477:
176:
434:
77:
59:
284:
538:). While the US troops had largely remained in the perimeter that had been established around Torokina, the Australians began offensive operations, to advance south towards the main Japanese base in Buin, to secure Numa Numa in the centre of the island, and push north towards Buka. When the fighting came to an end in mid-August 1945, the Australians were just short of their objective in the south and had made gains in the other two sectors.
351:. The area had been selected as the location of a large concentration area for Australian troops to rest and prepare for jungle warfare prior to further offensives, and II Corps was given responsibility for the base area and training programs. Throughout the first half of 1943, all three of the remaining
549:
on
Bougainville, and implemented the terms of surrender throughout August and September. As preparations were made for the post-war draw down of Australia's military, the 23rd Brigade was chosen to remain on Bougainville as a garrison force. On 23 September, the corps commander, Savige, relinquished
472:
arriving from the
Atherton Tablelands to assume command. It was a swap of personnel only, with the deployed corps keeping the designation of II Corps. Nevertheless, in May, II Corps headquarters was redesignated as Headquarters New Guinea force when the previous New Guinea Force was disbanded; based
497:
and western New Guinea. The headquarters of the First
Australian Army was established at Lae with a view to assuming control of all Australian forces in New Guinea. Consequently, the 5th Division became a direct command unit of the First Army for its deployment to New Britain, and Headquarters New
335:
took over from
Northcott as part of a restructuring of the Army. Further changes occurred over the next few months. As the fighting in New Guinea escalated, the 32nd Infantry Division was deployed to the combat zone and II Corps was reduced to only the Australian 3rd Infantry Division and a large
554:
assumed administrative command. The following day, 24 September, II Corps headquarters closed. The formation's constituent units were then transferred to the direct command of the 3rd
Infantry Division. In the post war period, no corps-level formations have been raised by the Australian Army.
31:
465:, effectively bringing large scale combat operations to a close temporarily for Australian forces in New Guinea, and allowing a reorganisation. At this time, the 11th Infantry Division moved from Buna via Lae to relieve the 7th Infantry Division in the Markham and Ramu Valleys.
488:
The final months of 1944 saw the
Australians assume responsibility for several rear areas in New Guinea and elsewhere, to relieve US troops and free them up for further offensives in the Philippines. A reorganisation followed as preparations were made for deployments to
291:
However, throughout the corps' existence, its composition changed many times. The first change came a couple months after its formation when, in July, the 2nd
Infantry Division was transferred to Western Australia, to join
201:. Formed in mid-1942 as part of defensive measures to protect the eastern coast of Australia from invasion, the corps was initially composed mainly of home defence troops drawn from the
1092:
473:
in Lae, the formation' main elements were in Madang (5th
Infantry Division), and Lae (11th Infantry Division), and the 3rd Infantry Division in the process of arriving.
1087:
411:
410:
where it took over from I Corps, and given control of a wide area and a number of divisions, including several in combat: the 7th
Infantry Division, which was
461:, the 9th Infantry Division was withdrawn to Australia for rest in February 1944, while the 5th Infantry Division replaced them around Finschhafen. In April,
406:
under its control. Two months later, the corps was committed to an operational role in New Guinea. At this time, the corps headquarters was deployed to
212:
After the threat of invasion passed, the corps took more of an operational role and from late 1943 until the end of the war it commanded a mix of
220:. Following the conclusion of hostilities, the corps headquarters was disbanded in September 1945, and its constituent units transferred to the
1082:
457:. Meanwhile, advanced elements of II Corps headquarters moved from Finschhafen, leaving a rear detachment behind at Dobodura. After the
403:
449:
took over command from
Morshead. The politics of this promotion – and the non promotion of the 7th Division's commander, Major General
205:. For a brief period in 1942, a US infantry division was also assigned to the corps prior to its dispatch to fight the Japanese in
926:
869:
321:
974:
343:, in December 1942, but this was only short-lived as another move took place the following month, which saw II Corps move to
1019:. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army. Vol. VII (1st ed.). Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
1063:
957:
237:
550:
command to assume the role of Director of Demobilisation and Repatriation in Melbourne. In his stead, Major General
577:
352:
273:
213:
518:), as well as two other brigades – 11th and 23rd, with the later initially detailed to defend the Outer Islands (
468:
The same month, the headquarters staff of II Corps were relieved by those from I Corps, with Lieutenant General
260:. It was one of three corps raised by the Army during the war. At the outset, the corps consisted of several
1038:. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army. Vol. V. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
481:
249:
476:
233:
245:
503:
423:
240:) to command Australian Army units deployed to protect the strategically and economically important
619:
614:
607:
602:
592:
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515:
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419:
399:
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364:
360:
317:
305:
277:
269:
265:
221:
453:, meant that the 7th Division was removed from II Corps and became a direct reporting until under
433:
597:
507:
415:
296:, and II Corps headquarters moved north to Queensland. Initially, it had been planned to move to
261:
202:
541:
Following the cessation of hostilities, II Corps staff took the surrender of Lieutenant General
531:
427:
355:
infantry divisions moved through the area, with the 7th Infantry Division concentrating around
175:
1051:
490:
356:
340:
293:
253:
217:
133:
113:
990:
494:
368:
138:
8:
348:
344:
309:
301:
297:
283:
206:
128:
103:
932:
551:
498:
Guinea force was redesignated as II Corps in September. II Corps subsequently moved to
252:
region against a potential invasion. Upon establishment, the corps was assigned to the
1059:
1039:
1020:
998:
978:
953:
450:
372:
169:
588:
In the final stages of the war, the following formations were assigned to II Corps:
527:
462:
454:
378:
In the second half of 1943, the Army was reorganised just before the operations to
198:
1033:
1014:
968:
650:
391:
313:
191:
82:
336:
number of support troops, including those that had been left behind by I Corps.
331:
There was a change in command in August–September 1942, when Lieutenant General
662:
656:
644:
638:
542:
469:
446:
379:
332:
257:
236:, in mid-April 1942 from the previously existing Eastern Command (formerly the
157:
1076:
523:
519:
458:
394:, with its headquarters at Barinne, with the 6th Division (consisting of the
36:
931:. Vol. 17. Melbourne University Press. pp. 520–523. Archived from
870:"AWM52 1/4/8/48: August – September 1945: 2 Australian Corps General Branch"
1043:
1024:
1002:
982:
438:
383:
123:
977:. Series 1 – Army. Vol. VI. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
535:
1010:
390:. By August 1943, II Corps was under the command of Lieutenant General
925:
Browne, Geoff (2007). "Herring, Sir Edmund France (Ned) (1892–1982)".
506:, and to direct the operations of the 3rd Division (consisting of the
216:
and Militia units in action against the Japanese in New Guinea and on
387:
64:
563:
Upon establishment, the following formations assigned to II Corps:
499:
407:
325:
790:
713:
316:
instead. At this time, the corps gained control of the Australian
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
30:
736:
734:
732:
730:
728:
241:
835:
802:
761:
1056:
The Unit Guide: The Australian Army 1939–1945, Volume 2
725:
194:
92:
674:
891:
751:
749:
703:
701:
633:
The following officers commanded II Corps during the war:
746:
698:
502:, on Bougainville, in November to take over from the US
852:
850:
780:
778:
776:
197:, one of three that were raised by the Army during the
686:
823:
324:, which were positioned astride the state capital of
1093:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945
847:
773:
426:, which were undertaking garrison duties in Lae and
1058:. Warriewood, New South Wales: Big Sky Publishing.
950:
The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History
903:
1088:Military units and formations established in 1942
1074:
997:. Melbourne, Victoria: Grayflower Publications.
437:An Australian mortar team during an exercise on
312:resulted in II Corps headquarters being sent to
1050:
841:
817:
796:
740:
719:
412:advancing through the Markham and Ramu Valleys
386:in July and the 9th Infantry Division went to
947:
897:
1035:South-West Pacific Area – First Year
480:Australian troops, assigned to II Corps,
232:II Corps headquarters was established at
1031:
767:
707:
692:
680:
475:
432:
382:. The 7th Infantry Division was sent to
282:
256:and was commanded by Lieutenant General
1075:
966:
952:. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
924:
829:
784:
755:
624:317th Light Aid Detachment (Australia)
989:
856:
445:In November 1943, Lieutenant General
300:, but the dispatch of the Australian
1009:
909:
948:Dennis, Peter; et al. (1995).
414:, the 9th Infantry Division on the
13:
1083:Corps of Australia in World War II
928:Australian Dictionary of Biography
558:
14:
1104:
975:Australia in the War of 1939–1945
353:Second Australian Imperial Force
214:Second Australian Imperial Force
174:
75:
57:
29:
862:
404:2/7th Cavalry Commando Regiment
1:
918:
877:Unit war diaries, 1939–45 war
628:
359:in February, followed by the
287:Australian military districts
35:Australian troops during the
668:
7:
484:, on Bougainville, May 1945
416:securing the Huon Peninsula
234:Parramatta, New South Wales
10:
1109:
995:South West Pacific 1941–45
339:The headquarters moved to
264:formations, including the
227:
1032:McCarthy, Dudley (1959).
970:The New Guinea Offensives
879:. Australian War Memorial
418:, as well as the Militia
168:
163:
151:
146:
119:
109:
98:
88:
70:
52:
44:
28:
23:
573:Newcastle Covering Force
482:cross the Hongorai River
270:Newcastle Covering Force
424:11th Infantry Divisions
1052:McKenzie-Smith, Graham
967:Dexter, David (1961).
516:29th Infantry Brigades
485:
442:
400:19th Infantry Brigades
322:32nd Infantry Division
288:
799:, pp. 2025–2026.
722:, pp. 2022–2028.
620:23rd Infantry Brigade
615:11th Infantry Brigade
608:29th Infantry Brigade
603:15th Infantry Brigade
593:3rd Infantry Division
583:2nd Infantry Division
568:1st Infantry Division
479:
436:
365:9th Infantry Division
341:Mount Mee, Queensland
318:3rd Infantry Division
306:7th Infantry Division
286:
278:2nd Infantry Division
266:1st Infantry Division
238:2nd Military District
222:3rd Infantry Division
134:Bougainville campaign
16:Australian Army corps
598:7th Infantry Brigade
578:1st Cavalry Division
274:1st Cavalry Division
139:New Britain campaign
1016:The Final Campaigns
842:McKenzie-Smith 2018
818:McKenzie-Smith 2018
797:McKenzie-Smith 2018
758:, pp. 520–523.
741:McKenzie-Smith 2018
720:McKenzie-Smith 2018
661:Lieutenant General
655:Lieutenant General
649:Lieutenant General
643:Lieutenant General
637:Lieutenant General
463:Madang was captured
349:Atherton Tablelands
345:Barrine, Queensland
129:New Guinea campaign
552:William Bridgeford
486:
443:
289:
898:Dennis et al 1995
710:, pp. 26–27.
367:a month later at
182:
181:
170:Unit colour patch
1100:
1069:
1065:978-1-925675-146
1047:
1028:
1006:
986:
963:
944:
942:
940:
935:on 12 April 2011
913:
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759:
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744:
738:
723:
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711:
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547:Seventeenth Army
528:Treasury Islands
455:New Guinea Force
199:Second World War
178:
81:
79:
78:
63:
61:
60:
33:
21:
20:
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1103:
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872:
868:
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863:
855:
848:
844:, p. 2019.
840:
836:
828:
824:
820:, p. 2026.
816:
803:
795:
791:
783:
774:
766:
762:
754:
747:
743:, p. 2025.
739:
726:
718:
714:
706:
699:
695:, pp. 8–9.
691:
687:
679:
675:
671:
651:Leslie Morshead
631:
561:
559:Order of battle
459:Sio was secured
441:, December 1944
392:Leslie Morshead
230:
192:Australian Army
185:
153:
83:Australian Army
76:
74:
58:
56:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1106:
1096:
1095:
1090:
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1071:
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1048:
1029:
1007:
991:Keogh, Eustace
987:
964:
958:
945:
920:
917:
915:
914:
902:
900:, p. 182.
890:
861:
859:, p. 416.
846:
834:
832:, p. 780.
822:
801:
789:
787:, p. 280.
772:
770:, Note p. 140.
760:
745:
724:
712:
697:
685:
672:
670:
667:
666:
665:
663:Stanley Savige
659:
657:Frank Berryman
653:
647:
645:Edmund Herring
641:
639:John Northcott
630:
627:
626:
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622:
617:
612:
611:
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605:
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586:
585:
580:
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560:
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543:Masatane Kanda
470:Stanley Savige
447:Frank Berryman
375:respectively.
333:Edmund Herring
258:John Northcott
229:
226:
183:
180:
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172:
166:
165:
161:
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158:John Northcott
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6:
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2:
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961:
959:0-19-553227-9
955:
951:
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929:
923:
922:
912:, p. 19.
911:
906:
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878:
871:
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851:
843:
838:
831:
826:
819:
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798:
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786:
781:
779:
777:
769:
768:McCarthy 1959
764:
757:
752:
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737:
735:
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731:
729:
721:
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709:
708:McCarthy 1959
704:
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694:
693:McCarthy 1959
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681:McCarthy 1959
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673:
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184:Military unit
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51:
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43:
38:
37:Battle of Sio
32:
27:
22:
19:
1055:
1034:
1015:
994:
969:
949:
937:. Retrieved
933:the original
927:
905:
893:
881:. Retrieved
876:
864:
837:
825:
792:
763:
715:
688:
683:, Map, p. 7.
676:
632:
587:
562:
540:
491:Bougainville
487:
467:
451:George Vasey
444:
439:Sirot Island
384:Port Moresby
377:
338:
330:
290:
231:
218:Bougainville
211:
187:
186:
124:World War II
110:Part of
18:
1011:Long, Gavin
830:Dexter 1961
785:Dexter 1961
756:Browne 2007
536:New Georgia
495:New Britain
402:), and the
320:and the US
250:Port Kembla
120:Engagements
39:, 1943–1944
1077:Categories
919:References
857:Keogh 1965
629:Commanders
526:, and the
380:secure Lae
310:New Guinea
254:First Army
207:New Guinea
154:commanders
147:Commanders
114:First Army
910:Long 1963
669:Citations
504:XIV Corps
388:Milne Bay
357:Ravenshoe
347:, on the
294:III Corps
246:Newcastle
104:divisions
65:Australia
48:1942–1945
1054:(2018).
1013:(1963).
993:(1965).
939:18 April
500:Torokina
408:Dobodura
369:Wondecla
326:Brisbane
304:and the
276:and the
188:II Corps
164:Insignia
102:Several
24:II Corps
1044:3134247
1025:1297619
1003:7185705
983:2028994
883:6 April
302:I Corps
298:Gayndah
262:Militia
228:History
203:Militia
190:was an
152:Notable
53:Country
1062:
1042:
1023:
1001:
981:
956:
530:, and
524:Emirau
272:, the
242:Sydney
80:
71:Branch
62:
45:Active
873:(PDF)
534:, on
532:Munda
520:Green
373:Kairi
195:corps
93:Corps
1060:ISBN
1040:OCLC
1021:OCLC
999:OCLC
979:OCLC
954:ISBN
941:2019
885:2019
514:and
512:15th
428:Buna
422:and
398:and
396:16th
371:and
363:and
99:Size
89:Type
545:'s
508:7th
420:5th
361:6th
314:Esk
308:to
1079::
973:.
875:.
849:^
804:^
775:^
748:^
727:^
700:^
522:,
510:,
493:,
430:.
328:.
280:.
268:,
224:.
209:.
1068:.
1046:.
1027:.
1005:.
985:.
962:.
943:.
887:.
248:–
244:–
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