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487:'s ninth-born child and third son, and Maria Beatrice were engaged, and the former was designated by Francis III as heir for the imperial investiture as Duke of Modena and Reggio in the event of extinction of the Este male line. In the meantime, Francis would cover the office of governor of Milan ad interim, which was destined for the archduke.
615:, with certain conditions, including that the heir and future heirs use the style of Austria Este and learn Italian, and that the House of Austria-Este never be reabsorbed into the mother House of Austria, passing if necessary to a new cadet branch of the latter. Since Francis Ferdinand was the heir apparent of
569:
as the legitimate heir of
Archduke Ferdinand, his father, in turn held to be the legal successor of Ercole III. The Imperial fiefs in Lunigiana, which were not re-established, were also bestowed upon Maria Beatrice, but she almost immediately handed them over to her son Francis IV with an agreement
498:
as provided for the second male heir of the imperial couple, and the treaties had to be revised. In 1763, in spite of the harsh opposition of Maria
Beatrice's father, the two families agreed to simply replace the name of Leopold with that of Maria Theresa's fourteenth child,
570:
in
December 1815. When she died in 1829, she too was succeeded as ruler of Massa and Carrara by Francis IV, who in a few years completely assimilated her ancient Tuscan domains within the 'Este States' (Stati Estensi), as his Duchy was officially styled.
642:
and, according to the terms of the secundogeniture, could not combine the
Austria-Este inheritance with that of the main line of the House of Habsburg, i.e., the Austro-Hungarian Empire; but he was assassinated 28 June 1914 in
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excluded her, as a woman, from the succession to her father, while she was entitled to succeed her mother since it was derogated in the Duchy of Massa and
Carrara by virtue of a 1529 decree of the Emperor
371:
346:
414:. After the death of Ercole III in 1803, the Modena ruling branch of the Este family's male line ended, and the Habsburg-Este line subsequently inherited his possessions in what is now
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675:, Robert happened to be a descendant of Maria Beatrice of Este as well, and thus the blood of the last Este dukes was also reunited with the name Austria-Este.
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ratified
Ferdinand's future investiture and, in October, Maria Beatrice and he finally got married in Milan, thus giving rise to the new House of Austria-Este.
603:, but, as women continued to be excluded from the right to inherit within the Habsburgs, the succession was carried out by will, in favour of a male relative.
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Ercole III finally ascended the throne in 1780 upon the death of
Francis III, but was deposed in 1796 by the French. His States were transformed into the
707:
679:
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The House of
Austria-Este was to rule Modena until 1859. In that year the Este States lost its independence and was incorporated into the newly united
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is heritable by females (and males no longer have precedence over females), Princess Astrid is an heir of
Belgium immediately after the issue of King
534:. In December of that same year, Ferdinand died without ever having had the opportunity to exercise his prerogatives as heir to the Este States.
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as a vacant imperial fief. Thus, in 1753, two simultaneous treaties (one public and one secret) were concluded between the House of Este and the
491:
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Maria
Beatrice had succeeded her mother as Duchess of Massa and Carrara in 1790, but she too had been deposed by the French invasion in 1796.
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Francis V, who was very attached to his Este ancestry, decided to try to preserve it and left most of his huge estate to his young cousin
706:. The children of the couple are, since 1991, titled Archduke (Archduchess) of Austria and Prince(ss) of Belgium. The eldest of these is
471:, set out to prevent Modena from suffering the same fate as Ferrara almost two centuries earlier, simply being reincorporated into the
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in southwestern Germany, and when he died in 1803, it passed to his son-in-law, who in 1806 lost it to the enlarged and elevated
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on 20 November 1875, his family became extinct in the male line. His closest blood relative was his niece, Archduchess
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Although the first heir, Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1863-1914), was not a descendant of the last Este scion,
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702:. As such, her husband Archduke Lorenz of Austria-Este, was in 1995 elevated to the additional title of
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When it became obvious that the princely couple would not produce a large offspring, the reigning Duke,
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in 1840, he was considered the legitimate heir to the English and Scottish thrones by the
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during the Napoleonic reorganization of the western territories of the defunct
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Francis V withdrew to his estates in Austria. After the death of his mother
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conferring the name, arms and patrimony of Austria-Este on his second son,
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before becoming emperor. Because Franz Ferdinand's children were born in
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503:, who was four years younger than his betrothed. In January 1771 the
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549:, in accordance with the 'principle of legitimacy' advocated by
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XVI. "Haus Österreich". C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp. 90-92.
655:), on 16 April 1917 his legal dynastic heir, the new Emperor
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Politische Chronik der Österreichisch-ungarischen monarchie
522:. Ercole was compensated with the small principality of
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line. It was created in 1771 with the marriage between
831:, (Gotha: Justus Perthes, 1944), pp. 50-52, (French).
885:
Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser
557:, Maria Beatrice was restored as sovereign of the
183:Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este
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60:for 'The right hand of the Lord has exalted me')
686:, succeeded him in that role. He is married to
667:, and his future issue according to masculine
257:King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland
708:Prince Amedeo of Belgium, Archduke of Austria
627:" title within the Austrian imperial family.
942:1771 establishments in the Habsburg monarchy
490:In 1761, however, following the death of an
857:"ANNO, Wiener Zeitung, 1917-05-05, Seite 1"
659:, as head of the House of Habsburg, issued
514:, which one year later was merged into the
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559:Duchy of Massa and Principality of Carrara
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592:(with the regnal title King Francis I).
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802:List of Dukes of Ferrara and of Modena
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239:Duke of Massa and Prince of Carrara
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357:) and holder of the title of
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445:Duchess of Massa and Carrara
152:; 253 years ago
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53:Dextera Domini exaltavit me
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406:, only daughter of the
367:Arciduca d'Austria-Este
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694:. Since the throne of
621:Emperor Francis Joseph
617:Archduke Charles Louis
496:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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33:House of Habsburg-Este
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673:Zita of Bourbon-Parma
671:. Through his mother
632:Duchess Mary Beatrice
595:When Francis died in
561:in 1815, and her son
545:After the end of the
404:Maria Beatrice d'Este
342:House of Austria-Este
340:), also known as the
173:Maria Beatrice d'Este
36:House of Austria-Este
692:Albert II of Belgium
657:Charles I of Austria
528:Grand Duchy of Baden
443:, and the sovereign
355:Haus Österreich-Este
700:Philippe of Belgium
649:morganatic marriage
338:Casa d'Asburgo-Este
320:Annexation of Italy
653:House of Hohenberg
555:Congress of Vienna
518:and then into the
516:Cisalpine Republic
512:Cispadane Republic
893:978-3-7980-0824-3
825:Almanach de Gotha
704:Prince of Belgium
532:Holy Roman Empire
412:Ercole III d'Este
361:of Austria-Este (
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917:(in French)
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745:(1779–1846)
730:(1754–1806)
469:Francis III
252:(1847–1859)
243:(1829–1859)
234:(1815–1859)
225:(1814–1859)
189:Final ruler
926:Categories
866:2023-10-09
808:References
563:Francis IV
551:Metternich
483:, Empress
441:Ercole III
307:Deposition
590:Jacobites
579:Francis V
462:Charles V
457:Salic law
372:‹See Tfd›
347:‹See Tfd›
202:Current:
796:See also
645:Sarajevo
524:Breisgau
396:cognatic
382:), is a
359:Archduke
274:Style(s)
216:Former:
696:Belgium
553:at the
427:Origins
422:History
394:in the
363:Italian
334:Italian
312: (
290:Majesty
165:Founder
155: (
147:Founded
109:Belgium
104:Austria
97:Country
77:agnatic
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597:Vienna
577:, and
473:Empire
376:German
351:German
199:Titles
87:enatic
651:(see
416:Italy
297:Grace
114:Italy
58:Latin
49:Motto
889:ISBN
402:and
328:The
314:1859
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171:and
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150:1771
83:Este
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