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32:
359:
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274:, 'brigand', and that might have led to the initial meaning of 'to chase, to pursue' evolving to mean 'chaser, pursuer', and finally 'insurgent'. In different other languages the meaning of 'brigand' given to hajdamak(a) took shape in accordance to the way their enemies saw the
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rebellion. This final chapter of
Haydamaka history was unique in large part due to the support the rebellion enjoyed not only among the peasantry, but also among the Poles and the Jews marginalized and rendered destitute by the Russian Empire.
572:), which led to a quick response by the Polish army. By July of the same year the Poles – with Russian military assistance – had suppressed the revolt, though bloody repression against the Cossacks lasted for several years. See
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gained the throne of Poland-Lithuania in 1734, the
Russian military suppressed the insurrection. Small raids by haidamakas against Polish nobility continued in the following years under the leadership of
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became a pejorative label for
Ukrainians as a whole. However, Ukrainian folklore and literature generally (with some notable exceptions) treat the actions of the haidamaks positively.
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523:, generating a near-complete rebellion by Right-Bank Ukraine. Although they captured a number of towns and areas, they were eventually crushed due to lack of organization.
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used to spur someone on: 'hayda!'. Depending on the local context, it was understood to mean 'driving someone or something away', and later 'to chase, to pursue'. In the
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Turkish verbs have the ending -mak or -mek. The ending -ak(a) however also exists in
Ukrainian, in words with meanings somewhat related to each other, such as
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A horror story from the
Cossack Hetmanate: The crimes and execution of Pavlo Matsapura’s gang that inspired an 18th-century word for villain
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in left-bank
Ukraine as well. The latter raids occasionally deteriorated to common robbery and murder, for example in the so-called
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paramilitary outfits composed of commoners (peasants, craftsmen), and impoverished noblemen in the eastern part of the
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In 1750 another uprising occurred as the haidamakas continued to receive popular sympathy. Based in the lands of the
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has two related meanings: either 'Ukrainian insurgent against the Poles in the 18th century', or '
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In
Ottoman Turkish, haydamak used to mean "a cattle-lifter, marauder", and in modern
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677:"Remarks on the etymology of Hung. hajdú 'herdsman' and Tkc. haydamak 'brigand'"
620:(1787–1835), Ukrainian outlaw, the "Ukrainian Robin Hood" or "the last haydamak"
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word 'haydamak', 'to drive, to drive away', the etymological vehicle being the
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The last flare-up of the
Haydamak violence occurred in 1830s, during the
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18th-century
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and the neighbouring region, where it has been used in some
715:. 1, American Series. Cambridge University Press: 239-250 (
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hang a Jew by his heels. Ukrainian folk art, 19th century
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The first uprising came in the war for control of the
709:"Some Aspects on the Non-Slav Element in Serbo-Croat"
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The haidamak movement consisted mostly of local free
792:"Людоед Мацапура – "Чикатило" XVIII столетия (фото)"
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484:in 1733. Russian troops, brought in to remove King
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
880:18th century in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
266:, 'crouser' (crouse = brisk, livelyl, confident),
227:The word has been adopted into Ukrainian from the
181:, which was secured following ratification of the
251:. The verb (h)ayda was probably derived from the
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564:, Jesuits and above all the Jews, were murdered
685:(10). Krakow: Jagiellonian University: 297-309
434:Haidamaks waged war mainly against the Polish
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752:Я. Шульгин, «Очерк Колиивщины» (Киев, 1890)
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285:it means "to attack, raid, drive cattle".
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116:Learn how and when to remove this message
560:. In captured territories the nobility,
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333:means 'strong, sometimes no-good man'.
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204:List of Ukrainian words of Turkic origin
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54:adding citations to reliable sources
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682:pl:Studia Turcologica Cracoviensia
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486:Stanisław I (Leszczyński)
438:and collaborationists in
193:Etymology and terminology
183:Treaty of Perpetual Peace
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134:Camp of haidamakas (1899)
865:Koliivshchyna rebellion
707:Morison, W. A. (1941).
675:Németh, Michał (2005).
354:Historical connotations
350:has a similar meaning.
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482:Frederick Augustus II
446:raids on the Cossack
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289:Older Ukrainian terms
202:Further information:
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624:Khmelnytsky Uprising
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514:Zaporozhian Cossacks
419:(not members of any
243:. The origin is the
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19:For other uses, see
860:Haidamaka uprisings
562:Ukrainian Catholics
293:Other more ancient
536:and leader of the
457:Opposition to the
440:right-bank Ukraine
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796:Segodnya.ua
788:Oles Buzina
763:"Dexonline"
528:Zaporozhian
444:Zaporozhian
399:(1841), an
391:Hajdamactwo
874:Categories
827:Holy, Hnat
631:References
542:Ivan Gonta
521:Palatinate
336:The words
260:infinitive
222:Ivan Honta
140:haidamakas
76:newspapers
65:"Haydamak"
855:Haidamaka
626:1649–1657
599:Haidamaky
507:Hnat Holy
473:in 1768.
452:Matsapura
401:epic poem
396:Haidamaky
367:Haidamaka
307:haidamaka
276:hajdamaks
272:rozbyšaka
208:The word
198:Etymology
189:in 1710.
185:with the
167:Haidamaky
163:Гайдамаки
159:Ukrainian
155:haidamaka
148:haidamaks
144:haidamaky
21:Haydamaky
607:See also
566:en masse
554:Volhynia
500:. After
498:Volhynia
459:szlachta
448:szlachta
436:nobility
417:Cossacks
365:and the
346:and the
342:used in
331:haidamac
327:Romanian
311:opryshok
309:include
299:levenetz
268:pyjak(a)
210:haydamak
846:of the
733:3020262
602:(1841).
558:Podolia
531:Cossack
494:Podolia
461:and to
411:History
383:Uniates
379:Jesuits
348:Balkans
315:Galicia
303:deineka
295:exonyms
283:Turkish
264:huljáka
233:Kipchak
214:brigand
169:) were
142:, also
90:scholar
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613:Hajduk
429:holota
425:kozaky
339:hajduk
245:Turkic
229:Crimea
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729:JSTOR
568:(see
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237:Oghuz
97:JSTOR
83:books
803:2016
774:2016
740:2020
691:2020
556:and
548:and
546:Kiev
538:Uman
518:Kiev
496:and
490:Kiev
427:and
421:host
375:Jews
325:The
301:and
256:stem
239:and
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138:The
69:news
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