264:, took shape, at first, from the attempt of the Holy See to keep up the succession of bishops in these dioceses, in the hope of reconquering their territory from the infidel. When all hope of such redemption was given up, these titles were still conferred on those who were chosen to assist the diocesan bishops in their labors. After the 14th century the large increase of population in the great centers rendered such assistance particularly necessary. In the 16th century the Holy See inaugurated the policy of consecrating
153:, Apostolic Administrator, Ordinary, Prefect Apostolic, territorial Abbot, Vicar Apostolic, or Prelate. The ecclesiastic may be in priestly or episcopal orders. In recent practice an Apostolic Administrator, Vicar Apostolic, or Prelate (in this precise sense) is often appointed (and consecrated) a bishop. If that happens he is assigned a titular see, in addition to his status as head of the territorial jurisdiction. the appointment as bishop is less likely in the case of a Superior of a Mission
597:
157:, or a Prefect Apostolic, but may happen, especially when a man who is already a bishop governing a particular jurisdiction is appointed cumulatively to govern one of these others. A particular territory may have its canonical status changed more than once, or may be united to a neighbouring territory or subdivided, according to developing circumstances. An example might be the uniting on November 30, 1987, of two Egyptian
201:
already had a residential bishop. In later days it was deemed fitting to preserve the memory of ancient
Christian churches which no longer existed; this was done by giving their names to auxiliary bishops or bishops in missionary countries. These bishops did not reside in the sees whose titles they bore, nor could they exercise any power over them, and are not entrusted with their care. They are therefore called
692:
401:. It began instead to treat as titular sees also those Catholic dioceses in any country no longer used as titles of diocesan bishops because of having been absorbed into other dioceses or having been renamed due to a change of the bishop's place of residence. (For example, several of the sees added by this change of policy are in the western and central United States, such as
172:
After a name change, an abandoned name may be 'restored' as a titular see, even though a residential successor see exist(ed). Furthermore, the
Catholic Church may create more than one titular see named after a single city, by creating one or more lines of apostolic succession assigned to the Latin
200:
bishops. Formerly, when bishops fled from invading
Muslims, they were welcomed by other churches, while preserving their titles and their rights to their own dioceses. They were entrusted with the administration of vacant sees of other dioceses, or with assisting in such government of a see which
121:
of the Middle East and North Africa, some bishops fled to
Christian-ruled areas. Even if they did not return and the Christian population of their dioceses dispersed, were killed or abandoned the Catholic faith, they continued to be seen as the bishops of those dioceses, who could give rise, even
144:
There are practical advantages in certain circumstances in not establishing a permanent diocese in a given territory, for reasons of the limited size of the
Catholic population, its lack of permanence, the likelihood of having to divide the jurisdiction in the near future, and so on. In these
227:
Although the normal constitution of the hierarchy has always been built on the idea of local jurisdiction of the bishops, there are indications, in the early history of the Church, of many who did not enjoy what is usually called ordinary jurisdiction. Besides those who were endowed with the
149:, an Apostolic Administration (permanently constituted), an Ordinariate, a Prefecture Apostolic, a territorial Abbey, a Vicariate Apostolic, or a Prelature. The ecclesiastic placed in charge of one of these jurisdictions has a corresponding title, such as Superior of a Mission
562:"Observations on the history of Northern Greece during the Turkish rule: historical and architectural description of the Turkish monuments of Komotini and Serres, their place in the development of Ottoman Turkish architecture and their present condition"
333:
and ordered that future appointments should be made as "titular bishops". The custom, when
Boudinhon wrote his article, was to join to the name of the see that of the district to which it formerly belonged, or else merely to say "titular bishop".
341:
published a very complete list of the titular sees and titular bishops. Although it did not claim to be perfect, it contained the names of the sees and the bishops who had held the titles as far back, in some cases, as the 14th century.
325:) people were injured by this appellation, saying to Leo XIII, "we are not infidels, we are Christians; we are Catholics." Leo XIII, through a Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith decree, in 1882, abolished the phrase
279:, in 1622, gave a great impetus to the missionary work of the Church in China and Japan, and elsewhere a great increase in the number of bishops became necessary and those received their titles from the ancient abandoned sees.
297:
began to have such a list, but it did not purport to be complete. On the contrary, it contained only those that were in general use. Names of dioceses disappeared and were listed again when the titles were actually assigned.
636:
Canon 348: Episcopi titulares nullam possunt exercere potestatem in sua dioecesi, cuius nec possessionem capiunt. Decet ex caritate, citra tamen obligationem, ut aliquando Missae sacrificium pro sua dioecesi
430:
by way of emeritate (sometimes with a 'promotion' from a suffragan see to an archiepiscopal titular see; however sometimes transferred to another during an incumbent emeritus bishop's life) and even to
165:, governed by Egypt's only Latin Ordinary at present. A different example would be the division, on 6 July 6, 1992, of the Ghanaian diocese of Accra, to separate from its territory the new diocese of
352:
Nuncios, apostolic delegates and other dignitaries of the Curia, unless they were already diocesan bishops, and under the 1920 custom they were, in that case, translated to titular archbishoprics.
268:
and other prelates, delegated to represent the Pope in his relations with the different nations, so that they would be equals with the diocesan bishops of the countries in which they were
454:, who was controversial for his positions on religious, political and social matters, refused to retire and become Bishop Emeritus of Évreux, he was transferred to the titular see of
439:
of the see that he held, and to a coadjutor bishop simply as coadjutor bishop of the see to which he has been appointed. This change too is reflected in editions of the
290:
with a separate six volume index. Moroni acknowledged the great difficulties in compiling this work, even after he thoroughly examined all the sources available to him.
505:(southern Italy), and gave rise in the 19th century to two separately 'restored' titular successor sees: a Latin titular archbishopric of Nazareth and a Maronite (
607:
828:
361:
Bishops who resign their dioceses, although this was not always done. Sometimes the Holy See refused to do so, and sometimes the bishops did not want it.
145:
circumstances the
Catholic Church establishes sometimes not a diocese but a canonical jurisdiction of another kind. This may be, for example, a Mission
224:
extended the privilege to all sees in which it had become customary to have auxiliary bishops. Since then the practice has become more widespread.
414:
Previously, titular sees were routinely (yet not always) assigned not only to auxiliary bishops, similar pseudo-diocesan offices and pre-diocesan
141:
are currently made on a regular basis, either above or below the titular see's rank, while titular sees have repeatedly been promoted or demoted.
137:" (lowest rank), which normally goes by the status conferred on the titular see (mostly corresponding to its historical rank), but exceptions
971:
276:
76:
443:
of the period, which include information on renunciation by retired and coadjutor bishops of titular sees to which they had been appointed.
405:.) The change of practice is reflected in the inclusion from then on of such sees in the official lists of titular sees in editions of the
133:
or hierarch of a
Catholic titular see may be styled a "Titular Metropolitan" (highest rank), "Titular Archbishop" (intermediary rank) or "
535:
966:
162:
498:
398:
402:
17:
252:
and belonging to the Latin Church, procured the erection of new dioceses for their benefit, and these in turn, during the
220:, in 1514; cardinals alone were authorized to ask for titular bishops to be appointed to assist them in their dioceses.
855:
435:. That practice was largely replaced for the last categories by the present one of referring to a retired bishop as a
228:
episcopal character, in order to assist the local bishops there were those who had been driven from their dioceses by
927:
882:
865:
427:
60:
of such a see may be styled a "titular metropolitan" (highest rank), "titular archbishop" (intermediary rank) or "
658:
Canon 376: Bishops to whom the care of some diocese is entrusted are called diocesan; others are called titular.
386:
893:
887:
Dictionnaire topographique du département de la Nièvre : comprenant les noms de lieu anciens et modernes
530:
112:
253:
486:
took
Bethlehem in 1187, the Bishop took up residence in 1223 in his property, which remained the seat of
467:
196:, meaning "in the lands of the unbelievers", to the name of the see conferred on titular (non-diocesan)
390:
130:
57:
470:, dying in the Holy Land in 1168, left the building known as the Hospital of Panthenor in the town of
561:
487:
39:
518:
394:
366:
84:
236:, or who for other reasons could not reside in the places to which they had been appointed. The
919:
The
Ecumenical Patriarchate: A History of Its Metropolitanates with Annotated Hierarch Catalogs
889:. Dictionnaire Topographique de la France (in French). Paris: Imprimerie Impériale. p. 14.
374:
241:
118:
68:
702:
961:
612:
217:
67:
Titular sees are dioceses that no longer functionally exist, often because the territory was
478:, together with some land, to the Bishops of Bethlehem, in case Bethlehem should fall under
256:, increased the number of abandoned sees. The final development of the list of sees, called
766:
Indice generale alfabetico delle materie del Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica
123:
451:
8:
407:
158:
88:
943:
509:) titular (Arch)bishopric of Nazareth, both suppressed only in the early 20th century.
370:
310:
173:
and/or one or more Eastern Catholic rites, which are not necessarily of the same rank.
860:(2nd rev. ed.). Woodbridge, Suffolk; Rochester, NY: Companion Guides. p. 4.
381:, ceased to make such appointments to sees that were historically part of the Eastern
923:
861:
809:
801:
770:
742:
714:
573:
491:
423:
100:
72:
797:
793:
649:
432:
419:
322:
216:
The regular appointment of titular bishops is said to date back to the time of the
764:
736:
917:
506:
471:
447:
436:
415:
237:
64:" (lowest rank), which normally goes by the status conferred on the titular see.
760:
732:
627:
540:
358:
Apostolic vicars and, sometimes, on Apostolic prefects in missionary countries.
283:
134:
96:
61:
35:
31:
244:
in Asia and Africa was responsible for hundreds of abandoned sees. During the
955:
947:
813:
805:
774:
746:
718:
696:
601:
577:
318:
169:. At the same date, the diocese of Accra became a Metropolitan Archdiocese.
49:
382:
378:
197:
92:
349:
Cardinals, who, being only priests, were promoted in Curia to be bishops.
221:
80:
209:
bishops, and the sees themselves are called titular sees, as opposed to
163:
Vicariate Apostolic of Alexandria of Egypt–Heliopolis of Egypt–Port Said
122:
after long interruption (exile and/or vacancy), to a 'restored' line of
377:, the Holy See, while continuing to appoint bishops to titular sees in
269:
902:, pp. 6, 26–28, 49–50, 93, 140–143, 153, 163, 167, 172, 193, 215.
282:
Only about 1850, was any attempt made to compile a list of such sees.
249:
248:, the Latins, who established new Christian communities, composed of
166:
600: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
502:
501:
first had two centuries of Metropolitan Archbishops of Nazareth in
475:
455:
314:
245:
233:
713:(3). Washington DC: The Catholic University Of America: 322–324.
695:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
483:
229:
56:
that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese". The
53:
829:"Mgr Jacques Gaillot à Rome : miséricorde jusqu'à Partenia"
479:
345:
Titular sees, according to Corrigan in 1920, were conferred on
265:
103:, in north Africa, was abandoned and swallowed by desert sand.
517:
The granting of titular sees is occasionally practised in the
83:
along with the town that shared its name was destroyed by the
91:
in 1207; the town and the see were under the control of the
792:(in French) (23rd ed.). Paris: La Bonne Presse. 1920.
286:
had already, in 1840, began publication of his 103 volume
161:, Heliopolis of Egypt and Port Said, to become the single
788:"Annuaire pontifical catholique. 23rd (Annee 1920)".
572:. Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies: 417.
309:. According to Corrigan, the story goes that King
616:. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
512:
953:
686:
591:
589:
587:
461:
738:Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
365:In the context of improved relations with the
288:Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica
853:
277:Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith
176:It was formerly the practice to add the term
79:also contributed to titular sees. The see of
40:Archbishop § Titular archiepiscopal sees
769:(in Italian). Venezia: Tipografia Emiliana.
741:(in Italian). Venezia: Tipografia Emiliana.
584:
663:
536:List of Catholic dioceses (structured view)
327:
303:
258:
186:
178:
880:
854:Speaight, Robert; Pagan, Francis (1996).
605:
77:Greek–Turkish population exchange of 1923
826:
703:"Titular sees of the American hierarchy"
700:
499:Roman Catholic Archbishopric of Nazareth
915:
899:
642:
301:Until 1882, these titles were given as
95:, which took Constantinople during the
14:
954:
827:Maillard, SĂ©bastien (31 August 2015).
972:Types of Roman Catholic organization
559:
881:Soultrait, Georges de, ed. (1865).
24:
759:
731:
106:
25:
983:
967:Episcopacy in the Catholic Church
937:
610:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
355:Coadjutors and Auxiliary bishops.
27:Episcopal see of a former diocese
690:
595:
490:for almost 600 years, until the
883:"Bethléem, Faubourg de Clamecy"
874:
857:The companion guide to Burgundy
847:
820:
790:Annuaire Pontifical Catholique
781:
753:
725:
707:The Catholic Historical Review
701:Corrigan, Owen B. (Oct 1920).
620:
553:
513:Eastern and Oriental Orthodoxy
339:Annuaire Pontifical Catholique
13:
1:
909:
546:
531:List of Catholic titular sees
521:and other Orthodox churches.
113:List of Catholic titular sees
606:Boudinhon, Auguste (1910). "
488:titular Bishops of Bethlehem
462:Crusader see-in-exile titles
254:growth of the Ottoman Empire
7:
916:Kiminas, Demetrius (2009).
524:
468:William IV, Count of Nevers
10:
988:
110:
48:in various churches is an
29:
944:List of all titular sees
403:Grass Valley, California
321:that he and his (mostly
798:2027/njp.32101055825242
367:Eastern Orthodox Church
205:bishops, as opposed to
922:. Wildside Press LLC.
608:In Partibus Infidelium
560:Kiel, Machiel (1971).
418:or (Eastern Catholic)
375:Second Vatican Council
329:in partibus infidelium
328:
305:in partibus infidelium
304:
275:The foundation of the
260:in partibus infidelium
259:
187:
180:in partibus infidelium
179:
18:In partibus infidelium
613:Catholic Encyclopedia
218:Fifth Lateran Council
184:, often shortened to
159:vicariates apostolic
124:apostolic succession
69:conquered by Muslims
58:ordinary or hierarch
650:"Code of Canon Law"
628:"Code of Canon Law"
441:Annuario Pontificio
408:Annuario Pontificio
295:Annuario Pontificio
634:(in Latin). 1917.
424:apostolic prefects
371:Oriental Orthodoxy
311:George I of Greece
946:by GCatholic.org
492:French Revolution
452:Diocese of Évreux
433:coadjutor bishops
420:apostolic exarchs
71:or because it is
16:(Redirected from
979:
933:
903:
897:
891:
890:
878:
872:
871:
851:
845:
844:
842:
840:
824:
818:
817:
785:
779:
778:
757:
751:
750:
729:
723:
722:
694:
693:
688:
661:
660:
646:
640:
639:
624:
618:
617:
599:
598:
593:
582:
581:
557:
450:, Bishop of the
416:apostolic vicars
331:
323:Eastern Orthodox
317:) complained to
307:
262:
242:Muslim conquests
190:
182:
119:Muslim conquests
21:
987:
986:
982:
981:
980:
978:
977:
976:
952:
951:
940:
930:
912:
907:
906:
898:
894:
879:
875:
868:
852:
848:
838:
836:
825:
821:
787:
786:
782:
761:Moroni, Gaetano
758:
754:
733:Moroni, Gaetano
730:
726:
691:
689:
664:
648:
647:
643:
626:
625:
621:
596:
594:
585:
558:
554:
549:
527:
515:
507:Antiochian Rite
482:control. After
464:
448:Jacques Gaillot
437:bishop emeritus
428:retired bishops
426:), but also to
238:spread of Islam
115:
109:
107:Catholic Church
81:Maximianoupolis
42:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
985:
975:
974:
969:
964:
950:
949:
939:
938:External links
936:
935:
934:
928:
911:
908:
905:
904:
892:
873:
866:
846:
819:
780:
752:
724:
662:
641:
619:
583:
566:Balkan Studies
551:
550:
548:
545:
544:
543:
541:Titular church
538:
533:
526:
523:
514:
511:
466:The crusading
463:
460:
446:In 1995, when
387:Constantinople
363:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
284:Gaetano Moroni
135:titular bishop
111:Main article:
108:
105:
97:Fourth Crusade
87:under Emperor
62:titular bishop
36:Titular church
32:Titular bishop
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
984:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
959:
957:
948:
945:
942:
941:
931:
929:9781434458766
925:
921:
920:
914:
913:
901:
896:
888:
884:
877:
869:
867:9781900639170
863:
859:
858:
850:
834:
830:
823:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
784:
776:
772:
768:
767:
762:
756:
748:
744:
740:
739:
734:
728:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
698:
697:public domain
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
659:
655:
651:
645:
638:
633:
629:
623:
615:
614:
609:
603:
602:public domain
592:
590:
588:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
556:
552:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
528:
522:
520:
510:
508:
504:
500:
495:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
459:
457:
453:
449:
444:
442:
438:
434:
429:
425:
421:
417:
412:
410:
409:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
383:patriarchates
380:
376:
372:
368:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
347:
346:
343:
340:
335:
332:
330:
324:
320:
319:Pope Leo XIII
316:
312:
308:
306:
299:
296:
293:In 1851, the
291:
289:
285:
280:
278:
273:
271:
267:
263:
261:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
225:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
199:
195:
191:
189:
183:
181:
174:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
142:
140:
136:
132:
127:
126:on each see.
125:
120:
114:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
65:
63:
59:
55:
51:
50:episcopal see
47:
41:
37:
33:
19:
962:Titular sees
918:
900:Kiminas 2009
895:
886:
876:
856:
849:
837:. Retrieved
832:
822:
789:
783:
765:
755:
737:
727:
710:
706:
657:
653:
644:
635:
632:IntraText CT
631:
622:
611:
569:
565:
555:
516:
496:
465:
445:
440:
413:
406:
379:North Africa
364:
344:
338:
336:
326:
302:
300:
294:
292:
287:
281:
274:
257:
226:
215:
210:
206:
202:
198:Latin Church
193:
185:
177:
175:
171:
154:
150:
146:
143:
138:
128:
116:
93:Latin Empire
66:
52:of a former
45:
43:
835:(in French)
654:The Vatican
270:ambassadors
222:Pope Pius V
211:residential
188:in partibus
117:During the
46:titular see
956:Categories
910:Literature
637:applicent.
547:References
391:Alexandria
373:after the
85:Bulgarians
73:schismatic
30:See also:
814:682872343
806:1153-7299
775:679335771
747:669675130
719:0008-8080
578:0005-4313
494:of 1789.
399:Jerusalem
250:Europeans
167:Koforidua
155:sui iuris
151:sui iuris
147:sui iuris
101:Parthenia
99:in 1204.
833:La Croix
656:. 1983.
525:See also
503:Barletta
476:Burgundy
456:Partenia
315:Lutheran
246:Crusades
240:through
234:heretics
230:infidels
207:diocesan
131:Ordinary
839:25 July
763:(ed.).
735:(ed.).
604::
519:Eastern
484:Saladin
472:Clamecy
395:Antioch
266:nuncios
203:titular
89:Kaloyan
54:diocese
926:
864:
812:
804:
773:
745:
717:
699::
576:
480:Muslim
397:, and
232:or by
213:sees.
194:i.p.i.
139:ad hoc
75:. The
38:, and
422:(not
924:ISBN
862:ISBN
841:2019
810:OCLC
802:ISSN
771:OCLC
743:OCLC
715:ISSN
574:ISSN
497:The
369:and
337:The
129:The
794:hdl
474:in
385:of
313:(a
192:or
958::
885:.
831:.
808:.
800:.
709:.
705:.
665:^
652:.
630:.
586:^
570:12
568:.
564:.
458:.
411:.
393:,
389:,
272:.
44:A
34:,
932:.
870:.
843:.
816:.
796::
777:.
749:.
721:.
711:6
580:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.