Goose step - Knowledge

1459: 1011: 1653: 352: 118: 999: 309: 1104:, the other disciplined services have also adopted the practice for relevant ceremonial purposes, such as the National Security Education Day. There are no plans to change to goose-stepping force-wide as of March 2021, but the traditional approach is pending official review. While the Chinese central government has also requested uniformed youth groups in Hong Kong to adopt the goose step practice of the PLA in the mainland, only one organization has adopted the practice there. As of January 2022, the Hong Kong Police Force has adopted the goose step method as a means of showing patriotism. 1121: 27: 496: 438:: The Haitian military was dissolved in 1996. However, demobilized soldiers have formed militias that continue to drill with the goose step. The government began reforming its armed forces in 2016, sending them to be trained by Latin American countries that use the goose step like Ecuador. Thus, the new Haiti Defence Force marches in like manner as in many South and Central American armed services which use the practice. 305:

troops typically only begin to goose-step when they approach the reviewing stand and return to a normal march step once they have marched past. Large military parades require several days of practice to ensure that troops can perform the goose step without injuring themselves. Preparatory training includes having soldiers march in small groups, with arms linked to maintain balance.

1354:, and switched to the goose step early in the Cold War. Neither march step was retained after the end of the Cold War, as the parade of 1961 formally ended its use in favor of the normal quick march. (It was only retained as a slow march for the entrance of historical colors, until 1990 a modified high step was used by guards of honour.) 1998:

idea of the moral effect of that step? You see those men marching by, every muscle in their bodies taut and tingling as steel wire, every eye on the Emperor, and when they bring those feet down--bing! bang!-- the physical fitness it stands for, the unity, determination--why, it's the whole German idea--nothing can stop them!"

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The RPF had very close ties with the Ugandan government as many of its leaders came from the exiled Tutsi community in Uganda and had become an important force within Museveni's rebel force ... As a result, many members of the elite in Rwanda look back on a period of military training in Uganda, and

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The parade step in Japan is practically the German goose-step, and the arms are brought to horizontal position in front at each swing. This may, to the superficial observer, seem absurd, but it conveys a strong sense of momentum and force, and I fully believe it has a sort of hypnotic effect on the

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You have heard, let us say, of the German parade step, sometimes laughed at as the "goose step" in England and at home. I was lunching the other day with an American military observer, and he spoke of the parade step and the effect it had on him. "Did you ever see it?" he demanded. "Have you any

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After the fall of the Soviet Union, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Georgia abandoned the Russian-style goose step (by 2015, Estonia revived the practice but only color guards do so on parades and Latvia retained the goose step for ceremonial purposes). The other 11 former Soviet Republics have kept

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The goose step is a difficult marching style that takes much practice and choreography in order to coordinate the timing of each person's step with one-another. It is therefore reserved for ceremonial occasions such as military parades. Because it is difficult to maintain for long periods of time,

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for many years practiced a form of bouncing goose step, which leaves a visual impression of a clear bounce in each step. This is unique among all militaries that practice the goose step. North Korea switched from a standard Soviet goose step to the bouncing goose step between 1993 and 1998, but a

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in the World Wars as a symbol of blind obedience and senseless attachment to military form. Prior to U.S. entry into World War I, American military observers had remarked favorably on the goose step as a means of building unit cohesion. However, its association with Nazi Germany in World War II

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greatly increased the accuracy of defensive fire. It was too hazardous to march forward into battle in precise formation, and the practice of marching towards enemy lines became obsolete. However, armed forces continued to drill recruits in marching techniques that now focus on team building,

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countries in Asia and Africa. Meanwhile, the United States, United Kingdom, and France were, through efforts in their client republics and allies, preventing the use of the goose step in their armed services. A divided Germany was also divided in their armies' foot drill; the East German

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must be intending to link the Roman Empire with the tyranny of Nazi Germany. However, goose-stepping in Russia carries no such connotation, and reflects only military discipline. Goose-stepping can be found in a number of Russian ballets in which it is not associated with the

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The goose step was also being practiced in the neighbor countries of Germany like Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark and Luxembourg in tandem with other influences (particularly British, French and Germans), but following the Second World War these countries dropped it altogether.

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ended using it for formal parades. Today only historical units dressed in uniforms from the First World War perform the goose step, but with in shoulder arms position on the march instead of the usual slope arms done until the 2000s, by then only by guards of honor.

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and the leg is raised only to knee-height, or even to calf height. The lower goose step improves balance and unit cohesion at the tempo of a quick march. Flagbearers and honour guards will frequently march with a higher goose step than the mass of troops following.

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uses a sort of goose half step (with the leg at approximately 45 degrees) as their parade step while passing in front of the authorities. The same step is used by the Guards Company of the National Gendarmerie Academy and its colour guard. Other units perform the

191:. This led many countries to modernize their military forces along the Prussian model. Goose stepping continued to gain ground even after Germany's defeat in World War I, as many nations still looked to the German model for military organization and training. 2895:

The parade reflected some of the training the Tanzanian army had received in Communist East Germany. Its precision was somewhat handicapped, however. The army's instruction in goose-stepping had obviously taken place when the soldiers wore Prussian-style

1159:. Seems a kind of fusion with the British-style marching, the step is performed by swinging hands (at 90 degrees, or as high as the shoulder), either unarmed or at slope/shoulder arms position. If at port arms, both arms hold the weapon while performing it. 1330:

and conformed to West German military customs. Although goose-stepping has no official sanction, the practice is not illegal in Germany. Some civilian marching bands and riflemen's associations continue to goose-step while others dropped it altogether.

3001:"О внесении изменений в Указ Президента Республики Казахстан от 5 июля 2007 года № 364 "Об утверждении общевоинских уставов Вооруженных Сил, других войск и воинских формирований Республики Казахстан" — Официальный сайт Президента Республики Казахстан" 785:. When the country became independent from apartheid South Africa in 1990, it kept the British-style march step. However, it has since returned to the traditional goose step, done with a modified form of the German arms drill in the English language. 1748:

has connotations of blind obedience and submission. The term does not carry this negative connotation in countries that currently use the goose step, though this is sometimes the actual case. This can result in mistaken interpretations due to

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The goose step is a feature of military ceremonies in dozens of countries, to varying extents. Some countries use the goose step as a general parade step performed by all troops, while others reserve it for honour guards and ceremonial units.

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The goose step became widespread in militaries around the world in the 19th and 20th centuries. Military modernization and political influence carried the practice to Asia, Africa, and Latin America from its origins in Prussia and Russia.

547:: A moderate form of the goose step is performed by honour guards, with the foot raised only a few centimetres off the ground, these are the only units that use it on parade. It is not used by other units of the military, however. 1288:

The goose step is a ceremonial march that requires substantial training. It is often abandoned in times of war, as more pressing needs occupy the available training time. Opinion on the goose step was divided even in the German

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is similar to the goose step but instead of keeping the leg straight, the knee is bent at the top of the arc. It has been utilized by a number of military forces, often as an alternative to or replacement for the goose step.

1396:(ATM), in 2018, once practiced the goose step as their new type of marching step combined with British style marching for ceremonial purpose, but was abandoned later after receiving several criticism from Malaysian citizens. 3595:

However, the English term wasn't at first applied to the stiff-legged parade march but to a form of drill in which recruits were taught to stand alternately on one leg and swing the other back and forwards, keeping the knee

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uses the goose step as a general parade step, but lifting the feet only a couple of inches above the ground; only Honor Guards have been observed to march with a "full" goose step. The practice has also been adopted by

486:: Only military officer cadets use the goose step for parade purposes, other units of the armed forces (save for special forces, which march on parade on the double) used the goosestep until 1960 and from 2010 to 2017. 3624:

While they were in difficulties, there was a pit pat paddle pat! and the three Puddle-Ducks came along the hard high road, marching one behind the other and doing the goose step—pit pat paddle pat! pit pat waddle

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military junta, which espoused socialist ideals and sought Soviet military aid. The practice was dropped after the Derg were overthrown but was restored - with a modified British arms and parade drill - in 2023.

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uses the goose step as a slow march for the most important ceremonies, such as royal funerals and the presentation of the colours. The goose step is not used for military parades or guard mounting ceremonies.

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The hero of the comedy is, it will be remembered, none other than Prince Leopold of Dessau, friend of Frederick the Great, hero of the Prussian Army, and inventor of the iron ramrod and of the "goose-step."

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Switzerland is a majority German-speaking country that absorbed many German (and certain Austrian) military traditions alongside those of France and Italy as a reflection of the country's diversity. The

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in the 1930s. During the later stages of World War II, the goose step nearly disappeared because of manpower shortages, accelerated courses in basic training, and a paucity of appropriate occasions.

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originated in the 18th century, like other march steps, as a method of keeping troops lined up properly as they advanced towards enemy lines. It was introduced into German military tradition by

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The goose step is very popular in Latin America, where it has been adopted by most Spanish-speaking countries. It is not found in countries where English or Portuguese is an official language.

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continues to use the goose step as its ceremonial march step. In 2021, the ROC defense ministry has once again resumed goose step training, in time for the 2024 centennial celebration of the

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march at 95–105 steps per minute raising the forward leg 10–15 centimeters above the ground. This differs from their Russian counterparts who goose step at a rate of 120 steps per minute.

1116:. Some units, such as the Gurkha and Assam regiments, use the goose step as a general parade step, although the foot does not generally leave the ground for more than a couple of inches. 240:

would follow suit and bring the practice into present day, owing to both tradition and its own Soviet influence. They account for the largest single goose-stepping military today.

1100:, some Hong Kong's institutions, traditionally conducting British-style drill, like Customs and Excise Department, have adopted the goose step. With the enaction of the 1562:: the high step been practiced by military juniors or cadets for training purpose only. It's not been used in military parade, honor guard or official ceremony however. 1678: 1256:. In 2023, goose step marching was performed by the Republic of China Armed Forces for the first time in 20 years for the 99th anniversary of Whampoa Military Academy 3551: 1411:

administration. In 2016, veterans organizations criticized the sloppy marching of military cadets and began holding their own goose-stepping parades, reviewed by

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again continued the practice due to both tradition and Soviet influences; it was seen publicly for the first time in 1951, when the second anniversary of the

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politicians on two occasions. In 2021, the Taiwanese department of defense resumed goose step training, in time for the 2024 centennial celebration of the

707: 3137: 2838: 887: 883: 1046:) literally translates as "straight march" or "upright march". China adopted the goose step during the last days of its imperial dynasty, since their 2731: 62:

and other ceremonies. While marching in parade formation, troops swing their legs in unison off the ground while keeping each leg rigidly straight.

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received their military training in the goose-stepping country of Uganda. The new type of goose step was performed during the 25th anniversary of

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After referring to earlier Russian and German military missions in China, Wedemeyer announced that now the Chinese would "unlearn to goosestep."

1318:) to avoid references to old Prussian and Wehrmacht military traditions. The 200-year-old German tradition of goose stepping finally ended with 1252:'s DPP government. In 2021, the ROC defense ministry once again resumed goose step training, in time for the 2024 centennial celebration of the 338:, and the leg is nearly horizontal, and sometimes well beyond. In a standard goose step, found in large military parades, the pace is done at a 287:(quick march). The centuries-long German practice of goose-stepping finally ended in 1990, when the former was absorbed into the latter due to 92:

The term "goose step" originally referred to balance stepping, an obsolete formalized slow march. The term is nowadays heavily associated with

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and had in the 1920s an increase of foreign trade and technical collaboration with Germany, with Reichswehr advisers present in the army. The

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also use the goose step during solemn ceremonies such as at war memorials or military cemeteries. The goose step has been featured in several

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with Soviet military drill and ceremonial practices. This led to the second great wave of goose step adoption, as it was introduced into many

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infantry into one of the most formidable armed forces in Europe. Other armies adopted different march steps that served the same purpose. The

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The first wave of adoption took place in the late 19th century, as the Prussian army became greatly admired for its decisive victory in the

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and adopted the high step during this time. The step was abandoned after the country's defeat in World War II. Some units, such as the

972: 3138:"Hong Kong disciplined services to ditch British marching in favour of Chinese 'goose-step' at National Security Education Day events" 1010: 1435: 712: 559:: While no longer in use, only two breakaway states in Abkhazia and South Ossetia uses the goose step, as it is aligned with Russia. 2457: 1339:

unit retains the practice). The breakaway Russian-occupied regions in Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine continue to use the goose step.

842:, and its military received training from East Germany. At military parades, a horizontal goose step is performed at a quick march. 3444: 1628: 1427: 3113: 2030:

soldiers, making them feel stronger and more consequential. It is by no manner of means to be laughed at, that I am certain of.

1636: 1475: 1097: 380: 1419:. In 2023, the goose step was once again publicly performed at the 99th Anniversary of the Republic of China Military Academy 3765: 2453: 2078: 1740:, the goose step is performed by a flock of geese, singing the praises of their porcine leader Napoleon in a propaganda film. 1767:, the Roman soldiers goose-step in most of their scenes. English-speaking reviewers sometimes conclude erroneously that the 3717: 1166:

modified form resembling Soviet practice was reinstated in 2020 characteristic of a less vigorous bounce and a slower pace.

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first broadcast in 1975, the main character Basil Fawlty imitates the goose step in front of some German hotel guests.

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continued the practice due to tradition and also influences from their German military advisors in 1920s. After the

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Although Botswana has British military traditions it uses a goose step on a slow march and High Step in quick march

1351: 1144: 855: 500: 412: 465:: In military parades, cadets march with a waist-high goose step at the quick step. Other units do not goose step. 3329: 677:

uses the goose step as a special march step for military bands and commando units. Other units do not goose-step.

2839:"Rwandan troops trained by Chinese military mark 25th anniversary of liberation | South China Morning Post" 1231:

uses the goose step as a military march step in slow time only. The marching pace while goose stepping is 60 bpm

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of Imperial China also adopted goose stepping together with Prussian military model. After its dissolution, the

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kept the goose step (although it incoorperated some Soviet-style goose step elements), while the West German

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continued the practice, also because that they were being trained by German advisers in the 1920s; after the

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song perform the goose step to symbolize the dictatorship that will be imposed after Mufasa is overthrown.

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adopted the goose step during the Cold War, when it was aligned with the Soviet Union. Personnel of the

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was celebrated with a military parade in Hanoi. It received Chinese and Soviet military aid during the

1148: 2636:"Best Parade of the Central African Republic' Armed Forces Trained by Rwanda Defence Forces (RDF)2023" 918:'s use of the goose step is a direct result of Soviet military influence on the country when it was a 577:: Only honour guards and color guards. The goose step continues to be used in the breakaway region of 398:

some troops marching with this step similar to the Paraguayan forces step marching but in slower pace.

2717: 1683: 1612: 1507: 1443: 1323: 1237:: Similar to mainland China, The Republic of China Armed Forces performed the goose step because the 1152: 1039: 268: 206:. The practice of goose stepping then spread widely throughout Latin America from Chilean influence. 117: 998: 1794:, the three puddle-ducks are described as "marching one behind the other and doing the goose step". 1407:. The 80-year tradition of goose-stepping was finally ended in 2003, during an independence-minded 1203: 1187: 1058: 1015: 893: 782: 696: 674: 324: 3421: 3091: 2146:

Curiously, the East German Army retained the old Prussian military goose step until December 1989.

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proved fatal to the goose step's reputation in English-speaking countries. It was condemned in

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was celebrated with a military parade in Beijing. The practice continued on both sides of the

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Desfile Militar 206 Aniversario del inicio de la Gesta Heroica de la Independencia de México

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after World War II, but reinstated when the country sought to disassociate itself from the

1594: 1526: 1439: 1319: 923: 649: 606: 600: 595: 389: 313: 288: 3669: 553:: Moderate goose step is the general parade step, which replaced the Soviet style in 2005. 8: 1608: 1584: 1574: 1483: 1279:. The use of goose step styling inherited from China continues in a united Vietnam today. 1109: 962: 958: 927: 875: 680: 589: 574: 188: 1905: 1365:("Roman Step"). The custom was never popular in Italy's armed forces except amongst the 1307: 955:

adopted the goose step in 2017, after receiving training from Chinese drill instructors.

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Article has a photograph of soldiers goose-stepping with legs 45° above the horizontal.

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units of the JGSDF, firefighting units, and police forces, still maintain the practice.

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Honores Militares previos a la misa corpore insepulto por S.A.R. el Infante Don Carlos

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military uniformity, and ceremonial functions. This was true in Prussia and the later

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SS.AA.RR. los Príncipes de Asturias presiden el desfile militar de la Fiesta Nacional

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Fête de l'indépendance (An 56): Célébration officielle au Palais Présidentiel (2016)

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Fuerzas militares y policiales desfilaron en homenaje al presidente de la República

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used the goose step until World War I, when they were absorbed by the victorious

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RTB - Cérémonie du 11 décembre 2015 (partie 3 : parade militaire et civile)

1112:: The goose step is performed by colour guards, as well as border guards at the 175:, where the goose step became emblematic of military discipline and efficiency. 2811:

Hidden in Plain View: Refugees Living Without Protection in Nairobi and Kampala

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Botswana Defence Force Military Parade 2018 (Parade, Fly Pass, Hardware Parade)

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uses a horizontal goose step for military parades. Rwanda was formerly part of

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Cuban president Fidel Castro and Ethiopian leader Mariam watch military parade

3397: 3366: 3346: 3305: 3279: 3259: 3245: 3219: 3199: 3186:"Hong Kong police switch to Chinese-style goose-stepping 'to show patriotism'" 2950: 2908: 2859: 2789: 2769: 2749: 2699: 2679: 2635: 2615: 2595: 2571: 2551: 2531: 2511: 2491: 2471: 2419: 2399: 2379: 2359: 2339: 2325: 2321:

TVC Independencia Honduras 2015: desfile del instituto Liceo Militar del Norte

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use the goose step, as they are trained and supplied by Iran and North Korea.

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practicing the goose step due receiving training by Indian army instructors.

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honor guard company goose-stepping at ASEAN defense ministers meeting, 2010.

720:: At military parades, a horizontal goose step is performed at a slow march. 3333: 3076: 2421:

El Ejército del Perú tuvo esta destacada presentación en el Desfile Militar

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abandoned the goose step in 1946, after the German defeat in World War II.

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insurgents in northern Myanmar use the goose step, as they allied with the

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uses the goose step as a general parade step. Burundi was formerly part of

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Fuerzas Armadas de Ecuador capacitará a 40 aspirantes a soldados de Haití

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in many English-speaking countries. As a result, the term has acquired a

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Official Web Page of the Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea

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Huang, Sunrise; Liu, Claudia; Su, Justin; Hsu, Elizabeth (2016-06-12).

3023:"PLA's goose-stepping highlight of Qatari National Day military parade" 2577: 2439: 1668: 1604: 1412: 1327: 1195: 1156: 1023: 982: 915: 768: 565:: Only color guards goose step in slow time during military ceremonies. 529: 276: 126: 101: 1682:, and proved an easy target for parody in many editorial cartoons and 1533:

uses the high step while the rest of the military uses the goose step.

1442:. However, Zimbabwe ultimately attained black majority rule thanks to 628:

Most African militaries trace their adoption of the goose step to the

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Desfile Militar en conmemoración del Día de la Independencia Nacional

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uses the goose step for military parade purpose since the late 1990s.

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Antwerp to Gallipoli: A Year of War on Many Fronts - and Behind Them

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Winds of destruction: the autobiography of a Rhodesian combat pilot

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Live: Republic Day Parade - 26th January 2016 at Rajpath, New Delhi

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Romania used the goose step from the 1910s up until 2004, when the

1241: 1199: 1183: 1050: 1034: 849: 839: 752: 738: 733: 690: 629: 473: 462: 441: 407: 249: 213: 86: 3434:"Swiss Army Drops Goosestep," Associated Press, February 28, 1946. 2791:

Kwibohora 20: Celebrating 20 years of liberation - Amahoro Stadium

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uses the goose step as a general parade step only by honor guards.

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Swedish Military Parade of Colourguard with Prussian Stechschritt

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Goose-stepping is found primarily in Central and Eastern Europe.

418: 395: 148: 2951:"I.R Iran army massive military parade 2017- رژه ارتش ج.ا ایران" 1835:

Journal of the Military Service Institution of the United States

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was modelled after the Prussian Army. This was abandoned by the

3725: 3224:. Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. 26 January 2016. 1660: 1434:, adopting East German uniforms and the goose step. Meanwhile, 1214: 1028: 612: 584: 568: 457: 446: 404:

uses the Prussian form of the goose step essentially unaltered.

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or firm step, is performed during ceremonial occasions by the

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continue to goose-step, while Kurdish forces have adopted the

640:, but all of them restored the goose step after independence. 3204:. Ministry of Defence, Government of India. 13 October 2015. 2678:. Asonga noticias a la carta. 24 October 2014. Archived from 1570: 1536: 1314:

preserved the goose step and renamed it the "drilling step" (

987: 838:. The country was aligned with the socialist side during the 788: 743: 723: 508: 401: 167: 19:

This article is about the marching step. For other uses, see

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The Russian Army of the Napoleonic Wars: Infantry, 1799-1814

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uses the goose step styling inherited from the Soviet Union.

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In the most rigorous form of the goose step, often found in

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was the first non-European country to adopt the goose step,

2160:"Trump 'reckless' on Nato, says defence committee chairman" 2044:

The Grand Illusion: The Prussianization of the Chilean Army

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La parade militaire des 53 ans des forces armées burkinabè

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comprises the eastern half of the former German colony of

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military drill in the mid-18th century and was called the

3114:"Hong Kong Police marching in the Chinese military style" 2441:

Regulamin musztry Sił Zbrojnych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej

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in the 1960s and received training from Chinese advisors.

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includes the western half of the former German colony of

571:: Only selected guards goose step in ceremonial purposes. 3306:"Paskibraka Upacara HUT RI Ke 70 Di Istana Kepresidenan" 2732:"Mozambique celebrates 35th anniversary of independence" 2656:"Large military and popular parade for Independence Day" 1462:

Example of high-stepping in a military parade, Belgrade.

2600:. Radiodiffusion Télévision Burkina. 11 December 2015. 2228:. Presidencia de la República - Colombia. 20 July 2015. 3368:【BOSS工作室 #LIVE】陸軍官校99周年校慶部隊分列式現場超壯觀 20230616 @CtiNews 2264:. SV TV El Salvador. 16 September 2016. Archived from 1302:

abandoned the goose step in favor of "marching step" (

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was supported by the Soviet Union and Cuba during the

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Cuban Honor Guards goose-stepping at the Mausoleum of

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Penampilan LKBB Pramuka SMKN 1Denpasar (Scout Skensa)

2976:"Kazakhstan's Army Marching Away From Soviet Legacy?" 1866:. Vol. 1. London: Richard Bentley. p. 166. 1403:

continued to use the goose step after the end of the

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and from Iran. The tradition was carried on into the

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Athletes goose-stepping with the Olympic flag at the

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adopted the goose step during the 1796–1801 reign of

3038: 3036: 2774:. Namibian Broadcasting Corporation. 10 March 2016. 2324:. Televicentro HN. 15 September 2015. Archived from 1647: 1486:, and has been increasingly adopted by units of the 1422:

Zimbabwean guerillas used the goose step during the

3524:"The Lion King: Be Prepared | Sing-A-Long | Disney" 2046:. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. 870:has used the goose step since the 1950s during the 81:. German military advisors spread the tradition to 3642: 3480:. Johannesburg: 30° South Publishers, 2005. p.382. 3460:"Veterans reintroduce goose step in Taipei parade" 3066: 3064: 3062: 2927: 2132:A History of Germany 1918-2014: The Divided Nation 1950: 652:uses the goose step as a general parade step. The 147:whose close attention to training transformed the 3033: 2261:Desfile Militar Independencia de El Salvador 2016 1906:"goose step - Search Online Etymology Dictionary" 1369:. The goose step was dropped after World War II. 449:: adopted the goose step marching in early 1980s. 421:uses a waist-high goose-step in military parades. 3742: 3445:"Army chief shoots down 'goose steps' criticism" 3244:. Slamet Wahyudi. 5 October 2017. Archived from 2813:. New York, NY: Human Rights Watch. p. 89. 2533:Marinha de Guerra comemora 39 anos de existência 1053:was modelled after the Prussian Army. After the 89:spread it around the world in the 20th century. 3668:this article contains text originally from the 3323: 3059: 2714:"Madagascar military parade marks national day" 2617:53ème anniversaire de l'indépendance du Burundi 2344:. Gobierno de la República. 16 September 2016. 2070:The Chinese People's Liberation Army since 1949 1948: 1519:but abandoned in favor of the goose step after 1186:do not use the goose step. However, the ethnic 861: 3160:"China asks Hong Kong to goose-step into line" 2157: 2066: 1611:, abandoned in favor of the goose step by the 1577:use the goose step, but Kurdish forces in the 1357:Italy introduced the goose step in 1938 under 3640: 3491:Cry Zimbabwe: Independence -- Twenty Years on 3457: 2826:retain close links with the Ugandan military. 2698:. RTI Officiel. 7 August 2016. Archived from 2446:Drill instructions of the Polish Armed Forces 2042:Sater, William F.; Herwig, Holger H. (1999). 1543:was modernized along German lines during the 1271:had adopted the goose step by 1954, when the 3737:soldiers goose-step during a military parade 3424:on August 26, 2010 – via www.time.com. 2930:"Goose Step | Best and Worst of Horror" 2910:Colour and pomp at Independence celebrations 2123: 945:do not perform the goose step. However, the 282: 274: 266: 162:By the mid-19th century, the replacement of 134: 76: 70: 16:Marching step involving rigid, straight legs 3330:How to march like the North Korean military 3072:"Demobilize antiquated goose step marching" 2041: 1721:(1994), the hyenas marching through Scar's 1342:Ethiopia adopted the goose step during the 256:trained the military forces of many of its 200:importing many Prussian military traditions 2187:Programa NE - Un día en el Colegio Militar 1859: 1780:is sometimes found in a humorous context: 178: 2878: 2734:. Xinhuanet. 26 June 2010. Archived from 2716:. Xinhuanet. 27 June 2014. Archived from 2241:Parada Militar Autopista Narcisa de Jesús 2017:"The Japanese Coronation Military Review" 2010: 2008: 2006: 1828: 1494:which had previously used the goose step. 1081:until 2003, when it was abandoned by the 693:was a German colony prior to World War I. 2458:General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces 2281:Les Militaires continuent de s'entraîner 2210:. Ejército de Chile. 21 September 2016. 2129: 1651: 1457: 1119: 1009: 997: 994:East Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia 494: 350: 307: 116: 25: 3576: 2190:. Ejército Argentino. 22 October 2016. 2104:The American experience in World War II 2014: 1667:The goose step was ridiculed by Allied 1401:Republic of China (Taiwan) Armed Forces 791:using goose step in slow marching time. 104:meaning in English-speaking countries. 3743: 3607: 3140:. South China Morning Post. 2021-03-27 2808: 2751:Namibia Independence Celebrations 1991 2361:Desfile Militar "Pueblo-Ejército" 2015 2284:. Le Nouvelliste Haiti. 6 March 2012. 2101: 2003: 1980: 1978: 1696: 1478:: the high step is standard among the 1350:Hungary used the high step during the 2794:. Government of Rwanda. 4 July 2014. 2754:. Namibian Broadcasting Corporation. 1438:was supplied and trained by China in 1221:, but not by Gurkha regiments in the 3505:Military Parade In Tokyo (1930-1939) 2381:Panama: US Military Base Handed Over 2304:. Defense Ecuador. 6 February 2015. 1984: 1706:", an episode of the British sitcom 1515:: the high step was used during the 346: 3577:Quinion, Michael (April 23, 2011). 3201:India-China Joint Military Exercise 3042: 3020: 2861:Seychelles National Day Parade 2015 2516:. Autotransporter. 28 August 2020. 2364:. El 19 Digital. 3 September 2015. 2015:Walcott, Arthur S. (January 1916). 1975: 1949:Haythornthwaite, Philip J. (1987). 1623:. The former Yugoslav republics of 1607:: the high step was adopted by the 299: 13: 3634: 3608:Potter, Beatrix (September 1907). 2556:. Botswana Insight. 21 June 2018. 2244:. Tele Ciudadana. 9 October 2015. 2158:Ewen MacAskill (16 January 2017). 2134:(4 ed.). Wiley. p. 213. 1744:In colloquial English, the phrase 1417:Republic of China Military Academy 1254:Republic of China Military Academy 1091:Republic of China Military Academy 896:has used the goose step since the 814:as the troops were trained by the 334:ceremonies, the pace is done at a 141:Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau 14: 3792: 3693: 3420:. 7 February 1938. Archived from 2928:C. Michael Forsyth (2018-02-25). 2496:. Casa Real TV. 13 October 2015. 2476:. Casa Real TV. 20 October 2015. 2424:. Latina Noticias. 29 July 2016. 2106:. London: Routledge. p. 64. 1648:In popular culture and propaganda 1643:) continue to use it to this day. 1531:Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 1450:maintained a British march step. 1071:People's Liberation Army of China 922:. On February 3, 2016, President 704:does the goose step in slow time. 58:which is performed during formal 3512:from the original on 2021-12-14. 3406:from the original on 2021-12-14. 3268:from the original on 2021-12-14. 3228:from the original on 2021-12-14. 3208:from the original on 2021-12-14. 3021:Sun, Wenyu (December 20, 2017). 2917:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2883:. London: Simon & Schuster. 2868:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2864:. SBC Seychelles. 29 June 2015. 2798:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2778:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2758:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2624:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2604:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2584:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2560:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2540:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2520:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2500:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2480:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2428:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2408:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2388:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2384:. AP Archive. 30 November 1999. 2368:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2348:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2308:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2288:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2248:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2214:from the original on 2021-12-14. 2194:from the original on 2021-12-14. 1430:was trained and supplied by the 1098:the 1997 handover of sovereignty 708:Democratic Republic of the Congo 501:National Guards Unit of Bulgaria 75:(literally, "piercing step") or 3601: 3570: 3554:. Ballet Alert!. Archived from 3544: 3516: 3496: 3483: 3470: 3451: 3437: 3428: 3410: 3390: 3381: 3359: 3339: 3312:from the original on 2021-12-14 3298: 3288:from the original on 2021-12-14 3272: 3252: 3232: 3212: 3192: 3178: 3152: 3130: 3106: 3084: 3014: 2993: 2968: 2957:from the original on 2021-12-14 2943: 2921: 2901: 2872: 2852: 2831: 2802: 2782: 2762: 2742: 2724: 2706: 2686: 2666: 2648: 2628: 2608: 2588: 2564: 2544: 2524: 2504: 2484: 2464: 2432: 2412: 2404:. IP Paraguay. 16 August 2013. 2392: 2372: 2352: 2332: 2312: 2292: 2272: 2252: 2232: 2218: 2198: 2178: 2151: 2102:Hixson, Walter L., ed. (2003). 2095: 2060: 1335:the goose step (only Moldova's 1102:Hong Kong National Security Law 1006:honor guard company goosesteps. 910:Islamic Republic's armed forces 812:the end of the Rwandan Genocide 3700:Video of goose-stepping guards 3579:"World Wide Words: Goose-step" 2536:. Angola Press. 15 July 2015. 2073:. Hook, Adam. Oxford: Osprey. 2035: 1942: 1916: 1898: 1888:"World Wide Words: Goose-step" 1880: 1853: 1822: 1246:Republic of China Armed Forces 1083:Republic of China Armed Forces 966: 926:ordered that personnel of the 874:, thanks to advisers from the 383:: The Infantry Company of the 1: 3552:"Bolshoi in DC -- Nutcracker" 3241:Indonesian Marines march past 2620:. Iwacu Web TV. 2 July 2015. 1957:. Osprey Publishing. p. 1929:The Navy and Army Illustrated 1925:The Navy and Army Illustrated 1815: 1776:The older English meaning of 947:Hezbollah paramilitary forces 806:, and the rebels who won the 85:in the 19th century, and the 3766:Metaphors referring to birds 3264:. S2 Project. 10 July 2017. 3261:Indonesian Police march past 2454:Ministry of National Defence 2021:The Seventh Regiment Gazette 1829:MacDonald, J. H. A. (1901). 1453: 1409:Democratic Progressive Party 1298:After the Second World War, 1283: 920:republic of the Soviet Union 912:have continued the practice. 884:U.S.-backed Islamic Republic 862:Middle East and Central Asia 834:includes most of the former 505:Bastille Day Military Parade 385:Colegio Militar de la Nación 7: 3718:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier 3308:. YouTube. 19 August 2015. 2207:Gran Parada Militar 2016 HD 1831:"Infantry in a New Century" 1798: 1581:have adopted the high step. 1446:. As a result, the unified 1139:: The goose step, known as 872:royal period of the country 658:Angolan War of Independence 371: 243: 218:National Revolutionary Army 40:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier 21:Goose step (disambiguation) 10: 3797: 3781:18th-century introductions 3732:Goose step military parade 3614:. Frederick Warne & Co 3476:Petter-Bowyer, Peter J.H. 3418:"Foreign News: Roman Step" 1732:1999 television adaptation 1306:), due to their status as 1087:People's Republic of China 1075:People's Republic of China 325:Olympic opening ceremonies 238:People's Republic of China 107: 18: 2879:Kissinger, Henry (2012). 2460:, 1994, Szt. Gen. 1427/94 1863:Memoirs of Dr. Blenkinsop 1860:Blenkinsop, Adam (1852). 888:second Taliban government 623: 490: 275: 267: 112: 3771:Military of Nazi Germany 3674:German Knowledge article 3622:– via Wikisource. 3118:South China Morning Post 2809:Parker, Allison (2002). 1935:: 430. 6 February 1904. 1679:The Lion and the Unicorn 1352:regency of Miklós Horthy 1273:victory at Dien Bien Phu 1204:Communist Party of Burma 1059:National Revolution Army 1004:People's Liberation Army 783:German South West Africa 697:Central African Republic 294: 234:People's Liberation Army 209:Meanwhile, in Asia, the 3493:. Galago, 2000. p. 97. 2953:. YouTube. 2018-01-18. 2841:. Scmp.com. 7 July 2019 2130:Fulbrook, Mary (2014). 2067:Lai, Benjamin. (2012). 1790:, a children's book by 1440:Maoist guerilla tactics 1326:were absorbed into the 1042:: The Chinese term 正步 ( 179:Adoption outside Europe 121:German soldiers of the 65:The step originated in 3714:Changing of the Guards 3641:Norman Davies (1996). 3611:The Tale of Tom Kitten 1787:The Tale of Tom Kitten 1664: 1637:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1613:Yugoslav People's Army 1463: 1394:Malaysian Armed Forces 1132: 1019: 1007: 781:was formerly known as 512: 478:Suriname National Army 364: 317: 283: 135: 130: 129:goosestepping in 1931. 77: 71: 47: 3728:(YouTube, 360p, 2:00) 3672:of the corresponding 3649:. Oxford UP. p. 3027:People's Daily Online 2452:(in Polish), Warsaw: 1991:. Scribner. pp. 1985:Ruhl, Arthur (1916). 1689:Orwell commented in " 1655: 1461: 1374:Romanian Armed Forces 1123: 1114:Wagah border ceremony 1016:Vietnam People's Navy 1013: 1001: 900:, as the country was 713:Republic of the Congo 503:goosestepping in the 498: 354: 311: 120: 29: 3284:, 8 September 2018, 2932:. Forsythstories.com 1751:cultural differences 1691:England Your England 1337:military honor guard 1320:German reunification 1184:Myanmar Armed Forces 924:Nursultan Nazarbayev 314:1980 Summer Olympics 289:German Reunification 269:Nationale Volksarmee 3756:Military traditions 3532:. 10 September 2016 3045:"揭密：國軍「踢正步」是怎麼消失的？" 2644:. 24 November 2023. 2580:. 1 November 2013. 1697:Cultural references 1659:troops parading in 1619:as a result of the 1609:Royal Yugoslav Army 1575:Syrian Armed Forces 963:Syrian Armed Forces 928:Kazakh Armed Forces 876:Soviet Armed Forces 189:Franco-Prussian War 3683:- Mark Scheffler, 3188:. 14 January 2022. 3166:. 11 February 2018 3094:. 東方日報. 2013-05-07 3043:林弘展 (2016-02-24). 1910:www.etymonline.com 1665: 1663:on 5 October 1939. 1464: 1424:Rhodesian Bush War 1383:Swiss Armed Forces 1324:East German forces 1133: 1020: 1008: 836:German East Africa 804:German East Africa 685:German East Africa 513: 365: 318: 220:of the successive 204:War of the Pacific 131: 48: 34:goose-stepping at 3776:German inventions 3751:Military marching 3710:, 240p, 1:06 min) 3645:Europe: A History 3585:. Michael Quinion 3558:on April 15, 2012 3508:. British Pathé. 3347:"「軍式風格高裝檢」正在直播！" 2738:on March 9, 2016. 2080:978-1-78200-320-5 1805:Lockstep marching 1765:Aram Khachaturian 1621:Tito–Stalin split 1541:Japanese military 1444:British influence 1405:Chinese Civil War 1217:regiments in the 1096:Hong Kong: Since 1067:Chinese Civil War 1063:Republic of China 808:Rwandan Civil War 729:Equatorial Guinea 347:Adopted countries 230:Chinese Civil War 222:Republic of China 3788: 3664: 3648: 3628: 3627: 3621: 3619: 3605: 3599: 3598: 3592: 3590: 3583:World Wide Words 3574: 3568: 3567: 3565: 3563: 3548: 3542: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3500: 3494: 3487: 3481: 3474: 3468: 3467: 3455: 3449: 3448: 3441: 3435: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3414: 3408: 3407: 3394: 3388: 3385: 3379: 3378: 3377: 3376: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3343: 3337: 3327: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3317: 3302: 3296: 3295: 3294: 3293: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3256: 3250: 3249: 3236: 3230: 3229: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3196: 3190: 3189: 3182: 3176: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3156: 3150: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3134: 3128: 3127: 3125: 3124: 3110: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3088: 3082: 3081: 3068: 3057: 3056: 3054: 3052: 3040: 3031: 3030: 3018: 3012: 3011: 3009: 3008: 2997: 2991: 2990: 2988: 2987: 2972: 2966: 2965: 2963: 2962: 2947: 2941: 2940: 2938: 2937: 2925: 2919: 2918: 2905: 2899: 2898: 2881:Years of Renewal 2876: 2870: 2869: 2856: 2850: 2849: 2847: 2846: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2786: 2780: 2779: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2746: 2740: 2739: 2728: 2722: 2721: 2720:on July 1, 2014. 2710: 2704: 2703: 2690: 2684: 2683: 2670: 2664: 2663: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2612: 2606: 2605: 2592: 2586: 2585: 2568: 2562: 2561: 2548: 2542: 2541: 2528: 2522: 2521: 2508: 2502: 2501: 2488: 2482: 2481: 2468: 2462: 2461: 2451: 2436: 2430: 2429: 2416: 2410: 2409: 2396: 2390: 2389: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2356: 2350: 2349: 2336: 2330: 2329: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2296: 2290: 2289: 2276: 2270: 2269: 2256: 2250: 2249: 2236: 2230: 2229: 2222: 2216: 2215: 2202: 2196: 2195: 2182: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2170: 2155: 2149: 2148: 2127: 2121: 2120: 2099: 2093: 2092: 2064: 2058: 2057: 2039: 2033: 2032: 2012: 2001: 2000: 1982: 1973: 1972: 1956: 1946: 1940: 1939: 1920: 1914: 1913: 1902: 1896: 1895: 1892:World Wide Words 1884: 1878: 1877: 1857: 1851: 1850: 1848: 1846: 1826: 1579:Syrian Civil War 1492:Naval Prefecture 1359:Benito Mussolini 1057:revolution, the 361:Santiago de Cuba 321:Guards of honour 300:Ceremonial usage 286: 280: 279: 272: 271: 138: 80: 74: 60:military parades 3796: 3795: 3791: 3790: 3789: 3787: 3786: 3785: 3741: 3740: 3735:Indonesian Army 3704:Lenin Mausoleum 3696: 3681:Marching Orders 3661: 3637: 3635:Further reading 3632: 3631: 3617: 3615: 3606: 3602: 3588: 3586: 3575: 3571: 3561: 3559: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3535: 3533: 3522: 3521: 3517: 3502: 3501: 3497: 3488: 3484: 3475: 3471: 3456: 3452: 3443: 3442: 3438: 3433: 3429: 3416: 3415: 3411: 3396: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3374: 3372: 3365: 3364: 3360: 3355:. 15 June 2023. 3345: 3344: 3340: 3328: 3324: 3315: 3313: 3304: 3303: 3299: 3291: 3289: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3258: 3257: 3253: 3238: 3237: 3233: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3198: 3197: 3193: 3184: 3183: 3179: 3169: 3167: 3164:Financial Times 3158: 3157: 3153: 3143: 3141: 3136: 3135: 3131: 3122: 3120: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3097: 3095: 3090: 3089: 3085: 3070: 3069: 3060: 3050: 3048: 3041: 3034: 3019: 3015: 3006: 3004: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2985: 2983: 2974: 2973: 2969: 2960: 2958: 2949: 2948: 2944: 2935: 2933: 2926: 2922: 2907: 2906: 2902: 2891: 2877: 2873: 2858: 2857: 2853: 2844: 2842: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2821: 2807: 2803: 2788: 2787: 2783: 2768: 2767: 2763: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2712: 2711: 2707: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2675:Desfile Militar 2672: 2671: 2667: 2654: 2653: 2649: 2634: 2633: 2629: 2614: 2613: 2609: 2594: 2593: 2589: 2570: 2569: 2565: 2550: 2549: 2545: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2510: 2509: 2505: 2490: 2489: 2485: 2470: 2469: 2465: 2449: 2438: 2437: 2433: 2418: 2417: 2413: 2398: 2397: 2393: 2378: 2377: 2373: 2358: 2357: 2353: 2338: 2337: 2333: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2298: 2297: 2293: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2238: 2237: 2233: 2224: 2223: 2219: 2204: 2203: 2199: 2184: 2183: 2179: 2168: 2166: 2156: 2152: 2142: 2128: 2124: 2114: 2100: 2096: 2081: 2065: 2061: 2054: 2040: 2036: 2013: 2004: 1983: 1976: 1969: 1947: 1943: 1922: 1921: 1917: 1904: 1903: 1899: 1886: 1885: 1881: 1874: 1858: 1854: 1844: 1842: 1827: 1823: 1818: 1801: 1699: 1674:George Orwell's 1650: 1639:(exception for 1629:North Macedonia 1517:Interwar Period 1456: 1448:Zimbabwean Army 1316:Exerzierschritt 1286: 1248:in 2003, under 1125:Indonesian Army 996: 864: 634:German colonies 626: 493: 374: 349: 302: 297: 246: 181: 123:Weimar Republic 115: 110: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3794: 3784: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3739: 3738: 3729: 3711: 3695: 3694:External links 3692: 3691: 3690: 3678: 3670:May 25 version 3665: 3659: 3636: 3633: 3630: 3629: 3600: 3569: 3543: 3515: 3495: 3482: 3469: 3450: 3436: 3427: 3409: 3402:. AP Archive. 3389: 3380: 3371:, 15 June 2023 3358: 3338: 3322: 3297: 3271: 3251: 3248:on 2020-09-19. 3231: 3211: 3191: 3177: 3151: 3129: 3105: 3092:"海關結業會操改用鵝步娛賓" 3083: 3058: 3032: 3013: 2992: 2967: 2942: 2920: 2913:. 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