1012:
opening day of the trial
Pyatakov told a story that while he was on an official visit to Berlin in December 1935, he secretly flew by private plane to an airdrome 'in Oslo' where he was taken by car to meet Trotsky, who was in exile in Norway, to receive instructions. This was provably false. Within a few days, Norwegian journalists had established that no aircraft had landed at Oslo's Kjeller airfield in December 1935, nor on any date between September and May. On 30 January 1937, he was sentenced to death, and executed on 1 February.
786:
72:
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577:
855:, to which he had been elected a candidate member, for the first time, in April 1922. He became a full member only in May 1924. Lenin described Pyatakov as "a man undoubtedly distinguished in will and ability, but too much given over to administration and the administrative side of things to be relied on in a serious political situation."
416:
1011:
At his trial he was accused of conspiring with
Trotsky in connection with the case of a so-called Parallel anti-Soviet Party Centre to overthrow the Soviet government in collaboration with Nazi Germany, the latter being promised a reward of large tracts of Soviet territory, including Ukraine. On the
866:
in
October 1923, and in the debate that followed he was "their most aggressive and effective spokesman" who "wherever he went easily obtained large majorities for bluntly worded resolutions." But his personal relationship with Trotsky was distant. Simon Liberman, who worked for the Soviet government
984:
on 21 August 1936, halfway through the first of the Moscow show trials, in which
Zinoviev and Kamenev were lead defendants, declaring: "These people have lost the last semblance of humanity. They must be destroyed like carrion polluting the pure bracing air of the lands of the soviets...", but that
876:
Despite his support for
Trotsky, Pyatakov was anxious that the communist party did not split irreconcilably. After an angry meeting in October 1926, at which Trotsky called Stalin the 'gravedigger of the revolution' to his face, Pyatakov was visibly distressed and demanded of Trotsky "Why, why have
916:
met
Pyatakov in Paris early in 1928 and suggested to him that he has capitulated out of cowardice, Pyatakov riposted with a eulogy about the historic role of the Soviet communist party saying that, for the party, nothing was inadmissible, and nothing impossible, and that a true Bolshevik submerged
871:
As he picked up the telephone leisurely and listened, Pyatakov's whole manner changed. It became quick and nervously abrupt. He said, "Right away!" and after replacing the receiver began hurriedly to put on his military equipment – all of it, it seemed. Tightening his belt sprucely, fastening his
1056:
Pyatakov's second wife, Ludmila
Dityateva (1899-1937), whom he married during the civil war, joined the communist party in 1919, was expelled in 1927 as a member of the Left Opposition, and reinstated in 1929. On 11 June 1936, she was appointed the first woman director of the Krasnopresnenskaya
989:
publicly announced that
Pyatakov, among others, had been named by the defendants as being involved in 'criminal counter-revolutionary activities, and was under investigation. On 11 September 1936, the Politburo ruled that he was to be expelled from the Central Committee and from the party.
2612:
1008:. From 23–30 January 1937, he was the lead defendant at the second of the Moscow show trials, the trial of the so-called 'Anti-Soviet Trotskyite Centre', a 'parallel' centre that was supposedly run from abroad by Trotsky with the intention of overthrowing the Soviet government.
931:
that
Pyatakov was a "poor commissar" and a "hostage to his bureaucracy". In September, he called him a "genuine rightist Trotskyist" and a "harmful element". Pyatakov was removed from office on 15 October, and appointed head of the All-Union Chemical Industry Association.
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before the
Bolshevik revolution. Afterwards, he worked as a scientist. He was arrested three times: in Vladivostok, in 1931; and sentenced to three years' exile; in Baku, in 1939, and sentenced to eight years in labour camps; and in 1948, in Aralsk. He died in Baku.
967:
had confessed to being part of an anti-soviet conspiracy, and had implicated Pyatakov. He insisted that they were lying. According to what Stalin told a Central Committee plenum six months later, Pyatakov was invited to act as public prosecutor in the forthcoming
4354:
1060:
They had three children. Their son, Grigori, born in 1919, changed his name to Proletarsky to avoid being persecuted because of his parents. He died in 2011. Their daughter, Rada, (1923-1942), was sent to an orphanage in 1937 and died during the
972:, to which he readily agreed, but, according to Stalin, when told that he would not be suited to the task, he exclaimed: "How can I prove that I am right? Let me! I will personally shoot all those you condemn to be shot. All the bastards!"
3814:
4514:
526:, complaining that "neither Yuri (Pyatakov), quite a little pig, nor E. B. has a particle of brain, and if they had allowed themselves to descend to group stupidity with Bukharin, then we had to break with them, more precisely with
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From the end of the civil war, in 1920, until 1936, Pyatakov worked as an economic administrator, with short interruptions. From 1920-1921, he was placed in charge of the management of the coal mining industry in the
1867:
3804:
880:
In 1927, Pyatakov was sent to Paris as trade representative at the USSR embassy. In December 1927, he was expelled from the Communist Party for belonging to the "Trotskyite–Zinovievite" bloc. He was the first
617:
1755:
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With a majority behind them during the spring and summer of 1918, the Ukrainian Left Communists went ahead with their plans for an insurrection, but the attempt, launched in August 1918, was a complete
4429:
3809:
1805:
1281:
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For the next ten years, Pyatakov was a leader of the left-wing communists. His opinions on some points of the theory and tactics of the revolutionary struggle were in opposition to that of the party's
714:
362:
924:
to move on to collective farms, Pyatakov gave a speech in October 1929 calling for "extreme rates of collectivisation" and declaring that "the heroic period of our socialist construction has begun."
920:
Pyatakov was recalled to Moscow and restored to party membership in 1928. He was deputy chairman of Gosbank in 1928–29, and chairman, 1929–30. After Stalin had ordered the start of the campaign to
1780:
1679:
697:. He maintained that Ukraine was not a signatory to the Brest-Litovsk treaty, and could therefore justifiably go to war against Germany. He and his supporters on the left, who included Bosch and
1031:
Pyatakov's older brother, Leonid (1888–1917) joined the Bolsheviks in 1916, and in 1917 was elected chairman of the Kiev revolutionary committee. He stayed in Kiev while it was ruled by the
2589:
3999:
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1092:. (This volume includes a translation of an autobiographical entry written by Pyatakov around 1926, for a Soviet encyclopaedia) London: George Allen & Unwin. pp. 182–4.
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999:
900:, Pyatakov would go to the office the next day with his brief case. Now I can add more earnestly that if this fails to come about, it will be only through lack of a Bonapartist
4424:
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712:
From November 1918, after the German army withdrew from Ukraine, to mid-January 1919, Pyatakov was a head of the Provisional Worker's and Peasant's Government of Ukraine (
626:
411:
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3873:
3331:
1575:. New York: Random House. p. 271 ("Such evil idiocies reached their nadir when in 1936 Georgy Pyatakov begged Nikolai Yezhov to let him shoot his convicted wife").
682:
633:'s fiercest opponents on the national problem regarding both the course to be followed towards the socialist revolution as well as the Bolsheviks' peace settlement with
1035:. He was arrested by Cossacks on 25 December 1917, and was found dead near Kiev on 15 January, his body showing marks of torture. The Rada denied ordering his killing.
606:
3175:
2139:
644:
During the party conference in Petrograd, in May 1917–at a time of growing support in Finland for independence from Russia– Stalin put forward a motion in favour of
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Thermal Power Plant in Moscow, less than two months later, on 11 July. She was shot on 20 June 1937. She was 'rehabilitated' at the same time as Pyatakov in 1991.
963:
at the time, but returned to Moscow, and met Stalin and other senior communists, who told him that several former members of the Left Opposition being held by the
872:
sabre and his holstered revolver, he explained without looking at me: "Lev Davidovich loves the 'pathos of distance' between us and himself. He is probably right."
4394:
3580:
2345:
4231:
994:
694:
1290:
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1705:"Пятаков Юрий Леонидович – Мартиролог: Жертвы политических репрессий, расстрелянные и захороненные в Москве и Московской области в период с 1918 по 1953 год"
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848:
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1942:
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This has been taken to imply that Pyatakov was volunteering to shoot his wife, the mother of his children, if she were convicted and condemned to death.
652:
international principles; he proposed that the party adopt the slogan "down with frontiers", which Lenin dismissed as "hopelessly muddled" and a "mess".
4288:
659:, in November 1917, Lenin called Pyatakov to Petrograd to take over the state bank, whose staff were refusing to release funds for the new government.
601:
381:. Pyatakov was considered by contemporaries to be one of the early communist state's best economic administrators, but with poor political judgement.
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2853:
2723:
2415:
2385:
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2315:
146:
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of small nations, which Pyatakov opposed. He declared that the party had to end the idea of self-identification of every nation, and stood for anti-
4293:
4241:
3845:
3350:
2405:
2395:
2365:
612:
4062:
2154:
732:
4176:
4171:
2380:
2355:
3831:
3083:
2581:
588:, Pyatakov returned to Russia from Norway but was arrested at the border due to having a false passport. He was subsequently escorted to
4414:
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1219:
936:
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4419:
3637:
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3119:
2991:
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3141:
3107:
2086:
1902:
943:. In February 1934, he was restored to full membership of the Central Committee. In October 1935, he chaired the first congress of
701:, remained in control of the Ukrainian party during most of 1918, but the insurrection which they launched against the pro-German
4056:
3413:
3129:
2911:
686:
4449:
4114:
3383:
3229:
3088:
3016:
1154:
Northern Underground, Episodes of Russian Revolutionary Transport and Communications through Scandinavia and Finland, 1863–1917
822:
811:
560:
Pyatakov and Bosch remained together until she committed suicide by self-inflicted gunshot in January 1925, after hearing that
460:
296:
113:
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3170:
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455:, until he was expelled in 1910, and deported back to Kiev, for taking part in student disturbances. There, he joined the
3610:
3602:
3418:
3037:
3001:
2189:
2079:
889:
on 29 February 1928. For the next eight years he stuck to the party line. This prompted a scathing comment from Trotsky:
670:(signed 3 March 1918). In protest, he resigned his post at the state bank and returned to Ukraine, intending to organise
432:
group, which carried out armed robberies. In 1907 he was involved in a plot to assassinate the Governor General of Kiev,
308:
541:
in April 1916 for being present at a conference organised by Swedish socialists to oppose attempts to involve Sweden in
4469:
3210:
3021:
2111:
917:
his personality in the party to the extent that he could break with his own beliefs and honestly agree with the party.
825:. At the conclusion of which, he sentenced all 12 defendants to death- though the death sentences were later commuted.
410:, where his father, Leonid Timofeyevich Pyatakov (1847–1915), was an engineer and director of the large Mariinsky or
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3326:
3124:
3006:
1634:
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1515:
1379:
1324:
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during part on the 1920s was with Pyatakov in the Crimea, in 1920, and witnessed how he reacted when Trotsky rang:
17:
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4494:
1039:
663:
1834:
514:. However, during 1915, the Bolshevik group in Switzerland was split over the issue of small nations' rights to
2947:
2937:
2302:
2119:
394:
Pyatakov (party pseudonyms: Kievsky, Lyalin, Petro, Yaponets (Japanese), Ryjii) was born 6 August 1890 in the
3205:
31:
2611:
894:
4389:
2970:
1113:
2868:
2975:
736:
515:
331:
4107:
4044:
4032:
3068:
3052:
1911:
1704:
1342:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy, Political Opposition in the Soviet State: First Phase, 1917–1922
1032:
425:
3112:
2996:
2169:
2102:
86:
4350:
Candidates of the Central Committee of the 11th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
4409:
4404:
4375:
Members of the Central Committee of the 17th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
4370:
Members of the Central Committee of the 16th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
4365:
Members of the Central Committee of the 14th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
4360:
Members of the Central Committee of the 13th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
4280:
4038:
452:
424:
Pyatakov first became politically active at the age of 14 in secondary school in Kiev. During the
4399:
4355:
Members of the Central Committee of the 12th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
3692:
3486:
3146:
1128:
1016:
829:
667:
373:; 6 August 1890 – 30 January 1937) was a Ukrainian revolutionary and Bolshevik leader, and a key
746:
to co-author the chapter on "The Economic Categories of Capitalism in the Transition Period" in
4303:
4156:
3770:
3195:
3078:
3011:
2952:
2335:
2325:
2272:
2262:
2179:
893:
When Pyatakov belonged to the same group as I did, I prophesied in jest that in the event of a
1508:
The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia 1: The Collectivsation of Soviet Agriculture, 1929–1930
839:, dictated in December 1922, during Lenin's terminal illness. The other five-Stalin, Trotsky,
4454:
4298:
4100:
3250:
3047:
2806:
2646:
2473:
2159:
2129:
944:
863:
770:
766:
739:, which he denounced as a 'bourgeois' slogan that "unites all counter-revolutionary forces."
1894:
1053:
Their sister, Vera, (1897–1938), who worked as a biologist, was arrested in 1937, and shot.
4344:
4339:
4181:
836:
675:
433:
3632:
3342:
3270:
769:. From 1 January to 16 February 1920, he led the Registration Directorate, the Red Army's
596:
from March 1917, becoming a member, then in April, chairman, of the Kiev Committee of the
8:
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3590:
3533:
3255:
3245:
2771:
2727:
2665:
2543:
2528:
2227:
2134:
940:
754:
585:
1899:
1019:
and reinstated in the party on 13 June 1988 by a decision taken under the leadership of
927:
But in August 1930, Stalin complained in a letter to the head of the soviet government,
862:
in the power struggle that began during Lenin's terminal illness. He was a signatory of
4143:
3698:
3556:
3538:
3518:
3456:
3396:
3280:
3265:
2790:
2553:
2438:
2425:
2410:
2330:
2252:
2237:
2212:
1972:
1927:
1107:
1065:. Their youngest, Yuri, born 1929, was also sent to an orphanage. His fate is unknown.
1062:
928:
913:
774:
726:
706:
656:
645:
378:
139:
107:
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4191:
3782:
3752:
3740:
3728:
3584:
3476:
3401:
2558:
2548:
2518:
2498:
2488:
2478:
2448:
2277:
2257:
2247:
1630:
1576:
1536:
1511:
1375:
1320:
1093:
1020:
762:
4515:
Signatories of the Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
1612:
Report of Court Proceedings, The Case of the Trotskyite-Zinovievite Terrorist Centre
1193:
935:
In 1932, when the Supreme Economic Council was broken up, and part of it became the
725:). In January 1919 Lenin replaced Pyatakov as head of the Ukrainian government with
4246:
4226:
3776:
3758:
3734:
3722:
3716:
3704:
3686:
3528:
3471:
3466:
3441:
3305:
3275:
2834:
2818:
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2713:
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2652:
2523:
2513:
2508:
2370:
2320:
2310:
2287:
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2222:
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2144:
2063:
986:
840:
832:
sent to Germany during the abortive attempt to bring about a communist revolution.
743:
718:
671:
589:
519:
441:
399:
366:
252:
248:
181:
169:
4256:
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2766:
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2641:
2483:
2468:
2463:
2202:
2059:
2042:
1957:
1906:
790:
522:, Pyatakov, and Bosch opposed. On 30 November 1916, Lenin wrote to his confidant
495:
395:
216:
1730:
1627:
The Road to Terror, Stalin and the Self-Destruction of the Bolsheviks, 1932–1939
1455:
4510:
Members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union executed by the Soviet Union
4459:
4318:
4211:
4206:
4186:
3574:
3446:
3391:
3260:
3042:
2840:
2709:
2538:
2458:
2232:
2197:
821:
From June–August 1922, Pyatakov was chairman of the panel of judges during the
789:
The recuperating Vladimir Ulyanov with Georgy Pyatakov, a future leader of the
630:
480:
472:
445:
421:. Leonid Pyatakov was also the co-owner of Musatov, Pyatakov, Sirotin, and Co.
403:
319:
256:
4333:
4221:
4196:
4151:
3764:
3374:
3300:
2761:
2636:
2563:
2533:
2503:
2493:
2453:
2443:
2282:
2267:
2149:
2071:
2007:
1653:. Moscow: People's Commissariat of Justice of the USSR. 1937. pp. 59–60.
969:
828:
In October 1923, travelling under the name 'Arwid', Pyatakov was part of the
698:
638:
634:
523:
499:
2613:
3rd Politburo and 3rd Orgburo of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine
1651:
Report of Court Proceedings in the Case of the Anti-Soviet Trotskyite Centre
1480:
955:
Pyatakov's wife was arrested July 1936, during the preliminary stage of the
4313:
3498:
2898:
2433:
2350:
2292:
2174:
1005:
859:
815:
649:
374:
276:
1614:. Moscow: People's Commissariat of Justice of the USSR. 1936. p. 115.
785:
4308:
3523:
2217:
1168:
956:
844:
542:
507:
503:
244:
3295:
1046:
Their younger brother, Ivan (1893–1937), who worked as an agronomist in
4251:
3461:
3290:
3134:
1248:
The Conscience of the Revolution, Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia
960:
909:
882:
666:, who opposed Lenin's decision to end the war with Germany through the
637:. After Lenin died in 1924, Pyatakov campaigned to prevent the rise of
554:
510:
revolutionary community, and joined the editorial board of the journal
456:
341:
326:
300:
71:
35:
993:
On 12 September 1936, Pyatakov was arrested in his service car at the
3222:
2921:
1842:
1835:"Людмила Федоровна Дитятева – первая женщина директор Московской ТЭЦ"
1315:
Branko Lazitch, in collaboration with Milorad M.Drachkovitch (1973).
1047:
534:
429:
4271:
978:
Pyatakov was allowed to put his name to an article that appeared in
486:
758:
690:
565:
428:, he was expelled for leading a 'school revolution', and joined an
345:
286:
4430:
First secretaries of the Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)
2015:
803:
593:
561:
468:
437:
407:
43:
851:, while Pyatakov was not even one of the 27 full members of the
568:, as well as in pain from her heart condition and tuberculosis.
147:
Secretary of Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine
980:
886:
799:
702:
550:
538:
476:
272:
576:
835:
Pyatakov was one of only six leading Bolsheviks mentioned in
807:
597:
464:
436:, but broke with anarchism that same year and began to study
1531:
Lars T. Lih (1995). Oleg V.Naumov; Oleg V.Khlevniuk (eds.).
802:. In February 1921, he was appointed deputy chairman of the
735:, Pyatakov again unsuccessfully opposed Lenin's position on
3372:
964:
885:" to renounce Trotskyism. His capitulation was reported in
546:
451:
From 1907, he was a student at the Faculty of Economics of
939:, Pyatakov was appointed deputy People's Commissar, under
533:
After this breach, Pyatakov, Bukharin, and Bosch moved to
4123:
Heads of the Glavnoye Razvedyvatel'noye Upravleniye (GRU)
494:
In October 1914, he and Bosch escaped from exile through
662:
In January 1918, Pyatakov was one of the leaders of the
877:
you said this?", but Trotsky simply brushed him aside.
4475:
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States
1989:
Chairman of the Main Concession Committee of the USSR
1319:. Stanford CA: Hoover Institution Press. p. 311.
4425:
Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union) politicians
1600:. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin. pp. 162–63.
1038:
Their older brother, Mikhail, (1886–1958) joined the
463:. Arrested in June 1912, he spent a year and a half
4435:
Chairpersons of the Council of Ministers of Ukraine
1399:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 73.
1283:
The Politics and Economics of the Transition Period
937:
People's Commissariat of Heavy Industry of the USSR
723:Временное рабоче-крестьянское правительство Украины
1964:Chairman of the Provisional Government of Ukraine
1429:. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin. p. 456.
1359:. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin. p. 267.
1269:. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin. p. 274.
4331:
2049:1st Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine
1598:The Great Terror, Stalin's Purge of the Thirties
810:. From 1923–1926, he was deputy Chairman of the
389:
87:Chairman of the Ukrainian Provisional Government
1560:. San Francisco: Academia.edu. pp. 109–10.
1535:. New Haven: Yale U.P. pp. 204, 211, 214.
4395:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members
2101:
1510:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard U.P. p. 148.
1344:. New York: Frederick A. Praeger. p. 368.
1314:
1133:. Moscow: Progress Publishers. pp. 250–55
27:Ukrainian-Russian revolutionary and politician
4108:
3618:
3358:
2884:
2597:
2087:
1279:
1088:Georges Haupt, and Jean-Jaques Marie (1974).
1087:
99:November 28, 1918 – January 29, 1919
1828:
1826:
1624:
1570:
1558:Transcripts from Soviet Archives, volume III
1267:The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917–1923 volume 1
4485:Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Norway
4480:Emigrants from the Russian Empire to Sweden
4063:Workers Party of Ukraine (Marxist–Leninist)
2900:Modern Ukraine after the Russian Revolution
1530:
1289:. Routledge, Kegan and Paul. Archived from
1156:. London: Faber and Faber. p. 126,131.
733:8th Congress of the Russian Communist Party
571:
564:had been forced to resign as leader of the
4115:
4101:
3625:
3611:
3365:
3351:
3322:Congress of the Enslaved Peoples of Russia
2891:
2877:
2604:
2590:
2094:
2080:
1862:
1860:
1473:
904:, and not through any fault of Pyatakov's.
748:The Economics of the Transformation Period
557:), where they lived in "extreme poverty".
194:July 12, 1918 – September 9, 1918
70:
1934:Commissar of the National Bank of Russia
1823:
1369:
1280:Bukharin, Nikolai; Field, Oliver (1979).
4520:Trade Representative of the Soviet Union
4465:Saint Petersburg State University alumni
1625:J.Arch Getty, and Oleg V.Naumov (1999).
1595:
1439:
1394:
1339:
1317:Biographical Dictionary of the Comintern
1250:. Simon & Schuster. pp. 98–99.
847:, and Bukharin- were all members of the
784:
592:, and then finally to Kiev. He lived in
575:
485:
4057:Communist Party of Workers and Peasants
3634:Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine
2912:Universals (Central Council of Ukraine)
1857:
1555:
1456:"Пятаков, Георгий Леонидович 1890–1937"
1442:The Communist Party of the Soviet Union
1427:My Life: An Attempt at an Autobiography
1424:
1245:
1151:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1077:
950:
812:Supreme Council of the National Economy
687:Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine
14:
4332:
3230:Ukrainian National Democratic Alliance
3089:Central Executive Committee of Ukraine
2992:Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets
1505:
1372:The Prophet Unarmed, Trotsky 1921–1929
823:Trial of the Socialist Revolutionaries
693:in July 1918, Pyatakov was elected as
461:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
4096:
3606:
3346:
2872:
2585:
2075:
1731:"Пятаков Леонид Леонидович 1888–1917"
1409:
1126:
377:politician during and after the 1917
159:March 6, 1919 – May 30, 1919
4077:List of political parties by country
4051:Communist Party of Ukraine (renewed)
1832:
1663:
1629:. New Haven: Yale U.P. p. 286.
1354:
1264:
1166:
1074:
3002:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
1868:"Дитятева Людмила Федоровна (1899)"
731:In March 1919, while attending the
24:
3022:Galician Soviet Socialist Republic
3017:Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic
2112:List of prime ministers of Ukraine
1756:"Пятаков Михаил Леонидович (1886)"
1728:
1273:
806:(State Planning Committee) of the
358:Georgy (Yury) Leonidovich Pyatakov
25:
4531:
4415:Party leaders of the Soviet Union
3327:All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets
3142:Ukrainian Social Democratic Party
3007:Taurida Soviet Socialist Republic
1888:
1806:"Пятакова Вера Леонидовна (1897)"
1217:
780:
490:Pyatakov after his arrest in 1915
4440:People of the Russian Revolution
4420:Chairmen of the Board of Gosbank
4270:
3038:West Ukrainian People's Republic
1781:"Пятаков Иван Леонидович (1893)"
1680:"Пятаков Юрий Леонидович (1890)"
1246:Daniels, Robert Vincent (1969).
1090:Makers of the Russian Revolution
4500:Great Purge victims from Russia
3318:All-Ukrainian National Congress
1912:Biography of his brother Leonid
1798:
1773:
1748:
1722:
1697:
1672:
1657:
1643:
1618:
1604:
1589:
1564:
1549:
1524:
1499:
1448:
1444:. London: Methuen. p. 385.
1433:
1418:
1403:
1388:
1363:
1348:
1333:
1308:
1040:Constitutional Democratic Party
773:arm that went on to become the
440:, particularly the writings of
3548:International Representatives
3191:Polish Democratic Center Party
1258:
1239:
1211:
1186:
1160:
1145:
1120:
13:
1:
4450:Russian Revolution in Ukraine
4132:Russian Military Intelligence
3839:Kommunist / Radyanska Ukraina
3206:Socialist Revolutionary Party
1900:Mentioning of Leonid Pyatakov
1571:e.g.Rayfield, Donald (2004).
1556:M. Svitlana, and A. Erdogan.
1194:"Пятаков, Георгий Леонидович"
1068:
518:, which Lenin supported, but
390:Early life and pre-revolution
32:Eastern Slavic naming customs
4490:Soviet expatriates in France
4385:People from Cherkassky Uyezd
4135:Soviet Military Intelligence
3153:Soviet of Peasants Deputies
3104:Ukrainian Socialist Parties
1481:"The State Bank of the USSR"
765:, and again during the 1920
384:
7:
3655:First (General) Secretaries
3164:Soviet of Soldiers Deputies
2976:Crimean Regional Government
2948:Ukrainian People's Republic
2938:Ukrainian People's Republic
2120:Ukrainian People's Republic
1533:Stalin's Letters to Molotov
1374:. Oxford U.P. p. 116.
742:Pyatakov collaborated with
737:national self-determination
695:Central Committee Secretary
516:national self-determination
332:Saint Petersburg University
10:
4536:
4045:Communist Party of Ukraine
4033:Socialist Party of Ukraine
3638:Communist Party of Ukraine
3202:Russian Socialist Parties
3161:Soviet of Workers Deputies
3069:Central Council of Ukraine
2103:Prime Ministers of Ukraine
1760:Открыты Список (Open List)
1684:Открыты Список (Open List)
1440:Schapiro, Leonard (1970).
1340:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
1221:Collected Works, volume 24
1130:Collected Works, volume 35
1015:Pyatakov was posthumously
412:Horodyshche Sugar Refinery
371:Георгий Леонидович Пятаков
30:In this name that follows
29:
4470:Russian exiles in Siberia
4279:
4268:
4142:
4128:
4072:
4025:
3998:
3991:
3967:
3866:
3859:
3823:
3792:
3653:
3644:
3547:
3485:
3419:Ukrainian SSR (1918–1938)
3410:
3382:
3332:Labor Congress of Ukraine
3314:
3238:
3187:Polish Socialist Parties
3167:Jewish Socialist Parties
3156:Ukrainian Peasant Society
3097:
3061:
3030:
2997:Ukrainian Soviet Republic
2984:
2971:Crimean People's Republic
2963:
2931:Ukrainian national states
2930:
2907:
2827:
2799:
2754:
2745:
2688:
2629:
2620:
2572:
2424:
2411:Yaroslav-Bohdan Rudnytsky
2301:
2188:
2118:
2109:
2056:
2047:
2035:
2030:
2022:
2014:Chairman of Board of the
2012:
2004:
1994:
1987:
1979:
1969:
1962:
1954:
1939:
1932:
1924:
1919:
1596:Conquest, Robert (1971).
1370:Deutscher, Isaac (1989).
1357:The Interregnum 1923–1924
1152:Futrell, Michael (1963).
1026:
722:
537:, but were expelled from
370:
351:
337:
325:
315:
292:
282:
262:
231:
226:
222:
210:
198:
187:
175:
163:
152:
145:
133:
121:
103:
92:
85:
81:
69:
62:
55:
4039:Peasant Party of Ukraine
2140:Mykola Sakhno-Ustymovych
2031:Party political offices
1395:Liberman, Simon (1945).
1112:: CS1 maint: location (
572:Revolution and Civil War
506:, where they joined the
453:St Petersburg University
4445:Russian revolutionaries
4380:People from Horodyshche
3693:Nikolay Bestchetvertnoi
3147:Ukrainian Radical Party
3053:Kuban People's Republic
2964:Crimean national states
2917:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
2678:added in May, secretary
1839:Музей истории Мосэнерго
1397:Building Lenin's Russia
985:evening the prosecutor
668:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
309:Russian Communist Party
4505:Soviet rehabilitations
4495:Trial of the Seventeen
4304:Aleksandr Shlyakhturov
3793:Decision-making bodies
3411:First Secretary of the
3196:Polish Socialist Party
3012:Odessa Soviet Republic
2401:Ivan Kedryn-Rudnytskyi
2336:Vyacheslav Prokopovych
2326:Vyacheslav Prokopovych
2273:Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
2263:Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
2180:Vyacheslav Prokopovych
1709:www.sakharov-center.ru
1573:Stalin and his Hangmen
1425:Trotsky, Leon (1975).
1173:uahistory2006.narod.ru
906:
874:
794:
761:in Ukraine during the
674:against the advancing
581:
530:. And that was done."
491:
311:(1918–1927, 1928–1936)
4299:Valentin Korabelnikov
3800:Politburo / Presidium
3581:Mieczislaw Loganowski
3251:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
3120:Socialists-Sovereigns
3048:Kholodny Yar Republic
2807:Vladimir Mescheryakov
2647:Vladimir Mescheryakov
2474:Valeriy Pustovoitenko
2346:Kostiantyn Pankivskyi
2303:Government (in exile)
2160:Volodymyr Chekhivskyi
2130:Volodymyr Vynnychenko
1506:Davies, R.W. (1980).
922:force peasant farmers
891:
869:
864:The Declaration of 46
788:
771:military intelligence
753:Pyatakov served as a
750:, published in 1920.
579:
489:
4182:Yan Karlovich Berzin
4008:1st (Jul.–Oct. 1918)
3771:Vladimir Scherbitsky
3487:People's Secretariat
3084:Constituent Assembly
2426:Cabinet of Ministers
2190:Council of Ministers
1485:Bank of Russia Today
1296:on 24 September 2015
1169:"History of Ukraine"
1127:Lenin, V.I. (1976).
1050:, was shot in 1937.
951:Arrest and execution
676:Imperial German Army
475:, in the village of
434:Vladimir Sukhomlinov
4390:Russians in Ukraine
4082:Politics of Ukraine
3992:Elected by Congress
3591:Yevgeniy Terletskiy
3256:Vsevolod Holubovych
3246:Mykhailo Hrushevsky
2772:Khristian Rakovskiy
2728:Yuriy Kotsiubynskyi
2666:Khristian Rakovskiy
2544:Oleksandr Turchynov
2529:Oleksandr Turchynov
2228:Mykhailo Bondarenko
2135:Vsevolod Holubovych
1998:position liquidated
1412:The Prophet Unarmed
1355:Carr, E.H. (1969).
1265:Carr, E.H. (1969).
941:Sergo Ordzhonikidze
858:Pyatakov supported
755:political commissar
600:. He was elected a
586:February Revolution
3815:Control Commission
3699:Vyacheslav Molotov
3557:Yuriy Kotsiubynsky
3539:Demian Korotchenko
3534:Mikhail Bondarenko
3519:Christian Rakovsky
3457:Vyacheslav Molotov
3397:Vladimir Zatonskiy
3384:Chairman of VUTsVK
3281:Volodymyr Zatonsky
3266:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
2812:relieved in August
2791:Kliment Voroshilov
2554:Volodymyr Groysman
2439:Valentyn Symonenko
2331:Oleksander Shulhyn
2253:Demyan Korotchenko
2238:Demyan Korotchenko
2213:Christian Rakovsky
2025:M. I. Kalmanovitch
1973:Christian Rakovsky
1928:Valerian Obolensky
1920:Political offices
1905:2018-04-11 at the
1227:. pp. 299–300
1063:Siege of Leningrad
995:San-Donato station
929:Vyacheslav Molotov
914:Nikolai Valentinov
795:
727:Christian Rakovsky
707:Pavlo Skoropadskyi
657:October Revolution
646:self-determination
622:on 5 August 1917.
582:
492:
471:with his partner,
379:Russian Revolution
205:Office Established
140:Christian Rakovsky
128:Office Established
108:Hryhoriy Petrovsky
4327:
4326:
4262:Vladlen Mikhailov
4192:Alexander Nikonov
4090:
4089:
4021:
4020:
4000:Central Committee
3987:
3986:
3855:
3854:
3783:Stanislav Gurenko
3753:Alexei Kirichenko
3741:Nikita Khrushchev
3729:Nikita Khrushchev
3646:Central Committee
3600:
3599:
3585:Oleksandr Shumsky
3569:Mikhail Levitskiy
3477:Nikita Khrushchev
3452:Nikolai Nikolayev
3402:Grigory Petrovsky
3340:
3339:
3271:Noman Çelebicihan
3098:Political parties
3031:Other territories
2956:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2800:Candidate members
2741:
2740:
2579:
2578:
2559:Oleksiy Honcharuk
2549:Arseniy Yatsenyuk
2519:Viktor Yanukovych
2499:Viktor Yanukovych
2489:Viktor Yanukovych
2479:Viktor Yushchenko
2449:Yukhym Zvyahilsky
2391:Vasyl Fedoronchuk
2278:Oleksandr Liashko
2258:Nikifor Kalchenko
2248:Nikita Khrushchev
2070:
2069:
2057:Succeeded by
2023:Succeeded by
2016:Soviet State Bank
1995:Succeeded by
1970:Succeeded by
1948:
1943:Aleksandrs Spunde
1940:Succeeded by
1167:Subtelny, Orest.
1021:Mikhail Gorbachev
853:Central Committee
837:Lenin's Testament
767:Polish–Soviet War
763:Russian Civil War
683:founding congress
627:Central Committee
406:, now modern-day
355:
354:
117:
16:(Redirected from
4527:
4289:Yevgeny Timokhin
4274:
4247:Sergei Shtemenko
4227:Fyodor Kuznetsov
4117:
4110:
4103:
4094:
4093:
3996:
3995:
3864:
3863:
3860:Party assemblies
3777:Vladimir Ivashko
3759:Nikolai Podgorny
3735:Lazar Kaganovich
3723:Stanislav Kosior
3717:Lazar Kaganovich
3705:Dmitry Manuilsky
3687:Stanislav Kosior
3651:
3650:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3604:
3603:
3571:(Czechoslovakia)
3529:Panas Lyubchenko
3504:Nikolai Skripnik
3472:Lazar Kaganovich
3467:Dmitry Manuilsky
3442:Stanislav Kosior
3437:Emmanuil Kviring
3367:
3360:
3353:
3344:
3343:
3306:Maria Nikiforova
3286:Georgiy Pyatakov
3276:Yukhym Medvediev
3113:independent left
2950:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2870:
2869:
2848:
2847:acting secretary
2835:Stanislav Kosior
2819:Georgiy Pyatakov
2813:
2785:
2778:Stanislav Kosior
2752:
2751:
2733:
2719:
2714:Stanislav Kosior
2705:
2696:Georgiy Pyatakov
2679:
2672:Stanislav Kosior
2660:
2653:Georgiy Pyatakov
2627:
2626:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2583:
2582:
2524:Yulia Tymoshenko
2514:Yuriy Yekhanurov
2509:Yulia Tymoshenko
2371:Mykola Livytskyi
2321:Andriy Livytskyi
2311:Andriy Livytskyi
2288:Kostyantyn Masyk
2243:Leonid Korniyets
2223:Panas Lyubchenko
2165:Serhii Ostapenko
2145:Mykola Vasylenko
2096:
2089:
2082:
2073:
2072:
2064:Stanislav Kosior
2054:1919–1919
2039:position created
2036:Preceded by
2020:1929–1930
2005:Preceded by
1992:1922–1923
1983:position created
1980:Preceded by
1967:1918–1919
1955:Preceded by
1946:
1937:1917–1918
1925:Preceded by
1917:
1916:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1864:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1830:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1666:The Great Terror
1661:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1487:. Bank of Russia
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1295:
1288:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1226:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1111:
1103:
1085:
1003:
987:Andrey Vyshinsky
908:When the former
841:Grigory Zinoviev
793:, in Gorky, 1922
744:Nikolai Bukharin
724:
717:
672:partisan warfare
629:. He was one of
621:
610:
580:Pyatakov in 1916
545:. They moved to
520:Nikolai Bukharin
442:Georgi Plekhanov
420:
400:Kiev Governorate
398:district in the
372:
365:
306:
269:
266:January 30, 1937
253:Kiev Governorate
249:Cherkassky Uyezd
241:
239:
227:Personal details
213:
201:
192:
182:Stanislav Kosior
178:
170:Emmanuel Kviring
166:
157:
136:
124:
111:
97:
76:Pyatakov in 1922
74:
65:
53:
52:
21:
18:Georgiy Pyatakov
4535:
4534:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4524:
4410:Left Opposition
4405:Left communists
4330:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4275:
4266:
4257:Pyotr Ivashutin
4237:Matvei Zakharov
4217:Alexei Panfilov
4202:Alexander Orlov
4167:Voldemar Aussem
4162:Georgy Pyatakov
4138:
4124:
4121:
4091:
4086:
4068:
4017:
4013:2nd (1918–1919)
3983:
3963:
3851:
3819:
3788:
3747:Leonid Melnikov
3711:Emanuel Kviring
3681:Georgy Pyatakov
3675:Emanuel Kviring
3669:Serafima Hopner
3663:Georgy Pyatakov
3640:
3631:
3601:
3596:
3563:Waldemar Aussem
3549:
3543:
3514:Fyodor Sergeyev
3509:Georgy Pyatakov
3481:
3432:Serafima Hopner
3427:Georgy Pyatakov
3417:
3414:Communist Party
3412:
3406:
3378:
3371:
3341:
3336:
3310:
3234:
3093:
3057:
3026:
2980:
2959:
2943:Ukrainian State
2926:
2903:
2897:
2867:
2858:
2854:Taras Kharechko
2846:
2823:
2811:
2795:
2783:
2767:Emanuel Kwiring
2747:
2737:
2731:
2724:Taras Kharechko
2717:
2703:
2700:Emanuel Kwiring
2684:
2677:
2658:
2642:Emanuel Kwiring
2622:
2616:
2610:
2580:
2575:
2568:
2484:Anatoliy Kinakh
2469:Vasyl Durdynets
2464:Pavlo Lazarenko
2420:
2416:Ivan Samiylenko
2386:Spyrydon Dovhal
2376:Spyrydon Dovhal
2361:Spyrydon Dovhal
2341:Andriy Yakovliv
2316:Pylyp Pylypchuk
2297:
2208:Georgy Pyatakov
2203:Mykola Skrypnyk
2184:
2121:
2114:
2105:
2100:
2066:
2062:
2060:Serafima Hopner
2053:
2052:1918–1918
2051:
2045:
2043:Emanuil Kviring
2041:
2026:
2019:
2010:
2000:
1991:
1985:
1975:
1966:
1960:
1958:Mykola Skrypnyk
1950:
1936:
1930:
1907:Wayback Machine
1891:
1886:
1876:
1874:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1848:
1846:
1833:Andreyev, L.G.
1831:
1824:
1814:
1812:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1789:
1787:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1727:
1723:
1714:
1712:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1688:
1686:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1662:
1658:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1623:
1619:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1569:
1565:
1554:
1550:
1543:
1529:
1525:
1518:
1504:
1500:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1438:
1434:
1423:
1419:
1408:
1404:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1368:
1364:
1353:
1349:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1286:
1278:
1274:
1263:
1259:
1244:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1216:
1212:
1203:
1201:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1178:
1176:
1165:
1161:
1150:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1125:
1121:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1086:
1075:
1071:
1029:
997:
953:
791:Left Opposition
783:
713:
664:Left Communists
615:
604:
574:
426:1905 revolution
414:
392:
387:
361:
307:
304:
293:Political party
271:
267:
243:
242:August 18, 1890
237:
235:
217:Serafima Hopner
211:
199:
193:
188:
176:
164:
158:
153:
134:
122:
110:
98:
93:
77:
64:Георгий Пятаков
63:
58:
57:Georgy Pyatakov
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4533:
4523:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4400:Old Bolsheviks
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4319:Igor Kostyukov
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4294:Fyodor Ladygin
4291:
4285:
4283:
4277:
4276:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4242:Mikhail Shalin
4239:
4234:
4232:Nikolai Trusov
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4212:Filipp Golikov
4209:
4207:Ivan Proskurov
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4187:Semyon Uritsky
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4148:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4119:
4112:
4105:
4097:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4084:
4079:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4060:
4054:
4048:
4042:
4036:
4029:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4004:
4002:
3993:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3969:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3870:
3868:
3861:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3846:Pravda Ukrainy
3842:
3835:
3827:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3780:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3750:
3744:
3738:
3732:
3726:
3720:
3714:
3708:
3702:
3696:
3690:
3684:
3678:
3672:
3666:
3659:
3657:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3630:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3607:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3594:
3588:
3578:
3575:Mikhail Frunze
3572:
3566:
3560:
3553:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3495:
3493:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3447:Rafail Farbman
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3423:
3421:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3392:Yefim Medvedev
3388:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3373:Government of
3370:
3369:
3362:
3355:
3347:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3261:Symon Petliura
3258:
3253:
3248:
3242:
3240:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3043:Makhnovshchina
3040:
3034:
3032:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2945:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2896:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2873:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2841:Rafail Farbman
2837:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2758:
2756:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2721:
2718:added in April
2710:Pinkhus Rovner
2707:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2624:
2621:March – August
2618:
2617:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2586:
2577:
2576:
2574:denotes acting
2573:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2539:Serhiy Arbuzov
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2459:Yevhen Marchuk
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2406:Teofil Leontiy
2403:
2398:
2396:Teofil Leontiy
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2366:Symon Sozontiv
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2307:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2233:Mykola Marchak
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2198:Yevgenia Bosch
2194:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2076:
2068:
2067:
2058:
2055:
2046:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2011:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1993:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1968:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1938:
1931:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1897:
1890:
1889:External links
1887:
1885:
1884:
1872:Открыты Список
1856:
1822:
1810:Открыты Список
1797:
1785:Открыты Список
1772:
1747:
1729:Shchus, O. M.
1721:
1696:
1671:
1668:. p. 237.
1656:
1642:
1635:
1617:
1603:
1588:
1581:
1563:
1548:
1541:
1523:
1516:
1498:
1472:
1447:
1432:
1417:
1414:. p. 297.
1402:
1387:
1380:
1362:
1347:
1332:
1325:
1307:
1272:
1257:
1238:
1210:
1185:
1159:
1144:
1119:
1098:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1028:
1025:
952:
949:
782:
781:Post-Civil War
779:
631:Vladimir Lenin
613:Kiev City Duma
573:
570:
473:Yevgenia Bosch
446:Vladimir Lenin
404:Russian Empire
391:
388:
386:
383:
353:
352:
349:
348:
339:
335:
334:
329:
323:
322:
320:Yevgenia Bosch
317:
313:
312:
294:
290:
289:
284:
280:
279:
270:(aged 46)
264:
260:
259:
257:Russian Empire
233:
229:
228:
224:
223:
220:
219:
214:
208:
207:
202:
196:
195:
185:
184:
179:
173:
172:
167:
161:
160:
150:
149:
143:
142:
137:
131:
130:
125:
119:
118:
105:
101:
100:
90:
89:
83:
82:
79:
78:
75:
67:
66:
60:
59:
56:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4532:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4273:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4222:Ivan Ilyichev
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4197:Semyon Gendin
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4152:Semyon Aralov
4150:
4149:
4147:
4145:
4141:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4118:
4113:
4111:
4106:
4104:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4071:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4024:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3858:
3848:
3847:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3791:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3628:
3623:
3621:
3616:
3614:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3567:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3420:
3415:
3409:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3376:
3375:Ukrainian SSR
3368:
3363:
3361:
3356:
3354:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3301:Nestor Makhno
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3239:Major figures
3237:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3074:Minor Council
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:Soviet states
2983:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2901:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2875:
2874:
2871:
2855:
2852:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2789:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2762:Andrei Bubnov
2760:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2746:August 1919 –
2744:
2732:added in June
2729:
2725:
2722:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2704:added in June
2701:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2637:Andrei Bubnov
2635:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2619:
2614:
2607:
2602:
2600:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2587:
2584:
2571:
2565:
2564:Denys Shmyhal
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2534:Mykola Azarov
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2504:Mykola Azarov
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Mykola Azarov
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2454:Vitaliy Masol
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2444:Leonid Kuchma
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2283:Vitaliy Masol
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2268:Ivan Kazanets
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
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4455:GRU officers
4314:Igor Korobov
4177:Arvid Zeybot
4172:Yan Lentsman
4161:
4157:Sergey Gusev
4144:Soviet Union
3844:
3837:
3830:
3824:Publications
3765:Petr Shelest
3680:
3662:
3550:(until 1923)
3508:
3499:Evgenia Bosh
3426:
3285:
2839:
2776:
2755:Full members
2670:
2651:
2630:Full members
2434:Vitold Fokin
2381:Atanas Figol
2356:Stepan Baran
2351:Isaak Mazepa
2293:Vitold Fokin
2207:
2175:Isaak Mazepa
2170:Borys Martos
2048:
2038:
2013:
1997:
1988:
1982:
1963:
1945:
1933:
1875:. Retrieved
1871:
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1838:
1813:. Retrieved
1809:
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1788:. Retrieved
1784:
1775:
1763:. Retrieved
1759:
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1734:
1724:
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1711:(in Russian)
1708:
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1489:. Retrieved
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1298:. Retrieved
1291:the original
1282:
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1247:
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1220:
1218:Lenin, V.I.
1213:
1202:. Retrieved
1200:(in Russian)
1198:www.hrono.ru
1197:
1188:
1177:. Retrieved
1175:(in Russian)
1172:
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1153:
1147:
1135:. Retrieved
1129:
1122:
1089:
1059:
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1052:
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1033:Central Rada
1030:
1014:
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1006:Nizhny Tagil
992:
979:
977:
974:
959:. He was in
954:
945:Stakhanovite
934:
926:
919:
907:
901:
896:
895:Bonapartist
892:
879:
875:
870:
860:Leon Trotsky
857:
834:
827:
820:
816:Soviet Union
796:
752:
747:
741:
730:
711:
680:
661:
654:
650:chauvinistic
643:
624:
583:
559:
532:
527:
511:
493:
459:wing of the
450:
423:
393:
357:
356:
277:Soviet Union
268:(1937-01-30)
212:Succeeded by
204:
189:
177:Succeeded by
154:
135:Succeeded by
127:
94:
47:
39:
4345:1937 deaths
4340:1890 births
4309:Igor Sergun
4059:(2001–2015)
4053:(2000–2015)
4047:(1993–2015)
4035:(1991–2022)
3968:Conferences
3960:28th (1990)
3957:27th (1986)
3954:26th (1981)
3951:25th (1976)
3948:24th (1971)
3945:23rd (1966)
3942:22nd (1961)
3939:21st (1960)
3936:20th (1959)
3933:19th (1956)
3930:18th (1954)
3927:17th (1952)
3924:16th (1949)
3921:15th (1940)
3918:14th (1938)
3915:13th (1937)
3912:12th (1934)
3909:11th (1930)
3906:10th (1927)
3832:Visti VUCVK
3805:Secretariat
3785:(1990–1991)
3779:(1989–1990)
3773:(1972–1989)
3767:(1963–1972)
3761:(1957–1963)
3755:(1953–1957)
3749:(1949–1953)
3743:(1947–1949)
3731:(1938–1947)
3725:(1928–1938)
3719:(1925–1928)
3713:(1923–1925)
3707:(1921–1923)
3701:(1920–1921)
3677:(1918–1919)
3524:Vlas Chubar
3377:before 1938
3181:Poalei Zion
3079:Directorate
3062:Parliaments
2953:Directorate
2902:(1917–1920)
2615:(1919–1920)
2218:Vlas Chubar
2122:(1917–1920)
1410:Deutscher.
998: [
957:Great Purge
902:coup d'état
897:coup d'état
845:Lev Kamenev
616: [
605: [
543:World War I
504:Switzerland
415: [
305:(1910–1918)
283:Nationality
245:Horodyshche
200:Preceded by
165:Preceded by
123:Preceded by
44:family name
40:Leonidovich
4334:Categories
4252:Ivan Serov
4026:Successors
3980:3rd (1932)
3977:2nd (1929)
3974:1st (1926)
3903:9th (1925)
3900:8th (1924)
3897:7th (1923)
3894:6th (1921)
3891:5th (1920)
3888:4th (1920)
3884:3rd (1919)
3879:2nd (1918)
3874:1st (1918)
3867:Congresses
3462:Feliks Kon
3291:Yuri Gaven
3223:Mensheviks
3218:Bolsheviks
3171:Fareynikte
3135:Borotbists
2748:March 2020
1715:2022-07-25
1664:Conquest.
1204:2022-07-25
1179:2022-07-25
1069:References
970:show trial
961:Kislovodsk
883:Trotskyist
709:, failed.
655:After the
584:After the
555:Kristiania
342:Politician
338:Occupation
327:Alma mater
301:Bolsheviks
238:1890-08-18
36:patronymic
3593:(Baltics)
3565:(Germany)
3559:(Austria)
3491:Sovnarkom
2922:Act Zluky
2784:secretary
2659:secretary
1895:Biography
1843:Mosenergo
1108:cite book
1048:Vinnytsia
947:workers.
910:Menshevik
849:Politburo
830:Comintern
757:with the
715:‹See Tfd›
590:Petrograd
535:Stockholm
528:Kommunist
512:Kommunist
457:Bolshevik
430:anarchist
385:Biography
363:‹See Tfd›
346:Statesman
190:In office
155:In office
104:President
95:In office
3587:(Poland)
3577:(Turkey)
3296:Béla Kun
3176:The Bund
2951:(led by
1947:(acting)
1903:Archived
759:Red Army
691:Taganrog
566:Red Army
498:and the
396:Cherkasy
48:Pyatakov
3810:Orgburo
2828:Orgburo
2689:Orgburo
1849:18 June
1735:Khronos
1460:Khronos
1300:6 April
1253:fiasco.
814:of the
804:Gosplan
719:Russian
685:of the
681:At the
635:Germany
611:of the
594:Ukraine
562:Trotsky
481:Irkutsk
469:Siberia
438:Marxism
408:Ukraine
402:of the
367:Russian
287:Russian
4281:Russia
4065:(2012)
4041:(1992)
3737:(1947)
3695:(1920)
3689:(1919)
3683:(1919)
3671:(1918)
3665:(1918)
3416:of the
1877:22 May
1845:Museum
1815:22 May
1790:22 May
1765:22 May
1740:22 May
1689:22 May
1633:
1579:
1539:
1514:
1491:26 May
1465:19 May
1378:
1323:
1231:16 May
1137:18 May
1096:
1027:Family
981:Pravda
887:Pravda
800:Donbas
703:Hetman
551:Norway
539:Sweden
508:émigré
477:Usolye
465:exiled
375:Soviet
316:Spouse
273:Moscow
114:VUTsVK
34:, the
4460:Cheka
3108:USDLP
1294:(PDF)
1287:(PDF)
1225:(PDF)
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808:RSFSR
689:, in
620:]
609:]
602:vowel
598:RSDLP
496:Japan
419:]
297:RSDLP
3636:and
3211:Left
3130:UPSR
3125:UPSF
2623:1919
1879:2023
1851:2024
1817:2023
1792:2023
1767:2023
1742:2023
1691:2023
1631:ISBN
1577:ISBN
1537:ISBN
1512:ISBN
1493:2015
1467:2023
1376:ISBN
1321:ISBN
1302:2017
1233:2023
1139:2023
1114:link
1094:ISBN
965:NKVD
547:Oslo
444:and
263:Died
232:Born
1004:in
775:GRU
678:.
502:to
467:to
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