2551:
rabbis, ed. P.u.f./New Clio, 2012, p. 407; Christian-Georges
Schwentzel, Herod the Great, Pygmalion, Paris, 2011, p. 216-217; E. Mary Smallwood, The Jews under Roman Rule, p. 189; Lester L. Grabbe, Judaism from Cyrus to Hadrian, Vol. II, Fortress Press, Minneapolis, 1992, p. 427; Nikkos Kokkinos, in Jack Finegan, Chronos, kairos, Christos: nativity and chronological studies, ed. Jerry Vardaman & Edwin M. Yamauchi, 1989, p. 135. However, to resolve the contradiction between Flavius Josephus who provides indications that place the death of John the Baptist around 35 and the Christian tradition which places it in 29, Christiane Saulnier takes up Ătienne Nodet's proposal which supposes that Josephus is mistaken and therefore places this battle before 29. This proposal, however, does not meet with great reception among historians, but meets with some success among denominational authors.
1112:
the defense of the Temple threatened with desecration: for
Josephus, it was a discussion during a banquet; for Philo, it was a request addressed to the emperor, the content of which he reports, although in terms that reveal a certain exaggeration of the role of Agrippa. Be that as it may, the approach does not lack courage for the adventurer he has been until then and Philo's text reflects the ideas that were to feature in the request, whatever its form: Agrippa notes there with gratitude all the benefits he has been the object on the part of the emperor but explains that he would gladly exchange them for one thing only: "that the ancestral institutions are not disturbed. For what of my reputation among my countrymen and other men? Either I must be considered a traitor to myself or I must cease to be counted among your friends; there is no other choiceâŠâ.
1657:, later arrested, owes his salvation only to the help of "an angel" who comes by night to help him escape from his prison. However, the Acts of the Apostles, also composed in the 80s and 90s from several sources, "have been the subject of devastating criticism for several decades, to the point of being denied by some, in whole or in part, any historical value" due to the "editorial activity" of its three successive authors. Thus, the entire Petrine document (hypothetical document) to which these episodes would have belonged seems to have been placed at the beginning of Acts by its first writer, following this account by the "Gesture of Paul" and it is the next writerâperhaps being the
1263:
633:
976:
of this trip, Agrippa I dispatched his most faithful freedman to Rome, bearing a letter for the emperor, followed soon after by
Agrippa himself. He accuses Antipas of fomenting a plot with the Parthians and of having accumulated, without telling the Emperor, stocks of arms in his arsenals in Tiberias, probably with the intention of preparing his revenge against King Aretas IV who had defeated him a few years earlier. While the second accusation is probably true, the first is doubtful. However Caligula falls, banishes and exiles Herod Antipas in the south of
1699:, born in 27/28, was raised at the court of Rome under the protection of Claudius but was not chosen by the latter to succeed his father, "which provoked renewed political agitation in the years that followed". It was not until 49 that the emperor granted him the tetrarchy of Chalcis together with the royal dignity one year after the death of his uncle Herod. Like his father, he also received the administration of the Temple of Jerusalem and the power to designate the high priests previously held by Herod of Chalcis, with the title of
1337:
1129:
499:
830:"provides auxiliaries" to the Nabataean king, Aretas IV, to wage war against Herod (Antipas). However, the historicity of this mention is disputed by Jean-Pierre Mahé. It is possible that Aretas took advantage of Antipas' participation in the great conference on the Euphrates, to conceal peace and the Roman victory over Artabanus III (autumn 36), to launch his offensive. The territorial claim of the Nabataeans was revived by Antipas' will to repudiate Phasaélis, the daughter of the king of
771:
1617:
692:, his first account, published between 75â79, Josephus was more direct. It was "to accuse the tetrarch" Herod Antipas, that Agrippa decided to go "to Tiberius", in order to try to take his domain and it was because Agrippa had been ousted from his pretensions to obtain the tetrarchy of Antipas that he would have started plotting against the emperor. Like other information about Agrippa, these are not found in the Judaic texts, whereas Josephus expands much on the subject.
1116:
Josephus seems to attest. But the emperor seemed to reconsider his decision and it was the murder of
Caligula that seemed to put a definitive end to the enterprise and put an end to the desire for a popular uprising. Flavius Josephus still recounts how the emperor, suspecting Petronius of having been bribed to break his orders, ordered him to commit suicide, but this letter arrived after the announcement of Caligula's death, in which Josephus saw an effect of Providence.
929:
1787:), to marry her. Polemon accepts because Berenice has the status of queen and especially according to Flavius Josephus, because she was very rich. On both sides, it was only an alliance to increase their power. Polemon however made a major concession, he converted to Judaism and had himself circumcised. But very quickly, she abandons him to return with her brother, "out of levity, they say" specifies Flavius Josephus. She finally becomes the famous mistress of
1175:
36:
1104:
1534:, it would be an angel, come at the time of the declarations of the people who therefore compared him to a God, who would have struck him, then had him devoured by worms (Acts 12:20â23). Two days later, he was seized with violent abdominal pains and died after five days of agony, at the age of fifty-three years. According to Josephus, before he died he scolded his friends for flattering him, and accepted his imminent death in a state of
1555:
1728:
2647:"to explain himself to the emperor". Like for Jesus, the surnamed Karabas is given a chlamys or a mat as a royal garment, an improvised crown on his head and a reed is given to him as a scepter, then those who impose this masquerade on him derisively pretend to consider him like a king. Moreover, the title which is given to the surnamed Karabbas by these Greek inhabitants of Alexandria is singularly an
600:) of the city, which provided him with a regular income. However, this situation was short-lived. Agrippa accepted at first, but he soon gave the impression of not being satisfied with what was given to him. He quickly found this burden boring in a small provincial town devoid of the amenities of the Roman civilization that saw him grow up. He quarreled with his uncle Antipas during a banquet in
533:, the young son of Tiberius, to whom he was particularly attached, and Tiberius' nephew Claudius, who was the same age as Agrippa. He thus lived all his youth in the capital of the empire and personally knew almost all the members of the imperial family. At that time, Agrippa's future appeared to be secured by his privileged relationship with Claudius (the heir apparent of Tiberius) and Drusus.
1002:
541:. But Agrippa's future darkened with the death of Drusus in 23, isolating him and leaving him helpless in the face of his creditors, especially since his mother Berenice probably died at the same time. After the death of his son, the distraught Tiberius reacted by removing Agrippa and Claudius from his court. Agrippa squandered the rest of his fortune trying to win the favor of the
5362:
851:
Abbas, whose popularity was reported in the synoptic gospels. However, for some historians, the two
Jesuses are one, the evangelists using a literary device to describe two faces of Jesus, while exempting the Romans from their responsibility in this execution, so that the Gospels cannot be suspected of containing the slightest criticism of the authorities in power.
1482:
1095:
the inhabitants of
Galilee were close to the general revolt, as well as the Jews of Judea, the peasants risking setting fire to the crops just before harvesting, while preparing for war. The emperor's first response was fairly moderate, but some sources report a âfuriousâ response from Caligula to Petronius, not considering any compromise.
968:
conflict that agitated the city from 38 to 41. The Roman governor of
Alexandria, Flaccus, seems to let the popular agitation unfold, hostile to Agrippa, whom he is jealous of, protected by an emperor into whose graces Flaccus does not manage to enter, whose confidence he senses is losing and who moreover had him executed shortly after.
1538:. The precise causes of his death are unknown, but from that time on rumors of poisoning circulated. Several researchers believe that the poisoning by the Romans worried about his excessive political ambitions is likely, even that it was a personal initiative of Marsus to attenuate the hostility of the neighboring Syrian populations.
839:. This execution seems to have had important repercussions on the political situation in the region for several years. Thus the defeat of Antipas is considered within the Jewish population as a divine revenge against Antipas to punish him for having put John to death and of which Aretas IV would have been only the instrument.
1353:. He also undertook the major project of raising the ramparts of his historic capital and extending it to the new northern district thanks to funding from the Temple treasury, which gave some of his Jewish subjects hope for the restoration of an independent kingdom. or at least a rediscovered form of sovereignty.
3175:"Agrippa, fils de cet Aristobule que son pÚre Hérode avait mis à mort, se rendit auprÚs de TibÚre pour accuser le tétrarque Hérode (Antipas). L'empereur n'ayant pas accueilli l'accusation, Agrippa resta à Rome pour faire sa cour aux gens considérables et tout particuliÚrement à Gaius, fils de Germanicus" ;
1661:âwhich would have been inserted between the two "Gestures" of Peter and Paul, the account of the death of Agrippa which gives the impression that all that precedes is dated before 44 and all that follows is later, adding a coming of Paul to Jerusalem which does not appear anywhere in Paul's accounts in his
1166:
by the praetorians - of whom he pointed out that 'they surround the meeting" â and expected nothing but their enthusiastic support. The senators proclaimed
Claudius emperor, and Agrippa recommended that Claudius be lenient vis-Ă -vis the conspirators, except for the regicides Cassius Chaerea and Lupus.
4323:, Bible d'Ă©tude Semeur (Ă©dition 2018, 26450 Charols, Excelis, septembre 2017, 2300 p. (ISBN 978-2-7550-0329-1), "Au mĂȘme instant, un ange du Seigneur vint le frapper parce qu'il n'avait pas rendu Ă Dieu l'honneur qui lui est dĂ». RongĂ© par les vers, il expira." Actes des ApĂŽtres 12 verset 23, page 1794
1282:
Agrippa and his brother Herod of
Chalcis also play the role of intercessors in favor of the Jews with the emperor. Their skills are not only recognized but also extended to all the Jewish communities of the Empire by the will of Claudius himself. They also have the status of censors of Jewish morals:
1111:
During these events, Agrippa was in Rome and it is possible that he learned of the affair from
Caligula himself, which plunged him into a conflict between his two identities, Jewish and Roman. But, after a few days of reflection, he took the side and took the risk of helping his Jewish compatriots in
975:
The return of Agrippa I crowned with a royal title excites the jealousy of his sister Herodias who urges her husband Antipas to claim for himself the title of king in Rome. In 39, Antipas then resolves to go and meet Caligula to try to obtain this imperial favor, which precipitated his loss. Informed
2487:
as an adult and Michael Clements as a child. He is depicted as one of Claudius's closest lifelong friends. Herod acts as Claudius's last and most trustworthy friend and advisor, giving him the key advice to trust no one, not even him. This advice proves prophetic at the end of Herod's life, where he
1525:
Agrippa died unexpectedly in the year 44, after only three years of reign over Judea, during the Games of Caesarea in honor of the emperor. Patronizing the games, he appeared there in dazzling silver finery in front of the crowd who acclaimed him and compared him to a god, a blasphemous remark for a
1165:
where the senators met in conclave and acted as intermediaries between them and Claudius. He inspired Claudius with a response to the latter, "in conformity with the dignity of his power" and he persuaded them to wisely abandon their idea of a republic, arguing that a new emperor has been proclaimed
1094:
brother of Agrippa - in the absence of the latter who was in Rome - in the presence and under the pressure of the crowd. Convinced of the imminence of a major revolt, Petronius tempered with the emperor by an exchange of letters exposing â at the risk of his life â the difficulties of the situation:
1684:
This account of the death of Agrippa, probably inserted by the second redactor of the Acts of the Apostles diverges from that of Flavius Josephus, but otherwise agrees with him on the divine origin of his mortal illness, occasioned by his impious refusal to reject the deification of which he is the
1344:
Apart from the recognition he must feel towards him, Claudius probably also saw in the appointment of Agrippa, heir to the Herodians and the Hasmoneans but also attached to the Julio-Claudians by personal relations, a factor of stability which could rid the imperial administration of the management
707:, and managed to contract a loan of one million drachmas from a Samaritan freedman of the emperor to carry out his project with the rising star of Rome. Although we do not know precisely under what conditions the friendship between the two men was forged, it must have been worth such an investment.
458:
Herod the Great, a ruler perceived as a ruthless usurper by his subjects, was a devoted supporter of the Roman Empire and promoted its cause throughout his kingdom. His reign was characterized by violence and numerous family intrigues as he had ten wives. In 29 BC, Herod executed his wife Mariamne,
1541:
The reign of Agrippa I thus did not last long enough to be able to significantly outline its political orientation. Nevertheless, the hopes of regained sovereignty aroused among the Jews of Judea by his accession did not disappear with his death and were probably part of the causes that led to the
1472:
His short administration was thus placed under the domination of Rome, of which he was an instrument of control, and the marks of honor given as sovereign by the Jews to the Temple testify to the "generalized clientelism in which personal friendships administrative relations throughout the Empire.
1214:
rank and authorized him "to appear in the senate and express his gratitude in Greek". Finally, to mark the considerable status of the sovereign, a treaty was ratified with the Senate and the people of Rome on the Forum, which took up the old treaties of friendship and Judeo-Roman alliance. Agrippa
967:
would marry the son Marcus Alexander a few years later. There was then an anti-Jewish atmosphere in the city that had lasted for some time. During festivities, the new king was the target of a popular anti-Jewish masquerade featuring an idiot nicknamed Karabas, foreshadowing the Jewish-Alexandrian
663:
and head of the Jewish community of Alexandria. This senior official, belonging to a Jewish family of Roman citizens, was a large landowner and, like Agrippa, a friend of the future Emperor Claudius. Lysimachus refused to lend the money directly to Agrippa, whose reputation for profligacy was well
1489:
Vibius Marsus, the governor of Syria who succeeded Petronius, was much less favorable to him. He sent a series of letters to Claudius to express his fears of Agrippa's rising power, reflecting the jealousy of the prince's Roman compatriots in the region. For his part, Agrippa repeatedly asked the
850:
was one of the five high points of the troubles that Judea experienced between the death of Herod the Great and the outbreak of the Great Jewish Revolt, punctuated by no less than six major incidents, to which must be added the execution of Jesus of Nazareth and possibly the sedition of Jesus Bar
1723:
and Livias. He was a prince close to the Romans, on whose side he sided during the Great Jewish Revolt of the years 66-70, he subsequently obtained various territories which concerned the history of Syria more than that of Palestine. Its territories are attached to the Roman province of Syria in
1115:
At first, Caligula seemed to give in to his friend's pleas and instructed Petronius to suspend his action towards Jerusalem, while warning the Jewish populations not to take any action against the shrines, statues and altars erected in his honor, as a reproduction of Caligula's letter by Flavius
1315:
immediately ordered the magistrates of Dora to remove the statue, referring to the edict of Claudius. However, this openness must be put into perspective, which is also reflected in the measures to limit worship against the Jews of Rome, as Dion Cassius reports (History, 60, 6, 6â7), perhaps in
834:
Aretas to marry Herodias, the sister of Agrippa I. Antipas' goal was only dynastic. It is a question of consolidating his position to be named by the emperor at the head of the tetrarchy of Philip who has just died or to be named king. At some point in this conflict, probably between 29 and 35.
2550:
There is almost unanimity among historians specializing in the period and the region in following the chronological indications provided by Flavius Josephus and situating this battle in 36; see Simon Claude Mimouni, Ancient Judaism from the 6th century BC to the 3rd century AD: From priests to
944:
troops withdrew from the former tetrarchy of Philip, which constitutes the bulk of the territories attributed to Agrippa. An agreement finally had to be reached between Aretas and the Romans represented on the spot by the legate of Syria. According to Nikos Kokkinos, Lindner showed that it was
1581:
The death of Agrippa was celebrated by the pagan populations of the kingdom, in particular in Caesarea and Sebaste, which the sovereign had nevertheless largely favored. The hostility of the Syrian population was also evident in attacks by Syrian auxiliaries on statues of the king's daughters
710:
A flattery from Agrippa to Caligula however caused him trouble: wishing in a conversation that the death of Tiberius would not be delayed any longer so that the young prince could succeed him, this remark was reported to Tiberius who orders the arrest of Agrippa. Agrippa enjoyed a comfortable
1144:
as well as several senators. The conspirators intended to return to a republic. Yet it was Claudius, Caligula's uncle, who was pushed to imperial power by the anti-republicans under curious conditions at the center of which Agrippa gravitated. Claudius was certainly erudite, but nevertheless
1628:
Half a century after Agrippa's sudden death, Flavius Josephus evokes the sovereign in these terms: "Agrippa's character was gentle and his benevolence was equal for all. He was full of humanity for people of foreign races and also showed them his liberality, but he was also helpful for his
364:
Carrying a dual Jewish and Roman identity, he played the role of intercessor on behalf of the Jews with the Roman authorities and, on the domestic level, gave hope to some of his Jewish subjects of the restoration of an independent kingdom. Pursuing the Herodian policy of
512:
In 5 BC, two years after the condemnation of his father Aristobulus IV, the young Agrippa was sent by Herod the Great to the imperial court of Rome in the company of his mother Berenice as well as his brothers and sisters. He was supported there by his mother's friend,
1375:, which recounts a finely orchestrated ceremony where the king was acclaimed and obtained the legitimacy of the priests in the Temple of Jerusalem while his grandfather Herod had never been admitted to the third court of the Temple. However, through his grandmother,
1077:
in the holiest place of this religion. Petronius disposes necessary armed troopsâtwo Roman legions and auxiliariesâwhich he barracks at Ptolemais, in Phoenicia, in the event of an uprising and his mission was to accompany the procession of the statueâbeing made in
2663:. The current language in Judea at the time being Syriac, it is this same word of âMaranâ which was to be pronounced by the disciples of Jesus to give him the title of Lord. Finally, this masquerade was intended to make fun of Agrippa I, the new Jewish king whom
751:. Caligula also conferred on him the praetorian ornaments, a dignity which allows certain non-senators to sit among them during public celebrations. "This completely exceptional reversal of the situation seems to have greatly impressed Agrippa's contemporaries."
1724:
92/94. A large part of the critics believe that he died at this time, but other critics are based on the indication of Photios of Constantinople who in the ninth century placed this death in the third year of Trajan (100). He has no children or close heirs.
1413:
deputy, who handed it to the High Priest, who handed it to the king. The king stood and received it, and then read sitting. King Agrippa stood and received it and read standing, and the sages praised him for doing so. When Agrippa reached the commandment of
1348:
Agrippa clearly inherited his grandfather's splendor and his desire for recognition beyond his borders. Internally, he tried to satisfy both his Jewish and pagan subjects and was divided between his religious capital, Jerusalem, and his "little Rome",
1493:
The legate of Syria interrupted, on the orders of Claudius alerted, the fortification of Jerusalem and tempered the regional diplomatic ambitions of the latter. Indeed, Agrippa invited to Tiberias the kings Herod of Chalcisâhis brotherâthe king of
1302:
of the city. For all those who stood up against Caligula's plan to erect his statue in the Temple of Jerusalem, it was a real provocation. Agrippa intervenes immediately and asks for the application of the decree of Claudius. He acts here as an
1681:(44â46) and in the Gesture of Peter which constitutes the first part of the Acts, the murder of James the Great, then the arrest-escape of Peter are later of five chapters to this speech and precedes the account of the death of Agrippa (44).
675:
helped Agrippa to get out of this new embarrassment by advancing him the totality of the sum dueâthree hundred thousand drachmasâand Agrippa regained imperial favour. All these details are found in the second work of Flavius Josephus, the
652:, Herennius Capiton, for the debts contracted vis-Ă -vis the treasury of the Empire. The latter sent him the troop but, taking advantage of the night, Agrippa embarked and managed to reach Alexandria where he obtained new funding from the
1226:
These new charges decide Agrippa to consider that his place was henceforth on his territories and he embarks soon after for Judea. It was the same year that Berenice, daughter of Agrippa, united under the patronage of the emperor to
451:. Herod the Great was therefore both the paternal grandfather and the maternal great-uncle of Agrippa. His parents marked the Roman status of this Jewish prince by giving him the name of a close collaborator of the Emperor Augustus,
1633:
gave Agrippa a positive legacy and related that he was known in his time as "Agrippa the Great". In the rabbinical sources, Agrippa is presented as a pious man and his reign is described in a very positive way. Conversely, the
1182:
If these stories are to be believed, this episode made the new Emperor obligated by his childhood friend and this devotion earned him a sizeable reward: Agrippa saw his possessions increased by most of the ancient kingdom of
1521:
argued the possibility of a conspiracy. Although it is unlikely that Agrippa considered breaking with his close Roman protectors and familiars, the kings were enjoined to return to their respective kingdoms without delay.
536:
As young men, Agrippa and his friends Claudius and Drusus had a reputation for immorality and excess. Agrippa went into debt as a result of this sumptuous life, and received significant financial assistance from his uncle
1368:, without forgetting however the cities of Phoenicia and Syria. He also offered shows and games, notably with gladiators, even if this contravened Jewish prescriptions, which he got accepted by using condemned criminals.
945:
Caligula who transferred Damascus to Nabathean control. For him, since Caligula succeeded Tiberius who died on March 16, 37, the negotiations with Aretas could not have been completed before the summer of the same year.
1156:
to the palace in search of Claudius, who had hidden there for fear of being assassinated. It was also at his instigation that the praetorians proclaimed Claudius emperor because without a sovereign, the guard lost its
1742:
The unions of Agrippa's daughters are part of a matrimonial strategy consisting in allying with the most fortunate party possible which is not exempt from competition between the sisters. The first of the daughters,
1017:
Following the clashes between Jews and Greeks in Alexandria, for confused reasons the delegation led by Philo of Alexandria to Caligula learned "with horror" of the Emperor's project to erect his own statue in the
718:
The accession to the throne of his friend began Agrippa's fortune. Caligula offered Agrippa a gold chain "of the same weight as the chain of his captivity". He granted him, in addition to the title of king and the
1119:
This temporary success of Agrippa testifies to the close relations which bound him with the most important personalities of the Roman world, which was confirmed during the succession of the assassinated emperor.
1145:
excessively shy, afflicted with a physical handicap and without particular ambition. The omnipresent support of his childhood friend, as well as his maneuvers, seem to have been decisive in his ascent to power.
369:
through major works in several Greek cities of the Near East, he nevertheless alienated some of his Greek and Syrian subjects while his regional ambitions earned him the opposition of the imperial legate of the
1703:(administrator) 113. In 53/54, he returned this territory in exchange for most of the ex-tetrarchy of Philip, to which were added the tetrarchies of Lysanias and Varus. Later (in 54â56 or 61), he receives from
1601:. This decision, along with the unruly conduct of the Syrian auxiliaries, generated renewed unrest in Caesarea and elsewhere. The appointment of the priests and the control of the Temple of Jerusalem passed to
459:
Agrippa's grandmother, out of jealousy. The following year, he executed Agrippa's mother Berenice. In 7 BC, when Agrippa was just three or four years old, Herod had Agrippa's father Aristobulus IV and uncle
971:
These troubles led the two partiesâJews and Alexandrian Greeksâto each send three delegates to the emperor to settle the deeper conflict between the two communities. Philo was one of the Jewish delegation.
5037:
908:, who was too closely linked to Pilate, and restored to the priests of the temple the supervision of the ceremonies of the great Jewish worship festivals. When the death of Tiberius was announced at
1608:
For the Jews, these events marked the end of hopes for even a symbolic Jewish independence, and it was then that intransigent factious movements with messianic and anti-Roman connotations appeared.
2770:'s reign are the subject of debate, as he used several eras â two or three âon his coins and inscriptions. This question, which has been debated for several decades, is still unresolved.
862:, the most convinced of whom "took up arms". The gathering had a messianic connotation whose leaderâwhom Flavius Josephus avoids namingâsought to appear as the eschatological prophet similar to
1526:
Jew against which the king did not then protest. Some of his contemporaries read as a divine punishment for this blasphemy the cause of his death which occurred shortly after: According to the
1418:
that "you may not put a foreigner over you" as king, his eyes ran with tears, but they said to him, "Don't fear, Agrippa, you are our brother, you are our brother!" The king would read from
2667:
has just named, passing through Alexandria on his way to his territories, while Jesus was condemned for having proclaimed himself "King of the Jews" or for having been so by his followers.
762:, and had just arrived in Rome. Agrippa showed no eagerness to take charge of the affairs of his kingdom, and it was only in the summer of 38 that he went to Batanea for a short stay.
2492:
and raising a rebellion against Rome, to Claudius's dismay. However, he is struck down by a possibly supernatural illness and sends a final letter to Claudius asking for forgiveness.
2676:
Again, in The Jewish War, Josephus gives a different version. âAgrippa had followedâ Antipas to Rome âto accuse himâ and thus obtained his dismissal. What he fails to relate in the
1817:, born around 38, was first promised to Gaius Epiphanes, son of Antiochus IV of Commagene, but the prince refused to be circumcised for the occasion. Drusilla was then united with
1693:
From his union with Cypros, Agrippa has four children reaching adulthood, a son Agrippa, and three daughters, Berenice, Mariamne and Drusilla. Another son, Drusus, died in infancy
2512:
1832:, around 50 who, according to Flavius Josephus, would have taken her away from her husband. The couple had a son called Agrippa (probably Marcus Antonius Agrippa) died in
1669:. Indeed, in addition to these editorial elements, the chronological inconsistencies of the Acts have been well known for more than a century, in particular the speech of
2745:
in the 9th century, it is written: "these miseries were less painful for the Romans than the expectation of an increase in cruelty and intemperance on the part of Caius (
1022:
in gold under the guise of Zeus. According to Josephus, it is possible that the emperor was sensitive to the arguments of the delegation of Greeks from Alexandria led by
624:
in a border dispute brought before his legate friend. Agrippa then decided to attempt a return to Rome where Tiberius might agree to receive his son's old friends again.
43:
703:, grandson of the protector of Agrippa, Antonia. The latter undertook to win the favors and friendship of Caius, imitated in this by another prince without a kingdom,
1275:
An edict by Claudius recalls the privileges granted to Alexandrian Jews who can live according to their laws and whom nothing can rule out from the observance of the
1034:
and to place himself above the politics of mortals in his lifetime and has the idea of imposing his divine status on the empire, whatever the political consequences.
490:
Agrippa thus descends from both the Hasmonean and Herodian dynasties, but his father's death sentence for treason seems to set him aside from a logic of succession.
1461:
Agrippa used his prerogative to appoint the high priests of the Temple three times during his short reign, choosing alternately from the priestly dynasties of the
1379:, Agrippa belonged to a priestly family, which Herod did not. He was thus the first Herodo-Hasmonean to participate in a Temple office since the dismissal of the
549:. The following period saw him experience various adventures and scandals linked to the need to ensure his lifestyle without enjoying the corresponding income.
952:
932:
Tetrarchy of Philip main part of the kingdom given to Agrippa (the kingdom of Lysanias called Abilene was located further north in the Roman province of Syria)
5522:
5486:
5447:
1818:
886:
after his execution, for he was one of his thirty disciples. Pilate crucified their leaders and the most prominent personalities that he managed to capture.
671:, received Agrippa and gave his son's former companion a warm welcome, which was soon tempered by a letter from the governor of Yabne about his debts. But
1767:, who was appointed procurator of Judea in 46 by Claudius. This first husband died shortly afterwards and Berenice was then united to her paternal uncle
5856:
900:
at the end of a ten-year term "so that he explains to the emperor what the Jews are accusing him of. On the following Passover, he came in person to
6947:
4791:
1401:
immediately after the conclusion of the seventh year in the cycle, they erected a wooden dais in the Temple court, upon which the king sat. The
1371:
On a religious level, as soon as he arrived, Agrippa forged the reputation of a very pious man whom he knew how to maintain, as attested by the
1364:
by financing the construction of prestigious works (theatre, amphitheater and baths) in liberalities which mainly benefited the Roman colony of
6952:
5988:
5559:
2701:, it was during this agitation that the term âChristianâ appeared, coined by the Romans to designate similar protesting Messianic Jews to the
1673:, delivered seven chapters before the account of the death of Agrippa to defend the apostles during a previous arrest, speaks of the death of
889:
At the end of that same year, Vitellius used the complaints of the Council of Samaritans about this last incident as a pretext to dismiss the
890:
5013:
4753:
Ross S. Kraemer, "Typical and atypical Jewish family dynamics: The lives of Berenice and Babatha:, in David L. Balch et Carolyn A. Osiek,
2582:
1254:
and was honored in Rome with the title of praetor. He would marry his niece, Bérénice, after the premature death of her young husband.
3783:
Monika Bernett, « Roman Imperial Cult in the Galilee », in JĂŒrgen Zangenberg, Harold W. Attridge et Dale B. Martin (dirs.),
1279:, soon followed by a second edict which extends the Alexandrian privileges to the Jews of the diaspora throughout the whole empire.
5912:
584:, who encouraged Antipas to continue to help Agrippa. Antipas provided him with money, offered to settle Agrippa and his family in
6912:
5796:
463:
executed following more palace intrigues. These events also led to the executions of Antipater, a son Herod had with Doris, and
5149:, Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, coll. « Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha Supplement Series », 1998
1744:
155:
151:
147:
4836:
CiecielÄ
g Jerzy, Polityczne dziedzictwo Heroda Wielkiego. Palestyna w epoce rzymsko-herodiaĆskiej, KrakĂłw 2002, s. 75â77, 140.
1802:
who lived with her mother in Alexandria, Egypt after her parents' divorce. Mariamne left her husband and married Demetrius of
5295:
5097:
2517:
2594:
in these stories. This proximity is both phonetic and graphic. Especially since in ancient Christian texts the nicknames or
940:, probably assisted by Marullus, the new prefect of Judea. Flavius Josephus does not recount the conditions under which the
664:
established. It was with this capital of two hundred thousand drachmas that Agrippa embarked for Italy in the spring of 36.
6957:
6605:
6593:
2349:
2342:
2335:
1795:
1735:
1026:
who, in the conflict between the two parties, complained of the "privileges" granted to the Jews. For the Jewish historian
964:
1598:
916:, considering that he could no longer wage war without orders from the new emperor. He "makes the people swear loyalty to
754:
According to Flavius Josephus, at the very moment when he placed the royal diadem on the head of Agrippa I, Caligula sent
1446:). The king would recite the same blessings as the High Priest, except that the king would substitute a blessing for the
1037:
Caligula's initiative horrifies the Jewish subjects of the Empire and causes unrest in the diaspora in Rome, but also in
471:
and its supporters, almost wiping them out entirely. However, he spared the children of Aristobulus, including Agrippa,
5597:
5552:
5122:
5051:
5902:
5318:
5272:
5249:
5219:
5176:
5162:
5074:
1771:, with whom she had two sons, Berenician and Hyrcan. After the death of Herod of Chalcis and the insistent rumors of
1645:
A significant number of critics follow the Christian tradition to identify Agrippa with "Herod the king" who, in the
1570:
1498:
1220:
529:, who was the friend of his grandmother. Agrippa grew up in Rome with the children of the imperial family, including
467:, Agrippa's maternal grandfather, three years later. Herod was responsible for the deaths of numerous members of the
3163:, Les Belles Lettres, 1975, 3 Tomes., rĂ©Ă©d. 2003. Traduction Pierre Savinel, Ăditions de Minuit, 1977, en un volume.
5922:
5892:
5876:
5043:
1814:
912:
37, Vitellius, very reluctant to support Antipas with his troops, interrupted the march of his two legions against
126:
948:
On the way to his new kingdom, Agrippa passed through Alexandria around July 38 where he probably lodged with the
6967:
6856:
5917:
5897:
2436:
1799:
1107:
Coin minted under Agrippa I. Profile of Caligula on the left, Germanicus on his triumphal chariot, on the right.
6942:
6621:
5706:
5642:
5154:
2979:
936:
Agrippa returned to his territories in the summer of 38, after the situation had been clarified on the spot by
558:
1152:, Agrippa indeed played a significant role in the choice of the new emperor. It was he who led a squad of the
6075:
6057:
5568:
5545:
2065:
424:
386:
205:
1328:, to be read a contrario as a criticism of the Judeophobic policy of Claudius (Legation to Caius 155â158)".
806:
about the control of the kingdom of Armenia. In 36, the armies of two kings who were clients of the Romans,
263:. He was acquaintance or friend of Roman emperors and even played crucial roles in internal Roman politics.
6753:
5085:
5062:
5039:
Le judaĂŻsme ancien du VIe siĂšcle avant notre Ăšre au IIIe siĂšcle de notre Ăšre : des prĂȘtres aux rabbins
3404:
2799:
2644:
1589:âan inexperienced young man who grew up at the imperial court, protected by the emperorâClaudius made it a
937:
799:
759:
1090:
where the troubles continued for about forty days. Petronius goes there and meets the notables as well as
6743:
6332:
6237:
6212:
5816:
5688:
2639:, the brother of Jesus. Furthermore, this event takes place in August 38, less than 18 months after
874:. Certain Church fathers, as well as the Mandaean tradition and in particular one of their writings, the
755:
61:
1798:, married Julius Archelaus son of an officer of the court of Agrippa named Chelkias They had a daughter
1501:âfather-in-law of his brother Aristobulusâas well as three princes who had been his companions in Rome,
1086:. The population rushed in numbers to Ptolemais, supported by the Jewish religious authorities, then to
6808:
6803:
6033:
5260:
5133:
2710:
2698:
1605:, who also became the foremost intermediary between the Jews and the Romans until his own death in 48.
1543:
1321:
1242:
Claudius' accession to the throne also marked the restoration of several other kingdoms in Asia Minor.
1207:
so that the sovereign now reigned over a territory as vast as that of his grandfather Herod the Great.
1027:
282:. He suffered a period of disgrace following the death of Drusus which forced him to return to live in
6977:
6917:
6881:
6663:
6339:
6232:
6115:
5963:
4922:
2750:
1776:
1502:
1451:
960:
704:
1219:âas his grandfather had been in 40 BC.âand the text is preserved on bronze tablets in the temple of
6813:
6728:
6545:
6242:
6171:
6038:
5998:
1316:
reaction to the agitation resulting from the rapid development of the movement of the followers of
1262:
803:
609:
452:
632:
6972:
6927:
6871:
6599:
6418:
6394:
6277:
6227:
6197:
6070:
5953:
5831:
5826:
5377:
4991:
4981:
4940:
4874:
4576:
4572:
4431:
4413:
3915:
2677:
2479:
1748:
1383:
1228:
711:
captivity and was released by Caligula shortly after the death of Tiberius on March 16, 37, when
678:
546:
460:
5342:
5334:
The Jews Under Roman Rule : From Pompey to Diocletian : A Study in Political Relations
1466:
1136:
On January 24, 41, Caligula was assassinated by a large-scale conspiracy, notably involving the
980:
where his wife freely accompanies him. As for Agrippa, he receives the territories of Antipas â
6962:
6907:
6876:
6668:
6082:
5731:
5647:
4332:
3197:
2967:
Chronicle of the Old Testament Kings: the Reign-By-Reign Record of the Rulers of Ancient Israel
2616:
2484:
1886:
1826:
1752:
1639:
1236:
1204:
1050:
795:
656:
542:
432:
283:
5283:
2971:
2783:
6932:
6833:
6678:
6374:
6282:
5861:
5776:
5766:
5711:
5675:
5587:
2965:
2749:), especially because it was learned that he was intimately connected with kings Agrippa and
1410:
913:
879:
807:
779:
612:
was the legate. Shortly after, he was disgraced following an intervention by his own brother
4346:
6658:
6399:
6379:
6207:
6189:
6163:
5948:
5805:
5108:
5090:
Juifs et nabatéens : Les monarchies ethniques du Proche-Orient hellénistique et romain
5033:
5019:
4953:
G. Boccaccini, Portraits of Middle Judaism in Scholarship and Arts (Turin: Zamorani, 1992).
4917:
4892:
2771:
2624:
2457:
1665:. It is therefore possible that "Herod the king" does not designate Agrippa I, but his son
1646:
1527:
1510:
843:
641:
530:
275:
8:
6851:
6773:
6733:
6653:
6534:
6327:
6307:
6181:
6133:
6104:
5746:
5726:
5627:
5440:
5112:
2632:
2541:
Agrippa II was not king of Judea but ruler of other territories in Eastern Mediterranean.
1875:
1658:
1518:
1070:
1019:
444:
375:
319:
723:
which was its sign, the territories of Philip, who had died shortly before, tetrarch of
699:, then a teenager and one of the two designated heirs of Tiberius with his grand-nephew
6937:
6843:
6828:
6738:
6723:
6384:
6354:
6257:
6153:
6138:
6065:
5851:
5846:
5736:
5368:
5187:
4807:
1764:
758:
as "hipparch (ጱÏÏÎŹÏÏηÏ) of Judea" to replace Pontius Pilate, who had been dismissed by
80:
616:, who denounced him to Flaccus for having received a bribe to defend the interests of
6312:
6028:
5943:
5811:
5329:
5314:
5291:
5268:
5245:
5215:
5172:
5150:
5118:
5093:
5070:
5047:
2975:
2608:
2569:
2561:
2213:
1879:
1514:
1380:
1350:
1091:
1062:
985:
819:
696:
613:
476:
468:
408:
287:
138:
116:
1336:
6886:
6688:
6683:
6586:
6485:
6473:
6369:
6302:
6297:
6287:
6262:
6148:
6128:
6099:
5958:
5716:
5698:
5592:
5463:
5405:
5306:
2767:
2612:
2573:
2507:
2502:
2328:
2192:
1955:
1768:
1696:
1666:
1662:
1602:
1586:
1566:
1562:
1317:
1243:
1153:
1137:
920:". and once again dismisses the high priest whom he had appointed 50 days earlier.
883:
871:
867:
836:
787:
566:
472:
260:
256:
248:
185:
143:
20:
3785:
Religion, Ethnicity, and Identity in Ancient Galilee : A Region in Transition
3396:
2690:
2460:(mus.) and Claudio Nicola Stampa (libr.), first performed at the Teatro Ducale of
1397:
that the king read the Torah to the people. At the conclusion of the first day of
798:
which create a very tense situation. Since 35, the Romans and the legate of Syria
573:, where they led a modest existence, far from the splendor of the imperial court.
498:
361:â thus ruling over a territory as vast as the ancient kingdom of Herod the Great.
349:
to the head of the empire in 41 and he was endowed with the former territories of
6626:
6515:
6508:
6292:
6094:
6043:
5841:
5836:
5781:
5741:
5515:
5230:
5200:
4343:
3625:
2742:
2652:
2178:
1951:
1650:
1447:
1361:
1290:
A few months after the murder of Caligula, inhabitants of the Phoenician city of
1284:
1246:, Agrippa's brother also received a royal title, was granted the principality of
1184:
1162:
1141:
835:
Antipas thinks of silencing his opposition by executing a Jewish preacher called
416:
350:
252:
240:
5385:
2607:
are often connected to the names of members of the family of Jesus, such as the
6922:
6631:
6616:
6611:
6540:
6344:
6123:
6109:
6087:
5938:
5791:
5786:
5771:
5680:
5579:
5372:
5240:
The Damascus Code, the Tent of David, the New Covenant, and the Blood of Christ
4976:
4771:
4555:
3181:
2640:
2636:
2628:
2056:
1841:
1829:
1720:
1685:
object by the people, perhaps testifying to the use of a common Jewish source.
1590:
1247:
1200:
1066:
897:
847:
748:
712:
688:
412:
315:
195:
4197:
1455:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1415:
1394:
1128:
6901:
6866:
6693:
6501:
6453:
6443:
6409:
6389:
6359:
5978:
5479:
2694:
2468:
1712:
1678:
1594:
1531:
1443:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1390:
1320:
and which would be evoked by the Letter of Claudius to the Alexandrians. For
1031:
859:
811:
802:
are engaged in a decisive confrontation against the Parthians and their king
783:
770:
672:
601:
581:
538:
514:
436:
335:
76:
4588:
Rajak, Tessa (1996), "Iulius Agrippa (2) II, Marcus", in Hornblower, Simon,
2659:
which translates as "Lord", title which is very often given to Jesus in the
2564:
because it resembles in many ways what was done to one of the two Jesuses â
6798:
6768:
6763:
6748:
6718:
6423:
5983:
5721:
3632:, Chapter XV â Les HĂ©rodiens : Agrippa Ier ; HĂ©rode II â (37-49).
3428:
3202:
Comptes-rendus des séances de l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres
3200:, « La date de naissance de Jésus du point de vue romain », dans
2731:
2185:
1295:
1211:
1042:
484:
1649:, persecutes the community of Jesus' disciples in Jerusalem, then who has
1616:
1239:
whom Claudius had freed from the captivity to which the reduced Caligula.
988:â as well as all the property confiscated from the tetrarch and his wife.
6793:
6458:
6428:
6143:
5164:
Crucifixion in A.D. 36 : The Keystone for Dating the Birth of Jesus
4998:
4905:
4320:
2727:
2627:
is even nicknamed Judas Barabbas , while in current versions he is named
2620:
2473:
1837:
1806:, "the first of the Jews of Alexandria by birth and fortune who was then
1654:
1312:
1307:
of the Jews, since Dora was not located on his territory. Petronius, the
1149:
928:
605:
440:
371:
286:. Back in Rome around 35, Tiberius made him the guardian of his grandson
5210:
The Historical James, Paul as the Enemy, and Jesus' Brothers as Apostles
3670:
Le conflit judéo-alexandrin de 38-41 : l'identité juive à l'épreuve
6758:
6708:
6013:
5968:
5660:
5537:
1963:
1803:
1784:
1756:
1376:
1357:
1038:
941:
855:
736:
645:
590:
464:
420:
366:
303:
294:. The advent of the latter to the throne allowed him to become king of
5391:
2580:. The very name by which the actors of this parody call their victim (
1174:
695:
The emperor asked Agrippa to take charge of Drusus' son, his grandson
35:
6823:
6673:
6550:
6463:
6438:
6322:
6018:
6008:
6003:
5993:
5973:
5866:
5801:
4820:
2587:
1727:
1574:
1402:
1324:, the writing of Philo Legation to CaĂŻus "constitutes an apology for
1308:
1299:
1103:
1083:
1074:
1058:
909:
901:
740:
307:
521:â who would become emperor in 14 â and mother of the future emperor
6788:
6713:
6698:
6562:
6528:
6522:
6468:
6364:
6272:
6267:
6217:
5751:
5655:
5637:
5622:
4986:
4971:
4935:
4887:
4869:
4784:
4766:
4568:
4550:
4426:
4408:
3910:
3176:
2746:
2664:
2596:
2565:
2199:
1944:
1807:
1670:
1635:
1630:
1558:
1506:
1325:
1304:
1232:
1087:
1006:
949:
917:
905:
700:
683:
653:
617:
585:
577:
522:
518:
480:
448:
428:
346:
342:
323:
291:
279:
271:
4755:
Early Christian Families in Context: An Interdisciplinary Dialogue
2560:
Some critics see in this parody a reference to the crucifixion of
640:
Agrippa borrowed the sum of twenty thousand drachmas to embark at
6861:
6818:
6783:
6778:
6645:
6448:
6433:
6317:
6222:
6202:
5871:
5756:
5693:
5665:
5506:
4802:
4514:
Jewish Life and Thought among Greeks and Romans: Primary Readings
2702:
2648:
2489:
1833:
1780:
1708:
1674:
1535:
1372:
1365:
1291:
1196:
1123:
1054:
1046:
981:
870:. A figure that has also been attributed to John the Baptist and
827:
822:, as well as several sources in Syriac and Armenian, the king of
732:
562:
382:
358:
327:
295:
180:
130:
65:
1554:
1546:
which broke out some twenty years later in the ancient kingdom.
1001:
569:. Agrippa and his wife Cypros lived in a fortress in Malatha of
6556:
6349:
6252:
6247:
6176:
5761:
5670:
5607:
5168:, Chronos, kairos, Christos: nativity and chronological studies
3619:
2660:
2577:
1772:
1409:
and handed it to the synagogue president, who handed it to the
1406:
1398:
1251:
1192:
1010:
823:
744:
724:
720:
354:
311:
1148:
If we are to believe Flavius Josephus and the Roman historian
6703:
6414:
6404:
6023:
5906:
5821:
5632:
5576:
5008:
3901:, 327 ; quoted by Martin Goodman, 2009, p. 112-113.
3894:
2791:
2787:
2775:
2715:
EnquĂȘte sur les racines juives du mouvement chrĂ©tien (30-135)
2591:
2513:
List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources
2461:
1822:
1788:
1760:
1731:
1716:
1462:
1276:
1188:
1079:
1023:
956:
894:
863:
831:
815:
775:
728:
668:
660:
649:
621:
596:
526:
331:
299:
3354:
1481:
1283:
they ensure respect for the Torah by the communities of the
4111:
3702:
3435:, Taplinger Publishing co, 1980, New-York, p. 165â166.
1810:" from the city., and had a son from him named Agrippinus.
1704:
1495:
1210:
According to Cassius Dio, Claudius also granted his friend
977:
570:
267:
5147:
The Herodian Dynasty: Origins, Role in Society and Eclipse
4710:
4708:
4706:
4655:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4598:
4392:
4390:
1585:
Rather than entrusting the late king's kingdom to his son
1476:
266:
He spent his childhood and youth at the imperial court in
5349:(in French). Paris: Librairie Lecoffre J. Gabalda et Cie.
5092:. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes. p. 305.
4749:
4747:
4633:
4631:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4279:
4277:
4275:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4166:
4164:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4031:
XIX, 245, quoted by Mireille Hadas-Lebel, op. cit. p. 85.
3992:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3973:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3801:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3752:
3750:
3545:
3543:
3407:, "HĂ©rode le Grand", Pygmalion, Paris, 2011, p. 223.
3280:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3054:
3052:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3008:
3006:
2631:, or as the fourth bishop of Jerusalem after the dead of
2488:
is depicted as coming to believe that he is a prophesied
1791:
who dismisses her before he reaches the imperial office.
818:, causing a crushing defeat for the latter. According to
5111:(2009). "VI : Caligula, Agrippa Ier et les Juifs".
4757:, Ă©d. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2003, p. 133â137.
4691:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2882:
1825:, another oriental prince, whom she leaves to marry the
854:
In 36, Pontius Pilate quickly suppressed a gathering of
4851:
4703:
4667:
4643:
4595:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4387:
4101:
3947:
Was He Pushed or Did He Leap? Claudius' Ascent to Power
3609:
3607:
3344:
3342:
3242:
3171:
3169:
381:
He is the king named Herod whose death is recounted in
345:, he played a leading role in Rome in the accession of
4839:
4744:
4628:
4532:
4356:
4289:
4272:
4262:
4260:
4236:
4224:
4205:
4161:
4144:
4123:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4059:
4049:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4011:
4009:
4007:
4005:
3983:
3956:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3823:
3790:
3779:
3777:
3747:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3719:
3717:
3540:
3503:
3501:
3267:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3049:
3003:
2993:
2991:
2947:
2945:
2707:
Essay on the origins of Christianity: an exploded sect
2452:
Herod Agrippa is the protagonist of the Italian opera
794:
During his stay in Rome, several events take place in
648:, after having been reminded by the Roman governor of
5388:, article in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith
3680:
3678:
3433:
Revolution in Judaea: Jesus and the Jewish Resistance
2920:
2918:
2879:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
1266:
Map of Palestine in the time of Agrippa I (37-44 AD).
878:, provide indications according to which it could be
5265:
EnquĂȘte sur les racines juives du mouvement chrĂ©tien
4450:
4438:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4181:
4179:
3932:
Ce point est débattu ; cf. Daniel R. Schwartz,
3604:
3378:
3339:
3327:
3255:
3166:
1065:, to place the statue willingly or by force in the "
5236:
James the Brother of Jesus And The Dead Sea Scrolls
5206:
James the Brother of Jesus And The Dead Sea Scrolls
4257:
4078:
4034:
4002:
3876:
3859:
3835:
3774:
3714:
3498:
3459:
3122:
3103:
3064:
2988:
2942:
2930:
4199:Letter of the Emperor Claudius to the Alexandrians
3675:
3555:
3518:
3516:
3452:64, p. 417â456, voir aussi Stefan L. Davies,
3410:
2915:
2862:
2845:
2820:
866:, one of the three messianic figures found in the
290:and Agrippa approached the other designated heir,
5341:
5229:
4732:
4500:
4479:
4467:
4368:
4176:
3220:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3210:
2635:also called Judas Barsabas and given as a son of
1629:compatriots and showed them even more sympathy".
6899:
5199:
4496:
4494:
3735:
3465:
3422:
3309:
3303:
3298:Possible Historical Traces in the Doctrina Addai
3093:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3031:
1331:
1298:) introduced a statue of Claudius into the main
435:and sister of Herod the Great, who was close to
4679:
4616:
3513:
2905:
2903:
2901:
1653:killed "with the sword" while that the apostle
996:
557:Around 26, Agrippa probably married his cousin
3652:
3650:
3366:
3207:
2730:, Agrippa had a very bad reputation among the
1124:Death of Caligula and installation of Claudius
682:, published around 93/94, during the reign of
5553:
5366:
4527:Reading Luke-Acts in Its Mediterranean Milieu
4491:
3476:
3474:
3315:
3230:
3193:
3191:
3076:
3028:
923:
882:who succeeded to the head of the movement of
545:of Tiberius and he hastily left Rome for the
5259:
4720:
4582:
4485:
4473:
4185:
3741:
2898:
1450:instead of one for the forgiveness of sin. (
378:. He died suddenlyâpossibly poisonedâin 44.
334:in 40, following the disgrace of his uncle,
5107:
4857:
4308:
4283:
4218:
4155:
3977:
3920:
3805:
3696:
3684:
3647:
3641:
3549:
3290:
3141:
3058:
2477:, as well as the BBC television adaptation
1340:Remains of the Herodian Palace in Caesarea.
561:, daughter of Phasael, son of the Tetrarch
5560:
5546:
5171:. Jerry Vardaman & Edwin M. Yamauchi.
5117:. Paris: A. & J. Picard. p. 231.
5084:
5061:
4714:
4661:
4622:
4610:
4396:
4242:
4230:
4170:
4138:
4117:
4072:
3996:
3829:
3756:
3708:
3579:
3567:
3528:
3507:
3486:
3471:
3372:
3284:
3224:
3188:
3022:
2892:
2803:
1775:with her brother Agrippa, she proposes to
1389:The Mishnah explained how the Jews of the
318:in 37 by obtaining the old tetrarchies of
34:
16:King of Judaea (11 BCâAD 44) (r. 41âAD 44)
5328:
4685:
3321:
3236:
3097:
3043:
2909:
2544:
2446:
1386:, even if he does not sacrifice himself.
1098:
991:
270:where he befriended the imperial princes
5567:
5192:Agrippa I : The Last King of Judaea
5186:
5160:
4878:xvii. 1. § 2, xviii. 5â8, xix. 4â8.
4845:
4538:
4362:
3936:, Ă©d. Mohr Siebeck, 1990, p. 88-89.
3934:Agrippa I : The Last King of Judaea
3853:
3817:
3768:
3613:
3384:
3360:
3348:
3333:
3261:
3252:, Ă©d. Mohr Siebeck, 1990, p. 62â63.
3116:
3070:
2963:
2951:
2936:
2924:
2753:, as teachers of tyranny", Cassius Dio,
1726:
1615:
1553:
1480:
1335:
1270:
1261:
1250:, previously attached to the kingdom of
1173:
1127:
1102:
1000:
927:
769:
631:
497:
6948:1st-century monarchs in the Middle East
5282:
5132:
5032:
4738:
4726:
4697:
4673:
4649:
4637:
4461:
4444:
4381:
4266:
4105:
4053:
4015:
3882:
3870:
3841:
3729:
3656:
3585:
3573:
3561:
3534:
3492:
3480:
3416:
3147:
3135:
2997:
2970:. London: Thames & Hudson. p.
2873:
2856:
2839:
2795:
2779:
2705:; see Ătienne Nodet and Justin Taylor,
2523:
1477:Regional ambitions and unexpected death
6900:
5311:JudaĂŻsm from Cyrus to Hadrian, Vol. II
5305:
5042:(in French). Vol. Nouvelle clio.
3787:, Ă©d. Mohr Siebeck, 2007, p. 347.
3601:, Munich, Delp, 1974, p. 130-131.
3522:
3161:La Guerre des Juifs contre les Romains
2774:places this beginning of his reign in
1178:Evolution of the Kingdom of Agrippa I.
6953:1st-century Roman governors of Judaea
5541:
3599:Petra und das Königreich der NabatÀer
3403:92, 1985, p. 497â524; quoted by
2518:List of Hasmonean and Herodian rulers
2435:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2353:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2334:
2332:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2273:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2212:
2210:
2205:
2203:
2198:
2196:
2191:
2189:
2184:
2177:
2129:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2077:
2064:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2033:
2011:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1981:
1961:
1950:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1928:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1885:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1840:with his wife during the eruption of
1345:of a province with endemic troubles.
1257:
2528:
765:
4516:, A&C Black, 1996, p. 335.
3672:, L'Harmattan, 2005, p. 86-87.
2957:
2709:, ed. Cerf, 1998, p. 286-287;
2586:) makes one think of Barabbas, the
2467:Herod Agrippa is a major figure in
1642:organized rejoicings at his death.
1393:era interpreted the requirement of
1169:
244:
13:
5598:Life of Jesus in the New Testament
5392:Sergey E. Rysev. Herod and Agrippa
4965:
4960:
4592:, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3250:Agrippa I: The Last King of Judaea
1620:Schematic family tree showing the
1217:rex amicus et socius Populi Romani
1030:, Caligula intends to develop the
814:, clashed around the territory of
552:
14:
6989:
5354:
2454:LâAgrippa tetrarca di Gerusalemme
1582:adorning the palace of Caesarea.
1442:), and the blessings and curses (
786:. (At the bottom, we can see the
565:, who gave him a first son named
493:
129:, daughter of Phasael II, son of
5381:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
5360:
5267:(in French). Cerf. p. 586.
4947:
4929:
4911:
4899:
4881:
4863:
4830:
4814:
4796:
4778:
4760:
4562:
4544:
4519:
4506:
4420:
4402:
4337:
4326:
4314:
2760:
1677:intervened under the procurator
959:of Alexandria and the father of
415:, one of the children that king
411:around 11 BC. He was the son of
5347:Actes des deux apĂŽtres, livre I
5313:. Fortress Press. p. 722.
4248:
4191:
4021:
3939:
3926:
3904:
3888:
3847:
3811:
3762:
3690:
3662:
3635:
3591:
3438:
3390:
3153:
2720:
2683:
2670:
2554:
1800:Berenice (daughter of Mariamne)
1490:emperor to dismiss the legate.
774:Ruins of the fortified city of
627:
259:, the last known king from the
6913:People in Acts of the Apostles
2717:, ed. Cerf, 2001, p. 147.
2535:
2483:, wherein he was portrayed by
1847:
1434:the portion regarding tithes (
133:I (brother of Herod the Great)
1:
5086:Schwentzel, Christian-Georges
5063:Schwentzel, Christian-Georges
5026:
4501:Boismard & Lamouille 1990
3204:, 139 (3), 1995, p. 804.
1763:of Alexandria and brother of
1549:
1332:Administration of the kingdom
503:
221:
108:
95:
5923:People named Simon or Simeon
5345:; Lamouille, Arnaud (1990).
4775:, livre II, § XI, 6, (218s).
3405:Christian-Georges Schwentzel
2813:
2800:Christian-Georges Schwentzel
2464:, Italy, on August 28, 1724.
1759:, nephew of the philosopher
1638:inhabitants of Caesarea and
1611:
1485:Coin minted by Herod Agrippa
1456:Babylonian Talmud Sotah 41a.
1438:), the portion of the king (
997:Representation in the Temple
392:
7:
6958:1st-century Herodian rulers
6340:Mary, mother of (John) Mark
5114:Rome, la Judée et les Juifs
4896:i. 28. § 1, ii. 9. 11.
4590:Oxford Classical Dictionary
3953:, 22 (1992), p. 25â31.
3454:Who is call Barabbas ?
2496:
1356:He continued the policy of
1082:â through Judea, as far as
1057:. Caligula enjoins the new
904:to dismiss the high priest
778:, stake in the war between
747:, located northeast of the
588:, and appointed him as the
576:Cypros got along well with
341:After the assassination of
10:
6994:
5913:People named Judas or Jude
5527:AD 41 – 44
5491:AD 40 – 41
5452:AD 37 – 41
4577:livre XVIII, § V, 4, (132)
3456:, NTS 27, p. 260â262.
3401:JĂ©sus et Jean-Baptiste, RB
2964:Rogerson, John W. (1999).
2570:Jesus the King of the Jews
1688:
1569:; Stained glass window in
1561:depicted with her brother
924:First comer to his kingdom
479:as well as the daughters,
407:Herod Agrippa was born in
397:
18:
6842:
6664:Alexander the Coppersmith
6644:
6571:
6493:
6482:
6162:
6116:Disciple whom Jesus loved
6056:
5964:Female disciples of Jesus
5931:
5885:
5615:
5606:
5575:
5520:
5500:
5484:
5470:
5454:
5445:
5431:
5426:
5399:
2741:, summarized by the monk
2572:â in the accounts of the
2395:
2393:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2219:
2182:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2127:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2081:
2079:
2062:
2037:
2035:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2009:
2007:
1999:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1959:
1948:
1926:
1924:
1883:
1738:, 1815, (author unknown).
402:
201:
191:
179:
170:
165:
161:
137:
122:
104:
91:
87:
72:
57:
49:
42:
33:
28:
6039:Women at the crucifixion
5161:Kokkinos, Nikos (1989).
4944:XX. VII. § 2 (144).
3919:, XVIII, 301, quoted by
3185:, livre II, IX, 5 (178).
1711:on the western shore of
1132:Bronze bust of Claudius.
636:Bronze bust of Tiberius.
610:Lucius Pomponius Flaccus
525:, as well as by Empress
453:Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
6278:James, brother of Jesus
6198:Ananias son of Nedebeus
5832:Simon, brother of Jesus
5378:The Jewish Encyclopedia
5140:. Paris: Perrin/Tempus.
4992:Antiquities of the Jews
4789:Antiquities of the Jews
4573:Antiquities of the Jews
4414:Antiquities of the Jews
3916:Antiquities of the Jews
2680:written 20 years later.
1749:Marcus Julius Alexander
1507:Cotys of Lesser Armenia
1405:attendant took a Torah
1384:Antigonus II Mattathias
679:Antiquities of the Jews
372:Roman province of Syria
251:. He was a grandson of
247:), was the last Jewish
6968:Judea (Roman province)
6083:James, son of Alphaeus
5782:Mary, sister of Martha
5375:; et al. (eds.).
5367:M. Brann (1901â1906).
5290:(in French). Atelier.
5261:BlanchetiÚre, François
4923:Ecclesiastical History
4559:, Livre II, § 11.
3899:De Specialibus Legibus
2447:Agrippa in other media
1777:Marcus Antonius Polemo
1753:Alexander the Alabarch
1739:
1625:
1578:
1571:Saint Paul's Cathedral
1503:Antiochos of Commagene
1486:
1377:Mariamne the Hasmonean
1341:
1267:
1199:âbut also the city of
1179:
1161:. He then went to the
1133:
1108:
1099:Agrippa's Intervention
1014:
992:The statue of Caligula
933:
846:, the governorship of
791:
705:Antiochos of Commagene
637:
608:, of which his friend
509:
421:Mariamne the Hasmonean
6943:Roman client monarchs
6834:Tryphena and Tryphosa
6095:James, son of Zebedee
5777:Mary, mother of James
5767:Mary, mother of Jesus
5343:Boismard, Marie-Ămile
5109:Hadas-Lebel, Mireille
5034:Mimouni, Simon Claude
4941:Antiquitates Judaicae
4875:Antiquitates Judaicae
4529:, Brill, p. 200.
4525:Talbert, Charles H.,
4432:Antiquitates Judaicae
3444:Horace Abraham Rigg,
2766:The precise dates of
2711:François BlanchetiÚre
2699:François BlanchetiÚre
1794:The second daughter,
1730:
1619:
1557:
1530:which appears in the
1484:
1432:Deuteronomy 11:13â21,
1360:external to Judea of
1339:
1322:François BlanchetiÚre
1271:Judaism in the Empire
1265:
1177:
1131:
1106:
1004:
931:
773:
667:Tiberius, retired to
635:
501:
218:Marcus Julius Agrippa
171:Marcus Julius Agrippa
6659:Alexander of Ephesus
5857:Syrophoenician woman
5806:Nicodemus ben Gurion
5569:New Testament people
5284:LĂ©monon, Jean-Pierre
5244:. GDP. p. 443.
5214:. GDP. p. 411.
5069:. Paris: Pygmalion.
5020:Acts of the Apostles
4918:Eusebius of Caesarea
4893:The Wars of the Jews
3466:Eisenman 2012 vol. I
3310:Eisenman 2012 vol. I
3248:Daniel R. Schwartz,
2772:Simon Claude Mimouni
2625:Acts of the Apostles
2524:Notes and references
2458:Giuseppe Maria Buini
1827:procurator of Judaea
1647:Acts of the Apostles
1565:during the trial of
1528:Acts of the Apostles
1440:Deuteronomy 17:14â20
1436:Deuteronomy 14:22â29
1395:Deuteronomy 31:10â13
1237:Alexander Lysimachus
953:Alexander Lysimachus
880:Dositheos of Samaria
844:Simon Claude Mimouni
686:, but in book II of
657:Alexander Lysimachus
6734:Euodia and Syntyche
5903:People named Joseph
5797:Son of Nain's widow
5727:Joseph of Arimathea
5628:Anna the Prophetess
5188:Schwartz, Daniel R.
4700:, pp. 410â411.
4417:, livre XIX, (330).
4120:, pp. 231â232.
3711:, pp. 227â228.
3363:, pp. 267â268.
2784:Jean-Pierre LĂ©monon
1819:Gaius Julius Azizus
1659:Luke the Evangelist
1221:Jupiter Capitolinus
1215:was declared there
1073:, violating Judaic
1071:Temple of Jerusalem
1020:Temple of Jerusalem
517:, sister-in-law of
6333:cousin of Barnabas
5893:People named James
5847:Simon the Pharisee
5511:Title last held by
5475:Title last held by
5459:Title next held by
5436:Title last held by
5330:Smallwood, E. Mary
5005:, livres LIX et LX
4512:Louis H. Feldman,
4254:Ebner, 1982, p.156
4027:Flavius Josephus,
3668:Katherine Blouin,
3630:Histoire des Juifs
2678:Jewish Antiquities
2615:or the one called
1765:Tiberius Alexander
1740:
1626:
1579:
1487:
1342:
1268:
1258:Reign of Agrippa I
1180:
1134:
1109:
1053:, particularly in
1015:
961:Tiberius Alexander
934:
872:Jesus the Nazorean
792:
638:
594:(organizer of the
510:
255:and the father of
6895:
6894:
6640:
6639:
6052:
6051:
6029:Seventy disciples
5918:People named Mary
5898:People named John
5699:Impenitent thief
5536:
5535:
5307:Grabbe, Lester L.
5297:978-2-7082-3918-0
5145:Nikkos Kokkinos,
5138:Rome et JĂ©rusalem
5099:978-2-7535-2229-9
4486:BlanchetiĂšre 2001
4474:BlanchetiĂšre 2001
4435:xvii. 2. § 2
4186:BlanchetiĂšre 2001
3820:, pp. 84â86.
3742:BlanchetiĂšre 2001
3687:, pp. 81â82.
3159:André Pelletier,
2798:, p. 43 and
2576:contained in the
2529:Explanatory notes
2444:
2443:
2214:Aristobulus Minor
1880:HASMONEAN DYNASTY
1779:, client king of
1452:Mishnah Sotah 7:8
1444:Deuteronomy 27â28
1428:Deuteronomy 6:4â9
1416:Deuteronomy 17:15
1231:, the son of the
1063:Publius Petronius
963:. whose daughter
955:, the brother of
820:Movses Khorenatsi
766:Troubles in Judea
715:arrived in Rome.
697:Tiberius Gemellus
614:Aristobulus Minor
604:and then went to
547:province of Judea
477:Aristobulus Minor
469:Hasmonean dynasty
423:. His mother was
409:Caesarea Maritima
288:Tiberius Gemellus
231:), also known as
211:
210:
175:
174:
117:Caesarea Maritima
19:For his son, see
6985:
6978:1st-century Jews
6918:Herodian dynasty
6887:Whore of Babylon
6491:
6490:
6298:Judas of Galilee
6288:Joseph Barsabbas
6263:Ethiopian eunuch
6193:
6185:
6149:Simon the Zealot
5944:Jesus's brothers
5717:John the Baptist
5707:Jairus' daughter
5702:
5684:
5651:
5613:
5612:
5562:
5555:
5548:
5539:
5538:
5464:Herod Agrippa II
5448:King of Batanaea
5422:
5415:
5397:
5396:
5382:
5364:
5363:
5350:
5337:
5324:
5301:
5278:
5255:
5231:Eisenman, Robert
5225:
5201:Eisenman, Robert
5195:
5182:
5141:
5128:
5103:
5080:
5057:
5003:Histoire romaine
4987:Flavius Josephus
4972:Flavius Josephus
4954:
4951:
4945:
4933:
4927:
4915:
4909:
4903:
4897:
4885:
4879:
4867:
4861:
4858:Hadas-Lebel 2009
4855:
4849:
4843:
4837:
4834:
4828:
4818:
4812:
4800:
4794:
4782:
4776:
4764:
4758:
4751:
4742:
4736:
4730:
4724:
4718:
4712:
4701:
4695:
4689:
4683:
4677:
4671:
4665:
4659:
4653:
4647:
4641:
4635:
4626:
4620:
4614:
4608:
4593:
4586:
4580:
4566:
4560:
4548:
4542:
4536:
4530:
4523:
4517:
4510:
4504:
4498:
4489:
4483:
4477:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4448:
4442:
4436:
4424:
4418:
4406:
4400:
4394:
4385:
4379:
4366:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4341:
4335:
4330:
4324:
4318:
4312:
4309:Hadas-Lebel 2009
4306:
4287:
4284:Hadas-Lebel 2009
4281:
4270:
4264:
4255:
4252:
4246:
4240:
4234:
4228:
4222:
4219:Hadas-Lebel 2009
4216:
4203:
4195:
4189:
4183:
4174:
4168:
4159:
4156:Hadas-Lebel 2009
4153:
4142:
4136:
4121:
4115:
4109:
4103:
4076:
4070:
4057:
4051:
4032:
4025:
4019:
4013:
4000:
3994:
3981:
3978:Hadas-Lebel 2009
3975:
3954:
3943:
3937:
3930:
3924:
3921:Hadas-Lebel 2009
3908:
3902:
3892:
3886:
3880:
3874:
3868:
3857:
3851:
3845:
3839:
3833:
3827:
3821:
3815:
3809:
3806:Hadas-Lebel 2009
3803:
3788:
3781:
3772:
3766:
3760:
3754:
3745:
3739:
3733:
3727:
3712:
3706:
3700:
3697:Hadas-Lebel 2009
3694:
3688:
3685:Hadas-Lebel 2009
3682:
3673:
3666:
3660:
3654:
3645:
3642:Hadas-Lebel 2009
3639:
3633:
3623:
3617:
3611:
3602:
3595:
3589:
3583:
3577:
3571:
3565:
3559:
3553:
3550:Hadas-Lebel 2009
3547:
3538:
3532:
3526:
3520:
3511:
3505:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3469:
3463:
3457:
3442:
3436:
3426:
3420:
3414:
3408:
3394:
3388:
3382:
3376:
3370:
3364:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3307:
3301:
3296:Ilaria Ramelli,
3294:
3288:
3282:
3265:
3259:
3253:
3246:
3240:
3234:
3228:
3222:
3205:
3195:
3186:
3173:
3164:
3157:
3151:
3145:
3139:
3133:
3120:
3114:
3101:
3095:
3074:
3068:
3062:
3059:Hadas-Lebel 2009
3056:
3047:
3041:
3026:
3020:
3001:
2995:
2986:
2985:
2961:
2955:
2949:
2940:
2934:
2928:
2922:
2913:
2907:
2896:
2890:
2877:
2871:
2860:
2854:
2843:
2837:
2807:
2782:, p. 410).
2764:
2758:
2737:
2724:
2718:
2687:
2681:
2674:
2668:
2645:Lucius Vitellius
2633:Simeon of Clopas
2613:Joseph Barsabbas
2609:brother of Jesus
2558:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2508:Herodian kingdom
2503:Herodian dynasty
2474:Claudius the God
2329:Herod Agrippa II
1956:HERODIAN DYNASTY
1852:
1851:
1769:Herod of Chalcis
1715:, as well as in
1603:Herod of Chalcis
1567:the apostle Paul
1170:Enlarged Kingdom
1154:Praetorian Guard
938:Lucius Vitellius
884:John the Baptist
868:Dead Sea Scrolls
837:John the Baptist
800:Lucius Vitellius
788:Lake of Tiberias
760:Lucius Vitellius
749:lake of Tiberias
567:Herod Agrippa II
508:
505:
502:Bust of Drusus,
261:Herodian dynasty
257:Herod Agrippa II
246:
230:
226:
223:
186:Herodian Dynasty
163:
162:
113:
110:
100:
97:
38:
26:
25:
21:Herod Agrippa II
6993:
6992:
6988:
6987:
6986:
6984:
6983:
6982:
6898:
6897:
6896:
6891:
6838:
6636:
6567:
6516:Herod the Great
6484:
6478:
6293:Judas Barsabbas
6191:
6183:
6158:
6129:Judas Thaddaeus
6048:
5927:
5881:
5842:Simon the Leper
5837:Simon of Cyrene
5817:Samaritan woman
5700:
5682:
5681:Penitent thief
5649:
5602:
5588:In Christianity
5571:
5566:
5526:
5516:Herod the Great
5512:
5509:
5490:
5487:King of Galilee
5476:
5460:
5451:
5441:Herod Philip II
5437:
5416:
5410:
5409:
5402:
5373:Singer, Isidore
5361:
5357:
5321:
5298:
5275:
5252:
5222:
5194:. Mohr Siebeck.
5179:
5166:in Jack Finegan
5134:Goodman, Martin
5125:
5100:
5077:
5067:HĂ©rode le Grand
5054:
5046:. p. 968.
5029:
4968:
4966:Ancient springs
4963:
4961:General sources
4958:
4957:
4952:
4948:
4934:
4930:
4916:
4912:
4904:
4900:
4886:
4882:
4868:
4864:
4856:
4852:
4844:
4840:
4835:
4831:
4819:
4815:
4801:
4797:
4783:
4779:
4765:
4761:
4752:
4745:
4737:
4733:
4725:
4721:
4715:Schwentzel 2011
4713:
4704:
4696:
4692:
4684:
4680:
4672:
4668:
4662:Schwentzel 2013
4660:
4656:
4648:
4644:
4636:
4629:
4623:Schwentzel 2011
4621:
4617:
4611:Schwentzel 2011
4609:
4596:
4587:
4583:
4567:
4563:
4549:
4545:
4537:
4533:
4524:
4520:
4511:
4507:
4499:
4492:
4484:
4480:
4472:
4468:
4460:
4451:
4443:
4439:
4425:
4421:
4407:
4403:
4397:Schwentzel 2011
4395:
4388:
4380:
4369:
4361:
4357:
4350:
4344:Perseus Project
4342:
4338:
4331:
4327:
4319:
4315:
4307:
4290:
4282:
4273:
4265:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4243:Schwentzel 2011
4241:
4237:
4231:Schwentzel 2011
4229:
4225:
4217:
4206:
4196:
4192:
4184:
4177:
4171:Schwentzel 2011
4169:
4162:
4154:
4145:
4139:Schwentzel 2011
4137:
4124:
4118:Schwentzel 2011
4116:
4112:
4104:
4079:
4073:Schwentzel 2011
4071:
4060:
4052:
4035:
4026:
4022:
4014:
4003:
3997:Schwentzel 2011
3995:
3984:
3976:
3957:
3951:Ancient History
3944:
3940:
3931:
3927:
3909:
3905:
3893:
3889:
3881:
3877:
3869:
3860:
3852:
3848:
3840:
3836:
3830:Schwentzel 2011
3828:
3824:
3816:
3812:
3804:
3791:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3763:
3757:Schwentzel 2011
3755:
3748:
3740:
3736:
3728:
3715:
3709:Schwentzel 2011
3707:
3703:
3695:
3691:
3683:
3676:
3667:
3663:
3655:
3648:
3640:
3636:
3626:Heinrich Graetz
3624:
3620:
3612:
3605:
3596:
3592:
3584:
3580:
3572:
3568:
3560:
3556:
3548:
3541:
3533:
3529:
3521:
3514:
3508:Schwentzel 2013
3506:
3499:
3491:
3487:
3479:
3472:
3464:
3460:
3443:
3439:
3427:
3423:
3415:
3411:
3395:
3391:
3383:
3379:
3373:Schwentzel 2011
3371:
3367:
3359:
3355:
3347:
3340:
3332:
3328:
3320:
3316:
3308:
3304:
3295:
3291:
3285:Schwentzel 2011
3283:
3268:
3260:
3256:
3247:
3243:
3235:
3231:
3225:Schwentzel 2011
3223:
3208:
3196:
3189:
3174:
3167:
3158:
3154:
3146:
3142:
3134:
3123:
3115:
3104:
3096:
3077:
3069:
3065:
3057:
3050:
3042:
3029:
3023:Schwentzel 2011
3021:
3004:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2962:
2958:
2950:
2943:
2935:
2931:
2923:
2916:
2908:
2899:
2893:Schwentzel 2011
2891:
2880:
2872:
2863:
2855:
2846:
2838:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2806:, p. 168).
2804:Schwentzel 2011
2802:chooses 55-56 (
2765:
2761:
2757:, book LIX, 24.
2743:John Xiphilinus
2735:
2725:
2721:
2688:
2684:
2675:
2671:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2499:
2449:
2207:Herod Agrippa I
2179:Herod Archelaus
2059:
1966:
1954:
1952:Herod the Great
1878:
1850:
1707:territories in
1691:
1651:James the Great
1614:
1552:
1479:
1422:up through the
1420:Deuteronomy 1:1
1362:Herod the Great
1334:
1273:
1260:
1235:of Alexandria,
1185:Herod Archelaus
1172:
1142:Cassius Chaerea
1126:
1101:
999:
994:
926:
768:
630:
555:
553:Return to Judea
506:
496:
417:Herod the Great
405:
400:
395:
253:Herod the Great
228:
224:
154:
150:
146:
115:
114:(aged about 54)
111:
98:
29:Herod Agrippa I
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6991:
6981:
6980:
6975:
6973:Deaths onstage
6970:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6928:Jewish royalty
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6848:
6846:
6840:
6839:
6837:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6736:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6650:
6648:
6642:
6641:
6638:
6637:
6635:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6602:
6597:
6590:
6583:
6575:
6573:
6569:
6568:
6566:
6565:
6560:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6531:
6526:
6519:
6512:
6505:
6497:
6495:
6488:
6486:Herod's family
6480:
6479:
6477:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6336:
6335:
6330:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6187:
6179:
6174:
6168:
6166:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6124:Judas Iscariot
6121:
6120:
6119:
6112:
6107:
6097:
6092:
6091:
6090:
6080:
6079:
6078:
6068:
6062:
6060:
6054:
6053:
6050:
6049:
6047:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5935:
5933:
5929:
5928:
5926:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5900:
5895:
5889:
5887:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5799:
5794:
5792:Naked fugitive
5789:
5787:Mary of Clopas
5784:
5779:
5774:
5772:Mary Magdalene
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5619:
5617:
5610:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5584:
5582:
5573:
5572:
5565:
5564:
5557:
5550:
5542:
5534:
5533:
5531:Title extinct
5528:
5523:King of Judaea
5519:
5510:
5504:
5498:
5497:
5495:Title extinct
5492:
5483:
5474:
5468:
5467:
5458:
5453:
5444:
5435:
5429:
5428:
5427:Regnal titles
5424:
5423:
5406:House of Herod
5403:
5401:Herod Agrippa
5400:
5395:
5394:
5389:
5383:
5356:
5355:External links
5353:
5352:
5351:
5339:
5326:
5319:
5303:
5296:
5280:
5273:
5257:
5250:
5227:
5220:
5197:
5184:
5177:
5158:
5143:
5130:
5124:978-2708408425
5123:
5105:
5098:
5082:
5075:
5059:
5053:978-2130563969
5052:
5028:
5025:
5024:
5023:
5017:
5006:
4996:
4984:
4977:The Jewish War
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4946:
4928:
4910:
4898:
4880:
4862:
4850:
4848:, p. 134.
4838:
4829:
4813:
4795:
4777:
4772:The Jewish War
4759:
4743:
4741:, p. 122.
4731:
4729:, p. 264.
4719:
4717:, p. 256.
4702:
4690:
4688:, p. 354.
4686:Smallwood 1976
4678:
4676:, p. 411.
4666:
4664:, p. 168.
4654:
4652:, p. 410.
4642:
4627:
4625:, p. 258.
4615:
4613:, p. 255.
4594:
4581:
4561:
4556:The Jewish War
4543:
4541:, p. 147.
4531:
4518:
4505:
4490:
4488:, p. 251.
4478:
4476:, p. 103.
4466:
4464:, p. 411.
4449:
4447:, p. 105.
4437:
4419:
4401:
4399:, p. 242.
4386:
4384:, p. 410.
4367:
4365:, p. 175.
4355:
4336:
4325:
4313:
4288:
4271:
4269:, p. 116.
4256:
4247:
4245:, p. 236.
4235:
4233:, p. 239.
4223:
4204:
4190:
4188:, p. 248.
4175:
4173:, p. 233.
4160:
4143:
4141:, p. 232.
4122:
4110:
4108:, p. 409.
4077:
4075:, p. 231.
4058:
4056:, p. 115.
4033:
4020:
4018:, p. 114.
4001:
3999:, p. 230.
3982:
3955:
3938:
3925:
3903:
3887:
3885:, p. 191.
3875:
3873:, p. 113.
3858:
3846:
3844:, p. 112.
3834:
3832:, p. 229.
3822:
3810:
3789:
3773:
3761:
3759:, p. 228.
3746:
3744:, p. 147.
3734:
3732:, p. 111.
3713:
3701:
3689:
3674:
3661:
3659:, p. 190.
3646:
3634:
3618:
3616:, p. 145.
3603:
3590:
3588:, p. 225.
3578:
3576:, p. 224.
3566:
3564:, p. 407.
3554:
3539:
3537:, p. 219.
3527:
3525:, p. 424.
3512:
3497:
3495:, p. 218.
3485:
3483:, p. 215.
3470:
3458:
3437:
3421:
3419:, p. 436.
3409:
3389:
3387:, p. 135.
3377:
3375:, p. 223.
3365:
3353:
3351:, p. 146.
3338:
3336:, p. 133.
3326:
3324:, p. 186.
3322:Smallwood 1976
3314:
3302:
3289:
3287:, p. 217.
3266:
3264:, p. 134.
3254:
3241:
3239:, p. 190.
3237:Smallwood 1976
3229:
3227:, p. 227.
3206:
3198:Gilbert Picard
3187:
3182:The Jewish War
3165:
3152:
3150:, p. 137.
3140:
3138:, p. 108.
3121:
3102:
3100:, p. 189.
3098:Smallwood 1976
3075:
3063:
3048:
3046:, p. 188.
3044:Smallwood 1976
3027:
3025:, p. 226.
3002:
3000:, p. 107.
2987:
2980:
2956:
2941:
2929:
2914:
2912:, p. 187.
2910:Smallwood 1976
2897:
2895:, p. 225.
2878:
2876:, p. 395.
2861:
2859:, p. 225.
2844:
2842:, p. 106.
2818:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2759:
2719:
2682:
2669:
2655:word, that of
2641:Pontius Pilate
2637:James the Just
2629:Judas Barsabas
2566:JĂ©sus Barabbas
2553:
2543:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2485:James Faulkner
2465:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2345:
2340:
2338:
2333:
2331:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2204:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2190:
2188:
2183:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2061:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1960:
1958:
1949:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1882:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1849:
1846:
1842:Mount Vesuvius
1830:Antonius Felix
1690:
1687:
1613:
1610:
1591:Roman province
1551:
1548:
1515:king of Pontus
1478:
1475:
1333:
1330:
1272:
1269:
1259:
1256:
1171:
1168:
1125:
1122:
1100:
1097:
1067:Holy of Holies
998:
995:
993:
990:
925:
922:
898:Pontius Pilate
848:Pontius Pilate
767:
764:
713:Pontius Pilate
701:Caius Caligula
689:The Jewish War
629:
626:
580:, the wife of
554:
551:
495:
494:Imperial court
492:
439:, daughter of
431:, daughter of
427:, daughter of
413:Aristobulus IV
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
196:Aristobulus IV
193:
189:
188:
183:
177:
176:
173:
172:
168:
167:
159:
158:
141:
135:
134:
124:
120:
119:
106:
102:
101:
93:
89:
88:
85:
84:
74:
70:
69:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
46:
44:King of Judaea
40:
39:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6990:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6963:Judean people
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6908:Herod Agrippa
6906:
6905:
6903:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6867:Two witnesses
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6857:Four Horsemen
6855:
6853:
6850:
6849:
6847:
6845:
6841:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6651:
6649:
6647:
6643:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6607:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6595:
6591:
6589:
6588:
6584:
6582:
6581:
6577:
6576:
6574:
6570:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6558:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6546:Pilate's wife
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6536:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6524:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6513:
6511:
6510:
6506:
6504:
6503:
6499:
6498:
6496:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6481:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6410:Seven Deacons
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6325:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6188:
6186:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6165:
6161:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6117:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6102:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6084:
6081:
6077:
6074:
6073:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6059:
6055:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5930:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5908:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5884:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5807:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5605:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5563:
5558:
5556:
5551:
5549:
5544:
5543:
5540:
5532:
5529:
5525:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5508:
5503:
5499:
5496:
5493:
5489:
5488:
5482:
5481:
5480:Herod Antipas
5473:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5457:
5450:
5449:
5443:
5442:
5434:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5413:
5408:
5407:
5398:
5393:
5390:
5387:
5384:
5380:
5379:
5374:
5370:
5359:
5358:
5348:
5344:
5340:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5322:
5320:0-8006-2621-4
5316:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5299:
5293:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5276:
5274:9782204062152
5270:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5253:
5251:9780985599164
5247:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5232:
5228:
5223:
5221:9780985599133
5217:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5202:
5198:
5193:
5189:
5185:
5180:
5178:9780931464508
5174:
5170:
5169:
5165:
5159:
5156:
5152:
5148:
5144:
5139:
5135:
5131:
5126:
5120:
5116:
5115:
5110:
5106:
5101:
5095:
5091:
5087:
5083:
5078:
5076:9782756404721
5072:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5055:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5040:
5035:
5031:
5030:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5010:
5007:
5004:
5000:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4970:
4969:
4950:
4943:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4925:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4907:
4902:
4895:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4860:, p. 96.
4859:
4854:
4847:
4846:Schwartz 1990
4842:
4833:
4826:
4822:
4817:
4810:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4793:
4790:
4786:
4781:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4756:
4750:
4748:
4740:
4735:
4728:
4723:
4716:
4711:
4709:
4707:
4699:
4694:
4687:
4682:
4675:
4670:
4663:
4658:
4651:
4646:
4640:, p. 37.
4639:
4634:
4632:
4624:
4619:
4612:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4599:
4591:
4585:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4565:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4540:
4539:Schwartz 1990
4535:
4528:
4522:
4515:
4509:
4503:, p. 24.
4502:
4497:
4495:
4487:
4482:
4475:
4470:
4463:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4446:
4441:
4434:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4398:
4393:
4391:
4383:
4378:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4364:
4363:Schwartz 1990
4359:
4348:
4345:
4340:
4334:
4329:
4322:
4317:
4311:, p. 89.
4310:
4305:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4293:
4286:, p. 90.
4285:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4268:
4263:
4261:
4251:
4244:
4239:
4232:
4227:
4221:, p. 87.
4220:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4209:
4201:
4200:
4194:
4187:
4182:
4180:
4172:
4167:
4165:
4158:, p. 88.
4157:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4140:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4119:
4114:
4107:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4074:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4055:
4050:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4038:
4030:
4024:
4017:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4006:
3998:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3987:
3980:, p. 85.
3979:
3974:
3972:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3952:
3948:
3942:
3935:
3929:
3923:, p. 84.
3922:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3900:
3896:
3891:
3884:
3879:
3872:
3867:
3865:
3863:
3856:, p. 87.
3855:
3854:Schwartz 1990
3850:
3843:
3838:
3831:
3826:
3819:
3818:Schwartz 1990
3814:
3808:, p. 84.
3807:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3786:
3780:
3778:
3771:, p. 84.
3770:
3769:Schwartz 1990
3765:
3758:
3753:
3751:
3743:
3738:
3731:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3710:
3705:
3699:, p. 82.
3698:
3693:
3686:
3681:
3679:
3671:
3665:
3658:
3653:
3651:
3644:, p. 81.
3643:
3638:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3615:
3614:Kokkinos 1989
3610:
3608:
3600:
3594:
3587:
3582:
3575:
3570:
3563:
3558:
3552:, p. 74.
3551:
3546:
3544:
3536:
3531:
3524:
3519:
3517:
3510:, p. 97.
3509:
3504:
3502:
3494:
3489:
3482:
3477:
3475:
3468:, p. 64.
3467:
3462:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3434:
3430:
3425:
3418:
3413:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3397:Ătienne Nodet
3393:
3386:
3385:Kokkinos 1989
3381:
3374:
3369:
3362:
3361:Kokkinos 1989
3357:
3350:
3349:Kokkinos 1989
3345:
3343:
3335:
3334:Kokkinos 1989
3330:
3323:
3318:
3311:
3306:
3299:
3293:
3286:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3263:
3262:Kokkinos 1989
3258:
3251:
3245:
3238:
3233:
3226:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3203:
3199:
3194:
3192:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3172:
3170:
3162:
3156:
3149:
3144:
3137:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3118:
3117:Schwartz 1990
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3099:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3080:
3073:, p. 47.
3072:
3071:Schwartz 1990
3067:
3061:, p. 79.
3060:
3055:
3053:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3032:
3024:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
2999:
2994:
2992:
2983:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2960:
2954:, p. 45.
2953:
2952:Schwartz 1990
2948:
2946:
2939:, p. 40.
2938:
2937:Schwartz 1990
2933:
2927:, p. 39.
2926:
2925:Schwartz 1990
2921:
2919:
2911:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2894:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2875:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2858:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2841:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2819:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2786:places it in
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2756:
2755:Roman History
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2739:Roman History
2733:
2729:
2726:According to
2723:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2695:Justin Taylor
2692:
2691:Ătienne Nodet
2689:According to
2686:
2679:
2673:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2643:was fired by
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2547:
2538:
2534:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2469:Robert Graves
2466:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2441:
2438:
2402:
2400:
2358:
2356:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2310:
2307:
2299:
2297:
2289:
2287:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2269:
2261:
2259:
2243:
2241:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2187:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2165:
2163:
2155:
2153:
2145:
2143:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2109:
2107:
2091:
2089:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2058:
2032:
2029:
2017:
2015:
2014:
1997:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1957:
1953:
1946:
1933:
1931:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1881:
1877:
1853:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1713:Lake Tiberias
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1679:Cuspius Fadus
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1623:
1618:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1595:Cuspius Fadus
1592:
1588:
1583:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1547:
1545:
1544:Jewish revolt
1539:
1537:
1533:
1532:New Testament
1529:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1499:Sampsigeramos
1497:
1491:
1483:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1411:High Priest's
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1391:Second Temple
1387:
1385:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1346:
1338:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1264:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1176:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1159:raison d'ĂȘtre
1155:
1151:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1130:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1105:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1032:imperial cult
1029:
1025:
1021:
1012:
1008:
1003:
989:
987:
983:
979:
973:
969:
966:
962:
958:
954:
951:
946:
943:
939:
930:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
896:
892:
887:
885:
881:
877:
876:Haran-Gawaita
873:
869:
865:
861:
860:Mount Gerizim
857:
852:
849:
845:
842:According to
840:
838:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
812:Herod Antipas
809:
805:
804:Artabanus III
801:
797:
789:
785:
784:Herod Antipas
781:
777:
772:
763:
761:
757:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
716:
714:
708:
706:
702:
698:
693:
691:
690:
685:
681:
680:
674:
673:Antonia Minor
670:
665:
662:
659:, brother of
658:
655:
651:
647:
643:
634:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
598:
593:
592:
587:
583:
582:Herod Antipas
579:
574:
572:
568:
564:
560:
550:
548:
544:
540:
539:Herod Antipas
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:Antonia Minor
500:
491:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
437:Antonia Minor
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
390:
388:
384:
379:
377:
373:
368:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
339:
337:
336:Herod Antipas
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
278:, the son of
277:
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:king of Judea
242:
238:
234:
219:
215:
214:Herod Agrippa
207:
204:
200:
197:
194:
190:
187:
184:
182:
178:
169:
164:
160:
157:
153:
149:
145:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
125:
121:
118:
107:
103:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
77:Cuspius Fadus
75:
71:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
45:
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
6933:11 BC births
6882:Three Angels
6749:Jesus Justus
6719:Epaphroditus
6604:
6592:
6585:
6579:
6578:
6555:
6533:
6521:
6514:
6507:
6500:
6424:Simeon Niger
5984:Myrrhbearers
5530:
5521:
5513:
5505:governed by
5501:
5494:
5485:
5477:
5471:
5461:
5455:
5446:
5438:
5432:
5418:
5411:
5404:
5376:
5369:"Agrippa I."
5346:
5333:
5310:
5288:Ponce Pilate
5287:
5264:
5241:
5237:
5234:
5211:
5207:
5204:
5191:
5167:
5163:
5146:
5137:
5113:
5089:
5066:
5038:
5012:
5002:
4990:
4982:Livre II, XI
4975:
4949:
4939:
4931:
4921:
4913:
4901:
4891:
4883:
4873:
4865:
4853:
4841:
4832:
4824:
4816:
4806:
4798:
4788:
4780:
4770:
4762:
4754:
4739:Mimouni 2012
4734:
4727:LĂ©monon 2007
4722:
4698:Mimouni 2012
4693:
4681:
4674:Mimouni 2012
4669:
4657:
4650:Mimouni 2012
4645:
4638:LĂ©monon 2007
4618:
4589:
4584:
4564:
4554:
4546:
4534:
4526:
4521:
4513:
4508:
4481:
4469:
4462:Mimouni 2012
4445:Goodman 2009
4440:
4430:
4422:
4412:
4404:
4382:Mimouni 2012
4358:
4339:
4328:
4316:
4267:Goodman 2009
4250:
4238:
4226:
4198:
4193:
4113:
4106:Mimouni 2012
4054:Goodman 2009
4028:
4023:
4016:Goodman 2009
3950:
3946:
3941:
3933:
3928:
3914:
3906:
3898:
3890:
3883:LĂ©monon 2007
3878:
3871:Goodman 2009
3849:
3842:Goodman 2009
3837:
3825:
3813:
3784:
3764:
3737:
3730:Goodman 2009
3704:
3692:
3669:
3664:
3657:LĂ©monon 2007
3637:
3629:
3621:
3598:
3597:M. Lindner,
3593:
3586:LĂ©monon 2007
3581:
3574:LĂ©monon 2007
3569:
3562:Mimouni 2012
3557:
3535:LĂ©monon 2007
3530:
3493:LĂ©monon 2007
3488:
3481:LĂ©monon 2007
3461:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3432:
3429:Hyam Maccoby
3424:
3417:Mimouni 2012
3412:
3400:
3392:
3380:
3368:
3356:
3329:
3317:
3305:
3297:
3292:
3257:
3249:
3244:
3232:
3201:
3180:
3160:
3155:
3148:Mimouni 2012
3143:
3136:Goodman 2009
3119:, p. 6.
3066:
2998:Goodman 2009
2966:
2959:
2932:
2874:Mimouni 2012
2857:Mimouni 2012
2840:Goodman 2009
2796:LĂ©monon 2007
2780:Mimouni 2012
2762:
2754:
2738:
2722:
2714:
2706:
2685:
2672:
2656:
2604:
2600:
2595:
2592:Jesus Christ
2581:
2556:
2546:
2537:
2478:
2472:
2453:
2437:Berenice III
2206:
2186:Mariamne III
1812:
1793:
1741:
1700:
1695:
1692:
1683:
1644:
1627:
1624:of the Bible
1621:
1607:
1584:
1580:
1540:
1524:
1492:
1488:
1471:
1460:
1430:), and then
1388:
1370:
1355:
1347:
1343:
1296:Mount Carmel
1289:
1281:
1274:
1241:
1225:
1216:
1209:
1205:Anti-Lebanon
1181:
1158:
1147:
1135:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1043:Thessaloniki
1036:
1016:
974:
970:
947:
935:
888:
875:
853:
841:
793:
753:
717:
709:
694:
687:
677:
666:
639:
628:Back to Rome
595:
589:
575:
556:
535:
511:
507: 21 CE
489:
457:
447:, sister of
406:
380:
363:
357:, Judea and
340:
268:Ancient Rome
265:
236:
232:
229: AD 44
225: 11 BC
217:
216:(Roman name
213:
212:
112: AD 44
99: 11 BC
6794:Onesiphorus
6429:Simon Magus
6323:(John) Mark
6213:Aristarchus
6144:Simon Peter
6071:Bartholomew
5969:God-fearers
5959:Evangelists
5650:(Bethsaida)
5616:Individuals
4999:Cassius Dio
4995:, livre XIX
4906:Cassius Dio
4321:Alfred Kuen
3945:Major, A.,
3523:Grabbe 1992
2728:Cassius Dio
2621:Codex Bezae
2619:who in the
2480:I, Claudius
2343:Mariamne VI
2336:Berenice II
2057:Aristobulus
1848:Family tree
1838:Herculaneum
1719:and around
1150:Cassius Dio
1092:Aristobulus
729:Trachonitis
441:Mark Antony
300:Trachonitis
58:Predecessor
6902:Categories
6844:Revelation
6709:Diotrephes
6669:Andronicus
6587:Agrippa II
6483:Romans and
6328:Evangelist
6184:(Damascus)
6105:Evangelist
6014:Samaritans
6004:Proselytes
5862:Theophilus
5701:("Gestas")
5683:("Dismas")
5661:Celidonius
5648:Blind man
5643:Bartimaeus
5593:Historical
5155:1850756902
5027:Historians
5014:Ad Flaccum
2981:0500050953
2768:Agrippa II
2456:(1724) by
2066:Berenice I
1964:Mariamne I
1821:, King of
1813:The last,
1804:Alexandria
1785:Cappadocia
1783:(south of
1757:Alexandria
1667:Agrippa II
1599:procurator
1587:Agrippa II
1563:Agrippa II
1550:Succession
1473:Agrippa's
1358:euergetism
1294:(south of
1140:commander
1138:praetorian
1061:of Syria,
1039:Alexandria
942:Nabataeans
856:Samaritans
737:Gaulanitis
646:Alexandria
591:agoranomos
465:Costobarus
367:euergetism
304:Gaulanitis
227: â c.
144:Agrippa II
81:Procurator
6938:44 deaths
6824:Sosipater
6744:Hymenaeus
6679:Aretas IV
6674:Archippus
6600:Cornelius
6551:Quirinius
6509:Archelaus
6464:Trophimus
6439:Sosthenes
6385:Prochorus
6380:Priscilla
6243:Dionysius
6238:Demetrius
6228:Cornelius
6076:Nathanael
6034:Shepherds
6019:Sanhedrin
6009:Sadducees
5994:Pharisees
5974:Herodians
5954:Disciples
5877:Zechariah
5867:Zacchaeus
5802:Nicodemus
5689:Elizabeth
5478:Tetrarch
5439:Tetrarch
5386:Agrippa I
5242:, Vol. II
4821:Suetonius
3300:, § n° 9.
2814:Citations
2751:Antiochus
2588:alter ego
1887:Alexandra
1876:Alexander
1751:, son of
1701:epimelete
1612:Posterity
1575:Melbourne
1448:festivals
1403:synagogue
1381:Hasmonean
1309:proconsul
1300:synagogue
1084:Jerusalem
1075:aniconism
1069:" of the
1059:proconsul
914:Aretas IV
910:Pentecost
902:Jerusalem
808:Aretas IV
780:Aretas IV
741:Auranitis
461:Alexander
433:Antipater
419:had with
393:Biography
351:Archelaus
308:Auranitis
237:Agrippa I
83:of Judea)
73:Successor
68:of Judea)
6862:Apollyon
6809:Philetus
6804:Philemon
6789:Onesimus
6739:Herodion
6714:Epaphras
6699:Crescens
6654:Achaicus
6646:Epistles
6606:Drusilla
6594:Berenice
6563:Tiberius
6529:Longinus
6523:Herodias
6469:Tychicus
6419:Silvanus
6417: /
6400:Sapphira
6365:Parmenas
6360:Nicholas
6345:Matthias
6273:Gamaliel
6268:Eutychus
6258:Egyptian
6218:Barnabas
6192:(Judaea)
6190:Ananias
6182:Ananias
6058:Apostles
5999:Prophets
5989:Nameless
5886:Multiple
5752:Lysanias
5656:Caiaphas
5638:Barabbas
5623:Alphaeus
5336:. Brill.
5332:(1976).
5309:(1992).
5286:(2007).
5263:(2001).
5233:(2012).
5212:, Vol. I
5203:(2012).
5190:(1990).
5136:(2009).
5088:(2013).
5065:(2011).
5036:(2012).
4936:Josephus
4888:Josephus
4870:Josephus
4785:Josephus
4767:Josephus
4569:Josephus
4551:Josephus
4427:Josephus
4409:Josephus
4347:AJ19.8.2
3911:Josephus
3446:Barabbas
3177:Josephus
2747:Caligula
2734:. In the
2665:Caligula
2605:Barabbas
2601:Barsabas
2597:cognomen
2583:Karabbas
2497:See also
2471:' novel
2350:Drusilla
2200:Herodias
1967:d. 29 BC
1945:Malthace
1815:Drusilla
1808:Alabarch
1796:Mariamne
1747:married
1745:Berenice
1736:Berenice
1671:Gamaliel
1663:epistles
1631:Josephus
1559:Berenice
1465:and the
1351:Caesarea
1326:Augustus
1305:ethnarch
1285:diaspora
1233:alabarch
1212:consular
1088:Tiberias
1007:Caligula
1005:Bust of
965:Berenice
950:alabarch
918:Caligula
906:Caiaphas
756:Marullus
684:Domitian
654:alabarch
642:Anthedon
620:against
618:Damascus
586:Tiberias
578:Herodias
543:freedmen
523:Claudius
519:Tiberius
485:Mariamne
481:Herodias
449:Augustus
425:Berenice
387:12:20â23
347:Claudius
343:Caligula
324:Lysanias
292:Caligula
280:Tiberius
272:Claudius
233:Herod II
206:Berenice
156:Drusilla
152:Mariamne
148:Berenice
62:Marullus
53:AD 41â44
6852:Antipas
6829:Tertius
6819:Quartus
6784:Olympas
6779:Nymphas
6774:Michael
6724:Erastus
6694:Claudia
6684:Artemas
6632:Paullus
6580:Agrippa
6502:Antipas
6494:Gospels
6454:Timothy
6449:Theudas
6444:Stephen
6434:Sopater
6390:Publius
6355:Nicanor
6233:Damaris
6223:Blastus
6203:Apollos
6134:Matthew
6044:Zealots
6024:Scribes
5872:Zebedee
5852:Susanna
5804: (
5757:Malchus
5737:Lazarus
5694:Gabriel
5666:Cleopas
5608:Gospels
5507:Prefect
4926:ii. 10.
4811:vi. 156
4808:Satires
4803:Juvenal
4333:Acts 12
2703:zealots
2661:gospels
2649:Aramaic
2623:of the
2611:called
2578:Gospels
2574:Passion
2568:and/or
2490:Messiah
2193:Herod V
2060:d. 7 BC
1844:en 79.
1834:Pompeii
1781:Cilicia
1709:Galilee
1697:Agrippa
1689:Progeny
1675:Theudas
1640:Sebaste
1536:Teshuva
1511:Polemon
1467:Boethos
1373:Mishnah
1366:Berytus
1248:Chalcis
1197:Samaria
1163:Capitol
1055:Galilee
1049:and in
1047:Antioch
1028:Goodman
982:Galilee
891:prefect
828:Abgar V
733:Batanea
563:Phasael
445:Octavia
398:Origins
383:Acts 12
359:Samaria
328:Galilee
326:, then
316:Chalcis
296:Batanea
181:Dynasty
131:Phasael
66:Prefect
6814:Phoebe
6799:Pudens
6729:Eunice
6689:Carpus
6627:Lysias
6622:Gallio
6617:Festus
6557:Salome
6541:Pilate
6535:Philip
6375:Philip
6350:Mnason
6318:Manaen
6303:Lucius
6253:Elymas
6248:Dorcas
6208:Aquila
6177:Agabus
6172:Aeneas
6154:Thomas
6139:Philip
6110:Patmos
6066:Andrew
5949:Demons
5939:Angels
5932:Groups
5827:Simeon
5812:Salome
5762:Martha
5742:Legion
5722:Joseph
5712:Joanna
5671:Clopas
5580:Christ
5502:Vacant
5472:Vacant
5456:Vacant
5433:Vacant
5417:
5365:
5317:
5294:
5271:
5248:
5218:
5175:
5153:
5121:
5096:
5073:
5050:
4908:lx. 8.
4792:XX.5.2
4351:
2978:
2732:Romans
2653:Syriac
1773:incest
1622:Herods
1519:Marsus
1407:scroll
1399:Sukkot
1252:Iturea
1229:Marcus
1193:Idumea
1011:Louvre
986:Peraea
824:Edessa
745:Paneas
725:Iturea
721:diadem
571:Idumea
559:Cypros
531:Drusus
429:Salome
403:Family
376:Marsus
355:Idumea
320:Philip
312:Paneas
276:Drusus
245:ŚŚŚšŚŚ€ŚĄ
241:Hebrew
202:Mother
192:Father
127:Cypros
123:Spouse
6923:Julii
6877:Beast
6872:Woman
6759:Linus
6754:Junia
6704:Demas
6612:Felix
6474:Zenas
6459:Titus
6415:Silas
6405:Sceva
6395:Rhoda
6313:Lydia
6283:Jason
5907:Joses
5822:Satan
5676:Devil
5633:Annas
5577:Jesus
5514:King
5462:King
5421:AD 44
5419:Died:
5414:11 BC
5412:Born:
5371:. In
5009:Philo
4825:Titus
3895:Philo
2778:(see
2736:'
2697:then
2657:Maran
2617:Judas
2562:Jesus
2462:Milan
1823:Emesa
1789:Titus
1761:Philo
1732:Titus
1721:Abila
1717:Perea
1655:Peter
1636:pagan
1593:with
1573:, in
1496:Emesa
1424:shema
1318:Jesus
1313:Syria
1277:Torah
1244:Herod
1201:Abila
1189:Judea
1080:Sidon
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