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585:"Information infrastructures can, as formative contexts, shape not only the work routines, but also the ways people look at practices, consider them 'natural' and give them their overarching character of necessity. Infrastructure becomes an essential factor shaping the taken-for-grantedness of organizational practices" (Ciborra and Hanseth 1998).
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systems, analyzed as socio-technical power structures (Bygstad, 2008). Information infrastructure are typically different from the previous generations of "large technological system" because these digital sociotechnical systems are considered generative, meaning they allow new users to connect with or even appropriate the system.
554:
solutions supporting local practices which subsequently are linked together rather than by defining universal standards and subsequently implementing them" (Ciborra and
Hanseth 1998). It has later been developed into a full design theory, focusing on the growth of an installed base (Hanseth and Lyytinen 2008).
553:
Information infrastructure, as a theory, has been used to frame a number of extensive case studies (Star and
Ruhleder 1996; Ciborra 2000; Hanseth and Ciborra 2007), and in particular to develop an alternative approach to IS design: "Infrastructures should rather be built by establishing working local
549:
The concept of information infrastructure (II) was introduced in the early 1990s, first as a political initiative (Gore, 1993 & Bangemann, 1994), later as a more specific concept in IS research. For the IS research community, an important inspiration was Hughes' (1983) accounts of large technical
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as excellent examples (Bygstad, 2008). Bowker has described several key terms and concepts that are enormously helpful for analyzing information infrastructure: imbrication, bootstrapping, figure/ground, and a short discussion of infrastructural inversion. "Imbrication" is an analytic concept that
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is defined by Ole
Hanseth (2002) as "a shared, evolving, open, standardized, and heterogeneous installed base" and by Pironti (2006) as all of the people, processes, procedures, tools, facilities, and technology which support the creation, use, transport, storage, and destruction of information.
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Borgman says governments, businesses, communities, and individuals can work together to create a global information infrastructure which links "the world's telecommunication and computer networks together" and would enable the transmission of "every conceivable information and communication
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argues information infrastructures, like all infrastructures, are "subject to public policy". In the United States, public policy defines information infrastructures as the "physical and cyber-based systems essential to the minimum operations of the economy and government" and connected by
542:(IS) field. It changed the perspective from organizations to networks and from systems to infrastructure, allowing for a global and emergent perspective on information systems. Information infrastructure is a technical structure of an organizational form, an analytical perspective or a
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was designed from June to
September 1995, and implemented in on 29 September 1995. The Initiative was "a five-year $ 15 million US Government effort to support sustainable development" by bringing "full Internet connectivity" to approximately 20 African nations.
946:
Johnson, Nathan R. (2012). "Information
Infrastructure as Rhetoric:Tools for Analysis". Poroi: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Rhetorical Analysis and Invention. 8 (1). doi:10.13008/2151-2957.1113.
591:"The set of organizational practices, technical infrastructure and social norms that collectively provide for the smooth operation of scientific work at a distance (Edwards et al. 2007).
1244:"Enhancing the Epistemological Project in the Rhetoric of Science: Information Infrastructure as Tool for Identifying Epistemological Commitments in Scientific and Technical Communities"
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JUHÁSZ, Lilla. The information strategy of the
European Union. In: PINTÉR, Róbert (Eds.). Information Society: From Theory to Political Practice. Budapest: Gondolat Kiadó, 2008, s. 132.
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Johnston, Donald B. Robert Fabian Keith L. Geurts Donald S. Hicks Andrew Huzar Norman D. Inkster Alan Jaffee Paul McLennan
Douglas J. Nash E. Michael Power Mark Stirling (2004).
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841:
588:"The technological and human components, networks, systems, and processes that contribute to the functioning of the health information system" (Braa et al. 2007).
821:"From systems and tools to networks and infrastructures – From design to cultivation. Towards a theory of ICT solutions and its design methodology implications
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In 1994, the
European Union proposed the European Information Infrastructure.: European Information Infrastructure has evolved furthermore thanks to
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in 1995. By 2000, "the commercial basis for Canada's information infrastructure" was established, and the government ended its role in the project.
51:
594:"A shared, evolving, heterogeneous installed base of IT capabilities developed on open and standardized interfaces" (Hanseth and Lyytinen 2008).
823:
956:
Star, Susan Leigh; Karen
Ruhleder (March 1996). "Steps Toward an Ecology of Infrastructure: Design and Access for Large Information Spaces".
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Information infrastructures include the
Internet, health systems and corporate systems. It is also consistent to include innovations such as
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The notion of information infrastructures, introduced in the 1990s and refined during the following decade, has proven quite fruitful to the
95:
1300:
17:
236:
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Bowker, Geoffrey C (1996). "The history of information infrastructures: The case of the international classification of diseases".
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Creating Sustainable Supply of Internet Services – help build the hardware and industry need for "full Internet connectivity".
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Telecommunications and Information Working Group (TEL) Program of Asian for Information and Communications Infrastructure.
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Enhancing Internet Use for Sustainable Development – improve the ability of African nations to use these infrastructures.
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Bygstad, Bendik (2008). "Information infrastructure as an organization: a critical realist view." Retrieved from
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Leland Initiative: Africa GII Gateway Project Project Description & Frequently Asked Questions
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in 1989 and the network connecting "all provincial nodes" was operational in 1990. The
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According to Star and Ruhleder, there are 8 dimensions of information infrastructures.
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Creating and Enabling Policy Environment – to "reduce barriers to open connectivity".
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Canadian Network for the Advancement of Research, Industry and Education(CANARIE)
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to help improve Africa's connection to the global information infrastructure.
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Currently, the Internet is the default global information infrastructure.
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http://heim.ifi.uio.no/~phddays/15thPhDDays/Documents/Paper_Bendik.pdf
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report and projects eEurope 2003+, eEurope 2005 and iIniciaive 2010.
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1000:"The premise and promise of a Global Information Infrastructure"
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902:"The Generative Mechanisms of Digital Infrastructure Evolution"
842:"Key Elements of a Threat and Vulnerability Management Program"
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Presidential Chair and Professor of Information Studies at the
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Critical Information Infrastructure Accountability in Canada
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1217:"Information Infrastructure as Rhetoric:Tools for Analysis"
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS AUDIT AND CONTROL Shyam ASSOCIATION
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was established in 1992 and CA*net was upgraded to a
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may be too technical for most readers to understand
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900:Henfridsson, Ola; Bygstad, Bendik (3 March 2013).
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703:National Information Infrastructure Act of 1993
570:helps to ask questions about historical data. "
1132:USAID Leland Initiative: Leland Activity Update
770:The initiative had three strategic objectives:
755:In 1995, American Vice President Al Gore asked
1063:Nets, Webs and the Information Infrastructure
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70:Learn how and when to remove this message
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52:make it understandable to non-experts
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705:National Information Infrastructure
666:Regional information infrastructure
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623:Links with conventions of practice
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1301:Telecommunications infrastructure
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1036:Global Information Infrastructure
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108:through a portion of the Internet
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632:Becomes visible upon breakdown
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324:Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
302:Transmission Control Protocol
1208:10.1016/0306-4573(95)00049-M
958:Information Systems Research
830:, accessed 21 September 2004
764:USAID Leland Initiative (LI)
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1242:Johnson, Nathan R. (2014).
1215:Johnson, Nathan R. (2012).
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282:Hypertext Transfer Protocol
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1060:Soriano, Edwin S. (2003).
918:10.25300/misq/2013/37.3.11
650:information technologies.
629:Built on an installed base
532:information infrastructure
270:Information infrastructure
18:Information Infrastructure
1161:"USAID Leland Initiative"
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717:National Research Council
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309:Internet service provider
819:Hanseth, Ole (2002). KD
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182:Right to Internet access
1276:USAID Leland Initiative
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1234:10.13008/2151-2957.1113
1167:. USAID. Archived from
1134:. USAID. Archived from
855:: 52–56. Archived from
840:Pironti, J. P. (2006).
731:connection in 1993 and
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626:Embodiment of standards
429:History of the Internet
292:Internet protocol suite
287:Internet exchange point
826:14 August 2018 at the
162:Freedom of information
970:10.1287/isre.7.1.111
647:Christine L. Borgman
212:Virtual volunteering
1017:10.5210/fm.v5i8.784
887:25 May 2013 at the
796:Information science
791:Data infrastructure
540:information systems
494:Internet portal
434:Oldest domain names
1171:on 29 October 2011
1138:on 29 October 2011
637:As a public policy
277:Domain Name System
167:Internet phenomena
1306:IT infrastructure
1101:978-0-662-38155-6
801:IT infrastructure
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297:Internet Protocol
207:Virtual community
104:visualization of
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102:Opte Project
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60:January 2018
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1254:(2): 1–18.
578:Definitions
202:Vigilantism
187:Slacktivism
1295:Categories
1227:(1): 1–3.
1188:References
1175:25 October
1142:25 October
1042:25 October
603:Dimensions
394:Television
314:IP address
225:Governance
132:Censorship
926:0276-7783
192:Sociology
142:Democracy
978:10520480
934:30831820
885:Archived
824:Archived
785:See also
598:Theories
563:LinkedIn
559:Facebook
439:Pioneers
389:Shopping
384:Podcasts
336:Services
127:Activism
88:Internet
1128:"USAID"
707:(NII).
567:MySpace
475:Outline
423:History
177:Privacy
157:Freedom
116:General
46:Please
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976:
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751:Africa
739:Europe
721:CA*net
711:Canada
456:Guides
409:search
122:Access
1281:ASEAN
1248:Poroi
1221:Poroi
1092:(PDF)
1067:(PDF)
1010:(8).
974:S2CID
930:S2CID
860:(PDF)
845:(PDF)
807:Notes
757:USAID
468:Index
374:Games
354:Email
342:Blogs
247:ICANN
197:Usage
1286:APEC
1177:2011
1144:2011
1096:ISBN
1044:2011
922:ISSN
868:2010
762:The
715:The
675:The
671:Asia
565:and
257:ISOC
252:IETF
242:IANA
1256:doi
1229:doi
1204:doi
1012:doi
966:doi
914:doi
530:An
359:Fax
237:NRO
232:IGF
100:An
50:to
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