1258:, it appears to date from an earlier period. The kneeling figure of Thomas Gerard looms over his parents at the head end, vigilant but not in prayer. A smaller kneeling and praying figure, said to be the younger son Ratcliffe, is placed at the feet of the couple. Both kneeling figures are completely free-standing and detached from the main structure, clearly added later and at the sacrifice of part of its moulded edge. The four daughters of Gilbert and Anne, all of whom survived their parents, are portrayed on a separate rear panel. Two more smaller kneeling and praying female figures, free-standing and detached, are placed to the front of the main structure - possibly daughters who predeceased their parents, but more likely of a later generation. The monument is surmounted by a vast, densely decorated alabaster canopy, displaying the
2307:
252:
1127:
1175:
1239:
1139:
1211:
1151:
1199:
1163:
1223:
1187:
768:, who survived only until 1591. At this point the Queen and her advisors decided to reorganise the legal departments. The issue of instruments was separated off and placed under the authority of a commission of Privy Councillors. Gerard and the other judges were formed into a second commission to hear cases. The commissions then began to dispute the boundaries of their jurisdiction, while Gerard's commission fell into internal dissension, with other judges refusing to accept his authority. The problems were compounded by his descent into illness, which led to his death on 4 February 1593.
24:
89:
516:
260:
524:
205:, and it was through one of these that Gilbert Gerard's marriage was arranged, to Anne Radcliffe or Ratcliffe. Sir John addressed Gerard as "cousin", a term also used for their relationship by the History of Parliament. "Cousin" was used in the 16th century more widely for blood relatives than in modern English: Sir John and Sir Thomas were Gerard's maternal uncles.
174:. However, he also had a younger brother, William, who served as MP for Preston and Wigan and died in 1584, and a nephew, William III, by that brother, who also served as MP for Wigan and died in 1609. Still more confusing, Sir William, the Lord Chancellor of Ireland had a son called Gilbert, who served as MP for Chester in 1593.
470:"In the time of Queen Mary (as by credible tradition I have heard) upon the Lady Elizabeth's being questioned at the Council table, he was permitted to plead there on her behalf and performed his part so well that he suffered for the same in the Tower of London during the remaining term of Queen Mary's reign."
308:. The influence of the Molyneux family grew subsequently and Sir William Molyneux and his son acquired joint control of the Liverpool fee-farm later in 1545, often coming into confrontation with Derby and the civic officials. This may have played a part in Gerard's move to a safer seat in later elections.
1086:
points out that
William Dugdale reported the year of his death as 1592, and this has been repeated in some accounts. In February 1592 (New Style) Gerard was still working, and around that time was put in charge of the new commission to hear cases in Chancery. The confusion was probably the result of
506:
in five counties by 1559, many of them probably in Mary's reign: Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Cheshire and
Huntingdonshire. However, it is certainly true that Gerard was much favoured by Elizabeth and one of a small group of lawyers who were quickly installed in important offices to
1094:
In his later years, Gerard had come under suspicion for his religious beliefs. An anonymous letter of 1586 to
Walsingham denounced him as "a protestant at London and a papist in Lancashire ... there is no man that so much shifteth papists from the danger of the law as he doth". His wife and two
535:
on 22 January 1559, a week after
Elizabeth's coronation, still a young man for such a senior legal post. He was early deputed to Ireland, where he helped reform the procedure of the Court of Exchequer and drew up new rules for collecting the Queen's rent. He sat as a judge on trials including that
235:
Allegiance to Gray's Inn became a family tradition and it served as a power base for the family. Gerard installed himself in a room there and was generally styled "of Gray's Inn". His nephew
William later moved into the room too and added an office above it for his own use, and Thomas Holcroft, Sir
390:
Despite his reputation as a staunch
Protestant supporter of Elizabeth, Gerard appears in fact to have been essentially conservative, accepting the existing regime irrespective of religious policy. Elizabeth probably promoted him because of his proven competence as an advocate, not his ideological
382:
However, for the 1555 election Gerard returned to Wigan, again being returned as junior to Barlow. Gerard seems to have done little as a member of parliament. His name does not appear in the records, even though, as a rising lawyer, he would have been useful in drafting and reviewing bills. It is
334:
of
Lancaster, duchy officials had considerable influence. The Earl of Derby was also an important figure locally. The senior MP in 1547 and for the next five elections was Alexander Barlow, a member of the Earl's council and soon to be his brother-in-law. All this favoured Gerard, although it is
1116:
He left plate to his sons-in-law Sir
Richard Molyneux, Peter Legh and Richard Hoghton, and to an unmarried daughter, presumably Radclyffe, who was also promised £1,000 towards her wedding. His wife received all her jewels and household equipment, as well as use of his Middlesex house.
1269:
as the largest
Elizabethan monument in England, and said to be executed "under the influence" of Joseph Hollemans, completed about 1612. Joseph, also known as Jasper, Hollemans was the son of Garrett Hollemans, a Dutch sculptor who fled to England in the 1580s and worked from
721:. The posts of the clerks of the petty bag, the examiners and the clerks of the rolls chapel, usher, crier and doorkeeper, his three secretaries and numerous minor posts all fell within his patronage, so he was able to make considerable extra profits from the sale of offices.
1126:
759:
and imprisonment during the Queen's pleasure. In fact, his fine was remitted and he was released after a few months, even receiving his salary while detained. However, the case is regarded as notorious by legal historians and did not reflect well on the judges involved.
271:. The town belonged to the Duchy of Lancaster, and the most important local magnates were the Earls of Derby and the Molyneux family. 1545 may have been the first year Liverpool had returned members for about a century - certainly the first for which records survive.
398:. As the county seats were dominated by the Duchy of Lancaster and the Earls of Derby, Gerard would have had a good chance in Lancashire at any time. However, he was by now vice-chancellor of the Duchy, so the result was not in question. He was returned as senior
1103:
in 1680, were staunchly
Catholic. However, this seems not to be true of his heir, Thomas, who gave specific directions to be buried without ceremony - a provision typical of radical Protestants. In the preamble to his will, Gerard himself expressed his trust in
1249:
Gerard was commemorated by an elaborate memorial in Ashley parish church, which grew and was modified over several generations. The main structure, built under the supervision of Gilbert's son, Thomas, portrays him and Anne, lying in splendour. She has her
664:, which dominated the north-west of England and had been united with the Crown since 1399. The duchy had considerable holdings outside its natural area of influence, and Gerard began by acquiring in 1567 the stewardship of Copt Hall in the honour of
378:
of her household. Significantly, he was happy to support Gerard. Sir Thomas Holcroft, Gerard's uncle was returned for the neighbouring constituency of Arundel, where almost all the members in the 16th century were nominated by the earls.
166:, although Sir Gilbert was the most successful of them. Owing to repeated use of the same names in the Gerard family, Sir Gilbert's relatives are easily confused. Sir Gilbert was a cousin of the distinguished judge and administrator Sir
708:
and second most senior judge in the land. If the honour was not so great as the Chancellorship, the financial rewards were a great compensation. For example, in 1586, Gerard drew an income of £1,599 5s.3d. from his post, mainly from
1174:
1430:
1138:
2331:
763:
While a distinguished judge, Gerard seems to have been a poor administrator. His departments became increasingly chaotic and slipshod in their work. Bromley died in 1587 and was succeeded by the still younger
668:, which had been transferred to the duchy by Queen Mary. In the same year he became steward of Rochdale manor, and over the decades increased his stewardships in Clare and became bailiff of the Lancashire
1210:
562:
Gerard was appointed to key positions in the administration or judiciary all over the country. He was made Justice of the Peace in Norfolk and Suffolk, and later in Lancashire. In 1573 he was appointed
383:
clear, however, that he broadly supported Mary's regime. If he had not, his name would appear on either the list of those who "stood for the true religion" in 1553–4, or among those who supported Sir
159:. The Gerard family had lived at Ince, near Wigan, since the late 14th century. However, James was probably a younger son, so it was not expected that he or Gilbert would inherit the family estates.
740:
to Elizabeth when the warrant for Mary's execution was signed. Elizabeth then decided to have Mary executed secretly, but while she was wavering, Davison was present at a Privy Council meeting in
1108:, as "there is nothing in any of my works or deeds whereby I can or may challenge or attain unto everlasting life". These words closely echo the Protestant teaching embodied in Article 11 of the
2640:
2705:
940:, twin brother of Gilbert, under whom he served as a lieutenant-colonel. He married Jennet, the illegitimate daughter of Devereux Barrett of Tenby, Pembrokeshire. They had several children:
559:
whenever he was not engaged as a justice, and in 1571 he was thanked by the University for his work in securing the passage of an Act of Parliament confirming its charters and privileges.
1254:
at her side, while he is in full armour, an uncharacteristic garb for him, with a finely modelled gauntlet at his side. Beneath the Gerards is a cadaver, but, unlike the case of a normal
1150:
1132:
The Gerard family: Thomas, 1st Baron Gerard (kneeling); Gilbert Gerard, Attorney General 1559–81; Anne Radcliffe. Gerard Chapel, Church of St John the Baptist, Ashley, Staffordshire.
417:
Consequently, he was unable to sit in the House of Commons. In January of the following year he was replaced as MP by Richard Bold, a powerful local landowner whose wife was a known
1162:
1186:
2338:
290:
was a decisive influence in handing a seat to Gerard. The two probably already knew each other: Gerard was the earl's legal counsel by 1562 - perhaps much earlier.
197:, although it was Sir Thomas, the younger brother, who had the more successful and varied career, building up a substantial estate around the estates of the former
780:
of his own. He did this mainly by seizing opportunities that came his way through his professional life or family contacts. Through his wife he acquired the
633:- a bid which Gerard and Bromley turned down. Gerard must have been disappointed that it was Bromley, about a decade younger than himself, who was appointed
244:
Gerard's parliamentary career was interwoven with his progress as a lawyer. He was returned to parliament a total of six times, four of them in the reign of
92:
Gilbert Gerard (before 1523–1593), Attorney General 1559–81, Master of the Rolls 1581–93. Gerard Chapel, Church of St John the Baptist, Ashley, Staffordshire
1867:
1828:
1561:
1493:
843:
and of Isabel Boteler. As her father died before she reached the age of majority, she became a ward of Sir Thomas Holcroft, Gerard's uncle. She inherited
293:
Another influential supporter would have been Gerard's uncle, Sir Thomas Holcroft, who was an official of the Duchy of Lancaster and held the Liverpool
274:
By the early years of Elizabeth's reign, the Earls of Derby and the Duchy of Lancashire were effectively selecting one member each, although it was the
1238:
2665:
2271:
1114:"We are accounted righteous before God, only for the merit of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ by faith, and not for our own works or deservings."
574:
Gerard was actively involved in defending Elizabeth against plots and revolts. In 1570, he was a member of a commission trying participants in the
474:
However, this is certainly not entirely true. Gerard cannot have spent much, if any time in prison, as he was appointed permanent counsel by the
2281:
1986:
53:
910:(the eldest), a Cavalier general during the Civil War and a courtier after the Restoration. He was made Baron Gerard of Brandon in 1645 and
2276:
2256:
2216:
1504:
947:
2442:
167:
1198:
394:
Only once more did Gerard secure election to parliament, and that much later in life. On 18 November 1584 he was returned as member for
2463:
951:
228:
in 1539. He seems to have been an outstanding student and was honoured by the Inn several times in later life. In 1554 he was elected
2436:
1303:
1180:
Gerard family memorial, clearly showing Sir Gilbert and Anne's four daughters on rear panel: Frances, Radclyffe, Catherine, Margaret.
1222:
2324:
2201:
2141:
1091:. The known details are unusually exact, as the parish register recorded the date of death, not just the burial, as was customary.
907:
599:
1082:
was on 6 April of that year. He died on 4 February 1593, and was buried at Ashley, Staffordshire, on 6 March. The legal historian
2221:
1011:
618:
395:
319:
and the first of Mary's reign. The lord of the manor of Wigan was the rector, and members of the Gerard family had purchased the
298:
1447:
1407:
1385:
2645:
2391:
2261:
1919:
1791:
A general and heraldic dictionary of the peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, extinct, dormant, and in abeyance. England
1418:
931:
689:
532:
268:
108:
688:, this gave him great political influence. Gerard and Sadler both used their positions to have their sons returned as MPs for
2675:
2592:
2231:
2226:
2176:
2051:
1956:
1745:
1591:
1371:
799:
Another major purchase was within the family. His cousin, Sir Thomas Gerard of Bryn, was a Catholic and father of the famous
347:
323:, making them extremely influential in local government, which was divided between the rector and the civic officials of the
177:
Gilbert's mother was Margaret Holcroft, daughter of John Holcroft of Holcroft, Lancashire. The Holcrofts were another rising
1144:
The Gerard family. Sir Gilbert Gerard and his wife, Anne Radcliffe, in foreground. Gilbert Gerard, 2nd Baron Gerard, facing.
823:, close to Etwall. Imprisonment and fines forced him to dispose of some property and he sold to Gilbert Gerard lands around
2630:
2575:
2246:
2171:
1892:
681:
371:
367:
305:
1776:
1602:
1333:
2146:
2091:
2081:
1359:
621:
from 1569, Gerard had to settle many problems of jurisdiction. One of the most important concerned an attempt in 1576 by
1724:
1286:. While there is no evidence that he personally carved the memorial, it is in Burton alabaster of his style and period.
924:
Sir Gilbert Gerard, killed in one of the frequent skirmishes that took place in Ludlow between Cavaliers and Roundheads.
438:
Information about Gerard's career before the accession of Elizabeth I is scanty and not always reliable. He was made an
251:
2695:
2680:
2670:
1979:
591:
479:
312:
2655:
2571:
2563:
2191:
2156:
2121:
2006:
1515:
989:
741:
543:
Much of his work was ecclesiastical and he was appointed to the Ecclesiastical Commission by 1564. In 1567 he helped
422:
403:
287:
75:
1067:, Cheshire, a client of the Earls of Derby who studied at Gray's Inn, probably under the auspices of Gilbert Gerard.
46:
2291:
2241:
2196:
2161:
1929:
1044:
630:
1396:
2181:
1761:
Victoria County History: Staffordshire - Volume 9, Burton-upon-Trent - Economic History, s.47 - Alabaster Carving
861:
827:. Gilbert built there a very large house, Gerrard's Bromley, which became the seat of his branch of the Gerards.
499:
182:
2316:
1216:
Kneeling figure at front of Gerard family memorial, perhaps representing a daughter who predeceased her parents.
776:
Although not heir to any of the major groups of Gerard family estates, Sir Gilbert was able to build up a large
232:, an important post with both academic and administrative responsibilities, and in 1556 he served as Treasurer.
2567:
2211:
2136:
2056:
359:
194:
2660:
1972:
1096:
1088:
896:
Sir Charles Gerard of Halsall, married Penelope, sister and coheir of Sir Edward Fitton, 2nd and last of the
638:
2544:
2469:
1419:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1509–1558 - HOLCROFT, Sir John (by 1498–1560) - Author: Alan Davidson
1408:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1509–1558 - HOLCROFT, Sir Thomas (1505/6-58) - Author: R. J.W. Swales
737:
669:
442:- a barrister qualified to practise independently - in 1547. The first mention of him as an advocate is in
186:
2236:
1448:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1558–1609 - HOLCROFT, Thomas II (1557–1620) - Author: Patricia Hyde
1372:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1558–1603 - GERARD, William II (aft.1520–84) - Author: N. M. Fuidge
2251:
848:
785:
725:
336:
171:
140:
2700:
2690:
2685:
2625:
2116:
2021:
1725:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1558–1603 - LEGH, Peter or Piers (c.1563–1636) - Author: N.M.S.
36:
1603:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1558–1603 - GERARD, Sir Thomas (d.1601) - Author: N. M. Fuidge
1386:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1558–1603 - GERARD, William III (c.1551–1609) - Author: N.M.S.
934:, a colonel of a Royalist regiment of foot and was appointed Governor of Worcester in December 1642.
439:
2650:
2266:
2061:
603:
548:
148:
40:
32:
1592:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1558–1603 - DAVISON, William (c. 1541–1608) - Author: N.M.S.
2605:
918:
812:
556:
214:
1760:
950:(died 1687), served as a Royalist captain in the Civil War, after the restoration sat as MP for
2385:
2286:
2186:
2096:
1397:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1558–1603 - GERARD, Gilbert, of Chester. - Author: N.M.S.
1345:
964:
960:
552:
537:
229:
163:
112:
57:
1800:
1789:
1540:
724:
As Master of the Rolls, Gerard was still frequently involved in trials. He sat in the case of
2206:
2131:
2126:
2101:
2066:
2031:
2026:
1826:
Hutton, Ronald (January 2008) , "Gerard, Charles, first earl of Macclesfield (c.1618–1694)",
1156:
Sir Gilbert Gerard (before 1523–1593), Attorney General 1559–81, Master of the Rolls 1581–93.
824:
648:
However, the post of Attorney General was lucrative. It allowed Gerard to acquire wardships,
1853:
2635:
2379:
2363:
1109:
911:
816:
804:
729:
503:
316:
152:
8:
2111:
1995:
1946:
1542:
Biographia juridica. A biographical dictionary of the judges of England from the Conquest
1048:
745:
701:
575:
407:
399:
283:
190:
120:
1278:
carving in the 16th and 17th centuries. Joseph worked for clients as illustrious as the
851:, which was later sold by her son, Thomas. She remained a Catholic throughout her life.
2556:
2347:
2166:
1279:
1168:
Anne Radcliffe of Winmarleigh, Lancashire, wife of Gilbert Gerard and mother of Thomas.
882:
765:
733:
673:
661:
622:
483:
156:
144:
116:
104:
1505:
History of Parliament Online: Surveys 1509–1558 - Appendix XIII - Author: S.T. Bindoff
963:(1632–1654) served as an ensign in the Civil War, was executed in for his part in the
387:
in the 1555 parliament, or on the list of government opponents kept by William More.
193:, served as MP for Lancashire, and profited from speculation in monastic lands at the
2507:
2016:
1741:
1271:
997:
705:
487:
340:
245:
225:
1494:
History of Parliament Online: Surveys 1509–1558 - Appendix XI - Author: S.T. Bindoff
502:
towards the end of her reign - an appointment that lapsed on her death. He was made
366:. As steward of the honour, the decisive voice in selecting the members belonged to
2517:
2373:
2086:
1872:
1833:
1566:
937:
718:
660:. Most importantly, it gave him access to a source of wealth and power through the
653:
564:
384:
198:
88:
1883:
1844:
1578:
1192:
Thomas Gerard, 1st Baron Gerard (c.1554-1618), eldest son and heir of Sir Gilbert.
586:. In 1571 he assisted in the interrogation and prosecution of participants in the
2496:
2475:
2350:
2346:
2041:
2011:
1939:
955:
897:
642:
634:
583:
491:
455:
451:
331:
279:
259:
1095:
of his daughters, at least, were known Catholics. Many of his descendants, like
755:
for trial, where Gerard and his fellow judges sentenced him to a fine of 10,000
304:
Gerard was returned as junior to the other member, Nicholas Cutler, a client of
99:(died 4 February 1593) was a prominent lawyer, politician, and landowner of the
2586:
2550:
2523:
2486:
2418:
2397:
2354:
2076:
1876:
1837:
1777:"Gerard, Gilbert II (d.1687), of Fiskerton, Lincs. and Pall Mall, Westminster."
1570:
1100:
820:
710:
665:
626:
614:
606:
in the prosecutions of Norfolk and his secretary, Robert Higford: the only two
544:
475:
443:
411:
294:
1893:"Gerard, Sir Gilbert (d.1593), of Ince, Lancs. and Gerrard's Bromley, Staffs."
807:. He acquired considerable estates in Derbyshire and Staffordshire, including
751:
Subsequently, Davison alone had to face Elizabeth's wrath. He was sent to the
515:
2619:
2424:
2151:
2106:
2071:
2036:
1346:
Victoria County History: Lancashire, Volume 4, Chapter 22 - Ince, s.2 - Manor
1266:
463:
221:
178:
128:
1811:
1360:
History of Parliament Online: Members 1558–1603: GERARD, William I (d. 1581)
263:
Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel, another of Gerard's political patrons.
2296:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1229:
1105:
1028:
866:
756:
752:
685:
677:
607:
587:
375:
100:
1802:
A genealogical and heraldic history of the extinct and dormant baronetcies
2534:
2430:
1083:
840:
595:
2408:
1964:
1706:
996:
and Sefton, an important Lancashire landowner, who became first of the
789:
355:
124:
2453:
1275:
1064:
793:
657:
568:
495:
993:
844:
781:
777:
527:
Thomas Bromley, Solicitor General 1569–79, Lord Chancellor 1579–87.
418:
363:
320:
286:
who nominally elected the members. Even in 1545, it is likely that
202:
162:
The Gerard family became wealthy and distinguished in the reign of
1302:
Elizabeth was daughter of Sir Charles Somerset K.B. fifth son, of
486:
for the third time in 1555. Nor can he have incurred the wrath of
1283:
1079:
680:. In 1571 he became vice-chancellor of the duchy. Along with the
324:
1559:
Brooks, Christopher W. (2004). "Gerard, Sir Gilbert (d. 1593)".
523:
1816:
Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire
1634:
808:
800:
351:
2641:
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Lancashire
374:
under Edward VI and was now a key supporter of Queen Mary and
2706:
Members of the Parliament of England (pre-1707) for Liverpool
881:
married Elizabeth Somerset, a wealthy heiress related to the
649:
275:
1794:(2 ed.), Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, p. 220
979:
They also had at least four daughters who survived infancy:
602:, Lord Lumley and others. In the following year he seconded
462:, Gerard represented Elizabeth when she was examined by the
335:
likely his own relatives were his most decisive allies: the
1812:"The Military Career of Richard, Lord Molyneux, C. 1623–54"
1518:, historyofparliamentonline.org. Accessed 14 December 2022.
1336:, membersofparliamentonline.org. Accessed 14 December 2022.
714:
579:
1897:
The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558–1603
1781:
The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1660–1690
1607:
1646:
917:
Edward Gerard, a colonel of foot who was wounded at the
1350:
This source also has a line drawing of the Gerard arms.
236:
Thomas's son, was also admitted to Gray's Inn in 1588.
1477:
1475:
224:
in 1537, when he was probably still about 16, and was
201:. Sir John, heir to the family estates, speculated in
1684:
1682:
1680:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1624:
1622:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
900:
of Gawsworth, Cheshire. They had at least three sons:
1865:
Porter, Stephen (2004), "Gerard, John (1632–1654)",
255:
The 3rd Earl of Derby, a key early patron of Gerard.
147:, Lancashire, who was descended from the Gerards of
139:
Gerard was born by 1523, the son of James Gerard of
1694:
1677:
1658:
1619:
1452:
1121:The Gerard family memorial in Ashley parish church
315:in March and October 1553: the last parliament of
217:but did not graduate, as was typical at the time.
1047:, a Lancashire landowner who became first of the
744:rooms when it was decided to send the warrant to
519:Matthew Parker, Archbishop of Canterbury 1559–75.
494:, one of a small and extremely powerful group of
370:, a religious conservative who had supported the
2617:
45:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
571:, the county's senior administrative official.
111:for more than twenty years during the reign of
103:. He was returned six times as a member of the
1554:
1552:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
839:. She was the daughter of Thomas Ratcliffe of
2332:
1980:
1799:Burke, John; Burke, Sir John Bernard (1838),
1078:Gerard's will was made on 8 January 1593 and
728:, who was the scapegoat for the execution of
346:In April 1554, Gerard was returned as MP for
1871:(online ed.), Oxford University Press,
1832:(online ed.), Oxford University Press,
1565:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
267:Gerard was first returned as MP in 1545 for
1549:
1314:
811:through marriage to Elizabeth, daughter of
362:but now formed part of the royal honour of
343:, in 1553 was Sir Thomas Gerard, a cousin.
2339:
2325:
1987:
1973:
1798:
1712:
1613:
1381:
1379:
1244:Gauntlet, part of Gilbert Gerard's armour.
107:for four different constituencies. He was
641:in 1579, although he was rewarded with a
76:Learn how and when to remove this message
1994:
1429:
865:, Gilbert's heir, was created the first
578:of the previous year, sitting mainly at
522:
514:
454:1554. According to a tradition found in
297:of the Duchy: he was returned as MP for
258:
250:
87:
2666:Attorneys general for England and Wales
1868:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1829:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1809:
1735:
1700:
1562:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1376:
1012:Richard Molyneux, 1st Viscount Molyneux
704:, the chief administrative post in the
330:As Wigan was part of the Duchy and the
239:
189:. Both distinguished themselves in the
123:. He acquired large estates, mainly in
2618:
1920:Attorney General for England and Wales
1890:
1864:
1825:
1774:
1688:
1671:
1628:
1558:
1481:
830:
815:. He was implicated in a plot to free
695:
590:. He devised the questions put to the
421:and who had recently been reported to
2320:
1968:
1858:A Topographical Dictionary of England
1851:
1787:
1652:
1640:
498:with exclusive rights to work in the
1538:
1521:
788:. He also had estates in Middlesex,
368:Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel
306:Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk
115:, as well as vice-chancellor of the
17:
1204:Gilbert, 2nd Baron Gerard (d.1622).
1073:
510:
181:family. Margaret had two brothers:
13:
2604:Italics indicate service when the
700:Gerard was promoted in 1581 to be
629:to shake off the authority of the
14:
2717:
478:in October 1554, and represented
288:Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby
2305:
1738:England's Thousand Best Churches
1237:
1221:
1209:
1197:
1185:
1173:
1161:
1149:
1137:
1125:
1027:married Sir Thomas Wingfield of
885:. They had a number of children.
656:, and he exercised considerable
631:Council of Wales and the Marches
410:, he was required to attend the
22:
1754:
1729:
1718:
1596:
1585:
1509:
1498:
1487:
1441:
1296:
1262:of the Gerards and Radcliffes.
555:. From 1561 he represented the
428:
1423:
1412:
1401:
1390:
1365:
1353:
1339:
732:. Davison was standing in for
360:Dissolution of the monasteries
213:Gerard spent some time at the
195:Dissolution of the Monasteries
1:
2646:English justices of the peace
1768:
1097:Richard Gerard of Hilderstone
1089:Old Style and New Style dates
869:of Gerrard's Bromley in 1603.
639:Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
311:Gerard was elected as MP for
134:
2676:English MPs 1553 (Edward VI)
1884:UK public library membership
1845:UK public library membership
1715:, p. 574 ¶ 2nd to last.
1579:UK public library membership
1431:"Gerard, Gilbert (GRRT537G)"
1362:. Accessed 17 December 2022.
1334:GERARD, Gilbert (by 1523–93)
771:
652:and a grant of wine free of
507:consolidate the new regime.
433:
208:
7:
2631:16th-century English judges
1852:Lewis, Samuel, ed. (1848),
1435:A Cambridge Alumni Database
354:. Steyning had belonged to
10:
2722:
2464:1st Marquess of Winchester
2437:1st Baron Audley of Walden
1779:, in Henning, B.D. (ed.),
1437:. University of Cambridge.
1282:and the Spencer family of
837:Ann Radcliffe or Ratcliffe
337:High Sheriff of Lancashire
172:Lord Chancellor of Ireland
170:, who ended his career as
2681:English MPs 1553 (Mary I)
2602:
2533:
2506:
2485:
2452:
2407:
2362:
2303:
2002:
1953:
1944:
1936:
1926:
1917:
1911:
1906:
1895:, in Hasler, P.W. (ed.),
1643:, p. 220 (footnote).
301:in the same parliament.
1304:Henry, Earl of Worcester
1289:
1265:The work was claimed by
549:Archbishop of Canterbury
414:, although not a peer.
31:This article includes a
2443:1st Earl of Southampton
1736:Jenkins, Simon (2009).
1087:the difference between
1000:. One of their sons was
919:First Battle of Newbury
813:John Port (the younger)
610:of his term of office.
557:University of Cambridge
425:as a recusant himself.
215:University of Cambridge
60:more precise citations.
2608:was held in Commission
1877:10.1093/ref:odnb/10557
1838:10.1093/ref:odnb/10550
1810:Gratton, J.M. (1984),
1713:Burke & Burke 1838
1614:Burke & Burke 1838
1571:10.1093/ref:odnb/10552
1063:married Peter Legh of
600:Earl of Northumberland
553:Merton College, Oxford
528:
520:
264:
256:
119:, and later served as
93:
2696:English MPs 1584–1585
2671:English MPs 1545–1547
2656:Members of Gray's Inn
2593:1st Viscount Brackley
1854:"Ludborough - Lufton"
1775:Bolton, P.A. (1983),
1539:Foss, Edward (1870).
825:Ashley, Staffordshire
526:
518:
500:Court of Common Pleas
262:
254:
91:
2661:Masters of the Rolls
1996:Masters of the Rolls
1899:, Boydell and Brewer
1788:Burke, John (1831),
1783:, Boydell and Brewer
1110:Thirty-Nine Articles
956:Baronet of Fiskerton
912:Earl of Macclesfield
817:Mary, Queen of Scots
730:Mary, Queen of Scots
504:Justice of the Peace
406:. As he was already
240:Parliamentary career
153:Ashton in Makerfield
1947:Master of the Rolls
1940:Sir William Cordell
1655:, pp. 186–190.
1049:De Hoghton baronets
969:Charles (born 1635)
965:Gerard's conspiracy
854:They had two sons:
831:Marriage and family
746:Fotheringhay Castle
738:principal secretary
702:Master of the Rolls
696:Master of the Rolls
576:Rising of the North
490:, as he was made a
460:Baronage of England
408:Master of the Rolls
400:knight of the shire
191:Anglo-Scottish Wars
187:Sir Thomas Holcroft
121:Master of the Rolls
2576:1st Earl of Dorset
2564:1st Baron Burghley
2557:Christopher Hatton
1957:Sir Thomas Egerton
1860:, pp. 186–190
1280:House of Cavendish
883:Earls of Worcester
766:Christopher Hatton
734:Francis Walsingham
662:Duchy of Lancaster
529:
521:
484:English parliament
265:
257:
157:Kingsley, Cheshire
155:, Lancashire, and
117:Duchy of Lancaster
105:English parliament
97:Sir Gilbert Gerard
94:
33:list of references
2613:
2612:
2572:10th Baron Cobham
2568:1st Baron Hunsdon
2314:
2313:
1963:
1962:
1954:Succeeded by
1927:Succeeded by
1882:(Subscription or
1843:(Subscription or
1747:978-0-14-103930-5
1577:(Subscription or
1516:Members 1558–1603
1272:Burton upon Trent
1260:armorial bearings
1228:Anne Radcliffe's
998:Molyneux baronets
719:legal instruments
706:Court of Chancery
619:Solicitor General
341:returning officer
226:called to the bar
183:Sir John Holcroft
86:
85:
78:
2713:
2701:Knights Bachelor
2691:English MPs 1555
2686:English MPs 1554
2626:Lord chancellors
2518:Stephen Gardiner
2511:(July 1553–1558)
2374:Thomas Rotherham
2351:Lord Chancellors
2341:
2334:
2327:
2318:
2317:
2309:
2308:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1966:
1965:
1937:Preceded by
1912:Preceded by
1904:
1903:
1900:
1887:
1879:
1861:
1848:
1840:
1822:
1806:
1795:
1784:
1763:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1733:
1727:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1675:
1669:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1626:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1600:
1594:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1574:
1556:
1547:
1546:
1536:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1502:
1496:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1450:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1427:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1405:
1399:
1394:
1388:
1383:
1374:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1307:
1300:
1241:
1225:
1213:
1201:
1189:
1177:
1165:
1153:
1141:
1129:
1074:Death and burial
990:Richard Molyneux
565:Custos Rotulorum
533:Attorney-General
531:Gerard was made
511:Attorney-General
404:Richard Molyneux
402:, together with
385:Anthony Kingston
372:Somerset faction
199:Vale Royal Abbey
109:Attorney-General
81:
74:
70:
67:
61:
56:this article by
47:inline citations
26:
25:
18:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2651:English knights
2616:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2598:
2537:
2529:
2510:
2502:
2497:Thomas Goodrich
2489:
2481:
2476:Thomas Goodrich
2456:
2448:
2411:
2403:
2366:
2358:
2345:
2315:
2310:
2306:
2301:
1998:
1993:
1959:
1950:
1942:
1932:
1930:Sir John Popham
1923:
1915:
1891:W.J.J. (1981),
1881:
1842:
1771:
1766:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1740:. p. 722.
1734:
1730:
1723:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1687:
1678:
1670:
1659:
1651:
1647:
1639:
1635:
1627:
1620:
1612:
1608:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1586:
1576:
1557:
1550:
1537:
1522:
1514:
1510:
1503:
1499:
1492:
1488:
1480:
1453:
1446:
1442:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1402:
1395:
1391:
1384:
1377:
1370:
1366:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1315:
1311:
1310:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1245:
1242:
1233:
1226:
1217:
1214:
1205:
1202:
1193:
1190:
1181:
1178:
1169:
1166:
1157:
1154:
1145:
1142:
1133:
1130:
1076:
1045:Richard Hoghton
898:Fitton baronets
835:Gerard married
833:
774:
726:William Davison
698:
635:Lord Chancellor
604:Nicholas Barham
592:Duke of Norfolk
551:, in reforming
513:
492:Serjeant-at-law
456:William Dugdale
452:Michaelmas term
436:
431:
332:County palatine
242:
211:
137:
82:
71:
65:
62:
51:
37:related reading
27:
23:
12:
11:
5:
2719:
2709:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2611:
2610:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2590:
2587:John Puckering
2584:
2580:Gilbert Gerard
2560:
2554:
2551:Thomas Bromley
2548:
2545:Nicholas Bacon
2541:
2539:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2524:Nicholas Heath
2521:
2514:
2512:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2493:
2491:
2487:Lady Jane Grey
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2473:
2470:1st Baron Rich
2467:
2460:
2458:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2422:
2419:William Warham
2415:
2413:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2398:William Warham
2395:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2370:
2368:
2360:
2359:
2355:House of Tudor
2344:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2077:Charles Caesar
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1969:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1952:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1925:
1916:
1914:Edward Griffin
1913:
1909:
1908:
1907:Legal offices
1902:
1901:
1888:
1862:
1849:
1823:
1807:
1796:
1785:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1753:
1746:
1728:
1717:
1705:
1693:
1676:
1657:
1645:
1633:
1618:
1616:, p. 217.
1606:
1595:
1584:
1548:
1545:. p. 295.
1520:
1508:
1497:
1486:
1451:
1440:
1422:
1411:
1400:
1389:
1375:
1364:
1352:
1338:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1236:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1124:
1122:
1101:Newgate Prison
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1001:
977:
976:
975:
974:
973:
972:
971:
970:
967:
958:
942:
941:
935:
928:
927:
926:
925:
922:
915:
902:
901:
889:
888:
887:
886:
873:
872:
871:
870:
832:
829:
821:Tutbury Castle
773:
770:
697:
694:
666:Clare, Suffolk
645:in that year.
627:Worcestershire
615:Thomas Bromley
545:Matthew Parker
512:
509:
476:City of London
472:
471:
450:, relating to
444:Edmund Plowden
435:
432:
430:
427:
412:House of Lords
241:
238:
210:
207:
168:William Gerard
136:
133:
84:
83:
41:external links
30:
28:
21:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2718:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2607:
2601:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2425:Thomas Wolsey
2423:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2342:
2337:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2067:Julius Caesar
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1985:
1983:
1978:
1976:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1958:
1949:
1948:
1941:
1935:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1910:
1905:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1805:, p. 574
1804:
1803:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1762:
1757:
1749:
1743:
1739:
1732:
1726:
1721:
1714:
1709:
1702:
1697:
1690:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1673:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1654:
1649:
1642:
1637:
1630:
1625:
1623:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1599:
1593:
1588:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1555:
1553:
1544:
1543:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1517:
1512:
1506:
1501:
1495:
1490:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1449:
1444:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1415:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1393:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1373:
1368:
1361:
1356:
1347:
1342:
1335:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1313:
1305:
1299:
1295:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1267:John Betjeman
1263:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1224:
1219:
1212:
1207:
1200:
1195:
1188:
1183:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1147:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1092:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
999:
995:
991:
987:
984:
983:
982:
981:
980:
968:
966:
962:
959:
957:
954:and was made
953:
952:Northallerton
949:
946:
945:
944:
943:
939:
936:
933:
930:
929:
923:
920:
916:
913:
909:
906:
905:
904:
903:
899:
895:
894:
893:
892:
891:
890:
884:
880:
877:
876:
875:
874:
868:
864:
863:
859:
858:
857:
856:
855:
852:
850:
846:
842:
838:
828:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
797:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
769:
767:
761:
758:
754:
749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
707:
703:
693:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
611:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
572:
570:
566:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
541:
539:
534:
525:
517:
508:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
469:
468:
467:
465:
464:Privy Council
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
426:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
392:
388:
386:
380:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
338:
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
309:
307:
302:
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
272:
270:
261:
253:
249:
247:
237:
233:
231:
230:Autumn Reader
227:
223:
218:
216:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
179:landed gentry
175:
173:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
132:
130:
129:Staffordshire
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
90:
80:
77:
69:
66:December 2022
59:
55:
49:
48:
42:
38:
34:
29:
20:
19:
16:
2579:
2562:
2222:Swinfen Eady
2217:Cozens-Hardy
2046:
1945:
1918:
1896:
1866:
1857:
1827:
1819:
1815:
1801:
1790:
1780:
1756:
1737:
1731:
1720:
1708:
1701:Gratton 1984
1696:
1648:
1636:
1609:
1598:
1587:
1560:
1541:
1511:
1500:
1489:
1443:
1434:
1425:
1414:
1403:
1392:
1367:
1355:
1341:
1298:
1274:, centre of
1264:
1256:cadaver tomb
1248:
1113:
1106:Divine grace
1099:who died in
1093:
1077:
1060:
1040:
1029:Letheringham
1024:
985:
978:
878:
867:Baron Gerard
860:
853:
836:
834:
798:
775:
762:
753:Star Chamber
750:
723:
699:
686:Ralph Sadler
678:Amounderness
647:
612:
608:State Trials
588:Ridolfi plot
573:
561:
542:
530:
473:
459:
448:Commentaries
447:
437:
429:Legal career
416:
393:
389:
381:
376:Lord Steward
345:
329:
310:
303:
292:
273:
266:
243:
234:
219:
212:
176:
161:
138:
101:Tudor period
96:
95:
72:
63:
52:Please help
44:
15:
2636:1593 deaths
2595:(1596–1603)
2589:(1592–1596)
2583:(1591–1592)
2559:(1587–1591)
2553:(1579–1587)
2547:(1558–1579)
2538:(1558–1603)
2535:Elizabeth I
2526:(1555–1558)
2520:(1553–1555)
2499:(July 1553)
2490:(July 1553)
2478:(1552–1553)
2472:(1547–1551)
2457:(1547–1553)
2445:(1544–1547)
2439:(1532–1544)
2433:(1529–1532)
2431:Thomas More
2427:(1515–1529)
2421:(1509–1515)
2412:(1509–1547)
2400:(1502–1509)
2394:(1500–1502)
2392:Henry Deane
2388:(1486–1500)
2386:John Morton
2382:(1485–1486)
2380:John Alcock
2367:(1485–1509)
2357:(1485–1603)
1689:Porter 2004
1672:Bolton 1983
1629:Hutton 2008
1482:W.J.J. 1981
1084:Edward Foss
841:Winmarleigh
805:John Gerard
596:John Lesley
220:He entered
164:Elizabeth I
113:Elizabeth I
58:introducing
2620:Categories
2606:Greal Seal
2409:Henry VIII
2353:under the
2202:Alverstone
1951:1581–1593
1924:1559–1581
1886:required.)
1847:required.)
1769:References
1653:Lewis 1848
1641:Burke 1831
1581:required.)
1252:Talbot dog
1230:Talbot dog
790:Shropshire
742:Burghley's
682:Chancellor
674:West Derby
643:knighthood
538:John Hales
496:barristers
396:Lancashire
358:until the
356:Syon Abbey
299:Lancashire
222:Gray's Inn
135:Background
125:Lancashire
2454:Edward VI
2364:Henry VII
2282:Neuberger
2257:Donaldson
2227:Sterndale
2172:Cottenham
2162:Lyndhurst
2117:Fortescue
2097:Churchill
2082:Colepeper
2052:Ellesmere
2022:Southwell
1276:alabaster
1065:Lyme Park
1041:Catherine
1025:Radclyffe
938:Ratcliffe
879:Ratcliffe
794:Wiltshire
778:patrimony
772:Landowner
690:Lancaster
658:patronage
623:Worcester
569:Middlesex
540:in 1564.
434:Barrister
317:Edward VI
280:burgesses
269:Liverpool
209:Education
203:wardships
2292:Etherton
2272:Phillips
2247:Evershed
2232:Hanworth
2177:Langdale
2092:Grimston
2087:Lenthall
2027:Beaumont
2012:Cromwell
1061:Margaret
1043:married
994:Croxteth
988:married
914:in 1679.
845:Damhouse
782:Damhouse
670:hundreds
423:Burghley
419:recusant
391:purity.
364:Petworth
348:Steyning
321:advowson
295:fee-farm
2348:English
2262:Bingham
2252:Denning
2212:Collins
2197:Lindley
2182:Romilly
2157:Gifford
2122:Strange
2062:Phelips
2057:Kinloss
2042:Cordell
1284:Althorp
1080:probate
986:Frances
948:Gilbert
932:Gilbert
921:(1643).
908:Charles
819:, from
803:priest
482:in the
440:Ancient
325:borough
284:freemen
54:improve
2508:Mary I
2466:(1547)
2376:(1485)
2277:Clarke
2242:Greene
2237:Wright
2187:Jessel
2152:Plumer
2137:Kenyon
2132:Sewell
2127:Clarke
2112:Verney
2107:Jekyll
2102:Trevor
2072:Digges
2047:Gerard
2007:Taylor
1880:
1841:
1744:
1575:
862:Thomas
849:Astley
809:Etwall
801:Jesuit
786:Astley
650:leases
617:, the
598:, the
584:Durham
547:, the
352:Sussex
339:, the
141:Astley
2287:Dyson
2267:Woolf
2207:Smith
2192:Brett
2167:Leach
2147:Grant
2142:Arden
2032:Bowes
2017:Hales
1290:Notes
757:marks
715:writs
711:fines
613:With
480:Wigan
313:Wigan
276:mayor
39:, or
2037:Hare
1742:ISBN
961:John
792:and
717:and
676:and
654:duty
637:and
625:and
582:and
580:York
488:Mary
278:and
246:Mary
185:and
149:Bryn
145:Ince
143:and
127:and
2297:Vos
1873:doi
1834:doi
1820:134
1567:doi
1306:.
992:of
847:in
784:at
748:.
736:as
672:of
567:of
536:of
458:'s
446:'s
327:.
282:or
2622::
1856:,
1818:,
1814:,
1679:^
1660:^
1621:^
1551:^
1523:^
1454:^
1433:.
1378:^
1316:^
1112::
796:.
713:,
692:.
684:,
594:,
466::
350:,
248:.
151:,
131:.
43:,
35:,
2578:/
2574:/
2570:/
2566:/
2340:e
2333:t
2326:v
1988:e
1981:t
1974:v
1875::
1836::
1750:.
1703:.
1691:.
1674:.
1631:.
1573:.
1569::
1484:.
1348:.
1232:.
1051:.
1031:.
79:)
73:(
68:)
64:(
50:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
