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hands of the
Hanseatic cities was another humiliating blow to the foreign policies of Haakon in the east. Not only did the power of the monarch gradually weaken under the mounting pressure and influence of the Hanseatic cities, but the Norwegian trade also suffered as a consequence of the Hanseatic monopoly. Haakon became less interested in Danish affairs following the military failures against the Hanseatic cities, and would again turn his attention to his chief foreign policy of retaking Sweden from the Germans, something which he would have some limited success with in the following years. However, Haakon would gain a renewed interest in Danish affairs when the opportunity to have his son elected king of Denmark arose upon Valdemar's death in 1375.
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favouritism Magnus had shown his youngest son. With Eric as a rallying figure, a part of Sweden's most powerful nobility rose up in rebellion against the rule of Magnus. The rebellion was short-lived however and Magnus and Eric made peace with each other a year after the conflict erupted. Eric "XII" was elevated to King of Sweden and was made co-ruler with his father in the subsequent peace agreement. Eric was also given dominion over
Southern Sweden. It all took a dramatic turn when Eric suddenly died of the plague in 1359. In accordance with the peace agreement between father and eldest son in 1357, the Swedish nobility soon deposed Magnus and elected Haakon as King of Sweden in
790:) over the rival claim of Sinclair's cousin, Malise Sparre. In return, Sinclair pledged to pay a sum of 1000 nobles before 11 November the same year, and when called upon, was to serve the Norwegian king on Orkney or elsewhere with 100 equipped and armed men for up to three months. As a security for upholding this arrangement, Sinclair had to leave behind valued hostages when he departed for his earldom. It is unknown if Haakon ever attempted to call upon the forces pledged by Sinclair, or if the agreed sum was ever actually paid in full. Shortly before his death in 1380, Haakon permitted the hostages to return home.
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to invade Scania in 1360 with his mercenary army. The Danish forces quickly occupied the province and started besieging
Helsingborg Castle, eventually forcing the Swedish garrison to surrender and capturing the castle. When the castle was captured, Valdemar had virtually regained control over all of Scania, and when Magnus proved to be unable to retake the province by force, it simply passed back to Danish rule. Further strife between the two kingdoms would put the marriage contract on hold for a few years until the two parties eventually reconciled in 1363; Haakon and Margaret were married that year in the
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through the realm, and the aggressive foreign policies of Haakon would in addition take a heavy toll on the kingdom's decaying economy. In 1371, Haakon acquired the release of his father from German imprisonment against a large ransom sum of 12,000 silver marks, which alone was more than the kingdom's ordinary tax incomes just before the outbreak of the plague. A special tax had to be imposed on Haakon's subjects to pay for the ransom.
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Because of the war against Sweden and the aggressive
Norwegian policies in the east, Haakon had to mortgage and borrow money at an unprecedented scale to maintain his armies, and had to increasingly rely on the Norwegian nobility and the rich German merchants. The substantial rise in foreign debt would eventually come to shift the political power in Norway, and gradually weakened the power of the monarch.
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686:. In addition to this, the Confederation forced Valdemar to grant the Hanseatic League a considerable amount of influence over the future Danish king-elections, including the right to veto against any throne candidate. Lastly, the Confederation put several towns on the coast of Scania and Helsingborg Castle under the control of the Hanseatic League for a fixed period of fifteen years.
632:, severely curtailing the League's power and influence. In Norway, Haakon had shifted his political and foreign affairs towards the east, and the reconquest of his Swedish kingdom was in particular his strongest motivation for the alliance with the recuperating Danish kingdom. The alliance between the Norwegians and the Danes threatened to shift the political and military power in the
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415:, where they hailed Haakon as their king and took the oath of perpetual fealty and servitude to him. Though the meeting at Båhus Castle forged historic ties to the old elective monarchy in Norway, the acclamation documents created by the Council of the Realm stipulated that Haakon was to rule over only parts of Norway, and it was also carefully documented that the
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neutrality in the upcoming election, which they promptly accepted. In addition to this, the Danish
Council of the Realm was more inclined to a potential union and alliance with Norway, largely because of anti-German sentiments within the Council, and the general reluctance to have a second German ruler in Scandinavia. On 3 May 1376, Olav was elected king in
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and Haakon soon found himself in need of allies. He entered into an alliance with King
Valdemar, the father of his wife, which was something that later would dramatically concentrate the Norwegian foreign policy to the east, rather than to the traditional west. After a turbulent conflict and war against the North German cities and the
656:. Also, the Confederation launched a successful campaign against Valdemar in Denmark, which turned out to be disastrous for Valdemar's plans to reassemble the Danish kingdom. The Confederation raided and pillaged the Danish coast, invaded the province of Danish-held Scania, and even captured and looted the city of
718:. The new monarch would have to be elected by the Danish Council of the Realm and any potential candidate had to be approved by the Hanseatic League. As Valdemar left no immediate clear successor to the throne, two candidates were put forward for the election: Haakon and Margaret suggested their only son,
497:, was betrothed to Haakon in a marriage contract intended to be a part of a larger alliance treaty between Magnus and Valdemar. It was presumed that Valdemar would assist Magnus in the aforementioned rebellion, started by his eldest son Eric, by invading the province of Scania, which had been pawned by
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noblemen and proceeded to swiftly invade and conquer Sweden and subsequently installed his son as the new king. In
November 1365, the younger Albert was formally hailed as Sweden's new king, though he had already been crowned on 18 February 1364. Magnus sought refuge with his son in Norway where they
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as compensation for that assistance, but in June 1359 Eric unexpectedly died of the plague and Magnus tried to renege on his promise to return the castle to the Danish Crown. Valdemar was far too ambitious a ruler to have his plan to reassemble the Danish kingdom fall into pieces, and so he proceeded
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in his realm, also extending to the military. This was however not continued by Haakon who elected to transfer more power and military responsibilities on to loyal lords. As a consequence, Haakon would be able to field much larger armies, but it became increasingly expensive to maintain this system.
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Furthermore, throughout Haakon's reign he reportedly had an unproblematic relationship with the church. Also, throughout his rule, especially after the loss of Sweden to the
Germans, a noticeable number of Swedish noblemen pledged their support to Haakon and settled on Norwegian lands. The generally
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at Båhus Castle and formally ended the war between them, the treaty included an extension of the already established truce for an additional five years. Through this treaty, the
Hanseatic League reached its pinnacle of power in the region with a virtual monopoly on lucrative trade. The defeat at the
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The chief foreign policy of Haakon was now to retrieve Sweden from the
Germans and his father from captivity. He was still in possession of West Sweden and found that he could rely on the support from several noblemen who were displeased with the Germans. The war between Norway and Sweden continued,
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was meant to succeed their father on the throne of Sweden, while Haakon was made king of Norway in his father's lifetime. Magnus greatly favored Haakon over Eric, leading to the latter's rebellion and seizure of Southern Sweden. Eric died in 1359, and Haakon became co-ruler of Sweden with his father
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Magnus abdicated his Norwegian throne sometime between 8 and 18 August in 1355. Haakon would then rule as the sole king in the kingdom, though his father continued to exercise control over Norway in the following years, albeit not in name anymore. The first documented event in which Haakon acted as
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Nearing his final days, Haakon was exhausted by the almost constant warfare and the straining conflict with his cousin, Albert of Mecklenburg. It has been speculated that this, in addition to the considerable financial difficulties of Haakon's reign, may have contributed to his early death. Haakon
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As king, Haakon was immediately pulled into his father's internal strife in Sweden, where a growing conflict eventually had erupted into open warfare. Eric was discontent with his father's rule, likely because he had not been granted a membership in the Swedish Council of the Realm, and because of
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Haakon, having already lost a substantial portion of his Swedish realm to the Germans, would go to great and costly lengths to assure his son's accession to the Danish throne. To accomplish this, Haakon borrowed large sums of money and offered it to the Hanseatic League in return for the League's
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would apply if he were to die leaving no legitimate son, thereby ensuring that the hereditary monarchy would be upheld. The next in line to the Norwegian throne would then be his older brother Eric and his descendants, but the provision became moot when Eric died in 1359. The meetings at Varberg
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in 1371, where it looked like Haakon could decisively defeat the Germans and acquire revenge for his defeat at the Battle of Gataskogen; but Albert and his German supporters managed to withstand the siege and Haakon was forced to sign a peace treaty. The treaty was signed on 14 August 1371, and
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was brought to Bergen on board an English merchant ship to devastating effects, killing between 50% and 60% of the population, leaving the kingdom in a period of social and economic decline. The kingdom's financial framework (which was originally weak) virtually collapsed as the plague ravaged
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against Denmark and Norway to counter the growing ambitions of the two allied kings. The Confederation renewed their alliance with German-held Sweden and assembled a large fleet of warships and subsequently assaulted the Norwegian coast and continued to raid it all the way to
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immediately planned the reconquest of Sweden. After an invasion, a temporary truce was established between the two warring parties, and though Haakon and Magnus had lost control over much of Sweden, they still maintained control over the important provinces of
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fleet should be assembled and made ready for departure. Apparently, the Germans had broken the previous peace treaty and conspired to wage war against Haakon. However, there are no existing records of any war or battles fought during this period of time.
318:. Haakon's continuous conflicts with his father-in-law ended only with the latter's death in 1375. Haakon seized the opportunity to have his son elected Valdemar's successor, defeating the claims of his and his wife's Mecklenburg relatives.
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Haakon would have to be content with having his father released from captivity against a large ransom. When released, Magnus resumed ruling his remaining domains in Norway and Sweden until his death in 1374 only three years later.
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accepted reason was because of their displeasure towards the German usurper and his favoritism towards his own kinsmen. Curiously enough, German noblemen from Mecklenburg reportedly entered the service of Haakon during his reign.
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never ceased to pursue his inherited responsibility to reclaim the lost Swedish territories, and would in March 1380 issue letters to prepare for war against the Germans in Sweden. The letters requested that the
678:, to negotiate peace with the Confederation in his absence. The Confederation agreed to a truce, but only on the promise of having Valdemar acknowledge their right to tax exemption on trade across the entire
571:. On 27 February, Haakon issued a proclamation against Albert of Mecklenburg and his supporters, encouraging the local populace to stir up in rebellion against the German usurper. The Norwegian army entered
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In early 1365, Haakon and Magnus assembled a large army in Västergötland, consisting mainly of Norwegians, but also a large number of Swedes from the said province, and marched on the German-held city of
742:, succeeding his grandfather. The election proved to be a major victory for Haakon and his foreign ambitions, curtailing the German influence while greatly expanding his own over much of Scandinavia.
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which were held as personal fiefs by Queen Blanche. Because of this, the realm of Magnus was centered in the south-east, up against the important south-Swedish countryside and the Swedish-held
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in which the Danish fleet inflicted a devastating defeat upon the League's fleet. Furthermore, the League was forced to accept a humiliating truce, which eventually led to the unfavourable
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a b c d e f Peter N. Stearns, William Leonard Langer, The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001, p.265,
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Peter N. Stearns, William Leonard Langer, The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001, p.265,
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Nordman, Viljo Adolf in Albrecht Herzog von Mecklenburg König von Schweden, Suomalaisen Tiedeakatemian Tuomituksia B:44:1, Suomalaisen Tiedeakatemia, Helsinki, 1939 p 334.
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Nordman, Viljo Adolf in Albrecht Herzog von Mecklenburg König von Schweden, Suomalaisen Tiedeakatemian Tuomituksia B:44:1, Suomalaisen Tiedeakatemia, Helsinki, 1939 p 336.
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Haakon was raised in Norway, to prepare the young prince to later rule the kingdom in his own right. During the early autumn of 1343, the most prominent members of the
846:, barely reaching the age of forty. He was buried in St. Mary's Church in Oslo. His son succeeded him as the King of Norway with Queen Margaret acting as his regent.
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Realizing the futility in a prolonged and costly war, as well as Haakon's wavering support for the disastrous conflict, Valdemar appointed his friend and advisor,
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15 February 1362. From 1357 Haakon had styled himself "Lord of Sweden", but dropped this title upon his election and styled himself "King of Norway and Sweden".
408:. On 15 August 1343, letters were issued throughout Norway and Sweden stating that the King and the Council had decided to place Haakon on the throne of Norway.
591:, Haakon was again free to turn his attention to Sweden, and launched a successful campaign against the Germans in Sweden. The military campaign ended in the
325:. Olav died childless seven years later, and Haakon's widow proceeded to assert authority over all three Scandinavian kingdoms as their first female monarch.
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peasant conscription to under the direct control of loyal Norwegian lords. His Norwegian predecessor had pursued a domestic policy to establish a functional
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384:, and was considered an acceptable heir to the throne by the Norwegian nobility. Another noteworthy ancestor of Haakon, through his paternal grandfather
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where Haakon and Magnus suffered a devastating defeat and Magnus was captured and taken prisoner by the Germans; which he would remain for six years.
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Throughout the reign of Haakon, the Norwegian military was extensively reformed. The military structure was altered from that of the traditional
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Neville, Cynthia J., Native Lordship in Medieval Scotland: The Earldoms of Strathearn and Lennox, c. 1140-1365, (Portland & Dublin, 2005)
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was a rival king of Sweden in opposition to his father between 1356 and 1359. Haakon and his paternal family belonged to the Swedish
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sole king and ruler over his kingdom was on 22 January 1358, when he sent a letter of approval for the privileges in the city of
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340:'s romanticised painting of Haakon on his mother's knee, singing the children's song "Rida rida ranka, hästen heter Blanka... (
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three years later. The two reigned over Sweden together until 1364, when they were deposed in favor of Magnus' sororal nephew,
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432:. Norway in 1355 was actually partitioned between Haakon and Magnus: Magnus had specifically requested the territories of
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in the process. In 1361, the Hanseatic League's fleet launched a counter-strike at the Danish fleet, culminating in the
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In 1363, former members of the Swedish Council of the Realm, led by Bo Jonsson Grip, arrived at the court in the
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Valdemar was unable to enforce the fragile peace with the Hanseatic cities, and in 1367 the League founded the
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areas, and in 1365 a series of German protests in the city of Bergen eventually forced the Hanseatic office on
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Castle in 1343 and at Båhus Castle in 1344 were later properly ratified in another meeting in the port city of
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Pulsiano, Phillip; Kirsten Wolf (1993). Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 265.
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314:. The marriage, itself a significant element in the Nordic power struggle, resulted in the birth of one son,
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Phillip Pulsiano, Kirsten Wolf, Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia, Taylor & Francis, 1993, p.265,
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In 1361, Valdemar had invaded and conquered the Swedish province of Scania, as well as the two islands of
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before his death in 1332 to Magnus and had been under Swedish rule since. Valdemar in turn would receive
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Our Family History and Ancestry. "Ingeborg Valdemarsdatter, Prinsesse of Denmark". Retrieved 2011-05-05.
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1949:"Hostens WordPress webhotell for åtte kroner månedlig med ti nettsteder og hundre e-post kontoer"
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Margrete Valdemarsdatter" (in Norwegian). Norsk biografisk leksikon. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
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at the ratification meeting in Bergen in 1350. Magnus additionally held the territories of
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in the city to be closed until 1366, which temporarily damaged the trade for the kingdom.
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On 24 May 1370, representatives from the Hanseatic cities, Denmark and Norway signed the
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Albrekt af Meklenburg och Magnus Eriksson, 1364–1371 (Berättelser ur svenska historien )
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Barely a year later, representatives of the cities and the general public assembled at
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http://www.dokpro.uio.no/perl/middelalder/diplom_vise_tekst.prl?b=437&s=n&str=
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and another son of Haakon's aunt Euphemia) in turn suggested his son (their nephew)
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a b c d e f g h i j "Black Death (pandemic)". Britannica.com. Retrieved 2011-07-23.
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Angus MacKay, David Ditchburn, Atlas of Medieval Europe, Routledge, 1997, p.171,
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1900:"The Black Death in Norway". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2008-12-03. Retrieved 2009-03-08.
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Den svenska historien: Medeltid 1319–1520. (Stockholm: Bonniers, 1966) p. 74–83
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through a successful siege. This, in combination with the rebellious nobles in
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Haakon's notification to Finland in 1362 of his election as King of Sweden
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Norge I Union på 1300-tallet Del II. Tapir Forlag. 1992. pp. 480, 533.
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Fletcher Pratt (1950), The Third King, a biography of Valdemar Atterdag
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546:. In 1364, Duke Albert enlisted military support from several powerful
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Upon his death in 1380, Haakon was succeeded by Olav, with Margaret as
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Albrekt of Mecklenburg biography Nordisk Familjebok (1876), p. 371–372
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Sometime during the late summer or early in the autumn Haakon died in
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Den svenska historien: Medeltid 1319-1520. Bonniers (1966), s. 83-86
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Den svenska historien: Medeltid 1319-1520. Bonniers (1966), s. 74-83
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Haakon was born in 1340 (possibly in mid-August), most likely in
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On 24 October 1375, Valdemar succumbed to illness and died at
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and clashed against the Swedish-German army in the disastrous
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Grethe Authén Blom Norsk Historisk Tidskrift Oslo 1981 s. 425
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in Oslo, which is considered the burial place of King Haakon
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Dollinger, Philippe (1999). The German Hansa. Routledge.
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In 1379, Haakon resolved the succession dispute over the
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Valdemar IV of Denmark, Haakon's father-in-law and rival
1386:"Håkon 6 Magnusson (den yngre) – Store norske leksikon"
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Håkon 6 Magnusson – utdypning (Store norske leksikon)
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Olav 4 Håkonsson – utdypning (Store norske leksikon)
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1429:Erik Magnusson – utdypning (Store norske leksikon)
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526:Union arms of Haakon as King of Norway and Sweden
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263:August 1340 – 11 September 1380), also known as
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774:. On 2 August the same year, at Marstrand near
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534:. The Swedish noblemen promptly persuaded Duke
279:to distinguish him from his great-grandfather,
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1420:Ingebjørg Håkonsdatter (Store norske leksikon)
693:A page of Margaret's letter to Haakon, ca 1370
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1882:Margaret of Denmark By Mary Hill. Page 52-55
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1276:"Haakon VI Magnusson | king of Norway"
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3630:
3616:
2734:
2720:
2109:
2095:
1903:
1692:Ulf Sundberg Medeltidens Svenska Krig 2002
1681:
376:in Norway. Haakon was a great-grandson of
27:
3522:
2652:
1921:Karen Larsen, A History of Norway p. 203.
1669:Magnus 7 Eriksson (Store norske leksikon)
1265:
770:, a Norwegian dignity located within the
3478:
3422:
3349:
3107:
3070:
3012:
2599:
2566:
2483:
2418:
1938:
820:
749:
688:
603:
521:
467:
332:
3637:
2149:
816:
3852:
2741:
2116:
517:
463:
395:
380:through his only legitimate daughter,
3611:
2715:
2090:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1151:
1144:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1085:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1025:
1011:
1006:
999:
997:
995:
993:
988:
986:
984:
982:
977:
970:
936:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
884:
879:
872:
870:
868:
866:
864:
862:
860:
858:
856:
1621:"Albrecht 2 – hertug av Mecklenburg"
797:
745:
726:(widower of Margaret's sister older
705:
386:Eric Magnusson, Duke of Södermanland
13:
682:and renewed fishing rights in the
404:attended a meeting with Magnus at
49:15 August 1343 – 11 September 1380
14:
3901:
436:and the Norwegian islands in the
356:, king of Sweden and Norway, and
3875:14th-century Norwegian monarchs
1981:
1972:
1955:
1915:
1894:
1885:
1876:
1867:
1858:
1849:
1819:
1803:
1786:
1716:
1707:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1613:
1604:
1578:
1553:
1542:
1533:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1466:
1460:"Håkon 6 Magnusson (Den yngre)"
788:Maol Íosa V, Earl of Strathearn
784:Henry Sinclair, Baron of Roslin
754:Seal of King Hacon VI of Norway
342:Riding a horse named Blanche...
186:
1476:. 10 July 2020. Archived from
1432:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1396:
849:
402:Norwegian Council of the Realm
286:Haakon was the younger son of
271:from 1343 until his death and
1:
3870:14th-century Swedish monarchs
2759:
532:Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
328:
260:
2937:descendant of Inge the Elder
2881:descendant of Inge the Elder
1259:
600:Foreign policies in the east
277:Haakon Magnusson the Younger
7:
3178:Bengt Jönsson (Oxenstierna)
484:
417:Norwegian Law of Succession
77:Magnus Eriksson (1343-1364)
33:The royal seal of Haakon VI
10:
3906:
3248:Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna
3201:Jöns Bengtsson Oxenstierna
3184:Nils Jönsson (Oxenstierna)
1586:"Margrete Valdemarsdatter"
881:Eric, Duke of Södermanland
368:, which had succeeded the
3828:
3784:
3645:
3572:
3513:
3464:
3399:
3340:
3090:
3061:
3003:
2894:
2796:
2749:
2680:
2637:
2584:
2551:
2468:
2403:
2127:
2075:
2059:
2049:
2040:
2032:
2027:
2000:
1722:Nordberg (2001), p. 91-92
1678:Nordberg (2001), p. 80-85
1507:Nordberg (2001), p. 74-75
1498:Nordberg (2001), p. 72-73
1402:Nordberg (2001), p. 69-72
1211:
1209:
1193:
1191:
1149:
1135:
1119:
1117:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1083:
1075:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1004:
975:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
944:
934:
930:
928:
926:
924:
922:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
877:
499:Christopher II of Denmark
228:
220:
208:
196:
171:
159:
139:
126:
122:
114:
104:
96:
88:
81:
73:
63:
53:
45:
38:
26:
21:
3839:Kristján X (Christian X)
2366:Magnus VI the Law-mender
1248:Albert IV of Mecklenburg
1153:Henry III of Mecklenburg
1008:Albert II of Mecklenburg
649:Confederation of Cologne
536:Albert II of Mecklenburg
306:In 1363, Haakon married
3880:Medieval child monarchs
2639:III. Independent Norway
2322:Haakon II Broadshoulder
165:St. Mary's Church, Oslo
3310:Sten Sture the Younger
3241:Kettil Karlsson (Vasa)
3224:Kettil Karlsson (Vasa)
3167:Christopher of Bavaria
2553:II. Independent Norway
1891:Nordberg (2001), p. 81
1713:Nordberg (2001), p. 90
1610:Nordberg (2001), p. 80
1539:Nordberg (2001), p. 77
1530:a b c d Etting, p. 12.
1516:Nordberg (2001), p. 76
990:Valdemar IV of Denmark
830:
755:
694:
609:
527:
491:Valdemar IV of Denmark
473:
345:
312:Valdemar IV of Denmark
256:
248:
3786:Possession of Denmark
2337:Haakon III Sverresson
2310:Eystein II Haraldsson
2285:Sigurd I the Crusader
2134:Foreign and non-royal
2129:I. Independent Norway
1139:Margaret I of Denmark
824:
753:
734:as a rival claimant.
692:
630:Treaty of Vordingborg
626:Battle of Helsingborg
607:
525:
493:'s younger daughter,
471:
336:
297:Albert of Mecklenburg
283:(reigned 1299–1319).
3647:Possession of Norway
3289:Sten Sture the Elder
3272:Sten Sture the Elder
3171:House of Wittelsbach
2354:Haakon IV Haakonsson
2255:Magnus II Haraldsson
2142:monarchs in brackets
1559:a b c Etting, p. 13.
1347:. 27 September 2021.
817:Later life and death
724:Henry of Mecklenburg
581:Battle of Gataskogen
508:Copenhagen Cathedral
360:. His older brother
130:possibly August 1340
3639:Monarchs of Iceland
2962:Sverker the Younger
2573:Christian Frederick
2386:Haakon VI Magnusson
2381:Magnus VII Ericsson
2327:Magnus V Erlingsson
2295:Magnus IV the Blind
2280:Eystein I Magnusson
2270:Magnus III Barefoot
2250:Harald III Hardrada
2172:Harald II Greycloak
1588:. 25 February 2020.
1345:"Håkon 6 Magnusson"
1146:Ingeborg of Denmark
1133:Haakon VI of Norway
979:Magnus IV of Sweden
772:Kingdom of Scotland
699:Treaty of Stralsund
518:Rebellion in Sweden
464:Accession in Sweden
396:Accession in Norway
178:Margaret of Denmark
3830:Kingdom of Iceland
3320:House of Oldenburg
3282:House of Oldenburg
3255:Erik Axelsson Tott
3217:House of Oldenburg
3207:Erik Axelsson Tott
3119:House of Estridsen
2933:House of Estridsen
2923:Eric "IX" the Holy
2877:House of Estridsen
2868:Ragnvald Knaphövde
2743:Monarchs of Sweden
2391:Olaf IV Haakonsson
2376:Haakon V Magnusson
2343:Guttorm Sigurdsson
2265:Haakon Toresfostre
1233:Olaf II of Denmark
1127:Eric XII of Sweden
1001:Euphemia of Sweden
874:Ingeborg of Norway
831:
756:
695:
610:
593:Siege of Stockholm
528:
503:Helsingborg Castle
474:
378:Haakon V of Norway
372:in Sweden and the
346:
203:Olaf II of Denmark
143:September 11, 1380
3847:
3846:
3605:
3604:
3581:Norwegian monarch
3576:Lineage uncertain
3568:
3567:
3509:
3508:
3460:
3459:
3395:
3394:
3336:
3335:
3154:House of Griffins
3137:House of Griffins
3127:House of Griffins
3086:
3085:
3057:
3056:
2999:
2998:
2938:
2917:Sverker the Elder
2890:
2889:
2882:
2806:c. 1060 – c. 1130
2792:
2791:
2709:
2708:
2676:
2675:
2633:
2632:
2586:Union with Sweden
2580:
2579:
2547:
2546:
2464:
2463:
2399:
2398:
2371:Eric II Magnusson
2332:Sverre Sigurdsson
2316:Magnus Haraldsson
2305:Inge I Haraldsson
2245:Magnus I the Good
2214:Olaf II the Saint
2202:Eiríkr Hákonarson
2190:Olaf I Tryggvason
2184:Haakon Sigurdsson
2167:Haakon I the Good
2157:Harald I Fairhair
2143:
2085:
2084:
2076:Succeeded by
2050:Succeeded by
2022:September 11 1380
1474:"The Middle Ages"
1257:
1256:
827:St. Mary's Church
798:Military policies
768:Earldom of Orkney
746:Domestic policies
706:Danish succession
424:as late as 1350.
238:
237:
3897:
3632:
3625:
3618:
3609:
3608:
3530:Charles XIV John
3520:
3519:
3476:
3475:
3466:Holstein-Gottorp
3430:Charles X Gustav
3420:
3419:
3416:
3347:
3346:
3105:
3104:
3068:
3067:
3010:
3009:
2936:
2907:
2906:
2880:
2863:Inge the Younger
2803:
2802:
2761:
2756:
2755:
2736:
2729:
2722:
2713:
2712:
2650:
2649:
2611:Charles III John
2597:
2596:
2564:
2563:
2481:
2480:
2416:
2415:
2360:Haakon the Young
2349:Inge II Bårdsson
2208:Sweyn Haakonsson
2178:Harald Bluetooth
2147:
2146:
2133:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2088:
2087:
2033:Preceded by
2023:
2016:
2002:Haakon Magnusson
1998:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1970:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1951:. 20 April 2017.
1945:
1936:
1933:
1922:
1919:
1913:
1910:
1901:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1865:
1862:
1856:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1833:
1823:
1817:
1807:
1801:
1790:
1784:
1774:
1765:
1755:
1744:
1734:
1723:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1705:
1702:
1693:
1690:
1679:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1634:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1623:. 18 March 2021.
1617:
1611:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1590:
1589:
1582:
1576:
1573:
1560:
1557:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1517:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1456:
1439:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1388:. Archived from
1382:
1349:
1348:
1341:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1160:Albert of Sweden
972:Blanche of Namur
854:
853:
676:Henning Podebusk
589:Hanseatic League
514:power struggle.
358:Blanche of Namur
262:
233:Blanche of Namur
190:
188:
146:
31:
19:
18:
3905:
3904:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3885:House of Bjälbo
3850:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3824:
3780:
3641:
3636:
3606:
3601:
3564:
3560:Carl XVI Gustaf
3555:Gustaf VI Adolf
3505:
3496:Gustav IV Adolf
3486:Adolf Frederick
3456:
3445:Ulrika Eleonora
3410:
3409:
3402:
3391:
3382:Gustav II Adolf
3332:
3101:
3099:
3082:
3053:
2995:
2886:
2807:
2788:
2774:Olof Skötkonung
2745:
2740:
2710:
2705:
2701:Swedish monarch
2695:English monarch
2672:
2648:
2629:
2595:
2576:
2562:
2543:
2479:
2460:
2414:
2395:
2290:Harald IV Gille
2226:Haakon Ericsson
2196:Sweyn Forkbeard
2162:Eric I Bloodaxe
2141:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2123:
2115:
2081:
2071:Magnus Eriksson
2067:
2065:
2055:
2046:
2038:
2036:Magnus Eriksson
2017:
2011:
2010:
2007:House of Bjälbo
2003:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1973:
1960:
1956:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1934:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1836:
1824:
1820:
1808:
1804:
1791:
1787:
1775:
1768:
1756:
1747:
1735:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1696:
1691:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1593:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1574:
1563:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1483:
1481:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1462:. 20 July 2005.
1458:
1457:
1442:
1438:Kings of Norway
1437:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1384:
1383:
1352:
1343:
1342:
1283:
1274:
1273:
1266:
1262:
852:
819:
800:
786:(a grandson of
748:
708:
602:
520:
487:
466:
398:
374:House of Sverre
366:House of Bjälbo
354:Magnus Eriksson
338:Albert Edelfelt
331:
301:Bo Jonsson Grip
288:Magnus Eriksson
265:Håkan Magnusson
224:Magnus Eriksson
215:House of Bjälbo
192:
189: 1363)
184:
180:
167:
148:
144:
131:
118:Magnus Eriksson
100:Magnus Eriksson
58:Magnus Eriksson
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3903:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3835:
3833:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3815:Frederick VIII
3812:
3807:
3802:
3800:Christian VIII
3797:
3791:
3789:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3652:
3650:
3643:
3642:
3635:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3612:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3597:king of Poland
3593:
3591:Danish monarch
3583:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3526:
3524:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3473:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3417:
3397:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3353:
3351:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3323:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3296:Svante Nilsson
3292:
3285:
3275:
3268:
3265:House of Bonde
3258:
3251:
3244:
3237:
3234:House of Bonde
3227:
3220:
3210:
3197:
3194:House of Bonde
3187:
3174:
3164:
3161:Charles (VIII)
3157:
3147:
3144:Charles (VIII)
3140:
3130:
3111:
3109:
3102:
3094:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3065:
3059:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2986:
2981:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2945:
2940:
2926:
2919:
2913:
2911:
2910:c. 1130 – 1250
2904:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2870:
2865:
2856:
2854:Inge the Elder
2851:
2846:
2844:Inge the Elder
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2811:
2809:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2765:
2763:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2739:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2689:Danish monarch
2685:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2654:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2568:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2485:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2470:Denmark–Norway
2466:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2300:Sigurd II Munn
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2275:Olav Magnusson
2272:
2267:
2262:
2260:Olaf III Kyrre
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2232:Sweyn Knutsson
2216:
2211:
2192:
2187:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2144:
2125:
2124:
2114:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2091:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2074:
2062:King of Sweden
2057:
2056:
2051:
2048:
2043:King of Norway
2039:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2028:Regnal titles
2025:
2024:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1980:
1971:
1954:
1937:
1923:
1914:
1902:
1893:
1884:
1875:
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1603:
1591:
1577:
1561:
1552:
1541:
1532:
1518:
1509:
1500:
1491:
1480:on 3 June 2012
1465:
1440:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1404:
1395:
1392:on 2013-09-27.
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905:
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901:
899:
897:
895:
892:
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886:
885:
883:
878:
876:
871:
869:
867:
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
851:
848:
818:
815:
799:
796:
780:Earl of Orkney
747:
744:
707:
704:
601:
598:
519:
516:
486:
483:
465:
462:
406:Varberg Castle
397:
394:
390:Magnus Ladulås
330:
327:
310:, daughter of
273:King of Sweden
269:King of Norway
236:
235:
230:
226:
225:
222:
218:
217:
212:
206:
205:
200:
194:
193:
182:
176:
175:
173:
169:
168:
163:
161:
157:
156:
147:(aged 40)
141:
137:
136:
128:
124:
123:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
83:King of Sweden
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
47:
43:
42:
40:King of Norway
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
16:King of Norway
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3902:
3891:
3890:Sons of kings
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3805:Frederick VII
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3783:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3771:Christian VII
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3746:Frederick III
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3731:Christian III
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3701:Christopher I
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
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3425:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3408:
3404:
3398:
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3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
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3355:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3266:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3050:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2957:Knut Eriksson
2955:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2934:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2920:
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2902:
2897:
2893:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2835:Håkan the Red
2833:
2831:
2830:Anund Gårdske
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2820:Eric and Eric
2818:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2785:
2784:Emund the Old
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2762:970 – c. 1060
2757:
2754:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2737:
2732:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2702:
2698:
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2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
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2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2627:
2624:
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2614:
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2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
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2574:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2535:Christian VII
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2510:Frederick III
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:Christian III
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2458:
2455:
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2328:
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2303:
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2268:
2266:
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2256:
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2248:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2227:
2222:
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2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2145:
2139:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2112:
2107:
2105:
2100:
2098:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2080:
2073:
2072:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2045:
2044:
2037:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2014:
2009:
2008:
1999:
1990:
1984:
1975:
1968:
1967:82-519-1117-6
1964:
1958:
1950:
1944:
1942:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1918:
1909:
1907:
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1832:
1831:0-415-01923-0
1828:
1822:
1816:
1815:0-395-65237-5
1812:
1806:
1799:
1798:0-8240-4787-7
1795:
1789:
1783:
1782:0-415-19072-X
1779:
1773:
1771:
1764:
1763:0-8240-4787-7
1760:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1743:
1742:0-395-65237-5
1739:
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1719:
1710:
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1699:
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1639:
1630:
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1598:
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1550:
1545:
1536:
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1513:
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1479:
1475:
1469:
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1417:
1408:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1379:
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1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1346:
1340:
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1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
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1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1264:
1254:
1249:
1234:
1218:
1216:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1049:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1002:
991:
980:
973:
969:
966:
942:
940:
939:
932:
920:
918:
906:
904:
893:
890:
888:
887:
882:
875:
855:
847:
845:
840:
837:
828:
823:
814:
811:
810:civil service
807:
806:
795:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
764:
761:
758:In 1349, the
752:
743:
741:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
703:
700:
691:
687:
685:
681:
677:
674:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
650:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
606:
597:
594:
590:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
564:
562:
558:
554:
553:Västergötland
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
524:
515:
513:
509:
504:
500:
496:
492:
482:
480:
470:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
425:
423:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
370:House of Eric
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
343:
339:
335:
326:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
293:
289:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
234:
231:
227:
223:
219:
216:
213:
211:
207:
204:
201:
199:
195:
179:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
155:
151:
142:
138:
135:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
48:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
3810:Christian IX
3795:Frederick VI
3776:Frederick VI
3761:Christian VI
3756:Frederick IV
3741:Christian IV
3736:Frederick II
3721:Christian II
3680:
3501:Charles XIII
3449:
3413:Hesse-Kassel
3411:
3407:Wittelsbach)
3325:
3316:Christian II
3308:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3270:
3261:Charles VIII
3253:
3246:
3239:
3230:Charles VIII
3222:
3205:
3199:
3190:Charles VIII
3182:
3176:
3159:
3142:
3095:
3092:Kalmar Union
2988:
2976:
2921:
2899:
2540:Frederick VI
2525:Christian VI
2520:Frederick IV
2505:Christian IV
2500:Frederick II
2457:Christian II
2439:
2405:Kalmar Union
2385:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2182:
2176:
2137:
2068:
2060:
2041:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1989:"noregur.is"
1983:
1974:
1957:
1917:
1896:
1887:
1878:
1869:
1860:
1851:
1821:
1805:
1788:
1718:
1709:
1674:
1665:
1656:
1647:
1638:
1629:
1615:
1606:
1580:
1555:
1544:
1535:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1482:. Retrieved
1478:the original
1468:
1434:
1425:
1416:
1407:
1398:
1390:the original
841:
835:
832:
804:
801:
792:
765:
757:
736:
712:Gurre Castle
709:
696:
684:Danish Sound
670:
646:
611:
585:
565:
548:North German
529:
488:
475:
452:and most of
426:
413:Båhus Castle
410:
399:
347:
341:
320:
305:
285:
276:
264:
240:
239:
145:(1380-09-11)
3865:1380 deaths
3860:1340 births
3832:(1918–1944)
3820:Christian X
3788:(1814–1918)
3766:Frederick V
3751:Christian V
3726:Frederick I
3711:Christian I
3649:(1262–1814)
3451:Frederick I
3440:Charles XII
3403:Zweibrücken
3401:Palatinate-
3303:Eric Trolle
3213:Christian I
3063:Mecklenburg
2943:Charles VII
2779:Anund Jacob
2530:Frederick V
2515:Christian V
2490:Frederick I
2447:Christian I
2435:Christopher
2118:Monarchs of
850:Family tree
760:Black Death
392:of Sweden.
97:Predecessor
54:Predecessor
3854:Categories
3691:Margaret I
3676:Magnus VII
3540:Charles XV
3523:since 1818
3515:Bernadotte
3491:Gustav III
3435:Charles XI
3377:Charles IX
3327:Gustav (I)
3040:Eric "XII"
3025:Magnus III
2984:Knut Långe
2849:Blot-Sweyn
2769:Eric "VII"
2659:Haakon VII
2653:Since 1905
2621:Charles IV
2606:Charles II
2140:, disputed
2136:rulers in
2047:1343–1380
680:Baltic Sea
658:Copenhagen
460:province.
434:Hålogaland
388:, is King
329:Early life
3706:Charles I
3681:Haakon VI
3661:Magnus VI
3656:Haakon IV
3587:Norwegian
3479:1751–1818
3470:Oldenburg
3423:1654–1751
3387:Christina
3372:Sigismund
3350:1523–1654
3150:Eric XIII
3133:Eric XIII
3123:Eric XIII
3108:1389–1523
3071:1364–1389
3045:Magnus IV
3035:Magnus IV
3013:1250–1364
2990:Eric "XI"
2978:Eric "XI"
2929:Magnus II
2808:1160–1161
2600:1814–1905
2567:Only 1814
2484:1524–1814
2441:Charles I
2419:1387–1523
2066:1362–1364
1260:Citations
825:Ruins of
673:Rigsdrost
668:in 1368.
569:Stockholm
489:In 1359,
438:North Sea
245:Norwegian
241:Haakon VI
105:Successor
92:1362–1364
64:Successor
22:Haakon VI
3696:Eric III
3671:Haakon V
3550:Gustaf V
3545:Oscar II
3367:John III
3362:Eric XIV
3357:Gustav I
3115:Margaret
3098:indicate
3020:Valdemar
2967:Eric "X"
2952:Boleslaw
2873:Magnus I
2669:Harald V
2626:Oscar II
2430:Eric III
2425:Margaret
2150:872–1387
776:Tønsberg
740:Slagelse
728:Ingeborg
577:Västerås
575:through
561:Värmland
557:Dalsland
540:Euphemia
495:Margaret
485:Marriage
454:Bohuslän
442:Tønsberg
382:Ingeborg
308:Margaret
281:Haakon V
115:Co-ruler
74:Co-ruler
3686:Olaf IV
3666:Eric II
3535:Oscar I
3278:John II
3100:regents
3096:Italics
2898:·
2896:Sverker
2840:Halsten
2825:Halsten
2815:Stenkil
2798:Stenkil
2616:Oscar I
2238:Ælfgifu
2138:italics
2053:Olav IV
836:leidang
805:leidang
716:Zealand
662:Jutland
642:Bryggen
618:Gotland
573:Uppland
479:Uppsala
253:Swedish
191:
183:
132:Likely
68:Olaf IV
3716:John I
3078:Albert
3049:Haakon
3030:Birger
3005:Bjälbo
2972:John I
2859:Philip
2684:Regent
2664:Olav V
2229:&
2223:&
2205:&
2199:&
2181:&
2121:Norway
2079:Albert
2018:
1965:
1829:
1813:
1796:
1780:
1761:
1740:
1484:8 June
732:Albert
666:Easter
638:Baltic
634:Nordic
544:Albert
512:Nordic
458:Scania
450:Borgar
422:Bergen
350:Sweden
323:regent
267:, was
229:Mother
221:Father
172:Spouse
160:Burial
154:Norway
134:Sweden
109:Albert
3595:Also
3585:Also
3579:Also
2751:Munsö
2699:Also
2693:Also
2687:Also
2069:with
2020:Died:
2013:Born:
782:upon
654:Agder
622:Visby
614:Öland
446:Skien
257:Håkan
249:Håkon
210:House
198:Issue
185:(
181:
89:Reign
46:Reign
3589:and
3342:Vasa
3121:) /
2901:Eric
2452:John
2220:Cnut
2015:1340
1963:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1811:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1778:ISBN
1759:ISBN
1738:ISBN
1486:2012
844:Oslo
720:Olav
636:and
616:and
559:and
444:and
430:Oslo
362:Eric
316:Olav
292:Eric
150:Oslo
140:Died
127:Born
2948:Kol
714:in
3856::
3204:/
3181:/
3047:/
2950:/
2935:,
2879:,
2861:/
2842:/
2760:c.
1940:^
1926:^
1905:^
1837:^
1769:^
1748:^
1727:^
1697:^
1683:^
1594:^
1564:^
1521:^
1443:^
1353:^
1284:^
1267:^
563:.
555:,
344:)"
261:c.
259:;
255::
251:,
247::
187:m.
152:,
3631:e
3624:t
3617:v
3472:)
3468:(
3405:(
3322:)
3318:(
3284:)
3280:(
3267:)
3263:(
3236:)
3232:(
3219:)
3215:(
3196:)
3192:(
3173:)
3169:(
3156:)
3152:(
3139:)
3135:(
3129:)
3125:(
3117:(
2939:)
2931:(
2883:)
2875:(
2735:e
2728:t
2721:v
2362:)
2358:(
2345:)
2341:(
2318:)
2314:(
2241:)
2235:(
2110:e
2103:t
2096:v
1991:.
1969:.
1800:.
1488:.
1278:.
243:(
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