Banking in Australia

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would then calculate the BBSW rate as the average of those quotes. Normally, the longer the term, the higher the offered rate. The system required some level of subjective judgement by the banks, because there was a rapidly changing market on multiple broker screens. AFMA changed the method of calculating the BBSW rate to be based on a multimarket electronic feed of live bids and offers. ASX would later add the use of market transactions in addition to these live bids and offers. Besides affecting the BBSW rate, many other financial rates are based on it. The

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nationally, but debit cards issued in other countries could not. Prior to 1986, the Australian banks organized a widespread uniform credit card, called Bankcard, which had been in existence since 1974. There was a dispute between the banks whether Bankcard (or credit cards in general) should be permitted into the proposed EFTPOS system. At that time several banks were actively promoting MasterCard and Visa credit cards. Store cards and proprietary cards, such as

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how much those transactions will be. At the end of each day banks must reconcile their positions. The bank that finds itself with a surplus of cash would miss out earning interest on the cash, even if it's for only one night. Other banks may find that they had more money going out than coming in, and the bank must borrow cash to cover the shortfall. To meet its liquidity obligations, the bank with the shortfall would borrow from a bank with a surplus in the

918:(IRS). Australia has signed an Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) with the United States which sets out rules to enable Australian financial institutions to report to the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) which in turn passes the information to the IRS. FATCA affects US citizens, US tax residents and certain types of organisations that are controlled by them. To comply with FATCA, Australian banks ask customers to declare their US tax status. 35: 2797: 223:

seventh place with 8.7%. The four major banks are among the world's largest banks by market capitalisation and all rank in the top 25 globally for safest banks. They are also some of the most profitable in the world. Australia's financial services sector is the largest contributor to the national economy, contributing around $ 140 billion to GDP a year. It is a major driver of economic growth and employs 450,000 people.

4000: 2780: 1483:. The arrival of hundreds of thousands of readily employable migrant workers under the post-war immigration scheme, coupled with intense competition amongst lenders, discouraged proper investigation into buyers. Concerns about the possibly inflationary impact of lending created the first finance companies in Australia. 1178: 1041:, another London-based bank, which had been formed in 1837. In 1970, it merged with the English, Scottish and Australian Bank Limited, another London-based bank, formed in 1852, in what was then the largest merger in Australian banking history, to form the Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited. 867:

During the course of every day, each bank executes a large number of transactions, such as payroll, retail and business purchases, credit card payments, etc. Some involve cash (or its equivalent) coming into the bank and others of cash going out. Banks do not have a reliable way of predicting what or

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to inquire into and report on misconduct in the banking, superannuation and financial services industry. The interim report from the Royal Commission prompted the industry to revamp its banking code. The code has been criticised as needing to be legally binding, strictly liable and breaches criminal.

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Deregulation of the financial sector commenced in the mid-1960s, with the removal of the distinction between and separation of trading and savings banks. Building societies were allowed to take deposits from the public. Banking in Australia is notable by the small number of large banks in the market.

718:, either to operate as a wholesale bank through an Australian branch or to conduct business through an Australian-incorporated subsidiary. Foreign banks engaging in retail banking require a full banking licence. Foreign banks which do not wish to obtain a banking authority in Australia may operate a 669:

Heritage & People's Choice (following the merger of People's Choice Credit Union and Heritage Bank) Newcastle Greater Mutual Group (following the merger of Newcastle Permanent and Greater Bank) Great Southern Bank (previous CUA, Credit Union Australia) Teachers Mutual Bank Bank Australia P&N

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In June 2017 the Treasurer, Hon Scott Morrison MP, initiated the Open Banking Review. Open Banking is to encourage more efficiency in the market, create new opportunities for market entrants, encourage competition and give customers greater control over their data. This was finalised in March 2018.

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In 1990, the government adopted the "four pillars policy" in relation to banking in Australia and announced that it would reject any mergers between the four big banks. The four pillars policy, however, has not prevented the four major banks from acquiring smaller competitors. In 2000, CBA acquired

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which issued treasury notes (1866–1869) and banknotes (1893–1910) which were legal tender in Queensland. Private bank notes were not legal tender except for a brief period in 1893 in New South Wales. There were, however, some restrictions on their issue or other provisions for the protection of the

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Until July 2017 a body called the Australian Financial Markets Association (AFMA) determined the BBSW rate. Since July 2017 the ASX calculates the rate. Until 2013, AFMA would every morning at 10am ask each of the "prime banks" what interest rates they will be offering or asking for that day. AFMA

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Australia has a sophisticated, competitive and profitable financial sector and a strong regulatory system. For the 10 years ended mid-2013, the Commonwealth Bank was ranked first in Bloomberg Riskless Return Ranking a risk-adjusted 18%. Westpac Bank was in fourth place with 11% and ANZ Bank was in

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framework. The framework is designed to encourage new entrants to the banking industry, particularly small firms with limited financial resources, to navigate the licensing process. Eligible entities can conduct a limited range of business activities for two years while they progress towards an

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to form Westpac. There were many other bank mergers and acquisitions throughout Australia's banking history. The boom and bust of the 1980s was a turbulent period for banks, with some establishing leading market positions, while others being absorbed by the larger banks. Beginning in the 1980s,

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was Australia's largest customer-owned bank, having changed its name from Heritage Building Society in December 2011. A number of credit unions and building societies changed their business names to include the word 'bank', to overcome adverse perceptions of smaller deposit-taking entities. For

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after the 2010s. Bain, Research Now and Bain along with GMI NPS surveys in 2012 found that 27% of Australians have had mobile banking transactions in the previous three months. These innovations have resulted in significant shifts in banking in Australia away from the use of bank branches, and

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technology was introduced in 1984. Initially, only the banks' existing debit and credit cards could be used, but in 1985, the ATM (Financial) Network was created to link EFTPOS systems to provide access for all customers. Cards issued by all banks could then be used at all EFTPOS terminals

663:(formerly Teachers Credit Union). The Police & Nurses' Credit Union began trading as P&N Bank in March 2013, and some credit unions are electing to use 'mutual banking' as a business tagline, rather than as a business name, as they do not meet the criteria to be called a 'bank'. 303:. This is long-standing policy rather than formal regulation, but it reflects the broad political unpopularity of further bank mergers. A number of commentators have argued that the "four pillars policy" is built upon economic fallacies and works against Australia's better interests. 824:

and the regulation of certain financial institutions (including investment banks and finance companies). However, ASIC does not actually investigate any issues or propose any regulations that concern consumer protection, this authority is delegated to the EDR schemes and the

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As a response to the Great Depression, banking in Australia became tightly regulated. Until the 1980s, it was virtually impossible for a foreign bank to establish branches in Australia; with the consequence that Australia had fewer banks compared to countries such as the

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There have been calls in recent times for an added level of regulation of banks following lending, foreign exchange, and financial planning controversies between 2009 and 2017, highlighted in 2016 Senate inquiries. Referring to white collar crime, ASIC's Chairman

829:(ACCC). The front face of the regulation of financial institutions and financial advisers are the various EDR schemes, the most popular of which is AFCA. ASIC is responsible for the approval of EDR schemes, all of which must comply with ASIC Regulatory Guide 139. 1174:. These were regulated by state laws and were subject to less stringent regulations, could provide and charge higher interest rates, but were restricted in the range of services they could offer. Above all, they were not allowed to call themselves "banks". 880:(RBA) every month (currently 0.10%); or else take out a "short duration loan", known as "prime bank paper", for a term of between one and six months and whose interest rate is called the "bank bill swap rate" (BBSW), which is set by the commercial banks. 804:

guidelines. All financial institutions regulated by APRA are required to report on a periodic basis to APRA. Certain financial intermediaries, such as investment banks (which do not otherwise operate as ADIs) are neither licensed nor regulated under the

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imposed a prohibitive tax of 10% per annum on 'all bank notes issued or re-issued by any bank in the Commonwealth ... and not redeemed'. These Acts put an end to the issue of notes by the trading banks and the Queensland Treasury. Also in 1910, the

796:(ADIs) (banks, building societies, credit unions, friendly societies and participants in certain credit card schemes and certain purchaser payment facilities), as well as life and general insurance companies and superannuation funds. APRA issues 1183: 3403: 1571: 849: 1182: 1179: 2085: 1412:

The Australian government's direct ownership of banks ceased with the full privatisation of the Commonwealth Bank between 1991 and 1996. There was also increased competition from non-bank lenders, such as providers of

914:(FATCA) which came into effect on 1 July 2014, which aims to prevent tax evasion by US tax residents who hold foreign accounts by requiring foreign financial institutions to report details and interest income to the 4064: 248:

to form Westpac. There were many other bank mergers and acquisitions throughout Australia's banking history. Beginning in the 1980s, several building societies sought to convert to banks, but were required to

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There arises from time to time a situation when there are insufficient funds in the interbank lending market to enable the banks to balance their books. Some banks, for example, may be experiencing a

756:), Delphi Bank (formerly the 'Bank of Cyprus Australia', and in 2012 acquired by Bendigo & Adelaide Bank), Bank of Sydney (with a full banking licence since 2001) have a small number of branches. 4210: 1107: 4175: 1048:. This was in an environment where little government control or regulation of banks had been established and led to the failure of 11 commercial banks, even the National Bank of Australasia. 737:

and banking policy, including prudential requirements. Any proposed foreign takeover or acquisition of an Australian bank will be considered on a case-by-case basis and judged on its merits.

659:

Three teachers' credit unions have become known as 'banks'; namely, RACQ Bank (formerly the Queensland Teachers' Credit Union), Bank First (formerly the Victoria Teachers' Credit Union), and

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branch (1864). After acquiring a number of other banks over the years, these two banks merged in 1982 to form the National Commercial Banking Corporation of Australia, which was renamed the

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was created on 14 January 1960 and assumed the central bank functions previously performed by the Commonwealth Bank, including managing the currency, the money supply and exchange control.

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or may be withholding funds from the market expecting a heightened demand in the near future. The Reserve Bank's role includes ensuring liquidity in the banking system, including acting as

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The banking industry was slowly deregulated. In the mid-1960s, the distinction between and separation of trading and savings banks was removed and all banks were allowed to operate in the

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Currently, banking in Australia is dominated by four major banks: Commonwealth Bank, Westpac, ANZ Bank and the National Australia Bank. The top four banking groups in Australia ranked by

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on cheques to mechanise the process of data capture by the banks as well as for mechanical sorting and bundling of physical cheques for forwarding to the payer bank branch for final

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also has an important involvement. However, in practice, banks in Australia are self-regulated through external dispute resolution (EDR) schemes, the most prominent of which is the

2592: 1091: 4225: 1705: 1499:, on 7 May 2018. On 1 September 2022, APRA announced it had revoked Volt Bank Limited's (Volt) authorised deposit-taking institution (ADI) licence under the Banking Act 1959. 465:

Collectively, Australian customer-owned banks service 4.6 million customers or 'members' (as they are mutual shareholders in the institutions), with total assets of over

1736: 4185: 4170: 4099: 2399: 4109: 1180: 4205: 4165: 2453:"Bank of Australasia (incorporated by Royal Charter, 1835), London Office, no. 8, Austin Friars : paid up capital £900,000, Directors ... - Version details - Trove" 451:(formerly known as Abacus Australian Mutuals) is the industry body representing the more than 100 credit unions, building societies and mutual banks that constitute the 1615: 4200: 4180: 647:

Great Southern Bank is Australia's largest customer owned bank having achieved this status with the rebranding from Credit Union Australia on 1 June 2021. Previously

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as "reporting entities". They are required to identify and monitor customers using a risk-based approach, develop and maintain a compliance program, and report to

1881: 706:, are subsidiaries or alternate trading names of the big four banks. Bankwest (CBA), Bank of Melbourne, St George and BankSA are all trading names of Westpac. 4074: 872:. Depending on the bank's assessment of the type of shortfall and costs, the bank may take out an overnight loan, the interest rate of which is based on the 4220: 4124: 2400:"Australia-US Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA) to improve international tax compliance and to implement FATCA (the US Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act)" 951:, established in Sydney in 1817. During the 19th and early 20th century, the Bank of New South Wales opened branches throughout Australia and Oceania: at 4195: 4119: 2295: 2281: 2269: 4114: 4104: 4094: 3958: 837: 817: 1789: 4190: 4147: 4069: 3973: 3770: 2090: 885: 778: 3948: 3328: 2333: 2148: 1444:(APRA) was established on 1 July 1998 to take over from the RBA the oversight of ADI's and other financial institutions in Australia, e.g., banks, 1906: 3780: 3760: 3333: 2242: 1340:

Banking in Australia is notable by the small number of large banks in the market. Much of this concentration is the result of bank acquisitions.

845: 826: 17: 3462: 2834: 215:. Foreign banks require a licence to operate through a branch in Australia, as do Australian-incorporated foreign bank subsidiaries. Complying 2307:

Australia, scheme=AGLSTERMS AglsAgent; corporateName=Reserve Bank of; Australia, scheme=AGLSTERMS AglsAgent; corporateName=Reserve Bank of.

1491: 1385:. A change in regulations allowed building societies and credit unions to become banks without having to demutualise, and several including 277:. A change in regulations allowed building societies and credit unions to become banks without having to demutualise, and several including 3577: 2211: 2117: 3765: 3338: 1441: 774: 2756: 2580: 786: 1709: 1162:, which did not provide services to the general public. Because of these and numerous other regulatory restrictions, other forms of 3953: 3938: 3933: 2681: 1733: 1576: 1244: 404: 153: 99: 1223:(ATMs) commenced in 1969. There are currently a number of ATM networks operating in Australia, the largest five of which are: the 4038: 3249: 71: 1616:"Australian Government Deposit Guarantee Design & Operational Parameters, Department of the Treasury accessed 18 June 2010" 2403: 4004: 2740: 1622: 1418: 1341: 1325:), and banks were allowed to set their own interest rates. Building societies were allowed to take deposits from the public. 793: 233: 185: 52: 1102:

of the 1930s brought a string of bank failures. In 1931, Commonwealth Bank took over two faltering state savings banks: the

306:

The four pillars policy does not prevent the four major banks from acquiring smaller competitors. In 2000, CBA acquired the

78: 3129: 1978: 991: 848:

said 'This is a bit of paradise, Australia, for white collar '. In December 2017 the Australian Government established the

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Foreign banks wishing to carry on a banking business in Australia must obtain a banking authority issued by APRA under the

505: 2072: 1154:. Savings banks paid virtually no interest to their depositors and their lending activities were restricted to providing 3166: 2768: 1188: 2492: 1397:, which had emerged as a major bank–insurance combine in the 1990s, after the Colonial Mutual insurance group took over 310:, which had emerged as a major bank–insurance combine in the 1990s, after the Colonial Mutual insurance group took over 3925: 3910: 3678: 3455: 2827: 2786: 1095: 909: 2296:

https://theconversation.com/bank-codes-of-conduct-add-bars-to-the-window-dressing-and-make-them-legally-binding-105391

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https://web.archive.org/web/20181028225606/https://financialservices.royalcommission.gov.au/Pages/interim-report.aspx

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2001 or other Commonwealth or State legislation, depending on the nature of their business activities in Australia.

3598: 1130: 216: 1825:"Top Banks in Australia | 2017 Ranking | Review of the Best and Largest Banks in Australia – AdvisoryHQ" 1692: 1083:

expressly prohibits persons from issuing bills or notes payable to bearer on demand and intended for circulation.

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Private bank notes and treasury notes continued in circulation until 1910, when the federal Parliament passed the

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to take deposits from customers. The change formalised the right of non-bank financial institutions – such as

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in 2008. Westpac acquired the Challenge Bank in 1995, Bank of Melbourne in 1997, and St George Bank in 2008.

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and are not subject to the prudential supervision of APRA. They may be required to obtain licences under the

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Formally, there is extensive and detailed regulation of Australia's banking system, split mainly between the

311: 1270:. Since then, BSBs have been used in electronic transactions (but is not used in financial card numbering). 3562: 1353: 947:

in 1788 and 1817, there were no banks nor much currency in the colony. The first bank in Australia was the

741: 245: 4251: 4142: 4031: 3869: 3838: 3813: 3628: 3552: 3414: 3348: 3343: 3295: 2153: 2122: 1469: 915: 322:

in 2008. Westpac acquired Challenge Bank in 1995, Bank of Melbourne in 1997, and St George Bank in 2008.

3915: 3884: 3864: 3818: 3693: 3648: 3623: 3613: 3567: 3547: 3510: 3429: 3019: 2732:

Renniks Australian Coin and Banknote Values: Over 49 Years as the Premier Guide for Coins and Banknotes

1693:

RELEASE OF THE REPORT OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM INQUIRY AND INITIAL GOVERNMENT RESPONSE ON MERGERS POLICY

1566: 1382: 1195:. People could only receive $ 25 at a time and the bank card was sent back to the user at a later date. 1033:

In 1835 a London-based bank called the Bank of Australasia was formed that would eventually become the

995: 683: 274: 1601: 3943: 3889: 3790: 3698: 2859: 2184: 1956: 1326: 1208: 877: 782: 197: 161: 3843: 3823: 3775: 3682: 3593: 3290: 2937: 2452: 1378: 1289: 1220: 869: 862: 740:

There are a number of foreign subsidiary banks, however only a few have a retail banking presence;

703: 270: 2180:"Trouble in paradise: Greg Medcraft's white collar crime comments get people hot under the collar" 1472:. The Payments System Board (PSB) was also created, to maintain the safety and performance of the 939:, circa 1870s. The bank went out of business in around 1884 and was demolished shortly afterwards. 92: 3848: 3673: 3171: 2908: 2876: 1232: 1070: 1038: 1019: 948: 424: 299:" in relation to banking in Australia and announced that it would reject any mergers between the 241: 157: 45: 2347: 2025: 931: 204:

guarantees deposits up to $ 250,000 per account-holder per ADI in the event of the ADI failing.

4089: 4024: 3703: 3643: 3608: 3515: 3012: 2621: 1824: 1572:

Royal Commission into Misconduct in the Banking, Superannuation and Financial Services Industry

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Royal Commission into Misconduct in the Banking, Superannuation and Financial Services Industry

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have converted since 2011 while retaining their status and structure as mutual organisations.

1158:. Many of these savings banks were owned by state governments. Trading banks were essentially 281:

have converted since 2011 while retaining their status and structure as mutual organisations.

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certain cash transactions as well as suspicious matters and file annual compliance reports.

3879: 3808: 3785: 3638: 3603: 3471: 3419: 3176: 3079: 3024: 2247: 1556: 1394: 960: 660: 553: 307: 2386: 2243:"Banking royal commission: Government appoints former Judge Kenneth Hayne to lead inquiry" 759:

Foreign banks have a more significant presence in the Australian merchant banking sector.

8: 3894: 3874: 3800: 3618: 3572: 3500: 3353: 3244: 3094: 3036: 2308: 987:(1910). It was by far the most dominant bank throughout Australia until into the 1960s. 821: 797: 749: 722:

in Australia for liaison purposes, but the activities of that office will be restricted.

455: 296: 290: 181: 2689: 160:. There are several smaller banks with a presence throughout the country which includes 3729: 3300: 3002: 2925: 2638: 2073:

https://assets.kpmg.com/content/dam/kpmg/au/pdf/2023/mutuals-industry-review-report.pdf

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Banks have adopted new technologies in order to reduce operating costs. The rollout of

691: 300: 2656: 2426: 2282:"Bank codes of conduct: Add bars to the window dressing and make them legally binding" 1361:

before they were permitted to do so. This included NSW Building Society, which became

729:, foreign investment in the Australian banking sector needs to be consistent with the 253:

before they were permitted to do so. This included NSW Building Society, which became

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Bank codes of conduct: add bars to the window dressing and make them legally binding

1646: 1526: 1457: 1398: 1334: 1330: 1297: 1259: 1252: 1224: 1087: 1003: 972: 367: 361: 145: 2619:

Myers, Margaret G. (September 1961). "The Control of Consumer Credit in Australia".

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established in Melbourne in 1858, and set up branches in other Australian colonies:

4084: 3485: 3049: 2630: 2207: 1453: 1301: 1207:. This arrangement caused some discomfort for the other banks, and as a result the 1167: 1099: 1076: 980: 177: 1025: 3655: 3320: 3305: 3084: 2997: 2730: 2712:"Australian Bank Volt Collapses | Australian Financial Complaints Authority" 1740: 1473: 1358: 1090:

in 1911, which by 1913 had branches in all six states. In 1912, it took over the

1007: 968: 250: 208: 2389:, speech by Glenn Stevens, Governor of Reserve Bank of Australia, 15 April 2008. 3743: 3738: 3688: 3274: 3234: 3054: 2959: 2947: 1465: 1414: 1374: 1366: 1305: 699: 653: 585: 266: 258: 189: 1479:

At the time, consumer credit in Australia was primarily loaned in the form of

1251:(with over 2,000 machines), and others. Financial institutions are linked via 4240: 3384: 3254: 3229: 3144: 3104: 1495:

unrestricted status. APRA announced and authorised the first restricted ADI,

1437: 1386: 1370: 1322: 1159: 1155: 1139: 1044:

A speculative boom in the Australian property market in the 1880s led to the

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several building societies sought to convert to banks, but were required to

1262:(BSB) identifier was introduced in the early 1970s with the introduction of 1243:-St George-BankSA and Bank of Melbourne network (with over 3,000 machines), 694:(including its retail arms ME Bank & Virgin Money. Other banks, such as 656:(formerly Bankmecu) was announced as Australia's first customer-owned bank. 3310: 3239: 3099: 2982: 2889: 2851: 1581: 1445: 1430: 1362: 1318: 1248: 1204: 1200: 1171: 687: 569: 254: 193: 173: 165: 1285:, were shut out of the new system, though they use compatible technology. 935:

The Oriental Bank, one of Australia's earliest bank buildings, located in

3156: 3134: 3074: 2977: 2086:"RG 139 Approval and oversight of external complaints resolution schemes" 1461: 964: 952: 633: 469:

138 billion. The ten largest customer-owned banks in Australia are:

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Chapter 2 - Bank branch closures in rural, regional and remote Australia

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There are other retail banks in Australia. These are smaller and often

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APRA is responsible for the licensing and prudential supervision of

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public. Queensland treasury notes were legal tender in that state.

1034: 999: 984: 956: 892: 801: 695: 617: 319: 237: 184:, which provide limited banking-type services and are described as 2431:

Biography - Edward Smith Hall - Australian Dictionary of Biography

1421:(ADI) was created for a corporation which is authorised under the 3269: 3124: 3114: 3089: 3064: 3007: 2932: 1602:"Best Business Bank Accounts in Australia for 2023 | Zeller" 1349: 1288:

The widespread acceptance of credit cards and the development of

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which prohibited the circulation of state notes as money and the

384: 262: 188:(ADIs). Many large foreign banks have a presence, but few have a 149: 3374: 2942: 2918: 1273: 1192: 1015: 944: 232:

Much of this concentration is the result of bank acquisitions.

2605:

Bank branch closures across rural Australia put towns on brink

834:

Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006

3259: 3199: 2913: 2762: 2051: 2004:"Australia's First Customer Owned Bank | Bank Australia" 1871:"fy15_results_investor_discussion_pack_-_final_asx_lodgement" 1764: 1079:

was first issued as the legal tender in Australia. Now, the

1051:

Until 1910, banks could issue private bank notes, except in

3389: 3369: 1934: 1706:"Four pillars debate needs refining: AFR Economic Briefing" 1263: 976: 753: 141: 1146:. Moreover, banks in Australia were classified as either 745: 638: 622: 606: 590: 574: 558: 542: 526: 510: 494: 466: 2552:"Customer Loyalty in Retail Banking Global Edition 2012" 2348:"ASX to take over Calculation of BBSW and EOD BAB rates" 2682:"APRA finalises new Restricted ADI licensing framework" 2987: 2475: 2473: 2402:. Australia Department of the Treasury. Archived from 2534:"Australian Bank ATM Fees and Charges | Finder" 1292:

encrypted technology in mid 1990s opened the way to

1110:(est. 1863). In 1991, it also took over the failing 2470: 2362:"Why you should care about the bank bill swap rate" 800:guidelines for banks which are consistent with the 59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2091:Australian Securities & Investments Commission 1734:Westpac-St George merger won't topple four-pillars 886:Australian Securities & Investments Commission 838:Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre 779:Australian Securities & Investments Commission 2206: 2083: 1401:in 1994. The Commonwealth Bank also acquired the 1312: 314:in 1994. The Commonwealth Bank also acquired the 219:are exempt from the banking licence requirement. 4238: 3334:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission 3329:Australian Securities and Investments Commission 1199:From 1920, the Commonwealth Bank performed some 1121:Nos 5 and 7 Sydney Road Manly in 1951, taken by 832:Banks are also subject to obligations under the 827:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission 1502: 1098:(est. 1861). As with many other countries, the 2531: 2306: 1203:functions, which were greatly expanded during 1094:(est. 1902) and did the same in 1920 with the 442: 4032: 3456: 2828: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1687: 1685: 1309:resulting in branch closures and staff cuts. 1214: 2332:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1979:"Building Societies and Credit Unions: 2020" 1664:The strength of Australia’s financial sector 902: 1191:news report on the introduction of ATMs in 856: 4039: 4025: 3463: 3449: 3339:Australian Prudential Regulation Authority 2835: 2821: 2424: 1810: 1704:Marks, Bob; Young, Owen (22 August 2005). 1703: 1682: 1442:Australian Prudential Regulation Authority 1104:Government Savings Bank of New South Wales 775:Australian Prudential Regulation Authority 2581:List of countries by mobile banking usage 2495:. Commonwealth of Australia. January 1966 2354: 2218:(Press release). Canberra. Archived from 1658: 1656: 1654: 1640: 787:Australian Financial Complaints Authority 735:Financial Sector (Shareholdings) Act 1998 405:Australia & New Zealand Banking Group 226: 154:Australia & New Zealand Banking Group 119:Learn how and when to remove this message 3470: 2842: 2614: 2612: 1729: 1727: 1676:"Imbal hasil bank asal Australia Jawara" 1577:Timeline of banking in Western Australia 1176: 1116: 1024: 930: 3250:Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 2657:"Review into Open Banking in Australia" 2387:Liquidity and the Lender of Last Resort 2240: 1765:"ASX 200 List of Companies – Directory" 1433:– to accept deposits from non-members. 1108:State Savings Bank of Western Australia 1086:The federal government established the 14: 4239: 4046: 1651: 1029:Union Bank of Australia, Sydney, 1840s 794:authorised deposit-taking institutions 217:religious charitable development funds 186:authorised deposit-taking institutions 4020: 3444: 2816: 2618: 2609: 2532:Bradney-George, Amy (4 August 2010). 1724: 1419:authorised deposit-taking institution 1342:English, Scottish and Australian Bank 673: 670:Bank IMB Bank Quodos Bank Bank First 234:English, Scottish and Australian Bank 3999: 2769: 2728: 2515:"History - Amalgamations - CommBank" 2479: 2241:Gribbin, Caitlyn (1 December 2017). 1759: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1239:network (with over 3,400 machines), 1231:network (with over 4,000 machines), 992:Commercial Banking Company of Sydney 57:adding citations to reliable sources 28: 2603:Weekly Times Now, 8 November 2017, 2485: 2212:"Appointment of Royal Commissioner" 2026:"Teachers Credit Union to re-brand" 1059: 295:In 1990, the government adopted a " 200:(RBA). The Australian government’s 24: 2591:Parliament of Australia, 2002-04, 2149:"The impairment of customer loans" 1899: 1863: 1835: 1782: 1300:was introduced in the 1990s, with 1096:Queensland Government Savings Bank 910:Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act 907:The United States has enacted the 449:Customer Owned Banking Association 25: 4263: 2750: 1750: 1166:flourished in Australia, such as 1046:Australian banking crisis of 1893 994:was established in 1834, and the 888:(ASIC) monitors the BBSW system. 769:Financial regulation in Australia 284: 3998: 3987: 3986: 2795: 2778: 2427:"Hall, Edward Smith (1786–1860)" 1843:"Westpac_FY15_financial_results" 1304:being introduced after 1995 and 926: 899:in times of a liquidity crisis. 709: 329:at share price 1 December 2017: 131:Overview of banking in Australia 33: 2704: 2674: 2649: 2597: 2585: 2573: 2544: 2525: 2507: 2445: 2418: 2392: 2380: 2340: 2300: 2288: 2274: 2263: 2234: 2200: 2172: 2141: 2110: 2077: 2066: 2044: 2018: 1996: 1971: 1949: 1927: 1247:(with over 2,600 machines) and 1164:non-bank financial institutions 727:Foreign Investment Review Board 667:Top 10 Total Assets (2019-2023) 44:needs additional citations for 18:History of banking in Australia 4065:Federated States of Micronesia 3735:Australian Securities Exchange 2118:"Scrutiny of Financial Advice" 1697: 1668: 1608: 1594: 1552:Australian Banking Association 1313:Deregulation and concentration 1092:State Savings Bank of Tasmania 1037:. In 1951, it merged with the 168:, and a large number of other 13: 1: 3425:Financial system in Australia 1647:Exemption Order No. 1 of 2017 1587: 1562:Financial system in Australia 1533:State Bank of New South Wales 1521:State Bank of South Australia 1321:(traditionally the domain of 762: 312:State Bank of New South Wales 3974:Australia–United Kingdom FTA 3578:Australian Capital Territory 3363:Other Financial Institutions 2052:"Home - Select Credit Union" 1503:Former government-owned Bank 1354:Commercial Bank of Australia 996:National Bank of Australasia 943:Between white settlement in 816:ASIC has responsibility for 742:ING Bank (Australia) Limited 538:People's Choice Credit Union 246:Commercial Bank of Australia 7: 3949:Australia–United States FTA 3839:National Electricity Market 3415:Category:Banks of Australia 3349:Australian Payments Network 3344:Australian Payments Council 3020:Bendigo & Adelaide Bank 2757:Australia's Banking History 2493:"The Australian note issue" 2216:Prime Minister of Australia 2154:Australian Parliament House 2123:Australian Parliament House 1907:"2015%20asx%20announcement" 1545: 979:(1901), Papua (now part of 916:US Internal Revenue Service 684:Bendigo & Adelaide Bank 652:example, in September 2011 443:Mutual banking in Australia 140:is dominated by four major 10: 4268: 3694:Minerals Resource Rent Tax 3430:List of banks in Australia 3404:Royal Commission 2017–2019 2722: 1878:www.shareholder.anz.com.au 1567:List of banks in Australia 1417:home loans. A category of 1215:Adoption of new technology 921: 860: 766: 288: 4156: 4133: 4052: 3982: 3964:Trans-Pacific Partnership 3944:Australia–New Zealand FTA 3924: 3903: 3890:Social class in Australia 3857: 3799: 3753: 3712: 3699:Passenger Movement Charge 3664: 3586: 3540: 3524: 3478: 3410: 3398: 3362: 3319: 3283: 3212: 3185: 3035: 2958: 2875: 2868: 2860:Reserve Bank of Australia 2850: 2729:Pitt, Michael T. (2013). 2313:Reserve Bank of Australia 2185:The Sydney Morning Herald 1959:. Abacus. 1 February 2012 1327:Foreign exchange controls 1221:automated teller machines 1209:Reserve Bank of Australia 1066:Australian Notes Act 1910 903:International cooperation 783:Reserve Bank of Australia 198:Reserve Bank of Australia 162:Bendigo and Adelaide Bank 4211:Northern Mariana Islands 3824:Energy efficiency rating 3679:Goods & Services Tax 3045:Australian Military Bank 2735:. Renniks Publications. 1790:"fy15-media-release-asx" 1481:installment sales credit 1468:and most members of the 870:interbank lending market 863:Interbank lending market 857:Interbank lending market 4176:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 3969:Indonesia–Australia FTA 3172:Regional Australia Bank 2909:National Australia Bank 2433:. Adb.online.anu.edu.au 2084:Australian Government. 1490:In 2018 APRA created a 1470:superannuation industry 1438:Wallis Committee Report 1350:Bank of New South Wales 1329:were abolished and the 1071:Bank Notes Tax Act 1910 1039:Union Bank of Australia 1020:National Australia Bank 949:Bank of New South Wales 425:National Australia Bank 390:A$ 106.821 billion 242:Bank of New South Wales 202:Financial Claims Scheme 158:National Australia Bank 3516:Snowy Mountains Scheme 3491:Banking crisis of 1893 3115:Illawarra Credit Union 2622:The Journal of Finance 1539:Trust Bank of Tasmania 1509:State Bank of Victoria 1403:State Bank of Victoria 1196: 1134: 1112:State Bank of Victoria 1030: 940: 876:, which is set by the 430:A$ 79.465 billion 410:A$ 83.599 billion 341:Market capitalisation 316:State Bank of Victoria 240:in 1970. In 1982, the 227:Financial institutions 170:financial institutions 68:"Banking in Australia" 4159:and other territories 3380:New Payments Platform 3070:Beyond Bank Australia 2159:Australian Government 2128:Australian Government 1662:Australian Treasury, 1186: 1120: 1081:Reserve Bank Act 1959 1028: 959:) (in 1850), then in 934: 897:lender of last resort 720:representative office 602:Beyond Bank Australia 327:market capitalisation 4247:Banking in Australia 3880:Poverty in Australia 3472:Economy of Australia 3420:Economy of Australia 3177:Teachers Mutual Bank 3080:Community First Bank 2844:Banking in Australia 2765:Banking in Australia 1935:"Australian Mutuals" 1557:Economy of Australia 1344:was acquired by the 1337:from December 1983. 1106:(est. 1871) and the 661:Teachers Mutual Bank 554:Teachers Mutual Bank 433:A$ 5.84 billion 413:A$ 7.22 billion 393:A$ 7.82 billion 373:A$ 9.14 billion 370:139.219 billion 236:was acquired by the 53:improve this article 3959:Japan–Australia FTA 3954:China–Australia FTA 3939:Australia–Korea FTA 3934:Australia–Chile FTA 3895:Wealth in Australia 3875:Income in Australia 3858:Economic conditions 3754:Regulatory agencies 3713:Banking and Finance 3501:Four pillars policy 3354:Four pillars policy 3130:Newcastle Permanent 3095:Great Southern Bank 2661:www.treasury.gov.au 2519:www.commbank.com.au 2210:(1 December 2017). 2098:on 30 November 2015 1887:on 17 February 2016 1797:www.commbank.com.au 1739:15 May 2008 at the 822:consumer protection 750:HSBC Bank Australia 506:Newcastle Permanent 490:Great Southern Bank 436:A$ 777.622 billion 416:A$ 914.900 billion 396:A$ 839.202 billion 376:A$ 933.078 billion 297:four pillars policy 291:Four pillars policy 4252:Banks of Australia 4047:Banking in Oceania 3781:Corporations power 3730:Official cash rate 3634:Telecommunications 3301:La Trobe Financial 3003:Bank of Queensland 2926:Citibank Australia 2309:"Cash Rate Target" 2284:. 25 October 2018. 2222:on 1 December 2017 1850:www.westpac.com.au 1829:www.advisoryhq.com 1769:www.asx200list.com 1712:on 5 February 2008 1628:on 13 October 2009 1454:friendly societies 1450:building societies 1427:building societies 1348:in 1970. In 1982, 1253:interbank networks 1197: 1168:building societies 1135: 1031: 941: 692:Bank of Queensland 674:Other retail banks 529:10.7 billion 513:11.1 billion 497:19.5 billion 178:building societies 4234: 4233: 4226:Wallis and Futuna 4134:Associated states 4014: 4013: 3834:Green electricity 3563:Western Australia 3532:Australian dollar 3438: 3437: 3208: 3207: 3140:People First Bank 2938:Bank of Melbourne 2897:Commonwealth Bank 2877:Majors (Big Four) 2742:978-0-9873386-2-4 2208:Turnbull, Malcolm 2188:. 24 October 2014 2054:. Selectcu.com.au 2032:. 12 October 2011 1984:. 15 January 2021 1527:Commonwealth Bank 1458:general insurance 1399:State Bank of NSW 1379:Bank of Melbourne 1333:was permitted to 1331:Australian dollar 1298:Telephone banking 1260:Bank State Branch 1225:Commonwealth Bank 1184: 1088:Commonwealth Bank 1004:Western Australia 973:Western Australia 752:(a subsidiary of 725:According to the 704:Bank of Melbourne 645: 644: 641:6.2 billion 625:6.7 billion 609:7.1 billion 593:7.2 billion 577:7.5 billion 561:8.1 billion 545:9.5 billion 440: 439: 362:Commonwealth Bank 271:Bank of Melbourne 146:Commonwealth Bank 129: 128: 121: 103: 16:(Redirected from 4259: 4216:Pitcairn Islands 4186:French Polynesia 4171:Christmas Island 4100:Papua New Guinea 4080:Marshall Islands 4053:Sovereign states 4041: 4034: 4027: 4018: 4017: 4002: 4001: 3990: 3989: 3926:Trade agreements 3829:Geothermal power 3725:Financial system 3506:Great Depression 3496:Economic history 3486:Australian pound 3465: 3458: 3451: 3442: 3441: 3284:Non-bank lenders 3050:Australian Unity 2873: 2872: 2869:Australian banks 2837: 2830: 2823: 2814: 2813: 2808: 2800: 2799: 2798: 2791: 2783: 2782: 2781: 2771: 2746: 2716: 2715: 2708: 2702: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2688:. Archived from 2678: 2672: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2653: 2647: 2646: 2616: 2607: 2601: 2595: 2589: 2583: 2577: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2556: 2548: 2542: 2541: 2529: 2523: 2522: 2511: 2505: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2489: 2483: 2477: 2468: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2457:trove.nla.gov.au 2449: 2443: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2425:M. J. B. Kenny. 2422: 2416: 2415: 2413: 2411: 2406:on 6 August 2017 2396: 2390: 2384: 2378: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2358: 2352: 2351: 2344: 2338: 2337: 2331: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2304: 2298: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2278: 2272: 2267: 2261: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2238: 2232: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2204: 2198: 2197: 2195: 2193: 2176: 2170: 2169: 2167: 2165: 2145: 2139: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2114: 2108: 2107: 2105: 2103: 2094:. Archived from 2081: 2075: 2070: 2064: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2048: 2042: 2041: 2039: 2037: 2022: 2016: 2015: 2013: 2011: 2000: 1994: 1993: 1991: 1989: 1983: 1975: 1969: 1968: 1966: 1964: 1953: 1947: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1931: 1925: 1924: 1922: 1920: 1911: 1903: 1897: 1896: 1894: 1892: 1886: 1880:. Archived from 1875: 1867: 1861: 1860: 1858: 1856: 1847: 1839: 1833: 1832: 1821: 1808: 1807: 1805: 1803: 1794: 1786: 1780: 1779: 1777: 1775: 1761: 1748: 1731: 1722: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1708:. Archived from 1701: 1695: 1689: 1680: 1679: 1672: 1666: 1660: 1649: 1644: 1638: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1627: 1621:. Archived from 1620: 1612: 1606: 1605: 1598: 1423:Banking Act 1959 1352:merged with the 1302:internet banking 1268:cheque clearance 1185: 1100:Great Depression 1077:Australian pound 1060:After federation 981:Papua New Guinea 818:market integrity 811:Corporations Act 798:capital adequacy 682:, including the 472: 471: 462:banking sector. 332: 331: 244:merged with the 213:Banking Act 1959 207:Banks require a 124: 117: 113: 110: 104: 102: 61: 37: 29: 21: 4267: 4266: 4262: 4261: 4260: 4258: 4257: 4256: 4237: 4236: 4235: 4230: 4158: 4152: 4135: 4129: 4110:Solomon Islands 4048: 4045: 4015: 4010: 3978: 3920: 3916:Labour movement 3899: 3885:Property bubble 3865:Government debt 3853: 3795: 3749: 3739:S&P/ASX 200 3708: 3660: 3582: 3568:South Australia 3548:New South Wales 3541:State economies 3536: 3520: 3474: 3469: 3439: 3434: 3406: 3394: 3358: 3315: 3306:Mortgage Choice 3279: 3204: 3181: 3150:People's Choice 3085:Credit Union SA 3031: 2954: 2864: 2846: 2841: 2811: 2801: 2796: 2794: 2784: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2770:sister projects 2767:at Knowledge's 2753: 2743: 2725: 2720: 2719: 2710: 2709: 2705: 2695: 2693: 2680: 2679: 2675: 2665: 2663: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2635:10.2307/2977336 2617: 2610: 2602: 2598: 2590: 2586: 2578: 2574: 2564: 2562: 2554: 2550: 2549: 2545: 2530: 2526: 2513: 2512: 2508: 2498: 2496: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2478: 2471: 2461: 2459: 2451: 2450: 2446: 2436: 2434: 2423: 2419: 2409: 2407: 2398: 2397: 2393: 2385: 2381: 2371: 2369: 2368:. 12 April 2016 2360: 2359: 2355: 2346: 2345: 2341: 2325: 2324: 2317: 2315: 2305: 2301: 2293: 2289: 2280: 2279: 2275: 2268: 2264: 2254: 2252: 2239: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2205: 2201: 2191: 2189: 2178: 2177: 2173: 2163: 2161: 2147: 2146: 2142: 2132: 2130: 2116: 2115: 2111: 2101: 2099: 2082: 2078: 2071: 2067: 2057: 2055: 2050: 2049: 2045: 2035: 2033: 2024: 2023: 2019: 2009: 2007: 2006:. BankAustralia 2002: 2001: 1997: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1976: 1972: 1962: 1960: 1955: 1954: 1950: 1940: 1938: 1933: 1932: 1928: 1918: 1916: 1909: 1905: 1904: 1900: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1873: 1869: 1868: 1864: 1854: 1852: 1845: 1841: 1840: 1836: 1823: 1822: 1811: 1801: 1799: 1792: 1788: 1787: 1783: 1773: 1771: 1763: 1762: 1751: 1741:Wayback Machine 1732: 1725: 1715: 1713: 1702: 1698: 1691:Press Release: 1690: 1683: 1678:. 12 June 2013. 1674: 1673: 1669: 1661: 1652: 1645: 1641: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1609: 1600: 1599: 1595: 1590: 1548: 1505: 1474:payments system 1373:, Metway Bank, 1315: 1258:The use of the 1217: 1177: 1062: 1008:New South Wales 969:South Australia 929: 924: 905: 865: 859: 771: 765: 712: 676: 445: 352: 347: 342: 293: 287: 265:, Metway Bank, 229: 132: 125: 114: 108: 105: 62: 60: 50: 38: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4265: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4232: 4231: 4229: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4206:Norfolk Island 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4166:American Samoa 4162: 4160: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4150: 4145: 4139: 4137: 4136:of New Zealand 4131: 4130: 4128: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4056: 4054: 4050: 4049: 4044: 4043: 4036: 4029: 4021: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4008: 3996: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3930: 3928: 3922: 3921: 3919: 3918: 3913: 3907: 3905: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3870:Home ownership 3867: 3861: 3859: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3814:Carbon pricing 3811: 3805: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3757: 3755: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3747: 3744:All Ordinaries 3741: 3732: 3727: 3722: 3716: 3714: 3710: 3709: 3707: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3689:Luxury Car Tax 3686: 3676: 3670: 3668: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3658: 3653: 3652: 3651: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3629:Superannuation 3626: 3621: 3616: 3611: 3606: 3601: 3596: 3590: 3588: 3584: 3583: 3581: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3544: 3542: 3538: 3537: 3535: 3534: 3528: 3526: 3522: 3521: 3519: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3482: 3480: 3476: 3475: 3468: 3467: 3460: 3453: 3445: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3432: 3427: 3422: 3417: 3411: 3408: 3407: 3402: 3400: 3396: 3395: 3393: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3366: 3364: 3360: 3359: 3357: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3341: 3336: 3331: 3325: 3323: 3317: 3316: 3314: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3287: 3285: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3277: 3275:Wise (company) 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3245:HSBC Australia 3242: 3237: 3235:Bank of Beirut 3232: 3227: 3222: 3216: 3214: 3210: 3209: 3206: 3205: 3203: 3202: 3197: 3191: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3180: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3164: 3159: 3154: 3153: 3152: 3147: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3107: 3102: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3067: 3062: 3057: 3055:Bank Australia 3052: 3047: 3041: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3030: 3029: 3028: 3027: 3017: 3016: 3015: 3010: 3000: 2998:Macquarie Bank 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2964: 2962: 2956: 2955: 2953: 2952: 2951: 2950: 2948:St George Bank 2945: 2940: 2930: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2922: 2921: 2906: 2905: 2904: 2894: 2893: 2892: 2881: 2879: 2870: 2866: 2865: 2863: 2862: 2856: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2840: 2839: 2832: 2825: 2817: 2810: 2809: 2792: 2763: 2761: 2760: 2752: 2751:External links 2749: 2748: 2747: 2741: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2717: 2703: 2673: 2648: 2629:(3): 409–422. 2608: 2596: 2584: 2572: 2543: 2524: 2506: 2484: 2482:, p. 180. 2469: 2444: 2417: 2391: 2379: 2353: 2339: 2299: 2287: 2273: 2262: 2233: 2199: 2171: 2140: 2109: 2076: 2065: 2043: 2017: 1995: 1970: 1948: 1926: 1914:www.nab.com.au 1898: 1862: 1834: 1809: 1781: 1749: 1723: 1696: 1681: 1667: 1650: 1639: 1607: 1592: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1542: 1536: 1530: 1524: 1518: 1512: 1504: 1501: 1492:restricted ADI 1466:life insurance 1436:Following the 1395:Colonial group 1375:Challenge Bank 1323:merchant banks 1314: 1311: 1306:mobile banking 1216: 1213: 1160:merchant banks 1061: 1058: 1014:(1920), and a 928: 925: 923: 920: 904: 901: 861:Main article: 858: 855: 764: 761: 711: 708: 700:St George Bank 680:regional banks 675: 672: 654:Bank Australia 643: 642: 636: 631: 627: 626: 620: 615: 611: 610: 604: 599: 595: 594: 588: 586:Bank Australia 583: 579: 578: 572: 567: 563: 562: 556: 551: 547: 546: 540: 535: 531: 530: 524: 519: 515: 514: 508: 503: 499: 498: 492: 487: 483: 482: 479: 476: 444: 441: 438: 437: 434: 431: 428: 422: 418: 417: 414: 411: 408: 402: 398: 397: 394: 391: 388: 382: 378: 377: 374: 371: 365: 359: 355: 354: 349: 346:Cash earnings 344: 339: 336: 308:Colonial Group 301:big four banks 289:Main article: 286: 285:Big four banks 283: 267:Challenge Bank 228: 225: 192:presence. The 190:retail banking 130: 127: 126: 41: 39: 32: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4264: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4201:New Caledonia 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4181:Easter Island 4179: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4163: 4161: 4155: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4140: 4138: 4132: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4055: 4051: 4042: 4037: 4035: 4030: 4028: 4023: 4022: 4019: 4007: 4006: 3997: 3995: 3994: 3985: 3984: 3981: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3923: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3902: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3862: 3860: 3856: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3819:Energy policy 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3807: 3806: 3804: 3802: 3798: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3776:Corporate law 3774: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3758: 3756: 3752: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3726: 3723: 3721: 3718: 3717: 3715: 3711: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3671: 3669: 3667: 3663: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3647: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3614:Manufacturing 3612: 3610: 3607: 3605: 3602: 3600: 3597: 3595: 3592: 3591: 3589: 3585: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3539: 3533: 3530: 3529: 3527: 3523: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3511:Privatisation 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3466: 3461: 3459: 3454: 3452: 3447: 3446: 3443: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3412: 3409: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3385:Tyro Payments 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Australia 2030:Banking Day 1988:28 December 1919:14 February 1891:14 February 1855:14 February 1802:14 February 1774:10 February 1632:23 December 1541:(1991-1999) 1535:(1933-1994) 1529:(1911-1991) 1523:(1896-1991) 1517:(1895-1995) 1511:(1842-1990) 1464:companies, 1462:reinsurance 1415:securitised 1359:demutualise 1010:(1885) and 1002:(in 1859), 965:New Zealand 953:Moreton Bay 807:Banking Act 777:(APRA) and 731:Banking Act 716:Banking Act 478:Institution 460:cooperative 251:demutualise 135:Banking in 4241:Categories 3849:Wind power 3704:Tax return 3674:Fuel taxes 3599:Automotive 3587:Industries 3558:Queensland 3321:Regulators 3255:ING Direct 3162:Qudos Bank 3060:Bank First 2410:4 February 2372:31 January 2255:1 December 2226:1 December 2192:17 January 2164:17 January 2133:17 January 2102:17 January 2010:8 November 1716:24 January 1588:References 1294:E-commerce 1283:Bartercard 1279:fuel cards 1053:Queensland 1012:Queensland 767:See also: 763:Regulation 453:Australian 211:under the 172:, such as 79:newspapers 4060:Australia 3644:Transport 3609:Insurance 3399:Inquiries 3225:Arab Bank 3195:Volt Bank 3167:RACQ Bank 3110:Hume Bank 2993:Judo Bank 2973:Alex Bank 2968:Airwallex 2480:Pitt 2013 1497:Volt Bank 1367:St George 1156:mortgages 1144:Hong Kong 1127:LJ Hooker 937:Melbourne 874:cash rate 387:(Westpac) 259:St George 137:Australia 4075:Kiribati 3993:Category 3666:Taxation 3573:Tasmania 3553:Victoria 3525:Currency 3296:Latitude 3265:Rabobank 3220:ABN AMRO 2902:Bankwest 2559:Bain.com 2328:cite web 2248:ABC News 1937:. 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