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The average annual temperature is around 13 °C (55 °F), and the annual rainfall ranges from 400 to 900 mm (16 to 35 in), averaging around 600 mm. Because some years have low precipitation and evaporation rates are high, the region's natural vegetation is a mix between
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reforms, and militarily became increasingly more successful, and its rivals to the east claimed that the Qin army was a "troop of tigers and wolves", and it was often said that "Guanzhong produces generals; Guandong produces ministers". After constructing
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then spent the next few centuries fighting off various nomads to its north and west and eventually consolidated its base in the
Guanzhong Plain and the
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China during the warring states period. Guanzhong (Qin) is the southeast corner of the rectangle formed by the Yellow and Wei rivers.
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Lander, Brian (2020). "Birds and Beasts Were Many: the
Ecology and Climate of The Guanzhong Basin in the Pre-Imperial Period".
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in the last years of the Tang, Guanzhong became less significant politically as well as economically in later dynasties.
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Since the
Western Zhou dynasty, the area was the capital region of China for a total of 12 dynasties including the Qin,
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and harming the locals. However, he was forced to hand control over to another more powerful rebel leader
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Basin Belt, and is separated from its geological sibling — the
Yuncheng Basin to its northeast — by the
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in the south (known as
Guanzhong's "South Mountains"), and the Huanglong Mountain, Meridian Ridge and
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Historically the most important fortress of the above passes was the Hangu Pass, which commanded the
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and reconquered the
Guanzhong region, and used it as his base to eventually defeat Xiang Yu in the
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nomads. It is from
Guanzhong region that the Zhou state prospered and eventually conquered the
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to defeat numerous anti-Qin alliances formed by its eastern enemy states during the
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basin and
Guanzhong became increasingly dependent on supplies transported via the
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and what was then the only traversable passage into the
Guanzhong region from the
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historically defending the region. The region was the traditional heartland of
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ranges in the north (collectively known as its "North
Mountains"). The central
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on the western frontier of the Chinese civilization, sent troops to escort
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The four major historic fortifications that enclose Guanzhong region are:
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This article is about the geographic region. For the Qi chancellor, see
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The Guanzhong Plain traditionally includes the central part of modern
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599:. The formidable resilience of the Hangu Pass was what enabled the
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of the region ranges from 300 to 700 m (980 to 2,300 ft)
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and north of the river's bend at the tri-provincial junction among
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989:冀朝鼎著，朱詩鰲譯《中國歷史上的基本經濟區與水利事業的發展》(北京: 中國社會科學出版社, 1981) pp. 75-76.
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successfully invaded Guanzhong and forced the last Qin ruler,
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dynasty collapsed and the surviving Zhou court fled east to
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434:. Afterwards, subsequent prominent dynasties such as the
422:("east of the pass") region by the Qin people, who later
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separate the region from the (then) politically orthodox
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161:(Roads to Shu), Guanzhong is the valley at the top right
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means "within the passes", referring to the four major
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along the journey. In gratitude, King Ping granted a
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67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
591:on a narrow land corridor along the south bank of
322:(关中平原; pinyin: Guānzhōng Píngyuán), is made up of
652:The Guanzhong region became the heartland of the
3325:
557:(潼關) further to the east, built during the late
2506:Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows
418:and therefore was historically referred as the
424:conquered the eastern states and unified China
2501:Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests
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550:Two more passes were later added, namely:
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414:, which is located east of the strategic
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
643:
901:, Liu Bang created a new capital named
853:, and various rebellions broke out. In
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970:
532:(蕭關) to the northwest, in present day
522:(武關) to the southeast, in present day
1306:
1139:Northwestern Polytechnical University
999:
575:(金鎖關) to the north, built during the
450:established in the Guanzhong region.
2869:Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert
1285:
798:from the ruined old Zhou capital of
632:, it was home to a diverse range of
462:and the extreme northwestern tip of
442:(both considered China's historical
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
2144:Northern Triangle temperate forests
1332:
672:) to evade the violent raidings by
24:
1231:Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor
1124:Fourth Military Medical University
1025:
542:(大散關) to the west, in present day
512:(函谷關) to the east, in present day
25:
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1284:
1273:
1272:
699:nomads, with collaboration from
664:relocated his people south from
430:— for the first time during the
318:area of the basin, known as the
295:corresponding to the crescentic
41:
52:needs additional citations for
1669:Mongolian–Manchurian grassland
1472:Mongolian–Manchurian grassland
983:
964:
790:, Shaanxi), and eventually to
426:as a centralized empire — the
388:and thus often nicknamed the "
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225:
187:
173:
13:
1:
2496:Meghalaya subtropical forests
1250:Forest of Stone Steles Museum
957:
885:, collectively known as the "
1129:Northwest A&F University
707:and sacked the Zhou capital
453:
338:. The region is part of the
275:) region, also known as the
7:
2681:Andaman and Nicobar Islands
935:
928:. After the destruction of
406:and the eastern end of the
302:within present-day central
10:
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809:, Qin grew powerful under
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610:
29:
27:Historical region of China
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2279:
2111:
1926:
1557:
1344:
1268:
1203:
1162:
1149:Xi'an Jiaotong University
1144:Shaanxi Normal University
1109:
1076:
1048:
1034:
897:. After establishing the
628:converted the plains for
350:section southwest of the
334:and thus also called the
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211:
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150:
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2795:Greater and Lesser Tunbs
1992:Okhotsk–Manchurian taiga
828:eventually unified China
168:Traditional Chinese
1216:Banpo Neolithic village
283:, or uncommonly as the
182:Simplified Chinese
3052:Anti-Lebanon Mountains
2491:Western Coastal Plains
2479:Eastern Coastal Plains
2205:Philippine Archipelago
2184:Indonesian Archipelago
1832:Central Mountain Range
1755:Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau
1585:Northeastern Japan Arc
1255:Shaanxi History Museum
649:
306:, bounded between the
2930:Eastern Mediterranean
2644:Trans-Karakoram Tract
2170:Greater Sunda Islands
1659:Northeast China Plain
1537:Trans-Karakoram Tract
1369:Greater Middle East
807:Warring States period
794:northeast across the
770:) to Yong (in modern
647:
605:Warring States period
466:(the western half of
3334:Geography of Shaanxi
2526:Little Rann of Kutch
2175:Lesser Sunda Islands
1627:Greater Central Asia
1580:Japanese Archipelago
1134:Northwest University
895:subsequent civil war
830:and established the
750:to the Yíng leader,
61:improve this article
2732:(not to be confused
2521:Great Rann of Kutch
2474:Indo-Gangetic Plain
2469:Indus Valley Desert
2338:Indian subcontinent
2160:Peninsular Malaysia
2007:Kamchatka Peninsula
1590:Sakhalin Island Arc
1245:Drum Tower of Xi'an
1204:Visitor attractions
1119:Chang'an University
857:, the rebel leader
559:Eastern Han dynasty
3158:Absheron Peninsula
3116:Caucasus Mountains
3106:Armenian Highlands
3084:Iranian Azerbaijan
2970:Jordan Rift Valley
2583:High-mountain Asia
2139:Mainland/Indochina
1827:Hamgyong Mountains
1745:Northern Silk Road
1723:Hengduan Mountains
1693:High-mountain Asia
1688:Liaodong Peninsula
1260:Qianling Mausoleum
1170:Biángbiáng noodles
820:irrigation systems
748:mid-level nobility
650:
3319:
3318:
2898:Lower Mesopotamia
2893:Upper Mesopotamia
2827:Arabian Peninsula
2763:Mediterranean Sea
2664:Laccadive Islands
2593:Saltoro Mountains
2464:Indus River Delta
2155:Malay Archipelago
2002:Chukchi Peninsula
1874:Pearl River Delta
1847:Leizhou Peninsula
1735:Qinling Mountains
1676:North China Plain
1617:Mongolian Plateau
1607:Taklamakan Desert
1527:Taklamakan Desert
1517:Mongolian Plateau
1364:Roof of the World
1300:
1299:
1154:Xidian University
784:Yanliang District
744:King Ping of Zhou
688:to establish the
626:human settlements
597:North China Plain
579:, in present day
565:, in present day
544:Chencang District
404:Lüliang Mountains
352:Lüliang Mountains
330:and its numerous
308:Qinling Mountains
289:historical region
285:Shaanzhong region
254:
253:
246:
245:
213:Standard Mandarin
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
3351:
3344:Regions of China
3177:Taurus Mountains
3148:Lankaran Lowland
3143:Kur-Araz Lowland
3121:Greater Caucasus
3079:Fertile Crescent
2960:Palestine region
2883:Tigris–Euphrates
2802:Al-Faw Peninsula
2790:Strait of Hormuz
2768:Zagros Mountains
2739:
2617:Gulf of Khambhat
2566:Gilgit-Baltistan
2546:False Divi Point
2536:Coromandel Coast
2447:Pir Panjal Range
2292:
2232:Gulf of Thailand
2122:
1987:Russian Far East
1937:
1842:Suzuka Mountains
1718:Qilian Mountains
1713:Kunlun Mountains
1568:
1418:Greater Khorasan
1357:
1327:
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772:Fengxiang County
705:King You of Zhou
701:Marquess of Shen
670:Binzhou, Shaanxi
460:Shaanxi province
326:along the lower
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3339:Plains of China
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3315:
3126:Lesser Caucasus
3094:Iranian Plateau
3069:Sinai Peninsula
2733:
2731:
2730:
2722:
2718:Tibetan Plateau
2691:Nicobar Islands
2686:Andaman Islands
2649:Wakhan Corridor
2600:Siachen Glacier
2370:Carnatic region
2288:
2284:
2283:
2275:
2116:
2115:
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2098:Outer Manchuria
1931:
1930:
1922:
1889:Wakhan Corridor
1884:Altai Mountains
1703:Tibetan Plateau
1664:Outer Manchuria
1654:Northeast China
1612:Greater Khingan
1562:
1561:
1553:
1549:Tibetan Plateau
1544:Siachen Glacier
1522:Western Regions
1502:Wakhan Corridor
1487:Pamir Mountains
1482:Altai Mountains
1477:Iranian Plateau
1460:Eurasian Steppe
1349:
1348:
1340:
1331:
1301:
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1235:Terracotta Army
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764:Qingshui County
727:, then a minor
642:
613:
581:Yintai District
567:Tongguan County
561:by the warlord
534:Jingyuan County
484:Northwest China
476:above sea level
470:). The average
456:
446:) also had the
336:Wei River Plain
324:alluvial plains
320:Guanzhong Plain
281:Wei River Basin
277:Guanzhong Basin
198:Inside the Pass
195:Literal meaning
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133:
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70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Guanzhong Plain
15:
12:
11:
5:
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3292:Biga Peninsula
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3133:South Caucasus
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3129:
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3074:Arabian Desert
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2913:Akkad (region)
2910:
2908:Nineveh Plains
2905:
2900:
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2874:
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2854:Eastern Arabia
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2751:Hanish Islands
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2705:
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2636:
2634:Gulf of Mannar
2631:
2630:
2629:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2602:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2531:Deccan Plateau
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2442:Kashmir Valley
2434:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2306:
2295:
2293:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2202:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2162:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2136:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1994:
1989:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1971:Ural Mountains
1963:
1958:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1940:
1938:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1854:
1852:Gulf of Tonkin
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1817:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1690:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1646:
1641:
1639:Outer Mongolia
1636:
1634:Inner Mongolia
1631:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1394:Sea of Galilee
1391:
1386:
1381:
1379:Aralkum Desert
1371:
1366:
1360:
1358:
1342:
1341:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1294:
1282:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1238:
1228:
1223:
1221:Zhao Mausoleum
1218:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1185:Qinqiang opera
1182:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1082:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1054:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1000:
992:
991:
982:
962:
961:
959:
956:
955:
954:
949:
944:
937:
934:
824:Zhengguo Canal
641:
638:
612:
609:
585:
584:
570:
548:
547:
537:
527:
524:Danfeng County
517:
464:Henan province
455:
452:
432:3rd century BC
252:
251:
248:
247:
244:
243:
236:
230:
229:
222:
216:
215:
209:
208:
207:Transcriptions
200:
199:
196:
192:
191:
184:
178:
177:
170:
164:
163:
156:
148:
147:
144:
143:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3356:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3322:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3170:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3100:
3099:Dasht-e Kavir
3097:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3064:Levantine Sea
3062:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3030:Aram-Naharaim
3028:
3027:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3005:Syrian Desert
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2980:Golan Heights
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2812:Gulf of Aqaba
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2729:
2725:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Tropical Asia
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2676:Paropamisadae
2674:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2622:Gulf of Kutch
2620:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2610:Bay of Bengal
2608:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2576:Shigar Valley
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2385:Eastern Ghats
2383:
2381:
2380:Western Ghats
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2348:Kangchenjunga
2346:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2333:Greater India
2331:
2329:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2271:Tropical Asia
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2165:Sunda Islands
2163:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2088:Bering Strait
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2073:Yenisey Basin
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2046:Khatanga Gulf
2044:
2042:
2041:Baraba steppe
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2016:Extreme North
2014:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1949:Arctic Circle
1947:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1918:Tropical Asia
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1879:Yenisey Basin
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1863:
1862:Yangtze Delta
1860:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:Japanese Alps
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1815:Loess Plateau
1813:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1750:Hexi Corridor
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1740:Sichuan Basin
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1681:Yan Mountains
1679:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1465:Kazakh Steppe
1463:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1448:Kazakh Steppe
1446:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1323:
1321:
1316:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1293:
1292:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1001:
998:
986:
978:
974:
967:
963:
953:
950:
948:
947:Guanzhong Hua
945:
943:
940:
939:
933:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
906:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
843:First Emperor
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
816:
812:
808:
803:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
760:Loess Plateau
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
734:based in the
733:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
693:
691:
687:
686:Shang dynasty
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
646:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
582:
578:
574:
571:
568:
564:
560:
556:
553:
552:
551:
545:
541:
538:
535:
531:
528:
525:
521:
518:
515:
511:
508:
507:
506:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
412:Central Plain
409:
405:
401:
397:
395:
394:
387:
383:
379:
376:
375:mountain pass
372:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:Long Mountain
309:
305:
301:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
262:
258:
249:
237:
235:
231:
223:
221:
217:
214:
210:
205:
201:
197:
193:
185:
183:
179:
171:
169:
165:
160:
154:
149:
145:
140:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3321:
3057:Bekaa valley
2954:Syria region
2859:South Arabia
2817:Gulf of Aden
2807:Gulf of Oman
2785:Pirate Coast
2780:Persian Gulf
2708:Asia–Pacific
2654:Wakhjir Pass
2459:Indus Valley
2405:Pashtunistan
2395:Ganges Delta
2390:Ganges Basin
2314:Northwestern
2289:Subcontinent
2266:Asia–Pacific
2261:Ring of Fire
2256:Pacific Asia
2103:Asia–Pacific
2093:Ring of Fire
2078:Sikhote-Alin
2068:Yenisey Gulf
1982:Pacific Asia
1913:Asia–Pacific
1908:Ring of Fire
1903:Pacific Asia
1894:Wakhjir Pass
1869:Yellow River
1779:
1644:China proper
1507:Wakhjir Pass
1443:Kazakhstania
1351:
1289:
1277:
1211:Daqin Pagoda
1090:
985:
976:
972:
966:
907:
840:
804:
740:buffer state
736:Longxi Basin
717:Western Zhou
694:
692:in 1046 BC.
690:Zhou dynasty
668:(modern day
662:Gugong Danfu
651:
614:
593:Yellow River
586:
577:Tang dynasty
549:
514:Lingbao City
504:
457:
419:
400:Yellow River
391:
389:
386:Zhou dynasty
370:
368:
348:Yellow River
335:
319:
284:
280:
276:
272:
256:
255:
220:Hanyu Pinyin
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
3311:Alpide belt
3187:Paphlagonia
2985:Hula Valley
2965:Transjordan
2888:Mesopotamia
2822:Balochistan
2758:Caspian Sea
2736:Middle East
2703:Alpide belt
2659:Lakshadweep
2639:Palk Strait
2516:Bagar tract
2454:Thar Desert
2415:Balochistan
2247:Alpide belt
2237:East Indies
2119:East Indies
2051:Transbaikal
2035:Lake Baikal
1730:Tarim Basin
1602:Gobi Desert
1512:Mount Imeon
1453:Betpak-Dala
1406:Transoxiana
1384:Caspian Sea
973:Early China
926:Grand Canal
910:Western Han
899:Han dynasty
832:Qin dynasty
805:During the
782:(in modern
778:), then to
752:Count Xiang
630:agriculture
573:Jinsuo Pass
444:golden ages
428:Qin dynasty
396:of Qin land
332:tributaries
267:, formerly
117:August 2020
76:"Guanzhong"
3328:Categories
3217:Cappadocia
2864:Hadhramaut
2561:Aksai Chin
2551:Hindi Belt
2432:Marathwada
2360:Hindu Kush
2353:Nanda Devi
2299:Subregions
2227:Leyte Gulf
2063:Amur Basin
1956:Inner Asia
1810:Ordos Loop
1765:Liangguang
1622:Inner Asia
1497:Badakhshan
1353:The 'stans
1241:Bell Tower
1195:Xintianyou
1190:Three Qins
979:: 207-245.
958:References
942:Three Qins
887:Three Qins
847:Qin Er Shi
811:Shang Yang
695:After the
589:chokepoint
540:Dasan Pass
510:Hangu Pass
416:Hangu Pass
378:fortresses
240:Kuan-chung
234:Wade–Giles
87:newspapers
32:Guan Zhong
3042:Phoenicia
2975:Philistia
2945:Kurdistan
2940:Eber-Nari
2918:Babylonia
2878:Al-Sharat
2837:Al-Yamama
2669:Aminidivi
2588:Karakoram
2571:Baltistan
2375:Tamilakam
2343:Himalayas
2188:Nusantara
2134:Sundaland
2113:Southeast
1961:Northeast
1800:Zhongyuan
1780:Guanzhong
1775:Jianghuai
1708:Karakoram
1698:Himalayas
1649:Manchuria
1565:Northeast
1532:Karakoram
1492:Tian Shan
1428:Arachosia
1226:Mount Hua
1111:Education
1091:Guanzhong
1078:Geography
952:Wei River
875:Zhang Han
796:Wei River
756:Qin state
725:Yíng clan
703:, killed
624:. Before
601:Qin state
555:Tong Pass
530:Xiao Pass
496:Tongchuan
468:Sanmenxia
454:Geography
448:crownland
382:Qin state
371:Guanzhong
369:The name
328:Wei River
273:Kwanchung
269:romanised
257:Guanzhong
226:Guānzhōng
142:Guanzhong
3242:Lycaonia
3227:Corduene
3207:Bithynia
3192:Phasiane
3172:Anatolia
3111:Caucasus
2698:Maldives
2420:Gedrosia
2321:Southern
2309:Northern
2252:Far East
2215:Mindanao
2193:Wallacea
2151:Maritime
2031:Baikalia
1997:Beringia
1978:Far East
1899:Far East
1820:Shaanbei
1805:Shaannan
1795:Jiaozhou
1770:Jiangnan
1433:Khwarazm
1389:Dead Sea
1374:Aral Sea
1279:Category
1101:Shaannan
1096:Shaanbei
1063:Politics
936:See also
930:Chang'an
903:Chang'an
879:Sima Xin
871:Xiang Yu
859:Liu Bang
851:Zhao Gao
822:such as
815:legalist
792:Xianyang
697:Quanrong
634:wildlife
492:Xianyang
472:altitude
420:Guandong
316:flatland
3287:Sophene
3262:Pisidia
3257:Galatia
3232:Chaldia
3212:Cilicia
3197:Isauria
3138:Shirvan
3047:Retjenu
3015:Samaria
2990:Galilee
2935:Mashriq
2849:Tihamah
2746:Red Sea
2484:Kalinga
2437:Kashmir
2365:Bactria
2304:Eastern
2242:Nanyang
2220:Visayas
2026:Siberia
2021:Tartary
1934:Siberia
1857:Yangtze
1785:Huizhou
1760:Lingnan
1401:Tartary
1346:Central
1334:Regions
1291:Commons
1175:Cuisine
1163:Culture
1068:Economy
1058:History
1050:General
1041:capital
1027:Shaanxi
922:Yangtze
891:Han Xin
883:Dong Yi
867:looting
800:Fenghao
780:Yueyang
776:Shaanxi
729:marcher
709:Haojing
678:Xianyun
660:leader
658:Jī clan
640:History
622:steppes
618:forests
611:Climate
563:Cao Cao
520:Wu Pass
408:Qinling
398:". The
384:during
356:Shaanxi
304:Shaanxi
287:, is a
261:Chinese
157:Map of
101:scholar
3304:Tuwana
3282:Speri
3277:Arzawa
3267:Pontus
3182:Aeolis
3163:Kartli
3153:Alborz
3089:Hauran
3020:Arabah
3000:Gilead
2995:Canaan
2950:Levant
2605:Bengal
2556:Ladakh
2541:Konkan
2425:Makran
2410:Punjab
2400:Guzgan
2328:Orient
2287:Indian
2129:Orient
2083:Kolyma
1944:Arctic
1575:Orient
1438:Sistan
1423:Ariana
1237:Museum
1086:Cities
1029:topics
916:, and
863:Ziying
855:206 BC
841:After
836:221 BC
732:vassal
723:. The
715:, the
713:771 BC
656:after
569:, and;
536:, and;
500:Weinan
360:Shanxi
297:graben
263::
159:Shudao
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
3297:Troad
3272:Mysia
3252:Lydia
3247:Lycia
3237:Doris
3222:Caria
3202:Ionia
3037:Negev
3010:Judea
2925:Suhum
2903:Sawad
2844:Hejaz
2734:with
2627:Halar
2281:South
2210:Luzon
2200:Timor
1928:North
1597:Korea
1411:Turan
1180:Music
1037:Xi'an
788:Xi'an
768:Gansu
738:as a
721:Luoyi
674:Xunyu
488:Baoji
480:Xi'an
364:Henan
344:Shaan
300:basin
293:China
108:JSTOR
94:books
3025:Aram
2832:Najd
2773:Elam
2728:West
2511:Doab
2056:West
1966:Ural
1559:East
1338:Asia
1243:and
1233:and
918:Tang
881:and
849:and
680:and
654:Zhou
620:and
498:and
440:Tang
438:and
390:800
362:and
80:news
1336:of
914:Sui
834:in
813:'s
786:of
711:in
666:Bin
436:Han
340:Jin
291:of
271:as
63:by
3330::
2956:)
1790:Wu
977:43
975:.
912:,
877:,
838:.
774:,
766:,
682:Di
676:,
636:.
607:.
502:.
494:,
490:,
478:.
402:,
393:li
366:.
358:,
279:,
265:关中
188:关中
174:關中
2952:(
2738:)
2291:)
2285:(
2254:/
2186:/
2153:/
2121:)
2117:(
2037:)
2033:(
1980:/
1936:)
1932:(
1901:/
1567:)
1563:(
1356:)
1350:(
1326:e
1319:t
1312:v
1043:)
1039:(
1019:e
1012:t
1005:v
583:.
546:.
526:;
516:;
342:-
259:(
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
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