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In species lacking morphological castes (i.e., where "workers" may not be sterile), the term "gyne" is usually reserved for those females whose entire life is spent as a reproductive or potential reproductive, as opposed to those who start life as a worker and subsequently attain reproductive status
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Benthem, F. D. J. van; Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L.; Velthuis, H. H. W. (1995-03-01). "Biology of the stingless beePlebeia remota (Holmberg): observations and evolutionary implications".
98:, whereas female workers are typically barren and cannot become queens. Having a queen is what makes a "queenright" hive, nest, or colony of
438:"Colony cycle in the south-eastern coastal populations of Ropalidia plebeiana, the only Ropalidia wasp occurring in temperate Australia"
394:"Meiotic recombination dramatically decreased in thelytokous queens of the little fire ant and their sexually produced workers"
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Rey O, Loiseau A, Facon B, Foucaud J, Orivel J, Cornuet JM, Robert S, Dobigny G, Delabie JH, Mariano Cdos S, Estoup A (2011).
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where both gynes and workers are capable of reproducing. In most species with annual colony cycles, only gynes can enter
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and overwinter, while workers – both non-reproductive and reproductive – die off. In some groups, such as
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with a drastic reduction in recombination. These oocytes may either fuse together for gyne production (
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In queenright colonies (red symbols), selfishness is more common in high relatedness species.
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Helanterä, Heikki; Ratnieks, Francis L.W. (2019). "Worker
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with central fusion) or be fertilized by male gametes for the production of workers.
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queens display distinct morphological differences from the sterile worker class. In
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Primary reproductive female castes of insects, also known as queens
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is known to have colonies in both polygyne and monogyne forms.
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meant a woman who had given birth to at least one child.
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Queen (marked) and workers of the
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insects. A colony with multiple queens is said to be a
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166:Wasmannia auropunctata
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442:Entomological Science
414:10.1093/molbev/msr082
363:Leptothorax acervorum
157:Leptothorax acervorum
149:red imported fire ant
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477:The Insect Societies
266:. pp. 743–753.
180:In the wasp species
163:The little fire ant
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189:Ropalidia plebeiana
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202:Eusociality
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503:Categories
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218:References
340:0020-1812
290:238555294
212:Queen bee
207:Queen ant
125:like the
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264:Elsevier
196:See also
143:Examples
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100:eusocial
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