100:
9338:
29:
111:
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541:
643:
Kong and Macau is entirely within China's sovereign right and do not at all fall under the ordinary category of colonial territories. Consequently, they should not be included in the list of colonial territories covered by the declaration on the granting of independence to colonial territories and people. With regard to the questions of Hong Kong and Macau, the
Chinese government has consistently held that they should be settled in an appropriate way when conditions are ripe.
9326:
1024:
4119:
2817:(2014) that stressed the sense of loss and alienation represented by survivors in an apocalyptic Hong Kong. Chan infuses a political agenda in the film by playing on Hong Kongers' collective anxiety towards communist China. Yiman Wang has argued that America has viewed China through the prisms of films from Shanghai and Hong Kong, with a recent emphasis on futuristic disaster films set in Hong Kong after the transfer goes awry.
9362:
3323:, stated at a news conference on August 15, 1983: 'We consider the so-called Hong Kong treaties to be unequal. But it is a fact that the treaties exist. Moreover, it is clearly written that the expiration date is June 30, 1997. Therefore, we do not intend to bring forward or postpone this date. We will recover Hong Kong on July 1, 1997. As far as China is concerned, our attitude is one of respect for history.'
4133:
1479:. The Provisional Legislative Council reverted most of the Patten's reform, by resuming appointed seats to the District Councils, Urban Council and Regional Council, reintroducing corporate voting in some functional constituencies, narrowing the franchise of the nine new functional constituencies to about 20,000 voters, and changed the "single seat, single constituency" method to the
1459:(PWC) on 16 July 1993. Although it was seen by some that such a body was necessary in order to prepare for the transition of sovereignty, the row over the Patten proposals enabled Beijing to issue a warning that unilateral action would result in the setting-up of a "second stove" and, when it was formed, to say it was an unfortunate product of British confrontation.
561:
be turned into opium, which the
Chinese highly desired, but their laws prohibited. So the British plan was to grow poppies in India, convert it into opium, smuggle the opium into China and trade it for tea, and sell the tea back in Britain. The illegal opium trade was highly successful, and the drug was very profitably smuggled into China in extremely large volumes.
4094:
5236:
4120:"How Mrs Thatcher Lost Hong Kong: Ten years ago, fired up by her triumph in the Falklands war, Margaret Thatcher flew to Peking for a last-ditch attempt to keep Hong Kong under British rule – only to meet her match in Deng Xiaoping. Two years later she signed the agreement handing the territory to China"
3393:
on
September 24, 1982. The Chinese Premier had held talks with her before this meeting. And Chinese leaders formally informed the British side that the Chinese Government had decided to recover all of the Hong Kong region in 1997. Also, China offered assurances that it would initiate special policies
951:
Shortly before the initiation of sovereignty talks, Governor Youde declared his intention to represent the population of Hong Kong at the negotiations. This statement sparked a strong response from the PRC, prompting Deng
Xiaoping to denounce talk of "the so-called 'three-legged stool", which implied
642:
The questions of Hong Kong and Macau belong to the category of questions resulting from the series of unequal treaties which the imperialists imposed on China. Hong Kong and Macau are part of
Chinese territory occupied by the British and Portuguese authorities. The settlement of the questions of Hong
2038:
From 2012, secondary education moved away from the
English model of 6 years secondary schooling plus two years of university matriculation to the Chinese model of three years of junior secondary plus another three years of senior secondary, while university education was extended from three years to
1223:
In
December 2021, Beijing released a document titled "Hong Kong Democratic Progress Under the Framework of One Country, Two Systems", the second such white paper on Hong Kong affairs since 2014. It stated that the central government will work with "all social groups, sectors and stakeholders towards
1084:
In the letter, she expressed
Britain's willingness to explore arrangements optimising the future prospects of Hong Kong while utilising the PRC's proposals as a foundation. Furthermore, and perhaps most significantly, she expressed Britain's concession on its position of a continued British presence
1076:
Governor Youde with nine members of the Hong Kong
Executive Council travelled to London to discuss with Thatcher the crisis of confidence – the problem with morale among the people of Hong Kong arising from the ruination of the Sino-British talks. The session concluded with Thatcher's
618:
Despite the finite nature of the New
Territories lease, this portion of the colony was developed just as rapidly as, and became highly integrated with, the rest of Hong Kong. As the end of the lease approached, and by the time of serious negotiations over the future status of Hong Kong in the 1980s,
1178:
principle agreed between the United Kingdom and the People's Republic of China, the socialist system of the People's Republic of China would not be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), and Hong Kong's previous capitalist system and its way of life would remain unchanged
560:
By the 1820s and 1830s, the British had conquered parts of India and had intentions of growing cotton in these lands to offset the amount of cotton they were buying from America. When this endeavour failed, the British realised they could grow poppies at an incredible rate. These poppies could then
1088:
Two rounds of negotiations were held in October and November. On the sixth round of talks in November, Britain formally conceded its intentions of either maintaining a British administration in Hong Kong or seeking some form of co-administration with the PRC, and showed its sincerity in discussing
683:
MacLehose's visit to the PRC raised the curtain on the issue of Hong Kong's sovereignty: Britain was made aware of the PRC's intent to resume sovereignty over Hong Kong, and began to make arrangements accordingly to ensure the sustenance of her interests within the territory, as well as initiating
1362:, James DeBates, was suspended after his wife was arrested for the smuggling of Chinese migrants into the United States. The previous year, his predecessor, Jerry Stuchiner, had been arrested for smuggling forged Honduran passports into the territory before being sentenced to 40 months in prison.
913:
During talks with Thatcher, China planned to seize Hong Kong if the negotiations set off unrest in the colony. Thatcher later said that Deng told her bluntly that China could easily take Hong Kong by force, stating that "I could walk in and take the whole lot this afternoon", to which she replied
1444:
became the last governor of Hong Kong. This was regarded as a turning point in Hong Kong's history. Unlike his predecessors, Patten was not a diplomat, but a career politician and former Member of Parliament. He introduced democratic reforms which pushed PRC–British relations to a standstill and
979:
The conflict that arose at that point of the negotiations ended the possibility of further negotiation. During the reception of former British Prime Minister Edward Heath during his sixth visit to the PRC, Deng Xiaoping commented on the impossibility of exchanging sovereignty for administration,
2751:
being the most prominent of these), their economies are insubstantial. Demographically, they are also tiny compared to Britain, with a collective population of less than 0.4% of Britain's 2017 population of 66 million. As of 2018, the combined population of Britain's remaining fourteen Overseas
910:, would recover the entirety of the New Territories, Kowloon and Hong Kong Island. China considered treaties about Hong Kong as unequal and ultimately refused to accept any outcome that would indicate permanent loss of sovereignty over Hong Kong's area, whatever wording the former treaties had.
2505:
The communist press published stories that the project was an evil plan to bleed Hong Kong dry before the handover, leaving the territory in serious debt. After three years of negotiations, Britain and the PRC finally reached an agreement over the construction of the new airport, and signed a
1171:, Kowloon, and the New Territories) with effect from 1 July 1997 and the United Kingdom Government declared that it would restore Hong Kong to the PRC with effect from 1 July 1997. In the document, the People's Republic of China Government also declared its basic policies regarding Hong Kong.
917:
After her visit with Deng in Beijing, Thatcher was received in Hong Kong as the first British Prime Minister to set foot on the territory whilst in office. At a press conference, Thatcher re-emphasised the validity of the three treaties, asserting the need for countries to respect treaties on
672:
In response to concerns over land leases in the New Territories, MacLehose proposed that British administration of the whole of Hong Kong, as opposed to sovereignty, be allowed to continue after 1997. He also proposed that contracts include the phrase "for so long as the Crown administers the
2549:
Britain quickly went back on this unofficial part of the agreement, attacking Kowloon Walled City in 1899, only to find it deserted. They did nothing with it, or the outpost, and thus posed the question of Kowloon Walled City's ownership squarely up in the air. The outpost consisted of a
3490:"邵玉銘說:香港九七年後若不能高度自治港台關係起變化,認為中國大陸收回香港進退兩難,內部產生矛盾人民要求資本主義" [Shaw Yu-ming: Hong Kong-Taiwan relations could change if Hong Kong can't enjoy high degree of autonomy after '97; dilema for Chinese Mainland to recover Hong Kong; internal conflicts arose as people demands capitalism.].
470:) was seldom used by a minority of pro-Beijing politicians, lawyers and newspapers during Sino-British negotiations in 1983 to 1984, only, of its Chinese translation, to become mainstream in Hong Kong at latest in early 1997. A similar phrase "return of Hong Kong to the motherland" (
998:
publicly associated the economic uncertainty with the instability of the political climate. In response, the PRC government condemned Britain through the press for "playing the economic card" in order to achieve their ends: to intimidate the PRC into conceding to British demands.
493:
exercised sovereignty over Hong Kong after ceding it, nor the British therefore did, and hence the transfer of sovereignty to China from Britain is not logically possible. As no consensus reached on the sovereignty transferring, the Chinese stated "to recover the Hong Kong area"
1107:
instead. The PRC took this as yet another plot by the British. The Hong Kong government explained that it had been informed about the move only a few days before the announcement. The government would not and could not stop the company from making a business decision.
2692:), Hong Kong was by far the most populous and economically potent. In 1997 the colony had a population of approximately 6.5 million, which represented roughly 97% of the population of the British Dependent Territories as a whole at that time (the next largest,
2077:, before elections were held to a new Council, in which only 20 out of 60 seats were directly elected. The decision to dissolve the Legislative Council and replace it with a Provisional Legislative Council was criticised by representatives of the UK government.
1462:
The Preliminary Working Committee was dissolved in December 1995 and succeeded by the Preparatory Committee in 1996. The Preparatory Committee was responsible for implementation work related to the establishment of the HKSAR, including the establishment of the
698:
to establish an understanding of the PRC's plans with regards to the retrocession of Hong Kong; during their meeting, Deng outlined his plans to make the territory a special economic zone, which would retain its capitalist system under Chinese sovereignty.
1163:
on 19 December 1984 in Beijing. The Declaration entered into force with the exchange of instruments of ratification on 27 May 1985 and was registered by the People's Republic of China and United Kingdom governments at the United Nations on 12 June 1985.
1427:, a suburb of Vancouver, was nicknamed "Little Hong Kong". All in all, from the start of the settlement of the negotiation in 1984 to 1997, nearly 1 million people emigrated; consequently, Hong Kong suffered serious loss of human and financial capital.
1346:
population, was another popular destination, with the country's Commission (now Consulate-General) being besieged by anxious Hong Kong residents. By September 1989, 6,000 applications for residency in Singapore had been approved by the commission. Some
3030:, with the event referenced throughout the film and serves as the background of the story. Analysis on the franchise has suggested the films' messaging to be associated with fears, anxieties and identity crisis of the Hong-Kong identity post-takeover.
2174:
1331:
Many citizens were pessimistic towards the future of Hong Kong and the transfer of the region's sovereignty. A tide of emigration, which was to last for no less than five years, broke out. At its peak, citizenship of small countries, such as
1452:. These reforms proposed to enlarge the electorate, thus making voting in the Legislative Council more democratic. This move posed significant changes because Hong Kong citizens would have the power to make decisions regarding their future.
6261:
1199:
maintains control over Hong Kong's foreign affairs as well as the legal interpretation of the Basic Law. The latter has led democracy advocates and some Hong Kong residents to argue, after the fact, that the territory has yet to achieve
1126:
The PRC attacked the motion furiously, referring to it as "somebody's attempt to play the three-legged stool trick again". At length, the PRC and Britain initiated the Joint Declaration on the question of Hong Kong's future in Beijing.
2447:, changed to heading their pages with "National", rather than "Local" and 'China', and began including Chinese names in Chinese characters. However, the online edition still uses "China" and only displays Chinese names in Roman script.
1002:
At one point Deng made it clear that he had no intention of continuing any British administration in any part of Hong Kong. In regards to the treaties establishing British control over Kowloon and Hong Kong Island, Robert Cottrell of
9128:
2827:
featured a violent disruption of the transfer of Hong Kong. The plot was re-written out of the concern that if something were to happen during the handover, the film, scheduled to release a few months later, would look out of
2712:, which was then smaller than the United Kingdom's, by 18.4%). As a comparator to Hong Kong, in 2017 Bermuda (as with population, the economically largest of Britain's remaining territories) had a GDP of only US$ 4.7 billion.
886:
In the wake of Governor MacLehose's visit, Britain and the PRC established initial diplomatic contact for further discussions of the Hong Kong question, paving the way for Thatcher's first visit to the PRC in September 1982.
1228:
while also noting that the Chinese constitution and the Basic Law together "empower the HKSAR to exercise a high degree of autonomy and confirm the central authorities' right to supervise the exercise of this autonomy".
890:
Margaret Thatcher, in discussion with Deng Xiaoping, reiterated the validity of an extension of the lease of Hong Kong territory, particularly in light of binding treaties, including the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, the
2133:. Hong Kong athletes and teams compete under the Hong Kong SAR flag instead of the British flag of Hong Kong, and gold medallists were honoured with the Chinese national anthem, instead of the British national anthem.
1773:
signed in 1996 remained in force after the change of sovereignty, and were replaced by "the air transportation agreement between Taiwan and Hong Kong", which retained international regulations, such as regulations on
1281:
drafted with the participation of Hong Kong people. The political system had been the most controversial issue in the drafting of the Basic Law. The special issue sub-group adopted the political model put forward by
2185:
9072:
619:
it was thought impractical to separate the ceded territories and return only the New Territories to China. In addition, with the scarcity of land and natural resources in Hong Kong Island and Kowloon, large-scale
1262:
The first draft was published in April 1988, followed by a five-month public consultation exercise. The second draft was published in February 1989, and the subsequent consultation period ended in October 1989.
2583:
A murder that occurred in Kowloon Walled City in 1959 set off a small diplomatic crisis, as the two nations each tried to get the other to accept responsibility for a vast tract of land now virtually ruled by
2546:) to Britain for 99 years excluded the Walled City, with a population of roughly 700. It stated that China could continue to keep troops there, so long as they did not interfere with Britain's temporary rule.
386:
at the time and was one of the United Kingdom's last significant colonial territories. Its handover marked the end of British colonial prestige in the Asia-Pacific region where it had never recovered from the
2008:
The former British military drill, marching and words of command in English remained in service among disciplinary forces until 2022 when Chinese foot drills were introduced to completely replace that of the
9082:
8915:
6321:
An interview with the former British Prime Minister Thatcher just before Britain's handover of Hong Kong back to China on 1 July 1997; Reporter/Producer: Susan Yu; Published on 1 July 1997 and viewable on
1009:
wrote "In practical terms, the treaties were worthless, sovereignty would be China's in due course, and any row about it would certainly damage Hong Kong in the short term whatever the eventual outcome."
874:
15 June 1982: Deng Xiaoping officially announced the position of the Chinese government in the context of the Hong Kong 97 Issue, marking the first public statement on part of the PRC with regards to the
726:. Chung presented their position on the sovereignty of Hong Kong to Thatcher, encouraging her to take into consideration the interests of the native Hong Kong population in her upcoming visit to China.
669:. Without clarifying and establishing the official position of the PRC government, the arranging of real estate leases and loans agreements in Hong Kong within the next 18 years would become difficult.
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736:
However, the PRC took a contrary position: not only did the PRC wish for the New Territories, on lease until 1997, to be placed under the PRC's jurisdiction, it also refused to recognise the onerous
7847:
5774:
2763:
Consequently, because ceding Hong Kong came at the end of half a century of decolonisation, and because the handover meant that the United Kingdom became without significant overseas territories,
6086:
489:) is another description frequently used by Hong Kong officials and the media, as well as non-locals and academics, which is not recognized by the Chinese Government. Beijing claims neither the
2708:
were measured separately, the Handover did mean the British economy in its very broadest sense became substantially smaller (by comparison, the acquisition of Hong Kong boosted the size of the
2675:
965:
In fact, during informal exchanges between 1979 and 1981, the PRC had proposed a "Macau solution" in Hong Kong, under which it would remain under British administration at China's discretion.
6887:
4884:
2605:
Some residents were not satisfied with the compensation, and some even obstructed the demolition in every possible way. Ultimately, everything was settled, and the Walled City became a
680:(MTR) system and a new airport. Caught unprepared, Deng asserted the necessity of Hong Kong's return to China, upon which Hong Kong would be given special status by the PRC government.
2264:
Postage stamps now displayed the words "Hong Kong, China". A set of definitive stamps, bearing the words "Hong Kong" with no connotation of sovereignty, was introduced in January 1997.
6927:
5131:
Tan, Jason (2007). "Education and colonial transition in Singapore and Hong Kong: Comparisons and contrasts". In Crossley, Michael; Broadfoot, Patricia; Schweisfurth, Michele (eds.).
2598:, the PRC allowed British authorities to demolish the city and resettle its inhabitants. The mutual decision to tear down the walled city was made in 1987. The government spent up to
955:
At the preliminary stage of the talks, the British government proposed an exchange of sovereignty for administration and the implementation of a British administration post-handover.
926:
8884:
2423:
were closed. Only South Africa, which was to establish relations with the People's Republic of China from 1998, was allowed to keep its Consulate General open for an interim period.
4582:"Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong"
4382:
2807:
Scholars have begun to study the complexities of the transfer as shown in the popular media, such as films, television and video and online games. For example, Hong Kong director
2390:. Previously, the country's commercial interests were represented by a British Trade Commission. It was headed by a Senior Trade Commissioner, who became the first Consul-General.
2192:
1575:
1123:, declared "This Council deems it essential that any proposals for the future of Hong Kong should be debated in this Council before agreement is reached", was passed unanimously.
5821:
2572:
Squatters began to occupy the Walled City, resisting several attempts by Britain in 1948 to drive them out. The Walled City became a haven for criminals and drug addicts, as the
3821:
Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong
2576:
had no right to enter the City and China refused maintainability. The 1949 foundation of the People's Republic of China added thousands of refugees to the population, many from
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declaring an ultimatum: the British government must modify or give up its position or the PRC will announce its resolution of the issue of Hong Kong sovereignty unilaterally.
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The cession of Hong Kong meant that Britain's remaining territories (excepting the United Kingdom itself) henceforth consisted either of uninhabited lands (for instance the
2539:
Dynasty authorities of China felt it necessary for them to establish a military and administrative post to rule the area and to check further British influence in the area.
2465:
2215:
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political system before the CCP's encroachment upon the electoral systems of the legislative and district councils. This was separate from the one-party system led by the
3526:
1359:
367:
had set the conditions under which Hong Kong was to be transferred, with China agreeing to maintain existing structures of government and economy under a principle of "
6501:
2700:
of approximately US$ 180 billion in the last year of British rule, Hong Kong's economy was roughly 11% the size of Britain's. Therefore, although the economies of the
4536:
4859:
2427:
948:
A few months after Thatcher's visit to Beijing, the PRC government had yet to open negotiations with the British government regarding the sovereignty of Hong Kong.
4943:
4270:
3057:
1844:
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1486:
Despite the eventual reversal of the electoral system, Patten's reform significantly impacted the Hong Kong political landscape by polarising Hong Kong politics.
8579:
2648:. It allows the United States to continue to treat Hong Kong separately from China for matters concerning trade export and economics control after the handover.
1800:
1290:
5650:
4721:
What started as demonstrations against an extradition bill have since taken on a much wider scope and are now demanding full democratic rights for Hong Kongers.
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918:
universal terms: "There are three treaties in existence; we stick by our treaties unless we decide on something else. At the moment, we stick by our treaties."
8879:
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1167:
In the Joint Declaration, the People's Republic of China Government stated that it had decided to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong (including
6946:
4394:
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remained part of Chinese territory despite the turbulent events of the early 20th century that saw the fall of the Qing government, the establishment of the
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4735:"Beijing defends 'democracy with Hong Kong characteristics' model as white paper released a day after Legco election cites end goal of universal suffrage"
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in Hong Kong, continued to function as before, issuing visas to visitors from Hong Kong, mainland China and other countries. In 2011 it was renamed the
8946:
6083:
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The handover marked the end of British rule in Hong Kong, which was Britain's last substantial overseas territory. Although in statute law set down by
2375:
British citizens (without right of abode in Hong Kong) were no longer able to work in Hong Kong without a visa; the policy was changed on 1 April 1997.
1313:
of Hong Kong unexpectedly held an urgent meeting, in which they agreed unanimously that the British Government should give the people of Hong Kong the
5675:
2494:, the Hong Kong government proposed a grand "Rose Garden Project" to restore faith and solidarity among the residents. As the construction of the new
6111:
2408:
Countries which did not have diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom, but had diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China, such as
1793:
1741:
662:, paid his first official visit to the People's Republic of China (PRC), taking the initiative to raise the question of Hong Kong's sovereignty with
6884:
6524:
4761:
3974:(2001). "Elections, Political Change and Basic Law Government: Hong Kong in Search of a Political Form". In Diamond, Larry; H. Myers, Ramon (eds.).
3599:"陳文鴻在專題講座上說港商應該把握機會到內地去發展工業,陳弘毅談香港回歸中國後的法律問題" [Chan Man-hung said Hong Kong businesses shall grab opportunities to expand industry in mainland;
1270:, together with the designs for the flag and emblem of the HKSAR. Some members of the Basic Law drafting committee were ousted by Beijing following
7011:
Hunting with the tigers: doing business with Hong Kong, Indonesia, South Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam
6334:
5527:
3316:
2159:
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478:) is also often used by Hong Kong and Chinese officials. Nevertheless, "Handover of Hong Kong" is still mainly used in the English-speaking world.
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November 1981: The Beijing government invited some Hong Kong citizens to help organising a united front in the handling of the Hong Kong issue.
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6571:
Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
6546:"Welcome Message Office of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) of the People's Republic of China in Beijing"
5901:
5237:
Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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In response, Deng Xiaoping cited the lack of room for compromise on the question of sovereignty over Hong Kong; the PRC, as the successor of
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Vickers, Edward (2011). "Learning to Love the Motherland: 'National Education' in Post-Retrocession Hong Kong". In Mueller, Gotelind (ed.).
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in order to get an application form for residency in the United Kingdom. On the eve of the deadline, over 100,000 lined up overnight for a
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also led to massive demonstrations (1.7 million on 11 and 18 August 2019), again demanding universal suffrage, but also the resignation of
1150:
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In fact, as early as the mid-1970s, Hong Kong had faced additional risks raising loans for large-scale infrastructure projects such as its
663:
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features a campaign set in an alternate history in which negotiations over the ceding of Hong Kong break down resulting in armed conflict.
1769:
Hong Kong continued to negotiate and maintain its own aviation bilateral treaties with foreign countries and territories. Agreements with
9427:
7874:
7563:
3646:"... existing system in order to preserve continuity in the administration of the public service after the transfer of sovereignty"
1859:, some activities, such as the vigil, have since been officially banned, although others, such as Falun Gong, remain generally tolerated.
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The PRC government refused, contending that the notions of sovereignty and administration were inseparable, and although it recognised
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3547:[20 years anniversary for transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong: why BBC Chinese does not use "return to the motherland"?].
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application form. While mass migration began well before 1989, the event led to the peak migration year in 1992 with 66,000 leaving.
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The Walled City was originally a single fort built in the mid-19th century on the site of an earlier 17th-century watch post on the
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LCQ1: Immigration clearance and entry visas to the Mainland for non-Chinese Hong Kong permanent residents with foreign passports
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In light of the increasing openness of the PRC government and economic reforms on the mainland, the then British Prime Minister
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Tang, James TH. "From empire defence to imperial retreat: Britain's postwar China policy and the decolonization of Hong Kong".
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is set on the eve of the Handover and involves an attempted defection by a war criminal, only hours before China takes control.
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2662:. However, she partially boycotted it in protest of China's dissolution of the democratically elected Hong Kong legislature.
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1414:
1289:
According to Clauses 158 and 159 of the Basic Law, powers of interpretation and amendment of the Basic Law are vested in the
809:
8403:
6833:
6129:"HK police to perform Chinese-style foot drills starting July 1, a removal of British 'colonial overtones' – China Military"
4426:
9286:
9256:
8693:
7167:
7154:
Statement on Future South Africa/Hong Kong Relations by the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr Aziz Pahad, 12 June 1997
6155:
4533:
3191:
Mark, Chi-kwan. "To 'educate' Deng Xiaoping in capitalism: Thatcher's visit to China and the future of Hong Kong in 1982".
2940:
2379:
2104:
1856:
1410:
1157:
802:
780:
333:
6040:
5988:
5505:
4856:
3631:
9407:
9143:
8920:
8799:
8657:
8543:
8435:
8382:
7987:
7927:
7397:
Lim, Patricia. (2002). Discovering Hong Hong's Cultural Heritage. Central, Hong Kong: Oxford University Press. Vol. One
3681:
2985:
2085:
2070:
1881:
1722:
1476:
627:
6359:
4940:
4267:
3302:
2506:
Memorandum of Understanding. Removing hills and reclaiming land, it took only a few years to construct the new airport.
2257:'s portrait was removed from public offices. Coins issued since 1993 no longer had the Queen's head, instead having the
1777:
Signs (and fonts), labels, and roadway construction standards on Hong Kong roads and expressways continue to follow the
762:
was invited to visit Guangzhou and Beijing to find out the attitude of the Chinese government on the issue of Hong Kong.
9184:
8033:
5772:
United Front chief Sun Chunlan tells young Hongkongers to love their country and make the most of close ties with China
3077:
2626:
1949:
376:
7896:
6549:
6479:
5970:
China International Business: The Monthly Publication of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, P.R.C
4838:
1700:
Hong Kong continued to operate as a separate customs territory from mainland China under Article 116 of the Basic Law.
769:
and raised the issue of Hong Kong for the first time. Deng remarked that the investors could set their minds at peace.
9442:
9273:
9023:
8874:
8804:
8667:
8631:
8490:
7521:
7402:
6769:
6487:
5855:
5647:
5513:
4371:
3182:
3167:
3153:
2491:
2211:
2163:
1848:
1745:
1302:
1115:
felt impatient at the long-running secrecy over the progress of Sino-British talks on the Hong Kong issue. A motion,
1063:
903:
6179:
5547:
5371:
5278:
9303:
9266:
9210:
9164:
9108:
9057:
9013:
6954:
5947:
5683:
5214:
3469:
held talks with British Foreign Secretary, emphasized on China to recover Hong Kong in '97 and Hong Kong to become
2681:
2652:
2387:
2081:
2066:
1938:
1449:
1310:
1225:
1188:
1132:
1112:
992:
340:
6061:
9298:
9123:
8730:
8574:
8387:
6438:
3647:
3431:
to urge recovering Hong Kong after strengthening, supported by cross-party according to British newspapers].
3087:
2562:
2495:
2383:
2347:
2291:
2258:
2137:
2074:
2055:
1778:
1715:
1472:
1464:
1436:
1314:
648:
564:
The United Kingdom obtained control over portions of Hong Kong's territory through three treaties concluded with
8512:
7079:
987:
ravaged Hong Kong, causing great amounts of damage to both life and property. The Hong Kong dollar plummeted on
9382:
9278:
9261:
9200:
9169:
9113:
9062:
9030:
8992:
8889:
8763:
8626:
8517:
8474:
8408:
8237:
7714:
7678:
6943:
6631:
3208:
3103:; Morse, C.G.J.; McClean, David; Briggs, Adrian; Harris, Jonathan; McLachlan, Campbell; Hill, Jonathan (2008).
2595:
2402:
2218:, while the Prince of Wales Barracks was similarly renamed the Central Barracks, with effect from January 2002.
2170:
1953:
1900:
1737:
1306:
1271:
1213:
1144:
1045:
711:
511:
364:
260:
216:
179:
135:
8106:
1135:, British Ambassador to Beijing and leader of the team, signed respectively on behalf of the two governments.
744:. Consequently, the PRC recognised only the British administration in Hong Kong, but not British sovereignty.
9387:
9133:
9087:
8178:
6962:
6251:
Annex I : Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
2850:
2701:
2685:
1995:
1968:
1896:
spiritual practice also remained legal in Hong Kong, despite encountering opposition from the SAR government.
1627:
English continued as an official language and is still taught in all schools. However, many schools teach in
1456:
1267:
922:
914:
that "there is nothing I could do to stop you, but the eyes of the world would now know what China is like".
816:
418:(now King Charles III) and broadcast around the world, is often considered to mark the definitive end of the
383:
382:
With a 1997 population of about 6.5 million, Hong Kong constituted 97 percent of the total population of all
371:" for a period of 50 years. Hong Kong became China's first special administrative region; it was followed by
230:
149:
7193:
5477:
9148:
8951:
8820:
8293:
8281:
6746:
5672:
4448:
2776:
2327:
2043:
1785:
1690:
969:
6108:
2739:). While many of Britain's remaining territories are significant to the global economy by virtue of being
2405:
of Commonwealth member states in Hong Kong were no longer known as Commissions, but as Consulates-General.
932:
The additional Article would hold tremendous significance in settling the question of Hong Kong and later
458:), which had since been the common descriptive statement in China, Hong Kong and Taiwan until mid-1990s. "
9417:
8967:
8779:
8495:
6521:
6331:
6128:
4825:
4758:
2870:
2716:
2659:
2618:
2554:, as well as buildings which grew into low-lying, densely packed neighbourhoods from the 1890s to 1940s.
2355:
2335:
2240:
2203:
1825:
1495:
1480:
1325:
925:, the constitution was amended to include a new Article 31 which stated that the country might establish
611:
411:
42:
5524:
4599:
1740:
in Hong Kong remained outside the jurisdiction of their embassies in Beijing, such as the United States
1725:
overseas, as well as in the Greater China Region. These include the offices in London, Washington D.C.,
638:, wrote to the United Nations Decolonization Committee to state the position of the Chinese government:
9397:
9392:
9316:
8975:
8905:
8825:
8794:
8725:
8600:
4405:
4242:
3450:
3433:
3412:
2926:
2276:
2002:
1424:
1398:
7739:
Chia-rong Wu, "Hong Kong Identity in Question: Fruit Chan's Uncanny Narrative and (Post-)97 Complex".
5609:, N.H.C. Yung*, K.H. Au & A.H.S. Lai, Laboratory for Intelligent Transportation Systems Research,
5393:
1259:
formed purely by Hong Kong people was established in 1985 to canvas views in Hong Kong on the drafts.
9067:
8841:
8647:
8321:
7128:
6841:
6722:
5426:"Christopher J. Marut Appointed as Director of the Taipei Office of the American Institute in Taiwan"
4625:
4435:
3105:
2977:
2740:
2148:
2130:
1817:
continued to have easier access to many countries, including those in Europe and North America, with
1694:
7585:
7495:
6300:
28:
8301:
8045:
8008:
7955:
7838:
7533:
7202:
7140:
6643:
6239:
6215:
6095:
6014:
5783:
5659:
5634:
5354:, Address given by Rt Hon Mike Moore, Director-General, World Trade Organization, 12 September 1999
5078:
4655:
4298:
4219:
4001:
3758:
3722:
3082:
2925:
agent in Hong Kong until the Handover, when he was handed over to the Chinese for his unauthorised
2772:
2606:
2443:
2222:
2017:
1852:
1704:
1402:
1175:
937:
853:
6 April 1982: Deng Xiaoping revealed his wish to have official contact with the British government.
630:
in 1971, it began to act diplomatically on its previously lost sovereignty over both Hong Kong and
368:
7646:
5299:
1796:, white on the front and yellow on the back, with the vehicle registration mark in a similar font.
772:
4 April 1979: The Kowloon–Canton through-train routes were restored after 30 years of non-service.
9447:
9018:
8851:
8672:
8527:
7179:
6693:
6682:
5610:
5332:
5191:
5180:
5168:
4410:
4286:
3508:
2866:
has made numerous references to 1997 including the song "Could Not Care Less About 1997" (話知你97).
2394:
2178:
2122:
2117:
1926:
1877:
than mainland China, under Article 27 of the Basic Law, despite the growing influence of Beijing.
1867:
1671:
1639:
1348:
1116:
1034:
798:
776:
623:
investments had been made in the New Territories, with break-evens lying well past 30 June 1997.
596:
439:
6272:
6203:
4600:"The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China"
3448:"毛幫重視利益怎會收回香港" [Gang of Mao cares about interests so why would they recover Hong Kong].
2799:, with 1 July 1997 being its end date and the handover ceremony being its last diplomatic act.
822:
issued nine guiding principles concerning a peaceful reunification of Taiwan and mainland China.
9402:
9138:
8751:
8662:
8366:
7868:
6072:
5796:
5599:
3428:
2982:
2753:
2744:
2697:
2645:
2461:
2317:
2287:
2152:
2051:
1679:
1394:
1244:
688:
635:
626:
When the People's Republic of China obtained its seat in the United Nations as a result of the
8058:
7310:
7009:
6982:
6451:
5902:
The RJ System of telephone plugs and sockets is gradually replacing the BT System in Hong Kong
5747:
5721:
5574:
5248:
5053:
4491:
4183:
4089:
4026:
3904:
2633:
on 19 June 1997 ordered the provisions pertaining to Hong Kong to take effect on 1 July 1997.
2058:, whose members were mainly elected from among professional sectors and business leaders. The
976:, claiming the leftists' aim was to leave the UK without effective control, or "to Macau us".
9354:
9174:
8735:
8688:
7103:
6984:
Hong Kong's new constitutional order: the resumption of Chinese sovereignty and the basic law
6803:
6710:
5613:, IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Proceedings, Itsc, 1999, pp. 418–422
5452:
4788:
4581:
4338:
4053:
3942:
3511:[Deng Xiaoping during negotiations of Hong Kong returning to motherland.]. CPC News.
3043:
2833:
2724:
2059:
1536:
1293:
and the National People's Congress, respectively. Hong Kong's people have limited influence.
988:
794:. Both of them expressed their concern to maintain the stability and prosperity of Hong Kong.
655:
7799:
1703:
Hong Kong remained an individual member of various international organisations, such as the
1351:
staff were suspended or arrested for their corrupt behaviour in granting immigration visas.
9437:
8856:
8569:
8337:
8314:
8070:
5321:
5157:
3600:
3034:
2705:
2321:
2283:
1945:
1874:
1343:
984:
892:
740:
under which Hong Kong Island and Kowloon had been ceded to Britain in perpetuity after the
677:
588:
531:
451:
6382:
Designing history in East Asian textbooks: identity politics and transnational aspirations
6262:
Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
6250:
3544:
1918:
1602:
Chinese communists portrayed the return of Hong Kong as a key moment in the PRC's rise to
651:
passed the resolution on removing Hong Kong and Macau from the official list of colonies.
8:
9205:
8171:"Different Roads to Home: The Retrocession of Hong Kong and Macau to Chinese sovereignty"
6930:, Jane McNair and Professor Peter Willoughby, Deacons Graham & James, Hong Kong SAR,
5344:
5107:
3784:
3026:
2961:
2953:
2892:, which he makes references to the handover, ten years since Hong Kong's return to China.
2823:
2757:
2515:
2398:
2331:
1814:
1645:
1238:
1209:
1205:
1196:
863:
May 1982: Deng Xiaoping and Zhao Ziyang collected advice from Hong Kong notables such as
514:, while the British declared "(to) restore Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China" (
352:
325:
6606:
5225:
5203:
4924:
8621:
8249:
8195:
8132:"Schizophrenic Hong Kong: Postcolonial Identity Crisis in the Infernal Affairs Trilogy"
6404:
5134:
Changing Educational Contexts, Issues and Identities: 40 Years of Comparative Education
4977:
4928:
4893:
4028:
Strong Borders, Secure Nation: Cooperation and Conflict in China's Territorial Disputes
3366:"How did the Chinese Government settle the question of Hong Kong through negotiations?"
3294:
3286:
3067:
2988:
game, is set in Hong Kong around the time of the transition. The player controls Chin (
2934:
2813:
2784:
2780:
2655:
2306:
2272:
2112:
2047:
1718:, continued to send its own team to international sporting events such as the Olympics.
1516:
1406:
1321:
1201:
339:
Hong Kong had been a colony of the British Empire since 1841, except for four years of
8245:
3007:
The handover of Hong Kong is referenced multiple times and witnessed in the 1997 film
2992:), who was called by the Hong Kong government to kill the invading Chinese, including
1642:, continued to be patrolled as before, with separate immigration and customs controls.
8275:
8215:
8147:
7805:
7760:
7517:
7398:
7380:
7370:
7343:
7316:
7289:
7109:
7058:
7015:
6988:
6987:. HKU Press law series (2. ed.). Hong Kong: Hong Kong Univ. Press. p. 167.
6811:
6765:
6618:
6457:
6385:
5925:
5851:
5845:
5727:
5600:
Recognition of vehicle registration mark on moving vehicles in an outdoor environment
5580:
5458:
5254:
5138:
5111:
5059:
4996:
4906:
4794:
4698:
4497:
4354:
4344:
4317:
4223:
4189:
4162:
4069:
4059:
4032:
3981:
3948:
3920:
3910:
3882:
3390:
3365:
3298:
3204:
3178:
3163:
3149:
3131:
3112:
2945:
2855:
2775:, having been bequeathed the incipient domains of its later empire by inheriting the
2529:
2521:
2452:
2177:, dealing with domestic matters. This had been established under British rule as the
2096:
1678:, with previous laws remaining in force provided that they did not conflict with the
1528:
1520:
1366:
1160:
895:
in 1856, and the Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory signed in 1890.
791:
730:
695:
592:
577:
549:
535:
403:
348:
320:(SAR) for 27 years, maintaining its own economic and governing systems from those of
310:
7780:
7615:
5877:
5425:
1907:) are still used in Hong Kong. However, telephone companies changed from installing
1409:) were, by and large, the most popular destinations. The United Kingdom devised the
1224:
the ultimate goal of election by universal suffrage of the chief executive" and the
1187:
The Hong Kong Basic Law ensured, among other things, that Hong Kong will retain its
9330:
8997:
8241:
8187:
8139:
7451:
7034:
6427:
5454:
The first decade: the Hong Kong SAR in retrospective and introspective perspectives
4516:
4472:
4254:
3872:
3278:
2842:
2573:
2525:
2343:
2005:, responsible for English-medium schools, which would not be phased out until 2016.
1908:
1756:
1686:
1632:
1168:
1131:, the then PRC Deputy Foreign Minister and leader of the negotiation team, and Sir
1096:
962:
as a "Chinese territory under Portuguese administration", this was only temporary.
759:
581:
545:
515:
503:
495:
482:
471:
463:
443:
431:
388:
8306:
8199:
8131:
7469:
6453:
Hong Kong's Court of Final Appeal: The Development of the Law in China's Hong Kong
6384:. Routledge studies in education and society in Asia. London New York: Routledge.
3877:
3860:
3335:
2225:
to remember the war dead; previously British troops raised flags representing the
2129:
At international sporting events such as the Olympics, Hong Kong was now known as
309:
was at midnight on 1 July 1997. This event ended 156 years of British rule in the
8297:
8286:
8271:
8113:
8090:
8065:
8040:
8018:
7900:
7878:
7754:
7651:
7502:
7496:
Laws and Regulations Regarding Hong Kong & Macao Affairs: Legislative History
7476:
7456:
7447:
7420:
7337:
7283:
7215:
7197:
7171:
7135:
7086:
7041:
6969:
6950:
6891:
6869:
6853:
6837:
6786:
6759:
6742:
6717:
6689:
6666:
6638:
6613:
6593:
6588:
6528:
6505:
6483:
6434:
6411:
6363:
6343:
6338:
6279:
6257:
6235:
6210:
6159:
6115:
6090:
6068:
5968:
5951:
5919:
5884:
5825:
5803:
5778:
5706:
5701:
5679:
5654:
5629:
5606:
5554:
5531:
5509:
5484:
5351:
5328:
5306:
5232:
5210:
5187:
5164:
5132:
5085:
4972:
4947:
4888:
4863:
4843:
4820:
4765:
4540:
4518:
4474:
4455:
4430:
4423:
4401:
4378:
4293:
4274:
4249:
4156:
4124:
4098:
3975:
3654:
3635:
2580:; by this time, Britain had had enough, and simply adopted a "hands-off" policy.
2543:
2339:
2234:
1956:. Calls between Hong Kong and the mainland still required international dialling.
1915:
1829:
1370:
1100:
1005:
952:
that Hong Kong was a party to talks on its future, alongside Beijing and London.
836:
620:
607:
553:
360:
344:
8170:
7756:
Remaking Chinese Cinema: Through the Prism of Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Hollywood
7164:
6152:
3861:"Britain's Approach to the Negotiations over the Future of Hong Kong, 1979–1982"
3619:"This law took effect on 1 July 1997, upon the transfer of sovereignty from the
3160:
Sovereignty and the status quo: the historical roots of China's Hong Kong policy
2881:
satirically expresses the anxiety felt by Hong Kong residents over the handover.
9215:
8595:
6036:
5984:
5723:
Political development in Hong Kong: state, political society, and civil society
5502:
4784:
4556:
4479:. Vol. Part 3. Monitoring Service of the British Broadcasting Corporation.
3971:
3628:
3620:
3492:
3475:
2997:
2993:
2970:
2966:
2905:
2896:
2849:
The handover is the backdrop for "A Death in Hong Kong", the first episode the
2796:
2748:
2671:
2630:
2351:
2310:
2021:
2013:
1983:
1840:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1512:
1423:
was among the most popular destinations, earning the nickname of "Hongcouver".
1386:
1252:
995:
907:
847:
737:
715:
419:
321:
302:
115:
110:
72:
7977:
7917:
6356:
2080:
Foreign nationals were not allowed to stand for directly elected seats in the
805:" was introduced. This status proposal was widely opposed by Hong Kong people.
9376:
8502:
8211:
8151:
8084:
Racism, Violence & Madness Make This Awful Hong Kong Game One to Remember
7843:
7834:"Everything you need to know about Hong Kong's return to Chinese sovereignty"
7424:
7364:
6830:
5830:
5807:
5695:
Tens of Thousands Gather in Hong Kong to Remember the 1989 Tiananmen Massacre
5310:
4952:
4927:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
4868:
4770:
4358:
4209:
3886:
3689:
3386:
3241:"'They can't speak freely': Hong Kong a year after the national security law"
2688:(as they were then classified before the term British Overseas Territory was
2588:
2369:
2268:
2244:
1987:
1976:
1964:
1591:
1587:
1092:
825:
30 October 1981: The House of Commons passed the new British Nationality Act.
766:
733:
sought the PRC's agreement to a continued British presence in the territory.
666:
7893:
7384:
4073:
3924:
3819:
2184:
The Hong Kong SAR Government was now formally represented in Beijing by the
1839:
Until 2020, it continued to have significantly more political freedoms than
9366:
9342:
8191:
8143:
7232:"Filling the State Immunity Lacuna in Hong Kong: The Congo Case | Insights"
6896:
6545:
6476:
5889:
5559:
5489:
4006:
3014:
2732:
2585:
2254:
2248:
2226:
1540:
1441:
1278:
973:
899:
857:
703:
691:
565:
540:
490:
4656:"China Resumes Control of Hong Kong, Concluding 156 Years of British Rule"
3574:
3146:
The final years of British Hong Kong: The discourse of colonial withdrawal
2791:), the handover of Hong Kong to China is regarded by many (including King
363:. The date of the handover in 1997 marked the end of this lease. The 1984
7035:
Chief Executive holds 'useful, cordial' talks with British Prime Minister
6175:
5944:
5367:
5274:
5158:
Lok Ma Chau Control Point to provide 24-hour passenger clearance services
4055:
Hong Kong: the pearl made of British mastery and Chinese docile-diligence
3605:
3009:
2989:
2973:, is set in Hong Kong during the 24 hours before the end of British rule.
2918:
2908:, is set largely in Hong Kong during the days leading up to the Handover.
2885:
2792:
2409:
1689:
continued to be used as its sole currency, and the responsibility of the
1603:
1579:
1563:
1153:
1111:
Just as the atmosphere of the talks was becoming cordial, members of the
1078:
864:
839:. Zhao insisted that the PRC would uphold its sovereignty over Hong Kong.
832:
819:
787:
415:
407:
8253:
8225:
8107:
Chinese Box (1997) Film Review; A Meditation on the Meaning of Hong Kong
7978:"Artist : Jin Title : 1997 Album : ABC Track No : 9"
3024:
The handover is depicted near the conclusion of the 2003 Hong Kong film
2735:
granted independence in 1960), or a combination of the latter two (like
1286:. This "mainstream" proposal was criticised for being too conservative.
8022:
7882:
7514:
Hong Kong's reversion to China: effective monitoring critical to assess
6944:
The UK's relations with Hong Kong: 30 years after the Joint Declaration
5394:"Official report of proceedings, 11 November 1982, Legislative Council"
3466:
3320:
3290:
3266:
2901:
2878:
2863:
2808:
2752:
Territories is approximately 250,000, which is less than all but three
2720:
2676:
List of countries that have gained independence from the United Kingdom
2641:
2365:
2362:
2230:
2186:
Office of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
2100:
1991:
1893:
1821:
holders having visa-free access to 154 other countries and territories.
1532:
1524:
1378:
1217:
1120:
1048: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
741:
723:
719:
707:
569:
435:
76:
8136:
Transtext(e)s Transcultures 跨文本跨文化. Journal of Global Cultural Studies
2684:, British Hong Kong had no status of pre-eminence vis-a-vis the other
2498:
would extend well after the handover, Governor Wilson met PRC Premier
1455:
After the Patten proposals were passed, Beijing decided to create the
8522:
7288:. New Asia College, The Chinese University of Hong Kong. p. 88.
6885:
Hong Kong to cover British insignia on postboxes to 'avoid confusion'
6367:
4534:
On This Day: 26 September 1984: UK and China agree Hong Kong handover
4372:
The Chinese government resumed exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong
2788:
2764:
2736:
2577:
2302:
2298:
1804:
1628:
1390:
1339:
1283:
868:
253:
172:
87:
34:
3282:
2542:
The 1898 Convention which handed additional parts of Hong Kong (the
1807:. Vehicles registered in the mainland can enter Hong Kong under the
1023:
6914:
6415:
5572:
5503:
List of Air Services Agreements and Air Services Transit Agreements
5226:
Exit and Entry Administration Law of the People's Republic of China
5089:
4911:
4703:
4684:"1898 and all that – a Brief History of Hong Kong".
4544:
3021:. The film itself was filmed leading up to and during the handover.
2874:
2768:
2419:
Consulates of countries which maintained diplomatic relations with
1960:
1885:
1726:
1505:
1128:
801:
by the Conservative Party in the British government, a new status "
706:, who succeeded MacLehose as the 26th Governor of Hong Kong, led a
274:
193:
4995:. Routledge advances in Asia-Pacific business. London: Routledge.
2471:
Absolute diplomatic immunity was restored in Hong Kong until 2024.
1099:& Co., said they were not pulling out of Hong Kong, but a new
7982:
7922:
7904:
7257:"China's new Foreign State Immunity law marks major legal change"
7190:
6084:
ESF's new chief executive Belinda Greer looks to boost efficiency
5623:
Cross-border licence plates go for a million yuan on black market
5058:. Lanham, Ma.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 395.
4882:
U.S. Immigration Officer in Hong Kong Investigated for Corruption
4459:
3940:
3038:
3018:
2913:
2696:, having a 1997 population of approximately only 62,000). With a
2693:
2558:
2499:
2368:
were removed from the streets of Hong Kong and replaced by green
1911:
1904:
1803:
plates to travel to and from mainland China, similar to those of
1571:
1374:
1104:
694:, who had been dispatched as the special envoy of Prime Minister
329:
7285:
Before and After Suzie: Hong Kong in Western Film and Literature
5250:
China Briefing's Business Guide to the Greater Pearl River Delta
3603:
discussed legal issues after Hong Kong returned to China.].
1899:
Many other technical standards from the United Kingdom, such as
9361:
8094:
7414:
Hong Kong's infamous Walled City to be converted into park area
4129:
4091:
Hong Kong's Journey to Reunification: Memoirs of Sze-yuen Chung
3407:
2728:
2533:
2420:
2386:. This has responsibility for British citizens, instead of the
2001:
The Hong Kong government continued to make a subvention to the
1770:
1752:
1730:
7105:
Hong Kong's Transition to Chinese Rule: The Limits of Autonomy
6802:
Chow, Larry Chuen-ho; Fan, Yiu-Kwan, eds. (31 December 1998).
2831:
The handover is central to the plot of the 1998 action comedy
1266:
The Basic Law was formally promulgated on 4 April 1990 by the
790:
visited Britain and had a meeting with British prime minister
502:) and "to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong" (
3624:
3073:
Monument in Commemoration of the Return of Hong Kong to China
2566:
2551:
2193:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China
1930:
1382:
1333:
959:
933:
850:, promising to maintain Hong Kong's stability and prosperity.
843:
765:
29 March 1979: Sir Murray MacLehose met Chinese Vice Premier
631:
372:
306:
104:
99:
38:
7797:
7281:
5368:"Sports Federation and Olympic Committee of Hong Kong China"
4517:
United States Foreign Broadcast Information Service (1993).
4473:
British Broadcasting Corporation Monitoring Service (1984).
3201:
Hong Kong's Tortuous Democratization: A Comparative Analysis
2623:
Laws and Regulations Regarding Hong Kong & Macao Affairs
2243:
was not used as the residence of the first chief executive,
1880:
It also continued to have more religious freedoms, with the
5973:. Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation. 2002.
5345:
Address Via Video-Conference – A challenge to APEC business
3001:
2840:
It is also mentioned in another 1998 film –
2536:
2413:
1708:
6522:
Renamed Xinhua becomes a new force in Hong Kong's politics
6449:
5908:(OFTA), Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government
5797:
Hong Kong * | Country report | Freedom of the Press | 2015
5106:. New Approaches to International History series. London:
4493:
Political change and the crisis of legitimacy in Hong Kong
4424:
Hong Kong business world shaken by political uncertainties
4181:
3406:"平學生護權會要求收回香港旅大" [Students urge to recover Hong Kong,
2644:
no. 102-383m 106 Stat. 1448) is a 1992 act enacted by the
2416:, were allowed to establish or re-open Consulates-General.
2216:
Chinese People's Liberation Army Forces Hong Kong Building
347:, its territory was expanded in 1860 with the addition of
6283:
5300:
Bank of China Authorized to Issue HKD and MOP (1987–1992)
4733:
Cheung, Gary; Cheung, Tony; Mai, Jun (20 December 2021).
3980:. Studies on Contemporary China. OUP Oxford. p. 55.
3099:
2922:
2599:
1972:
1934:
1659:
in Hong Kong. Instead, they had to apply for a permit to
1413:, granting 50,000 families British citizenship under the
1274:, after voicing views supporting the student protesters.
968:
However, this had previously been rejected following the
279:
265:
198:
184:
9232:
Introduction of Safeguarding National Security Ordinance
6010:
5847:
Dangerous Meditation: China's Campaign Against Falungong
4101:, Sze Yuen Chung, Chinese University Press, 2001, p. 123
3818:
3128:
Cheshire, North & Fawcett: Private International Law
1448:
Patten introduced a package of electoral reforms in the
1191:, and people's rights and freedom for fifty years, as a
684:
the creation of a withdrawal plan in case of emergency.
7220:. British Broadcasting Corporation. 2000. pp. G-8.
3047:(2022), in the season's final episode "Decommissioned".
2438:, bringing it into line with mainland China and Taiwan.
7441:
Riot police evict Hong Kong residents from Walled City
6229:
Hong Kong Undergraduate Education Reform Under "3+3+4"
5204:
General Information on the Right of Abode in Hong Kong
5055:
China live: people power and the television revolution
4993:
Hong Kong management and labour: change and continuity
3909:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. p. 109.
3126:
Fawcett, J.J.; Carruthers, J.M.; North, Peter (2008).
3125:
2330:
changed, with British-inspired occasions, such as the
2091:
All public office buildings now flew the flags of the
1714:
Hong Kong, which remained an individual member of the
1500:
The handover ceremony was held at the new wing of the
9314:
7014:. Amsterdam ; San Diego: Pfeiffer. p. 417.
5726:. Aberdeen: Hong Kong University Press. p. 135.
4523:. National Technical Information Service. p. 79.
4496:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 210.
4343:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. p. 37.
1799:
Hong Kong-registered vehicles still required special
1638:
The border with the mainland, while now known as the
1554:
Representing the People's Republic of China were the
7369:. London ; New York: I.B. Tauris. p. 253.
7315:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 195.
6921:
4925:
Text of the British Nationality Act (Hong Kong) 1990
3944:
The Hong Kong Reader: Passage to Chinese Sovereignty
2640:
or more commonly known as the Hong Kong Policy Act (
2602:
3 billion to resettle the residents and shops.
1998:, nor did it introduce a postcode system of its own.
1788:, unlike mainland China, which drives on the right.
1291:
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
1212:. In 2019, demonstrations that started as a protest
936:, putting into social consciousness the concept of "
8336:
7684:. Government of Bermuda, Department of Statistics.
6405:
Fifa investigates Hong Kong over China match booing
5525:
New air accord a result of compromise, analysts say
5457:. Hong Kong: Chinese university press. p. 87.
5104:
The Fear of Chinese Power: an International History
5033:
3575:"Instrument A601 Hong Kong Reunification Ordinance"
3336:"China intends to recover Hong Kong, official says"
2723:), territories used as military bases (for example
2509:
2502:in Beijing to ease the mind of the PRC government.
1733:, previously known as Hong Kong Government Offices.
1655:Residents of mainland China still did not have the
604:
Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory
6607:PLA Hong Kong Garrison Head Office to Use New Name
6297:"Results of the 1998 Legislative Council Election"
5322:Hong Kong operates as a separate Customs territory
5021:
5009:
3841:. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. p. 74.
1751:The Chung Hwa Travel Service, which functioned as
786:29 October 1979: CCP Chairman and Chinese Premier
7759:. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 114, 131.
7342:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Univ. Press. p. 232.
6655:
6653:
4277:, State Council of the People's Republic of China
4058:. New York: Nova Science Publishers. p. 68.
3107:Dicey, Morris and Collins on the Conflict of Laws
2237:every morning, lowering them again before sunset.
1445:affected the negotiations for a smooth handover.
1149:The Sino-British Joint Declaration was signed by
1138:
1077:writing of a letter addressed to the PRC Premier
410:after the war. The transfer, which was marked by
9374:
7534:"Albright To Attend Hong Kong Transfer Ceremony"
6706:
6704:
6702:
5573:Andrew Stone; Chung Wah Chow; Reggie Ho (2008).
5253:. China Briefing Media, Ltd. 2004. p. 245.
2888:has a song called "1997" in his Cantonese album
1764:Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hong Kong
1085:in the form of an administration post-handover.
921:At the same time, at the 5th session of the 5th
634:. In March 1972, the Chinese UN representative,
7560:"Smooth Hong Kong handover lifts China's image"
4732:
4312:Sit, V. F. S.; Cremer, R.; Wong, S. L. (1999).
3667:Inquiry: Hong Kong: The Transfer of Sovereignty
3277:(9). University of California Press: 887, 890.
2719:), small islands or micro land masses (such as
2214:. The Prince of Wales Building was renamed the
2173:was now formally represented in Hong Kong by a
1320:More than 10,000 Hong Kong residents rushed to
442:(CCP) proposed "(China) to recover Hong Kong" (
8388:Opening of the Hong Kong International Airport
7827:
7825:
7823:
7821:
6650:
4574:
4268:Constitution of the People's Republic of China
3898:
3896:
3539:
3537:
3033:The handover of Hong Kong is portrayed in the
2378:The United Kingdom was now represented by the
2301:" were replaced by references to the "State".
2210:, taking over responsibility for defence from
1824:Many former colonial citizens could still use
1697:had already started issuing banknotes in 1994.
1483:system for the Legislative Council elections.
1469:selection of the first chief executive in 1996
324:during this time, although influence from the
9073:NPC decision on national security legislation
8885:HKU pro-vice-chancellor selection controversy
8322:
7470:Kowloon Walled City Park – History/Background
7122:
6784:
6699:
6499:In Watching Hong Kong, China Loses The Shades
6477:Secretary for Justice, Mr Rimsky Yuen, SC, JP
6428:A Brief Overview of the Court of Final Appeal
6011:"Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation"
4726:
4699:"Hong Kong: Timeline of extradition protests"
4626:"What Country Is Hong Kong in? China or Not?"
4311:
4215:Deng Xiaoping and the transformation of China
2320:was replaced by a local system, in which the
2181:, before it adopted its present name in 2000.
2031:British-inspired road names remain unchanged.
1843:, with the holding of demonstrations and the
235:
221:
154:
140:
8988:Opening of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge
8034:Will James Bond bow to Beijing's censorship?
6199:
6197:
6176:"Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Gardens"
4691:
4463:, HC Deb 20 January 1988 vol 125 cc 971–1018
3941:Ming K. Chan; Gerard A. Postiglione (1996).
2665:
2358:, was abolished as a public holiday in 1950.
1609:
1594:. The event was broadcast around the world.
1586:of the Central Military Commission, General
1251:composed of members from both Hong Kong and
1193:special administrative region (SAR) of China
687:Three years later, Deng received the former
7818:
7165:Hong Kong – A New Era – Civil Aviation
7055:"Commonwealth Games Federation – Hong Kong"
6804:"Continuity and Change in the Legal System"
6456:. Cambridge University Press. p. 227.
4188:. Cambridge University Press. p. 109.
4113:
4111:
4109:
4107:
4031:. Princeton University Press. p. 224.
3902:
3893:
3534:
16:1997 handover of Hong Kong from UK to China
8453:Director of Immigration v. Chong Fung Yuen
8329:
8315:
7679:"Gross Domestic Product – 2017 highlights"
7644:
7217:Summary of World Broadcasts: Asia, Pacific
7044:, Government of Hong Kong, 22 October 1997
6855:Summary of World Broadcasts: Asia, Pacific
5906:Office of the Telecommunications Authority
5837:
5362:
5360:
4395:Typhoon Ellen Batters Hong Kong, killing 6
3936:
3934:
2821:The first scripts of 1997 James Bond film
2651:The United States was represented by then
2458:Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre
2456:was erected in a public space outside the
2116:, was no longer played after closedown on
2026:Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Gardens
1515:, who read a farewell speech on behalf of
1502:Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre
881:
860:arrived as the 26th Governor of Hong Kong.
812:met Deng Xiaoping in his visit to Beijing.
481:"Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong" (
8721:Anti-Hong Kong Express Rail Link movement
7951:"Ban looms on songs with illegal content"
7101:
6928:Hong Kong after the change of sovereignty
6858:. British Broadcasting Corporation. 1997.
6632:Confusion over flags leaves Cenotaph bare
6194:
3966:
3964:
3876:
2612:
2354:, commemorating the establishment of the
1674:, with a separate legal system from that
1151:Premier of the People's Republic of China
1064:Learn how and when to remove this message
8821:Hong Kong Television Network controversy
8790:Moral and National Education controversy
8758:Vallejos v. Commissioner of Registration
7804:. Columbia University Press. p. 2.
7743:(April 2017), Vol. 24 Issue 1, pp 43–56.
7647:"Hong Kong since the handover in charts"
7481:Leisure and Cultural Services Department
6810:. Chinese University Press. p. 39.
6711:A Battle Royal Rocks Imperial Yacht Club
6164:Leisure and Cultural Services Department
4839:Singapore Lure Stirs Crowds In Hong Kong
4793:. Harvard University Press. p. 80.
4520:Daily Report: People's Republic of China
4117:
4104:
4085:
4083:
3977:Elections and Democracy in Greater China
3836:
3238:
3058:History of Chinese immigration to Canada
2787:, always having been an imperial power,
1884:remaining under the jurisdiction of the
1467:, which in turn was responsible for the
1415:British Nationality Act (Hong Kong) 1990
1232:
539:
7798:Chris Berry; Mary Ann Farquhar (2006).
7492:Ministry of Justice (Republic of China)
7308:
7282:Thomas Y.T. Luk; James P. Rice (2002).
6801:
6764:. Government Press. 1999. p. 354.
6379:
5843:
5819:Pope appoints Hong Kong bishop to Macau
5357:
3931:
3676:
3674:
3648:Legislative Council of Hong Kong record
3264:
2142:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
1809:Hong Kong mainland China driving scheme
9375:
8220:– Transcript broadcast on 13 June 1997
8130:Choy, Howard Y.F. (1 September 2007).
7507:
5924:. WRTH Publications Ltd. p. 642.
5051:
4783:
4336:
4154:
4024:
4014:from the original on 23 November 2016.
3970:
3961:
3111:(14th ed.). Sweet & Maxwell.
3063:Hong Kong people in the United Kingdom
2479:
2397:and no longer participated in related
2393:Hong Kong was no longer linked to the
2273:organisations that had been granted it
2012:Statues of British monarchs remained.
1890:Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association
758:24 March 1979: Hong Kong Governor Sir
318:special administrative region of China
9201:Removal of COVID-19 pandemic measures
8310:
7948:
7831:
7691:from the original on 21 December 2018
7659:from the original on 15 December 2018
7626:from the original on 21 December 2018
7596:from the original on 21 December 2018
7362:
7007:
6450:Simon N. M. Young; Yash Ghai (2014).
5956:International Telecommunication Union
5641:
5548:Celebrating 50 years of UK road signs
5101:
4941:Chinese Vancouver: A decade of change
4678:
4648:
4586:Hong Kong Legal Information Institute
4489:
4476:Summary of World Broadcasts: Far East
4365:
4340:Hong Kong's watershed: the 1967 riots
4208:
4182:Roger Buckley; Buckley Roger (1997).
4175:
4080:
4051:
3858:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3791:from the original on 23 November 2020
3785:"盧斯達:「內地」如何進佔香港 — 中共對語言用字的確切規定 (951)"
2802:
2486:Port and Airport Development Strategy
1994:. Hong Kong was not made part of the
1834:British nationality law and Hong Kong
1667:in Hong Kong from the PRC government.
1597:
1272:4 June 1989 Tiananmen Square protests
1182:
1013:
943:
355:, and in 1898, when Britain obtained
8230:Communist and Post-Communist Studies
8223:
8168:
8129:
8100:
7942:
7918:"Sam Hui 許冠傑 – 話知你97 (電影『新半斤八两』主題曲)"
7850:from the original on 18 October 2017
7752:
7540:from the original on 28 January 2011
7335:
6980:
6683:CE moves into Government House today
6660:Change in Hong Kong Is Slow but Sure
6582:Hong Kong forces withdrawal outlined
6273:Chris Patten – Governor of Hong Kong
5917:
5450:
5095:
5039:
4990:
4966:A tale of two solitudes written anew
4711:from the original on 5 November 2019
4617:
3671:
3496:. 10 January 1990. p. Headline.
3465:"吳學謙與英外相會談,側重於九七年中國收回香港香港成為特區" [
3198:
2271:" title was dropped from almost all
2062:was appointed by the United Kingdom.
1982:Hong Kong retained its own separate
1723:Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices
1489:
1411:British Nationality Selection Scheme
1296:
1277:The Basic Law was said to be a mini-
1158:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1046:adding citations to reliable sources
1017:
803:British Overseas Territories citizen
391:, which included events such as the
379:in 1999 under similar arrangements.
8947:Imprisonment of democracy activists
8300: (archived 12 December 1997) –
7741:American Journal of Chinese Studies
7562:. CNN. 15 July 1997. Archived from
6953:, Tenth Report of Session 2014–15,
5673:Visa-free access for HKSAR Passport
5130:
5027:
5015:
4636:from the original on 9 October 2014
4388:
4118:Cottrell, Robert (30 August 1992).
3802:
3782:
3346:from the original on 3 October 2015
3221:Vol. 28, No. 2 (May 1994): 317–337.
3172:
2795:) as marking the conclusion of the
2771:for the first time in its history (
2756:, and roughly equal to that of the
2179:Xinhua News Agency Hong Kong Branch
1882:Roman Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong
1862:Until 2021, it continued to have a
1652:, in order to visit mainland China.
1648:were still required to apply for a
1477:Legislative Council elected in 1995
815:30 September 1981: Chairman of the
628:UN General Assembly Resolution 2758
332:increased after the passing of the
13:
9433:Hong Kong–United Kingdom relations
9185:2022 Xi Jinping visit to Hong Kong
9083:LegCo candidates' disqualification
8916:LegCo candidates' disqualification
8162:
7990:from the original on 16 April 2017
7930:from the original on 23 April 2017
7801:China on Screen: Cinema and Nation
7129:Liberian consulate forced to close
6552:from the original on 16 April 2016
6182:from the original on 30 March 2016
6037:"ISO Online Browsing Platform: CN"
6017:from the original on 21 March 2016
5985:"ISO Online Browsing Platform: HK"
5719:
5374:from the original on 16 March 2016
5281:from the original on 29 March 2016
4857:6,000 from HK given residency here
4623:
3845:
3757:. 1997. p. 15. Archived from
3721:. 1997. p. 63. Archived from
3479:. 11 March 1988. p. Headline.
3416:. 20 March 1947. p. Headline.
3376:from the original on 13 March 2007
3305:from the original on 11 March 2021
3078:Transfer of sovereignty over Macau
2638:United States–Hong Kong Policy Act
2524:of Hong Kong. After the ceding of
2372:boxes. All others were re-painted.
2286:was removed from the crest of the
2251:, moved into the compound in 2007.
2221:Flags were no longer flown at the
2195:was represented in Hong Kong by a
2073:, was dissolved and replaced by a
1089:PRC's proposal on the 1997 issue.
647:The same year, on 8 November, the
14:
9459:
9252:Hong Kong–Mainland China conflict
9144:7th Legislative Council elections
8921:6th Legislative Council elections
8875:Causeway Bay Books disappearances
8800:5th Legislative Council elections
8658:4th Legislative Council elections
8544:3rd Legislative Council elections
8436:2nd Legislative Council elections
8383:1st Legislative Council elections
8261:
7949:Leung, Pak-hei (12 August 2021).
6043:from the original on 17 June 2016
5991:from the original on 17 June 2016
5432:from the original on 4 March 2016
5406:from the original on 3 March 2016
4814:In the Court of the King of Tonga
4666:from the original on 20 June 2016
4557:"The Joint Declaration – Annex 2"
3906:Feeling the stones: reminiscences
3682:"新华社新闻信息报道中的禁用词和慎用词(2019年2月最新修订)"
3555:from the original on 26 June 2018
3454:. 18 June 1967. p. Headline.
3317:Communist party general secretary
2492:Tiananmen Square protests of 1989
2212:British Forces Overseas Hong Kong
1921:ones. Hong Kong also adopted the
1849:Tiananmen Square protests of 1989
1303:Tiananmen Square protests of 1989
281:Hoeng1 gong2 zyu2 kyun4 ji4 gaau1
9423:Separatism in the United Kingdom
9360:
9348:
9336:
9324:
9304:2023 Hong Kong electoral changes
9211:2023 Hong Kong electoral changes
8123:
8077:
8052:
8027:
8002:
7970:
7910:
7887:
7862:
7832:Singh, Harminder (1 July 2016).
7791:
7773:
7746:
7733:
7721:from the original on 25 May 2017
7703:
7671:
7638:
7608:
7578:
7552:
7526:
7485:
7463:
7434:
7407:
7391:
7356:
7329:
7302:
7275:
7249:
7224:
7208:
7184:
7158:
7147:
7095:
7073:
7047:
7028:
7001:
6974:
6955:Foreign Affairs Select Committee
6937:
6903:
6878:
6862:
6846:
6824:
6795:
6778:
6752:
6729:
6676:
6625:
6600:
6575:
6564:
6538:
6515:
6492:
6470:
6443:
6421:
6398:
6373:
6350:
6325:
6315:
6289:
6266:
6244:
6238:, University Design Consortium,
6222:
6168:
6146:
6121:
6102:
6077:
6055:
6029:
6003:
5977:
5961:
5938:
5911:
5895:
5871:
5812:
5790:
5684:Hong Kong Immigration Department
5648:New entry plan for mainland cars
4287:Benefits of a three-legged stool
4243:China plotted Hong Kong invasion
4161:. Psychology Press. p. 45.
3865:The International History Review
3437:. 3 June 1948. p. Headline.
3267:"The Mousetrapping of Hong Kong"
3239:Davidson, Helen (30 June 2021).
3195:Number 17 (December 2015): 1–20.
2510:Views of the Kowloon Walled City
2388:Hong Kong Immigration Department
2382:, which reports directly to the
2024:'s statue similarly remained in
1939:Technical standards in Hong Kong
1914:telephone sockets to installing
1779:European Union roadway standards
1744:, which reports directly to the
1590:; and the first chief executive
1511:The principal British guest was
1430:
1257:Basic Law Consultative Committee
1113:Legislative Council of Hong Kong
1022:
831:6 January 1982: Chinese Premier
808:3 April 1981: Foreign Secretary
109:
98:
41:(right) being raised during the
27:
9413:1997 in international relations
9299:2021 Hong Kong electoral reform
9124:2021 Hong Kong electoral reform
8911:Legislative Council by-election
8726:Legislative Council by-election
8632:Legislative Council by-election
8570:Opening of Hong Kong Disneyland
8278:– On Air – January and May 1997
8274: (archived 16 June 1997) –
8224:Baum, Richard (December 1999).
6808:The Other Hong Kong Report 1998
6791:. Government Press. p. 30.
6439:Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal
5765:
5740:
5713:
5688:
5666:
5616:
5593:
5566:
5541:
5518:
5496:
5471:
5444:
5418:
5386:
5338:
5315:
5293:
5267:
5241:
5219:
5197:
5174:
5151:
5124:
5079:Hong Kong Night – Sunday 1 July
5072:
5045:
4984:
4959:
4934:
4918:
4900:
4875:
4850:
4832:
4807:
4777:
4752:
4592:
4549:
4527:
4510:
4483:
4466:
4442:
4417:
4330:
4305:
4280:
4261:
4236:
4202:
4148:
4045:
4018:
4002:"Studies on Contemporary China"
3994:
3830:
3811:
3776:
3740:
3704:
3688:. 29 March 2019. Archived from
3659:
3640:
3613:
3592:
3567:
3515:from the original on 3 May 2018
3500:
3427:"我政府健全後將促收回香港,英報謂我朝野均有此心" [
3093:
2496:Hong Kong International Airport
2384:Foreign and Commonwealth Office
2348:Hong Kong SAR Establishment Day
2144:as the highest court of appeal.
2120:. The Chinese national anthem,
2075:Provisional Legislative Council
1857:Hong Kong national security law
1781:, particularly those of the UK.
1716:International Olympic Committee
1473:Provisional Legislative Council
1437:1994 Hong Kong electoral reform
1373:), the United Kingdom (London,
1033:needs additional citations for
649:United Nations General Assembly
334:Hong Kong national security law
316:Hong Kong was established as a
280:
266:
199:
185:
9428:China–United Kingdom relations
9262:anti-parallel trading protests
9031:6th District Council elections
8993:Victor Mallet visa controversy
8890:5th District Council elections
8780:Protests against Kong Qingdong
8764:4th District Council elections
8627:3rd District Council elections
8518:2nd District Council elections
8409:1st District Council elections
8282:Hong Kong: The Return to China
8238:University of California Press
7715:Office for National Statistics
7645:Bland and Pong, Ben and Jane.
7363:Tsang, Steve Yui-Sang (2004).
7312:A Concise History of Hong Kong
6204:17 holidays to stay after 1997
5579:. Lonely Planet. p. 278.
5478:Is name change a game changer?
5275:"Hong Kong Monetary Authority"
3506:
3483:
3458:
3441:
3420:
3399:
3358:
3328:
3258:
3232:
3177:. Hong Kong University Press.
1959:Hong Kong retained a separate
1944:Hong Kong retained a separate
1925:devised in mainland China for
1508:on the night of 30 June 1997.
1145:Sino-British Joint Declaration
1139:Sino-British Joint Declaration
927:Special Administrative Regions
614:leased for 99 years until 1997
552:in 1860, and the lease of the
512:Sino-British Joint Declaration
365:Sino-British Joint Declaration
236:
222:
155:
141:
1:
9274:Leung Chun-ying–UGL agreement
9134:Apple Daily raids and arrests
9088:Apple Daily raids and arrests
8926:LegCo oath-taking controversy
8601:Demolition of Star Ferry Pier
8565:2005 Chief Executive election
8475:Article 23 legislation debate
8246:10.1016/S0967-067X(99)00019-7
8179:Journal of Contemporary China
8169:Chan, Ming K. (August 2003).
7366:A modern history of Hong Kong
5748:"Hong Kong's Rigged Election"
5333:Government Information Centre
5192:Government Information Centre
5169:Government Information Centre
3878:10.1080/07075332.2021.2024588
3545:"香港主權移交20週年:為什麼BBC中文網不說「回歸」?"
3340:The Christian Science Monitor
3225:
2686:British Dependent Territories
2110:The British national anthem,
1855:,. Upon the enactment of the
1617:Unchanged after 30 June 1997
1457:Preliminary Working Committee
1197:central government in Beijing
525:
384:British Dependent Territories
343:from 1941 to 1945. After the
267:Hēung góng jyú kyùhn yìh gāau
9267:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
9180:6th Chief Executive election
9165:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
9149:Stand News raids and arrests
9109:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
9058:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
9024:Prince Edward station attack
9014:2019–2020 Hong Kong protests
8952:CUHK democracy wall standoff
8942:5th Chief Executive election
8880:Drinking water contamination
8805:Lamma Island ferry collision
8785:4th Chief Executive election
8617:3rd Chief Executive election
8560:Resignation of Tung Chee-hwa
8470:2nd Chief Executive election
6747:Hong Kong Monetary Authority
4991:Fosh, Patricia, ed. (1999).
4385:, People's Republic of China
4337:Cheung, Gary Ka-wai (2009).
4158:Hong Kong: China's Challenge
2567:Communist Chinese government
2428:aircraft registration prefix
2275:, with the exception of the
1832:passports after 1997. (See:
1792:continued to be modelled on
1691:Hong Kong Monetary Authority
1336:, was also in great demand.
1220:(the then-Chief Executive).
842:10 March 1982: Vice Premier
425:
406:, as well as the subsequent
7:
7090:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
7080:About the Consulate-General
6871:Far Eastern Economic Review
6788:Hongkong Post Annual Report
4826:The New York Times Magazine
4383:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
4185:Hong Kong: The Road to 1997
4155:Yahuda, Michael B. (1996).
3947:. M.E. Sharpe. p. 45.
3903:Akers-Jones, David (2004).
3394:after recovering Hong Kong.
3088:Hong Kong–Mainland conflict
3051:
3041:'s historical-drama series
2929:of their security networks.
2717:British Antarctic Territory
2660:Hong Kong handover ceremony
2619:Republic of China on Taiwan
2450:A giant golden statue of a
2171:Central People's Government
2107:and other British premises.
1946:international dialling code
1826:British National (Overseas)
1794:those of the United Kingdom
1790:Vehicle registration plates
1620:Changed after 30 June 1997
1549:General Sir Charles Guthrie
1496:Hong Kong handover ceremony
1481:proportional representation
1326:British National (Overseas)
1210:mass demonstrations in 2014
43:Hong Kong handover ceremony
10:
9464:
9408:1997 in the United Kingdom
8580:WTO Ministerial Conference
5137:. Routledge. p. 198.
4406:United Press International
4025:Fravel, M. Taylor (2008).
3609:. 9 March 1984. p. 4.
3529:時用語就是「收回香港」。見《世紀風採》(2009年)
3451:The Kung Sheung Daily News
3434:The Kung Sheung Daily News
3413:The Kung Sheung Daily News
3265:Johnson, Chalmers (1984).
2862:Hong Kong Cantopop artist
2741:offshore financial centres
2669:
2513:
2483:
2277:Royal Hong Kong Yacht Club
2247:. However, his successor,
2103:now flew only outside the
2003:English Schools Foundation
1990:operating separately from
1873:It continued to have more
1623:
1545:chief of the Defence Staff
1493:
1434:
1393:), and the United States (
1354:In April 1997, the acting
1236:
1214:against an extradition law
1179:for a period of 50 years.
1142:
972:, with the then Governor,
923:National People's Congress
529:
460:Reunification of Hong Kong
455:
377:its transfer from Portugal
307:People's Republic of China
9244:
9224:
9193:
9157:
9101:
9068:National Anthem Ordinance
9050:
9043:
9006:
8960:
8934:
8898:
8867:
8842:Knife attack on Kevin Lau
8834:
8813:
8772:
8744:
8713:
8706:
8681:
8648:Edison Chen photo scandal
8640:
8609:
8596:Opening of Ngong Ping 360
8588:
8552:
8536:
8483:
8462:
8444:
8428:
8421:
8396:
8375:
8354:
8347:
7516:. U.S. Diane Publishing.
7309:Carroll, John M. (2007).
7108:. Routledge. p. 78.
6842:Hong Kong Bar Association
6736:Viewpoint: Bauhinia Coins
6723:Christian Science Monitor
5350:12 September 2014 at the
4872:, 21 September 1989, p. 2
4436:Christian Science Monitor
2911:The 2012 James Bond film
2666:End of the British Empire
2596:Joint Declaration in 1984
2380:British Consulate-General
2332:Queen's Official Birthday
2297:Legal references to the "
2126:, was now played instead.
2105:British Consulate-General
1851:continuing to be held in
1619:
1616:
1610:Before and after handover
835:received Lord Privy Seal
519:
507:
499:
486:
475:
467:
447:
430:Following the end of the
291:
273:
259:
252:
247:
243:
229:
215:
210:
192:
178:
171:
166:
162:
148:
134:
130:
125:
93:
83:
67:
49:
26:
9443:July 1997 events in Asia
8968:Tai Po Road bus accident
8302:South China Morning Post
8064:20 November 2015 at the
8046:South China Morning Post
7839:South China Morning Post
7431:, 29 January 1987, p. c9
7261:South China Morning Post
7203:South China Morning Post
7180:Hong Kong SAR Government
7141:South China Morning Post
7102:Horlemann, Ralf (2003).
6934:, January 1999, issue 92
6890:15 December 2016 at the
6644:South China Morning Post
6637:19 November 2018 at the
6433:30 December 2015 at the
6410:16 February 2018 at the
6240:Arizona State University
6216:South China Morning Post
6118:, Hong Kong Police Force
6096:South China Morning Post
5844:Spiegel, Mickey (2002).
5784:South China Morning Post
5660:South China Morning Post
5653:23 February 2012 at the
5635:South China Morning Post
5327:8 September 2004 at the
4946:16 November 2014 at the
4739:South China Morning Post
4400:22 February 2017 at the
4299:South China Morning Post
4220:Harvard University Press
4097:22 February 2017 at the
3665:Parliament of Australia
3162:(Westview Press, 1990).
3083:Hong Kong 1 July marches
2884:Chinese American rapper
2783:upon the passing of the
2444:South China Morning Post
2441:Newspapers, such as the
2204:People's Liberation Army
1950:telephone numbering plan
1705:World Trade Organization
1176:One country, two systems
1103:would be established in
938:One country, two systems
747:
416:Charles, Prince of Wales
369:one country, two systems
217:Traditional Chinese
136:Traditional Chinese
9093:LegCo mass resignations
9078:Pro-democracy primaries
8668:Global Financial Crisis
8528:Murder of Robert Kissel
8496:2002–2004 SARS outbreak
7339:Hong Kong metamorphosis
7176:Hong Kong Yearbook 1997
7008:Cragg, Claudia (1993).
6910:Warning: Deadline Ahead
6694:Government of Hong Kong
6067:20 January 2016 at the
5921:World Radio TV Handbook
5611:University of Hong Kong
5102:Crean, Jeffrey (2024).
4411:Sarasota Herald-Tribune
4316:. C.E.F.C. p. 13.
4052:Zhang, Wei-Bin (2006).
3859:Hurst, Matthew (2022).
3837:Beeching, Jack (1975).
3634:25 October 2018 at the
3579:Hong Kong e-Legislation
3173:Loh, Christine (2010).
2811:made a sci-fi thriller
2399:organisations or events
2305:who had been appointed
2123:March of the Volunteers
1996:Chinese postcode system
1868:Chinese Communist Party
1784:Hong Kong continued to
1672:common law jurisdiction
1471:and the members of the
1317:in the United Kingdom.
1311:Legislative Councillors
1174:In accordance with the
929:(SARs) when necessary.
882:Before the negotiations
753:Major events, 1979–1997
440:Chinese Communist Party
313:, which began in 1841.
231:Simplified Chinese
200:Hoeng1 gong2 wui4 gwai1
150:Simplified Chinese
9283:National security law
8503:Death of Leslie Cheung
8367:Asian Financial Crisis
8268:The Hong Kong handover
8192:10.1080/10670560305473
8144:10.4000/transtexts.138
7711:"Population estimates"
7586:"Hong Kong SAR, China"
7536:. CNN. 16 April 1997.
7501:16 August 2019 at the
6981:Ghai, Yash P. (1997).
6961:, 6 March 2015, p. 16
6785:Hongkong Post (1996).
6527:19 August 2017 at the
6332:Lau in passport battle
6073:Universal Postal Union
5850:. Human Rights Watch.
5215:Immigration Department
5186:9 January 2015 at the
5084:19 August 2007 at the
4539:3 January 2008 at the
3839:The Chinese Opium Wars
3653:6 October 2018 at the
2941:Sympathy for the Devil
2754:districts of Hong Kong
2745:British Virgin Islands
2698:gross domestic product
2646:United States Congress
2613:International reaction
2466:Reunification Monument
2462:Golden Bauhinia Square
2324:was the highest award.
2318:British honours system
2309:would now be known as
2290:, and replaced by the
2288:Hong Kong Police Force
1819:Hong Kong SAR passport
1650:Mainland Travel Permit
878:
689:British Prime Minister
645:
557:
55:; 27 years ago
9383:Handover of Hong Kong
9175:Witman Hung partygate
9129:Oath-taking rules law
8847:2014 electoral reform
8736:Manila hostage crisis
8731:2010 electoral reform
8575:2005 electoral reform
8404:Right of abode debate
8362:Handover of Hong Kong
8089:16 April 2016 at the
8017:14 April 2016 at the
7899:12 March 2017 at the
7475:23 March 2016 at the
7196:27 March 2016 at the
7134:26 April 2016 at the
7085:26 April 2020 at the
6587:10 April 2016 at the
6488:Department of Justice
6482:12 April 2016 at the
6362:16 March 2014 at the
6337:27 April 2016 at the
6158:21 March 2016 at the
6114:16 March 2016 at the
5824:20 April 2016 at the
5802:28 March 2016 at the
5700:19 April 2016 at the
5678:31 March 2016 at the
5605:12 April 2016 at the
5514:Department of Justice
5508:11 April 2016 at the
5451:Yang, Ru Wan (2007).
5305:11 April 2016 at the
5231:31 March 2016 at the
5209:25 March 2016 at the
5052:Chinoy, Mike (1999).
4971:18 April 2016 at the
4862:20 April 2016 at the
4764:24 April 2016 at the
4454:14 April 2016 at the
4429:11 April 2016 at the
4292:27 April 2016 at the
4273:16 April 2016 at the
3783:盧斯達 (26 March 2014).
2725:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
2164:Secretary for Justice
2138:Court of Final Appeal
2016:'s statue remains in
1967:. It also retained a
1892:on the mainland. The
1721:Hong Kong maintained
1670:Hong Kong remained a
1556:CCP general secretary
1344:predominantly Chinese
1307:Executive Councillors
1233:Drafting of Basic Law
755:
714:to London, including
712:Executive Councillors
656:Governor of Hong Kong
640:
543:
299:handover of Hong Kong
126:Handover of Hong Kong
22:Handover of Hong Kong
9388:History of Hong Kong
8906:Mongkok civil unrest
8857:Beating of Ken Tsang
8338:History of Hong Kong
8112:24 July 2016 at the
8071:Entertainment Weekly
7894:A Death in Hong Kong
7753:Wang, Yiman (2013).
7446:30 June 2016 at the
7423:, Michael Browning,
7419:30 June 2016 at the
7336:Bray, Denis (2001).
7170:4 March 2016 at the
7040:13 June 2018 at the
6968:19 July 2018 at the
6874:. 1968. p. 450.
6836:5 March 2016 at the
6741:4 March 2016 at the
6716:8 April 2016 at the
6688:3 March 2016 at the
6665:24 July 2016 at the
6612:4 March 2016 at the
6504:24 July 2016 at the
6278:2 April 2018 at the
6256:8 April 2016 at the
6234:8 April 2016 at the
6089:30 June 2016 at the
5950:4 March 2016 at the
5883:9 April 2016 at the
5777:24 June 2016 at the
5530:9 April 2016 at the
5483:3 March 2016 at the
5163:4 March 2016 at the
4887:24 July 2016 at the
4819:24 July 2016 at the
4790:Corruption by Design
4707:. 4 September 2019.
4377:1 April 2016 at the
4252:, Michael Sheridan,
4248:8 April 2016 at the
3372:. 15 November 2000.
3219:Modern Asian Studies
2996:. The game gained a
2951:The 2014 video game
2777:colonial possessions
2528:to Britain in 1842 (
2322:Grand Bauhinia Medal
2162:was replaced by the
2151:was replaced by the
1979:CN-91 was also used.
1875:freedom of the press
1676:used in the mainland
1519:. The newly elected
1360:US Consulate-General
1042:improve this article
893:Convention of Peking
678:Mass Transit Railway
597:Stonecutter's Island
589:Convention of Peking
532:History of Hong Kong
186:Hēung góng wùih gwāi
9206:Murder of Abby Choi
8972:LegCo by-elections
8852:Umbrella Revolution
8218:on 26 October 2000.
6949:25 May 2017 at the
6932:Offshore Investment
6219:, 12 September 1994
6133:eng.chinamil.com.cn
5878:Fast Facts in China
5553:6 July 2016 at the
5335:, 30 September 2000
5108:Bloomsbury Academic
4490:Scott, Ian (1989).
4414:, 10 September 1983
4222:. pp. 496–97.
3629:Hong Kong Year Book
3199:Sing, Ming (2004).
3027:Infernal Affairs II
2954:Wargame: Red Dragon
2824:Tomorrow Never Dies
2758:City of Westminster
2625:on 2 April 1997 by
2516:Kowloon Walled City
2480:Rose Garden Project
2118:television stations
2082:Legislative Council
2067:Legislative Council
2056:Selection Committee
1923:digital TV standard
1847:to commemorate the
1815:Hong Kong residents
1746:Department of State
1646:Hong Kong residents
1574:; Vice premier and
1475:which replaced the
1465:Selection Committee
1450:Legislative Council
1356:immigration officer
1342:, which also had a
1239:Hong Kong Basic Law
1204:as promised by the
993:Financial Secretary
584:ceded in perpetuity
412:a handover ceremony
353:Stonecutters Island
341:Japanese occupation
23:
9418:1990s in Hong Kong
8673:Sai Kung bus crash
8523:Death of Anita Mui
8226:"Enter the dragon"
8118:The New York Times
8116:, Stephen Holden,
8049:, 12 November 2012
8039:3 May 2016 at the
7986:. 23 August 2008.
7907:, 27 February 2009
7877:8 May 2016 at the
7566:on 19 January 2013
7263:. 1 September 2023
6749:, 18 November 1999
6671:The New York Times
6622:, 31 December 2001
6512:, 20 February 2000
6510:The New York Times
6418:, 25 November 2015
6357:God Save the Queen
6347:, 16 December 1997
6209:3 May 2016 at the
6099:, 19 November 2013
5958:, 19 February 2013
5663:, 9 February 2012.
5638:, 14 December 2012
5628:3 May 2016 at the
5194:, 15 February 2012
4978:The Globe and Mail
4929:legislation.gov.uk
4894:The New York Times
4759:A Rough Road ahead
4660:The New York Times
4314:China Perspectives
3342:. 1 October 1982.
3148:(Springer, 1998).
3068:Hong Kong Act 1985
2981:, a 1995 Japanese
2935:Doctor Who Unbound
2814:The Midnight After
2803:In popular culture
2785:Acts of Union 1707
2781:Kingdom of England
2731:, itself a former
2690:introduced in 2002
2656:Madeleine Albright
2653:Secretary of State
2342:being replaced by
2255:Queen Elizabeth II
2113:God Save the Queen
2086:indirectly elected
2048:head of government
1738:consulates-general
1598:Additional effects
1517:Queen Elizabeth II
1407:San Gabriel Valley
1249:Drafting Committee
1202:universal suffrage
1189:legislative system
1183:Universal suffrage
1014:British concession
970:1967 Leftist riots
944:Negotiations begin
777:Conservative Party
702:In the same year,
654:In March 1979 the
599:additionally ceded
558:
326:central government
21:
9398:1997 in Hong Kong
9393:British Hong Kong
9312:
9311:
9279:COVID-19 pandemic
9240:
9239:
9170:COVID-19 pandemic
9114:COVID-19 pandemic
9063:COVID-19 pandemic
9039:
9038:
8702:
8701:
8513:2003 July 1 march
8417:
8416:
8276:BBC World Service
8074:, 4 November 1994
7811:978-0-231-13706-5
7766:978-988-8139-16-3
7376:978-1-86064-184-8
7349:978-962-209-550-2
7322:978-0-7425-7469-4
7295:978-962-8072-09-5
7144:, 10 October 1997
7115:978-1-134-43411-4
7061:on 19 August 2014
7021:978-0-89384-204-8
6994:978-962-209-463-5
6817:978-962-201-829-7
6696:, 12 January 2006
6535:, 21 January 2000
6463:978-1-107-01121-2
6391:978-0-415-60252-5
5931:978-0-9555481-1-6
5834:, 16 January 2016
5733:978-962-209-809-1
5720:Ma, Ngok (2007).
5586:978-1-74104-665-6
5464:978-962-996-357-6
5260:978-988-98673-1-7
5144:978-1-134-12464-0
5117:978-1-350-23394-2
5065:978-0-8476-9318-4
5002:978-0-415-22269-3
4981:, 26 October 2001
4800:978-0-674-04051-9
4503:978-0-8248-1269-0
4350:978-962-209-089-7
4323:978-962-209-206-8
4229:978-0-674-05544-5
4195:978-0-521-46979-1
4168:978-0-415-14071-3
4065:978-1-59454-600-6
4038:978-1-4008-2887-6
3987:978-0-19-158351-3
3954:978-1-56324-870-2
3916:978-962-209-655-4
3805:究竟香港人做錯咩 — 盧斯達評論集
3175:Underground front
3144:Flowerdew, John.
3137:978-0-19-928438-2
3118:978-0-421-88360-4
3101:Collins, Lawrence
3002:very poor quality
2946:Jonathan Clements
2871:Queen's Road East
2856:Murder, She Wrote
2727:on the island of
2563:Republic of China
2530:Treaty of Nanjing
2522:Kowloon Peninsula
2477:
2476:
2453:Bauhinia blakeana
2403:Consular missions
2356:Republic of China
1952:from that of the
1888:, instead of the
1786:drive on the left
1742:Consulate General
1631:in parallel with
1560:Chinese president
1551:, also attended.
1529:foreign secretary
1490:Handover ceremony
1297:Tide of migration
1247:was drafted by a
1161:Margaret Thatcher
1074:
1073:
1066:
904:Republic of China
792:Margaret Thatcher
731:Margaret Thatcher
696:Margaret Thatcher
664:CCP vice chairman
593:Kowloon Peninsula
578:Treaty of Nanking
550:Kowloon Peninsula
544:Britain acquired
536:British Hong Kong
404:Fall of Singapore
349:Kowloon Peninsula
295:
294:
287:
286:
261:Yale Romanization
206:
205:
180:Yale Romanization
121:
120:
33:The flags of the
9455:
9365:
9364:
9353:
9352:
9351:
9341:
9340:
9339:
9329:
9328:
9327:
9320:
9257:football rivalry
9048:
9047:
9019:Yuen Long attack
8998:Typhoon Mangkhut
8795:Plastic disaster
8711:
8710:
8689:East Asian Games
8426:
8425:
8352:
8351:
8331:
8324:
8317:
8308:
8307:
8257:
8219:
8214:. Archived from
8203:
8175:
8156:
8155:
8127:
8121:
8104:
8098:
8097:, 21 August 2012
8081:
8075:
8056:
8050:
8031:
8025:
8012:(James Bond 007)
8006:
8000:
7999:
7997:
7995:
7974:
7968:
7967:
7965:
7963:
7946:
7940:
7939:
7937:
7935:
7914:
7908:
7891:
7885:
7866:
7860:
7859:
7857:
7855:
7829:
7816:
7815:
7795:
7789:
7788:
7777:
7771:
7770:
7750:
7744:
7737:
7731:
7730:
7728:
7726:
7707:
7701:
7700:
7698:
7696:
7690:
7683:
7675:
7669:
7668:
7666:
7664:
7642:
7636:
7635:
7633:
7631:
7616:"United Kingdom"
7612:
7606:
7605:
7603:
7601:
7582:
7576:
7575:
7573:
7571:
7556:
7550:
7549:
7547:
7545:
7530:
7524:
7511:
7505:
7489:
7483:
7467:
7461:
7452:Associated Press
7438:
7432:
7411:
7405:
7395:
7389:
7388:
7360:
7354:
7353:
7333:
7327:
7326:
7306:
7300:
7299:
7279:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7268:
7253:
7247:
7246:
7244:
7242:
7236:www.jonesday.com
7228:
7222:
7221:
7212:
7206:
7188:
7182:
7162:
7156:
7151:
7145:
7126:
7120:
7119:
7099:
7093:
7077:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7066:
7057:. Archived from
7051:
7045:
7032:
7026:
7025:
7005:
6999:
6998:
6978:
6972:
6959:House of Commons
6941:
6935:
6925:
6919:
6907:
6901:
6900:, 7 October 2015
6882:
6876:
6875:
6866:
6860:
6859:
6850:
6844:
6828:
6822:
6821:
6799:
6793:
6792:
6782:
6776:
6775:
6756:
6750:
6733:
6727:
6708:
6697:
6680:
6674:
6673:, 9 October 1997
6657:
6648:
6629:
6623:
6604:
6598:
6579:
6573:
6568:
6562:
6561:
6559:
6557:
6542:
6536:
6519:
6513:
6496:
6490:
6474:
6468:
6467:
6447:
6441:
6425:
6419:
6402:
6396:
6395:
6377:
6371:
6354:
6348:
6329:
6323:
6319:
6313:
6312:
6310:
6308:
6299:. Archived from
6293:
6287:
6270:
6264:
6248:
6242:
6226:
6220:
6201:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6187:
6172:
6166:
6150:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6139:
6125:
6119:
6106:
6100:
6081:
6075:
6059:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6048:
6033:
6027:
6026:
6024:
6022:
6007:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5996:
5981:
5975:
5974:
5965:
5959:
5945:Hong Kong, China
5942:
5936:
5935:
5915:
5909:
5899:
5893:
5875:
5869:
5868:
5866:
5864:
5841:
5835:
5816:
5810:
5794:
5788:
5787:, 6 October 2015
5769:
5763:
5762:
5760:
5758:
5744:
5738:
5737:
5717:
5711:
5692:
5686:
5670:
5664:
5645:
5639:
5620:
5614:
5597:
5591:
5590:
5570:
5564:
5563:, 8 January 2015
5545:
5539:
5522:
5516:
5500:
5494:
5475:
5469:
5468:
5448:
5442:
5441:
5439:
5437:
5422:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5405:
5398:
5390:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5364:
5355:
5342:
5336:
5319:
5313:
5297:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5286:
5271:
5265:
5264:
5245:
5239:
5223:
5217:
5201:
5195:
5178:
5172:
5171:, 8 January 2003
5155:
5149:
5148:
5128:
5122:
5121:
5099:
5093:
5076:
5070:
5069:
5049:
5043:
5037:
5031:
5025:
5019:
5013:
5007:
5006:
4988:
4982:
4963:
4957:
4938:
4932:
4922:
4916:
4907:Smuggling People
4904:
4898:
4879:
4873:
4854:
4848:
4836:
4830:
4811:
4805:
4804:
4781:
4775:
4756:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4730:
4724:
4723:
4718:
4716:
4695:
4689:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4671:
4652:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4641:
4630:About.com Travel
4621:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4610:
4604:www.fmprc.gov.cn
4596:
4590:
4589:
4578:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4553:
4547:
4531:
4525:
4524:
4514:
4508:
4507:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4470:
4464:
4446:
4440:
4439:, 4 October 1983
4421:
4415:
4392:
4386:
4369:
4363:
4362:
4334:
4328:
4327:
4309:
4303:
4284:
4278:
4265:
4259:
4255:The Sunday Times
4240:
4234:
4233:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4179:
4173:
4172:
4152:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4136:on 9 August 2009
4132:. Archived from
4115:
4102:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4022:
4016:
4015:
3998:
3992:
3991:
3968:
3959:
3958:
3938:
3929:
3928:
3900:
3891:
3890:
3880:
3871:(6): 1386–1401.
3856:
3843:
3842:
3834:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3764:on 19 April 2014
3763:
3752:
3744:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3728:on 19 April 2014
3727:
3716:
3708:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3692:on 20 April 2021
3678:
3669:
3663:
3657:
3644:
3638:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3551:. 30 June 2017.
3541:
3532:
3531:
3522:
3520:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3445:
3439:
3438:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3383:
3381:
3362:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3312:
3310:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3236:
3214:
3193:Cold War History
3188:
3141:
3122:
3004:and absurd plot.
2921:who had been an
2621:promulgated the
2574:Hong Kong Police
2526:Hong Kong Island
2361:Many of the red
2344:PRC National Day
2241:Government House
2160:Attorney General
2131:Hong Kong, China
1969:top-level domain
1927:TV transmissions
1901:electrical plugs
1870:in the mainland.
1736:Many countries'
1687:Hong Kong dollar
1614:
1613:
1576:foreign minister
1535:; the departing
1523:prime minister,
1169:Hong Kong Island
1097:Jardine Matheson
1069:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1049:
1026:
1018:
856:8 May 1982: Sir
775:3 May 1979: The
760:Murray MacLehose
738:unequal treaties
660:Murray MacLehose
612:outlying islands
582:Hong Kong Island
546:Hong Kong Island
521:
509:
501:
488:
477:
469:
457:
449:
432:Second World War
389:Second World War
283:
282:
269:
268:
245:
244:
239:
238:
225:
224:
202:
201:
188:
187:
164:
163:
158:
157:
144:
143:
123:
122:
114:
113:
103:
102:
63:
61:
56:
53:1 July 1997
31:
24:
20:
9463:
9462:
9458:
9457:
9456:
9454:
9453:
9452:
9373:
9372:
9371:
9359:
9349:
9347:
9337:
9335:
9325:
9323:
9315:
9313:
9308:
9236:
9220:
9189:
9153:
9139:Police stabbing
9097:
9035:
9002:
8956:
8930:
8894:
8863:
8830:
8809:
8768:
8740:
8698:
8677:
8636:
8605:
8584:
8548:
8532:
8479:
8458:
8440:
8413:
8392:
8371:
8343:
8335:
8298:Wayback Machine
8287:Washington Post
8272:Wayback Machine
8264:
8206:
8186:(36): 493–518.
8173:
8165:
8163:Further reading
8160:
8159:
8128:
8124:
8114:Wayback Machine
8105:
8101:
8091:Wayback Machine
8082:
8078:
8066:Wayback Machine
8057:
8053:
8041:Wayback Machine
8032:
8028:
8019:Wayback Machine
8007:
8003:
7993:
7991:
7976:
7975:
7971:
7961:
7959:
7947:
7943:
7933:
7931:
7916:
7915:
7911:
7901:Wayback Machine
7892:
7888:
7879:Wayback Machine
7867:
7863:
7853:
7851:
7830:
7819:
7812:
7796:
7792:
7779:
7778:
7774:
7767:
7751:
7747:
7738:
7734:
7724:
7722:
7709:
7708:
7704:
7694:
7692:
7688:
7681:
7677:
7676:
7672:
7662:
7660:
7652:Financial Times
7643:
7639:
7629:
7627:
7614:
7613:
7609:
7599:
7597:
7584:
7583:
7579:
7569:
7567:
7558:
7557:
7553:
7543:
7541:
7532:
7531:
7527:
7512:
7508:
7503:Wayback Machine
7490:
7486:
7477:Wayback Machine
7468:
7464:
7448:Wayback Machine
7439:
7435:
7421:Wayback Machine
7412:
7408:
7396:
7392:
7377:
7361:
7357:
7350:
7334:
7330:
7323:
7307:
7303:
7296:
7280:
7276:
7266:
7264:
7255:
7254:
7250:
7240:
7238:
7230:
7229:
7225:
7214:
7213:
7209:
7198:Wayback Machine
7189:
7185:
7172:Wayback Machine
7163:
7159:
7152:
7148:
7136:Wayback Machine
7127:
7123:
7116:
7100:
7096:
7087:Wayback Machine
7078:
7074:
7064:
7062:
7053:
7052:
7048:
7042:Wayback Machine
7033:
7029:
7022:
7006:
7002:
6995:
6979:
6975:
6970:Wayback Machine
6951:Wayback Machine
6942:
6938:
6926:
6922:
6918:, 11 April 1997
6908:
6904:
6892:Wayback Machine
6883:
6879:
6868:
6867:
6863:
6852:
6851:
6847:
6838:Wayback Machine
6829:
6825:
6818:
6800:
6796:
6783:
6779:
6772:
6758:
6757:
6753:
6743:Wayback Machine
6734:
6730:
6718:Wayback Machine
6709:
6700:
6690:Wayback Machine
6681:
6677:
6667:Wayback Machine
6658:
6651:
6639:Wayback Machine
6630:
6626:
6614:Wayback Machine
6605:
6601:
6594:The Independent
6589:Wayback Machine
6580:
6576:
6569:
6565:
6555:
6553:
6544:
6543:
6539:
6529:Wayback Machine
6520:
6516:
6506:Wayback Machine
6497:
6493:
6484:Wayback Machine
6475:
6471:
6464:
6448:
6444:
6435:Wayback Machine
6426:
6422:
6412:Wayback Machine
6403:
6399:
6392:
6378:
6374:
6364:Wayback Machine
6355:
6351:
6344:The Independent
6339:Wayback Machine
6330:
6326:
6320:
6316:
6306:
6304:
6303:on 3 March 2016
6295:
6294:
6290:
6280:Wayback Machine
6271:
6267:
6258:Wayback Machine
6249:
6245:
6236:Wayback Machine
6227:
6223:
6211:Wayback Machine
6202:
6195:
6185:
6183:
6174:
6173:
6169:
6160:Wayback Machine
6151:
6147:
6137:
6135:
6127:
6126:
6122:
6116:Wayback Machine
6107:
6103:
6091:Wayback Machine
6082:
6078:
6069:Wayback Machine
6062:Hongkong, China
6060:
6056:
6046:
6044:
6035:
6034:
6030:
6020:
6018:
6009:
6008:
6004:
5994:
5992:
5983:
5982:
5978:
5967:
5966:
5962:
5952:Wayback Machine
5943:
5939:
5932:
5916:
5912:
5900:
5896:
5885:Wayback Machine
5876:
5872:
5862:
5860:
5858:
5842:
5838:
5826:Wayback Machine
5817:
5813:
5804:Wayback Machine
5795:
5791:
5779:Wayback Machine
5770:
5766:
5756:
5754:
5752:thediplomat.com
5746:
5745:
5741:
5734:
5718:
5714:
5702:Wayback Machine
5693:
5689:
5680:Wayback Machine
5671:
5667:
5655:Wayback Machine
5646:
5642:
5630:Wayback Machine
5621:
5617:
5607:Wayback Machine
5598:
5594:
5587:
5571:
5567:
5555:Wayback Machine
5546:
5542:
5532:Wayback Machine
5523:
5519:
5510:Wayback Machine
5501:
5497:
5485:Wayback Machine
5476:
5472:
5465:
5449:
5445:
5435:
5433:
5424:
5423:
5419:
5409:
5407:
5403:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5377:
5375:
5366:
5365:
5358:
5352:Wayback Machine
5343:
5339:
5329:Wayback Machine
5320:
5316:
5307:Wayback Machine
5298:
5294:
5284:
5282:
5273:
5272:
5268:
5261:
5247:
5246:
5242:
5233:Wayback Machine
5224:
5220:
5211:Wayback Machine
5202:
5198:
5188:Wayback Machine
5179:
5175:
5165:Wayback Machine
5156:
5152:
5145:
5129:
5125:
5118:
5100:
5096:
5086:Wayback Machine
5077:
5073:
5066:
5050:
5046:
5038:
5034:
5026:
5022:
5014:
5010:
5003:
4989:
4985:
4973:Wayback Machine
4964:
4960:
4948:Wayback Machine
4939:
4935:
4923:
4919:
4915:, 17 March 1997
4905:
4901:
4889:Wayback Machine
4880:
4876:
4864:Wayback Machine
4855:
4851:
4844:Chicago Tribune
4837:
4833:
4821:Wayback Machine
4812:
4808:
4801:
4785:Manion, Melanie
4782:
4778:
4766:Wayback Machine
4757:
4753:
4743:
4741:
4731:
4727:
4714:
4712:
4697:
4696:
4692:
4683:
4679:
4669:
4667:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4639:
4637:
4622:
4618:
4608:
4606:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4580:
4579:
4575:
4565:
4563:
4561:www.cmab.gov.hk
4555:
4554:
4550:
4541:Wayback Machine
4532:
4528:
4515:
4511:
4504:
4488:
4484:
4471:
4467:
4456:Wayback Machine
4447:
4443:
4431:Wayback Machine
4422:
4418:
4402:Wayback Machine
4393:
4389:
4379:Wayback Machine
4370:
4366:
4351:
4335:
4331:
4324:
4310:
4306:
4302:, 26 April 2004
4294:Wayback Machine
4285:
4281:
4275:Wayback Machine
4266:
4262:
4250:Wayback Machine
4241:
4237:
4230:
4207:
4203:
4196:
4180:
4176:
4169:
4153:
4149:
4139:
4137:
4125:The Independent
4116:
4105:
4099:Wayback Machine
4088:
4081:
4066:
4050:
4046:
4039:
4023:
4019:
4010:. 2 June 2000.
4000:
3999:
3995:
3988:
3972:Pepper, Suzzane
3969:
3962:
3955:
3939:
3932:
3917:
3901:
3894:
3857:
3846:
3835:
3831:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3794:
3792:
3781:
3777:
3767:
3765:
3761:
3750:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3731:
3729:
3725:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3695:
3693:
3680:
3679:
3672:
3664:
3660:
3655:Wayback Machine
3645:
3641:
3636:Wayback Machine
3618:
3614:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3583:
3581:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3558:
3556:
3543:
3542:
3535:
3518:
3516:
3505:
3501:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3447:
3446:
3442:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3379:
3377:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3349:
3347:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3308:
3306:
3283:10.2307/2644075
3263:
3259:
3249:
3247:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3211:
3185:
3138:
3119:
3096:
3054:
2969:movie starring
2869:The 1991 song "
2805:
2710:Chinese economy
2678:
2668:
2629:Order, and the
2615:
2544:New Territories
2518:
2512:
2488:
2482:
2464:, along with a
2340:Remembrance Day
2328:Public holidays
2307:Queen's Counsel
2235:Royal Air Force
2071:elected in 1995
2044:chief executive
1984:postal services
1975:. However, the
1845:annual memorial
1830:British citizen
1612:
1600:
1568:Chinese premier
1498:
1492:
1439:
1433:
1299:
1241:
1235:
1185:
1147:
1141:
1101:holding company
1070:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1039:
1027:
1016:
1006:The Independent
946:
884:
879:
837:Humphrey Atkins
810:Lord Carrington
754:
750:
608:New Territories
554:New Territories
538:
528:
428:
395:Prince of Wales
361:New Territories
357:a 99-year lease
345:First Opium War
108:
107:
97:
59:
57:
54:
45:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9461:
9451:
9450:
9448:Decolonization
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9425:
9420:
9415:
9410:
9405:
9400:
9395:
9390:
9385:
9370:
9369:
9357:
9355:United Kingdom
9345:
9333:
9310:
9309:
9307:
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9276:
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9241:
9238:
9237:
9235:
9234:
9228:
9226:
9222:
9221:
9219:
9218:
9216:2023 Gay Games
9213:
9208:
9203:
9197:
9195:
9191:
9190:
9188:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9172:
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8665:
8660:
8655:
8650:
8644:
8642:
8638:
8637:
8635:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8622:MTR–KCR merger
8619:
8613:
8611:
8607:
8606:
8604:
8603:
8598:
8592:
8590:
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8390:
8385:
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8372:
8370:
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8364:
8358:
8356:
8349:
8345:
8344:
8334:
8333:
8326:
8319:
8311:
8305:
8304:
8291:
8290:Special Report
8279:
8263:
8262:External links
8260:
8259:
8258:
8221:
8208:"Four Corners"
8204:
8164:
8161:
8158:
8157:
8122:
8099:
8076:
8051:
8026:
8010:Zero Minus Ten
8001:
7969:
7941:
7909:
7886:
7861:
7817:
7810:
7790:
7772:
7765:
7745:
7732:
7702:
7670:
7637:
7607:
7577:
7551:
7525:
7506:
7484:
7462:
7433:
7429:Ottawa Citizen
7406:
7390:
7375:
7355:
7348:
7328:
7321:
7301:
7294:
7274:
7248:
7223:
7207:
7183:
7157:
7146:
7121:
7114:
7094:
7072:
7046:
7027:
7020:
7000:
6993:
6973:
6936:
6920:
6902:
6877:
6861:
6845:
6823:
6816:
6794:
6777:
6770:
6751:
6728:
6726:, 10 June 1996
6698:
6675:
6649:
6647:, 21 July 1997
6624:
6619:People's Daily
6599:
6597:, 19 July 1993
6574:
6563:
6537:
6514:
6491:
6469:
6462:
6442:
6420:
6397:
6390:
6372:
6349:
6324:
6314:
6288:
6265:
6243:
6221:
6193:
6167:
6145:
6120:
6101:
6076:
6054:
6028:
6002:
5976:
5960:
5937:
5930:
5910:
5894:
5870:
5856:
5836:
5811:
5789:
5764:
5739:
5732:
5712:
5710:, 4 June 2015.
5687:
5665:
5640:
5615:
5592:
5585:
5565:
5540:
5517:
5495:
5493:, 17 July 2011
5470:
5463:
5443:
5417:
5385:
5356:
5337:
5314:
5292:
5266:
5259:
5240:
5218:
5196:
5173:
5150:
5143:
5123:
5116:
5094:
5092:, 27 June 2007
5071:
5064:
5044:
5042:, p. 158.
5032:
5030:, p. 188.
5020:
5018:, p. 187.
5008:
5001:
4983:
4958:
4956:, 30 June 2007
4933:
4917:
4899:
4897:, 6 April 1997
4874:
4849:
4847:, 12 July 1989
4831:
4806:
4799:
4776:
4774:, 1 March 1990
4751:
4725:
4690:
4688:, 28 June 1997
4677:
4647:
4624:Boland, Rory.
4616:
4591:
4573:
4548:
4526:
4509:
4502:
4482:
4465:
4441:
4416:
4387:
4364:
4349:
4329:
4322:
4304:
4279:
4260:
4258:, 25 June 2007
4235:
4228:
4210:Vogel, Ezra F.
4201:
4194:
4174:
4167:
4147:
4103:
4079:
4064:
4044:
4037:
4017:
3993:
3986:
3960:
3953:
3930:
3915:
3892:
3844:
3829:
3810:
3775:
3739:
3703:
3670:
3658:
3639:
3621:United Kingdom
3612:
3591:
3566:
3533:
3499:
3493:Wah Kiu Yat Po
3482:
3476:Wah Kiu Yat Po
3457:
3440:
3429:Our Government
3419:
3398:
3357:
3327:
3257:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3215:
3209:
3196:
3189:
3183:
3170:
3156:
3142:
3136:
3130:. OUP Oxford.
3123:
3117:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3031:
3022:
3005:
2998:cult following
2994:Tong Shau Ping
2974:
2971:Robert Patrick
2958:
2949:
2930:
2909:
2906:Raymond Benson
2897:Zero Minus Ten
2893:
2882:
2867:
2860:
2847:
2838:
2829:
2804:
2801:
2797:British Empire
2749:Cayman Islands
2743:(Bermuda, the
2702:United Kingdom
2672:Decolonization
2667:
2664:
2631:Executive Yuan
2614:
2611:
2565:and, later, a
2514:Main article:
2511:
2508:
2484:Main article:
2481:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2448:
2439:
2424:
2417:
2406:
2391:
2376:
2373:
2359:
2352:Double Ten Day
2336:Liberation Day
2325:
2314:
2311:Senior Counsel
2295:
2280:
2265:
2262:
2252:
2238:
2219:
2206:established a
2200:
2189:
2182:
2175:Liaison Office
2167:
2156:
2145:
2134:
2127:
2108:
2089:
2078:
2063:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2022:King George VI
2014:Queen Victoria
2010:
2006:
1999:
1980:
1957:
1942:
1897:
1878:
1871:
1860:
1841:mainland China
1837:
1822:
1812:
1797:
1782:
1775:
1767:
1749:
1734:
1719:
1712:
1701:
1698:
1683:
1668:
1657:right of abode
1653:
1643:
1636:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1611:
1608:
1599:
1596:
1513:Prince Charles
1494:Main article:
1491:
1488:
1435:Main article:
1432:
1429:
1381:), Australia (
1315:right of abode
1298:
1295:
1253:Mainland China
1237:Main article:
1234:
1231:
1184:
1181:
1143:Main article:
1140:
1137:
1119:by legislator
1095:, chairman of
1072:
1071:
1030:
1028:
1021:
1015:
1012:
996:John Bremridge
989:Black Saturday
945:
942:
883:
880:
877:
876:
872:
861:
854:
851:
848:John Bremridge
840:
829:
826:
823:
813:
806:
795:
784:
773:
770:
763:
752:
751:
749:
746:
716:Chung Sze-yuen
621:infrastructure
616:
615:
600:
585:
527:
524:
427:
424:
420:British Empire
322:mainland China
303:United Kingdom
293:
292:
289:
288:
285:
284:
277:
271:
270:
263:
257:
256:
254:Yue: Cantonese
250:
249:
248:Transcriptions
241:
240:
233:
227:
226:
219:
213:
212:
208:
207:
204:
203:
196:
190:
189:
182:
176:
175:
173:Yue: Cantonese
169:
168:
167:Transcriptions
160:
159:
152:
146:
145:
138:
132:
131:
128:
127:
119:
118:
116:United Kingdom
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
69:
65:
64:
51:
47:
46:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9460:
9449:
9446:
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9441:
9439:
9436:
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9431:
9429:
9426:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9403:1997 in China
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9380:
9378:
9368:
9363:
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8771:
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8709:
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8695:
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8690:
8687:
8686:
8684:
8680:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8653:Olympic Games
8651:
8649:
8646:
8645:
8643:
8639:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
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8608:
8602:
8599:
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8529:
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8494:
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8482:
8476:
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8471:
8468:
8467:
8465:
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8455:
8454:
8450:
8449:
8447:
8443:
8437:
8434:
8433:
8431:
8427:
8424:
8420:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8401:
8399:
8395:
8389:
8386:
8384:
8381:
8380:
8378:
8374:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8359:
8357:
8353:
8350:
8346:
8342:
8339:
8332:
8327:
8325:
8320:
8318:
8313:
8312:
8309:
8303:
8299:
8295:
8294:1997 Handover
8292:
8289:
8288:
8283:
8280:
8277:
8273:
8269:
8266:
8265:
8255:
8251:
8247:
8243:
8239:
8235:
8231:
8227:
8222:
8217:
8213:
8212:ABC Australia
8209:
8205:
8201:
8197:
8193:
8189:
8185:
8181:
8180:
8172:
8167:
8166:
8153:
8149:
8145:
8141:
8137:
8133:
8126:
8120:17 April 1998
8119:
8115:
8111:
8108:
8103:
8096:
8092:
8088:
8085:
8080:
8073:
8072:
8067:
8063:
8060:
8059:Hong Kong '97
8055:
8048:
8047:
8042:
8038:
8035:
8030:
8024:
8020:
8016:
8013:
8011:
8005:
7989:
7985:
7984:
7979:
7973:
7958:
7957:
7952:
7945:
7929:
7925:
7924:
7919:
7913:
7906:
7902:
7898:
7895:
7890:
7884:
7880:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7865:
7849:
7845:
7844:Alibaba Group
7841:
7840:
7835:
7828:
7826:
7824:
7822:
7813:
7807:
7803:
7802:
7794:
7786:
7782:
7776:
7768:
7762:
7758:
7757:
7749:
7742:
7736:
7720:
7716:
7712:
7706:
7687:
7680:
7674:
7658:
7654:
7653:
7648:
7641:
7625:
7621:
7617:
7611:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7581:
7565:
7561:
7555:
7539:
7535:
7529:
7523:
7522:1-4289-7837-2
7519:
7515:
7510:
7504:
7500:
7497:
7493:
7488:
7482:
7478:
7474:
7471:
7466:
7460:, 3 July 1992
7459:
7458:
7453:
7449:
7445:
7442:
7437:
7430:
7426:
7425:Knight Ridder
7422:
7418:
7415:
7410:
7404:
7403:0-19-592723-0
7400:
7394:
7386:
7382:
7378:
7372:
7368:
7367:
7359:
7351:
7345:
7341:
7340:
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7324:
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7313:
7305:
7297:
7291:
7287:
7286:
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7227:
7219:
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7211:
7205:
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6857:
6856:
6849:
6843:
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6827:
6819:
6813:
6809:
6805:
6798:
6790:
6789:
6781:
6773:
6771:9789620202834
6767:
6763:
6762:
6755:
6748:
6744:
6740:
6737:
6732:
6725:
6724:
6719:
6715:
6712:
6707:
6705:
6703:
6695:
6691:
6687:
6684:
6679:
6672:
6668:
6664:
6661:
6656:
6654:
6646:
6645:
6640:
6636:
6633:
6628:
6621:
6620:
6615:
6611:
6608:
6603:
6596:
6595:
6590:
6586:
6583:
6578:
6572:
6567:
6551:
6547:
6541:
6534:
6530:
6526:
6523:
6518:
6511:
6507:
6503:
6500:
6495:
6489:
6485:
6481:
6478:
6473:
6465:
6459:
6455:
6454:
6446:
6440:
6436:
6432:
6429:
6424:
6417:
6413:
6409:
6406:
6401:
6393:
6387:
6383:
6376:
6369:
6365:
6361:
6358:
6353:
6346:
6345:
6340:
6336:
6333:
6328:
6318:
6302:
6298:
6292:
6286:, Politics 97
6285:
6281:
6277:
6274:
6269:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6252:
6247:
6241:
6237:
6233:
6230:
6225:
6218:
6217:
6212:
6208:
6205:
6200:
6198:
6181:
6177:
6171:
6165:
6161:
6157:
6154:
6153:Victoria Park
6149:
6134:
6130:
6124:
6117:
6113:
6110:
6105:
6098:
6097:
6092:
6088:
6085:
6080:
6074:
6070:
6066:
6063:
6058:
6042:
6038:
6032:
6016:
6012:
6006:
5990:
5986:
5980:
5972:
5971:
5964:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5946:
5941:
5933:
5927:
5923:
5922:
5918:Wrth (2008).
5914:
5907:
5903:
5898:
5892:
5891:
5886:
5882:
5879:
5874:
5859:
5857:1-56432-269-6
5853:
5849:
5848:
5840:
5833:
5832:
5831:Vatican Radio
5827:
5823:
5820:
5815:
5809:
5808:Freedom House
5805:
5801:
5798:
5793:
5786:
5785:
5780:
5776:
5773:
5768:
5753:
5749:
5743:
5735:
5729:
5725:
5724:
5716:
5709:
5708:
5703:
5699:
5696:
5691:
5685:
5681:
5677:
5674:
5669:
5662:
5661:
5656:
5652:
5649:
5644:
5637:
5636:
5631:
5627:
5624:
5619:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5601:
5596:
5588:
5582:
5578:
5577:
5569:
5562:
5561:
5556:
5552:
5549:
5544:
5538:, 1 July 2002
5537:
5533:
5529:
5526:
5521:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5504:
5499:
5492:
5491:
5486:
5482:
5479:
5474:
5466:
5460:
5456:
5455:
5447:
5431:
5427:
5421:
5402:
5395:
5389:
5373:
5369:
5363:
5361:
5353:
5349:
5346:
5341:
5334:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5318:
5312:
5311:Bank of China
5308:
5304:
5301:
5296:
5280:
5276:
5270:
5262:
5256:
5252:
5251:
5244:
5238:
5234:
5230:
5227:
5222:
5216:
5212:
5208:
5205:
5200:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5182:
5177:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5159:
5154:
5146:
5140:
5136:
5135:
5127:
5119:
5113:
5109:
5105:
5098:
5091:
5087:
5083:
5080:
5075:
5067:
5061:
5057:
5056:
5048:
5041:
5036:
5029:
5024:
5017:
5012:
5004:
4998:
4994:
4987:
4980:
4979:
4974:
4970:
4967:
4962:
4955:
4954:
4953:Vancouver Sun
4949:
4945:
4942:
4937:
4930:
4926:
4921:
4914:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4896:
4895:
4890:
4886:
4883:
4878:
4871:
4870:
4869:The New Paper
4865:
4861:
4858:
4853:
4846:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4828:
4827:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4810:
4802:
4796:
4792:
4791:
4786:
4780:
4773:
4772:
4771:Taiwan Review
4767:
4763:
4760:
4755:
4740:
4736:
4729:
4722:
4710:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4694:
4687:
4686:The Economist
4681:
4665:
4661:
4657:
4651:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4620:
4605:
4601:
4595:
4587:
4583:
4577:
4562:
4558:
4552:
4546:
4542:
4538:
4535:
4530:
4522:
4521:
4513:
4505:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4486:
4478:
4477:
4469:
4462:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4445:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4428:
4425:
4420:
4413:
4412:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4396:
4391:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4373:
4368:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4346:
4342:
4341:
4333:
4325:
4319:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4291:
4288:
4283:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4264:
4257:
4256:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4239:
4231:
4225:
4221:
4218:. Cambridge:
4217:
4216:
4211:
4205:
4197:
4191:
4187:
4186:
4178:
4170:
4164:
4160:
4159:
4151:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4086:
4084:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4061:
4057:
4056:
4048:
4040:
4034:
4030:
4029:
4021:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4003:
3997:
3989:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3967:
3965:
3956:
3950:
3946:
3945:
3937:
3935:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3899:
3897:
3888:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3840:
3833:
3824:
3822:
3814:
3806:
3790:
3786:
3779:
3760:
3756:
3749:
3743:
3724:
3720:
3713:
3707:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3677:
3675:
3668:
3662:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3643:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3616:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3601:Chen Hung-yee
3595:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3554:
3550:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3530:
3528:
3514:
3510:
3509:"香港回歸談判中的鄧小平"
3503:
3495:
3494:
3486:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3461:
3453:
3452:
3444:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3423:
3415:
3414:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3392:
3391:Mrs. Thatcher
3388:
3387:Deng Xiaoping
3375:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3331:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3261:
3246:
3242:
3235:
3231:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3206:
3203:. Routledge.
3202:
3197:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3184:9789622099968
3180:
3176:
3171:
3169:
3168:9780367288099
3165:
3161:
3158:Lane, Kevin.
3157:
3155:
3154:9780333683125
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3133:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3102:
3098:
3097:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2773:Great Britain
2770:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2673:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2610:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2555:
2553:
2547:
2545:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2430:changed from
2429:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2370:Hongkong Post
2367:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2245:Tung Chee-hwa
2242:
2239:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2149:Supreme Court
2146:
2143:
2140:replaced the
2139:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2097:Hong Kong SAR
2094:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2018:Victoria Park
2015:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1988:Hongkong Post
1985:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1933:, to replace
1932:
1929:, instead of
1928:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1853:Victoria Park
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1695:Bank of China
1692:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1615:
1607:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1592:Tung Chee-hwa
1589:
1588:Zhang Wannian
1585:
1584:Vice chairman
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1446:
1443:
1438:
1431:Last governor
1428:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1395:San Francisco
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1230:
1227:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1208:, leading to
1207:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1180:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1133:Richard Evans
1130:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1093:Simon Keswick
1090:
1086:
1082:
1080:
1068:
1065:
1057:
1047:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1031:This section
1029:
1025:
1020:
1019:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1000:
997:
994:
990:
986:
985:Typhoon Ellen
981:
977:
975:
971:
966:
963:
961:
956:
953:
949:
941:
939:
935:
930:
928:
924:
919:
915:
911:
909:
905:
901:
896:
894:
888:
873:
870:
866:
862:
859:
855:
852:
849:
846:received Sir
845:
841:
838:
834:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
814:
811:
807:
804:
800:
797:12 May 1980:
796:
793:
789:
785:
782:
781:U.K. election
778:
774:
771:
768:
767:Deng Xiaoping
764:
761:
757:
756:
745:
743:
739:
734:
732:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
700:
697:
693:
690:
685:
681:
679:
674:
670:
668:
667:Deng Xiaoping
665:
661:
657:
652:
650:
644:
639:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
613:
609:
605:
601:
598:
594:
590:
586:
583:
579:
575:
574:
573:
571:
567:
562:
555:
551:
548:in 1842, the
547:
542:
537:
533:
523:
520:將香港交還給中華人民共和國
517:
513:
505:
497:
492:
484:
479:
473:
465:
461:
453:
445:
441:
437:
433:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
400:
396:
390:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
312:
311:former colony
308:
304:
300:
290:
278:
276:
272:
264:
262:
258:
255:
251:
246:
242:
234:
232:
228:
220:
218:
214:
209:
197:
195:
191:
183:
181:
177:
174:
170:
165:
161:
153:
151:
147:
139:
137:
133:
129:
124:
117:
112:
106:
101:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
35:Hong Kong SAR
30:
25:
19:
9119:Mass arrests
8756:
8752:818 incident
8694:Flu pandemic
8663:Acid attacks
8451:
8361:
8340:
8285:
8233:
8229:
8216:the original
8183:
8177:
8138:(3): 52–66.
8135:
8125:
8117:
8102:
8079:
8069:
8054:
8044:
8029:
8009:
8004:
7992:. Retrieved
7981:
7972:
7960:. Retrieved
7956:The Standard
7954:
7944:
7932:. Retrieved
7921:
7912:
7889:
7869:
7864:
7852:. Retrieved
7837:
7800:
7793:
7784:
7775:
7755:
7748:
7740:
7735:
7723:. Retrieved
7705:
7693:. Retrieved
7673:
7663:21 September
7661:. Retrieved
7650:
7640:
7628:. Retrieved
7619:
7610:
7598:. Retrieved
7589:
7580:
7568:. Retrieved
7564:the original
7554:
7542:. Retrieved
7528:
7513:
7509:
7487:
7465:
7455:
7436:
7428:
7409:
7393:
7365:
7358:
7338:
7331:
7311:
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3759:the original
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3742:
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3245:The Guardian
3244:
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3042:
3035:fifth season
3025:
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3008:
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2366:pillar boxes
2249:Donald Tsang
2227:British Army
2197:Commissioner
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1801:cross-border
1757:
1635:and English.
1601:
1553:
1541:Chris Patten
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1032:
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967:
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950:
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900:Qing dynasty
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7630:21 December
7600:21 December
7267:17 November
7241:26 February
7092:, Singapore
7065:24 November
4744:30 December
4715:12 November
3795:23 November
3768:23 November
3755:dadazim.com
3732:23 November
3719:dadazim.com
3606:Ta Kung Pao
3549:BBC News 中文
3525:鄧小平在1982年會見
3380:19 November
3350:19 November
3309:19 November
3013:, starring
3010:Chinese Box
3000:due to its
2990:Jackie Chan
2886:Jin Auyeung
2793:Charles III
2410:North Korea
2084:, only for
2046:became the
1864:multi-party
1604:great power
1580:Qian Qichen
1564:Jiang Zemin
1403:Los Angeles
1154:Zhao Ziyang
1079:Zhao Ziyang
869:Ann Tse-kei
865:Li Ka-shing
833:Zhao Ziyang
820:Ye Jianying
788:Hua Guofeng
452:Yue Chinese
434:, both the
408:Suez Crisis
393:sinking of
211:Formal name
37:(left) and
9377:Categories
8341:since 1997
8023:Amazon.com
7883:Amazon.com
7785:MI6-HQ.COM
7620:World Bank
7590:World Bank
7191:China News
3696:2 November
3559:28 October
3467:Wu Xueqian
3321:Hu Yaobang
3226:References
3210:0203180402
2902:James Bond
2879:Ram Chiang
2877:featuring
2809:Fruit Chan
2747:, and the
2721:Montserrat
2682:Parliament
2670:See also:
2594:After the
2586:Manchurian
2490:After the
2363:Royal Mail
2303:Barristers
2231:Royal Navy
2153:High Court
2101:Union Flag
1992:China Post
1948:(852) and
1937:-I. (See:
1894:Falun Gong
1543:; and the
1533:Robin Cook
1525:Tony Blair
1379:Manchester
1301:After the
1218:Carrie Lam
1121:Roger Lobo
991:, and the
742:Opium Wars
724:Roger Lobo
720:Lydia Dunn
708:delegation
570:Opium Wars
568:after the
566:Qing China
530:See also:
526:Background
436:Kuomintang
60:1997-07-01
9331:Hong Kong
8152:1771-2084
7962:12 August
7870:Knock Off
7570:27 August
7544:27 August
6761:Hong Kong
6368:TVB Pearl
5890:Frommer's
5757:5 January
5040:Sing 2004
4670:24 August
4640:24 August
4609:9 October
4449:Hong Kong
4359:455835195
3887:0707-5332
3584:26 August
3389:met with
3299:154160559
3250:28 August
3044:The Crown
2965:, a 1994
2919:a villain
2917:features
2904:novel by
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2834:Rush Hour
2789:ab initio
2765:dominions
2737:Gibraltar
2706:Hong Kong
2578:Guangdong
1805:Guangdong
1680:Basic Law
1629:Cantonese
1421:Vancouver
1391:Melbourne
1367:Vancouver
1340:Singapore
1284:Louis Cha
1245:Basic Law
1206:Basic Law
1054:June 2020
983:In 1983,
636:Huang Hua
510:) in the
508:對香港恢復行使主權
426:Etymology
336:in 2020.
301:from the
88:Hong Kong
77:UTC+08:00
8981:November
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8110:Archived
8087:Archived
8062:Archived
8037:Archived
8015:Archived
7988:Archived
7928:Archived
7897:Archived
7875:Archived
7854:13 April
7848:Archived
7781:"Trivia"
7719:Archived
7686:Archived
7657:Archived
7624:Archived
7594:Archived
7538:Archived
7499:Archived
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7457:The News
7444:Archived
7417:Archived
7385:54382068
7194:Archived
7168:Archived
7132:Archived
7083:Archived
7038:Archived
6966:Archived
6947:Archived
6915:Asiaweek
6888:Archived
6834:Archived
6831:About Us
6739:Archived
6714:Archived
6686:Archived
6663:Archived
6635:Archived
6610:Archived
6585:Archived
6550:Archived
6525:Archived
6502:Archived
6480:Archived
6431:Archived
6416:BBC News
6408:Archived
6360:Archived
6335:Archived
6322:YouTube.
6307:15 April
6276:Archived
6254:Archived
6232:Archived
6207:Archived
6186:31 March
6180:Archived
6156:Archived
6112:Archived
6109:Training
6087:Archived
6065:Archived
6047:29 March
6041:Archived
6021:29 March
6015:Archived
5995:29 March
5989:Archived
5948:Archived
5881:Archived
5822:Archived
5800:Archived
5775:Archived
5698:Archived
5676:Archived
5651:Archived
5626:Archived
5603:Archived
5551:Archived
5528:Archived
5506:Archived
5481:Archived
5430:Archived
5410:27 March
5401:Archived
5378:27 March
5372:Archived
5348:Archived
5325:Archived
5303:Archived
5285:30 March
5279:Archived
5229:Archived
5207:Archived
5184:Archived
5161:Archived
5090:BBC News
5082:Archived
5028:Loh 2010
5016:Loh 2010
4969:Archived
4944:Archived
4912:Newsweek
4885:Archived
4860:Archived
4817:Archived
4787:(2009).
4762:Archived
4709:Archived
4704:BBC News
4664:Archived
4634:Archived
4545:BBC News
4537:Archived
4452:Archived
4427:Archived
4398:Archived
4375:Archived
4290:Archived
4271:Archived
4246:Archived
4212:(2011).
4140:3 August
4095:Archived
4074:61169804
4012:Archived
3925:55649881
3789:Archived
3787:. 小明文創.
3686:两岸一家亲研究院
3651:Archived
3632:Archived
3553:Archived
3513:Archived
3473:.].
3374:Archived
3344:Archived
3303:Archived
3052:See also
2983:homebrew
2967:American
2875:Lo Ta-yu
2769:colonies
2460:, named
2292:Bauhinia
2259:Bauhinia
2223:Cenotaph
2208:Garrison
2095:and the
2060:Governor
1961:ISO 3166
1954:mainland
1916:US-style
1909:UK-style
1886:Holy See
1774:customs.
1758:de facto
1727:Brussels
1640:boundary
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1606:status.
1537:governor
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1425:Richmond
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1129:Zhou Nan
902:and the
779:won the
710:of five
556:in 1898.
438:and the
402:and the
359:for the
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194:Jyutping
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9317:Portals
9245:Ongoing
8296:at the
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7983:YouTube
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5576:香港 L̆đ门
5436:24 July
4460:Hansard
3826:. 1984.
3807:. 小明文創.
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2864:Sam Hui
2779:of the
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2658:at the
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2559:enclave
2500:Li Peng
2052:elected
1986:, with
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1905:BS 1363
1760:mission
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1375:Glasgow
1371:Toronto
1358:at the
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1105:Bermuda
516:Chinese
504:Chinese
496:Chinese
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330:Beijing
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3519:7 June
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2729:Cyprus
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2099:. The
2088:seats.
1963:code,
1771:Taiwan
1753:Taiwan
1731:Geneva
1693:. The
1665:settle
1566:; the
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1377:, and
1349:consul
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799:Tabled
722:, and
606:: the
518::
506::
500:收回香港地區
498::
487:香港主權移交
485::
476:香港回歸祖國
474::
466::
456:中國收返香港
448:中國收回香港
446::
375:after
237:香港主权移交
223:香港主權移交
9367:1990s
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9044:2020s
8976:March
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8348:1990s
8250:JSTOR
8236:(4).
8196:S2CID
8174:(PDF)
7689:(PDF)
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5404:(PDF)
5397:(PDF)
3762:(PDF)
3751:(PDF)
3726:(PDF)
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632:Macau
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587:1860
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373:Macau
105:China
39:China
9292:2024
9287:2020
9225:2024
9194:2023
9158:2022
9102:2021
9051:2020
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8961:2018
8935:2017
8899:2016
8868:2015
8835:2014
8814:2013
8773:2012
8745:2011
8714:2010
8682:2009
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8610:2007
8589:2006
8553:2005
8537:2004
8508:CEPA
8491:SARS
8484:2003
8463:2002
8445:2001
8429:2000
8397:1999
8376:1998
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8148:ISSN
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7964:2022
7936:2016
7872:1998
7856:2017
7806:ISBN
7761:ISBN
7727:2018
7697:2018
7665:2018
7632:2018
7602:2018
7572:2012
7546:2012
7518:ISBN
7399:ISBN
7381:OCLC
7371:ISBN
7344:ISBN
7317:ISBN
7290:ISBN
7269:2023
7243:2023
7110:ISBN
7067:2014
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6989:ISBN
6812:ISBN
6766:ISBN
6558:2016
6458:ISBN
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6309:2016
6188:2016
6140:2023
6049:2016
6023:2016
5997:2016
5926:ISBN
5865:2007
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5728:ISBN
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5438:2012
5412:2016
5380:2016
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5112:ISBN
5060:ISBN
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4746:2021
4717:2019
4672:2019
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4611:2021
4568:2022
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4318:ISBN
4224:ISBN
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4070:OCLC
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4033:ISBN
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3382:2020
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