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An image that is 2048 pixels in width and 1536 pixels in height has a total of 2048×1536 = 3,145,728 pixels or 3.1 megapixels. One could refer to it as 2048 by 1536 or a 3.1-megapixel image. The image would be a very low quality image (72ppi) if printed at about 28.5 inches wide, but a very good
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This is a list of traditional, analogue horizontal resolutions for various media. The list only includes popular formats, not rare formats, and all values are approximate, because the actual quality can vary machine-to-machine or tape-to-tape. For ease-of-comparison, all values are for the NTSC
300:
Below is an illustration of how the same image might appear at different pixel resolutions, if the pixels were poorly rendered as sharp squares (normally, a smooth image reconstruction from pixels would be preferred, but for illustration of pixels, the sharp squares make the point better).
154:
are often used, composed of a dark line and an adjacent light line; for example, a resolution of 10 lines per millimeter means 5 dark lines alternating with 5 light lines, or 5 line pairs per millimeter (5 LP/mm). Photographic lens are most often quoted in line pairs per millimeter.
436:, one often measures spatial resolution in data points per arcsecond subtended at the point of observation, because the physical distance between objects in the image depends on their distance away and this varies widely with the object of interest. On the other hand, in
146:. The term applies to digital images, film images, and other types of images. "Higher resolution" means more image detail. Image resolution can be measured in various ways. Resolution quantifies how close lines can be to each other and still be visibly
150:. Resolution units can be tied to physical sizes (e.g. lines per mm, lines per inch), to the overall size of a picture (lines per picture height, also known simply as lines, TV lines, or TVL), or to angular subtense. Instead of single lines,
440:, line or fringe resolution is the minimum separation detectable between adjacent parallel lines (e.g. between planes of atoms), whereas point resolution is instead the minimum separation between adjacent points that can be both detected
350:
Spatial resolution in radiology is the ability of the imaging modality to differentiate two objects. Low spatial resolution techniques will be unable to differentiate between two objects that are relatively close together.
444:
e.g. as adjacent columns of atoms, for instance. The former often helps one detect periodicity in specimens, whereas the latter (although more difficult to achieve) is key to visualizing how individual atoms interact.
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describes the fundamental limit on the maximum spatial resolution of information about a particle's coordinates imposed by the measurement or existence of information regarding its momentum to any degree of precision.
268:
An image of N pixels height by M pixels wide can have any resolution less than N lines per picture height, or N TV lines. But when the pixel counts are referred to as "resolution", the convention is to describe the
466:
Pixel encoding limits the information stored in a digital image, and the term color profile is used for digital images but other descriptors are used to reference the hardware capturing and displaying the images.
872:, including IMAX HD and OMNIMAX: approximately 10,000×7,000 (7,000 lines) resolution. It is about 70 MP, which is currently highest-resolution single-sensor digital cinema camera (as of January 2012).
285:, which can be calculated by multiplying pixel columns by pixel rows and dividing by one million. Other conventions include describing pixels per length unit or pixels per area unit, such as
306:
399:
The measure of how closely lines can be resolved in an image is called spatial resolution, and it depends on properties of the system creating the image, not just the pixel resolution in
558:
can be represented, at least in theory. In practice, the effective radiometric resolution is typically limited by the noise level, rather than by the number of bits of representation.
403:(ppi). For practical purposes the clarity of the image is decided by its spatial resolution, not the number of pixels in an image. In effect, spatial resolution is the number of
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Digital medium format camera – single, not combined one large digital sensor – 80 MP (starting from 2011, current as of 2013) – 10320 × 7752 or 10380 × 7816 (81.1 MP).
245:
field specify it should instead be called "Number of Total Pixels" in relation to image sensors, and as "Number of
Recorded Pixels" for what is fully captured. Hence,
261:
sensors that contribute to the final image (including pixels not in said image but nevertheless support the image filtering process), as opposed to the number of
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554:, for example 8 bits or 256 levels that is typical of computer image files. The higher the radiometric resolution, the better subtle differences of intensity or
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347:
The terms blurriness and sharpness are used for digital images but other descriptors are used to reference the hardware capturing and displaying the images.
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is the subject of much debate. Measured resolutions of negative film have ranged from 25–200 LP/mm, which equates to a range of 325 lines for
249:
calls for notation such as "Number of
Recorded Pixels 1000 × 1500". According to the same standards, the "Number of Effective Pixels" that an
1273:
Guideline for Noting
Digital Camera Specifications in Catalogs. "The term 'Resolution' shall not be used for the number of recorded pixels"
277:
numbers, where the first number is the number of pixel columns (width) and the second is the number of pixel rows (height), for example as
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This fundamental limitation can, in turn, be a factor in the maximum imaging resolution at subatomic scales, as can be encountered using
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In
Stereoscopic 3D images, spatial resolution could be defined as the spatial information recorded or captured by two viewpoints of a
107:
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429:(GSD) of an image, the pixel spacing on the Earth's surface, is typically considerably smaller than the resolvable spot size.
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image sensor is often a multiple of the number of pixels in the image it produces, because information from an array of color
79:
281:. Another popular convention is to cite resolution as the total number of pixels in the image, typically given as number of
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902:
states that 35 mm film has the equivalent of 6K resolution horizontally according to a Senior Vice
President of IMAX.
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Many cameras and displays offset the color components relative to each other or mix up temporal with spatial resolution:
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Spectral resolution is the ability to resolve spectral features and bands into their separate components.
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can resolve events at different points in time. The time resolution used for movies is usually 24 to 48
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The spatial resolution of consumer displays ranges from 50 to 800 pixel lines per inch. With scanners,
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is a classic test target used to determine spatial resolution of imaging sensors and imaging systems.
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system. (For PAL systems, replace 480 with 576.) Analog formats usually had less chroma resolution.
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1361:"/Film Interview: IMAX Executives Talk 'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire' and IMAX Misconceptions"
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Photography – Digital Still
Cameras – Guidelines for Reporting Pixel-Related Specifications
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is sometimes used to distinguish spatial resolution from the number of pixels per inch.
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is used to reconstruct the color of a single pixel. The image has to be interpolated or
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Sequences from newer films are scanned at 2,000, 4,000, or even 8,000 columns, called
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resolution determines how finely a system can represent or distinguish differences of
1242:, which typically limits the number of visible lines to 0.7x of the device resolution
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514:(frames/s), whereas high-speed cameras may resolve 50 to 300 frames/s, or even more.
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Understanding image sharpness part 1A: Resolution and MTF curves in film and lenses
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Temporal resolution (TR) is the precision of a measurement with respect to time.
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by measuring and storing more than the traditional 3 of common RGB color images.
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are true resolutions, but they are widely referred to as such; they serve as
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The resolution of digital cameras can be described in many different ways.
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193: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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than the one to the right, but is still of worse spatial resolution.
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is scanned for release on DVD at 1080 or 2000 lines as of 2005.
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26:"Hi-res" redirects here. For the London-based design firm, see
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720×576 or 1024 x 576: Widescreen DVD (anamorphic) (PAL/SECAM)
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700×480: Enhanced
Definition Betamax, Analog broadcast limit (
1321:"Kodak VISION3 500T Color Negative Film 5219 / 7219 / SO-219"
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1431:"Phase One IQ180 Digital Back: Tests and Reviews – DxOMark"
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quality (300ppi) image if printed at about 7 inches wide.
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1920×1080: HDV (miniDV), AVCHD, HD DVD, Blu-ray, HDCAM SR
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460×480: Betacam SP, Umatic SP, NTSC (Over-The-Air TV)
327:to produce all three colors for each output pixel.
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
866:, for quality visual-effects editing on computers.
482:can resolve even finer differences of spectrum or
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780:854×480: EDTV (Enhanced Definition Television)
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421:, spatial resolution is typically limited by
777:720×480: Widescreen DVD (anamorphic) (NTSC)
894:, to (theoretically) over 2300 lines for
532:
209:Learn how and when to remove this message
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
1401:"Leaf Aptus Medium Format Digital Backs"
353:
241:, though international standards in the
30:For the digital audio quality term, see
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489:
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330:
315:The number of photodiodes in a color
1225:High-resolution picture transmission
886:The actual resolution of 35 mm
191:adding citations to reliable sources
162:
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
1450:"Megapixel calculator – toolstudio"
1353:
1296:"Video resolution comparison chart"
13:
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1176:Modern digital camera resolutions
289:or per square inch. None of these
233:is often considered equivalent to
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734:768×576: Analog broadcast limit (
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519:Heisenberg uncertainty principle
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360:1951 USAF resolution test target
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1190:– also 41 MP (7712 × 5360)
474:distinguish light of different
178:needs additional citations for
52:needs additional citations for
16:Measure of how fine an image is
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1363:. Slash Film. December 2, 2013
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1338:An analysis of film resolution
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407:pixel values per unit length.
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1:
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799:, Digital Betacam (PAL/SECAM)
527:scanning electron microscopes
273:with the set of two positive
142:is the level of detail of an
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825:2048×1080: 2K Digital Cinema
7:
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822:1998×1080: 2K Flat (1.85:1)
562:Resolution in various media
389:Image at left has a higher
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1220:Multi-exposure HDR capture
1197:– 51 MP (8688 × 5792)
634:Narrowscreen 4:3 computer
571:Analogue and early digital
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25:
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888:original camera negatives
452:(left and right camera).
774:, Digital Betacam (NTSC)
704:420×480: Super Betamax,
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19:Not to be confused with
1283:ANSI/I3A IT10.7000–2004
1193:Digital still camera –
816:1440×1080: HDV (miniDV)
533:Radiometric resolution
427:ground sample distance
363:
357:
341:Further information:
297:on image resolution.
32:High-resolution audio
667:1024×768: XGA / EVGA
480:Multispectral images
257:has is the count of
187:improve this article
61:improve this article
898:shot on T-Max 100.
636:display resolutions
490:Temporal resolution
456:Spectral resolution
438:electron microscopy
1405:www.mamiyaleaf.com
1269:2017-02-02 at the
1210:Display resolution
1184:Nokia 808 PureView
852:16K Digital Cinema
592:color filter array
508:high-speed cameras
412:optical resolution
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337:Spatial resolution
331:Spatial resolution
76:"Image resolution"
21:Optical resolution
1474:Computer graphics
1350:, by Norman Koren
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840:4K Digital Cinema
805:1280×720: D-VHS,
512:frames per second
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1489:Data quality
1484:Data storage
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1413:. Retrieved
1409:the original
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1387:the original
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1367:December 17,
1365:. Retrieved
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1326:. July 2015.
1315:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:the original
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850:15360×8640:
680:CRT monitors
609:(Triangular
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556:reflectivity
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472:Color images
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465:
447:
441:
431:
416:
409:
404:
398:
390:
349:
346:
314:
310:
303:
299:
295:upper bounds
290:
278:
270:
267:
263:total pixels
262:
251:image sensor
247:CIPA DCG-001
230:
228:
220:
205:
196:
185:Please help
180:verification
177:
151:
147:
139:
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
1240:Kell factor
844:7680×4320:
838:4096×2160:
828:3840×2160:
544:Radiometric
539:Color depth
462:ICC profile
423:diffraction
405:independent
391:pixel count
279:7680 × 6876
225:Pixel count
1468:Categories
1415:2013-11-06
1383:"Phaseone"
1306:2016-01-15
1252:References
1051:9921×14008
1042:Paper size
881:35 mm film
496:Frame rate
484:wavelength
325:demosaiced
283:megapixels
231:resolution
152:line pairs
117:April 2023
87:newspapers
1135:1240×1748
1121:1748×2480
1107:2480×3508
1093:3508×4961
1079:4961×7016
1065:7016×9921
783:720×576:
762:720×480:
756:500×480:
750:352×240:
723:LaserDisc
715:Super VHS
713:580×480:
698:350×480:
684:333×480:
678:320×200:
663:Super VGA
661:800×600:
655:640×480:
649:640×350:
640:320×200:
548:intensity
434:astronomy
237:count in
229:The term
1267:Archived
1204:See also
1149:874×1240
1054:840×1186
846:8K UHDTV
830:4K UHDTV
797:Digital8
758:Digital8
752:Video CD
747:Digital
199:May 2021
148:resolved
1163:614×874
1138:105×148
1124:148×210
1110:210×297
1096:297×420
1082:420×594
1068:594×840
811:Blu-ray
706:Betacam
700:Betamax
675:Analog
590:(Bayer
476:spectra
275:integer
101:scholar
28:Hi-ReS!
1152:74×105
1035:Pixels
976:Pixels
964:352.8
917:Pixels
896:4-perf
892:2-perf
807:HD DVD
793:miniDV
772:miniDV
694:Umatic
690:Video8
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
1429:DxO.
1324:(PDF)
1166:52×74
942:84.7
931:31.8
907:Print
900:Kodak
877:Film
785:D-VHS
764:D-VHS
740:SECAM
259:pixel
235:pixel
159:Types
144:image
108:JSTOR
94:books
1369:2013
1023:100
1012:100
1001:100
998:1181
990:100
987:3150
961:1000
953:127
950:1000
939:1000
928:1000
870:IMAX
729:NTSC
642:MCGA
552:bits
517:The
506:and
358:The
80:news
1169:A8
1160:300
1155:A7
1146:300
1141:A6
1132:300
1127:A5
1118:300
1113:A4
1104:300
1099:A3
1090:300
1085:A2
1076:300
1071:A1
1062:300
1057:A0
1048:300
1032:PPI
1020:283
1009:787
1006:200
995:300
984:800
979:mm
973:PPI
947:200
936:300
925:800
920:mm
914:PPI
858:32K
789:DVD
768:DVD
736:PAL
719:Hi8
686:VHS
657:VGA
651:EGA
626:CRT
607:LCD
432:In
417:In
253:or
189:by
63:by
1470::
1452:.
1433:.
1403:.
1038:mm
1017:72
958:72
832:,
809:,
795:,
791:,
787:,
770:,
766:,
738:,
721:,
717:,
692:,
688:,
529:.
478:.
1456:.
1437:.
1418:.
1371:.
1309:.
742:)
731:)
613:)
594:)
212:)
206:(
201:)
197:(
183:.
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
23:.
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