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General Permitted Development Order

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954: 904: 833: 689: 532: 275: 136: 1339:(LPA). This seeks approval of various matters, dependent on the nature of the use, but might typically include matters relating to transport and highways impacts, contamination risks, and flooding risks. For example, in the case of a change of use to A3 (restaurant and cafes) under Part 3 Class C, the developer needs to apply to the LPA with respect to transport and highways impacts, noise impacts, odour impacts, the impacts of storage and handling of waste, the impacts of the hours of opening, the impacts on adequate provision of services and (if applicable) the sustainability of a key shopping area, and (in the case of building or other operations) siting, design or external appearance. 1004: 416: 2640: 24: 1563:
In August 2021, the Government introduced a powerful new Permitted Development Right which allows the change of use of commercial properties within Use Class E to residential uses, without the need for full planning permission, subject to complying with some limitations and criteria. The intention of
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For the above changes, public consultations were undertaken from 8 April 2011 to 30 June 2011, from 3 July 2012 to 11 September 2012, from 12 November 2012 to 24 December 2012, from 3 May 2013 to 14 June 2013, from 6 August 2013 to 15 October 2013, from 31 July 2014 to 26 September 2014, from 5 March
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Permitted development rights currently exist for the change of use of premises from B1(a) (offices) to C3 (dwellinghouses). This is subject to prior approval with respect to transport and highways impacts, contamination risks, flooding risks, and the impacts of noise from commercial premises on the
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announced that temporary changes to Permitted Development Rights, in place since 2012 and due to expire on 30 May 2019, would become permanent. In effect the new legislation means home owners can build up to 8 metres projection from the rear wall if building on a detached property (rather than the
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Article 3 sets out that the GPDO 2015 grants planning permission for the classes of development in Schedule 2 (referred to as "permitted development"), subject to any relevant exception, limitation or condition specified in Schedule 2. Article 3 also sets out a number of exceptions, including that
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published a document titled "Notification of a proposed larger Home Extension", which provides advice about the system of larger rear extensions under Part 1 Class A. This document was subsequently updated in May 2019, August 2019, and November 2019. The current version of this document is titled
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In May 2013, DCLG published a document titled "Home Extensions - Neighbour Consultation Scheme", which provided advice about the system of larger rear extensions under Part 1 Class A. This document was subsequently updated in June 2013 and June 2015. In March 2016, this document was replaced by a
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The earlier version of the legislation, the GPDO 1995, came into force on 3 June 1995. The GPDO 1995 has been amended by a number of subsequent statutory instruments. With respect to England, the Planning Jungle website states that the GPDO 1995 was amended by a total of 37 subsequent statutory
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In March 2024, the Government made changes to further encourage uptake of Class MA Permitted Development Rights. Since the 5th March 2024, buildings no longer need to have been vacant (whereas before they needed to have been vacant for at least 3 months), and there is no limit on the size of
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specifies the classes of development for which planning permission is granted, and specifies the exceptions, limitations, and conditions that apply to some of these classes. The GPDO 2015 was made by the Secretary of State under authority granted by sections 59, 60, and 333 of the
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Class A covers the enlargement, improvement or alterations to a house such as rear or side extensions as well as general alterations such as new windows and doors. From 30 May 2013 to 30 May 2019 a neighbour consultation scheme for larger rear extensions under Class A is
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Schedule 2 specifies the classes of development for which planning permission is granted, and specifies the exceptions, limitations, and conditions that apply to some of these classes. These classes are contained within the following 20 "Parts":
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For the above legislation, public consultations were undertaken from 21 May 2007 to 17 August 2007, from 12 November 2012 to 24 December 2012, from 31 July 2014 to 26 September 2014, and from 29 October 2018 to 14 January 2019.
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The GPDO 2015 came into force in England on 15 April 2015, and was introduced by Statutory Instrument 2015 No. 596. The GPDO 2015 revoked the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995
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Schedule 2 specifies the classes of development to which article 3 refers (i.e. for which planning permission is granted). These classes are contained within 21 "Parts" (i.e. Parts 1 to 20, including Part
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would need to reinstate an Article 4 Direction to resist the conversion of commercial properties to residential use. Many such as St Albans City and District Council have not reinstated these directions.
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the GPDO 2015 does not permit development contrary to any condition imposed by any planning permission, and that the GPDO 2015 does not grant permission where the existing building or use is unlawful.
431:, applying in England, that grants planning permission for certain types of development without the requirement for approval from the local planning authority (such development is then referred to as 1550:
that have an existing Article 4 Direction which restricts the change of use from office space to residential space (under the old O class) would remain valid until 31st July 2022. After this date,
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published a document titled "Technical Guidance: Permitted development for householders", which provides advice about how to interpret Part 1. This document was subsequently updated in April 2014.
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previous 4 metres) and 6 metres if attached (rather than the previous 3 metres) as Permitted Development. The height restrictions remain at 3 metres height to eaves and 4 metres overall height.
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intended occupiers of the development. For development that's assessed against the pre-06/04/2016 version of this class, the use of the building within C3 must begin on or before 30 May 2016, (
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The changes have been met with some resistance by Councils and academics, with some concerned that the quality of housing produced is short of standards which would otherwise be allowed.
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In May 2014, DCLG published the "Planning practice guidance", which includes a section titled "What are permitted development rights?". This website is updated on an ongoing basis.
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Schedule 1 Part 3, which was deleted with effect from 31 May 2019, defined "article 2(5) land", which consisted of designated areas within a total of 17 different local authorities.
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this Permitted Development Right is twofold; to provide some much needed housing on brownfield sites: and to revive England's high streets by bringing vacant units back into use.
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In August 2021, the Government replaced Class O Permitted Development Rights with Class MA Permitted Development Rights (see below). The Government announced that
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2015 to 16 April 2015, from 13 August 2015 to 24 September 2015, and from 18 February 2016 to 15 April 2016, and from 29 October 2018 to 14 January 2019.
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In the above "Permitted development rights for householders: technical guidance" document, the 8 classes of Schedule 2 Part 1 are described as follows:
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The phrase "permitted development" is often used to refer to Schedule 2 Part 1, which relates to "Development within the curtilage of a dwellinghouse".
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Article 1 sets out that the GPDO 2015 applies to all land in England, with exceptions where the land is the subject of a special development order.
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With respect to England, householder permitted development is set out by Schedule 2 Part 1 of the GPDO 2015, as introduced on 15 April 2015 by
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With respect to Wales, householder permitted development is set out by Schedule 2 Part 1 of the GPDO 1995, as amended on 30 September 2013 by
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resisted the office-to-residential rights and brought in Article 4 Directions so these rights do not apply to certain areas within:
1490: 1290: 2082: 1580: 1351:) Some local authorities have removed permitted development rights from areas within their boroughs via an article 4 directions. 2314:"Amendment to permitted development rights for drilling boreholes for groundwater monitoring for petroleum exploration - GOV.UK" 56: 2799: 2211: 1763: 1732: 1701: 1670: 1639: 1016: 544: 287: 148: 2591: 2750: 2628: 2040: 459:/418) (the "GPDO 1995"), in England, which was the previous version of the legislation, and which remains current in Wales. 2804: 1304:
Class B covers additions or alterations to roofs which enlarge the house such as loft conversions involving dormer windows.
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Article 4 sets out that the Secretary of State or the local planning authority may make a direction (referred to as an
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Since it came into force, the GPDO 2015 has been amended by a number of subsequent statutory instruments, including
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properties that can be converted (whereas before the space to be converted needed to be 1,500 sq meters or less).
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New opportunities for sustainable development and growth through the reuse of existing buildings: consultation
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The 1995 Order was only revoked insofar as it applied to England; it remains in effect in relation to Wales.
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For the above legislation, a public consultation was undertaken from 23 November 2010 to 15 February 2011.
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Class H covers the installation, alteration, or replacement of microwave antenna such as satellite dishes.
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Class C covers other alterations to roofs such as re-roofing or the installation of roof lights/windows.
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Changes to Permitted Development: Consultation Paper 2 - Permitted Development Rights for Householders
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Class G covers the installation, alteration, or replacement of a chimney, flue or soil and vent pipe.
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Warehouse conversion to flats in Hull. Development of this type is sometimes allowed under the GPDO.
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Class F covers the provision of hard surfaces within the curtilage of the house such as driveways.
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Class E covers the provision of buildings and other development within the curtilage of the house.
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With respect to England, Schedule 2 Parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 16 were amended on 30 May 2013 by
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Extending permitted development rights for homeowners and businesses: technical consultation
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Extending permitted development rights for homeowners and businesses: technical consultation
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Application to determine if prior approval is required for a proposed: Larger Home Extension
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Relaxation of planning rules for change of use from commercial to residential: consultation
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Planning Reform: Supporting the high street and increasing the delivery of new homes
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The Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) (England) Order 2015 (
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The following list shows all of the versions of the GPDO from 1948 to present:
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Schedule 1 Part 1 defines "article 2(3) land", which includes land which is a
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Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) (England) Order 2015
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Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) (England) Order 2015
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Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) (England) Order 2015
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Consultation: Proposed Changes to Householder Permitted Development Rights
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The Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995 (
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Some changes of use are subject to a prior approval procedure with the
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Part 19: Development by the Crown or for national security purposes.
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Part 12A: Development by Local Authorities and Health Service Bodies
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Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995
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Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995
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Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995
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The Planning Jungle website - GPDO 1995 (Consolidated) (Superseded)
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Permitted development rights for householders: technical guidance
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Class D covers the erection of a porch outside an external door.
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The Planning Jungle website - Part 1 of the GPDO - Visual Guide
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The Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1988 (
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The Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1948 (
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The Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1977.
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The Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1973.
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The Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1963.
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The Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1959.
2169:"Technical Guidance: Permitted development for householders" 2034: 1417:, Parts 1, 4, 7, 14, and 15 were amended on 6 April 2017 by 1156:
Part 1: Development within the curtilage of a dwellinghouse.
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http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2020/330/article/4/made
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1948
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1959
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1963
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1977
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1973
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1973
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1973
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1977
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1977
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1988
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Town and Country Planning General Development Order 1988
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document published by the Planning Portal (see below).
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Statutory Instrument 2015 No. 596 - Original (As made)
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Mobile connectivity in England: technical consultation
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Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government
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The Planning Portal website - Do you need permission?
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Greater flexibilities for change of use: consultation
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Article 2 defines various terms within the GPDO 2015.
1661:"Town and Country Planning Act 1990: Section 60" 1630:"Town and Country Planning Act 1990: Section 59" 1421:, Parts 3, 4, and 11 were amended on 23 May 2017 by 1265:
Guidance on the permeable surfacing of front gardens
1220: 1270:In August 2010, DCLG published a document titled 1174:Part 7: Non-domestic extensions, alterations etc. 1168:Part 5: Caravan sites and recreational campsites. 2791: 1460: 438: 2645:Town and country planning in the United Kingdom 1593:Town and country planning in the United Kingdom 1261:Department for Communities and Local Government 1146: 2715:Nationally significant infrastructure project 2622: 1437:, Part 12A was introduced on 9 April 2020 by 1413:, Part 16 was amended on 24 November 2016 by 1405:, all Parts were amended on 15 April 2015 by 1092: 2602:Planning Geek Website - GPDO in simple terms 2465: 1229:Householder permitted development in England 2815:Statutory instruments of the United Kingdom 1389:, Part 11 was amended on 1 October 2013 by 1385:, Part 16 was amended on 21 August 2013 by 1216:Part 20: Construction of New Dwellinghouses 2629: 2615: 1766:, 18 March 2015, SI 2015/596 (art. 8) 1355:Householder permitted development in Wales 1189:Part 12: Development by local authorities. 2700:Planning permission in the United Kingdom 2684:Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 2414: 1433:, Part 4 was amended on 24 March 2020 by 108:Learn how and when to remove this message 2083:"What are permitted development rights?" 1723:"Coal Industry Act 1994: Section 54" 1376: 1207:Part 17: Mining and mineral exploration. 414: 2543:"Gove to Loosen Commercial Conversions" 1253:, and then amended on 1 August 2020 by 2792: 1735:, 5 July 1994, 1994 c. 21 (s. 54) 1704:, 24 May 1990, 1990 c. 8 (s. 333) 1180:Part 9: Development relating to roads. 1177:Part 8: Transport-related development. 44:Please improve this article by adding 2751:Town and Country Planning Association 2610: 2026:GPDO 1995 (Consolidated) (Superseded) 1673:, 24 May 1990, 1990 c. 8 (s. 60) 1642:, 24 May 1990, 1990 c. 8 (s. 59) 1559:Class MA Permitted Development Rights 1263:("DCLG") published a document titled 1165:Part 4: Temporary buildings and uses. 806:Text of statute as originally enacted 662:Text of statute as originally enacted 408:Text of statute as originally enacted 252:Text of statute as originally enacted 57:"General Permitted Development Order" 17: 2664:General Permitted Development Order 2005:"Statutory Instrument 1995 No. 418" 1785:"Statutory Instrument 2015 No. 596" 1210:Part 18: Miscellaneous development. 1201:Part 15: Power related development. 13: 2679:National Planning Policy Framework 2659:Town and Country Planning Act 1990 2466:admin_albans (25 September 2023). 2140:Technical consultation on planning 1361:Statutory Instrument 2013 No. 1776 1241:, then amended on 6 April 2017 by 1237:, then amended on 6 April 2016 by 1171:Part 6: Agricultural and forestry. 1121:Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty 768:Town and Country Planning Act 1971 624:Town and Country Planning Act 1971 444:Town and Country Planning Act 1990 370:Town and Country Planning Act 1990 230:Town and Country Planning Act 1990 14: 2826: 2575: 1330: 1249:, then amended on 25 May 2019 by 1245:, then amended on 1 June 2018 by 1221:Householder permitted development 1186:Part 11: Heritage and demolition. 2638: 1452:On 25 May 2019 Housing Minister 1009:Parliament of the United Kingdom 1002: 959:Parliament of the United Kingdom 952: 909:Parliament of the United Kingdom 902: 838:Parliament of the United Kingdom 831: 694:Parliament of the United Kingdom 687: 537:Parliament of the United Kingdom 530: 280:Parliament of the United Kingdom 273: 141:Parliament of the United Kingdom 134: 22: 2560: 2535: 2510: 2485: 2459: 2434: 2408: 2383: 2358: 2332: 2306: 2280: 2266: 2251: 2236: 2220: 2205: 2183: 2161: 2115: 2100: 2075: 2049: 2019: 1997: 1975: 1953: 1931: 1909: 1887: 1865: 1843: 1345:see Schedule 2, Part 3, Class O 1821: 1799: 1777: 1746: 1715: 1684: 1653: 1622: 1604: 1574: 1: 2800:Housing in the United Kingdom 2746:Royal Town Planning Institute 1616: 1461:Part 3 Class O excluded areas 1183:Part 10: Repairs to services. 46:secondary or tertiary sources 2057:"Planning practice guidance" 2045:The Planning Portal website. 2041:Permitted Development Rights 2030:The Planning Jungle website. 1195:Part 13: Water and sewerage. 7: 2805:United Kingdom planning law 2761:Local development framework 2705:Outline Planning Permission 1586: 1147:Schedule 2 of the GPDO 2015 439:Schedule 2 of the GPDO 2015 10: 2831: 1552:local planning authorities 1548:local planning authorities 1467:local planning authorities 1198:Part 14: Renewable energy. 1093:Operation of the GPDO 2015 984:United Kingdom legislation 934:United Kingdom legislation 884:United Kingdom legislation 813:United Kingdom legislation 669:United Kingdom legislation 512:United Kingdom legislation 449: 259:United Kingdom legislation 120:United Kingdom legislation 2759: 2723: 2692: 2651: 2415:Environmental, Oakshire. 1159:Part 2: Minor operations. 1038: 1028: 1015: 1001: 996: 989: 975: 965: 951: 946: 939: 925: 915: 901: 896: 889: 875: 859: 854: 844: 830: 825: 818: 804: 797: 781: 773:Local Government Act 1972 760: 746: 741: 731: 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Changes of use. 427:(the "GPDO 2015") is a 2652:Legislation and policy 2421:Oakshire Environmental 1491:Kensington and Chelsea 724:Laid before Parliament 580:Laid before Parliament 503:www.legislation.gov.uk 420: 375:Coal Industry Act 1994 326:Laid before Parliament 235:Coal Industry Act 1994 186:Laid before Parliament 33:relies excessively on 2736:Planning Inspectorate 2195:17 April 2012 at the 1764:The National Archives 1733:The National Archives 1702:The National Archives 1671:The National Archives 1640:The National Archives 1377:Amendments since 2013 433:permitted development 418: 997:Statutory Instrument 947:Statutory Instrument 897:Statutory Instrument 826:Statutory Instrument 682:Statutory Instrument 525:Statutory Instrument 429:statutory instrument 268:Statutory Instrument 129:Statutory Instrument 2810:1995 in British law 2779:Neighbourhood forum 1579:In response to the 1541:Vale of White Horse 1284:In March 2016, the 1133:World Heritage Site 1110:Article 4 direction 264: 125: 2710:Grampian condition 2346:. 18 February 2016 1829:"SI 2016 No. 1040" 1759:legislation.gov.uk 1728:legislation.gov.uk 1697:legislation.gov.uk 1666:legislation.gov.uk 1635:legislation.gov.uk 1366:In July 2013, the 421: 262: 123: 2787: 2786: 2674:Localism Act 2011 2669:Highways Act 1980 1983:"SI 2020 No. 632" 1961:"SI 2020 No. 412" 1939:"SI 2020 No. 330" 1917:"SI 2019 No. 907" 1895:"SI 2018 No. 343" 1873:"SI 2017 No. 619" 1851:"SI 2017 No. 391" 1807:"SI 2016 No. 332" 1581:COVID-19 pandemic 1125:conservation area 1045: 1044: 1034:England and Wales 982: 981: 971:England and Wales 932: 931: 921:England and Wales 882: 881: 855:Other legislation 850:England and Wales 811: 810: 742:Other legislation 706:England and Wales 667: 666: 598:Other legislation 562:England and Wales 413: 412: 344:Other legislation 257: 256: 204:Other legislation 118: 117: 110: 92: 2822: 2643: 2642: 2641: 2631: 2624: 2617: 2608: 2607: 2570: 2564: 2558: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2514: 2508: 2507: 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Parliament of the United Kingdom
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England
Commencement
Town and Country Planning Act 1990
Coal Industry Act 1994
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Parliament of the United Kingdom
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SI 1995
Commencement
Town and Country Planning Act 1990
Coal Industry Act 1994
Revoked by
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Schedule 2 of the GPDO 2015

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