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during their captivity. Maria
Eriksdotter was released in 1736, after having become pregnant with a member of the sect and allowed to marry him, and Forsman returned to her own spouse after this. In 1738, Anna Gustafsdotter, a leading member of the sect, became the last to submit to the church, and was thereby freed.
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In prison, the women refused to work, attend religious services, convert back to the church or eat. They caused great concern with their statement that God had not given them permission to work. They were imprisoned in cells deprived of light and heating. One of the "Sisters", Klara
Tomasdotter, died
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of property. They also renounced work, and everything which could distract them from a spiritual life and what they felt that they had been ordered to do by divinity. Many also chose to live in celibacy. They regarded luxury consumption and wealth, growing in
Stockholm because of the flourishing
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The sect started to attract attention from the
Stockholm authorities in 1731. Many members by that time started to practice charitable work among the poor as a way of their spiritual life. As they had renounced all worldly possessions, they also adopted the most simple dress possible, and were
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Anna Maria van den
Aveelen denied having participated in a sect and claimed that the gatherings had been common prayer gatherings by the people and guests of her household, and was left with a fine and lectures on how to avoid breaking the laws of the church, as were Lexelius and his wife.
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in order to protect the power of the church. In July 1731, the sect was reported to the authorities by the vicar of the Maria congregation in
Stockholm. At the following arrest, nine women and a man by the name Lexelius were arrested: the rest had fled to avoid arrest.
126:, Stockholm. Anna Gustafsdotter stated that she would never worship the clergy nor submit to anyone except God. They were all imprisoned and sentenced to receive religious instruction. Swedish historian
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was approaching. Because of this, it was essential to prepare oneself for eternity and make amends for one's sins. The members therefore renounced their possessions and practiced a policy of
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The congregation of the GrÄkoltarna consisted of both sexes; however, females had a dominating and leading place. Among the members were members of the noble families
Grundelstierna and
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therefore referred to as GrÄkoltarna, 'the Grey Shirts'. Many of them had adopted this dress after having sold their old clothes and handing out the money among the poor.
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The leading members of the cult were however imprisoned. Among them were Anna
Gustafsdotter, Maria Eriksdotter and Elisabet Forsman, who were all placed in
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Alice
Lyttkens: Kvinnan börjar vakna. Den svenska kvinnans historia frÄn 1700 till 1840-talet. Bonniers Stockholm 1976
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Nathan
Odenvik, "GrĂ„koltarna â en bild frĂ„n den pietistiska vĂ€ckelsen i Sverige under 1700-talet". Stockholm, 1936.
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Artikeln Ă€r Ă„tergiven med tillstĂ„nd frĂ„n âGrĂ„koltarnaâ. Pietisterna. Arkiverad frĂ„n originalet den 30 mars 2008.
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studies. The Bible meetings became popular, and attracted more and more people, among them the radical pietist
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in Stockholm of the 1730s" who were "impoverished, destitute Swedes appearing in penitential grey coats".
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22:(approximately "Greyfrocks", "The Grey Shirts" or "Grey Robes") was a religious mystic-apocalyptic
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GrÄkoltarna believed in the interpretations of dreams and visions, and their message was that the
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The sect also attracted positive attention and followers outside of Stockholm.
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described them as "an apocalyptic-kiliastic pietist movement, the so-called
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The sect was formed in the residence of Anna Maria van den Aveelen in
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from the Netherlands. She gathered women to meetings of prayer and
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Beyond the Forestline: The Life and Letters of Bengt Sundkler
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177:. Gracewing Publishing, 2002. p. 48.
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171:Swantz, Marja-Liisa (2002).
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48:Johannes van den Aveelen
34:in Sweden in the 1730s.
391:Christianity portal
427:18th century in Sweden
270:August Hermann Francke
422:History of Stockholm
285:Johann Konrad Dippel
124:LĂ„ngholmens spinnhus
79:collective ownership
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132:GrÄkoltarna
102:Persecution
20:GrÄkoltarna
406:Categories
371:Skevikarna
361:Grey Robes
310:Sven Rosén
190:29 October
159:References
75:apocalypse
56:Sven Rosén
44:Södermalm
32:Stockholm
142:See also
93:Activity
69:Ideology
253:Germany
246:Pietism
26:within
366:LĂ€sare
344:Groups
303:Sweden
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38:Origin
52:Bible
192:2014
179:ISBN
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