403:
49:
224:
582:
287:
40:
687:
720:, as well. In unveiling the new memorial, the mayor of Colditz, Manfred Heinz, said that each generation must always remind the next of the past, that such events are never repeated. He also said that the memorial was not to be seen as just a reminder of the forced laborers of the past, rather as a rejection of
572:
coffee to wash themselves; since it tasted so bad, it was not worth drinking. Following their breakfast of thin coffee, prisoners were forced to perform 12 hours of physically hard labor under the supervision of capricious guards, who vengefully beat them with sticks and screamed at them. Finally, in
593:
told the SS to make some improvements, not because of concern for the prisoners' welfare, but because missile production and therefore the war effort would be negatively affected. One of
Kotkowsky's friends found the conditions so unbearable, he took the opportunity to be returned to Buchenwald with
577:
was found stealing bread. They slept in cold wooden barracks with straw mattresses or just on bare wood during a winter that was exceptionally cold. Another survivor, Stephen Casey (born István Katona), said there were bodies lying in the mud everywhere around the camp, sometimes for days where they
437:
During the war, HASAG had factories in eight German cities and three Polish ones. Most of the workers were either forced laborers, primarily from eastern Europe, or prisoners from concentration camps. The forced laborers lived under heavy police surveillance in barracks near the factories. In 1942
613:
There were no baths to take care of millions of lice, so we had to undress and stand naked waiting at a wall. After freezing for half an hour, they unleashed several fire hoses on us and not everyone was able to withstand that. Each thrust of water in the cold weather knocked us against the wall.
567:
survivor, recalled his arrival there on
December 28, 1944. His group was brought in to build an arms factory in the forest. They had to clear the woods and lay railway tracks. The conditions were deplorable. Aside from the gnawing hunger, there were no sanitary facilities or running water for the
495:
per month were filled with explosives. The average life expectancy of a prisoner sent to work there was two months. In the early hours of
October 12, 1944, an explosion occurred that killed 96 prison laborers. The cause of the explosion was never determined, whether it was sabotage, accident or a
278:
included the news that in
September, the company had, after making some adjustments to its operation, succeeded in obtaining large orders for military supplies, which allowed the company to return to "normal sales revenues". In fact, the company's net profit tripled over its previous non-military
601:
with muddy water. No barracks were hit, which infuriated the SS, who took it out on the prisoners. A few days later, a transport arrived with
Hungarian prisoners, who died soon after from the cold, the starvation and the beatings. Kotkowsky said that "prisoners were always disappearing" and more
273:
for heating and cooking, bicycle headlights and brass sheeting and wire. The company grew to 1200 employees and the value of the stock increased several times. By 1913, the company was a major producer of all types of petroleum and gas lamps. The outbreak of World War I briefly interrupted the
251:
to an industrial plant, with 200 employees. It soon grew to over 300 employees and began exporting not just to other
European countries, but also to South America, Asia and Australia. Schneider died on June 1, 1888, and his son, Johnannes Schneider-Dörfel took over the business.
727:
The Flößberg labor camp was razed after the war. Today, there is a gate marking the spot, though a local group is trying to raise money to erect a more extensive memorial. There is a prisoner cemetery with 38 prisoner graves on the grounds of the former camp, which the state of
503:, the situation in Poland became more dangerous for HASAG's factories. Operations were moved to Germany, establishing a number of smaller operations in different towns around Leipzig with good rail and road connections to the main factory in Leipzig. Labor camps were set up in
314:, but this was a drop from previous levels. In October 1931, the company reported that sales were down nearly 15 percent and the company's value had dropped by nearly 30 percent. The board sought changes in company management and on October 1, 1931, Paul Budin was brought in.
390:. By 1939, HASAG had become one of the biggest arms manufacturers in Germany, with 3,700 employees and annual sales of 22 million Reichsmark. Under Renner's leadership, HASAG remained one of the largest arms manufacturers in central Germany till the end of
438:
and 1943, such labor camps were set up near all six of the factories in Poland. Few workers were there voluntarily and most of those were
Germans in managerial positions. At the beginning of 1942, HASAG had 13,850 employees. They began bringing in Polish
265:, manufacturing metal goods under the name "Hugo Schneider AG (Hasag)". Schneider's sons retained 63 percent of the company, but bankers now sat on the board controlling the company. A venture involving other banks resulted in the opening of a factory in
701:, has an organization devoted to protecting its memory. Tours of the one-time labor camp are given and a number of former prisoners have returned for a visit, even from abroad. There is a memorial plaque at the site and there are plans for a monument.
836:
The precise number of people forced to work at HASAG factories is unclear because many records were destroyed in the war. The numbers below represent a tally of those known to have worked or perished at the factories below and represent a minimum.
554:
nearing the city, Budin blew up the company's main building and office building in
Leipzig. He is assumed to have blown up his family and himself along with them. The company's files were never found and are assumed to have been burned.
491:", making the company the weapon's sole producer in Germany. This enabled HASAG to expand further. At one labor camp, HASAG Werk Schlieben, also called Schlieben-Berga concentration camp, 1.5 million Panzerfaust "Gretchen"
374:
financed the development of the company into an arms manufacturer and the old products became a sideline. In 1935, Budin was promoted to general manager; the main plant in
Leipzig was expanded and new factories were built.
1457:
712:
who perished at the HASAG Colditz labor camp was unveiled at the
Colditz cemetery on March 30, 2007. An earlier memorial to the "Victims of Fascism" was unveiled in 1948 and renovated in 1975, when a
147:
472:
HASAG was able to use women to replace male workers because of automation and their machinery, also the company produced small and medium-sized arms. The company preferred to employ and exploit the
597:
One night, after the factory had been built and gunpowder brought in to begin making weapons, British bombers destroyed the factory in a fifteen-minute bombing raid, after which it rained, filling
739:. The proposal was opposed by Jewish and other groups and the regional administration backed off in November 2010. Now there are plans to fix up the graveyard and improve other parts of the site.
1017:
Prisoners labeled "sick" were often exterminated before they had a chance to recover and Buchenwald had a high mortality rate. In this case, the gamble paid off, though and the prisoner survived.
1342:
651:
After the war, the main factory in Leipzig began to produce cooking pots, milk canisters, lamps and other items until 1947, when the machinery and equipment was dismantled and seized by the
247:, the production of which soon increased with the growing use of gas lighting. Schneider took over his partner's share of the business in 1871 and by 1880, the firm had grown from a simple
1155:
181:, a decision that ultimately increased the company's profitability. The loss of military business after the war resulted in dropping sales. HASAG struggled during the 1920s in the
476:
available from numerous Nazi labor camps and maintained by the SS, and became the third largest user of forced laborers in Germany. HASAG employed more women than men because the
1667:
1104:
695:
414:
Initially, only "elite, especially reliable German workers" were allowed to work in the arms industry, but with the outbreak of World War II in 1939 and many men entering the
231:
The company was founded in September 1863 as Häckel und Schneider in Paunsdorf, near Leipzig, with 20 employees who made lamps by hand. Hugo Schneider was a 27-year-old
573:
the evening, came a bowl of thin soup with a small piece of bread. Kotkowsky called the hunger "incomprehensible" and said food was so sparingly distributed, even a
1499:
1848:
1387:
670:(East Germany). The company MEWA (VEB Metallwaren Leipzig) produced a high-powered lantern according to a HASAG design. The VEB Leuchtenbau Leipzig owned the
825:
310:
affected HASAG as well, as workers continually found their remuneration to be inadequate. By 1930, HASAG had 1,000 employees and annual sales of 5 million
627:
With Allied forces nearing and more and more German troops seen in retreat, the SS evacuated Flößberg labor camp on April 13, 1945. They were packed into
166:
making lamps and other small metal products by hand into a large factory and publicly traded company that sold its wares in several countries. During the
1828:
203:
88:
1522:
1838:
1339:
1691:
1245:
568:
prisoners, so they could not wash themselves or their clothing and it rained often, making the camp very muddy. Many inmates used their morning
602:
would simply be brought from other slave labor camps. Within Leipzig and the surrounding towns, more people died at Flößberg than at any other
1633:
716:
was added to commemorate the political prisoners who died. In 1995, two plaques were added to include honor the memory of forced laborers and
1853:
274:
success of the business, as HASAG lost important foreign markets, but this was soon supplanted by the production of small arms. HASAG's 1914
915:/Berga, Schlieben concentration camp, third largest of the 136 Buchenwald labor subcamps with between 2,000 and 5,000 female prisoners from
1843:
1818:
1163:
1769:
1475:
Leipzig Permoserstraße Zur Geschichte eines Industrie- und Wissenschaftsstandorts, UFZ-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle GmbH (2001)
366:
and again received contracts for ammunition production, having been classified as a military supplier. Production began in autumn 1934.
1664:
1101:
174:
using slave labour on a massive scale. Tens of thousands of Jews from Poland, and other prisoners, died producing munition for Hasag.
1833:
1808:
652:
520:
133:
1726:
1575:
1293:
1224:
870:(November 30, 1944 – April 13, 1945). 1,902 (primarily Jewish) slave laborers, 235 known deaths, of which, 195 are known by name
539:, as well. As at Colditz, Flößberg's slave laborers were primarily Hungarian and Polish Jews, but one-quarter to one-fifth were
500:
1823:
1721:
1158:[Restoring truth about Hasag. At its Skarżysko-Kamienna camp during World War II some 35,000 prisoners perished].
770:
Searchlights, circuit lamps, outdoor lights, stoplights, lanterns, bicycle headlights and tail lights, horns and switches
639:, where they arrived about two weeks later. Many prisoners died along the way. American forces arrived in the village of
480:
charged less for women. They worked more quickly than men and were more adaptable; they also had a lower mortality rate.
1652:
Gedenkstätte zur Erinnerung an die Zwangsarbeiter und Zwangsarbeiterinnen in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus in Leipzig
371:
294:
After the war, the company returned to the manufacture of goods it had produced before the war and added production of
190:
1761:
1747:
1275:
527:. Exact figures for the number of prison laborers are unknown, however, there were at least 718 prisoners, primarily
916:
450:
1813:
713:
536:
1519:
1395:
867:
705:
636:
564:
532:
333:. As was common in the Nazi armaments industry, nearly all of the deputies and directors were in the SS, the
307:
973:
454:
325:
and Nazi Party member, was appointed manager of HASAG in 1932. One of his deputies was Dr. Georg Mumme, an
211:
in Europe, with armaments factories in Germany and Poland. Though HASAG was dismantled after the war, the
1717:
1707:
Documentary about memorial aspects of the HASAG industrial estate, forced labor, and Helmut Kohl's wife
531:
and Polish Jews at the labor camp in Colditz. The factory in Flößberg had at least 1,902 prisoners from
423:
667:
1754:
Wir lebten zwischen Granaten und Gedichten. Das Frauenlager der Rüstungsfabrik HASAG im Dritten Reich
1441:
574:
1688:
1242:
1138:
402:
1156:"Przywrócą prawdę o Hasagu. W skarżyskim obozie pracy w czasie wojny zginęło około 35 tysięcy osób"
1008:("concentration camp"). This is in addition to other names, which refer to them as HASAG factories.
353:
1659:
603:
379:
1560:
860:(1944 – mid-April 1945). 718 known prisoners slave laborers, primarily Hungarian and Polish Jews
461:
was officially calculated. It was three and a half months. There were 16,581 prisoners in these
453:
and then from Buchenwald, setting up a labor subcamp next to every HASAG factory in Germany. At
551:
465:, including 10,557 women, both Jews and non-Jews and 4,025 Jewish men. The main factory in the
171:
1265:
717:
1243:"Von der Petroleumlampe zur Panzerfaust – Das vergessene Konzentrationslager Schlieben/Berga"
686:
594:
a transport of prisoners too sick to work, betting his chances of survival against the odds.
931:
923:
407:
62:
48:
663:
280:
1561:"Landesdirektion Chemnitz lehnt Umbettung ab - Häftlingsfriedhof Flößberg bleibt erhalten"
1384:
8:
764:
422:, workers became harder to find. An agreement was reached between the arms inspector and
1484:
256:
960:
698:
540:
431:
357:
299:
261:
198:
136:
as well as at least 13,850 German employees mostly in managerial positions (1942)
98:
1545:
1290:
907:
322:
170:, Hasag became a Nazi arms-manufacturing conglomerate with dozens of factories across
1757:
1743:
1636:
1271:
732:
992:
German sources use several different terms for the satellite labor camps, sometimes
1587:
1414:
1160:
Monograph "Hasag" by Krzysztof Gibaszewski published by Muzeum Orła Białego, Poland
794:
492:
303:
167:
487:
gave HASAG special authority under the title "Hochlauf (run-up, production boost)
1740:
Leipzig Permoserstraße zur Geschichte eines Industrie- und Wissenschaftsstandorts
1713:
1695:
1671:
1526:
1346:
1297:
1249:
1108:
954:
820:
609:
In March, the SS decided to give the camp and the prisoners a "spring cleaning".
182:
178:
151:
58:
1270:
Google Books. English translation (2000) Syracuse University Press, p. 183
1264:
Bernhard Frankfurter (ed.), translated and annotated by Susan E. Cernyak-Spatz,
898:
378:
The military contracts were very lucrative because they did not have to arrange
1314:
736:
709:
656:
632:
338:
326:
270:
201:
at the onset of World War II the company expanded to accommodate thousands of
163:
1704:
1648:
official website. (Note: most of the site is not yet translated into English.)
1602:
1444:
Holocaust Survivors and Remembrance Project (March 2005). Retrieved March 2011
1252:
Schlieben-Berga concentration camp memorial website. Retrieved March 25, 2011
614:
There was no way out. How we survived that ordeal was beyond my understanding.
330:
54:
1802:
1784:
1771:
1651:
817:
807:
477:
439:
367:
341:, who later became the head of the military business and helped develop the
318:
275:
243:
and painted wares in 1854. Over the next few years, the company began making
194:
108:
1075:
466:
125:
1563:
Initiative Flößberg gedenkt. (November 30, 2010). Retrieved March 29, 2011
813:
798:
780:
755:
484:
462:
391:
349:
295:
208:
1458:"Jüdische Gemeinden gegen Umbettung von Toten des KZ-Außenlagers Flößberg"
1756:. Translated from the Hebrew by Susanne Plietzsch. Cologne: Böhlau, 2001
889:
803:
598:
547:
488:
473:
469:
quarter of Leipzig had 5,288 forced laborers, of whom, 5,067 were women.
387:
342:
1645:
884:
857:
774:
628:
590:
546:
In 1945, thousands of prisoners were taken out of HASAG factories in a
362:
311:
207:
from concentration camps and ghettos. It was the third largest user of
186:
129:
934:(1942/1943 to January 1945) using up to 41,800 Jewish forced laborers.
223:
24:
1227:(PDF) Wachauer-Petromax (January 19, 2007). Retrieved March 23, 2011
912:
879:
721:
671:
508:
419:
415:
383:
212:
121:
1679:
902:
893:
640:
524:
512:
445:
244:
406:
Memorial to Jewish forced laborers at labor camp HASAG-Pelcery in
269:, Poland. In 1902, in addition to lamps, the company began making
158:) was a German metal goods manufacturer founded in 1863. Based in
1729:
The list of WW2 German Waffenamt codes, numbers and manufacturers
1398:
Chair in Canadian Jewish Studies (2000). Retrieved March 28, 2011
853:
528:
504:
334:
248:
240:
236:
232:
159:
20:
585:
Monument to the victims of HASAG Werk Schlieben-Berga labor camp
581:
1442:"My Story, 1944–45: Hungary to Buchenwald, Mauthausen and Back"
927:
847:
729:
569:
516:
286:
266:
39:
1111:
Club Courage, e.V. (March 20, 2007) Retrieved March 28, 2011
938:
767:
and bicycle accessories, electrical headlights and fog lights
675:
145:(also known as Hugo Schneider AG, or by its original name in
1267:
The meeting: an Auschwitz survivor confronts an SS physician
1102:"HASAG-Außenlager des KZ Buchenwald in Colditz und Flößberg"
1705:
Vergessener Rüstungsgigant – Die Leipziger HASAG | MDR DOK
1502:
Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt.. Retrieved March 22, 2011
1139:"HASAG: Hugo Schneider Aktiengesellschaft Metalwarenfabrik"
942:
193:
in 1933, growing militarism led to the company's return to
1665:
HASAG-Außenlager des KZ Buchenwald in Colditz und Flößberg
666:, the publicly owned industrial enterprises in the former
1660:
Częstochowa ghetto, important HASAG production facilities
957:, French-Armenian writer, poet, French Resistance fighter
386:, rather they sold in bulk directly to one customer, the
1680:
Geschichte und Erinnerung an den HASAG-Standort Flößberg
1388:
Montreal Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies
65:
had an estimated death toll of 35,000 people before 1945
1742:, UFZ-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle GmbH, 2001
1605:
Initiative Flößberg gedenkt. Retrieved March 28, 2011
1590:
Initiative Flößberg gedenkt. Retrieved March 22, 2011
1548:
Initiative Flößberg gedenkt. Retrieved March 29, 2011
1417:
Initiative Flößberg gedenkt. Retrieved March 28, 2011
1340:"Führung im ehemaligen Hasag- und KZ-Gelände in Berga"
631:
without food and taken on a circuitous route through
558:
483:
In 1944, Reichs Minister for Armaments and Munitions
1698:
Schlieben-Berga concentration camp memorial website
1141:
Holocaust Research Project. Retrieved March 22, 2011
283:
and other military items in heavy use on the front.
1352:online (October 3, 2009). Retrieved March 25, 2011
1153:
156:
Hugo Schneider Aktiengesellschaft Metallwarenfabrik
1463:online. (July 19, 2010). Retrieved March 29, 2011
963:, Czech Communist resistance fighter and historian
662:After 1949, HASAG's civilian patents were used by
360:, HASAG undertook intensive negotiations with the
337:or the SA, most notably Wilhelm Renner, father of
1531:Leipziger Volkszeitung - Muldentaler Kreiszeitung
1800:
259:and other banks, the firm was established as an
1849:1863 establishments in the German Confederation
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1315:"KZ-Außenstelle Schlieben Das vergessene Lager"
748:Lighting and heating equipment, camping stoves
302:casings. Sales dropped to pre-war levels. The
1682:Flößberg concentration camp memorial website
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1149:
1147:
831:
694:The former HASAG Werk Schlieben, also called
589:Conditions were so bad at Flößberg, that the
239:, who had started the business making lamps,
1326:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
76:
1533:(March 31, 2007). Retrieved March 28, 2011
1320:(April 20, 2009). Retrieved March 25, 2011
1238:
1236:
690:Gate outside the former Flößberg labor camp
674:name "HASAG", and extended it in 1963. The
235:salesman; his partner, Ernst Häckel, was a
197:under the new SS leadership. Following the
1829:Defunct manufacturing companies of Germany
1576:Overview of HASAG Development and Products
1515:
1513:
1511:
1401:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1258:
1144:
1000:("outside site" or "post") and sometimes,
38:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1225:Chronology and overview of Hasag products
1084:
1078:conne-island.de Retrieved March 22, 2010
659:. Most of the buildings were demolished.
1839:Manufacturing companies based in Leipzig
1233:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
685:
580:
401:
285:
222:
134:Jewish ghettos in German-occupied Poland
1508:
1358:
1300:Edward Victor. Retrieved March 18, 2011
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
751:Electrical, home and cooking appliances
442:in spring 1944, and in 1945, had eight
434:, allowing Jews to be used as workers.
1801:
1452:
1450:
1423:
1415:History of Flößberg concentration camp
1199:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
948:
397:
16:Former German metal goods manufacturer
1529:Club Courage, e.V., republished from
1487:Petroman.de Retrieved March 22, 2011
1310:
1308:
1306:
1154:Mateusz BOLECHOWSKI (July 17, 2014).
996:literally, "outside camp", sometimes
841:Leipzig Permoserstraße (main factory)
255:In 1899, with the involvement of the
177:It began making armaments during the
1854:German companies established in 1863
1285:
1283:
1117:
1030:
787:
1844:Companies involved in the Holocaust
1819:Nazi concentration camps in Germany
1714:Documents and clippings about HASAG
1447:
1178:
937:Partner/co-operative production in
733:regional administration in Chemnitz
13:
1733:
1578:(PDF) (January 19, 2007) p. 5
1303:
559:Life at a HASAG factory labor camp
543:from various countries in Europe.
372:Allgemeine Deutsche Credit-Anstalt
14:
1865:
1646:Leipzig Memorial of Forced Labour
1627:
1291:"Altenburg: Philatelic Materials"
1280:
742:
735:had suggested should be moved to
606:or as a result of Nazi ideology.
358:growing militarization in Germany
1834:Firearm manufacturers of Germany
1809:Unfree labor during World War II
1727:HASAG ammunition production list
866:Flößberg labor camp, subcamp of
646:
47:
1611:
1596:
1581:
1569:
1554:
1539:
1493:
1478:
1469:
1392:Remnants: Memoirs of A Survivor
1011:
986:
621:Remnants: Memoirs of A Survivor
1603:"Den Opfern einen Namen geben"
1500:Trade marks: Document DD463881
537:Gross-Rosen concentration camp
451:Ravensbrück concentration camp
1:
1318:Potsdamer Neueste Nachrichten
1162:. EchoDnia.eu. Archived from
1024:
868:Buchenwald concentration camp
779:Cast steel, rolled steel and
637:Mauthausen concentration camp
298:to replace the production of
1824:Defunct companies of Germany
1621:. Verlag Bücherkammer (2005)
1619:Das KZ-Aussenlager Schlieben
979:
974:Industrial plans for Germany
457:, the mortality rate for an
354:in control of the government
215:remained in use until 1974.
7:
1718:20th Century Press Archives
1588:History of Flößberg subcamp
967:
850:(also called Hasag Werk II)
10:
1870:
832:HASAG factories, 1942–1945
704:A new memorial for the 72
678:was discontinued in 1974.
668:German Democratic Republic
550:. In April 1945, with the
218:
18:
844:Leipzig, northern factory
681:
304:worldwide economic crisis
114:
104:
94:
84:
70:
46:
37:
501:Soviet offensive in 1945
424:Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger
279:sales. The company made
191:eventually came to power
1814:Economy of Nazi Germany
1785:51.352635°N 12.433047°E
1670:March 21, 2012, at the
1525:March 21, 2012, at the
1296:April 21, 2019, at the
1107:March 21, 2012, at the
1076:Nazi history in Leipzig
653:Soviet occupation force
604:Nazi concentration camp
1520:"Gedenkstätte Colditz"
1485:"MEWA Starklichtlampe"
1461:Leipziger Volkszeitung
1345:July 25, 2011, at the
761:Enamel and tinned ware
691:
664:Volkseigener Betrieben
625:
586:
411:
291:
228:
189:grew in influence and
172:German-occupied Europe
155:
77:
23:village of Hașag, see
1694:May 29, 2013, at the
1248:May 29, 2013, at the
689:
611:
584:
563:Charles Kotkowsky, a
405:
382:to a large number of
289:
226:
195:small arms production
1790:51.352635; 12.433047
1689:HASAG Werk Schlieben
1396:Concordia University
922:German factories in
428:SS-Obergruppenführer
308:situation in Germany
227:Hugo Schneider, 1888
120:16,581 prisoners of
1781: /
1383:Charles Kotkowsky,
1350:Lausitzer Rundschau
1006:Konzentrationslager
949:Prominent prisoners
765:Automotive lighting
643:on April 14, 1945.
619:Charles Kotkowsky,
565:Flößberg labor camp
541:political prisoners
398:Use of forced labor
352:and the Nazi Party
116:Number of employees
34:
1440:Stephen P. Casey,
932:Częstochowa ghetto
926:with 35,000 dead,
924:Skarżysko-Kamienna
876:Borsdorf (in 1944)
826:Flare Pistol LP 42
773:Electrical bulbs,
699:concentration camp
692:
587:
535:and probably from
432:General Government
412:
292:
262:aktiengesellschaft
229:
204:NS-Zwangsarbeiters
199:invasion of Poland
99:Arms manufacturing
63:Skarżysko-Kamienna
61:. Nearby plant at
32:
1166:on April 28, 2015
919:, and Buchenwald
810:), recoilless gun
795:recoilless weapon
788:Selected weaponry
162:, it grew from a
140:
139:
78:Hugo Schneider AG
1861:
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1546:"Erinnerungsort"
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873:Grimma (in 1944)
863:Delitzsch (1944)
718:prisoners of war
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257:Darmstädter Bank
168:Second World War
150:
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51:
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1734:Further reading
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955:Louise Aslanian
951:
908:Berlin-Köpenick
834:
821:rocket launcher
790:
745:
696:Schlieben-Berga
684:
657:war reparations
649:
624:
618:
561:
511:, Flößberg (in
440:forced laborers
400:
323:Sturmbannführer
271:portable stoves
221:
183:Weimar Republic
179:First World War
146:
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59:occupied Poland
53:HASAG plant in
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743:Goods produced
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710:Hungarian Jews
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633:Czechoslovakia
616:
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474:prisoner labor
463:labor subcamps
399:
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348:In 1934, with
339:Hannelore Kohl
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164:small business
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459:Außenkommando
456:
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449:, first from
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276:annual report
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128:, 1,902 from
127:
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110:
109:Joint venture
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1168:. Retrieved
1164:the original
1159:
1013:
1005:
1004:, short for
1001:
997:
993:
988:
899:Oberweißbach
835:
799:Faustpatrone
793:Disposable,
781:noble metals
758:) containers
726:
714:red triangle
703:
693:
661:
650:
626:
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599:bomb craters
596:
588:
562:
545:
498:
485:Albert Speer
482:
471:
458:
443:
436:
427:
413:
392:World War II
380:distribution
377:
361:
350:Adolf Hitler
347:
316:
293:
260:
254:
230:
209:forced labor
202:
176:
142:
141:
89:Slave labour
85:Company type
29:
1788: /
1709:(in German)
1700:(in German)
1684:(in German)
1675:(in German)
1655:(in German)
1641:(in German)
1607:(in German)
1592:(in German)
1565:(in German)
1550:(in German)
1535:(in German)
1504:(in German)
1489:(in German)
1465:(in German)
1419:(in German)
1385:"Flossberg"
1354:(in German)
1322:(in German)
1254:(in German)
1229:(in German)
1113:(in German)
1080:(in German)
998:Außenstelle
917:Ravensbrück
890:Langewiesen
804:Panzerfaust
775:gas mantles
754:Insulated (
724:, as well.
672:trademarked
629:cattle cars
548:death march
489:Panzerfaust
408:Częstochowa
388:Third Reich
343:Panzerfaust
331:Sturmführer
312:Reichsmarks
290:HASAG logos
124:, 5,288 at
72:Native name
55:Częstochowa
1803:Categories
1776:12°25′59″E
1773:51°21′09″N
1639:of Saxony
1637:Bundesland
1025:References
994:Außenlager
885:Meuselwitz
858:labor camp
856:satellite
797:anti-tank
591:commandant
533:Buchenwald
467:Schönefeld
363:Reichswehr
317:Budin, an
187:Nazi Party
130:Buchenwald
126:Schönefeld
1170:April 28,
980:Footnotes
913:Schlieben
880:Altenburg
722:extremism
529:Hungarian
509:Delitzsch
499:With the
446:kommandos
420:Luftwaffe
416:Wehrmacht
384:retailers
245:gas lamps
213:trademark
185:. As the
148:‹See Tfd›
122:Auschwitz
1692:Archived
1668:Archived
1523:Archived
1343:Archived
1294:Archived
1246:Archived
1105:Archived
968:See also
903:Eisenach
894:Dermbach
892:, later
783:products
641:Flößberg
617:—
525:Borsdorf
513:Frohburg
455:Birkenau
410:, Poland
370:and the
306:and the
233:Silesian
95:Industry
21:Romanian
19:For the
1720:of the
1716:in the
854:Colditz
756:thermal
521:Golzern
505:Colditz
430:of the
335:Gestapo
249:factory
241:tinware
237:plumber
219:History
160:Leipzig
25:Loamneș
1760:
1746:
1274:
928:Kielce
848:Taucha
730:Saxony
706:Polish
682:Legacy
578:fell.
570:ersatz
552:Allies
517:Grimma
496:bomb.
426:, the
356:and a
281:rounds
267:Warsaw
152:German
105:Owners
939:Milan
737:Borna
676:brand
444:Außen
300:shell
143:HASAG
33:HASAG
1758:ISBN
1744:ISBN
1272:ISBN
1172:2015
943:Rome
941:and
930:and
708:and
575:kapo
523:and
493:guns
418:and
1722:ZBW
655:as
635:to
515:),
1805::
1510:^
1449:^
1425:^
1403:^
1394:.
1390:.
1360:^
1328:^
1305:^
1282:^
1235:^
1180:^
1146:^
1119:^
1086:^
1032:^
1002:KZ
816:,
519:,
507:,
478:SS
394:.
345:.
327:SA
319:SS
154::
57:,
1174:.
901:/
806:(
329:-
321:-
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
