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German immigration to Switzerland

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132: 29: 966: 952: 550:. Already at the historical maximum of German presence in Switzerland in 1910, German population in Zürich was as high as 41,000 or 22% of the city's total population. As of 2009, German population in Zürich was at about 30,000, or close to 8%. As of 2015 this population counted 33,297, slightly above 8% of the 410,404 inhabitants, of which 131,168 were foreigners, some third of all people of the city of Zürich. 1070:– Immer mehr Deutsche kehren ihrem Land den Rücken: Im vergangenen Jahr stieg die Zahl der Auswanderer auf 155'300 und damit den höchsten Stand seit 1954, wie das Statistische Bundesamt am Dienstag in Wiesbaden mitteilte. Das beliebteste Ziele war dabei mit 18'000 Auswanderern die Schweiz. Erst mit Abstand folgen die USA (13'800) und Österreich (10'300) 844:
improve their job position are significantly more Germanophobic than those who are satisfied with their current job situation and are already established" and that "it appears that as much as low-skilled workers fear that poorly educated immigrants take their jobs, well-educated Swiss consider German immigrants as competitors on the job market".
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China has 1.3 billion people, 16 times more than Germany. The Federal Republic again exactly 16 times as many as the German-speaking Switzerland. So, if a German would put himself in the position of an intimidated German Swiss, he may well imagine that his country is not adjacent in the East to the
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The language plays a central role in the misunderstanding. The Swiss German is more than just a dialect for most German-speaking Swiss, it is the mother tongue, the language of the heart. Much of what has to do with proximity is expressed with the Swiss German: intimacy, spontaneity and emotions
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in 2009, rising to some 300 thousand five years later. Accounting for multiple citizenships the number of German nationals living in Switzerlands is much higher, at about 450,000 in 2019. For the Germans, Switzerland became the most appreciated country to settle in, to find work or to study. The
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Helbling concludes – summing up further literature and media – that "German immigrants put in danger Swiss characteristics as much as immigrants from the Balkans", that "contrary to many other studies, education does not improve attitudes towards Germans", that "people who are young and seek to
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has also steeply increased since 2007. The reason for this, beyond the rising number of qualifying German nationals who had resided in Switzerland for the twelve years required by Swiss nationality law, was a change in German nationality law which permitted German nationals to hold Swiss-German
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Because of the unequal size of the two countries, Germany being roughly ten times larger than Switzerland, German residents in Switzerland have a much greater visibility than Swiss residents in Germany: In 2007, about 37,000 Swiss nationals, or about 1 in 180 Swiss citizens, lived in Germany,
603:(Zürich, and the Zürich area, are the main target of recent German immigration – see demographics above). The survey found that, in 1994–95, the Germans were the fourth-most disliked immigrant group in Zürich (disliked by almost each 9th). Following – with a distance – the immigrants from 590:
immigrants, opposition to immigration from Germany has a contrary motivation, notably the fear of competition from qualified immigrants on the job market, and rising prices on the real-estate market because of the increased demand created by well-to-do German immigrants, while in terms of
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In 2017, there were almost 15,000 German nationals living in the non-German speaking cantons of Vaud, Geneva, Ticino, Neuchâtel and Jura. In the same year more than 67% of Germans, living in Switzerland, were permanent residents (i.e. have the permit C).
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with 294,000 (3.7% of total Swiss population). 22,000 were born in Switzerland (of these, 18,000 were minors, children born to German parents living in Switzerland). 19,000 Germans with permanent residence in Switzerland were married to a Swiss citizen.
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Experience shows that the excitement fades away on every major wave of immigration with its increasing integration. So, a.o. also Helbling cites the popular example of now largely integrated Italians, who came in one of the "waves" in the '60s as
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In the relations of the German-Swiss and the incoming German come up, overtly or covertly, specific misunderstandings – perceived similarities, different mentalities and manners and, now already well known, language problems and differences.
1232:. As of 2007, Switzerland recorded 75,000 Swiss citizens residing in Germany, while Germany recorded only 37,000 foreign nationals with Swiss citizenship, suggesting that the remaining 38,000 people have dual Swiss-German citizenship. 1517:, October 1994 to March 1995, 1'300 targeted participants between 18 and 65 of age, response rate 72%, i.e. some 940 respondents (source: Helbling 2009-11) – a survey conducted by Jörg Stolz (et al.?), published in German: 598:
The extent of and reasons for Swiss opposition to German immigration were studied in Helbling (2009–11), based on a survey from 1994 to 1995 of 1,300 Swiss (of which some 940 responded) from the city of
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It is particularly notable that Italians are the most liked immigrants, while at their arrival in the 1950s and 1960s they were the group of immigrants that attracted the most hostilities.
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accounting for just 0.05% of German population. At the same time, about 224,000 German nationals, or 1 in 350 German citizens, lived in Switzerland, accounting for 3% of Swiss population.
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Cristiana Baldauf, one of the course leaders of the Swiss integration courses for Germans and Austrians, and a German and Swiss citizen, with a German mother and Italian father, says:
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High German is indeed learned and spoken at school, although the active knowledge remains hidden away in the cellar, often making the Swiss feeling inferior to the eloquent Germans.
2621: 2161: 1309: 1975: 1958: 262:, activated in 2002. While the freedom of movement treaty applies to all EU citizens, German nationals have been the main beneficiaries because their proficiency in the 2182: 1690: 1448: 78: 847:
As to the feeling of the "intimidated" part of Swiss-Germans, feeling being left-behind, the journalist Gunhild Kübler, a German living in Switzerland, remarks:
285:. However, because of the lower total population at the time, the pre-1914 fraction of Germans relative to total Swiss population was as high as 6%. The rate of 1461: 1356: 2796: 2745: 2398: 2707: 2454: 2478: 2442: 2040: 1281:"Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Kanton, Anwesenheitsbewilligung, Geschlecht, Altersklasse und Staatsangehörigkeit - 2010-2017 | Tabelle" 2415: 1493: 2500: 2432: 2420: 1261: 2638: 1440: 1558: 2674: 1380: 273:
As of 2009, they were the second-largest expatriate group in Switzerland, numbering 266,000 (or 3.4% of total Swiss population) second to the
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to Switzerland, and whose generations are today a part of the society of the German-speaking Switzerland, without giving up their culture.
1280: 2234: 214:) – there has been considerable population movement in both directions. Meaningful population statistics became available only after the 2886: 1611: 255: 2891: 2700: 999: 2896: 1430: 1410: 1138: 1025: 595:, the German community was recorded as the group with lowest delinquency, at only 0.6% of the crime rate among Swiss nationals. 1676: 1306: 1149:– i.e. EU-15: the "old" EU member states, EU-17: plus Cyprus and Malta, EU-8: ten new EU-Staaten minus Cyprus and Malta – see: 1142: 229:
In the first decades of the 20th century, a number of Germans and other groups living in Germany fled or were expelled by the
2352: 1684:(PDF), paper for the annual meeting of the Swiss Political Science Association at the University of Geneva, 8 January 2010, 1156: 2590: 2146: 1192: 2901: 2693: 2595: 2196: 2155: 1649:
Variants of Migration: Why Swiss-Germans dislike Germans. Opposition to culturally similar and highly skilled immigrants.
1370: 1040: 2848: 2730: 274: 1458: 2750: 2565: 2317: 1723: 979: 575: 203: 74: 2816: 1353: 174:"surge" of immigration during the first decade of the 21st century, especially the German one, is a result of the 294:(while prior to 2007, Germans wishing to be naturalized in Switzerland had to give up their German citizenship). 281:
In 2007, the number of Germans in Switzerland passed the historical maximum of 220,000 Germans recorded prior to
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Cristiana Baldauf comments on the fundamental differences, on the petty ones and on the different languages:
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The number of Germans in Switzerland has doubled in the period of 2002 to 2009. The reason for this is the
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Why Swiss-Germans dislike Germans. Opposition to culturally similar and highly skilled immigrants
1415: 994: 989: 503:– German citizens with permanent residence in Switzerland in the larger German speaking cantons: 2853: 2086: 1921: 1908: 587: 82: 1617: 2801: 2616: 2096: 2091: 2071: 1716: 616: 286: 2836: 2806: 2770: 2755: 2209: 1903: 1514: 1117:
2005 bis 2014 beliebtestes Auswanderungsland: Die Schweiz bleibt bei Deutschen hoch im Kurs
1099:– Minister Steinbrück weiß es nicht. In Integrationskursen für Deutsche könnte er es lernen 604: 223: 195: 615:(considered as a single group, disliked by each 2nd). And disliked slightly more than the 8: 2585: 2300: 2111: 2076: 1348: 211: 199: 38: 2459: 2425: 504: 131: 2611: 2580: 2570: 2364: 2327: 2285: 2101: 2045: 1980: 1931: 1898: 1886: 1881: 1853: 1817: 971: 2246: 28: 2359: 2295: 2275: 2270: 2219: 2204: 2151: 2123: 2106: 2050: 1990: 1985: 1891: 1523:
Einstellungen zu Ausländern und Ausländerinnen 1969 und 1995: eine Replikationsstudie
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Marc Helbling summing up Gianni D’Amato (2001) and Josef M. Niederberger (2004) in:
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I think, that what the Swiss dislike about the Germans, is the German in themselves.
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One has to bear in mind that the Swiss are ticking quite differently as we do.
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Hostile attitudes towards immigration groups in the city of Zürich in 1994-95
2880: 2775: 2685: 2488: 2371: 1963: 1946: 1925: 1771: 1498: 1435: 568: 528: 230: 103: 1096: 2865: 2337: 1839: 1563: 1211: 883: 571:") directed against German immigration, both in Swiss and in German media. 99: 877:
Integration – differences in culture, behavior, manners, language problems
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Soziologie der Fremdenfeindlichkeit. Theoretische und empirische Analysen
1405: 1328: 1067: 282: 207: 170: 119: 85:(some 2/3 to 3/4 of the German migrants); other cantons (some 1/4 to 1/3) 2471: 1385: 608: 592: 564: 520: 140: 115: 2408: 1832: 2229: 1762: 1538:
graph (source: Jörg Stolz (2000) – fig. II, p. 7, in: Marc Helbling:
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While Swiss opposition against immigration from Southeast Europe and
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Schweiz weiterhin beliebtestes Ziel: Immer mehr Deutsche wandern aus
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Often just minor differences bear a potential for misunderstanding.
623:(disliked by each narrowly under each 10th of the 940 respondents). 600: 543: 66: 2493: 2483: 1691:
Germanophobia in Switzerland: Theoretical background and objectives
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12,000 (4.3% / 4.0%) – in total some 214 thousands, 70.4% of the
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89,000 (5.9% of the inhabitants / 29.1% of the German citizens);
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Bald leben zwei Millionen Ausländer in der Schweiz: Es wird eng
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Integration für Deutsche in der Schweiz: "Grüezi Gummihälse!"
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hostility – in percentage of the 940 Swiss who responded...
42: 1614:– Wie es Deutsche schaffen, bei Schweizern nicht anzuecken 1494:
Neue Statistik: Tamilen sind krimineller als Ex-Jugoslawen
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is – as in other places – characterized by concerns about
210:, formal recognition of Swiss independence dates to 1648 ( 1695: 1685: 1668: 1592: 1338: 1216: 1197: 1175: 1121: 1073: 1612:
Deutsche in der Schweiz: Vorsicht vor Fränkli und Grüezi
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Zufluchtsort Schweiz: Immer weniger deutsche Einwanderer
237:, and sought refuge in Switzerland, among other places. 1262:
Deutsch-schweizerische Doppelbürger behalten roten Pass
202:– the Swiss became exempt from the jurisdiction of the 1605: 1603: 1601: 1552: 1550: 553: 1559:
Integration: I ha di gärn! - Deutsche in der Schweiz
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Auswanderungsland Deutschland: Kompetente wandern ab
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without the added difficulty of a language barrier.
1598: 1547: 1525:, in: Hans-Joachim Hoffmann-Nowotny (publisher): 2878: 559:Fears, xenophobia, feelings of being left-behind 2715: 1097:Deutsche in der Schweiz: Wie die Schweiz tickt 1041:"Auswärtiges Amt - Beziehungen zu Deutschland" 2701: 2369: 1717: 563:Since 2007, there have been reports on Swiss 2665: 1837: 1769: 1753: 1746: 1090: 1088: 1086: 1084: 1082: 2675:Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950) 1509: 1507: 1479: 1477: 1475: 1473: 1279:Statistik, Bundesamt für (31 August 2018). 2708: 2694: 1724: 1710: 27: 1278: 1079: 1667:(PDF), Discussion Paper SP IV 2010–702, 1591:(PDF), Discussion Paper SP IV 2010-702, 1504: 1470: 1203: 1181: 1162: 1108: 1059: 130: 2255:(including German, Swiss and Austrians) 2249:(including German, Swiss and Austrians) 1243:Pro Tag werden 10 Deutsche eingebürgert 1152:Personenfreizügigkeit Schweiz – EU/EFTA 1005: 542:German citizens have mostly settled in 2879: 1521:, Campus, Frankfurt/New York 2000 and 266:allows them to take qualified jobs in 2689: 1705: 1661:on tandfonline.com / Marc Helbling: 1307:Zahlen und Fakten : Bevölkerung 1000:Switzerland–European Union relations 61:Regions with significant populations 607:(disliked by each 3rd to 4th), the 586:by large numbers of lower class or 301:Historical demographics 1995–2017: 13: 1671:Berlin, May 2010 / Marc Helbling: 1317:, city of Zürich, stadt-zuerich.ch 1228:Note that this comparison ignores 1209:Gordana Mijuk und Michael Furger: 1133:EU-15 for short – more precisely: 1127: 554:Reception and image in Switzerland 178:opening and, for students, of the 135:Invite to Thanksgiving evening by 14: 2913: 2887:German expatriates in Switzerland 1731: 1094:Ivo Marusczyk, Marion Leibrecht: 1631:Literatur - Beletristik, populär 964: 950: 626: 2892:German emigrants to Switzerland 2797:Freedom of movement for workers 1643:Swiss Federal Statistics Office 1641:Official demographic data from 1623: 1579: 1532: 1529:, Seismo, Zürich 2001, pp.33–74 1486: 1320: 1299: 1272: 1253: 1235: 1222: 1038: 260:freedom of movement for workers 245: 240: 2897:Swiss people of German descent 1688:January 2010 / Marc Helbling: 1513:Institute of Sociology of the 1032: 1018: 22:German migrants in Switzerland 1: 2861:2009 Swiss minaret referendum 1483:Helbling (2009-11), see below 980:Germany–Switzerland relations 165:About a quarter of a million 1664:Germanophobia in Switzerland 1588:Germanophobia in Switzerland 1541:Germanophobia in Switzerland 1013:(most references in German) 852:Czech Republic but to China. 619:(disliked by each 10th) and 218:, with the formation of the 190:Ever since the emergence of 7: 2792:Demographics of Switzerland 2156:Alsatians and Lotharingians 985:Demographics of Switzerland 943: 611:(disliked by each 3rd) and 452: 411: 357: 305: 268:German-speaking Switzerland 256:Swiss–European treaty 233:and shortly afterwards the 206:in 1499 as a result of the 198:as distinct nations in the 169:had permanent residence in 10: 2918: 2902:Immigration to Switzerland 2717:Immigration to Switzerland 1609:Cristiana Baldauf-Hornig: 1011:21st century – 1st decades 498: 220:restored Swiss Confederacy 185: 2784: 2723: 2658: 2604: 2526: 2384: 2195: 2175: 2139: 2059: 2011: 1874: 1798: 1791: 1782: 1739: 1647:Marc Helbling (2009–11): 1527:Das Fremde in der Schweiz 114: 109: 94: 89: 65: 60: 55: 50: 26: 1679:24 February 2021 at the 1655:13 (1), February 2011 – 1566:24 June 2009 / also as: 69:; metropolitan areas of 2176:Multinational dimension 1285:Bundesamt für Statistik 995:Migration within Europe 990:Demographics of Germany 511:34,000 (5.1% / 11.2%); 2666: 2370: 2097:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1838: 1770: 1754: 1747: 941: 927: 916: 898: 874: 860: 827:(full hostility 100%) 582:and the burden put on 527:11,000 (3.4% / 4.6%); 523:16,000 (8.1% / 5.2%); 519:22,000 (8.0% / 7.2%); 515:28,000 (2.7% / 9.1%); 162: 37:as an employee of the 2802:Immigration to Europe 1595:Berlin, May 2010, p.6 1359:7 August 2011 at the 1114:Christoph Eisenring: 928: 917: 906: 888: 864: 849: 546:and the city's wider 134: 2596:United Arab Emirates 1904:Transylvanian Saxons 1694:, Forschungsprojekt 1515:University of Zurich 1006:Notes and references 224:German Confederation 2183:Central and Eastern 2087:Italy (South Tyrol) 1633:on German Knowledge 1501:, 12 September 2010 1464:8 July 2016 at the 1349:Schweizer Fernsehen 1312:9 July 2016 at the 629: 212:Peace of Westphalia 200:Early Modern period 39:Swiss Patent Office 23: 2328:Pennsylvania Dutch 1653:European Societies 1159:, auf sem.admin.ch 1039:Amt, Auswärtiges. 972:Switzerland portal 627: 163: 81:/ German speaking 21: 2874: 2873: 2746:Former Yugoslavia 2683: 2682: 2654: 2653: 2191: 2190: 1991:Russian Mennonite 1576:, 21 October 2009 1168:Matthias Müller: 1076:, 30 October 2007 938:Cristiana Baldauf 924:Cristiana Baldauf 913:Cristiana Baldauf 871:Cristiana Baldauf 840: 839: 613:Former Yugoslavia 548:metropolitan area 540: 539: 359:German population 129: 128: 124:Roman Catholicism 2909: 2710: 2703: 2696: 2687: 2686: 2671: 2622:Papua New Guinea 2460:Kapitaï and Koba 2426:Kapitaï and Koba 2375: 2253:Los Lagos Region 2235:British Columbia 1843: 1796: 1795: 1789: 1788: 1775: 1759: 1750: 1726: 1719: 1712: 1703: 1702: 1634: 1627: 1621: 1607: 1596: 1583: 1577: 1554: 1545: 1536: 1530: 1511: 1502: 1490: 1484: 1481: 1468: 1324: 1318: 1303: 1297: 1296: 1294: 1292: 1276: 1270: 1269:, 31 August 2007 1257: 1251: 1239: 1233: 1230:dual citizenship 1226: 1220: 1207: 1201: 1185: 1179: 1166: 1160: 1131: 1125: 1124:, 6 January 2016 1112: 1106: 1092: 1077: 1063: 1057: 1056: 1054: 1052: 1036: 1030: 1029: 1022: 974: 969: 968: 967: 960: 955: 954: 953: 939: 925: 914: 896: 872: 858: 835: 834: 821: 820: 808: 807: 799: 791: 790: 782: 774: 773: 765: 757: 756: 748: 740: 739: 731: 723: 722: 721:  9.9% 714: 706: 705: 704:  4.3% 697: 689: 688: 687:  3.3% 680: 672: 671: 670:  1.9% 663: 655: 654: 653:  1.5% 646: 630: 304: 303: 292:dual citizenship 167:German nationals 118:majority (52%); 51:Total population 33:The German-born 31: 24: 20: 2917: 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584:social welfare 561: 560: 555: 552: 538: 537: 499: 496: 495: 492: 489: 486: 483: 480: 477: 474: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 459: 457: 455: 451: 450: 447: 445: 443: 441: 439: 437: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 417: 414: 410: 409: 404: 401: 398: 395: 392: 389: 386: 383: 380: 377: 374: 371: 368: 365: 362: 356: 355: 350: 347: 344: 341: 338: 335: 332: 329: 326: 323: 320: 317: 314: 311: 308: 258:regarding the 247: 244: 242: 239: 216:Napoleonic era 187: 184: 147:Reichsdeutsche 127: 126: 112: 111: 107: 106: 92: 91: 87: 86: 63: 62: 58: 57: 56:306,188 (2018) 53: 52: 48: 47: 32: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2914: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2884: 2882: 2867: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2843: 2840: 2839: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2817:Protestantism 2815: 2814: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2789: 2787: 2783: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 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558: 557: 551: 549: 545: 534: 530: 529:Basel-Country 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 497: 493: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 475: 472: 469: 467: 464: 462: 460: 458: 456: 453: 448: 446: 444: 442: 440: 438: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 418: 415: 412: 408: 405: 402: 399: 396: 393: 390: 387: 384: 381: 378: 375: 372: 369: 366: 363: 358: 354: 351: 348: 345: 342: 339: 336: 333: 330: 327: 324: 321: 318: 315: 312: 309: 306: 302: 299: 295: 293: 288: 284: 279: 276: 271: 269: 265: 261: 257: 252: 238: 236: 232: 231:German Empire 227: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 204:Imperial Diet 201: 197: 193: 183: 181: 177: 172: 168: 161: 159: 158:Gruppenführer 156: 152: 148: 142: 138: 133: 125: 121: 117: 113: 108: 105: 101: 97: 93: 88: 84: 80: 76: 72: 68: 64: 59: 54: 49: 44: 40: 36: 30: 25: 16: 2866:Swiss abroad 2735: 2724:Major groups 2467:South Africa 1865: 1840:Walddeutsche 1689: 1672: 1662: 1657: 1652: 1648: 1630: 1625: 1610: 1586: 1581: 1567: 1564:Tagesspiegel 1557: 1539: 1534: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1492: 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Index


Albert Einstein
Swiss Patent Office
Bern
Zürich
Zürich
Basel
Bern
cantons
German
French
Italian
Irreligious
Lutheranism
Roman Catholicism
Thanksgiving 1940 evening invite by German consul in St. Gallen
German
St. Gallen
Reichsdeutsche
Reichsredner
S.A.
Gruppenführer
German nationals
Switzerland
EU-15
Bologna Process
Switzerland
Germany
Early Modern period
Imperial Diet

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