agreed, 44% disagreed. 2965:" – 40% agreed, 56% disagreed. 2416:Counter-protest at the 2019 Rzeszów 2214:Acceptance of a homosexual as a... ( 1084:In a 2013 opinion poll conducted by 297:Legality of same-sex sexual activity 8254:"Europride - test dla warszawiaków" 8039:Gera, Vanessa (28 September 2020). 7485:"Polish 'anti-gay' bill criticised" 7357: 7118:Gunz, Rafaella (10 November 2018). 6383:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6332:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6307:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6281:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6256:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6231:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6206:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6140:Rafał Boguszewski (February 2014). 6088:Feliksiak, Michał (February 2013). 5713:Power, Shannon (22 February 2019). 5594:(in Polish). Kancelaria Sejmu. 2018 5372:"Draft Law on Equal Treatment 2007" 5268:Strasbourg: Polish gays can inherit 5164:"Głosowanie nr 49 - posiedzenie 32" 5142:"Głosowanie nr 48 - posiedzenie 32" 5120:"Głosowanie nr 47 - posiedzenie 32" 5098:"Głosowanie nr 46 - posiedzenie 32" 5076:"Głosowanie nr 45 - posiedzenie 32" 3752: 3562:Joint adoption by same-sex couples 3310: 3224: 3148:, voted to end its friendship with 2796:European Convention on Human Rights 1031:Social attitudes and public opinion 924: 331:The new Polish Penal Code of 1932 ( 24: 8825: 8717:. 15 November 2006. Archived from 7699:"Plan partii Biedronia w punktach" 7576:. 27 February 2019. Archived from 7205:Power, Shannon (27 October 2018). 5904:. The Times Online. Archived from 5511:Kelleher, Patrick (23 July 2020). 5486: 5214:(in Polish). rp.pl. Archived from 5166:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 5144:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 5122:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 5100:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 5078:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 4574: 4389: 3791:"Country Ranking | Rainbow Europe" 3762:Ashley, Beth (24 September 2023). 3741:List of LGBT politicians in Poland 3205:Anti-gay protesters at the Warsaw 3140:In July 2020, the town council of 3106:2019 Polish parliamentary election 3098:2015 Polish parliamentary election 2837:In June 2019, the newly appointed 2655:, Prime Minister, PiS, 11 May 2006 2600: 1846:"rights to common tax accounting" 891: 500:indoctrination in the Soviet Union 232:2019 Polish parliamentary election 224:2015 Polish parliamentary election 25: 9755: 9723:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 8703: 8619: 8137:Gay marchers ignore ban in Warsaw 8093:"Polish capital bans Pride again" 7459:"Polish teachers march in Warsaw" 7265:. Voice of America. 25 April 2019 6114:Rafał Boguszewski (August 2013). 5986:(in Polish). Wiadomosci.gazeta.pl 5744:Smith, Lydia (22 February 2019). 5539:Moskwa, Wojciech (23 July 2020). 4762:Boguszewski, Rafał (April 2012). 4266:, Washington Post, 21 July 2019, 4182:określonych w art. 235 tego aktu. 4039:. Berlin: Springer. p. 215. 3736:LGBT rights in the European Union 3290:to remain "open" and "tolerant." 2983: 2897:Member of the European Parliament 2407: 1002: 370:There is no legal recognition of 9308: 9307: 8636: 8613: 8587: 8562: 8537: 8511: 8486: 8460: 8434: 8409: 8384: 8359: 8327: 8272: 8224: 8198: 8168: 8058: 8032: 8006: 7980: 7966: 7940: 7920: 7902: 7864: 7799: 7739: 7691: 7673: 7633: 7618: 7592: 7562: 7503: 7477: 7451: 7426: 7399: 7358:TVN, Dzień Dobry (6 June 2019). 7351: 7333: 7311: 7289: 7277: 7255: 7229: 7198: 7179: 7161: 7142: 7111: 7033: 7007: 6916: 6871: 6845: 6819: 6793: 6767: 6741: 6712: 6595: 6581: 6559: 6534: 6516: 6497: 6478: 6459: 6437: 6413: 6395: 3868:. Oxford University Press, USA. 3834:"Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska)" 3816:"Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska)" 3700: 3686: 3666: 3648: 3642: 3628: 3614: 3594: 3579: 3565: 3551: 3536: 3517: 3514:Recognition of same-sex couples 3502: 3481: 3461: 3446: 3431: 3417: 3403: 3388: 3368: 3353: 3327: 3264:The parade was condemned by the 3042:In February 2019, LGBT activist 2998: 2674:On 5 July 2006, Mayor of Warsaw 1109: 727: 699: 671: 643: 615: 587: 559: 515:Sejm vote on civil partnerships 352:was set to 15, equal to that of 8665: 8139:, BBC News Online, 11 June 2005 7780:Foster, Peter (9 August 2019). 7380:Ireland, Doug (21 March 2007). 6159: 6107: 6054: 5998: 5981: 5975: 5953: 5941: 5920: 5893: 5868: 5844: 5821:"Homoseksualizm a krwiodawstwo" 5813: 5756: 5737: 5706: 5680: 5658:Sikora, Kamil (5 August 2013). 5651: 5634: 5620: 5606: 5558: 5532: 5504: 5460: 5415: 5396: 5364: 5338: 5312: 5289: 5273: 5261: 5249: 5230: 5204: 5178: 5156: 5134: 5112: 5090: 5068: 5042: 5016: 4990: 4965: 4947: 4917: 4887: 4839: 4825: 4803: 4781: 4639: 4504: 4434:. Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press 4419: 4346: 4329: 4312: 4298: 4272: 3350:Same-sex sexual activity legal 3315:In a 2014 survey, conducted by 2943:Deputy Prime Minister of Poland 2759:, former Polish Prime Minister 510:Parliament vote on civil unions 494:, who previously described the 9283:Recognition of same-sex unions 8672:Contemporary European History, 7625:Kafkadesk (20 February 2019). 6142:"RELIGIJNOŚĆ A ZASADY MORALNE" 6061:Renata Grochal (31 May 2011). 5963:. Polskieradio.pl. 26 May 2010 5565:Cienski, Jan (5 August 2020). 4710:Gera, Vanessa (3 March 2013). 4010: 3984: 3966: 3852: 3808: 3783: 3259:European Court of Human Rights 2839:Minister of National Education 900:Gender identity and expression 771:European Court of Human Rights 476:European Court of Human Rights 13: 1: 8624:. Infor Biznes. Gazeta Prawna 7871:Wanat, Zosia (26 July 2019). 7705:(in Polish). 3 February 2019. 5467:Vanessa Gera (15 June 2018). 4875:(in Polish). 16 February 2018 4560:10.1080/09612025.2021.1954333 4462:Contemporary European History 4124:"Marriage Equality in Europe" 3746: 3639:Right to change legal gender 3307:, of which Warsaw is a part. 513: 196:Polish society tends to hold 9295:Offending religious feelings 8091:Townley, Ben (20 May 2005). 7661:Easton, Adam (28 May 2018). 7043:. Gaylife.Pl. Archived from 6609:(in Polish). CBOS. p. 8 6063:"Gej przestraszył Platformę" 5900:Boyes, Roger (25 May 2006). 5630:. Towleroad. 2 October 2015. 4769:(in Polish). CBOS. p. 5 4405:. Springer. pp. 8, 97. 4122:Stewart J, Lloyd KC (2016). 3940:10.5771/0030-6444-2020-4-483 2828:offending religious feelings 2424:'s place is under the boot!" 1644:Support for LGBT parenthood 1072: 1039: 394:Supreme Administrative Court 215:Supreme Administrative Court 124:Recognition of relationships 7: 8913:Campaign Against Homophobia 8182:(in Polish). Archived from 6857:Polskie Radio dla Zagranicy 4931:(in Polish). Archived from 4901:(in Polish). Archived from 3679: 3591:Access to IVF for lesbians 2924:Campaign Against Homophobia 2802:homophobia in schools. The 2678:stated, in relation to the 2639:Kazimierz Michał Ujazdowski 2530: 2464: Strongly oppose (36%) 2458: Somewhat oppose (18%) 1021:Campaign Against Homophobia 992:Polish Episcopal Conference 965:Campaign Against Homophobia 738:Limited cohabitation rights 307:German occupation of Poland 263:Campaign Against Homophobia 179:hormone replacement therapy 129:Limited cohabitation rights 10: 9760: 8726:Abramowicz, Marta (2007). 6807:(in Polish). 30 March 2008 6504:Gej przestraszył Platformę 4646:Karczewski, Kamil (2022). 3611:Conversion therapy banned 3365:Equal age of consent (15) 3235:The largest aspect of the 3231:Equality marches in Poland 3228: 3186:LGBT movement and activism 3069: 2792:Russian gay propaganda law 2446: Somewhat favor (28%) 2440: Strongly favor (13%) 2054:"registered partnerships" 1771:"registered partnerships" 1317:"registered partnerships" 1113: 952: 819:Discrimination protections 363: 145: 105:Discrimination protections 9710: 9662: 9624: 9361: 9303: 9256: 9189: 9160: 9114: 9061: 9010: 8967: 8899: 8858:Lambda Groups Association 8831: 8688:Tatchell, Peter. (1992). 8095:. Gay,com. Archived from 7899:, Euronews, 8 August 2019 7517:. London. 22 October 2007 7410:. Hrw.org. Archived from 4738:"Poland :: Religion" 4471:10.1017/S0960777322000108 3605: 3527: 3472: 3379: 3345:Same-sex sexual activity 3344: 3037: 2866:League of Polish Families 2856:League of Polish Families 2615:League of Polish Families 2481:2019 EU LGBTI survey II: 1972: 1965: 1958: 1951: 1944: 1941: 1917:"right to adopt a child" 1735: 1732: 1729: 1646: 1643: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 884:"absolutely scandalous". 458:European Court of Justice 134: 122: 117: 103: 93: 83: 73: 38: 31: 8785:"Rainbow Europe: Poland" 6509:19 December 2013 at the 6490:19 December 2013 at the 6471:29 November 2014 at the 6327:"PRAWA GEJÓW I LESBIJEK" 6302:"PRAWA GEJÓW I LESBIJEK" 5950:, US Department of State 4525:10.1177/1363460713511105 4093:Scherpe JM, ed. (2016). 3663:allowed to donate blood 3533:Adoption by individuals 3144:, a Dutch city south of 2755:In a 2009 interview for 2745:Polish People's Republic 849:generally ineffective". 431:Democratic Left Alliance 346:Polish People's Republic 326:Austria-Hungarian Empire 7846:, Reuters, 24 July 2019 7041:">< Artykuł >" 6602:Wenzel, Michał (2005). 4742:Encyclopædia Britannica 4589:Tatchell (1992), p. 151 3922:Górski, Marcin (2020). 3528:Adoption and parenting 3247:every year since 2001. 2761:Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz 2653:Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz 711:Registered partnership 683:Registered partnership 627:Registered partnership 599:Registered partnership 571:Registered partnership 543:Registered partnership 390:Constitutional Tribunal 279:Social Democratic Party 211:Constitutional Tribunal 191:Constitutional Tribunal 9744:LGBTQ rights in Poland 9404:Bosnia and Herzegovina 9355:LGBTQ rights in Europe 7722:(Krakow), 19 July 2019 7599:Warszawy, Urząd m st. 7239:. Time. Archived from 7073:. London: The Observer 6407:wiadomosci.dziennik.pl 4835:(in Polish). tvn24.pl. 4548:Women's History Review 4268:reprint at Independent 3726:LGBT history in Poland 3721:Human rights in Poland 3221: 3210: 3198: 3093: 3016:Aleksander Kwasniewski 2872:. They entered into a 2775:, originally from the 2672: 2658: 2644: 2562:While the current the 2425: 880:called the dismissal, 828: 781:Adoption and parenting 773:ruled, in the case of 759: 655:Partnership agreement 504:Germany's marriage law 381:Constitution of Poland 333: 148:LGBT history in Poland 79:Decriminalized in 1932 33:LGBTQ rights in Poland 8715:Amnesty International 8110:(kaka) (4 May 2007). 6654:"GLOBSEC Trends 2023" 5453:Amnesty International 3731:LGBT rights in Europe 3216: 3204: 3193: 3155:Since July 2020, the 3079: 2832:Amnesty International 2804:Minister of Education 2767:In a 2015 interview, 2669:, LPR, 9 October 2006 2659: 2645: 2641:, PiS, 3 October 2005 2631: 2415: 2108:"same-sex marriages" 1733:opposite-sex couples 1428:"same-sex marriages" 1114:Further information: 997:political correctness 953:Further information: 931:don't ask, don't tell 842:Amnesty International 424:In January 2013, the 9151:Swimming in the Dark 9031:Floating Skyscrapers 8721:on 28 November 2006. 8648:DziennikGazetaPrawna 7861:, HRW, 1 August 2019 6591:. 25 September 2019. 5840:. 23 September 2009. 5456:. 17 September 2015. 5301:6 March 2021 at the 5242:19 June 2018 at the 4718:. Warsaw, Poland. AP 4665:10.1017/slr.2022.224 4605:. Sejm. 2 April 1997 3380:Discrimination laws 3305:Masovian Voivodeship 3092:level marked in red. 2889:Mirosław Orzechowski 990:In August 2020, the 305:(1795–1918) and the 303:Partitions of Poland 246:repealed the last " 189:exist. In 2019, the 18:Gay rights in Poland 9625:States with limited 9289:Bączkowski v Poland 9018:Tongariro Releasing 8952:Miłość Nie Wyklucza 8933:Equality Foundation 8846:Warsaw Gay Movement 8020:. 28 September 2020 7994:. 28 September 2020 7808:, BBC, 18 July 2019 7647:. 18 February 2019. 7515:The Daily Telegraph 6663:. 2023. p. 75. 6447:. 29 September 2022 6409:. 21 December 2017. 6358:on 19 December 2013 6069:on 19 December 2013 4935:on 17 February 2018 3906:. 20 February 2024. 3499:Civil partnerships 3478:Same-sex marriages 3254:Bączkowski v Poland 3219:Kraków Pride parade 3124:Georgette Mosbacher 3096:While ahead of the 2947:European Commission 2901:European Parliament 2893:Wojciech Wierzejski 2843:Dariusz Piontkowski 2737:Jose Manuel Barroso 2667:Wojciech Wierzejski 2627:freedom of assembly 2452: Not sure (5%) 2433:Pew Research Center 1821:"right to inherit" 1049:European Commission 981:European Parliament 833:Polish Constitution 797:President of Poland 516: 485:in September 2023, 483:Polish re-elections 469:freedom of movement 344:In 1948 during the 206:Polish Constitution 175:Polish Armed Forces 9123:The Rainbow Primer 8841:Operation Hyacinth 8186:on 2 February 2016 8118:on 6 February 2012 7929:. (16 July 2020). 7824:The New York Times 7687:. 3 February 2019. 7605:www.um.warszawa.pl 7580:on 13 January 2021 7175:. 26 October 2018. 7047:on 18 January 2009 6729:. 22 December 2023 6116:"Wartości i normy" 5908:on 8 February 2007 5408:9 May 2012 at the 4929:www.nowoczesna.org 4899:www.nowoczesna.org 4873:www.poznan.onet.pl 4377:. 15 November 2023 3904:rainbow-europe.org 3795:rainbow-europe.org 3222: 3211: 3199: 3169:Joachim Brudzinski 3165:Mateusz Morawiecki 3094: 3052:civil partnerships 2988:In February 2019, 2951:Human Rights Watch 2887:. On 19 May 2006, 2824:Joachim Brudzinski 2815:Jarosław Kaczyński 2733:Jarosław Kaczyński 2676:Miroslaw Kochalski 2619:Self-Defence Party 2426: 2160:"adoption rights" 1533:"adoption rights" 973:conversion therapy 959:In February 2019, 949:Conversion therapy 514: 456:In June 2018, the 322:Kingdom of Prussia 183:sexual orientation 50: (dark green) 9731: 9730: 9321: 9320: 9258:Rights and policy 9185: 9184: 8852:Łódź Gay Murderer 8742:978-83-924950-2-4 8698:978-0-85449-158-2 8284:paradarownosci.eu 8099:on 13 March 2007. 7937:. United Kingdom. 7364:dziendobry.tvn.pl 7323:www.xinhuanet.com 6930:. 3 December 2020 6705:978-92-9474-997-0 6633:PewResearchCenter 6147:(in Polish). CBOS 6121:(in Polish). CBOS 6042:on 19 August 2014 6012:on 22 August 2010 5886:978-3-030-56326-4 5473:Independent.co.uk 5384:on 1 October 2008 5352:on 8 October 2011 5286:, 11 October 2018 5056:. 18 October 2023 5004:. 17 October 2023 4412:978-3-319-58901-5 4375:Notes from Poland 4022:en.wikisource.org 3677: 3676: 3284:Rafał Trzaskowski 3239:in Poland is the 3114:Rafał Trzaskowski 3066:"LGBT-free zones" 3056:same-sex marriage 2993:Rafał Trzaskowski 2850:Rafał Trzaskowski 2723:photograph of an 2629:for LGBT people: 2623:freedom of speech 2587:Council of Europe 2405: 2404: 2209: 2208: 1977: 1970: 1963: 1956: 1949: 1937: 1936: 1736:same-sex couples 1725: 1724: 1639: 1638: 795:In July 2020 the 735: 734: 680:18 December 2014 377:Same-sex marriage 144: 143: 46:Location of 16:(Redirected from 9751: 9663:Dependencies and 9362:Sovereign states 9348: 9341: 9334: 9325: 9324: 9311: 9310: 9239: 9222: 9191:Equality marches 9145: 9131: 9106: 9092: 9078: 9026: 9008: 9007: 8993: 8941: 8927: 8885: 8872: 8820: 8813: 8806: 8797: 8796: 8792: 8780: 8773: 8767: 8763: 8761: 8753: 8751: 8745:. 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Archived from 7293: 7287: 7281: 7275: 7274: 7272: 7270: 7259: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7248: 7243:on 27 April 2019 7233: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7222: 7217:on 28 April 2019 7213:. Archived from 7202: 7196: 7195: 7183: 7177: 7176: 7165: 7159: 7158: 7146: 7140: 7139: 7137: 7135: 7130:on 29 April 2019 7126:. Archived from 7115: 7109: 7108: 7106: 7104: 7092: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7078: 7063: 7057: 7056: 7054: 7052: 7037: 7031: 7030: 7028: 7026: 7011: 7005: 7004: 7002: 7000: 6995:on 11 March 2011 6994: 6987: 6979: 6940: 6939: 6937: 6935: 6920: 6914: 6908: 6899: 6898: 6896: 6894: 6875: 6869: 6868: 6866: 6864: 6849: 6843: 6842: 6840: 6838: 6823: 6817: 6816: 6814: 6812: 6797: 6791: 6790: 6788: 6786: 6771: 6765: 6764: 6762: 6760: 6745: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6734: 6724: 6716: 6710: 6709: 6685: 6674: 6665: 6664: 6658: 6650: 6644: 6643: 6641: 6639: 6625: 6619: 6618: 6616: 6614: 6608: 6599: 6593: 6592: 6585: 6579: 6578: 6576: 6574: 6563: 6557: 6556: 6554: 6552: 6546: 6538: 6532: 6531: 6520: 6514: 6501: 6495: 6482: 6476: 6463: 6457: 6456: 6454: 6452: 6441: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6430: 6425: 6417: 6411: 6410: 6399: 6393: 6392: 6390: 6388: 6382: 6374: 6368: 6367: 6365: 6363: 6348: 6342: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6331: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6312: 6306: 6300:Wenzel, Michał. 6297: 6291: 6290: 6288: 6286: 6280: 6272: 6266: 6265: 6263: 6261: 6255: 6247: 6241: 6240: 6238: 6236: 6230: 6222: 6216: 6215: 6213: 6211: 6205: 6197: 6191: 6190: 6188: 6186: 6163: 6157: 6156: 6154: 6152: 6146: 6137: 6131: 6130: 6128: 6126: 6120: 6111: 6105: 6104: 6102: 6100: 6094: 6085: 6079: 6078: 6076: 6074: 6058: 6052: 6051: 6049: 6047: 6028: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6002: 5996: 5995: 5993: 5991: 5979: 5973: 5972: 5970: 5968: 5957: 5951: 5945: 5939: 5938: 5936: 5934: 5924: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5897: 5891: 5890: 5872: 5866: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5856: 5848: 5842: 5841: 5834: 5825: 5824: 5823:. 17 April 2012. 5817: 5811: 5810: 5808: 5806: 5801:. 27 August 2020 5789: 5780: 5779: 5777: 5775: 5760: 5754: 5753: 5741: 5735: 5734: 5732: 5730: 5725:on 22 March 2019 5721:. 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Archived from 5376: 5368: 5362: 5361: 5359: 5357: 5342: 5336: 5335: 5333: 5331: 5316: 5310: 5293: 5287: 5277: 5271: 5265: 5259: 5253: 5247: 5234: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5208: 5202: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5182: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5160: 5154: 5153: 5151: 5149: 5138: 5132: 5131: 5129: 5127: 5116: 5110: 5109: 5107: 5105: 5094: 5088: 5087: 5085: 5083: 5072: 5066: 5065: 5063: 5061: 5046: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5035: 5020: 5014: 5013: 5011: 5009: 4994: 4988: 4987: 4985: 4983: 4969: 4963: 4962: 4951: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4940: 4921: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4910: 4891: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4856: 4854: 4843: 4837: 4836: 4829: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4818: 4807: 4801: 4800: 4798: 4796: 4785: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4774: 4768: 4759: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4734: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4723: 4707: 4696: 4695: 4677: 4667: 4643: 4637: 4636: 4634: 4632: 4621: 4615: 4614: 4612: 4610: 4599: 4590: 4587: 4581: 4578: 4572: 4571: 4543: 4537: 4536: 4519:(1–2): 230–253. 4508: 4502: 4501: 4483: 4473: 4453: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4423: 4417: 4416: 4398: 4387: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4367: 4358: 4357: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4333: 4327: 4326: 4316: 4310: 4309: 4302: 4296: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4276: 4270: 4261: 4246: 4245: 4235: 4226: 4225: 4214: 4205: 4204: 4194: 4185: 4184: 4169: 4160: 4159: 4148: 4139: 4138: 4119: 4113: 4112: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4061: 4055: 4054: 4032: 4026: 4025: 4014: 4008: 4007: 4005: 4003: 3988: 3982: 3970: 3964: 3963: 3919: 3908: 3907: 3900:"Rainbow Europe" 3896: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3860:Nzongola-Ntalaja 3856: 3850: 3849: 3847: 3845: 3836:. Archived from 3831: 3829: 3827: 3818:. Archived from 3812: 3806: 3805: 3803: 3801: 3787: 3781: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3759: 3710: 3705: 3704: 3703: 3696: 3691: 3690: 3689: 3670: 3652: 3646: 3632: 3618: 3598: 3583: 3569: 3555: 3540: 3521: 3506: 3491:Coman v. Romania 3485: 3473:Same-sex unions 3465: 3450: 3435: 3421: 3407: 3392: 3372: 3357: 3332: 3331: 3225:Equality marches 2918:On 8 June 2006, 2750:Tadeusz Cymański 2670: 2656: 2642: 2569:In 2013, former 2463: 2457: 2451: 2445: 2439: 2394: 2379: 2369: 2354: 2344: 2329: 2319: 2304: 2294: 2279: 2269: 2251: 2241: 2211: 2210: 2197: 2179: 2169: 2147: 2137: 2127: 2117: 2100: 2090: 2080: 2070: 2060: 2048: 2041: 2034: 2027: 2020: 2013: 2006: 1999: 1992: 1985: 1975: 1968: 1961: 1954: 1947: 1939: 1938: 1923: 1902: 1887: 1877: 1862: 1852: 1837: 1827: 1812: 1802: 1790: 1777: 1765: 1758: 1751: 1744: 1727: 1726: 1720: 1702: 1691: 1674: 1662: 1655: 1641: 1640: 1634: 1624: 1614: 1604: 1588: 1578: 1568: 1558: 1542: 1525: 1519: 1509: 1499: 1489: 1479: 1469: 1459: 1437: 1419: 1412: 1402: 1392: 1382: 1372: 1362: 1349: 1342: 1332: 1311: 1304: 1297: 1290: 1283: 1276: 1269: 1262: 1255: 1248: 1241: 1234: 1227: 1220: 1213: 1206: 1199: 1192: 1185: 1178: 1171: 1164: 1120: 1119: 977:pseudoscientific 943:gender dysphoria 925:Military service 915:gender dysphoria 883: 731: 720: 703: 692: 675: 664: 652:25 January 2013 647: 636: 624:25 January 2013 619: 608: 596:25 January 2013 591: 580: 568:25 January 2013 563: 552: 540:25 January 2013 517: 372:same-sex couples 336: 43: 29: 28: 21: 9759: 9758: 9754: 9753: 9752: 9750: 9749: 9748: 9734: 9733: 9732: 9727: 9706: 9664: 9658: 9644:Northern Cyprus 9626: 9620: 9536:North Macedonia 9357: 9352: 9322: 9317: 9299: 9278:LGBT-free zones 9252: 9233: 9216: 9181: 9156: 9139: 9125: 9110: 9100: 9086: 9072: 9057: 9020: 9006: 8997:Rainbow Madonna 8987: 8968:Culture and art 8963: 8935: 8921: 8919:Let them see us 8907:Lambda Warszawa 8895: 8879: 8866: 8827: 8824: 8783: 8774: 8765: 8764: 8755: 8754: 8752:on 12 May 2008. 8749: 8743: 8732: 8709: 8706: 8701: 8668: 8663: 8653: 8651: 8642: 8641: 8637: 8627: 8625: 8620:Beker, Dorota. 8618: 8614: 8604: 8602: 8593: 8592: 8588: 8578: 8576: 8568: 8567: 8563: 8553: 8551: 8549:NotesfromPoland 8543: 8542: 8538: 8528: 8526: 8523:NotesfromPoland 8517: 8516: 8512: 8502: 8500: 8492: 8491: 8487: 8477: 8475: 8466: 8465: 8461: 8451: 8449: 8440: 8439: 8435: 8425: 8423: 8415: 8414: 8410: 8400: 8398: 8390: 8389: 8385: 8375: 8373: 8365: 8364: 8360: 8350: 8348: 8347:on 5 March 2020 8344: 8337: 8333: 8332: 8328: 8318: 8316: 8307: 8306: 8299: 8289: 8287: 8278: 8277: 8273: 8263: 8261: 8258:Gazeta Wyborcza 8250: 8243: 8230: 8229: 8225: 8215: 8213: 8204: 8203: 8199: 8189: 8187: 8174: 8173: 8169: 8159: 8157: 8148: 8147: 8143: 8135: 8131: 8121: 8119: 8108: 8104: 8089: 8085: 8075: 8073: 8070:Gość Niedzielny 8064: 8063: 8059: 8049: 8047: 8037: 8033: 8023: 8021: 8012: 8011: 8007: 7997: 7995: 7986: 7985: 7981: 7972: 7971: 7967: 7957: 7955: 7945: 7941: 7925: 7921: 7908: 7907: 7903: 7895: 7891: 7881: 7879: 7869: 7865: 7857: 7850: 7842: 7838: 7828: 7826: 7816: 7812: 7804: 7800: 7790: 7788: 7778: 7774: 7764: 7762: 7744: 7740: 7731: 7730: 7726: 7720:Gazeta Wyborcza 7714: 7710: 7697: 7696: 7692: 7679: 7678: 7674: 7659: 7652: 7639: 7638: 7634: 7623: 7619: 7609: 7607: 7597: 7593: 7583: 7581: 7568: 7567: 7563: 7553: 7551: 7542: 7541: 7530: 7520: 7518: 7509: 7508: 7504: 7494: 7492: 7491:. 19 March 2007 7483: 7482: 7478: 7468: 7466: 7465:. 17 March 2007 7457: 7456: 7452: 7442: 7440: 7432: 7431: 7427: 7417: 7415: 7414:on 5 March 2008 7404: 7400: 7390: 7388: 7378: 7371: 7356: 7352: 7339: 7338: 7334: 7329:on 9 June 2019. 7317: 7316: 7312: 7307:on 8 June 2019. 7295: 7294: 7290: 7282: 7278: 7268: 7266: 7261: 7260: 7256: 7246: 7244: 7235: 7234: 7230: 7220: 7218: 7203: 7199: 7184: 7180: 7167: 7166: 7162: 7147: 7143: 7133: 7131: 7116: 7112: 7102: 7100: 7093: 7086: 7076: 7074: 7069:(1 July 2007). 7064: 7060: 7050: 7048: 7039: 7038: 7034: 7024: 7022: 7013: 7012: 7008: 6998: 6996: 6992: 6985: 6981: 6980: 6943: 6933: 6931: 6922: 6921: 6917: 6913:3 December 2020 6909: 6902: 6892: 6890: 6889:on 15 July 2014 6877: 6876: 6872: 6862: 6860: 6859:. 13 March 2013 6851: 6850: 6846: 6836: 6834: 6824: 6820: 6810: 6808: 6799: 6798: 6794: 6784: 6782: 6779:polskieradio.pl 6773: 6772: 6768: 6758: 6756: 6753:polskieradio.pl 6747: 6746: 6742: 6732: 6730: 6722: 6718: 6717: 6713: 6706: 6683: 6675: 6668: 6656: 6652: 6651: 6647: 6637: 6635: 6627: 6626: 6622: 6612: 6610: 6606: 6600: 6596: 6587: 6586: 6582: 6572: 6570: 6565: 6564: 6560: 6550: 6548: 6544: 6540: 6539: 6535: 6522: 6521: 6517: 6511:Wayback Machine 6502: 6498: 6494:. (pages 36–39. 6492:Wayback Machine 6483: 6479: 6473:Wayback Machine 6464: 6460: 6450: 6448: 6443: 6442: 6438: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6419: 6418: 6414: 6401: 6400: 6396: 6386: 6384: 6380: 6376: 6375: 6371: 6361: 6359: 6350: 6349: 6345: 6335: 6333: 6329: 6325: 6324: 6320: 6310: 6308: 6304: 6298: 6294: 6284: 6282: 6278: 6274: 6273: 6269: 6259: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6248: 6244: 6234: 6232: 6228: 6224: 6223: 6219: 6209: 6207: 6203: 6199: 6198: 6194: 6184: 6182: 6164: 6160: 6150: 6148: 6144: 6138: 6134: 6124: 6122: 6118: 6112: 6108: 6098: 6096: 6092: 6086: 6082: 6072: 6070: 6059: 6055: 6045: 6043: 6030: 6029: 6025: 6015: 6013: 6004: 6003: 5999: 5989: 5987: 5980: 5976: 5966: 5964: 5959: 5958: 5954: 5946: 5942: 5932: 5930: 5926: 5925: 5921: 5911: 5909: 5898: 5894: 5887: 5873: 5869: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5850: 5849: 5845: 5836: 5835: 5828: 5819: 5818: 5814: 5804: 5802: 5791: 5790: 5783: 5773: 5771: 5762: 5761: 5757: 5742: 5738: 5728: 5726: 5711: 5707: 5697: 5695: 5686: 5685: 5681: 5671: 5669: 5656: 5652: 5639: 5635: 5626: 5625: 5621: 5612: 5611: 5607: 5597: 5595: 5590: 5589: 5585: 5575: 5573: 5563: 5559: 5549: 5547: 5537: 5533: 5521: 5519: 5509: 5505: 5492: 5491: 5487: 5477: 5475: 5465: 5461: 5446: 5445: 5441: 5431: 5429: 5425: 5421: 5420: 5416: 5410:Wayback Machine 5401: 5397: 5387: 5385: 5381: 5374: 5370: 5369: 5365: 5355: 5353: 5344: 5343: 5339: 5329: 5327: 5326:. 11 March 2021 5318: 5317: 5313: 5303:Wayback Machine 5294: 5290: 5278: 5274: 5266: 5262: 5254: 5250: 5244:Wayback Machine 5235: 5231: 5221: 5219: 5210: 5209: 5205: 5195: 5193: 5192:on 21 July 2011 5184: 5183: 5179: 5169: 5167: 5162: 5161: 5157: 5147: 5145: 5140: 5139: 5135: 5125: 5123: 5118: 5117: 5113: 5103: 5101: 5096: 5095: 5091: 5081: 5079: 5074: 5073: 5069: 5059: 5057: 5048: 5047: 5043: 5033: 5031: 5021: 5017: 5007: 5005: 4996: 4995: 4991: 4981: 4979: 4971: 4970: 4966: 4953: 4952: 4948: 4938: 4936: 4923: 4922: 4918: 4908: 4906: 4905:on 19 June 2018 4893: 4892: 4888: 4878: 4876: 4867: 4866: 4862: 4852: 4850: 4845: 4844: 4840: 4831: 4830: 4826: 4816: 4814: 4809: 4808: 4804: 4794: 4792: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4772: 4770: 4766: 4760: 4756: 4746: 4744: 4736: 4735: 4731: 4721: 4719: 4716:Huffington Post 4708: 4699: 4644: 4640: 4630: 4628: 4623: 4622: 4618: 4608: 4606: 4601: 4600: 4593: 4588: 4584: 4579: 4575: 4544: 4540: 4509: 4505: 4454: 4447: 4437: 4435: 4424: 4420: 4413: 4399: 4390: 4380: 4378: 4369: 4368: 4361: 4352: 4351: 4347: 4335: 4334: 4330: 4318: 4317: 4313: 4304: 4303: 4299: 4289: 4287: 4277: 4273: 4262: 4249: 4237: 4236: 4229: 4216: 4215: 4208: 4196: 4195: 4188: 4171: 4170: 4163: 4150: 4149: 4142: 4128:Family Advocate 4120: 4116: 4105: 4091: 4087: 4076: 4062: 4058: 4047: 4033: 4029: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4001: 3999: 3990: 3989: 3985: 3971: 3967: 3928:Osteuropa Recht 3920: 3911: 3898: 3897: 3890: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3857: 3853: 3843: 3841: 3832: 3825: 3823: 3822:on 29 July 2010 3814: 3813: 3809: 3799: 3797: 3789: 3788: 3784: 3774: 3772: 3760: 3753: 3749: 3706: 3701: 3699: 3692: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3330: 3313: 3298:Gazeta Wyborcza 3266:Mayor of Warsaw 3241:equality parade 3233: 3227: 3207:Parada Równości 3195:Parada Równości 3188: 3102:Law and Justice 3074: 3068: 3040: 3001: 2986: 2936:In March 2007, 2908:Parada Równości 2858: 2847:Mayor of Warsaw 2769:President-elect 2757:Gazeta Wyborcza 2717:Mayor of Warsaw 2692:In the city of 2680:Parada Równości 2671: 2665: 2657: 2651: 2643: 2637: 2611:Law and Justice 2603: 2601:Law and Justice 2595:Dunja Mijatović 2533: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2465: 2461: 2459: 2455: 2453: 2449: 2447: 2443: 2441: 2437: 2410: 2392: 2377: 2367: 2352: 2342: 2327: 2317: 2302: 2292: 2277: 2267: 2249: 2239: 2195: 2177: 2167: 2145: 2135: 2125: 2115: 2098: 2088: 2078: 2068: 2058: 2046: 2039: 2032: 2025: 2018: 2011: 2004: 1997: 1990: 1983: 1974: 1967: 1960: 1953: 1946: 1921: 1900: 1885: 1875: 1860: 1850: 1835: 1825: 1810: 1800: 1788: 1775: 1763: 1756: 1749: 1742: 1718: 1700: 1689: 1672: 1660: 1653: 1632: 1622: 1612: 1602: 1586: 1576: 1566: 1556: 1540: 1523: 1517: 1507: 1497: 1487: 1477: 1467: 1457: 1435: 1417: 1410: 1400: 1390: 1380: 1370: 1360: 1347: 1340: 1330: 1309: 1302: 1295: 1288: 1281: 1274: 1267: 1260: 1253: 1246: 1239: 1232: 1225: 1218: 1211: 1204: 1197: 1190: 1183: 1176: 1169: 1162: 1118: 1112: 1104:gender ideology 1075: 1042: 1033: 1017:RCKiK Bydgoszcz 1005: 957: 951: 927: 902: 894: 892:Hate crime laws 881: 878:Zbigniew Ziobro 859:Zbigniew Ziobro 831:) in 2003. The 821: 783: 775:Kozak v. Poland 740: 718: 690: 662: 634: 606: 578: 550: 512: 368: 362: 299: 267:Lambda Warszawa 240:LGBT-free zones 228:Law and Justice 202:Catholic Church 151: 85:Gender identity 69: 68: 57: 34: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9757: 9747: 9746: 9729: 9728: 9726: 9725: 9720: 9718:European Union 9714: 9712: 9711:Other entities 9708: 9707: 9705: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9674: 9668: 9666: 9665:other entities 9660: 9659: 9657: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9630: 9628: 9622: 9621: 9619: 9618: 9613: 9611:United Kingdom 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9573: 9568: 9563: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9543: 9538: 9533: 9528: 9523: 9518: 9513: 9508: 9503: 9498: 9493: 9488: 9483: 9478: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9436: 9431: 9426: 9424:Czech Republic 9421: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9365: 9363: 9359: 9358: 9351: 9350: 9343: 9336: 9328: 9319: 9318: 9316: 9315: 9304: 9301: 9300: 9298: 9297: 9292: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9268: 9262: 9260: 9254: 9253: 9251: 9250: 9245: 9240: 9228: 9223: 9211: 9206: 9201: 9195: 9193: 9187: 9186: 9183: 9182: 9180: 9179: 9172: 9164: 9162: 9158: 9157: 9155: 9154: 9147: 9133: 9118: 9116: 9112: 9111: 9109: 9108: 9094: 9080: 9065: 9063: 9059: 9058: 9056: 9055: 9048: 9041: 9038:In the Name Of 9034: 9027: 9014: 9012: 9005: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8985:Rainbow Friday 8982: 8977: 8971: 8969: 8965: 8964: 8962: 8961: 8955: 8949: 8943: 8930: 8929: 8928: 8910: 8903: 8901: 8897: 8896: 8894: 8893: 8887: 8874: 8861: 8855: 8849: 8843: 8837: 8835: 8829: 8828: 8826:LGBT in Poland 8823: 8822: 8815: 8808: 8800: 8794: 8793: 8781: 8741: 8723: 8705: 8704:External links 8702: 8686: 8679:Slavic Review, 8667: 8664: 8662: 8661: 8635: 8612: 8586: 8561: 8536: 8525:. 17 June 2024 8510: 8485: 8459: 8433: 8408: 8383: 8358: 8326: 8297: 8271: 8241: 8223: 8197: 8167: 8141: 8129: 8102: 8083: 8057: 8031: 8005: 7979: 7965: 7939: 7927:Boffey, Daniel 7919: 7901: 7889: 7863: 7848: 7836: 7810: 7798: 7772: 7738: 7724: 7708: 7690: 7672: 7650: 7632: 7617: 7591: 7561: 7528: 7502: 7476: 7450: 7425: 7398: 7369: 7350: 7332: 7310: 7288: 7276: 7254: 7228: 7197: 7178: 7160: 7141: 7110: 7084: 7058: 7032: 7021:on 21 May 2014 7006: 6941: 6915: 6900: 6870: 6844: 6818: 6792: 6766: 6740: 6727:data.europa.eu 6711: 6704: 6666: 6645: 6620: 6594: 6580: 6569:. 26 June 2017 6558: 6533: 6515: 6496: 6477: 6458: 6436: 6412: 6394: 6369: 6343: 6318: 6292: 6267: 6242: 6217: 6192: 6158: 6132: 6106: 6080: 6053: 6023: 5997: 5974: 5952: 5940: 5919: 5892: 5885: 5867: 5843: 5826: 5812: 5781: 5770:. 3 March 2018 5755: 5736: 5705: 5679: 5650: 5633: 5619: 5605: 5583: 5557: 5531: 5503: 5485: 5459: 5439: 5414: 5395: 5363: 5337: 5311: 5288: 5272: 5260: 5248: 5229: 5218:on 8 June 2011 5203: 5177: 5155: 5133: 5111: 5089: 5067: 5041: 5015: 4989: 4964: 4961:. 5 June 2018. 4946: 4916: 4886: 4860: 4838: 4824: 4802: 4780: 4754: 4729: 4697: 4658:(3): 631–652. 4638: 4616: 4591: 4582: 4573: 4538: 4503: 4445: 4418: 4411: 4388: 4359: 4345: 4328: 4311: 4297: 4285:Balkan Insight 4271: 4247: 4227: 4206: 4186: 4161: 4140: 4114: 4103: 4085: 4074: 4056: 4045: 4027: 4009: 3998:. 26 June 2019 3983: 3965: 3934:(4): 483–495. 3909: 3888: 3874: 3851: 3840:on 11 May 2013 3807: 3782: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3744: 3743: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3712: 3711: 3697: 3681: 3678: 3675: 3674: 3671: 3664: 3657: 3656: 3653: 3640: 3636: 3635: 3633: 3626: 3622: 3621: 3619: 3612: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3602: 3599: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3584: 3577: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3563: 3559: 3558: 3556: 3549: 3545: 3544: 3541: 3534: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3524: 3522: 3515: 3511: 3510: 3507: 3500: 3496: 3495: 3486: 3479: 3475: 3474: 3470: 3469: 3466: 3459: 3455: 3454: 3451: 3444: 3440: 3439: 3436: 3429: 3425: 3424: 3422: 3415: 3411: 3410: 3408: 3401: 3397: 3396: 3393: 3386: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3376: 3373: 3366: 3362: 3361: 3358: 3351: 3347: 3346: 3342: 3341: 3338: 3335: 3329: 3326: 3312: 3311:Public opinion 3309: 3269:Lech Kaczyński 3257:ruling of the 3229:Main article: 3226: 3223: 3187: 3184: 3157:European Union 3110:LGBT-free zone 3072:LGBT-free zone 3070:Main article: 3067: 3064: 3044:Robert Biedroń 3039: 3036: 3012:Robert Biedroń 3000: 2997: 2985: 2984:Civic Platform 2982: 2981: 2980: 2973: 2966: 2938:Roman Giertych 2920:Roman Giertych 2857: 2854: 2713:Lech Kaczyński 2663: 2649: 2635: 2617:(LPR) and the 2607:2005 elections 2602: 2599: 2564:Civic Platform 2532: 2529: 2514: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2429: 2428: 2427: 2418:equality march 2409: 2408:Public opinion 2406: 2403: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2389: 2386: 2382: 2381: 2374: 2371: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2356: 2349: 2346: 2339: 2336: 2332: 2331: 2324: 2321: 2314: 2311: 2307: 2306: 2299: 2296: 2289: 2286: 2282: 2281: 2274: 2271: 2264: 2261: 2257: 2256: 2253: 2246: 2243: 2236: 2232: 2231: 2228: 2227:Lesbian (Yes) 2225: 2222: 2219: 2207: 2206: 2202: 2199: 2192: 2189: 2184: 2181: 2174: 2171: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2156: 2152: 2149: 2142: 2139: 2132: 2129: 2122: 2119: 2112: 2109: 2105: 2104: 2102: 2095: 2092: 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45: 44: 36: 35: 32: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9756: 9745: 9742: 9741: 9739: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9715: 9713: 9709: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9677:Faroe Islands 9675: 9673: 9670: 9669: 9667: 9661: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9649:South Ossetia 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9631: 9629: 9623: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9572: 9569: 9567: 9564: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9539: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9529: 9527: 9524: 9522: 9519: 9517: 9514: 9512: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9496:Liechtenstein 9494: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9479: 9477: 9475: 9472: 9470: 9467: 9465: 9462: 9460: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9435: 9432: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9422: 9420: 9417: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9366: 9364: 9360: 9356: 9349: 9344: 9342: 9337: 9335: 9330: 9329: 9326: 9314: 9306: 9305: 9302: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9290: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9273: 9272:LGBT ideology 9269: 9267: 9264: 9263: 9261: 9259: 9255: 9249: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9237: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9220: 9215: 9212: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9196: 9194: 9192: 9188: 9178: 9177: 9173: 9171: 9170: 9166: 9165: 9163: 9159: 9153: 9152: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9138: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9124: 9120: 9119: 9117: 9113: 9107: 9104: 9099: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9085: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9071: 9067: 9066: 9064: 9060: 9054: 9053: 9049: 9047: 9046: 9042: 9040: 9039: 9035: 9033: 9032: 9028: 9024: 9019: 9016: 9015: 9013: 9009: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8991: 8986: 8983: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8975:Onu (pronoun) 8973: 8972: 8970: 8966: 8959: 8958:Stop Bullshit 8956: 8953: 8950: 8947: 8944: 8939: 8934: 8931: 8925: 8920: 8917: 8916: 8914: 8911: 8908: 8905: 8904: 8902: 8900:Organizations 8898: 8891: 8890:Rainbow Night 8888: 8883: 8878: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8862: 8859: 8856: 8853: 8850: 8847: 8844: 8842: 8839: 8838: 8836: 8834: 8830: 8821: 8816: 8814: 8809: 8807: 8802: 8801: 8798: 8790: 8786: 8782: 8778: 8771: 8759: 8748: 8744: 8738: 8731: 8730: 8724: 8720: 8716: 8712: 8708: 8707: 8700: 8699: 8695: 8691: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8675: 8673: 8649: 8645: 8639: 8623: 8616: 8600: 8596: 8590: 8575: 8571: 8565: 8550: 8546: 8540: 8524: 8520: 8514: 8499: 8495: 8489: 8473: 8469: 8463: 8448:. 5 June 2018 8447: 8443: 8437: 8422: 8418: 8412: 8397: 8393: 8387: 8372: 8368: 8362: 8343: 8336: 8330: 8314: 8310: 8304: 8302: 8285: 8281: 8275: 8259: 8255: 8248: 8246: 8237: 8233: 8227: 8211: 8207: 8201: 8185: 8181: 8177: 8171: 8156:on 8 May 2014 8155: 8151: 8145: 8138: 8133: 8117: 8113: 8106: 8098: 8094: 8087: 8071: 8067: 8061: 8046: 8042: 8035: 8019: 8015: 8009: 7993: 7989: 7983: 7975: 7974:"Open Letter" 7969: 7954: 7950: 7943: 7936: 7932: 7928: 7923: 7915: 7914:Star Observer 7911: 7905: 7898: 7893: 7878: 7874: 7867: 7860: 7855: 7853: 7845: 7840: 7825: 7821: 7814: 7807: 7802: 7787: 7786:The Telegraph 7783: 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Krakow Post 7098: 7091: 7089: 7072: 7068: 7067:Graham, Colin 7062: 7046: 7042: 7036: 7020: 7016: 7010: 6991: 6984: 6978: 6976: 6974: 6972: 6970: 6968: 6966: 6964: 6962: 6960: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6952: 6950: 6948: 6946: 6929: 6925: 6919: 6912: 6907: 6905: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6874: 6858: 6854: 6848: 6833: 6832:kafkadesk.org 6829: 6822: 6806: 6802: 6796: 6780: 6776: 6770: 6754: 6750: 6744: 6728: 6721: 6715: 6707: 6701: 6697: 6693: 6689: 6682: 6681: 6673: 6671: 6662: 6655: 6649: 6634: 6630: 6624: 6605: 6598: 6590: 6584: 6568: 6562: 6543: 6537: 6529: 6525: 6519: 6512: 6508: 6505: 6500: 6493: 6489: 6486: 6481: 6474: 6470: 6467: 6462: 6446: 6440: 6422: 6416: 6408: 6404: 6398: 6379: 6373: 6357: 6353: 6347: 6328: 6322: 6303: 6296: 6277: 6271: 6252: 6246: 6227: 6221: 6202: 6196: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6169: 6162: 6143: 6136: 6117: 6110: 6091: 6084: 6068: 6064: 6057: 6041: 6037: 6033: 6027: 6011: 6007: 6001: 5985: 5978: 5962: 5956: 5949: 5944: 5929: 5923: 5907: 5903: 5896: 5888: 5882: 5878: 5871: 5853: 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4653: 4652:Slavic Review 4649: 4642: 4626: 4620: 4604: 4598: 4596: 4586: 4577: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4542: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4507: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4452: 4450: 4433: 4429: 4422: 4414: 4408: 4404: 4397: 4395: 4393: 4376: 4372: 4366: 4364: 4355: 4354:"Wyborcza.pl" 4349: 4342: 4338: 4332: 4325: 4321: 4315: 4307: 4301: 4286: 4282: 4275: 4269: 4265: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4244: 4240: 4234: 4232: 4224: 4219: 4213: 4211: 4203: 4199: 4193: 4191: 4183: 4180: 4174: 4168: 4166: 4158: 4153: 4147: 4145: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4118: 4111: 4106: 4104:9781785363047 4100: 4096: 4089: 4082: 4077: 4075:9788325573652 4071: 4067: 4060: 4053: 4048: 4046:9783642354342 4042: 4038: 4031: 4023: 4019: 4013: 3997: 3993: 3987: 3980: 3975: 3969: 3962: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3905: 3901: 3895: 3893: 3877: 3875:9780195117394 3871: 3867: 3866: 3861: 3855: 3839: 3835: 3821: 3817: 3811: 3796: 3792: 3786: 3771: 3770: 3765: 3758: 3756: 3751: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3713: 3709: 3708:Poland portal 3698: 3695: 3684: 3672: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3654: 3651: 3645: 3641: 3638: 3637: 3634: 3631: 3627: 3624: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3613: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3600: 3597: 3593: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3582: 3578: 3575: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3564: 3561: 3560: 3557: 3554: 3550: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3539: 3535: 3532: 3531: 3526: 3523: 3520: 3516: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3505: 3501: 3498: 3497: 3493: 3492: 3487: 3484: 3480: 3477: 3476: 3471: 3467: 3464: 3460: 3457: 3456: 3452: 3449: 3445: 3442: 3441: 3437: 3434: 3430: 3427: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3416: 3413: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3402: 3399: 3398: 3394: 3391: 3387: 3384: 3383: 3378: 3374: 3371: 3367: 3364: 3363: 3359: 3356: 3352: 3349: 3348: 3343: 3339: 3336: 3334: 3333: 3328:Summary table 3325: 3321: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3301: 3299: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3285: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3262: 3260: 3256: 3255: 3248: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3237:LGBT movement 3232: 3220: 3215: 3208: 3203: 3196: 3192: 3183: 3181: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3166: 3160: 3158: 3153: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3138: 3134: 3132: 3127: 3125: 3121: 3120: 3119:Gazeta Polska 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3100:, the ruling 3099: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3063: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3035: 3031: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3004:Your Movement 2999:Your Movement 2996: 2994: 2991: 2978: 2974: 2971: 2967: 2964: 2960: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2939: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2916: 2913: 2909: 2904: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2862:2005 election 2853: 2851: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2835: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2820:Black Madonna 2816: 2811: 2809: 2808:Anna Zalewska 2805: 2799: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2786: 2781: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2762: 2758: 2753: 2751: 2746: 2740: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2726: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2709:2005 election 2705: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2690: 2688: 2683: 2681: 2677: 2668: 2662: 2654: 2648: 2640: 2634: 2630: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2598: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2583: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2567: 2565: 2560: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2549:Confederation 2546: 2542: 2541:Your Movement 2538: 2528: 2524: 2521: 2517: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2483: 2482: 2480: 2475: 2473: 2435: 2434: 2423: 2419: 2414: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2383: 2380: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2365: 2362: 2359: 2358: 2355: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2333: 2330: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2308: 2305: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2283: 2280: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2265: 2262: 2259: 2258: 2254: 2252: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2237: 2234: 2233: 2230:Lesbian (No) 2229: 2226: 2223: 2220: 2218:, July 2005) 2217: 2213: 2212: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2198: 2193: 2190: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2096: 2093: 2091: 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1492: 1490: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1422: 1420: 1415: 1413: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1398: 1395: 1393: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1345: 1343: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1315: 1312: 1307: 1305: 1300: 1298: 1293: 1291: 1286: 1284: 1279: 1277: 1272: 1270: 1265: 1263: 1258: 1256: 1251: 1249: 1244: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1230: 1228: 1223: 1221: 1216: 1214: 1209: 1207: 1202: 1200: 1195: 1193: 1188: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1174: 1172: 1167: 1165: 1160: 1159: 1121: 1117: 1110:Opinion polls 1107: 1105: 1100: 1097: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1082: 1080: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1059: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1037: 1028: 1024: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1009: 1000: 998: 993: 988: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 956: 946: 944: 939: 936: 932: 922: 920: 916: 910: 906: 897: 889: 885: 879: 875: 871: 868: 863: 860: 855: 850: 846: 843: 837: 834: 830: 826: 816: 812: 810: 804: 802: 798: 793: 790: 788: 778: 776: 772: 768: 767:III CZP 65/12 763: 761: 757: 751: 749: 745: 730: 726: 723: 721: 716: 713: 710: 707: 706: 702: 698: 695: 693: 688: 685: 682: 679: 678: 674: 670: 667: 665: 660: 657: 654: 651: 650: 646: 642: 639: 637: 632: 629: 626: 623: 622: 618: 614: 611: 609: 604: 601: 598: 595: 594: 590: 586: 583: 581: 576: 573: 570: 567: 566: 562: 558: 555: 553: 548: 545: 542: 539: 538: 534: 531: 528: 525: 522: 519: 518: 507: 505: 501: 497: 496:LGBT movement 493: 488: 484: 479: 477: 472: 470: 466: 462: 459: 454: 452: 448: 444: 443:Your Movement 440: 436: 435:Your Movement 432: 427: 422: 418: 415: 411: 406: 403: 397: 395: 391: 387: 386:Supreme Court 382: 378: 373: 367: 357: 355: 351: 347: 342: 340: 339:Monika Płatek 335: 329: 327: 323: 319: 315: 310: 308: 304: 294: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 251: 250:" in Poland. 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 229: 226:, the ruling 225: 221: 216: 212: 207: 203: 199: 194: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 171: 166: 164: 160: 156: 149: 139: 137: 133: 130: 127: 125: 121: 118:Family rights 116: 112: 108: 106: 102: 98: 96: 92: 88: 86: 82: 78: 76: 72: 67: 65: 61: 55: 49: 42: 37: 30: 27: 19: 9654:Transnistria 9616:Vatican City 9545: 9287: 9257: 9174: 9167: 9149: 9135: 9121: 9096: 9082: 9068: 9050: 9043: 9036: 9029: 8864:Tęczowy Laur 8788: 8747:the original 8728: 8719:the original 8714: 8689: 8687: 8681: 8678: 8676: 8671: 8669: 8666:Bibliography 8652:. Retrieved 8647: 8638: 8626:. Retrieved 8615: 8603:. Retrieved 8598: 8589: 8577:. Retrieved 8573: 8564: 8552:. Retrieved 8548: 8539: 8527:. Retrieved 8522: 8513: 8501:. Retrieved 8497: 8488: 8476:. Retrieved 8472:PolskieRadio 8471: 8462: 8450:. Retrieved 8446:The Guardian 8445: 8436: 8424:. Retrieved 8420: 8411: 8399:. Retrieved 8395: 8386: 8374:. Retrieved 8370: 8361: 8349:. Retrieved 8342:the original 8329: 8317:. Retrieved 8312: 8288:. Retrieved 8283: 8274: 8262:. Retrieved 8257: 8235: 8226: 8214:. Retrieved 8209: 8200: 8188:. Retrieved 8184:the original 8179: 8170: 8158:. Retrieved 8154:the original 8144: 8132: 8120:. Retrieved 8116:the original 8105: 8097:the original 8086: 8074:. Retrieved 8069: 8060: 8048:. Retrieved 8044: 8034: 8022:. Retrieved 8017: 8008: 7996:. Retrieved 7991: 7982: 7968: 7956:. Retrieved 7952: 7942: 7935:The Guardian 7922: 7913: 7904: 7892: 7880:. Retrieved 7876: 7866: 7839: 7827:. Retrieved 7823: 7813: 7801: 7789:. Retrieved 7785: 7775: 7763:. 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