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At first the citizens of Khanfu held out against him, but he subjected them to a long siege-this was in (877–878) until, at last, he took the city and put its people to the sword. Experts on
Chinese affairs reported that the number of Muslims, Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians massacred by him,
149:
came to an end when the Tang rebel, Huang Chao, occupied Khanfu from 878 to 879. In addition, he mentioned the "al-Qazzu" (a mulberry tree) were ruined by Huang Chao's army. The
English translation of Abu Zayd's geography book from the original Arabic text by Tim Macintosh Smith shows that the
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quite apart from the native
Chinese, was 120,000; all of them had gone to settle in this city and become merchants there. The only reason the number of victims from these four communities happens to be known is that the Chinese had kept records of their numbers.
150:
location of the city of Khanfu, such as "the city lies a few days journey from the sea, on a great river where the water flows fresh ... the city is covered with mulberry trees as fodder for silkworms" is quite different from that of Khanfu (Guangzhou).
299:, in a text written in the mid tenth century, put the figure at 200,000. Both numbers are inflated, but they nonetheless indicate that the rebels attributed some of China's problems to the exploitation of foreigners, particularly merchants.
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An Arab account written by Abu Zaid of Siraf within a couple of decades of Huang's rebellion estimated that Huang's forces massacred 120,000 Muslims, Jews, and other foreigners. Arab historian
222:
134:
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writing in the 10th century, estimated that 120,000 or 200,000 foreigners were killed respectively, but according to Morris
Rossabi, the numbers were inflated.
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Not content to massacre traders, Huang Chao also tried to kill China's main export industry by destroying the mulberry trees of south China.
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85:, Christians, and Zoroastrians, numbered in tens of thousands based on Chinese records of prior inhabitants. Two travellers from the
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121:. When Wang died in 878, he was succeeded by Huang Chao, a failed examination candidate from a wealthy salt trading family.
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256:. Translated by Foster, J. R.; Hartman, Charles (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 292.
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In 878 AD after Huang Chao's forces pushed into southern China, they arrived at the gates of Khanfu (
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From Yuan to Modern China and
Mongolia: The Writings of Morris Rossabi
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81:. Arab sources indicate that foreign victims, including Muslims,
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was a massacre of the inhabitants of the prosperous port city of
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89:, Abu Zaid al Hassan from Siraf writing decades afterwards, and
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led to widespread banditry. In 874, the bandits rebelled under
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82:
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249:
418:, United States of America: The Scarecrow Press,
368:(Illustrated ed.). Grove Press. p. 86.
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365:A Splendid Exchange: How Trade Shaped the World
113:, Henan and ravaged the region between the
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101:In the early 870s, drought and famine in
16:9th century massacre in the Tang dynasty
416:Historical Dictionary of Medieval China
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459:Battles involving the Tang dynasty
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252:A History of Chinese Civilization
409:, Harvard University Asia Center
283:. Wiley Blackwell. p. 198.
133:). According to the Arab writer
77:in 878–879 by the rebel army of
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135:Abu Zayd Hasan Ibn Yazid Sirafi
400:, Library of Arabic Literature
396:Mackintosh-Smith, Tim (2014),
362:Bernstein, William J. (2009).
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270:
241:
214:
1:
464:Military history of Guangzhou
414:Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009),
335:Rossabi, Morris, ed. (2014).
227:. M. E. Sharpe. p. 117.
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505:
405:Tackett, Nicholas (2014),
177:List of massacres in China
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48:
40:
26:
21:
474:Violence against Muslims
341:. Brill. pp. 227–.
277:Rossabi, Morris (2013).
248:Gernet, Jacques (1996).
398:Two Arabic Travel Books
224:China: A Macro History
163:
454:9th-century massacres
209:Mackintosh-Smith 2014
152:
489:Massacres of Muslims
449:9th century in China
221:Huang, Ray (1997).
469:Massacres in China
280:A History of China
160:Abu Zayd al-Sirafi
137:, the presence of
71:Guangzhou massacre
22:Guangzhou massacre
425:978-0-8108-6053-7
348:978-90-04-28529-3
172:Yangzhou massacre
87:Abbasid Caliphate
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52:Tens of thousands
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119:Yellow River
107:Wang Xianzhi
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57:Perpetrators
438:Categories
311:Xiong 2009
297:al-Mas'udi
193:References
187:Xenophobia
147:Christians
115:Changjiang
97:Background
79:Huang Chao
61:Huang Chao
131:Guangzhou
111:Changyuan
91:al-Masudi
75:Guangzhou
31:Guangzhou
166:See also
158:—
125:Massacre
27:Location
139:Muslims
44:878–879
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260:
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145:, and
49:Deaths
103:Henan
35:China
420:ISBN
370:ISBN
343:ISBN
285:ISBN
258:ISBN
229:ISBN
143:Jews
117:and
83:Jews
69:The
41:Date
484:879
479:878
109:in
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201:^
141:,
33:,
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