35:
334:, the Karenas proclaimed independence and refused to continue to pay tribute. Notwithstanding repeated (and some temporarily successful) attempts to conquer the Karenas, during which the family had withdrawn further eastwards to the
338:
region, some of the lands of the
Karenas appear to have remained independent until the 11th century, after which the House of Karen is no longer attested. Other notable members of the family include
213:, Iran). Members of the House of Karen were of notable rank in the administrative structure of the Sassanian empire in multiple periods of its four century-long history.
299:, the only other attested feudal house of the Parthian period. Following the conquest of the Parthians, the Karenas allied themselves with the
256:
The use of the name Karen might also be found earlier in
Iranian history. A possible early member of the family was a certain Vishtaspa krny (
818:
1157:
1031:
1193:
1017:
741:
672:
578:
225:
or Karen-Pahlevi, as they are also called, claimed descent from Karen, a figure of folklore and son of the equally mythical
877:
1010:
636:
715:
696:
646:
625:
295:
era, specifically as one of the feudal houses affiliated with the
Parthian court. In this they were similar to the
1188:
1024:
288:, though he was later reunited with her as well as being raised to a high position under Alexander's command.
811:
1183:
1059:
588:
268:. This figure has been identified with Hystaspes, a member of the Achaemenid royal family who fought under
614:(1968). "The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000â1217)". In Frye, R. N. (ed.).
1152:
1136:
281:
570:
Decline and Fall of the
Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran
990:
903:
867:
246:
190:
1100:
1095:
1087:
1045:
1038:
872:
851:
1066:
804:
253:
may also have been among the family names of the
Arsacid dynasty may give credence to this theory.
1178:
1080:
1004:
505:. Conference held in Vienna 14â16 June 2012. British Institute of Persian Studies. pp. 8â22.
163:
129:
116:
20:
660:
1073:
887:
729:
34:
615:
908:
501:. In Pendleton, Elizabeth; Alram, Michael; Daryaee, Touraj; Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh (eds.).
425:
304:
226:
8:
923:
757:
An
Abridged Translation of the History of Tabaristan, Compiled About A.H. 613 (A.D. 1216)
285:
273:
996:
785:
557:
1126:
1052:
969:
737:
711:
692:
668:
642:
621:
574:
323:
265:
238:
222:
137:
112:
686:
959:
882:
682:
656:
601:
154:
918:
827:
755:
568:
498:
230:
198:
194:
69:
65:
55:
974:
964:
928:
751:
725:
611:
397:
376:
343:
331:
327:
296:
292:
277:
234:
44:
766:
734:
The
Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs
665:
The
Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs
1172:
1131:
1121:
954:
936:
326:, the Karenas pledged allegiance to the Caliphate. In 783 however, under
242:
229:. Their historical origin however may be that the Karens, along with the
308:
269:
108:
789:
617:
The
Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol periods
315:
595:. Vol. 40 vols. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
335:
319:
300:
291:
However the first verified reference to the
Karenas was during the
206:
202:
98:
40:
796:
1116:
784:(298). Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. 52, no. 298: 21â27.
503:
The Parthian and Early Sasanian Empires: Adaptation and Expansion
261:
210:
412:
406:
388:
367:
355:
339:
303:, at whose court they were identified as one of the so-called "
87:
454:
452:
846:
841:
691:. London u.a.: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 747â753.
708:
The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume IV: IranâKha
667:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 198â249.
449:
276:'s invasion of Persia. Hystaspes' wife, a granddaughter of
776:
Herzfeld, Ernst (1928). "The Hoard of the Kâren Pahlavs".
736:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 57â90.
620:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1â202.
437:
534:
148:
638:
The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: AâB
168:
342:, the grandson of Vandad Hormozd, whose devotion to
346:and defiance of the Arabs brought him great fame.
1170:
710:. Leiden and New York: BRILL. pp. 644â647.
241:, this descent was via one of the three sons of
556:Schindel, Nikolaus (2013). "KAWÄD I i. Reign".
760:. Trans. Edward G. Browne. Leyden: E.J. Brill.
750:
587:
483:Movses Khorenatsi (trans. by R. W. Thompson),
812:
184:
174:
764:
641:. Leiden and New York: BRILL. p. 1110.
566:
540:
311:family was a branch of the House of Karen.
819:
805:
724:
47:to originally belong to the House of Karen
39:Clasp with an eagle and its prey found in
599:
458:
260:being a variation of Karen) who lived in
778:The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs
775:
765:Pourshariati, Parvaneh (2017). "KÄRIN".
681:
655:
610:
589:Al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir
559:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XVI, Fasc. 2
555:
528:
496:
443:
603:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XV, Fasc. 5
1171:
705:
688:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 7
661:"The Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran"
517:Aramaic Documents from Ancient Bactria
800:
752:Ibn Isfandiyar, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan
591:(1985â2007). Ehsan Yar-Shater (ed.).
470:Arthur George Warner, Edmond Warner,
385:Karin ibn Vandad Hormozd (r. 815â816)
216:
16:One of the Seven Great Houses of Iran
634:
600:Toumanoff, C. (2010). "KAMSARAKAN".
573:. London and New York: I.B. Tauris.
141:
133:
1032:PompeianâParthian invasion of 40 BC
826:
685:(1984). "ÄL-E BÄVAND (BAVANDIDS)".
472:The Shahnama of Firdausi:, Volume 7
158:
13:
373:Several Karen princes (r. 673â765)
14:
1205:
349:
201:. The seat of the dynasty was at
730:"The ĘżAbbÄsid Caliphate in Iran"
33:
1158:Rulers of Parthian sub-kingdoms
706:Rekaya, M. (1997). "ḲÄrinids".
567:Pourshariati, Parvaneh (2008).
635:Frye, R. N. (1986). "BÄwand".
522:
509:
490:
477:
464:
1:
1018:RomanâParthian War of 161â166
431:
1194:Dynasties in Persia and Iran
1060:Battle of the Cilician Gates
1025:Antony's Atropatene campaign
314:Following the defeat of the
205:, about 65 km south of
149:
7:
1011:RomanâParthian War of 58â63
499:"The Arsacids and Commagne"
497:Shayegan, M. Rahim (2016).
419:
169:
10:
1210:
549:
233:, were descended from the
191:Seven Great Houses of Iran
18:
1145:
1109:
1088:Parthian war of Caracalla
1046:Battle of Ctesiphon (198)
1039:Battle of Ctesiphon (165)
983:
947:
896:
860:
852:Parni conquest of Parthia
834:
382:Vandad Safan (r. 765â800)
221:The Karens, Karan-Vands,
104:
94:
83:
75:
61:
51:
32:
27:
1067:Battle of Mount Gindarus
732:. In Frye, R. N. (ed.).
663:. In Frye, R. N. (ed.).
593:The History of Al-ᚏabarč
485:History of the Armenians
1137:RomanâIranian relations
1081:Battle of Nisibis (217)
394:Vinda-Umid (r. 800â820)
1189:830s disestablishments
991:SeleucidâParthian Wars
185:
175:
117:Masmughans of Damavand
21:Karen (disambiguation)
1101:BactrianâParthian War
1096:ArmenianâParthian War
1074:Battle of Amanus Pass
768:Encyclopaedia Iranica
515:J. Naveh, S. Shaked,
426:Seven Parthian clans
330:and allied with the
284:hands following the
227:Kaveh the Blacksmith
1184:520s establishments
1005:RomanâParthian Wars
606:. pp. 453â455.
562:. pp. 136â141.
461:, pp. 453â455.
403:Quhyar (r. 817â823)
364:Alanda (r. 600â635)
286:Battle of Gaugamela
274:Alexander the Great
193:during the rule of
997:Battle of Ecbatana
904:Seven Great Houses
361:Karin (r. 550â600)
217:Origin and history
189:), was one of the
1166:
1165:
1153:Parthian monarchs
1127:Parthian Dark Age
1053:Battle of Carrhae
878:Caucasian Albania
743:978-0-521-20093-6
674:978-0-521-20093-6
580:978-1-84511-645-3
541:Pourshariati 2017
446:, pp. 21â22.
324:Battle of Badghis
266:Achaemenid period
264:during the later
239:Movses Khorenatsi
223:Qarinvand dynasty
199:Sassanian Empires
179:), also known as
167:
147:
122:
121:
1201:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1013:
999:
821:
814:
807:
798:
797:
793:
772:
761:
747:
721:
702:
678:
652:
631:
607:
596:
584:
563:
544:
538:
532:
526:
520:
513:
507:
506:
494:
488:
481:
475:
468:
462:
456:
447:
441:
409:(r. 823-839/840)
307:". The Armenian
249:. The fact that
188:
178:
172:
162:
160:
152:
146:romanized:
145:
143:
135:
37:
25:
24:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1141:
1105:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1009:
995:
979:
943:
892:
856:
830:
828:Parthian Empire
825:
744:
726:Mottahedeh, Roy
718:
699:
675:
649:
628:
612:Bosworth, C. E.
581:
552:
547:
539:
535:
527:
523:
514:
510:
495:
491:
482:
478:
469:
465:
457:
450:
442:
438:
434:
422:
352:
318:by the army of
237:. According to
231:House of Mihran
219:
115:
111:
90:, Karin, Alanda
70:Sasanian Empire
66:Parthian Empire
38:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1207:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1179:House of Karen
1164:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1002:
1001:
1000:
987:
985:
981:
980:
978:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
951:
949:
945:
944:
942:
941:
940:
939:
934:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
900:
898:
894:
893:
891:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
864:
862:
858:
857:
855:
854:
849:
844:
838:
836:
832:
831:
824:
823:
816:
809:
801:
795:
794:
773:
762:
748:
742:
722:
716:
703:
697:
679:
673:
653:
647:
632:
626:
608:
597:
585:
579:
564:
551:
548:
546:
545:
533:
529:Shayegan (2012
521:
519:(2012), p. 191
508:
489:
487:(1978), p. 166
476:
474:(2013), p. 185
463:
459:Toumanoff 2010
448:
435:
433:
430:
429:
428:
421:
418:
417:
416:
410:
404:
401:
395:
392:
386:
383:
380:
377:Vandad Hormozd
374:
371:
365:
362:
359:
351:
350:Karen Spahbeds
348:
344:Zoroastrianism
328:Vandad Hormozd
305:Parthian clans
297:House of Suren
278:Artaxerxes III
218:
215:
130:Middle Persian
126:House of Karen
120:
119:
106:
105:Cadet branches
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
85:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
45:Ernst Herzfeld
43:, believed by
30:
29:
28:House of Karen
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1206:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1132:Parthian shot
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1122:Parthian army
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1003:
998:
994:
993:
992:
989:
988:
986:
982:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
952:
950:
946:
938:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
905:
902:
901:
899:
895:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
863:
859:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
839:
837:
833:
829:
822:
817:
815:
810:
808:
803:
802:
799:
791:
787:
783:
779:
774:
770:
769:
763:
759:
758:
753:
749:
745:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
717:90-04-05745-5
713:
709:
704:
700:
698:90-04-08114-3
694:
690:
689:
684:
680:
676:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
648:90-04-08114-3
644:
640:
639:
633:
629:
627:0-521-06936-X
623:
619:
618:
613:
609:
605:
604:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
576:
572:
571:
565:
561:
560:
554:
553:
542:
537:
531:, p. 12)
530:
525:
518:
512:
504:
500:
493:
486:
480:
473:
467:
460:
455:
453:
445:
444:Herzfeld 1928
440:
436:
427:
424:
423:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
400:rule (r. 817)
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
353:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
254:
252:
248:
245:, also named
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
214:
212:
209:(present-day
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
187:
182:
177:
171:
165:
156:
151:
139:
131:
127:
118:
114:
110:
107:
103:
100:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
79:None, extinct
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
46:
42:
36:
31:
26:
22:
913:
888:Indo-Parthia
781:
777:
767:
756:
733:
707:
687:
683:Madelung, W.
664:
657:Madelung, W.
637:
616:
602:
592:
569:
558:
536:
524:
516:
511:
502:
492:
484:
479:
471:
466:
439:
379:(r. 765â815)
370:(r. 650â673)
358:(r. 525â550)
313:
290:
280:, fell into
257:
255:
250:
220:
186:KÄrÄn-Pahlaw
181:Karen-Pahlav
180:
125:
123:
76:Current head
52:Parent house
909:Ispahbudhan
897:Noble clans
243:Phraates IV
1173:Categories
924:Spandiyadh
432:References
309:Kamsarakan
282:Macedonian
270:Darius III
113:Qarinvands
109:Kamsarakan
19:See also:
316:Sasanians
301:Sassanids
164:romanized
95:Estate(s)
970:Language
883:Chosroid
754:(1905).
728:(1975).
659:(1975).
420:See also
415:(r. 839)
391:(r. 817)
336:Savadkuh
320:Rashidun
235:Arsacids
207:Ecbatana
203:Nahavand
195:Parthian
142:đđđđ
138:Parthian
99:Nahavand
56:Arsacids
41:Nahavand
1117:Parthia
1110:Related
960:Coinage
948:Culture
868:Armenia
861:Dynasty
835:Origins
550:Sources
332:Bavands
322:at the
293:Arsacid
272:during
262:Bactria
211:Hamadan
166::
155:Persian
84:Members
62:Country
919:Mihran
873:Iberia
790:863510
788:
740:
714:
695:
671:
645:
624:
577:
413:Quhyar
407:Mazyar
398:Bavand
389:Mazyar
368:Valash
356:Sukhra
340:Maziar
88:Sukhra
1146:Lists
975:Music
965:Dress
933:Varaz
929:Suren
914:Karen
847:Dahae
842:Parni
786:JSTOR
251:Karen
247:Karen
176:KÄren
170:KÄrin
150:KÄrÄn
134:KÄrÄn
984:Wars
738:ISBN
712:ISBN
693:ISBN
669:ISBN
643:ISBN
622:ISBN
575:ISBN
258:krny
197:and
159:ڊاعŮ
124:The
955:Art
937:Zik
173:or
1175::
782:52
780:.
451:^
161:,
157::
153:;
144:,
140::
136:;
132::
68:,
820:e
813:t
806:v
792:.
771:.
746:.
720:.
701:.
677:.
651:.
630:.
583:.
543:.
183:(
128:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
