8219:
can promote and organize victim participation. NGOs outwardly comment on the Court's operations, "push for expansion of its activities especially in the new justice areas of outreach in conflict areas, in victims' participation and reparations, and in upholding due-process standards and defense 'equality of arms' and so implicitly set an agenda for the future evolution of the ICC." The relatively uninterrupted progression of NGO involvement with the ICC may mean that NGOs have become repositories of more institutional historical knowledge about the ICC than its national representatives, and have greater expertise than some of the organization's employees themselves. While NGOs look to mold the ICC to satisfy the interests and priorities that they have worked for since the early 1990s, they unavoidably press against the limits imposed upon the ICC by the states that are members of the organization. NGOs can pursue their own mandates, irrespective of whether they are compatible with those of other NGOs, while the ICC must respond to the complexities of its own mandate as well as those of the states and NGOs.
1706:. The Statute originally provided that the Court could not exercise its jurisdiction over the crime of aggression until such time as the states parties agreed on a definition of the crime and set out the conditions under which it could be prosecuted. Such an amendment was adopted at the first review conference of the ICC in Kampala, Uganda, in June 2010. This amendment specified that the ICC would not be allowed to exercise jurisdiction of the crime of aggression until two further conditions had been satisfied: (1) the amendment has entered into force for 30 states parties and (2) on or after 1 January 2017, the Assembly of States Parties has voted in favor of allowing the Court to exercise jurisdiction. On 26 June 2016 the first condition was satisfied and the state parties voted in favor of allowing the Court to exercise jurisdiction on 14 December 2017. The Court's jurisdiction to prosecute crimes of aggression was accordingly activated on 17 July 2018.
1871:
punishment for a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court if that person: Commits such a crime, whether as an individual, jointly with another or through another person, regardless of whether that other person is criminally responsible; Orders, solicits or induces the commission of such a crime which in fact occurs or is attempted; For the purpose of facilitating the commission of such a crime, aids, abets or otherwise assists in its commission or its attempted commission, including providing the means for its commission; In any other way contributes to the commission or attempted commission of such a crime by a group of persons acting with a common purpose. In respect of the crime of genocide, directly and publicly incites others to commit genocide; Attempts to commit such a crime by taking action that commences its execution by means of a substantial step, but the crime does not occur because of circumstances independent of the person's intentions
8699:
2104:
8112:, which limit its functional independence. Article 13 allows the Security Council to refer to the Court situations that would not otherwise fall under the Court's jurisdiction (as it did in relation to the situations in Darfur and Libya, which the Court could not otherwise have prosecuted as neither Sudan nor Libya are state parties). Article 16 allows the Security Council to require the Court to defer from investigating a case for a period of twelve months. Such a deferral may be renewed indefinitely by the Security Council. This sort of an arrangement gives the ICC some of the advantages inhering in the organs of the United Nations such as using the enforcement powers of the Security Council, but it also creates a risk of being tainted with the political controversies of the Security Council.
3776:
examination by first considering whether the alleged crimes fall within the subject-matter jurisdiction of the Court (phase 2). If the Office is satisfied that all the jurisdictional requirements are met, it then focuses on issues of admissibility by considering complementarity and the gravity of the alleged crimes (phase 3). If there are no admissibility concerns, the Office then considers the interests of justice and decides whether or not to begin a formal investigation (phase 4). Once a formal investigation is opened, it is also processed through different phases. It is first processed through an "investigation phase" (phase 1), in which the Office determines the scope of its caseload, and then through a "prosecution phase" (phase 2), in which the Office completes the caseload.
8223:
a gap between the large human rights organizations and the smaller peace-oriented organizations, it is difficult for ICC officials to manage and gratify all of their NGOs. "ICC officials recognize that the NGOs pursue their own agendas, and that they will seek to pressure the ICC in the direction of their own priorities rather than necessarily understanding or being fully sympathetic to the myriad constraints and pressures under which the Court operates." Both the ICC and the NGO community avoid criticizing each other publicly or vehemently, although NGOs have released advisory and cautionary messages regarding the ICC. They avoid taking stances that could potentially give the Court's adversaries, particularly the U.S., more motive to berate the organization.
2311:
2332:
2626:
885:
1051:. The procedure is slightly different when referred by a state party or the Security Council, in which cases the prosecutor does not need authorization of the Pre-Trial Chamber to initiate the investigation. Where there is a reasonable basis to proceed, it is mandatory for the prosecutor to initiate an investigation. The factors listed in Article 53 considered for reasonable basis include whether the case would be admissible, and whether there are substantial reasons to believe that an investigation would not serve the interests of justice (the latter stipulates balancing against the gravity of the crime and the interests of the victims).
19052:
8786:
against the ICC prosecutor Fatou
Bensouda, and the ICC's head of Jurisdiction, Complementary, and Cooperation Division, Phakiso Mochochok, for an investigation into alleged war crimes by U.S. forces and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in Afghanistan since 2003. "The US government has reason to doubt the honesty of the ICC. The Department of Justice has received substantial credible information that raises serious concerns about a long history of financial corruption and malfeasance at the highest levels of the office of the prosecutor", Attorney General
15743:
imposing a sentence of imprisonment, the Court shall deduct the time, if any, previously spent in detention in accordance with an order of the Court. The Court may deduct any time otherwise spent in detention in connection with conduct underlying the crime." The Court's Trial
Chamber VI determined in its sentencing decision that the time since 22 March 2013 is to be deducted from the sentence. Thus, Bosco Ntaganda is to be released on or before 22 March 2043. Starting from 22 March 2013, two-thirds of thirty years (twenty years) will elapse on 22 March 2033.
155:
546:
2764:
1171:
8089:
8605:
1827:
date that the Rome
Statute entered into force. If a state became party to the Statute, and therefore a member of the Court, after 1 July 2002, then the Court cannot exercise jurisdiction prior to the membership date for certain cases. For example, if the Statute entered into force for a state on 1 January 2003, the Court could only exercise temporal jurisdiction over crimes that took place in that state or were committed by a national of that state on or after 1 January 2003.
8918:, reiterated that the ICC lacks checks and balances, exercises "jurisdiction over crimes that have disputed and ambiguous definitions", and has failed to "deter and punish atrocity crimes". The ICC, Bolton said, was "superfluous", given that "domestic judicial systems already hold American citizens to the highest legal and ethical standards". He added that the U.S. would do everything "to protect our citizens" should the ICC attempt to prosecute U.S. servicemen over alleged
8907:(ASPA), 116 Stat. 820. The ASPA authorizes the President of the United States to use "all means necessary and appropriate to bring about the release of any U.S. or allied personnel being detained or imprisoned by, on behalf of, or at the request of the International Criminal Court". This authorization has led the act to be nicknamed the "Hague Invasion Act", because the freeing of U.S. citizens by force might be possible only through military action.
8372:
169:
8275:
816:. The Review Conference led to the adoption of two resolutions that amended the crimes under the jurisdiction of the Court. Resolution 5 amended Article 8 on war crimes, criminalizing the use of certain kinds of weapons in non-international conflicts whose use was already forbidden in international conflicts. Resolution 6, pursuant to Article 5(2) of the Statute, provided the definition and a procedure for jurisdiction over the
1845:
applies regardless of the outcome of national proceedings. Even if an investigation is closed without any criminal charges being filed or if an accused person is acquitted by a national court, the Court will not prosecute an individual for the crime in question so long as it is satisfied that the national proceedings were legitimate. The application of the complementarity principle has recently come under theoretical scrutiny.
1235:
1142:, decides the Court's budget, adopts important texts (such as the Rules of Procedure and Evidence), and provides management oversight to the other organs of the Court. Article 46 of the Rome Statute allows the Assembly to remove from office a judge or prosecutor who "is found to have committed serious misconduct or a serious breach of his or her duties" or "is unable to exercise the functions required by this Statute".
18518:"Victor Tsilonis, "The Awakening Hypothesis of the Complementarity Principle", in C.D. Spinellis, Nikolaos Theodorakis, Emmanouil Billis, George Papadimitrakopoulos (eds.), Europe in Crisis: Crime, Criminal Justice and the Way Forward, Essays in Honour of Nestor Courakis, Volume II: Essays in English, French, German, and Italian, (Athens: Ant. N. Sakkoulas Publications), (2017), pp. 1257β1303"
8387:, only punishing leaders from small, weak states while ignoring crimes committed by richer and more powerful states. This sentiment has been expressed particularly by African leaders due to an alleged disproportionate focus of the Court on Africa, while it claims to have a global mandate. Until January 2016, all nine situations which the ICC had been investigating were in African countries.
1285:
office by an absolute majority of the states parties through a finding "to have committed serious misconduct or a serious breach of his or her duties" or is unable to exercise his or her functions. One critic said there are "insufficient checks and balances on the authority of the ICC prosecutor and judges" and "insufficient protection against politicized prosecutions or other abuses".
8730:), to signify the United States' opposition to any possible future jurisdiction of the court or its tribunals. The act gives the President the power to use "all means necessary and appropriate to bring about the release of any U.S. or allied personnel being detained or imprisoned by, on behalf of, or at the request of the International Criminal Court". During the administration of
1862:
there are substantial facts to warrant a prosecution and no other admissibility issues, the
Prosecutor must determine whether a prosecution would serve the interests of justice "taking into account all the circumstances, including the gravity of the crime, the interests of victims and the age or infirmity of the alleged perpetrator, and his or her role in the alleged crime".
8977:
result, the ICC has been used as a means of intervention in ongoing conflicts with the expectation that the indictments, arrests, and trials of elite perpetrators have deterrence and preventive effects for atrocity crimes. Despite these legitimate intentions and great expectations, there is little evidence of the efficacy of justice as a means to peace".
1216:
are not generally eligible for re-election. All judges must be nationals of states parties to the Rome
Statute, and no two judges may be nationals of the same state. They must be "persons of high moral character, impartiality and integrity who possess the qualifications required in their respective States for appointment to the highest judicial offices".
9850:
pressure have obliged the
Conference to by-pass very basic sovereign prerogatives to which we are entitled in drafting international conventions, in favour of finishing the work and achieving a Statute on a come-what-may basis. We continue to hope that the Court will indeed serve the lofty objectives for the attainment of which it is being established.
1714:." The Statute defines an "act of aggression" as "the use of armed force by a State against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of another State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Charter of the United Nations." The article also contains a list of seven acts of aggression, which are identical to those in
16896:
1220:
majority of the other judges. Judges may be removed from office if "found to have committed serious misconduct or a serious breach of his or her duties" or is unable to exercise his or her functions. The removal of a judge requires both a two-thirds majority of the other judges and a two-thirds majority of the states parties.
1985:. Reparations can include compensation, restitution and rehabilitation, but other forms of reparations may be appropriate for individual, collective or community victims. Article 79 of the Rome Statute establishes a Trust Fund to provide assistance before a reparation order to victims in a situation or to support
8133:
responsibilities to civil society. According to
Benjamin Schiff, "From the Statute Conference onward, the relationship between the ICC and the NGOs has probably been closer, more consistent, and more vital to the Court than have analogous relations between NGOs and any other international organization."
8211:, and they use the ASP meetings to press for decisions promoting their priorities. Many of these NGOs have reasonable access to important officials at the ICC because of their involvement during the Statute process. They are engaged in monitoring, commenting upon, and assisting in the ICC's activities.
9996:
15909:
imposing a sentence of imprisonment, the Court shall deduct the time, if any, previously spent in detention in accordance with an order of the Court. The Court may deduct any time otherwise spent in detention in connection with conduct underlying the crime." The Court's Trial
Chamber IX determined in
8222:
Another issue has been that NGOs possess "exaggerated senses of their ownership over the organization and, having been vital to and successful in promoting the Court, were not managing to redefine their roles to permit the Court its necessary independence." Additionally, because there does exist such
8214:
The ICC often depends on NGOs to interact with local populations. The
Registry Public Information Office personnel and Victims Participation and Reparations Section officials hold seminars for local leaders, professionals and the media to spread the word about the Court. These are the kinds of events
8115:
The Court cooperates with the UN in many different areas, including the exchange of information and logistical support. The Court reports to the UN each year on its activities, and some meetings of the
Assembly of States Parties are held at UN facilities. The relationship between the Court and the UN
2302:
The building has a compact footprint and consists of six connected building volumes with a garden motif. The tallest volume with a green façade, placed in the middle of the design, is the Court Tower that accommodates three courtrooms. The rest of the building's volumes accommodate the offices of the
1826:
Temporal jurisdiction is the time period over which the Court can exercise its powers. No statute of limitations applies to any of the crimes defined in the Statute. This is not completely retroactive. Individuals can only be prosecuted for crimes that took place on or after 1 July 2002, which is the
1778:
Article 70 criminalizes certain intentional acts which interfere with investigations and proceedings before the Court, including giving false testimony, presenting false evidence, corruptly influencing a witness or official of the Court, retaliating against an official of the Court, and soliciting or
1709:
The Statute, as amended, defines the crime of aggression as "the planning, preparation, initiation or execution, by a person in a position effectively to exercise control over or to direct the political or military action of a State, of an act of aggression which, by its character, gravity and scale,
1360:
The Policy Paper published in September 2016 announced that the ICC will focus on environmental crimes when selecting the cases. According to this document, the Office will give particular consideration to prosecuting Rome Statute crimes that are committed by means of, or that result in, "inter alia,
1284:
Any person being investigated or prosecuted may request the disqualification of a prosecutor from any case "in which their impartiality might reasonably be doubted on any ground".< Requests for the disqualification of prosecutors are decided by the Appeals Chamber. A prosecutor may be removed from
1258:
The Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) is responsible for conducting investigations and prosecutions. It is headed by the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, who is assisted by one or more Deputy Prosecutors. The Rome Statute provides that the Office of the Prosecutor shall act independently;
1215:
The Judicial Divisions consist of the 18 judges of the Court, organized into three chambersβthe Pre-Trial Chamber, Trial Chamber and Appeals Chamber β which carry out the judicial functions of the Court. Judges are elected to the Court by the Assembly of States Parties. They serve nine-year terms and
876:
and may exercise its jurisdiction only when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals. It lacks universal territorial jurisdiction and may only investigate and prosecute crimes committed within member states, crimes committed by nationals of member states, or crimes in situations
15908:
states that "hen the person has served two thirds of the sentence, or 25 years in the case of life imprisonment, the Court shall review the sentence to determine whether it should be reduced. Such a review shall not be conducted before that time." Article 78 (3) of the Rome Statute specifies that "n
15742:
states that "hen the person has served two thirds of the sentence, or 25 years in the case of life imprisonment, the Court shall review the sentence to determine whether it should be reduced. Such a review shall not be conducted before that time." Article 78 (3) of the Rome Statute specifies that "n
8514:
announced that it would leave the ICC, after the court began investigating political violence in that nation. In the two weeks that followed, South Africa and The Gambia also announced their intention to leave the court, with Kenya and Namibia reportedly also considering departure. All three nations
8497:
said the perceptions of the ICC as "unreasonable" led to the calling of the special AU summit on 13 October 2015. Botswana is a notable supporter of the ICC in Africa. At the summit, the AU did not endorse the proposal for a collective withdrawal from the ICC due to lack of support for the idea. The
8218:
NGOs are also "sources of criticism, exhortation and pressure upon" the ICC. The ICC heavily depends on NGOs for its operations. Although NGOs and states cannot directly impact the judicial nucleus of the organization, they can impart information on crimes, can help locate victims and witnesses, and
8202:
The NGOs that work under the CICC do not normally pursue agendas exclusive to the work of the Court, rather they may work for broader causes, such as general human rights issues, victims' rights, gender rights, rule of law, conflict mediation, and peace. The CICC coordinates their efforts to improve
3822:
Albania, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, New Zealand, Norway, the Netherlands,
2641:
To date, the Prosecutor has opened investigations in fourteen situations: Afghanistan; Burundi; two in the Central African Republic; CΓ΄te d'Ivoire; Darfur, Sudan; the Democratic Republic of the Congo; Georgia; Kenya; Libya; Mali; Uganda; Bangladesh/Myanmar, Palestine and Venezuela. Additionally, the
2059:
to human rights abusers as part of agreements to end conflict. Article 16 of the Rome Statute allows the Security Council to prevent the Court from investigating or prosecuting a case, and Article 53 allows the Prosecutor the discretion not to initiate an investigation if he or she believes that "an
1967:
that, it is hoped, will enable the ICC to not only bring criminals to justice but also help the victims themselves obtain some form of justice. Justice for victims before the ICC comprises both procedural and substantive justice, by allowing them to participate and present their views and interests,
1937:
To ensure "equality of arms" between defence and prosecution teams, the ICC has established an independent Office of Public Counsel for the Defence (OPCD) to provide logistical support, advice and information to defendants and their counsel. The OPCD also helps to safeguard the rights of the accused
1861:
The Prosecutor will initiate an investigation unless there are "substantial reasons to believe that an investigation would not serve the interests of justice" when "aking into account the gravity of the crime and the interests of victims". Furthermore, even if an investigation has been initiated and
1835:
To initiate an investigation, the Prosecutor must (1) have a "reasonable basis to believe that a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court has been or is being committed", (2) the investigation would be consistent with the principle of complementarity, and (3) the investigation serves the interests
1617:
Article 8 defines war crimes depending on whether an armed conflict is either international (which generally means it is fought between states) or non-international (which generally means that it is fought between non-state actors, such as rebel groups, or between a state and such non-state actors).
9849:
Israel has reluctantly cast a negative vote. It fails to comprehend why it has been considered necessary to insert into the list of the most heinous and grievous war crimes the action of transferring population into occupied territory. The exigencies of lack of time and intense political and public
8790:
stated. The ICC responded with a statement expressing "profound regret at the announcement of further threats and coercive actions." "These attacks constitute an escalation and an unacceptable attempt to interfere with the rule of law and the Court's judicial proceedings", the statement said. "They
8589:
announced on 14 March 2018 that the Philippines would start to submit plans to withdraw, completing the process on 17 March 2019. The ICC pointed out that it retained jurisdiction over the Philippines during the period when it was a state party to the Rome Statute, from November 2011 to March 2019.
2671:
was rendered in March 2016. Bemba was convicted on two counts of crimes against humanity and three counts of war crimes. This marked the first time the ICC convicted someone of sexual violence as they added rape to his conviction. Bemba's convictions were overturned by the Court's Appeal Chamber in
1808:
In situations that are referred to the Court by the United Nations Security Council, the territorial jurisdiction is defined by the Security Council, which may be more expansive than the Court's normal territorial jurisdiction. For example, if the Security Council refers a situation that took place
9028:
that violate international law. Supporters argue that corporations can and do commit human rights violations, such as war crimes linked to raw materials in conflict zones. Critics argue that prosecuting corporations would compromise the principle of complementarity, that it would give corporations
8689:
In advance of a visit by Putin to Mongolia on 3 September 2024, the ICC stated that Mongolia was obligated to place Putin under arrest. Following the visit and the refusal to arrest Putin, the Mongolia government said that the issue of energy relations is critical to the country and that "Mongolia
8502:
said: "We have rejected the double standard that the ICC is applying in dispensing international justice." Despite these calls, the ICC went ahead with requiring William Ruto to attend his trial. The UNSC was then asked to consider deferring the trials of Kenyatta and Ruto for a year, but this was
1870:
The Court has jurisdiction over natural persons. A person who commits a crime within the jurisdiction of the Court is individually responsible and liable for punishment in accordance with the Rome Statute. In accordance with the Rome Statute, a person shall be criminally responsible and liable for
1791:
For an individual to be prosecuted by the Court either territorial jurisdiction or personal jurisdiction must exist. Therefore, an individual can only be prosecuted if he or she has either (1) committed a crime within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court or (2) committed a crime while being a
720:
To consider major substantive issues in the draft statute, the General Assembly established the Ad Hoc Committee on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court, which met twice in 1995. After considering the Committee's report, the General Assembly created the Preparatory Committee on the
9011:
region. Moreover, following the threats of certain African states (initially Burundi, Gambia and South Africa) to withdraw their ratifications, Bensouda again referred to the principle of complementarity as a core principle of ICC's jurisdiction and has more extensively focused on the principle's
8836:
in New York City issued a preliminary injunction against the Trump administration from imposing criminal or civil penalties against ICC personnel and those who support the court's work, including the plaintiffs. The sanctions were subsequently lifted by the Biden administration Secretary of State
8785:
On 11 June 2020, the United States announced sanctions on officials and employees, as well as their families, involved in investigating alleged crimes against humanity committed by U.S. armed forces in Afghanistan. This move was widely criticized by human rights groups. The U.S. ordered sanctions
8124:
During the 1970s and 1980s, international human rights and humanitarian Nongovernmental Organizations (or NGOs) began to proliferate at exponential rates. Concurrently, the quest to find a way to punish international crimes shifted from being the exclusive responsibility of legal experts to being
2612:
The ICC is financed by contributions from the states parties. The amount payable by each state party is determined using the same method as the United Nations: each state's contribution is based on the country's capacity to pay, which reflects factors such as a national income and population. The
1971:
Article 43(6) establishes a Victims and Witnesses Unit to provide "protective measures and security arrangements, counseling and other appropriate assistance for witnesses, victims who appear before the Court, and others who are at risk on account of testimony given by such witnesses." Article 68
1817:
The personal jurisdiction of the Court extends to all natural persons who commit crimes, regardless of where they are located or where the crimes were committed, as long as those individuals are nationals of either (1) states that are party to the Rome Statute or (2) states that have accepted the
1328:
A Policy Paper is a document occasionally published by the Office of the Prosecutor which puts forth the considerations given to the topics the office focuses on, and often the criteria for case selection. While a policy paper does not give the Court jurisdiction over a new category of crimes, it
1946:
One of the great innovations of the Statute of the International Criminal Court and its Rules of Procedure and Evidence is the series of rights granted to victims. For the first time in the history of international criminal justice, victims have the possibility under the Statute to present their
1689:
Another 56 crimes defined by article 8: 35 apply to international armed conflicts and 21 to non-international armed conflicts. Such crimes include attacking civilians or civilian objects, attacking peacekeepers, causing excessive incidental death or damage, transferring populations into occupied
980:
to be the subject of an ICC arrest warrant. Although Russia withdrew its signature from the Rome Statute in 2016, and is thus not a participant in the ICC nor under its jurisdiction, Putin can be charged for actions against Ukraine, which is not a party but has accepted jurisdiction of the court
8963:
The International Criminal Court is often "critiqued for being selective, or imperialistic, or reflecting the geopolitical interests of powerful states," says Sarah Knuckey, a Columbia law professor. While many Western countries supported the arrest warrant for Russian President Putin, how they
3812:
The Prosecutor previously closed the preliminary examination of the situation on registered vessels of the Comoros, Greece and Cambodia on 6 November 2014, but reconsidered her decision following a request by the Pre-Trial Chamber on 29 November 2017 and revised the final decision on 2 December
2649:
57 people. Proceedings against 25 are ongoing: 20 are at large as fugitives and five are on trial. Proceedings against 32 have been completed: two are serving sentences, seven have finished sentences, four have been acquitted, seven have had the charges against them dismissed, four have had the
1844:
The principle of complementarity means the Court will only prosecute an individual if states are unwilling or unable to prosecute. Therefore, if legitimate national investigations or proceedings into crimes have taken place or are ongoing, the Court will not initiate proceedings. This principle
8976:
Research indicates that prosecutions of leaders who are culpable of international crimes in the ICC makes them less likely to peacefully step down, which can prolong conflicts and incentivize them to make continued use of mass violence. It is also argued that justice is a means to peace: "As a
8967:
Human Rights Watch (HRW) reported that the ICC's prosecutor team takes no account of the roles played by the government in the conflict of Uganda, Rwanda or Congo. This led to a flawed investigation, because the ICC did not reach the conclusion of its verdict after considering the governments'
8203:
the efficiency of NGOs' contributions to the Court and to pool their influence on major common issues. From the ICC side, it has been useful to have the CICC channel NGO contacts with the Court so that its officials do not have to interact individually with thousands of separate organizations.
1372:
The Registry is responsible for the non-judicial aspects of the administration and servicing of the Court. This includes, among other things, "the administration of legal aid matters, court management, victims and witnesses matters, defence counsel, detention unit, and the traditional services
1219:
The Prosecutor or any person being investigated or prosecuted may request the disqualification of a judge from "any case in which his or her impartiality might reasonably be doubted on any ground". Any request for the disqualification of a judge from a particular case is decided by an absolute
1787:
The Rome Statute requires that several criteria exist in a particular case before an individual can be prosecuted by the Court. The Statute contains three jurisdictional requirements and three admissibility requirements. All criteria must be met for a case to proceed. The three jurisdictional
3775:
The Office of the Prosecutor processes preliminary examinations through different phases. Every communication is first given an initial assessment to determine if it is sufficiently serious and if it falls within the Court's jurisdiction (phase 1). If it does, the Office begins a preliminary
1059:
The ICC is governed by the Assembly of States Parties, which is made up of the states that are party to the Rome Statute. The Assembly elects officials of the Court, approves its budget, and adopts amendments to the Rome Statute. The Court itself has four organs: the Presidency, the Judicial
8985:
That the ICC cannot mount successful cases without state cooperation is problematic for several reasons. It means that the ICC acts inconsistently in its selection of cases, is prevented from taking on hard cases and loses legitimacy. It also gives the ICC less deterrent value, as potential
8745:
was considerably more hostile to the Court, similar to the Bush administration threatening prosecution and financial sanctions on ICC judges and staff in U.S. courts as well as imposing visa bans in response to any investigation against American nationals in connection to alleged crimes and
8206:
NGOs have been crucial to the evolution of the ICC, as they assisted in the creation of the normative climate that urged states to seriously consider the Court's formation. Their legal experts helped shape the Statute, while their lobbying efforts built support for it. They advocate Statute
8999:
published his influential paper. No substantive research was made by other scholars on this issue for quite some time. In June 2017, Victor Tsilonis advanced the same criticism which is reinforced by events, practices of the Office of the Prosecutor and ICC cases in the Essays in Honour of
3844:
Argentina, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, and Peru jointly referred the situation in Venezuela I on 27 September 2018. Venezuela referred the situation in Venezuela II on 13 February 2020. In a statement, the Prosecutor noted that the two referrals "appear to overlap geographically and
1185:
is responsible for the proper administration of the Court (apart from the Office of the Prosecutor). It comprises the President and the First and Second Vice-Presidentsβthree judges of the Court who are elected to the Presidency by their fellow judges for a maximum of two three-year terms.
8132:
NGOs helped birth the ICC through advocacy and championing for the prosecution of perpetrators of crimes against humanity. NGOs closely monitor the organization's declarations and actions, ensuring that the work that is being executed on behalf of the ICC is fulfilling its objectives and
2039:) in relation to cooperation, some scholars have expressed their pessimism as to the possibility of ICC to obtain cooperation of non-party states. As for the actions that ICC can take toward non-party states that do not cooperate, the Rome Statute stipulates that the Court may inform the
2071:
from abusive regimes. By denying states the right to offer amnesty to human rights abusers, the International Criminal Court may make it more difficult to negotiate an end to conflict and a transition to democracy. For example, the outstanding arrest warrants for four leaders of the
8829:, stated that, as a result of sanctions against the chief prosecutor at the ICC, she herself risked having her family assets seized if she continued to work for children who are bought and sold by traffickers, killed, tortured, sexually abused and forced to become child soldiers.
2616:
The Court spent β¬80.5 million in 2007. The Assembly of States Parties approved a budget of β¬90.4 million for 2008, β¬101.2 million for 2009, and β¬141.6 million for 2017. As of April 2017, the ICC's staff consisted of 800 persons from approximately 100 states.
8994:
The fundamental principle of complementarity of the ICC Rome Statute is often taken for granted in the legal analysis of international criminal law and its jurisprudence. Initially the thorny issue of the actual application of the complementarity principle arose in 2008, when
8549:
reported in 2024 that Israel had conducted a nine year "war" against the ICC. During this time, Israeli intelligence agencies were used to "surveil, hack, pressure, smear and allegedly threaten senior ICC staff in an effort to derail the courtβs inquiries". During her term as
8390:
African critics have suggested the ICC is acting as a neo-colonial force seeking to further empower Western political and extractive interests in Africa.". Scholar Awol Allo has described the court's underlying problem that has led to these challenges with Africa as not overt
582:
in 1937, which resulted in the conclusion of the first convention stipulating the establishment of a permanent international court to try acts of international terrorism. The convention was signed by 13 states, but none ratified it and the convention never entered into force.
8410:(both charged before coming into office) led to the Kenyan parliament passing a motion calling for Kenya's withdrawal from the ICC, and the country called on the other 33 African states party to the ICC to withdraw their support, an issue which was discussed at a special
12464:
Global justice or global revenge? international criminal justice at the crossroads ; philosophical reflections on the principles of the international legal order published on the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of the foundation of the International Progress
1980:
Victims before the International Criminal Court can also claim reparations under Article 75 of the Rome Statute. Reparations can only be claimed when a defendant is convicted and at the discretion of the Court's judges. So far the Court has ordered reparations against
19109:
1125:
2030:
to conduct an investigation within its territory, and it seems that it is even more necessary for him to observe any reasonable conditions raised by that state, since such restrictions exist for states party to the Statute. Taking into account the experience of the
18620:
2293:
Demolition of the barracks started in November 2011 and was completed in August 2012. In October 2012 the tendering procedure for the General Contractor was completed and the combination Visser & Smit Bouw and Boele & van Eesteren ("Courtys") was selected.
1463:
The Court's subject-matter jurisdiction means the crimes for which individuals can be prosecuted. Individuals can only be prosecuted for crimes that are listed in the Statute. The primary crimes are listed in article 5 of the Statute and defined in later articles:
1972:
sets out procedures for the "Protection of the victims and witnesses and their participation in the proceedings." The Court has also established an Office of Public Counsel for Victims, to provide support and assistance to victims and their legal representatives.
1373:
provided by administrations in international organisations, such as finance, translation, building management, procurement and personnel". The Registry is headed by the Registrar, who is elected by the judges to a five-year term. As of April 2023 the Registrar is
8640:
and noted that Russia, like other countries which had not ratified the Rome Statute, did not recognise the jurisdiction of the ICC, saying "And accordingly, any decisions of this kind are null and void for the Russian Federation from the point of view of law."
10000:
15913:
that the time since 4 January 2015 is to be deducted from the sentence. Thus, Dominic Ongwen is to be released on or before 4 January 2040. Starting from 4 January 2015, two-thirds of twenty-five years (sixteen years, eight months) will elapse on 4 September
8883:
that contained the warning "Target Israel and we will target you. If you move forward β¦ we will move to end all American support for the ICC, sanction your employees and associates, and bar you and your families from the United States. You have been warned."
9015:
Some advocates have suggested that the ICC go "beyond complementarity" and systematically support national capacity for prosecutions. They argue that national prosecutions, where possible, are more cost-effective, preferable to victims and more sustainable.
16716:
18460:
3823:
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom jointly referred the situation in Ukraine on 2 March 2022. Following the start of the investigation, Japan and North Macedonia also referred the situation.
2076:
are regarded by some as an obstacle to ending the insurgency in Uganda. Czech politician Marek Benda argues that "the ICC as a deterrent will in our view only mean the worst dictators will try to retain power at all costs". The United Nations and the
8466:
to the court but to instead try her at home. Rwanda's ambassador to the African Union, Joseph Nsengimana, argued that "It is not only the case of Kenya. We have seen international justice become more and more a political matter." Ugandan President
15023:"Statement by ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC regarding the opening of the trial related to events of 28 September 2009 in Guinea, signature of Agreement with Transitional Government on complementarity and closure of the Preliminary Examination"
1099:
on 6 May 2002, Sudan on 26 August 2008, and Russia on 30 November 2016βhave informed the UN Secretary General that they no longer intend to become states parties and, as such, have no legal obligations arising from their signature of the Statute.
14587:"ICC Prosecutor, Mr Karim A. A. Khan QC, concludes the preliminary examination of the Situation in Colombia with a Cooperation Agreement with the Government charting the next stage in support of domestic efforts to advance transitional justice"
9004:. His paper essentially argues that the ΞlβSenussi case arguably is the first instance of the complementarity principle's actual implementation eleven whole years after the ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
8215:
that are often hosted or organized by local NGOs. Because there can be challenges with determining which of these NGOs are legitimate, CICC regional representatives often have the ability to help screen and identify trustworthy organizations.
1958:
The victim-based provisions within the Rome Statute provide victims with the opportunity to have their voices heard and to obtain, where appropriate, some form of reparation for their suffering. It is the aim of this attempted balance between
8900:
argues that there are "insufficient checks and balances on the authority of the ICC prosecutor and judges" and "insufficient protection against politicized prosecutions or other abuses". The current law in the United States on the ICC is the
1954:
Participation in the Court's proceedings will in most cases take place through a legal representative and will be conducted "in a manner which is not prejudicial or inconsistent with the rights of the accused and a fair and impartial trial".
1788:
requirements are (1) subject-matter jurisdiction (what acts constitute crimes), (2) territorial or personal jurisdiction (where the crimes were committed or who committed them), and (3) temporal jurisdiction (when the crimes were committed).
8140:
has served as a sort of umbrella for NGOs to coordinate with each other on similar objectives related to the ICC. The CICC has 2,500 member organizations in 150 countries. The original steering committee included representatives from the
17758:
2832:, Nigeria, Georgia, Honduras, South Korea, Ukraine and Venezuela. Preliminary investigations were closed in Gabon; Honduras; registered vessels of Comoros, Greece, and Cambodia; South Korea; and Colombia on events since 1 July 2002.
2005:
of the International Criminal Court to be of voluntary nature. States not acceded to the Rome Statute might still be subject to an obligation to cooperate with ICC in certain cases. When a case is referred to the ICC by the UN
1804:
of the Court includes the territory, registered vessels, and registered aircraft of states which have either (1) become party to the Rome Statute or (2) accepted the Court's jurisdiction by filing a declaration with the Court.
1532:
Article 7 defines crimes against humanity as acts "committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population, with knowledge of the attack". The article lists 16 such as individual crimes:
12122:
1930:, and establishes certain rights of the accused and persons during investigations. These include the right to be fully informed of the charges against them; the right to have a lawyer appointed, free of charge; the right to a
8954:
Concerning the independent Office of Public Counsel for the Defence (OPCD), Thomas Lubanga's defence team say they were given a smaller budget than the Prosecutor and that evidence and witness statements were slow to arrive.
19348:
8662:
criticized the ICC for not having what she called an "evenhanded approach" to all leaders responsible for violations of international law. South Africa, which failed in its obligation to arrest visiting Sudanese President
716:
In 1994, the ILC presented its final draft statute for the International Criminal Court to the General Assembly and recommended that a conference be convened to negotiate a treaty that would serve as the Court's statute.
4833:
Indicted but either charges not confirmed or withdrawn or proceedings terminated or acquitted. If charges were not confirmed or withdrawn or if proceedings were terminated, the Prosecutor may again prosecute with fresh
13743:
Programme budget for 2009, the Contingency Fund, the Working Capital Fund for 2009, scale of assessments for the apportionment of expenses of the International Criminal Court and financing appropriations for the year
8260:
in early 2017 ruled that the attempted withdrawal was unconstitutional, as it had not been agreed by Parliament, prompting the South African government to inform the UN that it was revoking its decision to withdraw.
2357:
The ICC's detention centre accommodates both those convicted by the court and serving sentences as well as those suspects detained pending the outcome of their trial. It comprises twelve cells on the premises of the
1900:, may reach a decision, which must include a full and reasoned statement. Trials are supposed to be public, but proceedings are often closed, and such exceptions to a public trial have not been enumerated in detail.
1315:
was selected in a secret ballot against three other candidates to serve as lead prosecutor as of 16 June 2021. As British barrister, Khan had headed the United Nations' special investigative team when it looked into
19234:
5040:
3933:
2908:
2801:
2772:
Official investigations (Uganda, DR Congo, Central African Republic I + II, Darfur (Sudan), Kenya, Libya, CΓ΄te d'Ivoire, Mali, Georgia, Burundi, Afghanistan, Palestine, Venezuela I, Bangladesh/Myanmar, Philippines,
8531:
ruled on 2 February 2017 that the South African government's notice to withdraw was unconstitutional and invalid. On 7 March 2017 the South African government formally revoked its intention to withdraw. The ruling
1119:
The Court's management oversight and legislative body, the Assembly of States Parties, consists of one representative from each state party. Each state party has one vote and "every effort" has to be made to reach
1094:
obliges these states to refrain from "acts which would defeat the object and purpose" of the treaty until they declare they do not intend to become a party to the treaty. Four signatory statesβIsrael in 2002, the
16706:
8476:
2672:
June 2018. The Court refused to compensate Bemba for losses suffered by him during his 10 years of imprisonment. It has been argued that this decision raises important questions about the court's present powers.
2010:
all UN member states are obliged to cooperate, since its decisions are binding for all of them. Also, there is an obligation to respect and ensure respect for international humanitarian law, which stems from the
18926:
18746:
1040:
The process to establish the court's jurisdiction may be "triggered" by any one of three possible sources: (1) a state party, (2) the Security Council or (3) a prosecutor. It is then up to the prosecutor acting
18444:
18921:
9061:
17320:
15289:
Notice of Prosecutor's Final Decision under rule 108(3), as revised and refiled in accordance with the Pre-Trial Chamber's request of 15 November 2018 and the Appeals Chamber's judgment of 2 September 2019"
13941:
9978:
8417:
Though the ICC has denied the charge of disproportionately targeting African leaders, and claims to stand up for victims wherever they may be, Kenya was not alone in criticising the ICC. Sudanese President
1950:
Participation before the Court may occur at various stages of proceedings and may take different forms, although it will be up to the judges to give directions as to the timing and manner of participation.
1809:
in the territory of a state that has both not become party to the Rome Statute and not lodged a declaration with the Court, the Court will still be able to prosecute crimes that occurred within that state.
3845:
temporally" but further noted that such a statement "should not prejudice a later determination on whether the referred scope of the two situations is sufficiently linked to constitute a single situation."
2282:
The land and financing for the new construction were provided by the Netherlands. In addition, the host state organised and financed the architectural design competition which started at the end of 2008.
11653:
cases are not the same, says Moreno-Ocampo. Arresting a head of state is more than a police matter. "You cannot say al-Bashir is in London, arrest him. You need a political agreement and a broad set of
8488:
1690:
territories, treacherously killing or wounding, denying quarter, pillaging, employing poison, using expanding bullets, rape and other forms of sexual violence, and conscripting or using child soldiers.
10676:
15402:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the preliminary examination of the Situation in Palestine, and seeking a ruling on the scope of the Court's territorial jurisdiction"
1818:
Court's jurisdiction by filing a declaration with the Court. As with territorial jurisdiction, the personal jurisdiction can be expanded by the Security Council if it refers a situation to the Court.
865:
and governing document. States which become party to the Rome Statute become members of the ICC, serving on the Assembly of States Parties, which administers the court. As of November 2023, there are
13695:
Programme budget for 2008, the Working Capital Fund for 2008, scale of assessments for the apportionment of expenses of the International Criminal Court and financing appropriations for the year 2008
12154:
10440:
16414:"Abadir M. Ibrahim, The International Criminal Court in Light of Controlling Factors of the Effectiveness of International Human Rights Mechanisms, 7 Eyes on the International Criminal Court (2011)"
19114:
17095:
8655:, "Yankees, hands off Putin!" calling the move evidence of Western "hysteria", and saying that "we regard any attacks on the President of the Russian Federation as aggression against our country".
8071:, "where the Pre-Trial Chamber declines to confirm a charge, the Prosecutor shall not be precluded from subsequently requesting its confirmation if the request is supported by additional evidence."
1938:
during the initial stages of an investigation. Thomas Lubanga's defence team said they were given a smaller budget than the Prosecutor and that evidence and witness statements were slow to arrive.
805:
8746:
atrocities perpetrated by the U.S. in Afghanistan. The threat included sanctions against any of over 120 countries which have ratified the Court for cooperating in the process. In November 2017,
14149:
12255:
11060:
15847:
8177:, to smaller, more local organizations focused on peace and justice missions. Many work closely with states, such as the International Criminal Law Network, founded and predominantly funded by
16998:
12090:
11991:
17206:
8399:. Another analysis suggests that African states are motivated by concerns over Africa's place in world order: the problem is the sovereign inequality displayed by the ICC prosecutor's focus.
1075:
1069:
866:
295:
173:
17768:
14768:
17236:
8926:
and the U.S. "will prosecute them in the U.S. criminal system. We will do the same for any company or state that assists an ICC investigation of Americans", Bolton said. He also criticized
8458:
and several other countries despite an outstanding ICC warrant for his arrest but was not arrested; he said that the charges against him are "exaggerated" and that the ICC was a part of a "
1280:
when the Pre-Trial Chamber authorises the prosecutor to open an investigation on the basis of information received from other sources, such as individuals or non-governmental organisations.
17719:
On Friday President George Bush signed into law the American Servicemembers Protection Act of 2002, which will supposedly protect U.S. servicemembers from the International Criminal Court.
17351:
8791:
are announced with the declared aim of influencing the actions of ICC officials in the context of the court's independent and objective investigations and impartial judicial proceedings."
17180:
13403:
17411:
13429:
15336:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Karim A.A. Khan QC, on the Situation in Ukraine: Additional Referrals from Japan and North Macedonia; Contact portal launched for provision of information"
1048:
17:
17154:
2246:
The Court moved into its first permanent premises in The Hague, located at Oude Waalsdorperweg 10, on 14 December 2015. Part of The Hague's International Zone, which also contains the
1997:
One of the principles of international law is that a treaty does not create either obligations or rights for third states without their consent, and this is also enshrined in the 1969
841:
The Registry is headed by the Registrar and is charged with managing all the administrative functions of the ICC, including the headquarters, detention unit, and public defense office.
19871:
19683:
15682:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, on the referral by the Democratic Republic of the Congo regarding the situation in its territory"
13986:
13275:
The legal relationship between the ICC and the Netherlands is governed by a headquarters agreement, which entered into force on 1 March 2008. (See International Criminal Court, 2008:
12834:
12112:
11783:
10871:
10826:
9150:
The International Criminal Court is sometimes abbreviated as ICCt to distinguish it from several other organisations abbreviated as ICC. The more common abbreviation ICC is used here.
8504:
17835:
8169:. Today, many of the NGOs with which the ICC cooperates are members of the CICC. These organizations come from a range of backgrounds, spanning from major international NGOs such as
16104:
12496:
11903:
11719:
11429:
17128:
19998:
16975:
16413:
16068:
13458:
8599:
8515:
cited the fact that all 39 people indicted by the court over its history by that date had been African and that the court has made no effort to investigate war crimes tied to the
8207:
ratification globally and work at expert and political levels within member states for passage of necessary domestic legislation. NGOs are greatly represented at meetings for the
7799:
958:
904:, a Congolese warlord accused of recruiting child soldiers; his subsequent conviction in 2012 was the first in the court's history. The Office of the Prosecutor has opened twelve
17471:
17262:
9048:
would have jurisdiction over corporations as well as governments. Supporters of criminalizing ecocide argue that it would shift the ICC's priorities away from Africa, since most
19762:
15380:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, on the Situation in the State of Palestine: receipt of a referral from five States Parties"
11511:
2716:
have been confirmed and he was sentenced to nine years in prison. On 25 November 2021, his sentence was commuted to 7 years in prison, and he was released on 18 September 2022.
1910:
and other indirect evidence is not generally prohibited, but it has been argued the court is guided by hearsay exceptions which are prominent in common law systems. There is no
12345:
2741:, filed an Article 15 communication with the ICC prosecutor's office urging an investigation into the killings and abductions, and the ICC confirmed the receipt of the filing.
1622:
of 1949, which only apply to international conflicts, and serious violations of article 3 common to the Geneva Conventions of 1949, which apply to non-international conflicts.
12233:
19269:
18313:
15099:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the preliminary examination of the situation in the Republic of Korea"
14540:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, announcing his decision to conclude the investigation phase in the Situation in Uganda"
11933:
10576:
2821:
624:
first recognised the need for a permanent international court to deal with atrocities of the kind prosecuted after World War II. At the request of the General Assembly, the
13072:
14656:"The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, announces conclusion of the investigation phase in the Situation in the Central African Republic"
2352:
1289:, chief ICC prosecutor, stressed in 2011 the importance of politics in prosecutions: "You cannot say al-Bashir is in London, arrest him. You need a political agreement."
19323:
14950:
9087:
4947:
4080:
3054:
2646:
911:
17289:
15584:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on opening a Preliminary Examination concerning the alleged deportation of the Rohingya people from Myanmar to Bangladesh"
13160:
11269:
1914:
or other means to compel witnesses to come before the court, although the court has some power to compel testimony of those who chose to come before it, such as fines.
783:
The first bench of 18 judges was elected by the Assembly of States Parties in February 2003. They were sworn in at the inaugural session of the Court on 11 March 2003.
19302:
19159:
16747:
13032:
3084:
2829:
17441:
743:
Finally, the General Assembly convened a conference in Rome in June 1998, with the aim of finalizing the treaty to serve as the Court's statute. On 17 July 1998, the
19574:
19229:
19154:
13513:
7718:
4525:
3140:
2793:
2370:
2032:
698:
17312:
8678:
In the months following the arrest warrant for Putin being issued, Russia issued warrants for the arrest of multiple ICC officials, including the court's president
2026:
In relation to cooperation in investigation and evidence gathering, it is implied from the Rome Statute that the consent of a non-party state is a prerequisite for
19896:
18561:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, regarding the situation in the KasaΓ― provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo"
15168:
13832:
9982:
9894:
9862:
2381:
The ICC maintains a liaison office in New York and field offices in places where it conducts its activities. As of 18 October 2007, the Court had field offices in
977:
973:
15045:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the preliminary examination into the situation in Honduras"
12179:
2734:, including allegations of genocide. In December 2020, ICC prosecutors rejected the complaint, stating that the ICC did not have jurisdictional basis to proceed.
19609:
19284:
19264:
10644:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC: Applications for arrest warrants in the situation in the State of Palestine | International Criminal Court"
8852:
7773:
7738:
4640:
4564:
3619:
3508:
2825:
2817:
18587:"Beyond Complementarity: The International Criminal Court and National Prosecutions, A View from Haiti - Columbia Human Rights Law Review, Vol. 32, No. 1, 2000"
18095:
16486:
15540:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Mrs Fatou Bensouda, on the referral by Venezuela regarding the situation in its own territory"
14863:"Statement of ICC Deputy Prosecutor, Nazhat Shameem Khan, announcing her decision to conclude the investigation phase of the Situation in the Republic of Kenya"
2788:
Closed preliminary examinations that have not resulted in an investigation (Colombia, Iraq, Honduras, South Korea, Comoros (registered vessels), Gabon, Bolivia)
2290:
were ultimately selected to design the new premises since its design met all the ICC criteria, such as design quality, sustainability, functionality and costs.
19676:
18881:
15358:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Karim A.A. Khan QC, on the Situation in Ukraine: Receipt of Referrals from 39 States Parties and the Opening of an Investigation"
12024:
16770:
15401:
8782:. In 2020, overturning the previous decision not to proceed, senior judges at the ICC authorized an investigation into the alleged war crimes in Afghanistan.
20031:
19279:
19244:
19028:
17670:
15562:"ICC Prosecutor, Mr Karim A.A. Khan QC, opens an investigation into the Situation in Venezuela and concludes Memorandum of Understanding with the Government"
15313:
15022:
14655:
14222:
14110:
12144:
9698:
9040:
Despite its lack of jurisdiction, the ICC announced in 2016 that it would prioritize criminal cases linked to land grabbing, illegal resource extraction, or
8142:
7793:
7580:
4679:
4408:
3475:
3196:
18771:
17973:
16806:. Routledge studies in peace, conflict and security in Africa (First issued in paperback ed.). London New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
15379:
14375:
10454:
1892:
judicial system, but it has been argued the procedural orientation and character of the court is still evolving. A majority of the three judges present, as
20124:
19851:
19752:
19401:
19274:
19239:
17087:
17068:
16949:
16471:
16376:
15215:
14928:
13634:
13594:
13220:
12957:
12787:
10471:
8964:
respond to the warrant against Israel's Netanyahu will be "a test of the genuineness of their commitment to international justice for all", she continued.
6044:
5491:
3984:
2969:
2813:
2797:
18560:
16400:
15583:
15335:
14837:
14539:
14197:
13539:
13276:
8503:
rejected. In November, the ICC's Assembly of State Parties responded to Kenya's calls for an exemption for sitting heads of state by agreeing to consider
8498:
summit concluded that serving heads of state should not be put on trial and that the Kenyan cases should be deferred. Ethiopian formerly Foreign Minister
1145:
The states parties cannot interfere with the judicial functions of the Court. Disputes concerning individual cases are settled by the Judicial Divisions.
19856:
19358:
19318:
19254:
19249:
15044:
12802:
11408:
10382:
6766:
6373:
4201:
4150:
3358:
3168:
2809:
2805:
2154:
16388:
15561:
15492:
15237:
13668:
12971:
10602:
9007:
On the other hand, in 2017, Chief Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda invoked the principle of complementarity in the situation between Russia and Georgia in the
3785:
The preliminary examination of the situation in Iraq / the United Kingdom was initially closed on 9 February 2006, but was reopened on 13 May 2014.
1329:
promises what the Office of Prosecutor will consider when selecting cases in the upcoming term of service. OTP's policy papers are subject to revision.
774:
Israel's opposition to the treaty stemmed from the inclusion in the list of war crimes "the action of transferring population into occupied territory".
20699:
19793:
19363:
19259:
16260:
15539:
15357:
15098:
14133:
12251:
11050:
9139:
The official languages of the ICC are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish and the working languages are currently English and French.
8711:
7124:
4292:
3388:
1500:, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group." There are five such acts which constitute crimes of genocide under article 6:
1096:
16200:
15837:
15681:
10643:
10224:
8825:, violating their right to free speech and impeding their work in trying to obtain justice on behalf of victims of war crimes. One of the plaintiffs,
8181:
municipality and the Dutch Ministries of Defense and Foreign Affairs. The CICC also claims organizations that are themselves federations, such as the
20689:
20209:
19669:
19194:
19189:
19184:
19179:
19174:
19169:
19164:
19149:
19144:
19139:
18220:
16994:
14929:"The Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Karim A.A. Khan KC, announces conclusion of the investigation phase in the Situation in Georgia"
12080:
11981:
10797:
The sum of (a) states parties, (b) signatories and (c) non-signatory United Nations member states is 195. This number is two more than the number of
9033:
has argued that jurisdiction of corporations under international law should be limited to international crimes, while NicolΓ‘s Carrillo-Santarelli of
17202:
15423:
15314:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, on opening a second investigation in the Central African Republic"
14862:
14586:
13799:
12663:
2642:
Office of the Prosecutor is conducting preliminary examinations in six situations: Colombia; Guinea; Nigeria; the Philippines; Ukraine and Bolivia.
2274:, a former military barracks, adjacent to the dune landscape on the northern edge of the city. The ICC's detention centre is a short distance away.
20577:
19901:
19569:
18035:
12387:
12197:
12057:
9092:
8879:
against the ICC. Prior to the issuing of the ICC's arrest warrant for Netanyahu, a group of US Republican senators sent a letter to ICC prosecutor
8182:
2664:
were tried by the ICC. Lubanga and Katanga were convicted and sentenced to 14 and 12 years imprisonment, respectively, whereas Chui was acquitted.
854:
744:
613:
17343:
17228:
15121:"In Swift, Decisive Action, Security Council Imposes Tough Measures on Libyan Regime, Adopting Resolution 1970 in Wake of Crackdown on Protesters"
14906:
9579:
838:
The Office of the Prosecutor is headed by the Prosecutor, who investigates crimes and initiates criminal proceedings before the Judicial Division.
20684:
18990:
18985:
18980:
18975:
18959:
18055:
17626:
14471:
Decision Pursuant to Article 15 of the Rome Statute on the Authorisation of an Investigation into the Situation in the Republic of CΓ΄te d'Ivoire"
14325:
13348:
12807:
11873:
11700:
11489:
11126:
10944:
10906:
10524:
10092:
1715:
17607:
17176:
14422:
10114:
20172:
19599:
19353:
19294:
19200:
19130:
18670:
18115:
17403:
16550:
15193:
14444:
14007:
13425:
13399:
11843:
11813:
11433:
10411:
8775:
8698:
8551:
8137:
3794:
A new preliminary investigation of the situation in Palestine was opened on 16 January 2015 and proceeded to a full investigation 3 March 2021.
2064:
has said that "some limited amnesties may be compatible" with a country's obligations genuinely to investigate or prosecute under the Statute.
1229:
1165:
733:
15514:
14517:
12617:
The rights of persons during an investigation are provided in Article 55. Rights of the accused are provided in Part 6, especially Article 67.
1663:
Seven crimes constitute serious violations of article 3 common to the Geneva Conventions and apply only to non-international armed conflicts:
1086:
were member states, but later withdrew effective 27 October 2017 and 17 March 2019, respectively. A further 31 countries have signed but not
780:
Following 60 ratifications, the Rome Statute entered into force on 1 July 2002 and the International Criminal Court was formally established.
20152:
19866:
19798:
18153:
17150:
15951:[Bemba et al. case: ICC Appeals Chamber confirms re-sentencing decision ICC press release. Released 27 November 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
8637:
8292:
1755:
The use of armed forces which are within the territory of another state by agreement, but in contravention of the conditions of the agreement
1182:
529:. Some governments have refused to recognise the court's assertion of jurisdiction, with other civil groups also accusing the court of bias,
17494:
13322:
12827:
11775:
10863:
10834:
8188:
CICC members subscribe to three principles that permit them to work under the umbrella of the CICC, so long as their objectives match them:
18135:
17021:
16518:
13572:
12215:
8339:
4852:
Trial Chambers currently in charge; once proceedings have moved to the Appeals Chamber, the Trial Chamber designation will be removed here.
1135:, and may also hold special sessions where circumstances require. Sessions are open to observer states and non-governmental organizations.
16309:
International Criminal Court's investigation into Alleged crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in Afghanistan since 1 May 2003
14350:
12489:
11895:
11515:
20704:
19221:
19051:
19010:
17900:
17704:""Hague Invasion Act": Bush Signs a New Law Designed to Intimidate Countries That Ratify the Treaty for the International Criminal Court"
17118:
16831:
12851:
11152:
10442:
Statement by Prosecutor Karim A. A. Khan KC on the issuance of arrest warrants against President Vladimir Putin and Ms Maria Lvova-Belova
9238:
9066:
8903:
8723:
8311:
2758:
2286:
Three architects were chosen by an international jury from a total of 171 applicants to enter into further negotiations. The Danish firm
905:
16979:
16420:
13707:
8794:
On 30 September 2020, prominent United States human rights lawyers announced that they would sue Trump and his Administrationβincluding
1111:, are critical of the Court. Ukraine, a non-ratifying signatory, has accepted the Court's jurisdiction for a period starting in 2013.
20167:
19931:
19891:
19579:
19135:
19016:
18874:
17463:
17258:
13451:
11752:
1210:
706:
20694:
20229:
20024:
19955:
19916:
19818:
19466:
18747:"Including Corporate Criminal Liability for International Crimes in the Business and Human Rights Treaty: Necessary but Insufficient"
15905:
15739:
14743:
12338:
10767:
8915:
18726:
Kyriakakis, Joanna (1 June 2007). "Corporations and the International Criminal Court: The Complementarity Objection Stripped Bare".
17575:
17519:
17381:
14608:
14400:
13113:
8690:
has always maintained a policy of neutrality in all its diplomatic relations, as demonstrated in our statements of record to date."
8318:
20572:
19993:
19394:
13028:
12979:
12628:
12237:
9926:
2078:
1998:
1091:
18006:
13135:
11925:
9844:
8671:
in Durban. On 19 July 2023, South Africa announced that "by mutual agreement" Putin would not attend the summit. Foreign Minister
2373:
were held in the same prison and shared some facilities, like the fitness room, but had no contact with suspects held by the ICC.
20337:
20332:
20327:
20259:
20064:
19813:
18275:
16449:
16331:
14304:"Statement of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, concerning referral from the Gabonese Republic"
13918:
13612:
10022:
1008:
On 20 May 2024, the ICC's Chief Prosecutor Karim Khan announced his intention to seek arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister
15764:
14815:
14171:
13076:
10472:"Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova"
8844:
In 2023, the Biden administration welcomed the issuing of an ICC arrest warrant for Russian President Vladimir Putin. President
2043:
or Security Council, when the matter was referred by it, when non-party state refuses to cooperate after it has entered into an
20592:
18696:
16212:
12917:
12712:
8885:
6761:
3832:
Following the start of the investigation, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Comoros, Djibouti, and South Africa also referred the situation.
18840:
18321:
18175:
17285:
16377:
Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova
15776:
10194:
8325:
549:
The premises of the International Criminal Court in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICC moved into this building in December 2015.
20679:
20202:
19803:
19767:
19022:
18867:
18354:
17950:
16927:
16811:
16683:
15777:
ICC Presidency approves the prosecution of Mr Germain Katanga by national authorities of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
14984:
13970:
13749:
13260:
13023:
12542:
12472:
12446:
12311:
10715:
10326:
10178:
10153:
9961:
9814:
9682:
9657:
9350:
9325:
6290:
At large under warrant of arrest, previously appeared voluntarily, charges confirmed, trial before Trial Chamber IV to begin
2613:
maximum amount a single country can pay in any year is limited to 22% of the Court's budget; Japan paid this amount in 2008.
1247:
982:
736:(CICC). In January 1998, the Bureau and coordinators of the Preparatory Committee convened for an Inter-Sessional meeting in
675:
17593:
16739:
16322:"ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I issues its decision on the Prosecutor's request related to territorial jurisdiction over Palestine"
15627:
15073:
13015:
12888:
12685:
11028:
8051:) and of the initial appearance are given. In case of a summons to appear, only the date of the initial appearance is given.
2828:. Additionally, the Office of the Prosecutor conducted preliminary examinations in situations in Bolivia, Colombia, Guinea,
2081:
maintain that granting amnesty to those accused of war crimes and other serious crimes is a violation of international law.
985:
retaliated by placing several ICC officials on its wanted list. In March 2024, the ICC issued two more arrest warrants, for
747:
was adopted by a vote of 120 to seven, with 21 countries abstaining. The seven countries that voted against the treaty were
20597:
20587:
20046:
20017:
19921:
19823:
19747:
17433:
16401:
Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu and Valery Vasilyevich Gerasimov
14677:
10056:
9533:
9260:
2749:
during Israel's bombardment, as well as an Israeli journalist killed during a surprise attack by Hamas in southern Israel.
18803:"Lawyers Are Working to Put 'Ecocide' on Par with War Crimes. Could an International Law Hold Major Polluters to Account?"
18382:(12 February 2015). "The Role of Domestic Opposition and International Justice Regimes in Peaceful Transitions of Power".
15493:"Statement of the Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on her request to open an investigation of the Situation in the Philippines"
15467:
13517:
10968:
10625:
10603:"Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Sergei Ivanovich Kobylash and Viktor Nikolayevich Sokolov"
9639:
828:
The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor and the Registry.
20582:
20435:
20425:
19772:
19387:
19368:
16261:
Situation in CAR II: ICC Pre-Trial Chamber II issues public redacted version of Arrest Warrant for Mahamat Nouradine Adam
15216:"ICC Prosecutor opens investigation into war crimes in Mali: 'The legal requirements have been met. We will investigate'"
11550:
8683:
8479:: "The manner in which the ICC has been operating has left a very bad impression in Africa. It is totally unacceptable."
8307:
8146:
2103:
1361:
the destruction of the environment, the illegal exploitation of natural resources or the illegal dispossession of land".
16880:
16389:
Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Sergei Ivanovich Kobylash and Viktor Nikolayevich Sokolov
14884:
9901:
9869:
9787:
9476:
2339:
Until late 2015, the ICC was housed in interim premises in The Hague provided by the Netherlands. Formerly belonging to
20352:
20342:
20084:
19696:
19436:
19104:
15238:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on the Situation on registered vessels of the Union of the Comoros et al"
14630:
12765:
9810:
8751:
8520:
8249:
8162:
8154:
3856:
Summary of investigations and prosecutions by the International Criminal Court (not including reparations proceedings)
1853:
The Court will only initiate proceedings if a crime is of "sufficient gravity to justify further action by the Court".
1029:
725:
15973:
Kushayb case: Pre-Trial Chamber II makes public a second warrant of arrest and schedules a first appearance on 15 June
9446:
8986:
perpetrators of war crimes know that they can avoid ICC judgment by taking over government and refusing to cooperate.
1618:
In total there are 74 war crimes listed in article 8. The most serious crimes constitute either grave breaches of the
1550:
20648:
20602:
20279:
19926:
19876:
19724:
19700:
18697:"Corporate War Criminals and the International Criminal Court: Blood and Profits in the Democratic Republic of Congo"
18445:"Last week, the International Criminal Court convicted a war criminal. And that revealed one of the ICC's weaknesses"
17052:
16890:
16493:
12882:
11023:
10998:
8922:. In that event, ICC judges and prosecutors would be barred from entering the U.S., their funds in the U.S. would be
8919:
8897:
8358:
1906:
proceedings are allowed for protection of witnesses or defendants as well as for confidential or sensitive evidence.
713:. The creation of these tribunals further highlighted to many the need for a permanent international criminal court.
16176:
14518:"ICC - Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court opens an investigation into Nothern [sic] Uganda"
13170:
12013:
11584:
11203:
682:, revived the idea of a permanent international criminal court by proposing the creation of tribunal to address the
20195:
16780:
14561:
13484:
13296:
12734:
9616:
8810:
5035:
1625:
Eleven crimes constitute grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions and apply only to international armed conflicts:
951:
18521:
18201:
16853:
16626:
14495:
13185:
12412:
10677:"ICC chief prosecutor seeks arrest warrants for Netanyahu and Hamas leader over alleged war crimes β live updates"
9705:
1156:
The Court has four organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Division, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.
1078:, including all the countries of South America, nearly all of Europe, most of Oceania and roughly half of Africa.
20643:
20502:
19861:
19777:
17783:
14094:
8767:
8109:
8093:
4860:
Overview on cases currently active before the ICC (excludes cases against fugitives and reparations proceedings)
2738:
2731:
1274:
878:
621:
605:
18621:"Corporations before International Criminal Courts: Implications for the International Criminal Justice Project"
17812:
15652:
13224:
11615:"Frequently Asked Questions About the U.S. Government's Policy Regarding the International Criminal Court (ICC)"
9506:
20564:
20319:
20099:
20076:
20056:
19906:
19808:
19640:
19584:
18915:
16092:
13546:
13375:"ICC has signed contract with Danish architect Schmidt Hammer Lassen for the development of permanent premises"
9076:
8716:
8296:
8126:
8105:
7872:
2363:
2020:
1293:
says the checks and balances are so weak that the prosecutor "has virtually unlimited discretion in practice".
998:
571:
503:
459:
31:
18425:
Alana Tiemessen (December 2016). "The International Criminal Court and the lawfare of judicial intervention".
16556:. Coalition for the International Criminal Court. 12 November 2004. Archived from the original on 29 June 2006
16224:
15287:
Situation on Registered Vessels of the Union of the Comoros, the Hellenic Republic and the Kingdom of Cambodia
12812:
10119:
Parliamentarians for Global Action β Mobilizing Legislators as Champions for Human Rights, Democracy and Peace
9841:"UN DIPLOMATIC CONFERENCE CONCLUDES IN ROME WITH DECISION TO ESTABLISH PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT"
845:
The ICC employs over 900 personnel from roughly 100 countries and conducts proceedings in English and French.
19942:
19456:
18936:
16648:
16575:
14699:
13679:
12984:
12935:
10735:
2267:
686:. In response, the General Assembly tasked the ILC with once again drafting a statute for a permanent court.
35:
19661:
15910:
15284:
14466:
13352:
11704:
11463:
1308:, who served from 16 June 2012 to 16 June 2021 (she was elected to the nine-year term on 12 December 2011).
19604:
19418:
18224:
18100:
17123:
15146:
14423:"ICC - The Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court opens its first investigation"
12738:
10982:
10798:
8583:
8116:
is governed by a "Relationship Agreement between the International Criminal Court and the United Nations".
8029:
Obviously, only persons who are publicly indicted are listed. The Court can issue an indictment under seal.
6331:
2650:
charges against them withdrawn, and eight have died before the conclusion of the proceedings against them.
2147:
2068:
1259:
as such, no member of the Office may seek or act on instructions from any external source, such as states,
625:
563:
17548:
14907:"ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I authorises the Prosecutor to open an investigation into the situation in Georgia"
13915:"Thomas Lubanga Dyilo and Germain Katanga transferred to the DRC to serve their sentences of imprisonment"
11955:
8332:
7387:
1510:
Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction
1103:
Forty-one additional states have neither signed nor acceded to the Rome Statute. Some of them, including
981:
since 2014. Should Putin travel to a state party, he can be arrested by local authorities. Later in 2023,
20445:
20094:
19645:
19426:
17928:
16201:
Situation in Mali: Mr Al Hassan convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Timbuktu
13788:
12655:
12049:
9029:
excessive power under international law, or that it would compromise voluntary initiatives by companies.
8759:
17703:
15812:
15424:"Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, respecting an investigation of the Situation in Palestine"
15194:"ICC Prosecutor Fatou Bensouda on the Malian State referral of the situation in Mali since January 2012"
13963:
Supranational criminal prosecution of sexual violence: the ICC and the practice of the ICTY and the ICTR
12441:. Oxford monographs in international law (Publ. new in paperback ed.). Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
12201:
9012:
application on the latest Office of The Prosecutor's Report on Preliminary Examination Activities 2016.
8108:, the ICC is legally independent from the United Nations. The Rome Statute grants certain powers to the
2706:
trial in the situation of Darfur, Sudan, was scheduled to begin in 2014 but the start date was vacated.
2310:
966:
537:. Others have also questioned the effectiveness of the court as a means of upholding international law.
20653:
20462:
20239:
20104:
20040:
19482:
19410:
18298:
13648:
13252:
13092:
9587:
9122:
8742:
8528:
8257:
2331:
2040:
1758:
Allowing territory to be used by another state to perpetrate an act of aggression against a third state
1260:
483:
14303:
11865:
11485:
11113:
11082:
10931:
10893:
20109:
19881:
19635:
18239:
17836:"ICC prosecutor requests investigation into U.S. military, CIA for alleged war crimes in Afghanistan"
16080:
10864:"United Nations Treaty Database entry regarding the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"
10827:"United Nations Treaty Database entry regarding the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"
10146:
Governance, order, and the International Criminal Court: between realpolitik and a cosmopolitan court
10122:
9049:
9041:
8533:
2742:
2625:
2073:
1364:
This has been interpreted as a major shift in environmental law and a move with significant effects.
1121:
666:
in 1970 and created the Foundation for the Establishment of an International Criminal Court in 1971.
18802:
17732:
16164:
16152:
15960:
15880:
15800:
14445:"The Statement of the International Criminal Court, Luis Moreno-Ocampo in relation to Cote D'Ivoire"
11835:
11805:
11530:
2343:, the provisional headquarters were located at Maanweg 174 in the east-central portion of the city.
884:
20455:
20139:
19965:
18202:"House passes International Criminal Court sanctions bill after prosecutor seeks Netanyahu warrant"
17232:
16519:"Negotiated Relationship Agreement between the International Criminal Court and the United Nations"
16236:
15935:
15657:
Decision assigning the Situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo II to Pre-Trial Chamber I"
14223:"A media freedom group accuses Israel and Hamas of war crimes and reports deaths of 34 journalists"
13540:"Report on the future permanent premises of the International Criminal Court: Project Presentation"
12439:
International justice and the International Criminal Court: between sovereignty and the rule of law
10710:. Routledge research in international law. London New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
8818:
8166:
7313:
7206:
6800:
5705:
1923:
1889:
1801:
1433:
1320:
crimes in Iraq. At the ICC, he had been lead defense counsel on cases from Kenya, Sudan and Libya.
994:
798:
777:
The UN General Assembly voted on 9 December 1999 and again on 12 December 2000 to endorse the ICC.
337:
19035:
16248:
15868:
15824:
15515:"Situation in the Philippines: ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I authorises the opening of an investigation"
13942:"In historic ruling, international court cites rape in war crimes conviction of ex-Congo official"
10318:
The Emerging System of International Criminal Law: Developments in Codification and Implementation
976:. Russia denounced the arrest warrants as "outrageous". Putin became the first head of state of a
517:, the ICC is considered by its proponents to be a major step toward justice, and an innovation in
20628:
20440:
20218:
20162:
19719:
19493:
19071:
18776:
13326:
11188:
10344:"The crimes within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (Part II, Articles 5-10)"
9071:
9034:
8876:
8285:
7476:
1124:. If consensus cannot be reached, decisions are made by vote. The Assembly is presided over by a
491:
16525:
16056:
16044:
16008:
15996:
15714:
12219:
11259:
10626:"Live updates: Israel-Hamas war in Gaza, Benny Gantz ultimatum, Netanyahu government in turmoil"
9160:
732:, during which NGOs provided input and attended meetings under the umbrella organisation of the
19650:
19625:
19518:
16116:
16032:
15752:
15702:
13374:
8927:
7130:
7027:
2730:
activist groups filed a complaint with the ICC calling for it to investigate PRC officials for
2713:
2696:
1711:
1583:
1469:
740:
in the Netherlands to technically consolidate and restructure the draft articles into a draft.
591:
18731:
18598:
18586:
16827:
16128:
14401:"ICC - Prosecutor receives referral of the situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo"
14277:
13824:
13649:"Financial statements of the International Criminal Court for the year ended 31 December 2020"
13485:"PR UN, New York β Permanent Representations β The Netherlands at International Organisations"
12371:"See especially paras 52β61 for discussion of the crimes of deportation and forcible transfer"
9315:
8734:, U.S. opposition to the ICC evolved to "positive engagement", although no effort was made to
3803:
The preliminary examination relates to registered vessels of the Comoros, Greece and Cambodia.
832:
The President is the most senior judge chosen by the eighteen judges in the Judicial Division.
19950:
18379:
16020:
15923:
15169:"Statement of the Prosecutor on the opening of the investigation into the situation in Libya"
13718:
11238:
11184:
8833:
8516:
8174:
8150:
8047:
If there was a warrant of arrest, the dates of transfer to the International Criminal Court (
6809:
6183:
5390:
5317:
2661:
2287:
2223:
2016:
1927:
1573:
701:, created in 1993 in response to large-scale atrocities committed by armed forces during the
507:
18482:
Schabas, William A. (2008). "'Complementarity in practice': Some uncomplimentary thoughts".
15788:
11744:
9261:"Commission on the Responsibility of the Authors of the War and on Enforcement of Penalties"
2055:
It is unclear to what extent the ICC is compatible with reconciliation processes that grant
20618:
20532:
20269:
20119:
19594:
19451:
17684:
16707:"Gambia is the latest African country deciding to pull out of International Criminal Court"
16629:. Coalition for the International Criminal Court. Archived from the original on 20 May 2011
13165:
10771:
8871:. President Biden denounced Netanyahu's arrest warrant as "outrageous." Secretary of State
8864:
8750:
advised the court to consider seeking charges for human rights abuses committed during the
8472:
8443:
6589:
5449:
5046:
1703:
1598:
1445:
1374:
901:
794:
647:
632:, which made the establishment of an international criminal court politically unrealistic.
382:
352:
16670:, Governance and Limited Statehood Series, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 37β58,
13221:"Report of the Secretary-General on the Establishment of a Special Court for Sierra Leone"
9612:
1718:
of 1974 and include the following acts when committed by one state against another state:
658:(1975), he advocated for the establishment of such a court. Another leading proponent was
8:
20542:
20537:
20400:
19551:
19498:
19461:
18120:
17373:
16711:
13946:
13897:"The Prosecutor v. Thomas Lubanga Dyilo β Judgment pursuant to Article 74 of the Statute"
13110:
12659:
12632:
12117:
12113:"Is environmental destruction a crime against humanity? The ICC may be about to find out"
10987:
The Laws of Armed Conflicts: A Collection of Conventions, Resolutions and Other Documents
9930:
9927:"The International Criminal Court β A Historic Development in the Fight for Justice"
9580:"Election of Mr Arthur N.R. Robinson to the Board of Directors of the Victims Trust Fund"
8652:
8579:
8236:
In October 2016, after repeated claims that the court was biased against African states,
6900:
2335:
The former (provisional) headquarters of the ICC in The Hague, in use until December 2015
1964:
1960:
1725:
1521:
1477:
990:
858:
817:
690:
659:
635:
562:
to judge political leaders accused of international crimes was first proposed during the
559:
499:
463:
18543:
17119:"African Union Countries Rally Around Kenyan President, But Won't Withdraw From The ICC"
15726:
14025:
13896:
13846:
12370:
12304:
The International Criminal Court: elements of crimes and rules of procedure and evidence
11412:
11018:
9788:"Negotiating the Treaty of Rome on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court"
8489:
States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court Β§ Withdrawal
4936:
Detailed summary of investigations and prosecutions by the International Criminal Court
20373:
19985:
19970:
19960:
19714:
19535:
19530:
19503:
19441:
18931:
18648:
18499:
18407:
18360:
18171:
17763:
17553:
16950:"Africa and the International Criminal Court: A drag net that catches only small fish?"
16775:
15842:
13708:"Report on programme performance of the International Criminal Court for the year 2007"
13145:
11681:
11260:"Ukraine accepts ICC jurisdiction over alleged crimes committed since 20 February 2014"
10802:
10658:"Israel Gaza war: ICC prosecutor seeks arrest warrants for Netanyahu and Hamas leaders"
10249:
9840:
9561:
9387:
9296:
9288:
9216:
8860:
8856:
8795:
8648:
8170:
8158:
7842:
7733:
2012:
1986:
1762:
1619:
1286:
1243:
1009:
969:
872:
Intended to serve as the "court of last resort", the ICC complements existing national
683:
643:
18267:
16321:
15972:
14068:
13914:
12277:
10026:
8679:
8574:
Following the announcement that the ICC would open a preliminary investigation on the
8136:
There are a number of NGOs working on a variety of issues related to the ICC. The NGO
8020:
A situation is listed here if the Prosecutor of the Court has opened an investigation.
1198:
835:
The Judicial Division is composed of eighteen judges and hears cases before the Court.
20638:
20507:
20472:
20415:
20383:
20300:
20009:
19846:
19446:
19081:
18859:
18727:
18652:
18640:
18594:
18503:
18452:
18411:
18399:
18350:
18056:"US Judge Blocks Trump Sanctions Targeting Human Rights Lawyers, War Crimes Tribunal"
17981:
17849:
17787:
17048:
16886:
16807:
16679:
16642:
16569:
16465:
14980:
14141:
14102:
13966:
13628:
13588:
13256:
12951:
12878:
12781:
12538:
12468:
12442:
12307:
11644:
11234:
11226:
11180:
11172:
10994:
10711:
10363:
10343:
10322:
10297:
10174:
10149:
9957:
9678:
9653:
9553:
9407:"Fair Trials and International Courts: A Critical Evaluation of the Nuremberg Legacy"
9391:
9346:
9321:
9300:
9280:
9220:
9208:
8826:
8755:
8613:
7575:
5710:
2745:
also lodged a complaint regarding the deaths of eight Palestinian journalists in the
2682:
2668:
2544:
1968:
so that they can help to shape truth, justice and reparations outcomes of the Court.
1603:
947:
679:
579:
518:
247:
18077:
13676:
Part III β Resolutions and recommendations adopted by the Assembly of States Parties
12910:
12716:
11614:
9843:(Press release). United Nations Meetings Coverage and Press Releases. 20 July 1998.
8778:, stated that ICC Court had no jurisdiction over the U.S., which did not ratify the
8462:
plot" against him. Ivory Coast's government opted not to transfer former first lady
545:
154:
20658:
20527:
20450:
20134:
19729:
19564:
19513:
18632:
18491:
18391:
18364:
18344:
17874:
17845:
16919:
16804:
The International Criminal Court and peace processes in Africa: judicialising peace
16671:
13280:
12855:
12535:
The trial proceedings of the international criminal court: ICTY and ICTR precedents
11673:
11459:
11218:
11164:
10990:
10446:
10436:
10355:
10287:
10202:
9645:
9545:
9418:
9379:
9272:
9198:
8880:
7976:
7586:
6839:
6511:
2007:
1578:
1497:
1421:
1312:
710:
587:
367:
285:
280:
270:
265:
232:
224:
127:
112:
97:
14650:
14648:
13760:
12911:"Decision establishing the principles and procedures to be applied to reparations"
8471:
accused the ICC of "mishandling complex African issues". Ethiopian Prime Minister
8192:
Promoting worldwide ratification and implementation of the Rome Statute of the ICC
1170:
20487:
20482:
20477:
20395:
19630:
19431:
17644:
17495:"Revealed: Israeli spy chief 'threatened' ICC prosecutor over war crimes inquiry"
16297:
Situation in the Peopleβs Republic of Bangladesh/Republic of the Union of Myanmar
14793:
13277:
Headquarter Agreement between the International Criminal Court and the Host State
13117:
12872:
12689:
12149:
11668:
10657:
10499:
10316:
10078:
10048:
9761:
9001:
8996:
8923:
8586:
8477:
General debate of the sixty-eighth session of the United Nations General Assembly
8468:
8088:
7909:
7538:
6772:
5229:
2657:
2061:
1588:
1332:
The five following Policy Papers have been published since the start of the ICC:
1290:
1131:
The Assembly meets in full session once a year, alternating between New York and
1002:
986:
935:
873:
793:
The Court issued its first judgment in 2012 when it found Congolese rebel leader
567:
275:
260:
237:
82:
67:
14248:
9733:
9449:. United Nations Department of Public Information. December 2002. Archived from
8632:
did not recognize the Court's decision to issue an arrest warrant for President
628:(ILC) drafted two statutes by the early 1950s but these were shelved during the
20284:
20129:
19841:
17707:
15984:
15124:
15120:
14645:
13868:
11121:
11090:
11055:
10939:
10901:
9976:
9532:
Ferencz, Benjamin B. (January 1972). Stone, Julius; Woetzel, Robert K. (eds.).
9480:
8911:
8872:
8838:
8802:
8771:
8747:
8719:
8703:
8664:
8633:
8609:
8604:
8566:
in an attempt to dissuade her from opening war crime inquiries against Israel.
8555:
8499:
8419:
8407:
7805:
7651:
7319:
6943:
6568:
6239:
6142:
5888:
Convicted and sentenced to one year of imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 USD;
5615:
5142:
2720:
2702:
2692:
2676:
2653:
2630:
2480:
1982:
1568:
1301:
1239:
1174:
1148:
In 2010, Kampala, Uganda hosted the Assembly's Rome Statute Review Conference.
1025:
962:
939:
927:
919:
893:
889:
787:
639:
18636:
18495:
18136:"Biden at odds with allies as U.S. and Israel attack ICC over arrest warrants"
16664:"The Role of the ICC in Transitional Gender Justice: Capacity and Limitations"
16314:
11554:
11051:"Annan regrets US decision not to ratify International Criminal Court statute"
10359:
10292:
10275:
9477:"Reasonable Doubt: The Case Against the Proposed International Criminal Court"
9422:
9203:
9186:
9062:
Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court
4815:
Indicted but died before the trial or appeal (where applicable) was concluded.
2060:
investigation would not serve the interests of justice". Former ICC president
1792:
national of a state that is within the territorial jurisdiction of the Court.
1488:, which is a fifth category of crime for which individuals can be prosecuted.
900:
The ICC held its first hearing in 2006, concerning war crimes charges against
724:
From 1996 to 1998, six sessions of the Preparatory Committee were held at the
20673:
19691:
19379:
18644:
18456:
18403:
18395:
18007:"Trump targets ICC with sanctions after court opens war crimes investigation"
17985:
17853:
17791:
16296:
15605:
15263:"Preliminary examination: Registered Vessels of Comoros, Greece and Cambodia"
14816:"Afghanistan: ICC Appeals Chamber authorises the opening of an investigation"
14609:"ICC - Prosecutor receives referral concerning Central African Republic"
14145:
14106:
14008:"The ICC's rejection of Bemba's compensation claim points to need for reform"
11648:
11230:
11176:
10577:"Russia adds International Criminal Court president Hofmanski to wanted list"
10367:
10301:
9557:
9484:
9383:
9284:
9212:
8672:
8659:
8625:
8617:
8463:
8459:
8411:
8097:
7939:
7276:
7079:
6866:
5561:
5534:
3733:
2634:
2169:
2156:
1893:
1409:
1397:
1317:
1021:
729:
702:
18096:"Israel, U.S. seek to prevent ICC arrest warrant against Netanyahu - report"
17313:"Gambia latest African nation to withdraw from International Criminal Court"
16675:
16140:
15000:
13057:
11701:"The Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute opens its tenth session"
10450:
10429:
9818:
9450:
4868:
Between beginning of confirmation of charges hearing and beginning of trial
4865:
Between initial appearance and beginning of confirmation of charges hearing
2907:
2001:. The cooperation of the non-party states with the ICC is envisioned by the
20547:
20467:
20420:
19693:
19471:
18911:
18244:
18040:
18011:
17929:"Trump authorizes sanctions against International Criminal Court officials"
17905:
17840:
17022:"The International Criminal Court: An Unbiased or Eurocentric Institution?"
14272:
14270:
13991:
13545:. International Criminal Court. 18 October 2005. p. 23. Archived from
13189:
12216:"BRUNO CATHALA OF FRANCE ELECTED REGISTRAR OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT"
12085:
11986:
10806:
9367:
9187:"The hidden impacts of the ICC: An innovative assessment using Google data"
8935:
8875:
said the Biden administration would work with the US Congress on potential
8814:
8806:
8787:
8779:
8731:
8545:
8524:
8439:
8427:
8403:
8396:
8376:
8253:
8241:
8068:
7424:
6669:
6470:
6379:
6050:
5588:
4770:
A situation is listed here if an investigation was begun by the Prosecutor.
2359:
2353:
People detained by the International Criminal Court Β§ Detention centre
2247:
2233:
Combination Visser & Smit Bouw and Boele & van Eesteren ('Courtys')
2002:
1931:
1190:
1087:
1042:
1017:
1013:
530:
522:
514:
475:
405:
322:
20187:
16663:
14678:"ICC - Security Council refers situation in Darfur to ICC Prosecutor"
14134:"Exiled Uighurs call on ICC to investigate Chinese 'genocide' in Xinjiang"
11486:"Uganda to host Rome Statute Review Conference " The Hague Justice Portal"
11457:
11222:
11168:
9649:
9161:"International Criminal Court | Definition, History, Purpose, & Facts"
3738:
2914:
1520:
The definition of these crimes is identical to those contained within the
853:
The ICC began operations on 1 July 2002, upon the entry into force of the
20633:
20512:
20492:
20405:
20390:
20305:
19343:
18299:"CAN A U.S. ALLY ACTUALLY BE HELD ACCOUNTABLE FOR WAR CRIMES IN THE ICC?"
16188:
13654:. Assembly of States Parties, International Criminal Court. 23 July 2021.
13016:"On Co-Operation by States Not Party to the International Criminal Court"
12467:. Springer Science. International Progress Organization. Wien: Springer.
12218:. United Nations Information Service Vienna. 26 June 2003. Archived from
11588:
11242:
11019:"International Criminal Court: Letter to UN Secretary General Kofi Annan"
11014:
10498:
Armstrong, Kathryn; Radford, Antoinette; Gardner, Frank (18 March 2023).
9097:
9081:
9030:
9025:
8798:
8575:
8563:
8384:
7753:
7713:
7531:
In ICC custody, charges confirmed, trial before Trial-Chamber VI ongoing
6938:
6449:
6297:
6087:
5497:
2394:
1897:
1737:
1593:
1545:
1083:
943:
915:
806:
Review Conference of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
651:
601:
471:
17594:"There's a new dividing line for world leaders: Would you arrest Putin?"
16662:
Chappell, Louise (2012), Buckley-Zistel, Susanne; Stanley, Ruth (eds.),
15892:
14267:
14198:"Israeli victims' families urge ICC to investigate Oct. 7 Hamas attacks"
14050:
13882:
13300:
13246:
12742:
12629:"The International Criminal Court: Fact sheet 9 β Fair trial guarantees"
11685:
11523:
7380:
In ICC custody, charges confirmed, trial before Trial-Chamber V ongoing
6137:
In ICC custody, charges confirmed, trial before Trial-Chamber I ongoing
4788:
Indicted and has had at least first appearance; trial has not yet begun.
869:; 41 states have neither signed nor become parties to the Rome Statute.
20517:
19999:
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)
18517:
18116:"US and Israel criticised for threatening International Criminal Court"
16828:"ICC and Africa β International Criminal Court and African Sovereignty"
15813:
Mbarushimana case: ICC Appeals Chamber rejects the Prosecutionβs appeal
13216:
13193:
12828:"Realising Justice for Victims before the International Criminal Court"
9565:
9292:
8943:
8868:
8644:
8494:
8299: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
8198:
Ensuring the ICC will be as fair, effective and independent as possible
7695:
5875:
Verdicts modified and re-sentencing partially remanded to Trial Chamber
2746:
1885:
1731:
1251:
1139:
479:
18176:"The White House's Defense of Israel Is Undermining International Law"
16364:
16352:
16308:
12050:"International court to prosecute environmental crimes in major shift"
11720:"Britain's Karim Khan elected International Criminal Court prosecutor"
10383:"ICC judges issue arrest warrant for Putin over war crimes in Ukraine"
8371:
5028:
2687:
2680:(DR Congo) was convicted to 30 years for crimes against humanity. The
2366:, The Hague, close to the ICC's headquarters in the Alexanderkazerne.
1070:
States parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
20623:
20378:
19540:
19076:
18772:"International Criminal Court to prosecute business and human rights"
18154:"Blinken says he'll work with US Congress on potential ICC sanctions"
11677:
11114:"Reference: C.N.886.2016.TREATIES-XVIII.10 (Depositary Notification)"
10932:"Reference: C.N.138.2018.TREATIES-XVIII.10 (Depositary Notification)"
10894:"Reference: C.N.805.2016.TREATIES-XVIII.10 (Depositary Notification)"
9510:
9102:
8939:
8845:
8822:
8668:
8178:
7767:
5698:; in custody of Norwegian authorities, release between 2033 and 2043
4806:
Trial has been completed and verdict delivered but appeal is pending.
2792:
Currently, the Office of the Prosecutor has opened investigations in
2763:
2560:
2240:
2139:
1902:
1766:
1473:
1297:
1132:
609:
495:
467:
216:
18036:"Human rights lawyers sue Trump administration for 'silencing' them"
16771:"South Africa Reverses Withdrawal From International Criminal Court"
14376:"Communications Received by the Office of the Prosecutor of the ICC"
11776:"Is the ICC Reconsidering its Policy on the 'Interests of Justice'?"
10412:"Ukraine war: International court issues warrant for Putin's arrest"
10405:
10403:
9811:"Results of the Rome Conference for an International Criminal Court"
9549:
9406:
9276:
8274:
8038:
If not otherwise noted, the indicted is wanted by warrant of arrest.
1989:
to victims and their families if the convicted person has no money.
1522:
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
1348:
15 September 2016: Policy paper on case selection and prioritisation
1277:, acting to address a threat to international peace and security; or
1266:
The Prosecutor may open an investigation under three circumstances:
790:
on 8 July 2005, and the first pre-trial hearings were held in 2006.
168:
20430:
20368:
20347:
20114:
19508:
19066:
17088:"Kenya pushing for African split from International Criminal Court"
17069:"Kenya pushing for African split from International Criminal Court"
16213:
Situation in Mali: ICC unseals arrest warrant against Iyad Ag Ghaly
13828:
9977:
Coalition for the International Criminal Court. (13 October 2005).
9641:
States of Justice: The Politics of the International Criminal Court
9024:
There is a debate on whether the ICC should have jurisdiction over
8451:
5222:; in custody of Belgian authorities; release between 2033 and 2043
2737:
On 31 October 2023, the Israeli families of over 34 victims of the
2386:
2255:
1911:
1746:
1465:
629:
487:
18346:
The Justice Dilemma: Leaders and Exile in an Era of Accountability
16284:
16272:
15445:
15262:
15257:
15255:
13965:. School of Human Rights Research series. Antwerpen: Intersentia.
13663:
13661:
10739:
10550:
9954:
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: a commentary
9343:
Crime and global justice: the dynamics of international punishment
8848:
said that the issuing of the warrant "makes a very strong point".
8256:, Gambia rescinded its withdrawal notification. A decision by the
1992:
1234:
18854:
18671:"Corporate Human Rights Obligations: Controversial but necessary"
17627:"Russia puts international court's top leadership on wanted list"
17404:"ICC withdrawal 'unconstitutional and invalid', high court rules"
15147:"Statement by the Office of the Prosecutor on situation in Libya"
14979:. International criminal justice series. The Hague: Asser Press.
13186:"Czech Parliament Against Ratifying International Criminal Court"
13140:
11635:
LeBor, Adam (September 2011). BrΓ»lΓ©, Tyler (ed.). "Don't Judge".
10525:"Russia puts international court's top leadership on wanted list"
10400:
10023:"Prosecutor Presents Evidence That Could Lead to First ICC Trial"
9045:
9008:
8763:
8511:
8435:
8237:
7788:
7699:
7681:
2727:
2717:
2448:
2382:
2251:
2067:
It is sometimes argued that amnesties are necessary to allow the
2056:
1907:
1773:
1558:
1458:
1079:
862:
809:
737:
19110:
Presidents and vice-presidents of the Assembly of States Parties
17344:"South Africa Withdraws From International Court; Others Follow"
16976:"Europe β From Lubanga to Kony, is the ICC only after Africans?"
16551:"Q&A: The Relationship Agreement between the ICC and the UN"
14631:"Prosecutor opens investigation in the Central African Republic"
14496:"ICC - ICC Holds Seminar with Ugandan Judicial Authorities"
14172:"ICC prosecutor rejects Uighur genocide complaint against China"
14026:"Decision on the confirmation of charges against Dominic Ongwen"
13757:
Part III β Resolutions adopted by the Assembly of States Parties
13678:. International Criminal Court. 14 December 2007. Archived from
11430:"Assembly of States Parties of the International Criminal Court"
10276:"Universal Jurisdiction for International Crimes β A Case Study"
8600:
International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Russian figures
8527:, the new government rescinded its withdrawal notification. The
8383:
The ICC has been accused of bias and as being a tool of Western
2783:
Ongoing preliminary examinations (Nigeria, Guinea, Venezuela II)
2050:
1496:
Article 6 defines the crime of genocide as "acts committed with
650:, became a vocal advocate of the establishment of international
20522:
20410:
19911:
19886:
19872:
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)
19763:
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
19525:
15727:
Order regarding the hearing scheduled for 29 June - 1 July 2020
15628:"Situation in the Plurinational State of Bolivia: Final Report"
15252:
14721:
13658:
13091:
Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (
11718:
Nichols, Michelle; van den Berg, Stephanie (13 February 2021).
10500:"Putin arrest warrant: Biden welcomes ICC's war crimes charges"
10493:
10491:
10489:
10025:. International Criminal Court. 9 November 2006. Archived from
9999:. International Criminal Court. 14 October 2005. Archived from
8931:
8735:
8629:
8559:
8536:
revealed on 5 July 2017 that its intention to withdraw stands.
8475:, at the time AU chairman, told the UN General Assembly at the
8392:
8245:
6039:
5486:
3873:
2778:
Authorization to open investigation requested (none at present)
2528:
2512:
2464:
2398:
1752:
Attack on the land, sea, or air forces or marine and air fleets
1537:
1305:
908:
and is conducting an additional nine preliminary examinations.
813:
804:
In 2010, the states parties of the Rome Statute held the first
756:
721:
Establishment of the ICC to prepare a consolidated draft text.
596:
575:
534:
18850:
18845:
17671:"Sorry not sorry, says Mongolia after failure to arrest Putin"
17549:"International Criminal Court Issues Arrest Warrant for Putin"
16095:. ICC press release. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
15838:"DRC army says Rwandan Hutu rebel commander Mudacumura killed"
15765:
DR Congo to prosecute militia leader Katanga, convicted by ICC
14281:
14252:
14095:"Uighur Exiles Push for Court Case Accusing China of Genocide"
12803:"The International Criminal Court β Hope for the Victims"
11666:
Henry A. Kissinger. "The Pitfalls of Universal Jurisdiction".
11083:"Reference: C.N.612.2008.TREATIES-6 (Depositary Notification)"
10675:
Belam, Martin; Bayer, Lili; Livingstone, Helen (20 May 2024).
9762:"ICC history | Coalition for the International Criminal Court"
7269:
In ICC custody, convicted, to be sentenced by Trial-Chamber X
2752:
2700:
trial in the CΓ΄te d'Ivoire situation ended in acquittals. The
914:
have been indicted in the ICC, including Ugandan rebel leader
662:, a German-born professor of international law, who co-edited
474:. It is the first and only permanent international court with
20497:
20254:
19887:
UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
19349:
American Non-Governmental Organizations Coalition for the ICC
17974:"International Criminal Court | The transnational arm of law"
17733:"Dutch still wincing at Bush-era 'Invasion of The Hague Act'"
14885:"ICC Prosecutor confirms situation in Georgia under analysis"
13847:"ICC to probe Venezuela over alleged crimes against humanity"
12081:"ICC widens remit to include environmental destruction cases"
11982:"ICC widens remit to include environmental destruction cases"
11533:(Press release). International Criminal Court. 11 March 2024.
10858:
10856:
10854:
10852:
10374:
9734:"Establishment of an International Criminal Court - overview"
9239:"The ICC's problem is not overt racism, it is Eurocentricism"
8455:
8447:
8431:
8423:
8264:
8248:
announced their withdrawals from the Rome Statute. Following
8195:
Maintaining the integrity of the Rome Statute of the ICC, and
6368:
2576:
2496:
2432:
2390:
1513:
Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
1507:
Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group
1194:
1108:
1104:
931:
923:
768:
764:
760:
748:
656:
Defining International Aggression: The Search for World Peace
617:
18544:"Situation in Georgia, Public Document with Confidential..."
17901:"Senior ICC judges authorise Afghanistan war crimes inquiry"
13610:
13570:
12710:
11698:
10793:
10791:
10789:
10486:
10348:
European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice
10250:"ICC Myths | Coalition for the International Criminal Court"
9126:
8817:, and the departments they headβon the grounds that Trump's
8616:
in Johannesburg. Russia was represented by Foreign Minister
5479:
Not in ICC custody, reportedly died on 17/18 September 2019
3878:
2243:, Netherlands, but its proceedings may take place anywhere.
2035:(which worked with the principle of the primacy, instead of
1555:
Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty
1516:
Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
1345:
20 June 2014: Policy Paper on Sexual and Gender-Based Crimes
1300:, in office from 2003 to 2012, was succeeded in the role by
20274:
19857:
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR)
19852:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
17759:"Bolton Expands on His Boss's Views, Except on North Korea"
17608:"South Africa says Putin agreed not to attend BRICS summit"
17576:"South Africa Mulls Options After ICC's Putin Arrest Order"
16492:. International Criminal Court. August 2006. Archived from
15779:. ICC press release. 7 April 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2016.
14006:
Choukroune, LeΓ―la; Kirabira, Tonny Raymond (24 June 2020).
13717:. International Criminal Court. 26 May 2008. Archived from
13573:"Socorro Flores Liera Head of the Liaison Office to the UN"
12874:
Justice for Victims Before the International Criminal Court
12563:
12490:"The awakening hypothesis of the complementarity principle"
10708:
Justice for victims before the International Criminal Court
10466:
10464:
9088:
List of people indicted in the International Criminal Court
7119:
2710:
2263:
2259:
1563:
1060:
Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.
752:
437:
193: State party that subsequently withdrew its membership
16487:"Report of the International Criminal Court for 2005β2006"
16153:
ICC case information sheet on the L. Gbagbo-BlΓ© Goude case
14051:"Al-Mahdi Case (The Prosecutor v. Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi)"
13747:
13613:"The Registrar Inaugurates the ICC Field Office in Bangui"
12533:
Calvo-Goller, Notburga K.; Calvo-Goller, Karin N. (2006).
10849:
10809:
being states parties but not United Nations member states.
10551:"Moskau: Richter des Strafgerichtshofs auf Fahndungsliste"
9052:
is caused by states and corporations in the Global North.
6027:
Convicted and sentenced to eleven months of imprisonment;
5989:
Convicted and sentenced to eleven months of imprisonment;
20554:
19575:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
18833:
18271:
15767:. Yahoo News. 18 January 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
14700:"The Prosecutor of the ICC opens investigation in Darfur"
13249:
Customary International Humanitarian Law, Volume I: Rules
10786:
9699:"Draft Statute for an International Criminal Court, 1994"
9677:(1. publ ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge Univ. Press.
9037:
argues that it should cover all human rights violations.
8888:
passed a bill to sanction ICC officials on June 4, 2024.
8482:
4690:
Putin, Lvova-Belova, Kobylash, Sokolov, Shoigu, Gerasimov
3748:
3743:
3724:
3715:
3710:
3689:
3684:
3666:
3661:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3607:
3602:
3584:
3575:
3570:
3552:
3547:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3438:
3429:
3424:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3349:
3340:
3314:
3296:
3287:
3269:
3260:
3242:
3233:
3212:
3207:
3184:
3179:
3156:
3151:
3131:
3122:
3104:
3095:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3017:
3008:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2957:
2952:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2371:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
2340:
2033:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
1342:
1 November 2013: Policy Paper on Preliminary Examinations
1336:
1 September 2007: Policy Paper on the Interest of Justice
967:
Presidential Commissioner for Children's Rights in Russia
699:
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
27:
Intergovernmental organization and international tribunal
17951:"US Sets Sanctions Against International Criminal Court"
17203:"Africans push UN to call off 'racist' court β Features"
16355:. International Criminal Court. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
16311:. International Criminal Court. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
16225:
ICC case information sheet on the Yekatom-NgaΓ―ssona case
13700:
13483:
Zaken, Ministerie van Buitenlandse (28 September 2016).
13097:, Merits, Judgment, ICJ Reports 1986, p. 114, para. 220.
12933:
12763:
12532:
11582:
11548:
10765:
10733:
10461:
9997:"Warrant of Arrest Unsealed Against Five LRA Commanders"
5307:
1035:
974:
child abductions in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
574:. The issue was addressed again at a conference held in
199: Signatory that subsequently withdrew its signature
19610:
International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals
18664:
18662:
18199:
16920:"Is this the end for the International Criminal Court?"
16299:. International Criminal Court. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16105:
The Prosecutor v. Paul Gicheru and Philip Kipkoech Bett
13736:
12599:
12587:
12575:
12551:
12514:
12145:"CEOs can now be tried in The Hague like war criminals"
10497:
5951:
Convicted and sentenced to six months of imprisonment;
2270:, the court facilities are situated on the site of the
1934:; and the right to examine the witnesses against them.
1381:
List of Registrars of the International Criminal Court
1047:
to initiate an investigation under the requirements of
20039:
18889:
18443:
Hillebrecht, Courtney; Straus, Scott (28 March 2016).
18268:"International Criminal Court: US threatens sanctions"
17151:"Africans urge ICC not to try heads of state β Africa"
15468:"Situation in the Gabonese Republic: Article 5 Report"
13987:"Jean-Pierre Bemba's war crimes conviction overturned"
12333:
12331:
12329:
12327:
12325:
12323:
11612:
9929:. Amnesty International. 11 April 2002. Archived from
9900:. UN General Assembly. 19 January 2001. Archived from
9868:. UN General Assembly. 25 January 2000. Archived from
9544:(1). Geneva: World Peace Through Law Center: 213β215.
3840:
3838:
2326:
1128:, who are elected by the members to three-year terms.
19897:
UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)
18078:"US lifts Trump-era sanctions against ICC prosecutor"
17645:"Mongolia Obliged to Arrest Putin If He Visits - ICC"
16038:
15961:
ICC case information sheet on the Haroun-Kushayb case
15830:
15074:"Report on Preliminary Examination Activities (2020)"
14562:"Report on Preliminary Examination Activities (2019)"
13514:"ICC says cells ready for Uganda war crimes suspects"
13122:
The International Criminal Court: An End to Impunity?
12713:"Report of the International Criminal Court for 2004"
12626:
11427:
10821:
10819:
10817:
10815:
10674:
8558:
and her family were allegedly threatened by the then
6442:
with no prejudice to re-prosecution, appeal possible
5694:
Convicted and sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment;
3329:
2941:
2767:
ICC investigations and examinations, as of March 2022
2723:
has been convicted to a prison sentence of 25 years.
1865:
1821:
1339:
12 April 2010: Policy Paper on Victims' Participation
20125:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
19753:
Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
18659:
17286:"Win for Africa as Kenya agenda enters ICC Assembly"
17045:
Africa and the Backlash Against International Courts
16165:
ICC case information sheet on the Simone Gbagbo case
15655:
Situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo II
11643:(46). Midori House, London: Winkontent Ltd.: 48β49.
9044:
caused by corporate activity. The proposed crime of
7191:
Convicted and sentenced to nine years imprisonment;
1722:
Invasion or attack by armed forces against territory
669:
654:
and of an international criminal court. In his book
642:
after World War II and the Chief Prosecutor for the
17177:"ICC rules Kenya VP must attend his trial β Africa"
16365:
Situation in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela I
16287:. ICC information page. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
15801:
ICC case information sheet on the Mbarushimana case
13247:Jean-Marie Henckaerts; Louise Doswald-Beck (2005).
13136:"Uganda Urges Traditional Justice for Rebel Crimes"
13124:
Crimes of War Project. Retrieved 18 September 2007.
12407:
12405:
12320:
12014:"Policy Paper on Case Selection and Prioritisation"
11926:"Policy paper on case selection and prioritisation"
11717:
10687:
10173:(Repr ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
10171:
An introduction to the International Criminal Court
9317:
An Introduction to the International Criminal Court
9123:"The International Criminal Court: An Introduction"
8063:
8061:
8059:
8057:
4779:
Indicted but has not yet appeared before the Court.
3835:
18:
Institute for International Criminal Investigations
19565:International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg Trials)
18218:
15825:ICC case information sheet on the Mudacumura case.
15068:
15066:
15064:
15062:
14005:
13917:. International Criminal Court. 19 December 2015.
12800:
10983:"Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court"
10812:
10381:Deutsch, Anthony; Sterling, Toby (17 March 2023).
9615:. Coalition for the International Criminal Court.
8712:United States and the International Criminal Court
5306:(after 8 years, 4 months); remained in custody of
5298:Convicted and sentenced to 12 years imprisonment;
5218:Convicted and sentenced to 30 years imprisonment;
5127:Convicted and sentenced to 14 years imprisonment;
19927:Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
18442:
17047:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 34β55.
14714:
13606:
13604:
11699:International Criminal Court (14 December 2011).
10969:The 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
10410:Meijer, Bart H.; Harmash, Olena (18 March 2023).
10079:"Profile: DR Congo militia leader Thomas Lubanga"
9019:
5928:Convicted and sentenced to a fine of 30,000 USD;
1782:
1263:, non-governmental organisations or individuals.
513:Established in 2002 pursuant to the multilateral
20671:
19814:European Committee for the Prevention of Torture
19595:Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
19570:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
17875:"Law and Contemporary Problems | Vol 64 | No. 1"
17520:"Philippines becomes second country to quit ICC"
16470:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
16452:. Archived from the original on 11 February 2007
16275:. ICC information page. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16189:ICC case information sheet on the Al Hassan case
16110:
16045:ICC case information sheet on the Ruto-Sang case
16009:ICC case information sheet on the Abu Garda case
15997:ICC case information sheet on the al-Bashir case
15534:
15532:
13633:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
13611:International Criminal Court (18 October 2007).
13593:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
13507:
13505:
12956:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
12786:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
12402:
12079:Vidal, John; Bowcott, Owen (15 September 2016).
11980:Vidal, John; Bowcott, Owen (15 September 2016).
11896:"Policy Paper on Sexual and Gender-Based Crimes"
11458:Coalition for the International Criminal Court.
11150:
10435:
10280:European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research
9534:"Toward a Feasible International Criminal Court"
9093:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
8183:International Federation of Human Rights Leagues
8119:
8054:
5295:Appeals by Prosecution and Defence discontinued
1484:) (since 2018). In addition, article 70 defines
745:Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
614:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
19994:International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
19794:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights
18668:
18424:
18237:
17486:
17464:"ANC is sticking to its guns on ICC withdrawal"
16447:International Criminal Court, 1 February 2007.
16177:ICC case information sheet on the al-Mahdi case
16093:ICC terminates proceedings against Paul Gicheru
16057:ICC case information sheet on the Kenyatta case
15715:ICC case information sheet on the Ntaganda case
15059:
14554:
13783:
13781:
13748:Assembly of States Parties (21 November 2008).
13615:. Archived from the original on 29 October 2007
13575:. Archived from the original on 10 October 2007
13158:
12938:. Archived from the original on 19 January 2008
12850:International Criminal Court, 17 October 2006.
12413:"Crime of Aggression β Amendments Ratification"
11403:
11401:
11399:
11397:
11395:
11393:
11391:
11389:
11387:
11385:
11383:
11381:
11379:
11377:
11375:
11373:
11371:
11369:
11367:
11365:
11363:
11361:
11359:
11357:
11355:
11353:
11351:
11349:
11347:
11345:
11343:
11341:
11339:
11337:
11335:
11333:
11331:
11329:
11327:
11325:
11323:
11321:
11319:
11317:
11315:
11313:
11311:
11309:
11307:
10981:Schindler, Dietrich; Toman, JirΓ, eds. (2004).
10380:
10049:"ICC finds Congo warlord Thomas Lubanga guilty"
8989:
5018:
4797:Trial has begun but has not yet been completed.
2796:, the Central African Republic, CΓ΄te d'Ivoire,
1993:Cooperation by states not party to Rome Statute
1922:The Rome Statute provides that all persons are
1716:United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3314
1197:, who took office on 11 March 2024, succeeding
801:. Lubanga was sentenced to 14 years in prison.
20260:Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
20173:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
19409:
17229:"UN rejects trial deferral for Kenyan leaders"
16854:"African Union accuses ICC prosecutor of bias"
16443:
16441:
16117:ICC case information sheet on the Gaddafi case
16081:ICC case information sheet on the Gicheru case
16033:ICC case information sheet on the Hussein case
16014:
15753:ICC case information sheet on the Katanga case
15703:ICC case information sheet on the Lubanga case
14977:Palestine and the International Criminal Court
14838:"OTP statement in relation to events in Kenya"
13759:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
13601:
13351:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
12711:International Criminal Court (1 August 2005).
12688:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
12236:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
12200:. International Criminal Court. Archived from
11665:
11305:
11303:
11301:
11299:
11297:
11295:
11293:
11291:
11289:
11287:
10980:
9340:
8776:National Security Advisor of the United States
8523:later that year, which ended the long rule of
8252:later that year, which ended the long rule of
8138:Coalition for the International Criminal Court
7195:; reparations regime established; ICC-related
6561:with confirmed charges withdrawn before trial
5302:; reparations regime established; ICC-related
5131:; reparations regime established; ICC-related
1779:accepting bribes as an official of the Court.
1774:Offences against the administration of justice
1551:Deportation or forcible transfer of population
1486:offences against the administration of justice
1459:Crimes for which individuals can be prosecuted
1270:when a situation is referred by a state party;
1230:Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court
1166:Presidency of the International Criminal Court
734:Coalition for the International Criminal Court
664:Toward a Feasible International Criminal Court
20203:
20025:
19677:
19395:
18875:
17310:
17013:
16968:
16391:. ICC press release. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
16379:. ICC press release. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16263:. ICC press release. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16129:ICC case information sheet on the Khaled case
16107:. ICC information page. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
16071:. ICC information page. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
15881:ICC case information sheet on the Ongwen case
15529:
14125:
13571:International Criminal Court (January 2007).
13502:
13183:
12735:"Africa and the International Criminal Court"
11608:
11606:
11578:
11576:
11574:
11572:
11453:
11451:
10474:. International Criminal Court. 17 March 2023
10409:
9607:
9605:
8971:
8851:In 2024, the Biden administration opposed an
2051:Amnesty and national reconciliation processes
2027:
1830:
1177:was President of the Court from 2009 to 2015.
526:
361:
133:
118:
103:
18377:
17341:
16740:"Burundi Quits International Criminal Court"
16403:. ICC press release. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
16353:Situation in the Republic of the Philippines
16237:ICC case information sheet on the Mokom case
16021:ICC case information sheet on the Banda case
15924:ICC case information sheet on the Bemba case
15893:ICC case information page on the Ongwen case
14974:
13778:
12174:
12172:
12078:
11979:
11151:Jianping, Lu; Zhixiang, Wang (6 July 2005).
10761:
10759:
10757:
10605:. International Criminal Court. 5 March 2024
9989:
9115:
8667:in June 2015, invited Vladimir Putin to the
4874:Between trial judgment and appeals judgment
4069:Kilolo, Babala, Mangenda, Arido, Bemba (OAJ)
2410:Top 10 contributions as of 31 December 2020
2047:arrangement or an agreement with the Court.
1030:war crimes committed in the Israel-Hamas war
88:
73:
20217:
19932:UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT)
18751:Business & Human Rights Resource Centre
18675:Business & Human Rights Resource Centre
18549:. 10 April 2017. pp. 132β133, 150β151.
18314:"War Crimes Prosecution Watch, Vol.Issue 2"
17813:"US Threatens International Criminal Court"
17042:
16698:
16438:
16249:ICC case information sheet on the Said case
15975:. ICC press release. Released 11 June 2020.
15869:ICC case information sheet on the Kony case
15789:ICC case information sheet on the Chui case
14196:Berg, Stephanie van den (31 October 2023).
13715:Assembly of States Parties, Seventh Session
13105:
13103:
12844:
12768:. Archived from the original on 2 July 2007
12302:Lee, Roy S.; Lee, Roy Stuart, eds. (2001).
12192:
12190:
11544:
11542:
11540:
11284:
10729:
10727:
9404:
9345:. Cambridge Medford (Mass.): Polity press.
8402:The prosecution of Kenyan Deputy President
8226:
4187:Kosgey, Ali, Muthaura, Kenyatta, Ruto, Sang
2759:International Criminal Court investigations
2753:Investigations and preliminary examinations
1795:
1685:Sentencing or execution without due process
1223:
174:Parties and signatories of the Rome Statute
20210:
20196:
20168:Community of Portuguese Language Countries
20032:
20018:
19799:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
19684:
19670:
19580:International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
19402:
19388:
19029:Twenty-third Amendment of the Constitution
19017:Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act
18927:Agreements on the Enforcement of Sentences
18882:
18868:
18846:United Nations website on the Rome Statute
18725:
18618:
17685:"American Service-Members' Protection Act"
16978:. France 24. 15 March 2012. Archived from
16603:
16601:
16599:
16597:
16595:
16593:
16591:
16589:
16587:
16585:
14469:Situation in the Republic of CΓ΄te d'Ivoire
14326:"Policy Paper on Preliminary Examinations"
13341:
13215:
12653:
11866:"Policy Paper on Preliminary Examinations"
11603:
11569:
11531:"New ICC Presidency elected for 2024-2027"
11504:
11448:
11428:Amnesty International (11 November 2007).
11201:
10886:
9602:
9441:
9439:
8762:, crime against humanity committed by the
8754:such as alleged rapes and tortures by the
8265:African accusations of Western imperialism
3826:
1527:
1211:Judges of the International Criminal Court
1005:over their role in war crimes in Ukraine.
707:International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
20700:United Nations General Assembly observers
20275:North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
19867:UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
19819:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
19600:Special Panels of the Dili District Court
18584:
18200:Clare Foran; Haley Talbot (4 June 2024).
17784:"America the Unaccountable | David Luban"
17342:Quist-Arcton, Ofeibea (26 October 2016).
17043:Brett, Peter; Gissel, Line Engbo (2020).
16878:
16610:Building the International Criminal Court
15862:
13511:
13133:
12436:
12306:. Ardsley, NY: Transnational Publishers.
12169:
11806:"Policy Paper on the Interest of Justice"
11672:. No. July/August 2001. p. 95.
11659:
11211:Journal of International Criminal Justice
11157:Journal of International Criminal Justice
10989:(Fourth Revised and Completed ed.).
10754:
10291:
9887:
9855:
9785:
9675:Building the international criminal court
9644:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
9341:Archibugi, Daniele; Pease, Alice (2018).
9202:
8359:Learn how and when to remove this message
1947:views and observations before the Court.
1644:Destruction and appropriation of property
1074:As of February 2024, 124 states are
620:prosecuted Japanese leaders. In 1948 the
20690:Courts and tribunals established in 2002
19011:American Service-Members' Protection Act
18797:
18795:
18342:
18318:Publicinternationallawandpolicygroup.org
18265:
18221:"U.S.: 'Hague Invasion Act' Becomes Law"
17730:
17259:"Kenya vows to have ICC statute amended"
17019:
16661:
16621:
16619:
15936:ICC case information sheet on the Bemba
15746:
14086:
13889:
13100:
13029:International Committee of the Red Cross
12980:Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
12187:
11836:"Policy Paper on Victims' Participation"
11537:
10971:, Article 18. Accessed 23 November 2006.
10724:
10225:"The States Parties to the Rome Statute"
10195:"About the International Criminal Court"
9314:Schabas, William A. (17 February 2011).
9084:(database on International Criminal Law)
9067:American Service-Members' Protection Act
8904:American Service-Members' Protection Act
8724:American Service-Members' Protection Act
8697:
8603:
8370:
8087:
4871:Between beginning of trial and judgment
4824:Indicted but case was held inadmissible.
3816:
2762:
2624:
2330:
2309:
2079:International Committee of the Red Cross
2019:, which reflects the absolute nature of
1999:Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
1917:
1812:
1710:constitutes a manifest violation of the
1233:
1169:
883:
544:
205: Not a state party, not a signatory
20280:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
19902:Commission on the Status of Women (CSW)
19892:Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
19877:International Labour Organization (ILO)
18481:
18296:
18170:
17926:
17898:
17756:
17624:
17311:Onyanga-Omara, Jane (26 October 2016).
17283:
17085:
16582:
16069:The Prosecutor v. Walter Osapiri Barasa
15906:Rome Statute of the International Court
15740:Rome Statute of the International Court
13960:
13528:– via publicinternationallaw.org.
13009:
13007:
13005:
12870:
12840:from the original on 27 September 2015.
12728:
12726:
12627:Amnesty International (1 August 2000).
12605:
12593:
12581:
12569:
12557:
12520:
12461:
11613:US Department of State (30 July 2003).
10705:
10693:
10273:
10168:
9951:
9531:
9474:
9470:
9468:
9436:
9365:
9313:
8832:On 4 January 2021, U.S. District Judge
2210:52,000 m (560,000 sq ft)
1941:
1856:
1693:
1355:
1311:On 12 February 2021, British barrister
14:
20685:2002 establishments in the Netherlands
20672:
19917:UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)
18922:Agreement on Privileges and Immunities
18841:The States Parties to the Rome Statute
18438:
18436:
18311:
18278:from the original on 10 September 2018
18033:
17971:
17833:
17625:Chiappa, Claudia (25 September 2023).
17542:
17540:
17492:
17116:
17098:from the original on 28 September 2015
16801:
16768:
16607:
14092:
13161:"When Victims Want Peace, Not Justice"
12983:. United Nations. 1969. Archived from
12733:Hanson, Stephanie (17 November 2006).
12732:
12351:from the original on 23 September 2014
12301:
12278:"Peter Lewis elected as ICC Registrar"
12030:from the original on 23 September 2016
11994:from the original on 20 September 2016
11272:from the original on 17 September 2015
11063:from the original on 27 September 2021
11013:
9919:
9808:
9672:
9232:
9230:
9185:Dancy, Geoffrey Thomas (14 May 2021).
8968:position and actions in the conflict.
8483:African Union (AU) withdrawal proposal
1296:Lead prosecutor Luis Moreno Ocampo of
1201:. Her first term will expire in 2027.
978:U.N. Security Council Permanent Member
612:, prosecuted German leaders while the
20191:
20013:
19862:Organisation of American States (OAS)
19665:
19383:
19023:International Criminal Court Act 2001
18863:
18792:
18694:
17972:Haidar, Suhasini (5 September 2020).
17731:Marquand, Robert (13 February 2009).
17546:
17292:from the original on 23 November 2013
17239:from the original on 22 November 2013
17209:from the original on 16 November 2013
17024:. McGill Journal of Political Studies
17001:from the original on 20 December 2016
16917:
16737:
16704:
16616:
16334:from the original on 14 February 2022
14255:from the original on 28 December 2021
13939:
13482:
13038:from the original on 22 November 2008
13024:International Review of the Red Cross
12923:from the original on 7 December 2013.
12852:Report on the activities of the Court
11634:
11466:from the original on 12 December 2007
11132:from the original on 20 December 2016
10341:
10314:
10143:
9815:American Society of International Law
9756:
9754:
9728:
9726:
9538:American Journal of International Law
9265:American Journal of International Law
9184:
8914:, in his first major address as U.S.
4843:Pre-Trial Chamber currently in charge
2629:The ICC issued an arrest warrant for
2239:The official seat of the Court is in
1924:presumed innocent until proven guilty
1248:Estonia's Minister of Foreign Affairs
1036:Establishing the court's jurisdiction
983:Russia's Ministry of Internal Affairs
676:Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
187: Signatory that has not ratified
19824:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
19748:Committee on the Rights of the Child
18266:McKelvey, Tara (10 September 2018).
18219:Human Rights Watch (3 August 2002).
17701:
17434:"SA formally revokes ICC withdrawal"
17354:from the original on 27 October 2016
17323:from the original on 9 November 2016
17183:from the original on 27 October 2013
17157:from the original on 12 October 2013
17131:from the original on 18 October 2013
16997:. D+C, Development and Cooperation.
16992:
16882:The European Union's Africa Policies
16750:from the original on 9 November 2017
16719:from the original on 27 October 2016
16285:Situation in the Republic of Burundi
15850:from the original on 3 November 2019
15446:"Investigation: Republic of Burundi"
14769:"OTP letter to senders re Venezuela"
14744:"Situation in Iraq/UK: Final Report"
14195:
13921:from the original on 4 November 2021
13512:Thomasson, Emma (28 February 2006).
13432:from the original on 23 January 2015
13002:
12723:
12487:
12258:from the original on 1 November 2013
12157:from the original on 12 October 2016
12125:from the original on 12 October 2016
12093:from the original on 12 October 2016
12060:from the original on 12 October 2016
11936:from the original on 11 October 2016
11906:from the original on 11 October 2016
11876:from the original on 11 October 2016
11846:from the original on 11 October 2016
11816:from the original on 11 October 2016
11786:from the original on 11 October 2016
11755:from the original on 11 October 2016
11492:from the original on 18 January 2012
10950:from the original on 3 November 2018
10912:from the original on 29 October 2016
10315:Sunga, Lyal S. (17 September 1997).
10059:from the original on 15 October 2014
9465:
8980:
8624:In March 2023, Kremlin spokesperson
8297:adding citations to reliable sources
8268:
3322:Investigation pending authorization
2900:
2645:The Court's Pre-Trial Chambers have
2633:of Sudan over alleged war crimes in
2036:
1884:Trials are conducted under a hybrid
1743:Use of any weapons against territory
1647:Compelling service in hostile forces
1351:15 November 2016: Policy on Children
1273:when a situation is referred by the
1204:
957:On 17 March 2023, ICC judges issued
510:that hears disputes between states.
19730:Truth and reconciliation commission
19369:World Day for International Justice
18625:Leiden Journal of International Law
18585:Concannon, Brian (1 October 2000).
18524:from the original on 12 August 2017
18433:
17815:. Human Rights Watch. 15 March 2019
17757:Landler, Mark (10 September 2018).
17537:
17444:from the original on 12 August 2017
17284:Kaberia, Judie (20 November 2013).
17020:McDonald, Erin (15 November 2019).
15606:"Investigation: Bangladesh/Myanmar"
14131:
13564:
13159:Alasdair Palmer (14 January 2007).
13013:
12825:
12654:Glassborow, Katy (21 August 2006).
12502:from the original on 12 August 2017
10623:
10274:Hesenov, Rahim (1 September 2013).
10148:. Oxford: Oxford university press.
9847:from the original on 30 June 2018.
9227:
9191:Leiden Journal of International Law
8934:before the ICC over allegations of
8608:To avoid arrest, Russian president
8147:International Commission of Jurists
8067:According to Article 61 (8) of the
3734:Democratic Republic of the Congo II
2854:Investigation pending authorization
2346:
2327:Provisional headquarters, 2002β2015
1189:As of March 2024, the President is
1138:The Assembly elects the judges and
1076:parties to the Statute of the Court
1020:, leader of the Al Qassem Brigades
689:While work began on the draft, the
604:leaders accused of war crimes. The
89:
24:
20705:International courts and tribunals
20353:International relations since 1989
20343:Diplomatic history of World War II
20265:International Criminal Court (ICC)
20085:Bank for International Settlements
18891:International Criminal Court (ICC)
18744:
18463:from the original on 28 March 2016
18058:. Voice of America. 4 January 2021
17953:. Human Rights Watch. 11 June 2020
17927:Hansler, Jennifer (11 June 2020).
17265:from the original on 20 April 2016
16993:Seda, Darleen (19 November 2016).
16930:from the original on 27 April 2018
16899:from the original on 29 April 2016
16769:Onishi, Norimitsu (8 March 2017).
16215:. ICC press release. 21 June 2024.
14951:"Update on Situation in Palestine"
14722:"Preliminary examination: Iraq/UK"
13406:from the original on 16 March 2016
12891:from the original on 29 April 2016
12388:"United Nations Treaty Collection"
11153:"China's Attitude Towards the ICC"
10093:"United Nations Treaty Collection"
9809:Scharf, Michael P. (August 1998).
9751:
9723:
9637:
9447:"The International Criminal Court"
8891:
8766:, and war crimes committed by the
8521:The Gambia's presidential election
8163:Parliamentarians for Global Action
8155:Lawyers Committee for Human Rights
5868:partially re-sentenced upon appeal
5442:with charges dismissed, released
5023:
3756:Preliminary examination (phase 1)
3723:Preliminary examination closed on
3697:Preliminary examination (phase 2)
3583:Preliminary examination closed on
3437:Preliminary examination closed on
3348:Preliminary examination closed on
3295:Preliminary examination closed on
3268:Preliminary examination closed on
3241:Preliminary examination closed on
3130:Preliminary examination closed on
3103:Preliminary examination closed on
3016:Preliminary examination closed on
2909:Democratic Republic of the Congo I
1866:Individual criminal responsibility
1839:
1822:Temporal jurisdiction requirements
697:tribunals in the early 1990s: The
25:
20716:
20649:International political sociology
18825:
18619:Kyriakakis, Joanna (March 2017).
18240:"Who are America's real enemies?"
18034:Borger, Julian (1 October 2020).
17834:Corder, Mike (20 November 2017).
17781:
17414:from the original on 15 July 2017
17384:from the original on 19 July 2017
17117:Fortin, Jacey (12 October 2013).
17086:Cluskey, Peter (4 October 2013).
16834:from the original on 3 March 2016
16450:"UN Secretary-General visits ICC"
15001:"Preliminary examination: Guinea"
14284:from the original on 1 March 2022
14113:from the original on 10 July 2020
13835:from the original on 9 June 2013.
13805:from the original on 24 June 2017
13464:from the original on 6 March 2016
13109:Anthony Dworkin (December 2003).
12801:Ilaria Bottigliero (April 2003).
11773:
11024:United States Department of State
10874:from the original on 23 July 2021
9792:Cornell International Law Journal
9619:from the original on 7 March 2007
9475:Dempsey, Gary T. (16 July 1998).
9368:"International Law and Terrorism"
8898:United States Department of State
8231:
8083:
5310:authorities due to other charges
1653:Unlawful deportation and transfer
1641:Willfully causing great suffering
1599:Enforced disappearance of persons
1126:president and two vice-presidents
670:Formal proposal and establishment
20695:Organisations based in The Hague
19235:Democratic Republic of the Congo
19050:
18764:
18738:
18719:
18688:
18612:
18578:
18553:
18536:
18510:
18475:
18418:
18371:
18336:
18312:Scharf, Michael (4 April 2016).
18305:
18297:Hussain, Murtaza (20 May 2024).
18290:
18259:
18231:
18212:
18193:
18164:
18146:
18128:
18108:
18088:
18070:
18048:
18027:
17999:
17965:
17943:
17920:
17892:
17867:
17827:
17805:
17775:
17750:
17724:
17702:Roth, Ken, ed. (6 August 2002).
17695:
17677:
17663:
17637:
17618:
17600:
17586:
17568:
17547:Patil, Anushka (17 March 2023).
17512:
17474:from the original on 4 July 2017
17456:
17426:
17396:
17366:
17335:
17304:
17277:
17251:
17221:
17195:
17169:
17143:
17110:
17079:
17061:
17036:
16995:"Dissatisfaction with the court"
16986:
16942:
16918:Allen, Karen (24 October 2016).
16911:
16872:
16846:
16820:
16795:
16762:
16731:
16705:Sieff, Kevin (26 October 2016).
16655:
16543:
16511:
16479:
16406:
16394:
16382:
16370:
16358:
16346:
16302:
16290:
16278:
16266:
16254:
16242:
16230:
16218:
16206:
16194:
16182:
16170:
16158:
16146:
16134:
16122:
16098:
16086:
16074:
16062:
16050:
16026:
16002:
15990:
15978:
15966:
15954:
15945:
15929:
15917:
15898:
15886:
15874:
15818:
15806:
15794:
15782:
15770:
15758:
15732:
15720:
15708:
15696:
15674:
15645:
15620:
15598:
15576:
15554:
15507:
15485:
15460:
15438:
15416:
15394:
15372:
15350:
15328:
15306:
15277:
15230:
15208:
15186:
15161:
15139:
15113:
15091:
15037:
15015:
14993:
14968:
14943:
14921:
14899:
14877:
14855:
14830:
14808:
14786:
14761:
14736:
14692:
14670:
14623:
14601:
14579:
14532:
14510:
14488:
14459:
14437:
14415:
14393:
14368:
14351:"Policy on Situation Completion"
14343:
14318:
14296:
14249:"Situations under investigation"
14241:
14215:
14189:
14164:
14152:from the original on 8 July 2020
14061:
14043:
14018:
13999:
13979:
13954:
13933:
13907:
13875:
13861:
13839:
13825:"The world's enduring dictators"
13817:
13641:
13532:
13476:
13457:. International Criminal Court.
13444:
13418:
13392:
13367:
13323:"The Hague β International Zone"
13315:
13289:
13269:
13240:
13208:
13177:
13152:
13127:
13084:
13065:
13050:
12964:
12927:
12903:
12864:
12819:
12794:
12757:
12704:
12678:
12647:
12620:
12611:
12526:
12481:
12455:
12430:
12380:
12363:
12295:
12270:
12254:. International Criminal Court.
12244:
12226:
12208:
12137:
12105:
11202:Ramanathan, Usha (6 July 2005).
11031:from the original on 31 May 2002
10868:United Nations Treaty Collection
10831:United Nations Treaty Collection
9509:. 9 January 2008. Archived from
9236:
8693:
8273:
8078:
8041:
8032:
8023:
8014:
5036:Democratic Republic of the Congo
5013:
4846:
4837:
4827:
4818:
4809:
4800:
4791:
4782:
4773:
4764:
3934:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3870:Procedures finished, due to ...
3806:
3797:
3788:
3779:
3769:
3739:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3363:United Nations Security Council
3059:United Nations Security Council
2915:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2802:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2620:
2376:
2102:
1769:to carry out acts of armed force
1063:
952:Democratic Republic of the Congo
797:guilty of war crimes related to
709:, created in 1994 following the
167:
153:
20644:International political economy
19922:UN Development Programme (UNDP)
19882:World Health Organization (WHO)
18238:John Sutherland (8 July 2002).
16738:Moore, Jina (27 October 2017).
14093:Simons, Marlise (6 July 2020).
13961:Brouwer, Anne-Marie de (2005).
13452:"Permanent Premises of the ICC"
13184:Alena Skodova (12 April 2002).
12666:from the original on 9 May 2007
12072:
12042:
12006:
11973:
11948:
11918:
11888:
11858:
11828:
11798:
11774:S, Barrie (29 September 2016).
11767:
11737:
11711:
11692:
11628:
11478:
11421:
11252:
11195:
11144:
11106:
11075:
11043:
11007:
10974:
10962:
10924:
10699:
10668:
10650:
10636:
10617:
10595:
10569:
10543:
10517:
10335:
10321:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
10308:
10267:
10242:
10217:
10187:
10162:
10137:
10107:
10085:
10071:
10041:
10015:
9970:
9945:
9833:
9802:
9779:
9691:
9666:
9631:
9572:
9525:
9507:"Benjamin B Ferencz, Biography"
9499:
9398:
8958:
8768:Afghan National Security Forces
8658:South African Foreign Minister
8284:needs additional citations for
8110:United Nations Security Council
5318:Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui
4973:Confirmation of charges hearing
4278:L. Gbagbo, BlΓ© GoudΓ©, S. Gbagbo
2864:Preliminary examination ongoing
2739:2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel
2297:
2089:
1323:
1275:United Nations Security Council
879:United Nations Security Council
823:
622:United Nations General Assembly
606:International Military Tribunal
502:. The ICC is distinct from the
346:
331:
316:
20100:International Seabed Authority
19809:European Court of Human Rights
19641:International humanitarian law
19585:Special Court for Sierra Leone
18669:Carrillo-Santarelli, NicolΓ‘s.
18384:Journal of Conflict Resolution
17899:Bowcott, Owen (5 March 2020).
17689:US Department of State Archive
16668:Gender in Transitional Justice
14069:"International Criminal Court"
13940:Sieff, Kevin (21 March 2016).
13093:Nicaragua v. the United States
12934:International Criminal Court.
12871:Moffett, Luke (27 June 2014).
12764:International Criminal Court.
12178:International Criminal Court.
11583:International Criminal Court.
11549:International Criminal Court.
10766:International Criminal Court.
10734:International Criminal Court.
10557:(in German). 25 September 2023
9956:. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
9952:Cassese, Antonio, ed. (2002).
9586:. 20 June 2006. Archived from
9359:
9334:
9320:. Cambridge University Press.
9307:
9253:
9178:
9153:
9144:
9077:International Court of Justice
9020:Jurisdiction over corporations
8684:Luz del Carmen IbÑñez Carranza
8569:
8505:amendments to the Rome Statute
8308:"International Criminal Court"
8250:Gambia's presidential election
8106:International Court of Justice
5963:Jean-Jacques Mangenda Kabongo
5687:verdict and sentence confirmed
5211:Verdict and sentence confirmed
5120:verdict and sentence confirmed
5047:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
2874:Preliminary examination closed
2830:Iraq / the United Kingdom
2277:
2021:international humanitarian law
1975:
1783:Jurisdiction and admissibility
1679:Outrages upon personal dignity
1049:Article 15 of the Rome Statute
572:Commission of Responsibilities
504:International Court of Justice
460:intergovernmental organization
32:International Court of Justice
13:
1:
18937:Charter of the United Nations
17737:The Christian Science Monitor
17493:Davies, Harry (28 May 2024).
16612:. Cambridge University Press.
15815:. ICC. Retrieved 30 May 2012.
13284: PDF (2.23 MB)
13075:. 8 June 1977. Archived from
9786:Bassiouni, M. Cherif (1999).
9372:American Behavioral Scientist
9271:(1β2): 95β154. January 1920.
9108:
8920:detainee abuse in Afghanistan
8726:, (informally referred to as
8414:(AU) summit in October 2013.
8208:
8120:Nongovernmental organizations
6332:Abdel Raheem Muhammad Hussein
4419:Guchmazov, Mindzaev, Sanakoev
2303:different organs of the ICC.
2084:
1761:Sending armed bands, groups,
1712:Charter of the United Nations
1612:
1159:
1024:, and Hamas political leader
877:referred to the Court by the
553:
376:
56:(in other official languages)
36:International Cricket Council
20680:International Criminal Court
20612:Related fields and subfields
20090:International Criminal Court
19758:International Criminal Court
19605:Special Tribunal for Lebanon
19590:International Criminal Court
18851:International Criminal Court
18565:International Criminal Court
18349:. Cornell University Press.
17124:International Business Times
16476:. Retrieved 1 February 2007.
16327:International Criminal Court
14975:Hussein Adem, Seada (2019).
14794:"Investigation: Afghanistan"
14055:International Criminal Court
13901:International Criminal Court
13796:International Criminal Court
13750:"Resolution ICC-ASP/7/Res.1"
13669:"Resolution ICC-ASP/6/Res.4"
12859: PDF (151 KB)
12739:Council on Foreign Relations
11460:"Assembly of States Parties"
11265:International Criminal Court
10799:United Nations member states
10736:"Assembly of States Parties"
9673:Schiff, Benjamin N. (2008).
9584:International Criminal Court
8990:Principle of complementarity
6861:with case held inadmissible
4348:Central African Republic II
4228:M. Gaddafi, Khaled, Werfalli
3758:
3728:
3699:
3673:
3647:
3614:
3588:
3559:
3533:
3503:
3470:
3447:Central African Republic II
3442:
3413:
3383:
3353:
3324:
3300:
3273:
3246:
3219:
3191:
3163:
3135:
3108:
3079:
3049:
3021:
2994:
2964:
2936:
2369:Suspects held by the former
2364:Haaglanden Penal Institution
2097:International Criminal Court
1874:
1476:(defined in article 8), and
1054:
848:
626:International Law Commission
448:International Criminal Court
47:International Criminal Court
30:Not to be confused with the
7:
20095:International Monetary Fund
20041:International organizations
19912:UN Children's Fund (UNICEF)
19646:International speech crimes
19427:Customary international law
18429:. Vol. 30, no. 4.
16879:Sicurelli, Daniela (2010).
16802:Gissel, Line Engbo (2020).
13489:Permanentrepresentations.nl
12811:(32): 13β15. Archived from
9979:"Judges and the Presidency"
9405:Fichtelberg, Aaron (2009).
9055:
8855:for Israeli Prime Minister
8760:Central Intelligence Agency
8743:Donald Trump administration
8675:attended in Putin's place.
4035:Central African Republic I
3026:Central African Republic I
2891:Preliminary examination on
2878:
1491:
1367:
1261:international organisations
1114:
1012:, Israeli Defense Minister
861:that serves as the court's
786:The Court issued its first
726:United Nations headquarters
508:organ of the United Nations
120:ΠΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄
10:
20721:
20654:Peace and conflict studies
20270:Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
20105:World Customs Organization
19907:UN Population Fund (UNFPA)
19467:Convention Against Torture
19411:International criminal law
19359:European Union and the ICC
17596:. NBC News. 25 March 2023.
16367:. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
16251:. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16239:. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
16227:. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
15883:. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
15871:. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
14278:"Preliminary examinations"
13349:"ICC β Permanent Premises"
13253:Cambridge University Press
11745:"Office of the Prosecutor"
11585:"Office of the Prosecutor"
10624:Lau, Chris (20 May 2024).
9766:www.coalitionfortheicc.org
8972:Unintentional consequences
8709:
8597:
8529:High Court of South Africa
8486:
8258:High Court of South Africa
8209:Assembly of States Parties
8127:international human rights
7778:
7757:
7743:
7723:
7703:
7685:
7254:14 July 2020 β 25 May 2023
4721:
4149:
4091:Haroun, al-Bashir, Hussein
4079:
3983:
3973:Katanga, Lubanga, Ntaganda
3932:
3652:Bangladesh / Myanmar
3085:Iraq / United Kingdom
2756:
2404:
2350:
2069:peaceful transfer of power
2041:Assembly of States Parties
1848:
1831:Admissibility requirements
1504:Killing members of a group
1227:
1208:
1163:
1067:
946:and former Vice President
578:under the auspices of the
540:
419:β’ Entered into force
75:Cour pΓ©nale internationale
29:
20611:
20563:
20361:
20318:
20293:
20247:
20238:
20225:
20148:
20110:Inter-Parliamentary Union
20074:
20055:
19979:
19940:
19832:
19786:
19768:UN Human Rights Committee
19738:
19725:Human rights institutions
19707:
19636:Joint criminal enterprise
19618:
19549:
19480:
19417:
19364:United States and the ICC
19336:
19311:
19293:
19220:
19213:
19123:
19097:
19090:
19059:
19048:
19003:
18968:
18952:
18945:
18904:
18897:
18637:10.1017/S0922156516000650
18496:10.1007/s10609-007-9054-5
18343:Krcmaric, Daniel (2020).
16647:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
16608:Schiff, Benjamin (2008).
16574:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
16203:. Retrieved 30 June 2024.
16167:. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
16155:. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
16143:. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
16119:. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
16083:. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
16059:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16047:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16035:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16023:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
16011:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15999:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15987:. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
15963:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15942:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15926:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15827:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15803:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15791:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15755:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15729:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
15705:. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
14132:Kuo, Lily (7 July 2020).
13516:. Reuters. Archived from
13286:. Retrieved 1 June 2008.)
13134:Tim Cocks (30 May 2007).
13116:16 September 2007 at the
12861:. Retrieved 18 June 2007.
12656:"Defending the Defenders"
12437:Broomhall, Bruce (2004).
12184:. Retrieved 21 July 2007.
10360:10.1163/15718179820518629
10293:10.1007/s10610-012-9189-8
10169:Schabas, William (2003).
10144:Roach, Steven C. (2009).
9423:10.1080/07311290902831268
9204:10.1017/S0922156521000194
9050:environmental degradation
9042:environmental degradation
8916:National Security Advisor
8593:
8539:
8507:to address the concerns.
8143:World Federalist Movement
7971:
7943:
7904:
7876:
7837:
7809:
7787:
7783:
7762:
7748:
7728:
7708:
7690:
7618:
7590:
7574:
7570:
7463:
7388:Patrice-Edouard NgaΓ―ssona
7382:
7379:
7370:
7351:
7312:
7308:
7271:
7264:sentence to be delivered
7201:
7118:
7114:
7022:
7016:
7009:
6988:
6937:
6933:
6925:
6904:
6895:
6887:
6870:
6855:
6804:
6793:
6776:
6760:
6673:
6664:
6623:
6584:
6563:
6557:
6555:
6539:
6534:
6515:
6506:with charges dismissed
6500:
6444:
6438:
6419:
6407:
6402:
6383:
6367:
6322:
6320:
6301:
6292:
6289:
6285:
6273:
6268:
6243:
6226:
6136:
6082:
6079:
6054:
6038:
6026:
5988:
5950:
5927:
5916:
5897:
5887:
5874:
5845:
5834:
5806:
5709:
5704:
5700:
5604:
5577:
5550:
5529:
5501:
5485:
5450:Sylvestre Mudacumura
5436:
5261:
5034:
5002:
4997:
4988:
4979:
4970:
4960:
4955:
4945:
4940:
4751:
3877:
3872:
3869:
3866:
3863:
3860:
3762:
3450:Central African Republic
3029:Central African Republic
2743:Reporters Without Borders
2599:
2588:
2572:
2556:
2540:
2524:
2508:
2492:
2476:
2460:
2444:
2428:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2229:
2219:
2214:
2206:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2146:
2135:
2127:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2101:
2096:
1151:
431:
427:
417:
401:
397:
392:
388:
373:
358:
343:
328:
313:
309:
304:
294:
246:
223:
212:
166:
150:
135:Corte Penal Internacional
126:
119:
111:
104:
96:
81:
66:
45:
20140:World Trade Organization
19980:ICRC β organization with
19804:African Court of Justice
19556:(in order of foundation)
18396:10.1177/0022002714567946
17879:scholarship.law.duke.edu
16191:. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
16179:. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
16131:. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
15717:. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
15586:. ICC. 18 September 2018
15517:. ICC. 15 September 2021
15473:. ICC. 21 September 2018
15316:. ICC. 24 September 2014
15025:. ICC. 29 September 2022
14306:. ICC. 29 September 2016
13426:"ICC Permanent Premises"
13297:"ICC Permanent Premises"
12936:"Trust Fund for Victims"
10768:"Structure of the Court"
9798:(3 Symposium 1999): 444.
9384:10.1177/0002764204272576
8493:South African President
8227:Criticism and opposition
8167:No Peace Without Justice
7781:Investigation initiated
7760:Investigation initiated
7746:Investigation initiated
7726:Investigation initiated
7706:Investigation initiated
7688:Investigation initiated
7314:Central African Republic
7207:Al Hassan Ag Abdoul Aziz
6867:Al-Tuhamy Mohamed Khaled
6629:with charges dismissed
6232:with charges dismissed
5706:Central African Republic
4367:Yekatom, NgaΓ―ssona, Said
3671:Investigation (phase 1)
3645:Investigation (phase 1)
3612:Investigation (phase 1)
3557:Investigation (phase 1)
3531:Investigation (phase 1)
3501:Investigation (phase 1)
3468:Investigation (phase 2)
3411:Investigation (phase 1)
3381:Investigation (phase 1)
3217:Investigation (phase 2)
3189:Investigation (phase 2)
3161:Investigation (phase 1)
3077:Investigation (phase 1)
3047:Investigation (phase 2)
2992:Investigation (phase 2)
2962:Investigation (phase 1)
2934:Investigation (phase 1)
1879:
1802:territorial jurisdiction
1796:Territorial jurisdiction
1472:(defined in article 7),
1468:(defined in article 6),
1224:Office of the Prosecutor
995:Russian Aerospace Forces
558:The establishment of an
525:. However, it has faced
338:Rosario Salvatore Aitala
90:Ψ§ΩΩ
ΨΩΩ
Ψ© Ψ§ΩΨ¬ΩΨ§Ψ¦ΩΨ© Ψ§ΩΨ―ΩΩΩΨ©
20629:Foreign policy analysis
20441:International community
20219:International relations
20163:Commonwealth of Nations
19773:UN Human Rights Council
19720:Human rights commission
19494:Crimes against humanity
19072:Crimes against humanity
18777:Herbert Smith Freehills
18427:International Relations
16676:10.1057/9780230348615_2
15911:its sentencing decision
15904:Article 110 (3) of the
15738:Article 110 (3) of the
15633:. ICC. 14 February 2022
15542:. ICC. 17 February 2020
15404:. ICC. 20 December 2019
15382:. ICC. 17 November 2023
15240:. ICC. 30 November 2017
15149:. ICC. 28 February 2011
15079:. ICC. 14 December 2020
14931:. ICC. 16 December 2022
14865:. ICC. 27 November 2023
14658:. ICC. 16 December 2022
13073:"Additional Protocol I"
12766:"Victims and witnesses"
12686:"Rights of the Defence"
10342:Sunga, Lyal S. (1998).
9411:Criminal Justice Ethics
9165:Encyclopædia Britannica
9072:Crimes against humanity
8949:
8682:and its vice-president
7800:Arrest warrants article
7477:Mahamat Said Abdel Kani
7469:with charges withdrawn
7182:convicted and sentenced
7112:with charges withdrawn
5881:re-sentencing confirmed
4011:Lukwiya, Odhiambo, Otti
2215:Design and construction
1528:Crimes against humanity
1470:crimes against humanity
1001:, the commander of the
989:, the commander of the
934:, Libyan head of state
906:official investigations
600:tribunals to prosecute
492:crimes against humanity
19651:Universal jurisdiction
19626:Command responsibility
19519:Incitement to genocide
19457:United Nations Charter
19105:List of states parties
18380:Powell, Emilia Justyna
17380:. Human Rights Watch.
16885:. Ashgate Publishing.
15564:. ICC. 5 November 2021
15294:. ICC. 2 December 2019
15218:. ICC. 16 January 2013
15047:. ICC. 28 October 2015
14909:. ICC. 27 January 2016
14843:. ICC. 5 February 2008
14774:. ICC. 9 February 2006
14749:. ICC. 9 December 2020
14589:. ICC. 28 October 2021
14567:. ICC. 5 December 2019
14542:. ICC. 1 December 2023
14498:. ICC. 26 October 2005
14331:. ICC. 1 November 2013
13849:. BBC. 4 November 2021
12462:KΓΆchler, Hans (2003).
12198:"Osvaldo Zavala Giler"
10706:Moffett, Luke (2016).
10254:coalitionfortheicc.org
8910:On 10 September 2018,
8728:The Hague Invasion Act
8707:
8621:
8380:
8101:
7131:Ahmad al-Faqi al-Mahdi
6440:Proceedings terminated
2816:, Bangladesh/Myanmar,
2789:
2732:crimes against Uyghurs
2714:Ahmad al-Faqi al-Mahdi
2638:
2336:
2315:
2074:Lord's Resistance Army
1638:Biological experiments
1584:Enforced sterilization
1480:(defined in article 8
1255:
1178:
1122:decisions by consensus
1090:the Rome Statute. The
897:
892:and Russian president
566:in 1919 following the
564:Paris Peace Conference
560:international tribunal
550:
527:a number of criticisms
464:international tribunal
134:
74:
19951:Amnesty International
19354:Coalition for the ICC
19036:VΓΆlkerstrafgesetzbuch
18695:Graff, Julia (2004).
18174:(24 September 2024).
17771:on 11 September 2018.
17470:. South Africa: TMG.
16627:"About the Coalition"
15846:. 18 September 2019.
14887:. ICC. 20 August 2008
14611:. ICC. 7 January 2007
14476:. ICC. 3 October 2011
12815:on 28 September 2007.
12719:on 27 September 2007.
12222:on 29 September 2015.
12153:. 19 September 2016.
12056:. 15 September 2016.
10081:. BBC. 13 March 2012.
9650:10.1017/9781108771818
8863:committed during the
8834:Katherine Polk Failla
8819:Executive Order 13928
8801:, Treasury secretary
8701:
8638:war crimes in Ukraine
8607:
8578:in connection to its
8517:2003 invasion of Iraq
8374:
8175:Amnesty International
8151:Amnesty International
8091:
7794:Investigation article
7774:Investigation article
7739:Investigation article
7719:Investigation article
7581:Investigation article
7125:Investigation article
6810:Saif al-Islam Gaddafi
6767:Investigation article
6731:Philip Kipkoech Bett
6374:Investigation article
6184:Bahr Idriss Abu Garda
6045:Investigation article
5492:Investigation article
5391:Callixte Mbarushimana
5041:Investigation article
4488:Bangladesh / Myanmar
2766:
2662:Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui
2628:
2334:
2313:
2288:Schmidt Hammer Lassen
2268:The Hague World Forum
2224:Schmidt Hammer Lassen
2017:Additional Protocol I
1918:Rights of the accused
1813:Personal jurisdiction
1574:Enforced prostitution
1237:
1173:
912:Dozens of individuals
887:
867:124 ICC member states
638:, an investigator of
548:
347:Second Vice-President
20619:Comparative politics
20120:New Development Bank
19982:special status based
19552:International courts
19452:Nuremberg principles
19344:Legal Tools Database
19082:Crimes of aggression
17374:"Gambia rejoins ICC"
17235:. 16 November 2013.
16273:Situation in Georgia
15338:. ICC. 11 March 2022
14403:. ICC. 19 April 2004
13520:on 28 September 2007
13255:. pp. 613β614.
13173:on 19 February 2008.
13166:The Sunday Telegraph
13148:on 21 February 2008.
13079:on 10 December 2008.
12339:"Elements of Crimes"
11956:"Policy on Children"
11268:. 8 September 2015.
11191:on 14 December 2005.
11125:. 30 November 2016.
10115:"Kampala Amendments"
9613:"History of the ICC"
9590:on 27 September 2007
9035:La Sabana University
8473:Hailemariam Desalegn
8444:United Arab Emirates
8293:improve this article
7467:Proceedings finished
7199:(after seven years)
7110:Proceedings finished
6929:Proceedings finished
6891:Proceedings finished
6859:Proceedings finished
6797:Proceedings finished
6722:Proceedings finished
6627:Proceedings finished
6590:Mohammed Hussein Ali
6559:Proceedings finished
6504:Proceedings finished
6324:Proceedings finished
6254:(warrant of arrest)
6230:Proceedings finished
5936:Fidèle Babala Wandu
5902:AimΓ© Kilolo Musamba
5608:Proceedings finished
5581:Proceedings finished
5554:Proceedings finished
5440:Proceedings finished
5425:16-21 September 2011
5374:acquittal confirmed
5264:27 Juneβ18 July 2008
5230:Germain Katanga
2726:On 6 July 2020, two
2186:Construction started
2170:52.10556Β°N 4.31778Β°E
1942:Victim participation
1857:Interests of justice
1704:crimes of aggression
1694:Crimes of aggression
1656:Unlawful confinement
1650:Denying a fair trial
1478:crimes of aggression
1446:Osvaldo Zavala Giler
1375:Osvaldo Zavala Giler
1356:Environmental crimes
902:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
799:using child soldiers
795:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
648:Einsatzgruppen trial
484:international crimes
383:Osvaldo Zavala Giler
353:Reine Alapini-Gansou
332:First Vice-President
20401:Collective security
20285:United Nations (UN)
20149:Cultural IGOs
19778:UN Security Council
19499:Crime of aggression
19462:Genocide Convention
18449:The Washington Post
18365:10.7591/j.ctvrs90j0
18227:on 18 January 2015.
18172:Whitson, Sarah Leah
18121:Scottish Legal News
17524:The Philippine Star
16956:. 24 September 2013
16830:. 11 October 2012.
16712:The Washington Post
16531:on 16 February 2008
16499:on 16 February 2008
16330:. 5 February 2021.
15684:. ICC. 15 June 2023
15662:. ICC. 15 June 2023
15495:. ICC. 14 June 2021
15426:. ICC. 3 March 2021
15360:. ICC. 2 March 2022
15196:. ICC. 18 July 2012
15174:. ICC. 3 March 2011
15101:. ICC. 23 June 2014
14956:. ICC. 3 April 2012
14818:. ICC. 5 March 2020
14680:. ICC. 1 April 2005
14520:. ICC. 29 July 2004
14447:. ICC. 22 June 2011
14425:. ICC. 23 June 2004
14381:. ICC. 16 July 2003
14356:. ICC. 15 June 2021
13947:The Washington Post
13303:on 23 February 2016
13196:on 20 February 2008
13014:Zhu, Wenqi (2006).
12745:on 26 February 2008
12660:Global Policy Forum
12572:, pp. 303β304.
12537:. Leiden: Nijhoff.
12118:The Washington Post
11780:Justice in Conflict
11223:10.1093/jicj/mqi055
11204:"India and the ICC"
11169:10.1093/jicj/mqi056
10905:. 28 October 2016.
10583:. 25 September 2023
10531:. 25 September 2023
9933:on 24 December 2014
9487:on 28 December 2006
9366:Galicki, Z (2016).
8805:, attorney general
8612:did not attend the
8580:escalating drug war
8510:On 7 October 2016,
8100:to the ICC in 2005.
8098:situation in Darfur
8094:UN Security Council
8001:Not in ICC custody
7969:Not in ICC custody
7934:Not in ICC custody
7902:Not in ICC custody
7867:Not in ICC custody
7835:Not in ICC custody
7676:Not in ICC custody
7646:Not in ICC custody
7616:Not in ICC custody
7568:Not in ICC custody
7524:26 September 2022 β
7306:Not in ICC custody
7010:Acquittal confirmed
6978:19β28 February 2013
6901:Mahmoud al-Werfalli
6834:Not in ICC custody
6754:Not in ICC custody
6662:Not in ICC custody
6422:10 September 2013 β
6361:Not in ICC custody
6176:Not in ICC custody
6143:Omar al-Bashir
6080:Not in ICC custody
5683:14-18 February 2022
5616:Dominic Ongwen
5527:Not in ICC custody
5177:10-14 February 2014
5143:Bosco Ntaganda
4937:
4894:Yekatom, NgaΓ―ssona
4861:
3867:Ongoing procedures
3857:
3418:Registered vessels
2411:
2166: /
2115:General information
1965:restorative justice
1726:Military occupation
1608:Other inhumane acts
1382:
991:Long-Range Aviation
961:for Russian leader
918:, former President
888:Sudanese president
859:multilateral treaty
818:crime of aggression
691:UN Security Council
660:Robert Kurt Woetzel
636:Benjamin B. Ferencz
500:crime of aggression
19986:Geneva Conventions
19971:Human Rights First
19961:Human Rights Watch
19715:Human rights group
19504:Crime of apartheid
19442:Geneva Conventions
19067:Crimes of genocide
18932:Geneva Conventions
18809:. 19 February 2021
18701:Human Rights Brief
18484:Criminal Law Forum
18324:on 29 January 2017
17764:The New York Times
17554:The New York Times
16783:on 28 October 2017
16776:The New York Times
16744:The New York Times
15985:Abd-Al-Rahman Case
15843:Al Jazeera English
15127:. 26 February 2011
14702:. ICC. 6 June 2007
14633:. ICC. 22 May 2007
14099:The New York Times
13766:on 30 October 2011
13722:(PDF, 309 KB)
13683:(PDF, 323 KB)
13219:(4 October 2000).
13214:See, for example,
12990:on 17 October 2013
12488:Tsilonis, Victor.
11591:on 19 January 2008
10837:on 18 January 2011
10803:State of Palestine
10742:on 18 January 2008
10205:on 18 January 2022
9985:on 24 August 2012.
9907:on 2 February 2023
9711:on 19 October 2013
9638:Ba, Oumar (2020).
9453:on 5 December 2006
8861:Israeli war crimes
8857:Benjamin Netanyahu
8796:Secretary of State
8752:War in Afghanistan
8738:the Rome Statute.
8708:
8649:Vyacheslav Volodin
8622:
8381:
8375:Kenyan politician
8171:Human Rights Watch
8159:Human Rights Watch
8102:
7843:Maria Lvova-Belova
7511:12β14 October 2022
7505:28β29 January 2021
7459:22β24 August 2023
7373:16 February 2021 β
6489:1-8 September 2011
6410:1-8 September 2011
6214:19-29 October 2009
5749:12-15 January 2009
5645:21β27 January 2016
5562:Raska Lukwiya
5535:Okot Odhiambo
5081:9-28 November 2006
4966:Initial appearance
4935:
4859:
4396:Yekatom, NgaΓ―ssona
3966:Chui, Mbarushimana
3864:Publicly indicted
3855:
2790:
2639:
2409:
2337:
2316:
2013:Geneva Conventions
1749:of ports or coasts
1635:Inhumane treatment
1620:Geneva Conventions
1380:
1287:Luis Moreno-Ocampo
1256:
1244:Luis Moreno Ocampo
1179:
1016:, leader of Hamas
1010:Benjamin Netanyahu
970:Maria Lvova-Belova
898:
684:illegal drug trade
674:In June 1989, the
644:United States Army
551:
248:Official languages
20667:
20666:
20639:International law
20508:Right of conquest
20473:National interest
20416:Deterrence theory
20314:
20313:
20301:League of Nations
20185:
20184:
20181:
20180:
20057:Intergovernmental
20007:
20006:
19847:Council of Europe
19659:
19658:
19485:international law
19447:Nuremberg Charter
19437:Hague Conventions
19377:
19376:
19332:
19331:
19209:
19208:
19115:Review Conference
19046:
19045:
18999:
18998:
18780:. 2 November 2016
18356:978-1-5017-5021-2
17075:. 4 October 2013.
16982:on 26 March 2013.
16860:. 30 January 2011
16813:978-0-367-59335-3
16685:978-0-230-34861-5
14986:978-94-6265-290-3
14229:. 1 November 2023
13972:978-90-5095-533-1
13798:. 25 April 2017.
13789:"The Court Today"
13262:978-0-521-80899-6
12544:978-90-04-14931-1
12474:978-3-211-00795-2
12448:978-0-19-927424-6
12313:978-1-57105-209-4
11707:on 3 August 2012.
11436:on 11 August 2014
10943:. 19 March 2018.
10801:(193) due to the
10774:on 13 August 2010
10717:978-0-415-72239-1
10457:on 17 March 2023.
10439:(17 March 2023).
10328:978-90-411-0472-4
10180:978-0-521-01149-5
10155:978-0-19-954673-2
10055:. 14 March 2012.
10003:on 6 October 2014
9963:978-0-19-829862-5
9875:on 4 October 2023
9684:978-0-521-87312-3
9659:978-1-108-48877-8
9513:on 9 January 2008
9352:978-1-5095-1261-4
9327:978-1-139-49660-5
8981:State cooperation
8930:efforts to bring
8827:Diane Marie Amann
8756:U.S. Armed Forces
8669:15th BRICS Summit
8614:15th BRICS summit
8369:
8368:
8361:
8343:
8005:
8004:
7802:
7796:
7776:
7741:
7721:
7623:Gamlet Guchmazov
7583:
7354:19 September 2019
7248:30 September 2019
7185:27 September 2016
7178:22β24 August 2016
7159:30 September 2015
7154:26 September 2015
7136:18 September 2015
7127:
7028:Charles BlΓ© GoudΓ©
6769:
6376:
6251:11 September 2014
6051:Ahmed Haroun
6047:
5871:17 September 2018
5848:29 September 2015
5784:9-16 January 2018
5711:Jean-Pierre Bemba
5589:Vincent Otti
5494:
5396:28 September 2010
5270:26 September 2008
5135:(after 14 years)
5043:
4933:
4932:
4755:
4754:
4691:
4420:
4403:
4397:
4384:
4368:
4358:
4343:
4333:
4314:
4304:
4279:
4236:
4229:
4213:
4188:
4178:
4162:
4145:
4139:
4126:
4116:
4106:
4099:
4092:
4070:
4063:
4062:Bemba (main case)
4025:
4012:
3996:
3974:
3967:
3945:
3885:Not before court
3853:
3852:
3662:18 September 2018
3631:27 September 2018
3608:15 September 2021
3585:21 September 2018
3576:29 September 2016
3571:21 September 2016
3464:24 September 2014
3270:29 September 2022
2894:Investigation on
2669:Jean-Pierre Bemba
2647:publicly indicted
2610:
2609:
2545:Republic of Korea
2324:
2323:
2237:
2236:
2202:Technical details
2175:52.10556; 4.31778
1740:against territory
1498:intent to destroy
1456:
1455:
1205:Judicial Division
1028:in connection to
948:Jean-Pierre Bemba
680:A. N. R. Robinson
580:League of Nations
519:international law
444:
443:
225:Working languages
181: State party
141:
140:
16:(Redirected from
20712:
20659:Security studies
20451:Internationality
20446:Internationalism
20245:
20244:
20212:
20205:
20198:
20189:
20188:
20156:
20135:World Bank Group
20072:
20071:
20068:
20050:
20034:
20027:
20020:
20011:
20010:
19686:
19679:
19672:
19663:
19662:
19619:Related concepts
19557:
19514:Genocidal intent
19404:
19397:
19390:
19381:
19380:
19218:
19217:
19095:
19094:
19054:
19025:(United Kingdom)
18969:Security Council
18953:General Assembly
18950:
18949:
18902:
18901:
18884:
18877:
18870:
18861:
18860:
18837:
18836:
18834:Official website
18819:
18818:
18816:
18814:
18799:
18790:
18789:
18787:
18785:
18768:
18762:
18761:
18759:
18757:
18742:
18736:
18735:
18723:
18717:
18716:
18714:
18712:
18692:
18686:
18685:
18683:
18681:
18666:
18657:
18656:
18616:
18610:
18609:
18607:
18605:
18582:
18576:
18575:
18573:
18571:
18557:
18551:
18550:
18548:
18540:
18534:
18533:
18531:
18529:
18514:
18508:
18507:
18479:
18473:
18472:
18470:
18468:
18440:
18431:
18430:
18422:
18416:
18415:
18390:(7): 1191β1218.
18378:Nalepa, Monika;
18375:
18369:
18368:
18340:
18334:
18333:
18331:
18329:
18320:. Archived from
18309:
18303:
18302:
18301:. The Intercept.
18294:
18288:
18287:
18285:
18283:
18263:
18257:
18256:
18254:
18252:
18235:
18229:
18228:
18223:. Archived from
18216:
18210:
18209:
18197:
18191:
18190:
18188:
18186:
18168:
18162:
18161:
18150:
18144:
18143:
18132:
18126:
18125:
18112:
18106:
18105:
18104:. 28 April 2024.
18092:
18086:
18085:
18074:
18068:
18067:
18065:
18063:
18052:
18046:
18045:
18031:
18025:
18024:
18022:
18020:
18003:
17997:
17996:
17994:
17992:
17969:
17963:
17962:
17960:
17958:
17947:
17941:
17940:
17938:
17936:
17924:
17918:
17917:
17915:
17913:
17896:
17890:
17889:
17887:
17885:
17871:
17865:
17864:
17862:
17860:
17846:Associated Press
17831:
17825:
17824:
17822:
17820:
17809:
17803:
17802:
17800:
17798:
17779:
17773:
17772:
17767:. Archived from
17754:
17748:
17747:
17745:
17743:
17728:
17722:
17721:
17716:
17714:
17699:
17693:
17692:
17681:
17675:
17674:
17667:
17661:
17660:
17658:
17656:
17651:. 30 August 2024
17641:
17635:
17634:
17622:
17616:
17615:
17604:
17598:
17597:
17590:
17584:
17583:
17582:. 28 March 2023.
17572:
17566:
17565:
17563:
17561:
17544:
17535:
17534:
17532:
17530:
17516:
17510:
17509:
17507:
17505:
17490:
17484:
17483:
17481:
17479:
17460:
17454:
17453:
17451:
17449:
17430:
17424:
17423:
17421:
17419:
17400:
17394:
17393:
17391:
17389:
17370:
17364:
17363:
17361:
17359:
17339:
17333:
17332:
17330:
17328:
17308:
17302:
17301:
17299:
17297:
17281:
17275:
17274:
17272:
17270:
17255:
17249:
17248:
17246:
17244:
17225:
17219:
17218:
17216:
17214:
17199:
17193:
17192:
17190:
17188:
17173:
17167:
17166:
17164:
17162:
17147:
17141:
17140:
17138:
17136:
17114:
17108:
17107:
17105:
17103:
17083:
17077:
17076:
17065:
17059:
17058:
17040:
17034:
17033:
17031:
17029:
17017:
17011:
17010:
17008:
17006:
16990:
16984:
16983:
16972:
16966:
16965:
16963:
16961:
16946:
16940:
16939:
16937:
16935:
16915:
16909:
16908:
16906:
16904:
16876:
16870:
16869:
16867:
16865:
16850:
16844:
16843:
16841:
16839:
16824:
16818:
16817:
16799:
16793:
16792:
16790:
16788:
16779:. Archived from
16766:
16760:
16759:
16757:
16755:
16735:
16729:
16728:
16726:
16724:
16702:
16696:
16695:
16694:
16692:
16659:
16653:
16652:
16646:
16638:
16636:
16634:
16623:
16614:
16613:
16605:
16580:
16579:
16573:
16565:
16563:
16561:
16555:
16547:
16541:
16540:
16538:
16536:
16530:
16524:. Archived from
16523:
16515:
16509:
16508:
16506:
16504:
16498:
16491:
16483:
16477:
16475:
16469:
16461:
16459:
16457:
16445:
16436:
16435:
16433:
16431:
16426:on 25 April 2012
16425:
16419:. Archived from
16418:
16410:
16404:
16398:
16392:
16386:
16380:
16374:
16368:
16362:
16356:
16350:
16344:
16343:
16341:
16339:
16318:
16312:
16306:
16300:
16294:
16288:
16282:
16276:
16270:
16264:
16258:
16252:
16246:
16240:
16234:
16228:
16222:
16216:
16210:
16204:
16198:
16192:
16186:
16180:
16174:
16168:
16162:
16156:
16150:
16144:
16141:Al-Werfalli Case
16138:
16132:
16126:
16120:
16114:
16108:
16102:
16096:
16090:
16084:
16078:
16072:
16066:
16060:
16054:
16048:
16042:
16036:
16030:
16024:
16018:
16012:
16006:
16000:
15994:
15988:
15982:
15976:
15970:
15964:
15958:
15952:
15949:
15943:
15933:
15927:
15921:
15915:
15902:
15896:
15890:
15884:
15878:
15872:
15866:
15860:
15859:
15857:
15855:
15834:
15828:
15822:
15816:
15810:
15804:
15798:
15792:
15786:
15780:
15774:
15768:
15762:
15756:
15750:
15744:
15736:
15730:
15724:
15718:
15712:
15706:
15700:
15694:
15693:
15691:
15689:
15678:
15672:
15671:
15669:
15667:
15661:
15649:
15643:
15642:
15640:
15638:
15632:
15624:
15618:
15617:
15615:
15613:
15602:
15596:
15595:
15593:
15591:
15580:
15574:
15573:
15571:
15569:
15558:
15552:
15551:
15549:
15547:
15536:
15527:
15526:
15524:
15522:
15511:
15505:
15504:
15502:
15500:
15489:
15483:
15482:
15480:
15478:
15472:
15464:
15458:
15457:
15455:
15453:
15442:
15436:
15435:
15433:
15431:
15420:
15414:
15413:
15411:
15409:
15398:
15392:
15391:
15389:
15387:
15376:
15370:
15369:
15367:
15365:
15354:
15348:
15347:
15345:
15343:
15332:
15326:
15325:
15323:
15321:
15310:
15304:
15303:
15301:
15299:
15293:
15281:
15275:
15274:
15272:
15270:
15259:
15250:
15249:
15247:
15245:
15234:
15228:
15227:
15225:
15223:
15212:
15206:
15205:
15203:
15201:
15190:
15184:
15183:
15181:
15179:
15173:
15165:
15159:
15158:
15156:
15154:
15143:
15137:
15136:
15134:
15132:
15117:
15111:
15110:
15108:
15106:
15095:
15089:
15088:
15086:
15084:
15078:
15070:
15057:
15056:
15054:
15052:
15041:
15035:
15034:
15032:
15030:
15019:
15013:
15012:
15010:
15008:
14997:
14991:
14990:
14972:
14966:
14965:
14963:
14961:
14955:
14947:
14941:
14940:
14938:
14936:
14925:
14919:
14918:
14916:
14914:
14903:
14897:
14896:
14894:
14892:
14881:
14875:
14874:
14872:
14870:
14859:
14853:
14852:
14850:
14848:
14842:
14834:
14828:
14827:
14825:
14823:
14812:
14806:
14805:
14803:
14801:
14790:
14784:
14783:
14781:
14779:
14773:
14765:
14759:
14758:
14756:
14754:
14748:
14740:
14734:
14733:
14731:
14729:
14718:
14712:
14711:
14709:
14707:
14696:
14690:
14689:
14687:
14685:
14674:
14668:
14667:
14665:
14663:
14652:
14643:
14642:
14640:
14638:
14627:
14621:
14620:
14618:
14616:
14605:
14599:
14598:
14596:
14594:
14583:
14577:
14576:
14574:
14572:
14566:
14558:
14552:
14551:
14549:
14547:
14536:
14530:
14529:
14527:
14525:
14514:
14508:
14507:
14505:
14503:
14492:
14486:
14485:
14483:
14481:
14475:
14463:
14457:
14456:
14454:
14452:
14441:
14435:
14434:
14432:
14430:
14419:
14413:
14412:
14410:
14408:
14397:
14391:
14390:
14388:
14386:
14380:
14372:
14366:
14365:
14363:
14361:
14355:
14347:
14341:
14340:
14338:
14336:
14330:
14322:
14316:
14315:
14313:
14311:
14300:
14294:
14293:
14291:
14289:
14274:
14265:
14264:
14262:
14260:
14245:
14239:
14238:
14236:
14234:
14219:
14213:
14212:
14210:
14208:
14193:
14187:
14186:
14184:
14182:
14168:
14162:
14161:
14159:
14157:
14129:
14123:
14122:
14120:
14118:
14090:
14084:
14083:
14081:
14079:
14065:
14059:
14058:
14047:
14041:
14040:
14038:
14036:
14022:
14016:
14015:
14012:The Conversation
14003:
13997:
13996:
13983:
13977:
13976:
13958:
13952:
13951:
13937:
13931:
13930:
13928:
13926:
13911:
13905:
13904:
13893:
13887:
13886:
13879:
13873:
13872:
13865:
13859:
13858:
13856:
13854:
13843:
13837:
13836:
13821:
13815:
13814:
13812:
13810:
13804:
13793:
13785:
13776:
13775:
13773:
13771:
13765:
13754:
13740:
13734:
13733:
13731:
13729:
13723:
13712:
13704:
13698:
13697:
13692:
13690:
13684:
13673:
13665:
13656:
13655:
13653:
13645:
13639:
13638:
13632:
13624:
13622:
13620:
13608:
13599:
13598:
13592:
13584:
13582:
13580:
13568:
13562:
13561:
13559:
13557:
13551:
13544:
13536:
13530:
13529:
13527:
13525:
13509:
13500:
13499:
13497:
13495:
13480:
13474:
13473:
13471:
13469:
13463:
13456:
13448:
13442:
13441:
13439:
13437:
13422:
13416:
13415:
13413:
13411:
13400:"ICC β Timeline"
13396:
13390:
13389:
13387:
13385:
13371:
13365:
13364:
13362:
13360:
13355:on 2 August 2012
13345:
13339:
13338:
13336:
13334:
13325:. Archived from
13319:
13313:
13312:
13310:
13308:
13299:. Archived from
13293:
13287:
13285:
13281:Internet Archive
13273:
13267:
13266:
13244:
13238:
13236:
13234:
13232:
13223:. Archived from
13212:
13206:
13205:
13203:
13201:
13192:. Archived from
13181:
13175:
13174:
13169:. Archived from
13156:
13150:
13149:
13144:. Archived from
13131:
13125:
13107:
13098:
13088:
13082:
13080:
13069:
13063:
13061:
13054:
13048:
13047:
13045:
13043:
13037:
13020:
13011:
13000:
12999:
12997:
12995:
12989:
12976:
12968:
12962:
12961:
12955:
12947:
12945:
12943:
12931:
12925:
12924:
12922:
12915:
12907:
12901:
12900:
12898:
12896:
12868:
12862:
12860:
12856:Internet Archive
12848:
12842:
12841:
12839:
12832:
12823:
12817:
12816:
12798:
12792:
12791:
12785:
12777:
12775:
12773:
12761:
12755:
12754:
12752:
12750:
12741:. Archived from
12730:
12721:
12720:
12715:. Archived from
12708:
12702:
12701:
12699:
12697:
12692:on 22 April 2007
12682:
12676:
12675:
12673:
12671:
12651:
12645:
12644:
12642:
12640:
12631:. Archived from
12624:
12618:
12615:
12609:
12603:
12597:
12591:
12585:
12579:
12573:
12567:
12561:
12555:
12549:
12548:
12530:
12524:
12518:
12512:
12511:
12509:
12507:
12501:
12494:
12485:
12479:
12478:
12459:
12453:
12452:
12434:
12428:
12427:
12425:
12423:
12409:
12400:
12399:
12397:
12395:
12390:. United Nations
12384:
12378:
12377:
12375:
12367:
12361:
12360:
12358:
12356:
12350:
12343:
12335:
12318:
12317:
12299:
12293:
12292:
12290:
12288:
12274:
12268:
12267:
12265:
12263:
12248:
12242:
12241:
12230:
12224:
12223:
12212:
12206:
12205:
12194:
12185:
12176:
12167:
12166:
12164:
12162:
12141:
12135:
12134:
12132:
12130:
12109:
12103:
12102:
12100:
12098:
12076:
12070:
12069:
12067:
12065:
12046:
12040:
12039:
12037:
12035:
12029:
12018:
12010:
12004:
12003:
12001:
11999:
11977:
11971:
11970:
11968:
11966:
11952:
11946:
11945:
11943:
11941:
11922:
11916:
11915:
11913:
11911:
11892:
11886:
11885:
11883:
11881:
11862:
11856:
11855:
11853:
11851:
11832:
11826:
11825:
11823:
11821:
11802:
11796:
11795:
11793:
11791:
11771:
11765:
11764:
11762:
11760:
11741:
11735:
11734:
11732:
11730:
11715:
11709:
11708:
11703:. Archived from
11696:
11690:
11689:
11678:10.2307/20050228
11663:
11657:
11656:
11632:
11626:
11625:
11623:
11621:
11610:
11601:
11600:
11598:
11596:
11587:. Archived from
11580:
11567:
11566:
11564:
11562:
11553:. Archived from
11546:
11535:
11534:
11527:
11521:
11519:
11518:on 21 July 2014.
11514:. Archived from
11512:"The Presidency"
11508:
11502:
11501:
11499:
11497:
11482:
11476:
11475:
11473:
11471:
11455:
11446:
11445:
11443:
11441:
11432:. Archived from
11425:
11419:
11405:
11282:
11281:
11279:
11277:
11256:
11250:
11249:
11247:
11241:. Archived from
11208:
11199:
11193:
11192:
11187:. Archived from
11148:
11142:
11141:
11139:
11137:
11131:
11118:
11110:
11104:
11103:
11101:
11099:
11094:. 27 August 2008
11087:
11079:
11073:
11072:
11070:
11068:
11047:
11041:
11040:
11038:
11036:
11011:
11005:
11004:
10993:. p. 1383.
10978:
10972:
10966:
10960:
10959:
10957:
10955:
10949:
10936:
10928:
10922:
10921:
10919:
10917:
10911:
10898:
10890:
10884:
10883:
10881:
10879:
10860:
10847:
10846:
10844:
10842:
10833:. Archived from
10823:
10810:
10795:
10784:
10783:
10781:
10779:
10770:. Archived from
10763:
10752:
10751:
10749:
10747:
10738:. Archived from
10731:
10722:
10721:
10703:
10697:
10691:
10685:
10684:
10672:
10666:
10665:
10654:
10648:
10647:
10640:
10634:
10633:
10621:
10615:
10614:
10612:
10610:
10599:
10593:
10592:
10590:
10588:
10573:
10567:
10566:
10564:
10562:
10547:
10541:
10540:
10538:
10536:
10521:
10515:
10514:
10512:
10510:
10495:
10484:
10483:
10481:
10479:
10468:
10459:
10458:
10453:. Archived from
10437:Karim Ahmad Khan
10433:
10427:
10426:
10424:
10422:
10407:
10398:
10397:
10395:
10393:
10378:
10372:
10371:
10339:
10333:
10332:
10312:
10306:
10305:
10295:
10271:
10265:
10264:
10262:
10260:
10246:
10240:
10239:
10237:
10235:
10221:
10215:
10214:
10212:
10210:
10201:. Archived from
10191:
10185:
10184:
10166:
10160:
10159:
10141:
10135:
10134:
10132:
10130:
10121:. Archived from
10111:
10105:
10104:
10102:
10100:
10095:. United Nations
10089:
10083:
10082:
10075:
10069:
10068:
10066:
10064:
10045:
10039:
10038:
10036:
10034:
10019:
10013:
10012:
10010:
10008:
9993:
9987:
9986:
9981:. Archived from
9974:
9968:
9967:
9949:
9943:
9942:
9940:
9938:
9923:
9917:
9916:
9914:
9912:
9906:
9899:
9891:
9885:
9884:
9882:
9880:
9874:
9867:
9859:
9853:
9852:
9837:
9831:
9830:
9828:
9826:
9817:. Archived from
9806:
9800:
9799:
9783:
9777:
9776:
9774:
9772:
9758:
9749:
9748:
9746:
9744:
9730:
9721:
9720:
9718:
9716:
9710:
9704:. Archived from
9703:
9695:
9689:
9688:
9670:
9664:
9663:
9635:
9629:
9628:
9626:
9624:
9609:
9600:
9599:
9597:
9595:
9576:
9570:
9569:
9529:
9523:
9522:
9520:
9518:
9503:
9497:
9496:
9494:
9492:
9483:. Archived from
9472:
9463:
9462:
9460:
9458:
9443:
9434:
9433:
9431:
9429:
9402:
9396:
9395:
9363:
9357:
9356:
9338:
9332:
9331:
9311:
9305:
9304:
9257:
9251:
9250:
9248:
9246:
9234:
9225:
9224:
9206:
9182:
9176:
9175:
9173:
9171:
9157:
9151:
9148:
9142:
9141:
9136:
9134:
9125:. Archived from
9119:
8881:Karim Ahmad Khan
8865:IsraelβHamas war
8379:in February 2013
8364:
8357:
8353:
8350:
8344:
8342:
8301:
8277:
8269:
8072:
8065:
8052:
8045:
8039:
8036:
8030:
8027:
8021:
8018:
7977:Valery Gerasimov
7946:
7879:
7812:
7798:
7792:
7772:
7737:
7717:
7593:
7587:Mikhail Mindzaev
7579:
7545:
7525:
7519:
7512:
7506:
7502:
7483:
7461:
7454:
7450:
7431:
7430:10 December 2018
7417:
7413:
7394:
7374:
7368:
7367:11 December 2019
7362:
7356:
7349:
7348:23 November 2018
7345:
7343:17 November 2018
7326:
7325:11 November 2018
7283:
7262:
7255:
7249:
7243:
7236:
7232:
7213:
7186:
7179:
7173:
7167:
7160:
7156:
7137:
7123:
7086:
7085:29 February 2012
7074:
7073:11 December 2014
7067:
7063:
7057:
7052:
7051:22β23 March 2014
7034:
7033:21 December 2011
7014:
7007:
6998:
6992:
6986:
6979:
6973:
6968:
6967:30 November 2011
6950:
6949:23 November 2011
6911:
6907:
6873:
6840:Abdullah Senussi
6779:
6765:
6715:
6711:
6710:15 February 2022
6705:
6699:
6694:
6676:
6639:
6621:
6613:
6609:
6553:
6547:
6543:
6537:
6518:
6512:Francis Muthaura
6498:
6490:
6427:
6423:
6417:
6411:
6405:
6386:
6372:
6338:
6304:
6283:
6277:
6271:
6252:
6246:
6223:
6215:
6209:
6190:
6153:
6149:
6131:
6124:
6118:
6112:
6107:
6088:Ali Kushayb
6057:
6043:
6024:
6019:
5986:
5981:
5925:
5924:27 November 2013
5920:
5919:25 November 2013
5885:
5884:27 November 2019
5879:
5872:
5866:
5860:
5853:
5849:
5843:
5842:11 November 2014
5832:
5831:27 November 2013
5827:
5826:23 November 2013
5809:
5808:20 November 2013
5794:
5785:
5779:
5773:
5766:
5765:13 November 2014
5762:
5761:22 November 2010
5756:
5750:
5744:
5739:
5721:
5717:
5691:
5690:15 December 2022
5684:
5678:
5672:
5665:
5659:
5653:
5646:
5640:
5635:
5504:
5498:Joseph Kony
5490:
5456:
5434:
5433:16 December 2011
5426:
5420:
5415:
5397:
5377:
5376:27 February 2015
5371:
5365:
5364:18 December 2012
5357:
5353:
5352:24 November 2009
5347:
5346:11 February 2008
5342:
5324:
5309:
5292:
5287:
5281:
5277:
5276:24 November 2009
5271:
5265:
5259:
5254:
5236:
5215:
5208:
5203:
5197:
5191:
5190:2 September 2015
5185:
5178:
5153:
5149:
5124:
5117:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5095:
5088:
5082:
5076:
5071:
5053:
5052:10 February 2006
5039:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
4938:
4934:
4862:
4858:
4853:
4850:
4844:
4841:
4835:
4831:
4825:
4822:
4816:
4813:
4807:
4804:
4798:
4795:
4789:
4786:
4780:
4777:
4771:
4768:
4689:
4418:
4401:
4395:
4382:
4366:
4356:
4341:
4331:
4312:
4302:
4277:
4234:
4227:
4211:
4186:
4176:
4160:
4143:
4137:
4124:
4114:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4068:
4061:
4023:
4010:
3994:
3972:
3965:
3943:
3900:Inadmissibility
3880:
3875:
3858:
3854:
3846:
3842:
3833:
3830:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3810:
3804:
3801:
3795:
3792:
3786:
3783:
3777:
3773:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3726:
3725:14 February 2022
3717:
3716:9 September 2020
3712:
3711:4 September 2020
3691:
3690:17 February 2020
3686:
3685:13 February 2020
3668:
3667:14 November 2019
3663:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3609:
3604:
3586:
3577:
3572:
3554:
3549:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3440:
3431:
3426:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3378:
3373:
3372:28 February 2011
3368:
3367:26 February 2011
3351:
3342:
3331:
3316:
3315:18 November 2010
3298:
3289:
3288:18 November 2009
3271:
3262:
3244:
3235:
3214:
3209:
3186:
3181:
3158:
3153:
3133:
3124:
3106:
3097:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3019:
3010:
2989:
2984:
2983:16 December 2003
2979:
2978:16 December 2003
2959:
2954:
2943:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2902:
2879:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2709:Charges against
2689:
2667:The judgment of
2421:Contributions β¬
2412:
2408:
2347:Detention centre
2306:
2305:
2272:Alexanderkazerne
2181:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2106:
2094:
2093:
2008:Security Council
1928:reasonable doubt
1579:Forced pregnancy
1422:Herman von Hebel
1383:
1379:
1238:ICC prosecutors
896:in November 2017
874:judicial systems
767:, the U.S., and
711:Rwandan genocide
693:established two
594:established two
588:Second World War
409:
368:Karim Ahmad Khan
204:
198:
192:
186:
180:
171:
157:
137:
122:
121:
107:
106:
92:
91:
77:
64:
63:
58:
43:
42:
21:
20720:
20719:
20715:
20714:
20713:
20711:
20710:
20709:
20670:
20669:
20668:
20663:
20607:
20598:Postcolonialism
20559:
20488:Non-state actor
20483:Non-belligerent
20478:Neutral country
20463:Interventionism
20396:Co-belligerence
20357:
20310:
20289:
20234:
20221:
20216:
20186:
20177:
20150:
20144:
20062:
20058:
20051:
20044:
20038:
20008:
20003:
19983:
19981:
19975:
19936:
19834:
19828:
19787:Regional bodies
19782:
19740:
19734:
19703:
19690:
19660:
19655:
19631:Superior orders
19614:
19558:
19555:
19554:
19545:
19487:
19484:
19476:
19432:Peremptory norm
19413:
19408:
19378:
19373:
19328:
19307:
19289:
19205:
19119:
19086:
19055:
19042:
19013:(United States)
18995:
18964:
18941:
18893:
18888:
18832:
18831:
18828:
18823:
18822:
18812:
18810:
18801:
18800:
18793:
18783:
18781:
18770:
18769:
18765:
18755:
18753:
18745:Bernaz, Nadia.
18743:
18739:
18724:
18720:
18710:
18708:
18693:
18689:
18679:
18677:
18667:
18660:
18617:
18613:
18603:
18601:
18583:
18579:
18569:
18567:
18559:
18558:
18554:
18546:
18542:
18541:
18537:
18527:
18525:
18516:
18515:
18511:
18480:
18476:
18466:
18464:
18441:
18434:
18423:
18419:
18376:
18372:
18357:
18341:
18337:
18327:
18325:
18310:
18306:
18295:
18291:
18281:
18279:
18264:
18260:
18250:
18248:
18236:
18232:
18217:
18213:
18198:
18194:
18184:
18182:
18169:
18165:
18152:
18151:
18147:
18134:
18133:
18129:
18114:
18113:
18109:
18094:
18093:
18089:
18084:. 2 April 2021.
18076:
18075:
18071:
18061:
18059:
18054:
18053:
18049:
18032:
18028:
18018:
18016:
18005:
18004:
18000:
17990:
17988:
17970:
17966:
17956:
17954:
17949:
17948:
17944:
17934:
17932:
17925:
17921:
17911:
17909:
17897:
17893:
17883:
17881:
17873:
17872:
17868:
17858:
17856:
17832:
17828:
17818:
17816:
17811:
17810:
17806:
17796:
17794:
17780:
17776:
17755:
17751:
17741:
17739:
17729:
17725:
17712:
17710:
17700:
17696:
17691:. 30 July 2003.
17683:
17682:
17678:
17669:
17668:
17664:
17654:
17652:
17643:
17642:
17638:
17623:
17619:
17614:. 19 July 2023.
17606:
17605:
17601:
17592:
17591:
17587:
17574:
17573:
17569:
17559:
17557:
17545:
17538:
17528:
17526:
17518:
17517:
17513:
17503:
17501:
17491:
17487:
17477:
17475:
17462:
17461:
17457:
17447:
17445:
17438:Eyewitness News
17432:
17431:
17427:
17417:
17415:
17402:
17401:
17397:
17387:
17385:
17372:
17371:
17367:
17357:
17355:
17340:
17336:
17326:
17324:
17309:
17305:
17295:
17293:
17282:
17278:
17268:
17266:
17257:
17256:
17252:
17242:
17240:
17227:
17226:
17222:
17212:
17210:
17201:
17200:
17196:
17186:
17184:
17175:
17174:
17170:
17160:
17158:
17149:
17148:
17144:
17134:
17132:
17115:
17111:
17101:
17099:
17092:The Irish Times
17084:
17080:
17073:The Irish Times
17067:
17066:
17062:
17055:
17041:
17037:
17027:
17025:
17018:
17014:
17004:
17002:
16991:
16987:
16974:
16973:
16969:
16959:
16957:
16948:
16947:
16943:
16933:
16931:
16916:
16912:
16902:
16900:
16893:
16877:
16873:
16863:
16861:
16852:
16851:
16847:
16837:
16835:
16826:
16825:
16821:
16814:
16800:
16796:
16786:
16784:
16767:
16763:
16753:
16751:
16736:
16732:
16722:
16720:
16703:
16699:
16690:
16688:
16686:
16660:
16656:
16640:
16639:
16632:
16630:
16625:
16624:
16617:
16606:
16583:
16567:
16566:
16559:
16557:
16553:
16549:
16548:
16544:
16534:
16532:
16528:
16521:
16517:
16516:
16512:
16502:
16500:
16496:
16489:
16485:
16484:
16480:
16463:
16462:
16455:
16453:
16448:
16446:
16439:
16429:
16427:
16423:
16416:
16412:
16411:
16407:
16399:
16395:
16387:
16383:
16375:
16371:
16363:
16359:
16351:
16347:
16337:
16335:
16320:
16319:
16315:
16307:
16303:
16295:
16291:
16283:
16279:
16271:
16267:
16259:
16255:
16247:
16243:
16235:
16231:
16223:
16219:
16211:
16207:
16199:
16195:
16187:
16183:
16175:
16171:
16163:
16159:
16151:
16147:
16139:
16135:
16127:
16123:
16115:
16111:
16103:
16099:
16091:
16087:
16079:
16075:
16067:
16063:
16055:
16051:
16043:
16039:
16031:
16027:
16019:
16015:
16007:
16003:
15995:
15991:
15983:
15979:
15971:
15967:
15959:
15955:
15950:
15946:
15934:
15930:
15922:
15918:
15903:
15899:
15891:
15887:
15879:
15875:
15867:
15863:
15853:
15851:
15836:
15835:
15831:
15823:
15819:
15811:
15807:
15799:
15795:
15787:
15783:
15775:
15771:
15763:
15759:
15751:
15747:
15737:
15733:
15725:
15721:
15713:
15709:
15701:
15697:
15687:
15685:
15680:
15679:
15675:
15665:
15663:
15659:
15651:
15650:
15646:
15636:
15634:
15630:
15626:
15625:
15621:
15611:
15609:
15604:
15603:
15599:
15589:
15587:
15582:
15581:
15577:
15567:
15565:
15560:
15559:
15555:
15545:
15543:
15538:
15537:
15530:
15520:
15518:
15513:
15512:
15508:
15498:
15496:
15491:
15490:
15486:
15476:
15474:
15470:
15466:
15465:
15461:
15451:
15449:
15444:
15443:
15439:
15429:
15427:
15422:
15421:
15417:
15407:
15405:
15400:
15399:
15395:
15385:
15383:
15378:
15377:
15373:
15363:
15361:
15356:
15355:
15351:
15341:
15339:
15334:
15333:
15329:
15319:
15317:
15312:
15311:
15307:
15297:
15295:
15291:
15283:
15282:
15278:
15268:
15266:
15261:
15260:
15253:
15243:
15241:
15236:
15235:
15231:
15221:
15219:
15214:
15213:
15209:
15199:
15197:
15192:
15191:
15187:
15177:
15175:
15171:
15167:
15166:
15162:
15152:
15150:
15145:
15144:
15140:
15130:
15128:
15119:
15118:
15114:
15104:
15102:
15097:
15096:
15092:
15082:
15080:
15076:
15072:
15071:
15060:
15050:
15048:
15043:
15042:
15038:
15028:
15026:
15021:
15020:
15016:
15006:
15004:
14999:
14998:
14994:
14987:
14973:
14969:
14959:
14957:
14953:
14949:
14948:
14944:
14934:
14932:
14927:
14926:
14922:
14912:
14910:
14905:
14904:
14900:
14890:
14888:
14883:
14882:
14878:
14868:
14866:
14861:
14860:
14856:
14846:
14844:
14840:
14836:
14835:
14831:
14821:
14819:
14814:
14813:
14809:
14799:
14797:
14792:
14791:
14787:
14777:
14775:
14771:
14767:
14766:
14762:
14752:
14750:
14746:
14742:
14741:
14737:
14727:
14725:
14720:
14719:
14715:
14705:
14703:
14698:
14697:
14693:
14683:
14681:
14676:
14675:
14671:
14661:
14659:
14654:
14653:
14646:
14636:
14634:
14629:
14628:
14624:
14614:
14612:
14607:
14606:
14602:
14592:
14590:
14585:
14584:
14580:
14570:
14568:
14564:
14560:
14559:
14555:
14545:
14543:
14538:
14537:
14533:
14523:
14521:
14516:
14515:
14511:
14501:
14499:
14494:
14493:
14489:
14479:
14477:
14473:
14465:
14464:
14460:
14450:
14448:
14443:
14442:
14438:
14428:
14426:
14421:
14420:
14416:
14406:
14404:
14399:
14398:
14394:
14384:
14382:
14378:
14374:
14373:
14369:
14359:
14357:
14353:
14349:
14348:
14344:
14334:
14332:
14328:
14324:
14323:
14319:
14309:
14307:
14302:
14301:
14297:
14287:
14285:
14276:
14275:
14268:
14258:
14256:
14247:
14246:
14242:
14232:
14230:
14221:
14220:
14216:
14206:
14204:
14194:
14190:
14180:
14178:
14170:
14169:
14165:
14155:
14153:
14130:
14126:
14116:
14114:
14091:
14087:
14077:
14075:
14073:www.icc-cpi.int
14067:
14066:
14062:
14049:
14048:
14044:
14034:
14032:
14024:
14023:
14019:
14004:
14000:
13985:
13984:
13980:
13973:
13959:
13955:
13938:
13934:
13924:
13922:
13913:
13912:
13908:
13903:. 5 April 2012.
13895:
13894:
13890:
13881:
13880:
13876:
13867:
13866:
13862:
13852:
13850:
13845:
13844:
13840:
13831:. 16 May 2011.
13823:
13822:
13818:
13808:
13806:
13802:
13791:
13787:
13786:
13779:
13769:
13767:
13763:
13752:
13746:
13741:
13737:
13727:
13725:
13724:on 25 June 2008
13721:
13710:
13706:
13705:
13701:
13688:
13686:
13685:on 9 April 2008
13682:
13671:
13667:
13666:
13659:
13651:
13647:
13646:
13642:
13626:
13625:
13618:
13616:
13609:
13602:
13586:
13585:
13578:
13576:
13569:
13565:
13555:
13553:
13552:on 16 June 2011
13549:
13542:
13538:
13537:
13533:
13523:
13521:
13510:
13503:
13493:
13491:
13481:
13477:
13467:
13465:
13461:
13454:
13450:
13449:
13445:
13435:
13433:
13424:
13423:
13419:
13409:
13407:
13398:
13397:
13393:
13383:
13381:
13373:
13372:
13368:
13358:
13356:
13347:
13346:
13342:
13332:
13330:
13329:on 4 March 2016
13321:
13320:
13316:
13306:
13304:
13295:
13294:
13290:
13283:
13274:
13270:
13263:
13245:
13241:
13230:
13228:
13213:
13209:
13199:
13197:
13182:
13178:
13157:
13153:
13132:
13128:
13118:Wayback Machine
13108:
13101:
13089:
13085:
13071:
13070:
13066:
13060:. 26 June 1945.
13056:
13055:
13051:
13041:
13039:
13035:
13018:
13012:
13003:
12993:
12991:
12987:
12974:
12970:
12969:
12965:
12949:
12948:
12941:
12939:
12932:
12928:
12920:
12913:
12909:
12908:
12904:
12894:
12892:
12885:
12869:
12865:
12858:
12849:
12845:
12837:
12830:
12826:Moffett, Luke.
12824:
12820:
12799:
12795:
12779:
12778:
12771:
12769:
12762:
12758:
12748:
12746:
12731:
12724:
12709:
12705:
12695:
12693:
12684:
12683:
12679:
12669:
12667:
12652:
12648:
12638:
12636:
12625:
12621:
12616:
12612:
12604:
12600:
12592:
12588:
12580:
12576:
12568:
12564:
12556:
12552:
12545:
12531:
12527:
12519:
12515:
12505:
12503:
12499:
12492:
12486:
12482:
12475:
12460:
12456:
12449:
12435:
12431:
12421:
12419:
12417:asp.icc-cpi.int
12411:
12410:
12403:
12393:
12391:
12386:
12385:
12381:
12373:
12369:
12368:
12364:
12354:
12352:
12348:
12341:
12337:
12336:
12321:
12314:
12300:
12296:
12286:
12284:
12276:
12275:
12271:
12261:
12259:
12252:"The registrar"
12250:
12249:
12245:
12240:on 9 July 2009.
12234:"The Registrar"
12232:
12231:
12227:
12214:
12213:
12209:
12204:on 7 June 2023.
12196:
12195:
12188:
12177:
12170:
12160:
12158:
12150:The Independent
12143:
12142:
12138:
12128:
12126:
12111:
12110:
12106:
12096:
12094:
12077:
12073:
12063:
12061:
12048:
12047:
12043:
12033:
12031:
12027:
12016:
12012:
12011:
12007:
11997:
11995:
11978:
11974:
11964:
11962:
11954:
11953:
11949:
11939:
11937:
11924:
11923:
11919:
11909:
11907:
11894:
11893:
11889:
11879:
11877:
11864:
11863:
11859:
11849:
11847:
11834:
11833:
11829:
11819:
11817:
11804:
11803:
11799:
11789:
11787:
11772:
11768:
11758:
11756:
11743:
11742:
11738:
11728:
11726:
11716:
11712:
11697:
11693:
11669:Foreign Affairs
11664:
11660:
11633:
11629:
11619:
11617:
11611:
11604:
11594:
11592:
11581:
11570:
11560:
11558:
11557:on 18 July 2007
11547:
11538:
11529:
11528:
11524:
11510:
11509:
11505:
11495:
11493:
11484:
11483:
11479:
11469:
11467:
11456:
11449:
11439:
11437:
11426:
11422:
11406:
11285:
11275:
11273:
11258:
11257:
11253:
11248:on 14 May 2006.
11245:
11206:
11200:
11196:
11149:
11145:
11135:
11133:
11129:
11116:
11112:
11111:
11107:
11097:
11095:
11085:
11081:
11080:
11076:
11066:
11064:
11049:
11048:
11044:
11034:
11032:
11015:Bolton, John R.
11012:
11008:
11001:
10979:
10975:
10967:
10963:
10953:
10951:
10947:
10934:
10930:
10929:
10925:
10915:
10913:
10909:
10896:
10892:
10891:
10887:
10877:
10875:
10862:
10861:
10850:
10840:
10838:
10825:
10824:
10813:
10796:
10787:
10777:
10775:
10764:
10755:
10745:
10743:
10732:
10725:
10718:
10704:
10700:
10692:
10688:
10673:
10669:
10656:
10655:
10651:
10642:
10641:
10637:
10622:
10618:
10608:
10606:
10601:
10600:
10596:
10586:
10584:
10581:Hindustan Times
10575:
10574:
10570:
10560:
10558:
10549:
10548:
10544:
10534:
10532:
10523:
10522:
10518:
10508:
10506:
10496:
10487:
10477:
10475:
10470:
10469:
10462:
10434:
10430:
10420:
10418:
10408:
10401:
10391:
10389:
10379:
10375:
10340:
10336:
10329:
10313:
10309:
10272:
10268:
10258:
10256:
10248:
10247:
10243:
10233:
10231:
10229:asp.icc-cpi.int
10223:
10222:
10218:
10208:
10206:
10193:
10192:
10188:
10181:
10167:
10163:
10156:
10142:
10138:
10128:
10126:
10113:
10112:
10108:
10098:
10096:
10091:
10090:
10086:
10077:
10076:
10072:
10062:
10060:
10047:
10046:
10042:
10032:
10030:
10021:
10020:
10016:
10006:
10004:
9995:
9994:
9990:
9975:
9971:
9964:
9950:
9946:
9936:
9934:
9925:
9924:
9920:
9910:
9908:
9904:
9897:
9893:
9892:
9888:
9878:
9876:
9872:
9865:
9861:
9860:
9856:
9839:
9838:
9834:
9824:
9822:
9807:
9803:
9784:
9780:
9770:
9768:
9760:
9759:
9752:
9742:
9740:
9732:
9731:
9724:
9714:
9712:
9708:
9701:
9697:
9696:
9692:
9685:
9671:
9667:
9660:
9636:
9632:
9622:
9620:
9611:
9610:
9603:
9593:
9591:
9578:
9577:
9573:
9550:10.2307/2198479
9530:
9526:
9516:
9514:
9505:
9504:
9500:
9490:
9488:
9473:
9466:
9456:
9454:
9445:
9444:
9437:
9427:
9425:
9403:
9399:
9364:
9360:
9353:
9339:
9335:
9328:
9312:
9308:
9277:10.2307/2187841
9259:
9258:
9254:
9244:
9242:
9235:
9228:
9183:
9179:
9169:
9167:
9159:
9158:
9154:
9149:
9145:
9132:
9130:
9129:on 3 March 2013
9121:
9120:
9116:
9111:
9058:
9022:
9002:Nestor Courakis
8997:William Schabas
8992:
8983:
8974:
8961:
8952:
8894:
8892:U.S. criticisms
8841:in April 2021.
8741:The subsequent
8714:
8702:U.S. President
8696:
8680:Piotr HofmaΕski
8628:announced that
8602:
8596:
8587:Rodrigo Duterte
8572:
8542:
8491:
8485:
8469:Yoweri Museveni
8365:
8354:
8348:
8345:
8302:
8300:
8290:
8278:
8267:
8234:
8229:
8122:
8086:
8081:
8076:
8075:
8066:
8055:
8046:
8042:
8037:
8033:
8028:
8024:
8019:
8015:
7944:
7910:Sergey Kobylash
7877:
7810:
7797:
7791:
7771:
7736:
7716:
7591:
7578:
7543:
7539:Noureddine Adam
7523:
7518:9 December 2021
7517:
7516:
7514:
7510:
7504:
7503:
7500:24 January 2021
7498:
7481:
7457:
7452:
7451:
7446:
7429:
7416:25 January 2019
7415:
7414:
7411:23 January 2019
7409:
7393:7 December 2018
7392:
7372:
7366:
7365:
7363:
7360:11 October 2019
7358:
7352:
7347:
7346:
7341:
7324:
7281:
7263:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7253:
7247:
7246:
7244:
7239:
7234:
7233:
7228:
7211:
7197:sentence served
7184:
7183:
7181:
7177:
7171:
7170:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7157:
7152:
7135:
7122:
7084:
7072:
7071:
7069:
7065:
7064:
7061:
7055:
7054:
7050:
7032:
7012:
7011:
7006:15 January 2019
7005:
7004:
7000:
6997:15 January 2019
6996:
6991:28 January 2016
6990:
6984:
6983:
6981:
6977:
6972:5 December 2011
6971:
6970:
6966:
6948:
6909:
6908:
6905:
6871:
6777:
6773:Muammar Gaddafi
6764:
6713:
6709:
6703:
6698:6 November 2020
6697:
6696:
6693:3 November 2020
6692:
6674:
6637:
6620:23 January 2012
6619:
6615:
6611:
6607:
6552:23 January 2012
6551:
6549:
6545:
6541:
6535:
6519:
6516:
6497:23 January 2012
6496:
6492:
6488:
6429:
6425:
6424:
6421:
6416:23 January 2012
6415:
6413:
6409:
6403:
6387:
6384:
6371:
6336:
6305:
6302:
6281:
6279:
6276:8 December 2010
6275:
6269:
6253:
6250:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6224:
6222:8 February 2010
6221:
6217:
6213:
6207:
6191:
6188:
6151:
6150:
6147:
6129:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6116:
6110:
6109:
6105:
6055:
6042:
6033:sentence served
6022:
6021:
6017:
6001:Narcisse Arido
5995:sentence served
5985:5 December 2013
5984:
5983:
5980:4 December 2013
5979:
5957:sentence served
5923:
5922:
5918:
5894:sentence served
5883:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5876:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5863:
5861:
5859:19 October 2016
5858:
5857:
5855:
5851:
5847:
5841:
5840:
5838:
5830:
5829:
5825:
5807:
5792:
5791:
5787:
5783:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5770:
5768:
5764:
5760:
5754:
5752:
5748:
5742:
5741:
5737:
5719:
5718:
5715:
5689:
5688:
5686:
5682:
5676:
5675:
5673:
5671:4 February 2021
5670:
5669:
5667:
5663:
5658:6 December 2016
5657:
5651:
5650:
5648:
5644:
5639:26 January 2015
5638:
5637:
5634:21 January 2015
5633:
5502:
5489:
5454:
5432:
5428:
5424:
5419:28 January 2011
5418:
5417:
5414:25 January 2011
5413:
5395:
5375:
5373:
5370:21 October 2014
5369:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5351:
5345:
5344:
5341:6 February 2008
5340:
5322:
5304:sentence served
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5269:
5267:
5263:
5258:22 October 2007
5257:
5256:
5253:17 October 2007
5252:
5234:
5213:
5212:
5207:7 November 2019
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5195:
5189:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5176:
5171:
5151:
5150:
5147:
5133:sentence served
5123:1 December 2014
5122:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5097:
5093:26 January 2009
5091:
5087:29 January 2007
5086:
5084:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5051:
5038:
4993:
4991:Appeal hearings
4984:
4975:
4968:
4965:
4963:Transfer to ICC
4953:
4949:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4847:
4842:
4838:
4832:
4828:
4823:
4819:
4814:
4810:
4805:
4801:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4783:
4778:
4774:
4769:
4765:
4688:
4417:
4400:
4398:
4394:
4381:
4365:
4355:
4340:
4330:
4311:
4301:
4276:
4233:
4226:
4210:
4185:
4175:
4159:
4142:
4140:
4136:
4123:
4113:
4103:
4096:
4089:
4067:
4060:
4022:
4009:
3993:
3971:
3964:
3942:
3903:Acquittal etc.
3849:
3843:
3836:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3817:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3793:
3789:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3641:3 November 2021
3636:8 February 2018
3603:8 February 2018
3553:25 October 2017
3522:16 January 2015
3459:7 February 2014
3439:2 December 2019
3407:16 January 2013
3341:6 December 2010
3297:28 October 2015
3261:14 October 2009
3234:22 January 2009
3213:27 January 2016
3180:5 February 2008
3132:9 February 2006
3123:9 February 2006
3105:9 December 2020
3096:9 February 2006
3018:28 October 2021
2897:Current status
2869:
2868:
2867:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2798:Darfur in Sudan
2784:
2779:
2774:
2768:
2761:
2755:
2658:Germain Katanga
2623:
2424:Percent %
2407:
2379:
2355:
2349:
2329:
2300:
2280:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2092:
2087:
2062:Philippe Kirsch
2053:
2037:complementarity
1995:
1978:
1944:
1920:
1882:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1851:
1842:
1840:Complementarity
1833:
1824:
1815:
1798:
1785:
1776:
1696:
1682:Taking hostages
1673:Cruel treatment
1659:Taking hostages
1629:Willful killing
1615:
1589:Sexual violence
1530:
1494:
1461:
1370:
1358:
1326:
1291:Henry Kissinger
1232:
1226:
1213:
1207:
1199:Piotr HofmaΕski
1168:
1162:
1154:
1117:
1092:law of treaties
1072:
1066:
1057:
1038:
1003:Black Sea Fleet
987:Sergey Kobylash
959:arrest warrants
936:Muammar Gaddafi
851:
826:
788:arrest warrants
672:
640:Nazi war crimes
608:, which sat in
568:First World War
556:
543:
440:
438:www.icc-cpi.int
436:
420:
410:
404:
379:
364:
349:
334:
319:
290:
257:
256:
242:
208:
207:
206:
202:
200:
196:
194:
190:
188:
184:
182:
178:
162:
161:
158:
146:
145:
144:
60:
59:
54:
48:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
20718:
20708:
20707:
20702:
20697:
20692:
20687:
20682:
20665:
20664:
20662:
20661:
20656:
20651:
20646:
20641:
20636:
20631:
20626:
20621:
20615:
20613:
20609:
20608:
20606:
20605:
20600:
20595:
20590:
20585:
20580:
20578:English school
20575:
20573:Constructivism
20569:
20567:
20561:
20560:
20558:
20557:
20552:
20551:
20550:
20545:
20543:Non-aggression
20540:
20535:
20530:
20520:
20515:
20510:
20505:
20500:
20495:
20490:
20485:
20480:
20475:
20470:
20465:
20460:
20459:
20458:
20453:
20443:
20438:
20433:
20428:
20423:
20418:
20413:
20408:
20403:
20398:
20393:
20388:
20387:
20386:
20381:
20376:
20365:
20363:
20359:
20358:
20356:
20355:
20350:
20345:
20340:
20335:
20330:
20324:
20322:
20316:
20315:
20312:
20311:
20309:
20308:
20303:
20297:
20295:
20291:
20290:
20288:
20287:
20282:
20277:
20272:
20267:
20262:
20257:
20251:
20249:
20242:
20236:
20235:
20233:
20232:
20226:
20223:
20222:
20215:
20214:
20207:
20200:
20192:
20183:
20182:
20179:
20178:
20176:
20175:
20170:
20165:
20159:
20157:
20146:
20145:
20143:
20142:
20137:
20132:
20130:United Nations
20127:
20122:
20117:
20112:
20107:
20102:
20097:
20092:
20087:
20081:
20079:
20069:
20053:
20052:
20037:
20036:
20029:
20022:
20014:
20005:
20004:
20002:
20001:
19996:
19990:
19988:
19977:
19976:
19974:
19973:
19968:
19963:
19958:
19953:
19947:
19945:
19938:
19937:
19935:
19934:
19929:
19924:
19919:
19914:
19909:
19904:
19899:
19894:
19889:
19884:
19879:
19874:
19869:
19864:
19859:
19854:
19849:
19844:
19842:European Union
19838:
19836:
19830:
19829:
19827:
19826:
19821:
19816:
19811:
19806:
19801:
19796:
19790:
19788:
19784:
19783:
19781:
19780:
19775:
19770:
19765:
19760:
19755:
19750:
19744:
19742:
19736:
19735:
19733:
19732:
19727:
19722:
19717:
19711:
19709:
19705:
19704:
19692:International
19689:
19688:
19681:
19674:
19666:
19657:
19656:
19654:
19653:
19648:
19643:
19638:
19633:
19628:
19622:
19620:
19616:
19615:
19613:
19612:
19607:
19602:
19597:
19592:
19587:
19582:
19577:
19572:
19567:
19561:
19559:
19550:
19547:
19546:
19544:
19543:
19538:
19533:
19528:
19523:
19522:
19521:
19516:
19506:
19501:
19496:
19490:
19488:
19483:Crimes against
19481:
19478:
19477:
19475:
19474:
19469:
19464:
19459:
19454:
19449:
19444:
19439:
19434:
19429:
19423:
19421:
19415:
19414:
19407:
19406:
19399:
19392:
19384:
19375:
19374:
19372:
19371:
19366:
19361:
19356:
19351:
19346:
19340:
19338:
19334:
19333:
19330:
19329:
19327:
19326:
19321:
19315:
19313:
19309:
19308:
19306:
19305:
19299:
19297:
19291:
19290:
19288:
19287:
19282:
19277:
19272:
19267:
19262:
19257:
19252:
19247:
19242:
19237:
19232:
19226:
19224:
19215:
19214:Investigations
19211:
19210:
19207:
19206:
19204:
19203:
19198:
19192:
19187:
19182:
19177:
19172:
19167:
19162:
19157:
19152:
19147:
19142:
19133:
19127:
19125:
19121:
19120:
19118:
19117:
19112:
19107:
19101:
19099:
19098:States parties
19092:
19088:
19087:
19085:
19084:
19079:
19074:
19069:
19063:
19061:
19057:
19056:
19049:
19047:
19044:
19043:
19041:
19040:
19032:
19026:
19020:
19014:
19007:
19005:
19001:
19000:
18997:
18996:
18994:
18993:
18988:
18983:
18978:
18972:
18970:
18966:
18965:
18963:
18962:
18956:
18954:
18947:
18946:UN resolutions
18943:
18942:
18940:
18939:
18934:
18929:
18924:
18919:
18908:
18906:
18899:
18895:
18894:
18887:
18886:
18879:
18872:
18864:
18858:
18857:
18848:
18843:
18838:
18827:
18826:External links
18824:
18821:
18820:
18791:
18763:
18737:
18718:
18687:
18658:
18631:(1): 221β240.
18611:
18577:
18552:
18535:
18509:
18474:
18432:
18417:
18370:
18355:
18335:
18304:
18289:
18258:
18230:
18211:
18192:
18180:Foreign Policy
18163:
18160:. 22 May 2024.
18145:
18142:. 21 May 2024.
18127:
18124:. 14 May 2024.
18107:
18087:
18069:
18047:
18026:
18015:. 11 June 2020
17998:
17964:
17942:
17919:
17891:
17866:
17826:
17804:
17782:Luban, David.
17774:
17749:
17723:
17708:Democracy Now!
17694:
17676:
17662:
17636:
17617:
17599:
17585:
17567:
17536:
17511:
17485:
17455:
17425:
17395:
17365:
17334:
17303:
17276:
17250:
17220:
17205:. Al Jazeera.
17194:
17179:. Al Jazeera.
17168:
17153:. Al Jazeera.
17142:
17109:
17078:
17060:
17053:
17035:
17012:
16985:
16967:
16941:
16910:
16891:
16871:
16845:
16819:
16812:
16794:
16761:
16730:
16697:
16684:
16654:
16615:
16581:
16542:
16510:
16478:
16437:
16405:
16393:
16381:
16369:
16357:
16345:
16313:
16301:
16289:
16277:
16265:
16253:
16241:
16229:
16217:
16205:
16193:
16181:
16169:
16157:
16145:
16133:
16121:
16109:
16097:
16085:
16073:
16061:
16049:
16037:
16025:
16013:
16001:
15989:
15977:
15965:
15953:
15944:
15928:
15916:
15897:
15885:
15873:
15861:
15829:
15817:
15805:
15793:
15781:
15769:
15757:
15745:
15731:
15719:
15707:
15695:
15673:
15644:
15619:
15597:
15575:
15553:
15528:
15506:
15484:
15459:
15437:
15415:
15393:
15371:
15349:
15327:
15305:
15276:
15251:
15229:
15207:
15185:
15160:
15138:
15125:United Nations
15112:
15090:
15058:
15036:
15014:
14992:
14985:
14967:
14942:
14920:
14898:
14876:
14854:
14829:
14807:
14785:
14760:
14735:
14713:
14691:
14669:
14644:
14622:
14600:
14578:
14553:
14531:
14509:
14487:
14458:
14436:
14414:
14392:
14367:
14342:
14317:
14295:
14266:
14240:
14214:
14188:
14163:
14124:
14085:
14060:
14042:
14017:
13998:
13995:. 8 June 2018.
13978:
13971:
13953:
13932:
13906:
13888:
13874:
13860:
13838:
13816:
13777:
13735:
13699:
13657:
13640:
13600:
13563:
13531:
13501:
13475:
13443:
13417:
13391:
13366:
13340:
13314:
13288:
13268:
13261:
13239:
13227:on 25 May 2006
13207:
13176:
13151:
13126:
13111:"Introduction"
13099:
13083:
13064:
13049:
13001:
12963:
12926:
12902:
12883:
12863:
12843:
12818:
12793:
12756:
12722:
12703:
12677:
12646:
12635:on 7 July 2014
12619:
12610:
12608:, p. 316.
12598:
12596:, p. 312.
12586:
12584:, p. 304.
12574:
12562:
12560:, p. 322.
12550:
12543:
12525:
12523:, p. 302.
12513:
12480:
12473:
12454:
12447:
12429:
12401:
12379:
12362:
12319:
12312:
12294:
12269:
12243:
12225:
12207:
12186:
12168:
12136:
12104:
12071:
12041:
12005:
11972:
11947:
11917:
11887:
11857:
11827:
11797:
11766:
11736:
11710:
11691:
11658:
11627:
11602:
11568:
11536:
11522:
11503:
11477:
11447:
11420:
11407:Rome statute.
11283:
11251:
11217:(3): 627β634.
11194:
11163:(3): 608β620.
11143:
11122:United Nations
11105:
11091:United Nations
11074:
11059:. 8 May 2002.
11056:United Nations
11042:
11017:(6 May 2002).
11006:
10999:
10973:
10961:
10940:United Nations
10923:
10902:United Nations
10885:
10848:
10811:
10785:
10753:
10723:
10716:
10698:
10686:
10667:
10664:. 20 May 2024.
10649:
10635:
10616:
10594:
10568:
10542:
10516:
10485:
10460:
10428:
10399:
10373:
10334:
10327:
10307:
10286:(3): 275β283.
10266:
10241:
10216:
10186:
10179:
10161:
10154:
10136:
10106:
10084:
10070:
10040:
10029:on 9 July 2007
10014:
9988:
9969:
9962:
9944:
9918:
9895:"A/RES/55/155"
9886:
9863:"A/RES/54/105"
9854:
9832:
9821:on 15 May 2012
9801:
9778:
9750:
9722:
9690:
9683:
9665:
9658:
9630:
9601:
9571:
9524:
9498:
9481:Cato Institute
9464:
9435:
9397:
9378:(6): 743β757.
9358:
9351:
9333:
9326:
9306:
9252:
9226:
9197:(3): 729β747.
9177:
9152:
9143:
9113:
9112:
9110:
9107:
9106:
9105:
9100:
9095:
9090:
9085:
9079:
9074:
9069:
9064:
9057:
9054:
9021:
9018:
8991:
8988:
8982:
8979:
8973:
8970:
8960:
8957:
8951:
8948:
8938:abuses in the
8912:John R. Bolton
8893:
8890:
8873:Antony Blinken
8853:arrest warrant
8839:Antony Blinken
8803:Steven Mnuchin
8748:Fatou Bensouda
8720:George W. Bush
8704:George W. Bush
8695:
8692:
8665:Omar al-Bashir
8636:on account of
8634:Vladimir Putin
8610:Vladimir Putin
8595:
8592:
8571:
8568:
8556:Fatou Bensouda
8541:
8538:
8500:Tedros Adhanom
8487:Main article:
8484:
8481:
8420:Omar al-Bashir
8408:Uhuru Kenyatta
8406:and President
8367:
8366:
8281:
8279:
8272:
8266:
8263:
8233:
8232:African states
8230:
8228:
8225:
8200:
8199:
8196:
8193:
8121:
8118:
8085:
8084:United Nations
8082:
8080:
8077:
8074:
8073:
8053:
8040:
8031:
8022:
8012:
8011:
8003:
8002:
7999:
7997:
7995:
7993:
7991:
7988:
7985:
7982:
7979:
7973:
7972:
7970:
7967:
7965:
7963:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7953:
7950:
7947:
7942:
7936:
7935:
7932:
7930:
7928:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7918:
7915:
7912:
7906:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7896:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7886:
7883:
7880:
7875:
7873:Viktor Sokolov
7869:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7861:
7859:
7857:
7854:
7851:
7848:
7845:
7839:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7829:
7827:
7825:
7822:
7819:
7816:
7813:
7808:
7806:Vladimir Putin
7803:
7785:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7764:
7763:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7750:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7724:
7722:
7710:
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7692:
7691:
7689:
7686:
7684:
7678:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7670:
7668:
7666:
7663:
7660:
7657:
7654:
7652:David Sanakoev
7648:
7647:
7644:
7642:
7640:
7638:
7636:
7633:
7630:
7627:
7624:
7620:
7619:
7617:
7614:
7612:
7610:
7608:
7606:
7603:
7600:
7597:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7572:
7571:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7562:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7552:
7549:
7546:
7544:7 January 2019
7541:
7535:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7520:
7507:
7496:
7493:
7490:
7487:
7484:
7482:7 January 2019
7479:
7473:
7472:
7470:
7464:
7462:
7455:
7444:
7441:
7438:
7435:
7432:
7427:
7421:
7420:
7418:
7407:
7404:
7401:
7398:
7395:
7390:
7384:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7369:
7350:
7339:
7336:
7333:
7330:
7327:
7322:
7320:Alfred Yekatom
7317:
7310:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7300:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7290:
7287:
7284:
7279:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7250:
7241:8β17 July 2019
7237:
7226:
7223:
7220:
7217:
7214:
7209:
7203:
7202:
7200:
7193:decision final
7189:
7187:
7174:
7161:
7150:
7147:
7144:
7141:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7116:
7115:
7113:
7107:
7105:
7103:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7093:
7090:
7087:
7082:
7076:
7075:
7066:2 October 2014
7062:29 September β
7058:
7047:
7044:
7041:
7038:
7035:
7030:
7024:
7023:
7021:
7019:decision final
7015:
7008:
6987:
6974:
6963:
6960:
6957:
6954:
6951:
6946:
6944:Laurent Gbagbo
6941:
6935:
6934:
6932:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6918:
6915:
6912:
6906:15 August 2017
6903:
6897:
6896:
6894:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6880:
6877:
6874:
6869:
6863:
6862:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6848:
6845:
6842:
6836:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6818:
6815:
6812:
6806:
6805:
6803:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6786:
6783:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6748:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6738:
6735:
6732:
6728:
6727:
6725:
6719:
6717:
6706:
6700:
6689:
6686:
6683:
6680:
6677:
6672:
6666:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6656:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6646:
6643:
6640:
6635:
6634:Walter Barasa
6631:
6630:
6624:
6622:
6612:5 October 2011
6604:
6601:
6598:
6595:
6592:
6586:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6577:
6574:
6571:
6569:Uhuru Kenyatta
6565:
6564:
6562:
6556:
6554:
6546:5 October 2011
6538:
6533:
6530:
6527:
6524:
6521:
6514:
6508:
6507:
6501:
6499:
6485:
6482:
6479:
6476:
6473:
6467:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6452:
6446:
6445:
6443:
6437:
6435:
6418:
6406:
6401:
6398:
6395:
6392:
6389:
6382:
6377:
6365:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6355:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6345:
6342:
6339:
6334:
6328:
6327:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6313:
6310:
6307:
6303:27 August 2009
6300:
6294:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6284:
6272:
6267:
6264:
6261:
6258:
6255:
6245:27 August 2009
6242:
6240:Abdallah Banda
6236:
6235:
6233:
6227:
6225:
6210:
6205:
6202:
6199:
6196:
6193:
6186:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6170:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6160:
6157:
6154:
6145:
6139:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:5 April 2022 β
6126:
6117:24-26 May 2021
6113:
6102:
6099:
6096:
6093:
6090:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6074:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6064:
6061:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6036:
6035:
6029:decision final
6025:
6014:
6011:
6008:
6005:
6002:
5998:
5997:
5991:decision final
5987:
5976:
5973:
5970:
5967:
5964:
5960:
5959:
5953:decision final
5949:
5946:
5943:
5940:
5937:
5933:
5932:
5930:decision final
5926:
5915:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5903:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5890:decision final
5886:
5873:
5844:
5833:
5822:
5819:
5816:
5813:
5810:
5804:
5803:
5801:
5799:decision final
5795:
5780:
5757:
5745:
5734:
5731:
5728:
5725:
5722:
5713:
5708:
5702:
5701:
5699:
5696:decision final
5692:
5679:
5654:
5641:
5630:
5627:
5624:
5621:
5618:
5612:
5611:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5597:
5594:
5591:
5585:
5584:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5570:
5567:
5564:
5558:
5557:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5543:
5540:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5521:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5511:
5508:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5483:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5473:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5463:
5460:
5457:
5452:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5437:
5435:
5421:
5410:
5407:
5404:
5401:
5398:
5393:
5387:
5386:
5384:
5382:decision final
5378:
5366:
5348:
5337:
5334:
5331:
5328:
5325:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5300:decision final
5296:
5293:
5272:
5260:
5249:
5246:
5243:
5240:
5237:
5232:
5226:
5225:
5223:
5220:decision final
5216:
5209:
5196:30 August 2018
5186:
5173:
5172:26 March 2013
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5148:22 August 2006
5145:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5129:decision final
5125:
5116:19β20 May 2014
5112:
5099:26 August 2011
5089:
5077:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5032:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5007:
5006:
5001:
4999:Current status
4996:
4987:
4978:
4969:
4959:
4954:
4944:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4872:
4869:
4866:
4855:
4854:
4845:
4836:
4826:
4817:
4808:
4799:
4790:
4781:
4772:
4762:
4761:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4701:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4685:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4473:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4439:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4414:
4411:
4405:
4404:
4391:
4388:
4385:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4362:
4359:
4352:
4349:
4345:
4344:
4337:
4334:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4308:
4305:
4298:
4295:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4253:
4252:CΓ΄te d'Ivoire
4249:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4207:
4204:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4182:
4179:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4156:
4153:
4147:
4146:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4120:
4117:
4110:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3990:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3939:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3847:
3834:
3825:
3815:
3805:
3796:
3787:
3778:
3767:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3705:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3622:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3597:
3594:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3581:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3448:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3435:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3346:
3343:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3317:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3293:
3290:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3266:
3263:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3208:20 August 2008
3205:
3202:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3101:
3098:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3040:
3038:7 January 2005
3035:
3033:7 January 2005
3030:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:3 October 2011
2955:
2953:1 October 2003
2950:
2947:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2757:Main article:
2754:
2751:
2721:Dominic Ongwen
2693:Laurent Gbagbo
2654:Thomas Lubanga
2631:Omar al-Bashir
2622:
2619:
2608:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2526:
2522:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2481:United Kingdom
2478:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2406:
2403:
2378:
2375:
2362:branch of the
2351:Main article:
2348:
2345:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2299:
2296:
2279:
2276:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2129:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2099:
2098:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2052:
2049:
2028:ICC Prosecutor
1994:
1991:
1983:Thomas Lubanga
1977:
1974:
1943:
1940:
1919:
1916:
1894:triers of fact
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1858:
1855:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1797:
1794:
1784:
1781:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1695:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1569:Sexual slavery
1566:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1540:
1529:
1526:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1493:
1490:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1369:
1366:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1325:
1322:
1302:Fatou Bensouda
1282:
1281:
1278:
1271:
1240:Fatou Bensouda
1228:Main article:
1225:
1222:
1209:Main article:
1206:
1203:
1175:Song Sang-hyun
1164:Main article:
1161:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1116:
1113:
1068:Main article:
1065:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1037:
1034:
1026:Ismail Haniyeh
999:Viktor Sokolov
963:Vladimir Putin
940:Laurent Gbagbo
928:Uhuru Kenyatta
920:Omar al-Bashir
894:Vladimir Putin
890:Omar al-Bashir
850:
847:
843:
842:
839:
836:
833:
825:
822:
671:
668:
586:Following the
555:
552:
542:
539:
442:
441:
432:
429:
428:
425:
424:
421:
418:
415:
414:
411:
402:
399:
398:
395:
394:
390:
389:
386:
385:
380:
374:
371:
370:
365:
359:
356:
355:
350:
344:
341:
340:
335:
329:
326:
325:
320:
314:
311:
310:
307:
306:
302:
301:
298:
292:
291:
289:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
254:
253:
252:
250:
244:
243:
241:
240:
235:
229:
227:
221:
220:
214:
210:
209:
201:
195:
189:
183:
177:
176:
172:
164:
163:
159:
152:
151:
148:
147:
143:
142:
139:
138:
131:
124:
123:
116:
109:
108:
101:
94:
93:
86:
79:
78:
71:
53:
52:
51:
50:
49:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
20717:
20706:
20703:
20701:
20698:
20696:
20693:
20691:
20688:
20686:
20683:
20681:
20678:
20677:
20675:
20660:
20657:
20655:
20652:
20650:
20647:
20645:
20642:
20640:
20637:
20635:
20632:
20630:
20627:
20625:
20622:
20620:
20617:
20616:
20614:
20610:
20604:
20601:
20599:
20596:
20594:
20591:
20589:
20586:
20584:
20581:
20579:
20576:
20574:
20571:
20570:
20568:
20566:
20562:
20556:
20553:
20549:
20546:
20544:
20541:
20539:
20536:
20534:
20531:
20529:
20526:
20525:
20524:
20521:
20519:
20516:
20514:
20511:
20509:
20506:
20504:
20501:
20499:
20496:
20494:
20491:
20489:
20486:
20484:
20481:
20479:
20476:
20474:
20471:
20469:
20466:
20464:
20461:
20457:
20454:
20452:
20449:
20448:
20447:
20444:
20442:
20439:
20437:
20434:
20432:
20429:
20427:
20424:
20422:
20419:
20417:
20414:
20412:
20409:
20407:
20404:
20402:
20399:
20397:
20394:
20392:
20389:
20385:
20382:
20380:
20377:
20375:
20372:
20371:
20370:
20367:
20366:
20364:
20360:
20354:
20351:
20349:
20346:
20344:
20341:
20339:
20336:
20334:
20331:
20329:
20326:
20325:
20323:
20321:
20317:
20307:
20304:
20302:
20299:
20298:
20296:
20292:
20286:
20283:
20281:
20278:
20276:
20273:
20271:
20268:
20266:
20263:
20261:
20258:
20256:
20253:
20252:
20250:
20246:
20243:
20241:
20240:Organizations
20237:
20231:
20228:
20227:
20224:
20220:
20213:
20208:
20206:
20201:
20199:
20194:
20193:
20190:
20174:
20171:
20169:
20166:
20164:
20161:
20160:
20158:
20154:
20147:
20141:
20138:
20136:
20133:
20131:
20128:
20126:
20123:
20121:
20118:
20116:
20113:
20111:
20108:
20106:
20103:
20101:
20098:
20096:
20093:
20091:
20088:
20086:
20083:
20082:
20080:
20078:
20075:Non-cultural
20073:
20070:
20066:
20060:
20059:organizations
20054:
20048:
20042:
20035:
20030:
20028:
20023:
20021:
20016:
20015:
20012:
20000:
19997:
19995:
19992:
19991:
19989:
19987:
19978:
19972:
19969:
19967:
19966:Emergency NGO
19964:
19962:
19959:
19957:
19954:
19952:
19949:
19948:
19946:
19944:
19939:
19933:
19930:
19928:
19925:
19923:
19920:
19918:
19915:
19913:
19910:
19908:
19905:
19903:
19900:
19898:
19895:
19893:
19890:
19888:
19885:
19883:
19880:
19878:
19875:
19873:
19870:
19868:
19865:
19863:
19860:
19858:
19855:
19853:
19850:
19848:
19845:
19843:
19840:
19839:
19837:
19833:Multi-lateral
19831:
19825:
19822:
19820:
19817:
19815:
19812:
19810:
19807:
19805:
19802:
19800:
19797:
19795:
19792:
19791:
19789:
19785:
19779:
19776:
19774:
19771:
19769:
19766:
19764:
19761:
19759:
19756:
19754:
19751:
19749:
19746:
19745:
19743:
19739:International
19737:
19731:
19728:
19726:
19723:
19721:
19718:
19716:
19713:
19712:
19710:
19706:
19702:
19698:
19697:organisations
19695:
19687:
19682:
19680:
19675:
19673:
19668:
19667:
19664:
19652:
19649:
19647:
19644:
19642:
19639:
19637:
19634:
19632:
19629:
19627:
19624:
19623:
19621:
19617:
19611:
19608:
19606:
19603:
19601:
19598:
19596:
19593:
19591:
19588:
19586:
19583:
19581:
19578:
19576:
19573:
19571:
19568:
19566:
19563:
19562:
19560:
19553:
19548:
19542:
19539:
19537:
19534:
19532:
19531:Slave trading
19529:
19527:
19524:
19520:
19517:
19515:
19512:
19511:
19510:
19507:
19505:
19502:
19500:
19497:
19495:
19492:
19491:
19489:
19486:
19479:
19473:
19470:
19468:
19465:
19463:
19460:
19458:
19455:
19453:
19450:
19448:
19445:
19443:
19440:
19438:
19435:
19433:
19430:
19428:
19425:
19424:
19422:
19420:
19416:
19412:
19405:
19400:
19398:
19393:
19391:
19386:
19385:
19382:
19370:
19367:
19365:
19362:
19360:
19357:
19355:
19352:
19350:
19347:
19345:
19342:
19341:
19339:
19335:
19325:
19322:
19320:
19317:
19316:
19314:
19310:
19304:
19301:
19300:
19298:
19296:
19292:
19286:
19283:
19281:
19278:
19276:
19273:
19271:
19268:
19266:
19263:
19261:
19258:
19256:
19253:
19251:
19248:
19246:
19243:
19241:
19240:Darfur, Sudan
19238:
19236:
19233:
19231:
19228:
19227:
19225:
19223:
19219:
19216:
19212:
19202:
19199:
19196:
19193:
19191:
19188:
19186:
19183:
19181:
19178:
19176:
19173:
19171:
19168:
19166:
19163:
19161:
19158:
19156:
19153:
19151:
19148:
19146:
19143:
19141:
19137:
19134:
19132:
19129:
19128:
19126:
19122:
19116:
19113:
19111:
19108:
19106:
19103:
19102:
19100:
19096:
19093:
19089:
19083:
19080:
19078:
19075:
19073:
19070:
19068:
19065:
19064:
19062:
19058:
19053:
19038:
19037:
19033:
19030:
19027:
19024:
19021:
19018:
19015:
19012:
19009:
19008:
19006:
19002:
18992:
18989:
18987:
18984:
18982:
18979:
18977:
18974:
18973:
18971:
18967:
18961:
18958:
18957:
18955:
18951:
18948:
18944:
18938:
18935:
18933:
18930:
18928:
18925:
18923:
18920:
18917:
18913:
18910:
18909:
18907:
18905:International
18903:
18900:
18896:
18892:
18885:
18880:
18878:
18873:
18871:
18866:
18865:
18862:
18856:
18852:
18849:
18847:
18844:
18842:
18839:
18835:
18830:
18829:
18808:
18804:
18798:
18796:
18779:
18778:
18773:
18767:
18752:
18748:
18741:
18733:
18729:
18722:
18706:
18702:
18698:
18691:
18676:
18672:
18665:
18663:
18654:
18650:
18646:
18642:
18638:
18634:
18630:
18626:
18622:
18615:
18600:
18596:
18592:
18588:
18581:
18566:
18562:
18556:
18545:
18539:
18523:
18519:
18513:
18505:
18501:
18497:
18493:
18489:
18485:
18478:
18462:
18458:
18454:
18450:
18446:
18439:
18437:
18428:
18421:
18413:
18409:
18405:
18401:
18397:
18393:
18389:
18385:
18381:
18374:
18366:
18362:
18358:
18352:
18348:
18347:
18339:
18323:
18319:
18315:
18308:
18300:
18293:
18277:
18273:
18269:
18262:
18247:
18246:
18241:
18234:
18226:
18222:
18215:
18207:
18203:
18196:
18181:
18177:
18173:
18167:
18159:
18155:
18149:
18141:
18137:
18131:
18123:
18122:
18117:
18111:
18103:
18102:
18097:
18091:
18083:
18079:
18073:
18057:
18051:
18043:
18042:
18037:
18030:
18014:
18013:
18008:
18002:
17987:
17983:
17979:
17975:
17968:
17952:
17946:
17930:
17923:
17908:
17907:
17902:
17895:
17880:
17876:
17870:
17855:
17851:
17847:
17843:
17842:
17837:
17830:
17814:
17808:
17793:
17789:
17785:
17778:
17770:
17766:
17765:
17760:
17753:
17738:
17734:
17727:
17720:
17709:
17705:
17698:
17690:
17686:
17680:
17672:
17666:
17650:
17646:
17640:
17632:
17628:
17621:
17613:
17609:
17603:
17595:
17589:
17581:
17577:
17571:
17556:
17555:
17550:
17543:
17541:
17525:
17521:
17515:
17500:
17496:
17489:
17473:
17469:
17465:
17459:
17443:
17439:
17435:
17429:
17413:
17409:
17405:
17399:
17383:
17379:
17375:
17369:
17353:
17349:
17345:
17338:
17322:
17318:
17314:
17307:
17291:
17287:
17280:
17264:
17260:
17254:
17238:
17234:
17230:
17224:
17208:
17204:
17198:
17182:
17178:
17172:
17156:
17152:
17146:
17130:
17126:
17125:
17120:
17113:
17097:
17093:
17089:
17082:
17074:
17070:
17064:
17056:
17054:9781786992970
17050:
17046:
17039:
17023:
17016:
17000:
16996:
16989:
16981:
16977:
16971:
16955:
16954:Nehanda Radio
16951:
16945:
16929:
16925:
16921:
16914:
16898:
16894:
16892:9781409400981
16888:
16884:
16883:
16875:
16859:
16855:
16849:
16833:
16829:
16823:
16815:
16809:
16805:
16798:
16782:
16778:
16777:
16772:
16765:
16749:
16745:
16741:
16734:
16718:
16714:
16713:
16708:
16701:
16687:
16681:
16677:
16673:
16669:
16665:
16658:
16650:
16644:
16628:
16622:
16620:
16611:
16604:
16602:
16600:
16598:
16596:
16594:
16592:
16590:
16588:
16586:
16577:
16571:
16552:
16546:
16527:
16520:
16514:
16495:
16488:
16482:
16473:
16467:
16451:
16444:
16442:
16422:
16415:
16409:
16402:
16397:
16390:
16385:
16378:
16373:
16366:
16361:
16354:
16349:
16333:
16329:
16328:
16323:
16317:
16310:
16305:
16298:
16293:
16286:
16281:
16274:
16269:
16262:
16257:
16250:
16245:
16238:
16233:
16226:
16221:
16214:
16209:
16202:
16197:
16190:
16185:
16178:
16173:
16166:
16161:
16154:
16149:
16142:
16137:
16130:
16125:
16118:
16113:
16106:
16101:
16094:
16089:
16082:
16077:
16070:
16065:
16058:
16053:
16046:
16041:
16034:
16029:
16022:
16017:
16010:
16005:
15998:
15993:
15986:
15981:
15974:
15969:
15962:
15957:
15948:
15941:
15939:
15932:
15925:
15920:
15912:
15907:
15901:
15894:
15889:
15882:
15877:
15870:
15865:
15849:
15845:
15844:
15839:
15833:
15826:
15821:
15814:
15809:
15802:
15797:
15790:
15785:
15778:
15773:
15766:
15761:
15754:
15749:
15741:
15735:
15728:
15723:
15716:
15711:
15704:
15699:
15683:
15677:
15658:
15656:
15648:
15629:
15623:
15607:
15601:
15585:
15579:
15563:
15557:
15541:
15535:
15533:
15516:
15510:
15494:
15488:
15469:
15463:
15447:
15441:
15425:
15419:
15403:
15397:
15381:
15375:
15359:
15353:
15337:
15331:
15315:
15309:
15290:
15288:
15280:
15264:
15258:
15256:
15239:
15233:
15217:
15211:
15195:
15189:
15170:
15164:
15148:
15142:
15126:
15122:
15116:
15100:
15094:
15075:
15069:
15067:
15065:
15063:
15046:
15040:
15024:
15018:
15002:
14996:
14988:
14982:
14978:
14971:
14952:
14946:
14930:
14924:
14908:
14902:
14886:
14880:
14864:
14858:
14839:
14833:
14817:
14811:
14795:
14789:
14770:
14764:
14745:
14739:
14723:
14717:
14701:
14695:
14679:
14673:
14657:
14651:
14649:
14632:
14626:
14610:
14604:
14588:
14582:
14563:
14557:
14541:
14535:
14519:
14513:
14497:
14491:
14472:
14470:
14462:
14446:
14440:
14424:
14418:
14402:
14396:
14377:
14371:
14352:
14346:
14327:
14321:
14305:
14299:
14283:
14279:
14273:
14271:
14254:
14250:
14244:
14228:
14224:
14218:
14203:
14199:
14192:
14177:
14173:
14167:
14151:
14147:
14143:
14139:
14135:
14128:
14112:
14108:
14104:
14100:
14096:
14089:
14074:
14070:
14064:
14056:
14052:
14046:
14031:
14027:
14021:
14013:
14009:
14002:
13994:
13993:
13988:
13982:
13974:
13968:
13964:
13957:
13949:
13948:
13943:
13936:
13920:
13916:
13910:
13902:
13898:
13892:
13884:
13878:
13870:
13864:
13848:
13842:
13834:
13830:
13826:
13820:
13801:
13797:
13790:
13784:
13782:
13762:
13758:
13751:
13745:
13739:
13720:
13716:
13709:
13703:
13696:
13681:
13677:
13670:
13664:
13662:
13650:
13644:
13636:
13630:
13614:
13607:
13605:
13596:
13590:
13574:
13567:
13548:
13541:
13535:
13519:
13515:
13508:
13506:
13490:
13486:
13479:
13460:
13453:
13447:
13431:
13427:
13421:
13405:
13401:
13395:
13380:
13376:
13370:
13354:
13350:
13344:
13328:
13324:
13318:
13302:
13298:
13292:
13282:
13278:
13272:
13264:
13258:
13254:
13251:. Cambridge:
13250:
13243:
13237:Paragraph 22.
13226:
13222:
13218:
13211:
13195:
13191:
13187:
13180:
13172:
13168:
13167:
13162:
13155:
13147:
13143:
13142:
13137:
13130:
13123:
13119:
13115:
13112:
13106:
13104:
13096:
13094:
13087:
13078:
13074:
13068:
13059:
13053:
13034:
13030:
13026:
13025:
13017:
13010:
13008:
13006:
12986:
12982:
12981:
12973:
12967:
12959:
12953:
12937:
12930:
12919:
12912:
12906:
12890:
12886:
12884:9781317910824
12880:
12877:. Routledge.
12876:
12875:
12867:
12857:
12853:
12847:
12836:
12829:
12822:
12814:
12810:
12809:
12808:SGI Quarterly
12804:
12797:
12789:
12783:
12767:
12760:
12744:
12740:
12736:
12729:
12727:
12718:
12714:
12707:
12691:
12687:
12681:
12665:
12661:
12657:
12650:
12634:
12630:
12623:
12614:
12607:
12602:
12595:
12590:
12583:
12578:
12571:
12566:
12559:
12554:
12546:
12540:
12536:
12529:
12522:
12517:
12498:
12491:
12484:
12476:
12470:
12466:
12458:
12450:
12444:
12440:
12433:
12418:
12414:
12408:
12406:
12389:
12383:
12372:
12366:
12347:
12344:. ICC. 2011.
12340:
12334:
12332:
12330:
12328:
12326:
12324:
12315:
12309:
12305:
12298:
12283:
12279:
12273:
12257:
12253:
12247:
12239:
12235:
12229:
12221:
12217:
12211:
12203:
12199:
12193:
12191:
12183:
12182:
12175:
12173:
12156:
12152:
12151:
12146:
12140:
12124:
12120:
12119:
12114:
12108:
12092:
12088:
12087:
12082:
12075:
12059:
12055:
12051:
12045:
12026:
12022:
12015:
12009:
11993:
11989:
11988:
11983:
11976:
11961:
11957:
11951:
11935:
11931:
11927:
11921:
11905:
11901:
11897:
11891:
11875:
11871:
11867:
11861:
11845:
11841:
11837:
11831:
11815:
11811:
11807:
11801:
11785:
11781:
11777:
11770:
11754:
11750:
11746:
11740:
11725:
11721:
11714:
11706:
11702:
11695:
11687:
11683:
11679:
11675:
11671:
11670:
11662:
11655:
11650:
11646:
11642:
11638:
11631:
11616:
11609:
11607:
11590:
11586:
11579:
11577:
11575:
11573:
11556:
11552:
11545:
11543:
11541:
11532:
11526:
11517:
11513:
11507:
11491:
11487:
11481:
11465:
11461:
11454:
11452:
11435:
11431:
11424:
11417:
11416:
11410:
11409:On Wikisource
11404:
11402:
11400:
11398:
11396:
11394:
11392:
11390:
11388:
11386:
11384:
11382:
11380:
11378:
11376:
11374:
11372:
11370:
11368:
11366:
11364:
11362:
11360:
11358:
11356:
11354:
11352:
11350:
11348:
11346:
11344:
11342:
11340:
11338:
11336:
11334:
11332:
11330:
11328:
11326:
11324:
11322:
11320:
11318:
11316:
11314:
11312:
11310:
11308:
11306:
11304:
11302:
11300:
11298:
11296:
11294:
11292:
11290:
11288:
11271:
11267:
11266:
11261:
11255:
11244:
11240:
11236:
11232:
11228:
11224:
11220:
11216:
11212:
11205:
11198:
11190:
11186:
11182:
11178:
11174:
11170:
11166:
11162:
11158:
11154:
11147:
11128:
11124:
11123:
11115:
11109:
11093:
11092:
11084:
11078:
11062:
11058:
11057:
11052:
11046:
11030:
11026:
11025:
11020:
11016:
11010:
11002:
11000:90-04-13818-8
10996:
10992:
10988:
10984:
10977:
10970:
10965:
10946:
10942:
10941:
10933:
10927:
10908:
10904:
10903:
10895:
10889:
10873:
10869:
10865:
10859:
10857:
10855:
10853:
10836:
10832:
10828:
10822:
10820:
10818:
10816:
10808:
10804:
10800:
10794:
10792:
10790:
10773:
10769:
10762:
10760:
10758:
10741:
10737:
10730:
10728:
10719:
10713:
10709:
10702:
10695:
10690:
10682:
10678:
10671:
10663:
10659:
10653:
10645:
10639:
10631:
10627:
10620:
10604:
10598:
10582:
10578:
10572:
10556:
10552:
10546:
10530:
10526:
10520:
10505:
10501:
10494:
10492:
10490:
10473:
10467:
10465:
10456:
10452:
10448:
10444:
10443:
10438:
10432:
10417:
10413:
10406:
10404:
10388:
10384:
10377:
10369:
10365:
10361:
10357:
10353:
10349:
10345:
10338:
10330:
10324:
10320:
10319:
10311:
10303:
10299:
10294:
10289:
10285:
10281:
10277:
10270:
10255:
10251:
10245:
10230:
10226:
10220:
10204:
10200:
10196:
10190:
10182:
10176:
10172:
10165:
10157:
10151:
10147:
10140:
10125:on 7 May 2019
10124:
10120:
10116:
10110:
10094:
10088:
10080:
10074:
10058:
10054:
10050:
10044:
10028:
10024:
10018:
10002:
9998:
9992:
9984:
9980:
9973:
9965:
9959:
9955:
9948:
9932:
9928:
9922:
9903:
9896:
9890:
9871:
9864:
9858:
9851:
9846:
9842:
9836:
9820:
9816:
9812:
9805:
9797:
9793:
9789:
9782:
9767:
9763:
9757:
9755:
9739:
9735:
9729:
9727:
9707:
9700:
9694:
9686:
9680:
9676:
9669:
9661:
9655:
9651:
9647:
9643:
9642:
9634:
9618:
9614:
9608:
9606:
9589:
9585:
9581:
9575:
9567:
9563:
9559:
9555:
9551:
9547:
9543:
9539:
9535:
9528:
9512:
9508:
9502:
9486:
9482:
9478:
9471:
9469:
9452:
9448:
9442:
9440:
9424:
9420:
9416:
9412:
9408:
9401:
9393:
9389:
9385:
9381:
9377:
9373:
9369:
9362:
9354:
9348:
9344:
9337:
9329:
9323:
9319:
9318:
9310:
9302:
9298:
9294:
9290:
9286:
9282:
9278:
9274:
9270:
9266:
9262:
9256:
9240:
9233:
9231:
9222:
9218:
9214:
9210:
9205:
9200:
9196:
9192:
9188:
9181:
9166:
9162:
9156:
9147:
9140:
9128:
9124:
9118:
9114:
9104:
9101:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9083:
9080:
9078:
9075:
9073:
9070:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9059:
9053:
9051:
9047:
9043:
9038:
9036:
9032:
9027:
9017:
9013:
9010:
9005:
9003:
8998:
8987:
8978:
8969:
8965:
8956:
8947:
8945:
8941:
8937:
8933:
8929:
8925:
8921:
8917:
8913:
8908:
8906:
8905:
8899:
8889:
8887:
8882:
8878:
8874:
8870:
8866:
8862:
8859:over alleged
8858:
8854:
8849:
8847:
8842:
8840:
8835:
8830:
8828:
8824:
8820:
8816:
8812:
8808:
8804:
8800:
8797:
8792:
8789:
8783:
8781:
8777:
8773:
8769:
8765:
8761:
8757:
8753:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8737:
8733:
8729:
8725:
8721:
8718:
8713:
8705:
8700:
8694:United States
8691:
8687:
8685:
8681:
8676:
8674:
8673:Sergei Lavrov
8670:
8666:
8661:
8660:Naledi Pandor
8656:
8654:
8650:
8646:
8642:
8639:
8635:
8631:
8627:
8626:Dmitry Peskov
8619:
8618:Sergei Lavrov
8615:
8611:
8606:
8601:
8591:
8588:
8585:
8581:
8577:
8567:
8565:
8561:
8557:
8553:
8548:
8547:
8537:
8535:
8530:
8526:
8522:
8518:
8513:
8508:
8506:
8501:
8496:
8490:
8480:
8478:
8474:
8470:
8465:
8464:Simone Gbagbo
8461:
8457:
8453:
8449:
8445:
8441:
8437:
8433:
8429:
8425:
8421:
8415:
8413:
8412:African Union
8409:
8405:
8400:
8398:
8394:
8388:
8386:
8378:
8373:
8363:
8360:
8352:
8341:
8338:
8334:
8331:
8327:
8324:
8320:
8317:
8313:
8310: β
8309:
8305:
8304:Find sources:
8298:
8294:
8288:
8287:
8282:This section
8280:
8276:
8271:
8270:
8262:
8259:
8255:
8251:
8247:
8243:
8239:
8224:
8220:
8216:
8212:
8210:
8204:
8197:
8194:
8191:
8190:
8189:
8186:
8184:
8180:
8176:
8172:
8168:
8164:
8160:
8156:
8152:
8148:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8130:
8128:
8117:
8113:
8111:
8107:
8099:
8096:referred the
8095:
8090:
8079:Relationships
8070:
8064:
8062:
8060:
8058:
8050:
8044:
8035:
8026:
8017:
8013:
8010:
8009:
8000:
7998:
7996:
7994:
7992:
7989:
7986:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7974:
7968:
7966:
7964:
7962:
7960:
7957:
7954:
7951:
7948:
7941:
7940:Sergei Shoigu
7938:
7937:
7933:
7931:
7929:
7927:
7925:
7922:
7919:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7907:
7901:
7899:
7897:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7887:
7884:
7881:
7874:
7871:
7870:
7866:
7864:
7862:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7852:
7849:
7846:
7844:
7841:
7840:
7834:
7832:
7830:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7811:17 March 2023
7807:
7804:
7801:
7795:
7790:
7786:
7780:
7775:
7769:
7766:
7765:
7759:
7755:
7752:
7751:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7732:
7731:
7725:
7720:
7715:
7712:
7711:
7705:
7701:
7697:
7694:
7693:
7687:
7683:
7680:
7679:
7675:
7673:
7671:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7661:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7649:
7645:
7643:
7641:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7631:
7628:
7625:
7622:
7621:
7615:
7613:
7611:
7609:
7607:
7604:
7601:
7598:
7595:
7588:
7585:
7582:
7577:
7573:
7567:
7565:
7563:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7553:
7550:
7547:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7536:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7526:
7521:
7513:
7508:
7501:
7497:
7494:
7491:
7488:
7485:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7474:
7471:
7468:
7465:
7460:
7456:
7453:22 March 2022
7449:
7448:14 March 2022
7445:
7442:
7439:
7436:
7433:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7419:
7412:
7408:
7405:
7402:
7399:
7396:
7391:
7389:
7386:
7385:
7377:
7375:
7361:
7355:
7344:
7340:
7337:
7334:
7331:
7328:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7315:
7311:
7305:
7303:
7301:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7291:
7288:
7285:
7280:
7278:
7277:Iyad Ag Ghaly
7275:
7274:
7268:
7266:
7256:
7251:
7242:
7238:
7231:
7230:31 March 2018
7227:
7224:
7221:
7218:
7215:
7212:27 March 2018
7210:
7208:
7205:
7204:
7198:
7194:
7190:
7188:
7180:
7175:
7172:24 March 2016
7166:
7162:
7155:
7151:
7148:
7145:
7142:
7139:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7126:
7121:
7117:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7104:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7094:
7091:
7088:
7083:
7081:
7080:Simone Gbagbo
7078:
7077:
7068:
7059:
7056:27 March 2014
7053:
7048:
7045:
7042:
7039:
7036:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7025:
7020:
7013:31 March 2021
7003:
6999:
6993:
6980:
6975:
6969:
6964:
6961:
6958:
6955:
6952:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6936:
6931:due to death
6930:
6927:
6922:
6919:
6916:
6913:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6893:due to death
6892:
6889:
6884:
6881:
6878:
6875:
6872:18 April 2013
6868:
6865:
6864:
6860:
6857:
6852:
6849:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6837:
6833:
6831:
6829:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6819:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6807:
6802:
6798:
6795:
6790:
6787:
6784:
6781:
6774:
6771:
6768:
6763:
6759:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6749:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6739:
6736:
6733:
6730:
6729:
6726:
6724:due to death
6723:
6720:
6718:
6716:
6707:
6701:
6695:
6690:
6687:
6684:
6681:
6678:
6675:10 March 2015
6671:
6668:
6667:
6661:
6659:
6657:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6647:
6644:
6641:
6638:2 August 2013
6636:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6625:
6618:
6614:
6605:
6602:
6599:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6581:
6578:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6566:
6560:
6548:
6531:
6528:
6525:
6522:
6513:
6510:
6509:
6505:
6502:
6495:
6491:
6486:
6483:
6480:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6468:
6465:
6462:
6459:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6441:
6436:
6433:
6428:
6412:
6399:
6396:
6393:
6390:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6370:
6366:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6356:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6346:
6343:
6340:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6329:
6326:due to death
6325:
6317:
6314:
6311:
6308:
6299:
6296:
6295:
6287:
6278:
6265:
6262:
6259:
6256:
6241:
6238:
6237:
6234:
6231:
6228:
6220:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6203:
6200:
6197:
6194:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6181:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6171:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6161:
6158:
6155:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6140:
6134:
6132:
6127:
6119:
6114:
6108:
6103:
6100:
6097:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6077:
6075:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6059:
6056:27 April 2007
6052:
6049:
6046:
6041:
6040:Darfur, Sudan
6037:
6034:
6030:
6023:20 March 2014
6020:
6018:18 March 2014
6015:
6012:
6009:
6006:
6003:
6000:
5999:
5996:
5992:
5982:
5977:
5974:
5971:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5958:
5954:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5931:
5921:
5913:
5910:
5907:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5895:
5891:
5865:22 March 2017
5854:
5837:
5828:
5823:
5820:
5817:
5814:
5811:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5796:
5790:
5786:
5781:
5772:21 March 2016
5767:
5758:
5751:
5746:
5740:
5735:
5732:
5729:
5726:
5723:
5714:
5712:
5707:
5703:
5697:
5693:
5685:
5680:
5666:
5664:12 March 2020
5660:
5655:
5652:23 March 2016
5647:
5642:
5636:
5631:
5628:
5625:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5613:
5610:due to death
5609:
5606:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5583:due to death
5582:
5579:
5574:
5571:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5559:
5556:due to death
5555:
5552:
5547:
5544:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5532:
5526:
5524:
5522:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5512:
5509:
5506:
5499:
5496:
5493:
5488:
5484:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5474:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5464:
5461:
5458:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5447:
5444:
5441:
5438:
5431:
5427:
5422:
5416:
5411:
5408:
5405:
5402:
5399:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5379:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5358:
5349:
5343:
5338:
5335:
5332:
5329:
5326:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5315:
5312:
5305:
5301:
5297:
5294:
5282:
5273:
5266:
5255:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5224:
5221:
5217:
5214:30 March 2021
5210:
5198:
5192:
5187:
5179:
5174:
5170:
5169:22 March 2013
5167:
5164:
5161:
5158:
5155:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5140:
5137:
5134:
5130:
5126:
5118:
5113:
5105:14 March 2012
5100:
5094:
5090:
5083:
5078:
5075:20 March 2006
5072:
5070:17 March 2006
5067:
5064:
5061:
5058:
5055:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5042:
5037:
5033:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5009:
5008:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4992:
4986:
4983:
4977:
4974:
4967:
4964:
4958:
4952:
4951:
4943:
4939:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4849:
4840:
4830:
4821:
4812:
4803:
4794:
4785:
4776:
4767:
4763:
4760:
4759:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4674:
4671:
4668:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4635:
4632:
4629:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4363:
4360:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4338:
4335:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4309:
4306:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4247:
4244:
4241:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4196:
4193:
4190:
4183:
4180:
4173:
4170:
4167:
4164:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4134:
4131:
4128:
4121:
4118:
4111:
4108:
4101:
4094:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4081:Darfur, Sudan
4078:
4075:
4072:
4065:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4020:
4017:
4014:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3859:
3841:
3839:
3829:
3819:
3809:
3800:
3791:
3782:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3755:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3731:
3722:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3696:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3680:
3678:Venezuela II
3677:
3676:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3582:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3556:
3551:
3548:25 April 2016
3546:
3543:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3500:
3495:
3492:25 April 2014
3490:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3436:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3347:
3344:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3328:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3294:
3291:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3267:
3264:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3240:
3237:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3188:
3185:31 March 2010
3183:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3129:
3126:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3102:
3099:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3063:31 March 2005
3061:
3058:
3056:
3055:Darfur, Sudan
3053:
3052:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3015:
3012:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2942:CΓ΄te d'Ivoire
2940:
2939:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2920:19 April 2004
2918:
2913:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2865:
2855:
2845:
2844:Investigation
2836:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2765:
2760:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2690:case and the
2686:
2684:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2670:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2643:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2621:Trial history
2618:
2614:
2605:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2413:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2377:Other offices
2374:
2372:
2367:
2365:
2361:
2354:
2344:
2342:
2333:
2320:
2318:
2312:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2295:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2242:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2200:
2197:December 2015
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2142:, Netherlands
2141:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2063:
2058:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1872:
1863:
1854:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1819:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1793:
1789:
1780:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:Extermination
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1525:
1523:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1410:Silvana Arbia
1408:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1398:Bruno Cathala
1396:
1395:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1378:
1376:
1365:
1362:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1321:
1319:
1318:Islamic State
1314:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1187:
1184:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1157:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1098:
1097:United States
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1064:State parties
1061:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1045:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:Mohammed Deif
1019:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
979:
975:
971:
968:
964:
960:
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
907:
903:
895:
891:
886:
882:
880:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
846:
840:
837:
834:
831:
830:
829:
821:
819:
815:
811:
807:
802:
800:
796:
791:
789:
784:
781:
778:
775:
772:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
741:
739:
735:
731:
730:New York City
727:
722:
718:
714:
712:
708:
704:
703:Yugoslav Wars
700:
696:
692:
687:
685:
681:
677:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
598:
593:
592:allied powers
589:
584:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
547:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
511:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
478:to prosecute
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
439:
435:
430:
426:
422:
416:
412:
407:
400:
396:
393:Establishment
391:
387:
384:
381:
378:
372:
369:
366:
363:
357:
354:
351:
348:
342:
339:
336:
333:
327:
324:
321:
318:
312:
308:
303:
299:
297:
296:Member states
293:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
258:
251:
249:
245:
239:
236:
234:
231:
230:
228:
226:
222:
219:, Netherlands
218:
215:
211:
175:
170:
165:
160:Official logo
156:
149:
136:
132:
129:
125:
117:
114:
110:
102:
99:
95:
87:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62:
61:
57:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
20538:Multilateral
20468:Isolationism
20421:Expansionism
20264:
20089:
19757:
19741:institutions
19701:institutions
19694:human rights
19589:
19472:Rome Statute
19138:(elections:
19091:Organisation
19034:
18912:Rome Statute
18890:
18811:. Retrieved
18806:
18782:. Retrieved
18775:
18766:
18754:. Retrieved
18750:
18740:
18721:
18709:. Retrieved
18704:
18700:
18690:
18678:. Retrieved
18674:
18628:
18624:
18614:
18604:29 September
18602:. Retrieved
18590:
18580:
18570:30 September
18568:. Retrieved
18564:
18555:
18538:
18526:. Retrieved
18512:
18487:
18483:
18477:
18465:. Retrieved
18448:
18426:
18420:
18387:
18383:
18373:
18345:
18338:
18328:16 September
18326:. Retrieved
18322:the original
18317:
18307:
18292:
18282:10 September
18280:. Retrieved
18261:
18249:. Retrieved
18245:The Guardian
18243:
18233:
18225:the original
18214:
18205:
18195:
18185:21 September
18183:. Retrieved
18179:
18166:
18157:
18148:
18139:
18130:
18119:
18110:
18099:
18090:
18081:
18072:
18060:. Retrieved
18050:
18041:The Guardian
18039:
18029:
18017:. Retrieved
18012:The Guardian
18010:
18001:
17989:. Retrieved
17977:
17967:
17955:. Retrieved
17945:
17933:. Retrieved
17922:
17910:. Retrieved
17906:The Guardian
17904:
17894:
17882:. Retrieved
17878:
17869:
17857:. Retrieved
17841:Toronto Star
17839:
17829:
17817:. Retrieved
17807:
17795:. Retrieved
17777:
17769:the original
17762:
17752:
17740:. Retrieved
17736:
17726:
17718:
17711:. Retrieved
17697:
17688:
17679:
17665:
17653:. Retrieved
17648:
17639:
17630:
17620:
17611:
17602:
17588:
17579:
17570:
17558:. Retrieved
17552:
17527:. Retrieved
17523:
17514:
17502:. Retrieved
17499:The Guardian
17498:
17488:
17476:. Retrieved
17468:Business Day
17467:
17458:
17446:. Retrieved
17440:. Primedia.
17437:
17428:
17416:. Retrieved
17407:
17398:
17386:. Retrieved
17377:
17368:
17356:. Retrieved
17347:
17337:
17325:. Retrieved
17316:
17306:
17294:. Retrieved
17279:
17267:. Retrieved
17253:
17241:. Retrieved
17223:
17211:. Retrieved
17197:
17185:. Retrieved
17171:
17159:. Retrieved
17145:
17133:. Retrieved
17122:
17112:
17100:. Retrieved
17091:
17081:
17072:
17063:
17044:
17038:
17026:. Retrieved
17015:
17003:. Retrieved
16988:
16980:the original
16970:
16958:. Retrieved
16953:
16944:
16932:. Retrieved
16923:
16913:
16901:. Retrieved
16881:
16874:
16862:. Retrieved
16857:
16848:
16836:. Retrieved
16822:
16803:
16797:
16785:. Retrieved
16781:the original
16774:
16764:
16752:. Retrieved
16743:
16733:
16721:. Retrieved
16710:
16700:
16689:, retrieved
16667:
16657:
16631:. Retrieved
16609:
16558:. Retrieved
16545:
16533:. Retrieved
16526:the original
16513:
16501:. Retrieved
16494:the original
16481:
16454:. Retrieved
16428:. Retrieved
16421:the original
16408:
16396:
16384:
16372:
16360:
16348:
16336:. Retrieved
16326:
16325:
16316:
16304:
16292:
16280:
16268:
16256:
16244:
16232:
16220:
16208:
16196:
16184:
16172:
16160:
16148:
16136:
16124:
16112:
16100:
16088:
16076:
16064:
16052:
16040:
16028:
16016:
16004:
15992:
15980:
15968:
15956:
15947:
15937:
15931:
15919:
15900:
15888:
15876:
15864:
15852:. Retrieved
15841:
15832:
15820:
15808:
15796:
15784:
15772:
15760:
15748:
15734:
15722:
15710:
15698:
15686:. Retrieved
15676:
15664:. Retrieved
15654:
15653:"ICC-01/23:
15647:
15635:. Retrieved
15622:
15610:. Retrieved
15600:
15588:. Retrieved
15578:
15566:. Retrieved
15556:
15544:. Retrieved
15519:. Retrieved
15509:
15497:. Retrieved
15487:
15475:. Retrieved
15462:
15450:. Retrieved
15440:
15428:. Retrieved
15418:
15406:. Retrieved
15396:
15384:. Retrieved
15374:
15362:. Retrieved
15352:
15340:. Retrieved
15330:
15318:. Retrieved
15308:
15296:. Retrieved
15286:
15285:"ICC-01/13:
15279:
15267:. Retrieved
15242:. Retrieved
15232:
15220:. Retrieved
15210:
15198:. Retrieved
15188:
15176:. Retrieved
15163:
15151:. Retrieved
15141:
15129:. Retrieved
15115:
15103:. Retrieved
15093:
15081:. Retrieved
15049:. Retrieved
15039:
15027:. Retrieved
15017:
15005:. Retrieved
14995:
14976:
14970:
14958:. Retrieved
14945:
14933:. Retrieved
14923:
14911:. Retrieved
14901:
14889:. Retrieved
14879:
14867:. Retrieved
14857:
14845:. Retrieved
14832:
14820:. Retrieved
14810:
14798:. Retrieved
14788:
14776:. Retrieved
14763:
14751:. Retrieved
14738:
14726:. Retrieved
14716:
14704:. Retrieved
14694:
14682:. Retrieved
14672:
14660:. Retrieved
14635:. Retrieved
14625:
14613:. Retrieved
14603:
14591:. Retrieved
14581:
14569:. Retrieved
14556:
14544:. Retrieved
14534:
14522:. Retrieved
14512:
14500:. Retrieved
14490:
14478:. Retrieved
14468:
14467:"ICC-02/11:
14461:
14449:. Retrieved
14439:
14427:. Retrieved
14417:
14405:. Retrieved
14395:
14383:. Retrieved
14370:
14358:. Retrieved
14345:
14333:. Retrieved
14320:
14310:30 September
14308:. Retrieved
14298:
14286:. Retrieved
14257:. Retrieved
14243:
14231:. Retrieved
14226:
14217:
14205:. Retrieved
14201:
14191:
14179:. Retrieved
14175:
14166:
14154:. Retrieved
14138:The Guardian
14137:
14127:
14115:. Retrieved
14098:
14088:
14076:. Retrieved
14072:
14063:
14054:
14045:
14033:. Retrieved
14029:
14020:
14011:
14001:
13992:The Guardian
13990:
13981:
13962:
13956:
13945:
13935:
13923:. Retrieved
13909:
13900:
13891:
13877:
13863:
13851:. Retrieved
13841:
13819:
13807:. Retrieved
13795:
13768:. Retrieved
13761:the original
13756:
13742:
13738:
13726:. Retrieved
13719:the original
13714:
13702:
13694:
13687:. Retrieved
13680:the original
13675:
13643:
13617:. Retrieved
13577:. Retrieved
13566:
13554:. Retrieved
13547:the original
13534:
13522:. Retrieved
13518:the original
13492:. Retrieved
13488:
13478:
13466:. Retrieved
13446:
13434:. Retrieved
13420:
13408:. Retrieved
13394:
13382:. Retrieved
13378:
13369:
13357:. Retrieved
13353:the original
13343:
13331:. Retrieved
13327:the original
13317:
13305:. Retrieved
13301:the original
13291:
13271:
13248:
13242:
13229:. Retrieved
13225:the original
13210:
13198:. Retrieved
13194:the original
13190:Radio Prague
13179:
13171:the original
13164:
13154:
13146:the original
13139:
13129:
13121:
13090:
13086:
13077:the original
13067:
13058:"UN Charter"
13052:
13040:. Retrieved
13022:
12992:. Retrieved
12985:the original
12978:
12972:"Article 34"
12966:
12940:. Retrieved
12929:
12905:
12895:26 September
12893:. Retrieved
12873:
12866:
12846:
12821:
12813:the original
12806:
12796:
12770:. Retrieved
12759:
12747:. Retrieved
12743:the original
12717:the original
12706:
12694:. Retrieved
12690:the original
12680:
12668:. Retrieved
12649:
12637:. Retrieved
12633:the original
12622:
12613:
12606:Schabas 2011
12601:
12594:Schabas 2011
12589:
12582:Schabas 2011
12577:
12570:Schabas 2011
12565:
12558:Schabas 2011
12553:
12534:
12528:
12521:Schabas 2011
12516:
12504:. Retrieved
12483:
12465:Organization
12463:
12457:
12438:
12432:
12420:. Retrieved
12416:
12392:. Retrieved
12382:
12365:
12355:28 September
12353:. Retrieved
12303:
12297:
12285:. Retrieved
12281:
12272:
12260:. Retrieved
12246:
12238:the original
12228:
12220:the original
12210:
12202:the original
12181:The Registry
12180:
12159:. Retrieved
12148:
12139:
12127:. Retrieved
12116:
12107:
12095:. Retrieved
12086:The Guardian
12084:
12074:
12062:. Retrieved
12053:
12044:
12034:20 September
12032:. Retrieved
12020:
12008:
11998:20 September
11996:. Retrieved
11987:The Guardian
11985:
11975:
11963:. Retrieved
11959:
11950:
11938:. Retrieved
11929:
11920:
11908:. Retrieved
11899:
11890:
11878:. Retrieved
11869:
11860:
11848:. Retrieved
11839:
11830:
11818:. Retrieved
11809:
11800:
11788:. Retrieved
11779:
11769:
11757:. Retrieved
11748:
11739:
11727:. Retrieved
11723:
11713:
11705:the original
11694:
11667:
11661:
11652:
11640:
11636:
11630:
11618:. Retrieved
11593:. Retrieved
11589:the original
11559:. Retrieved
11555:the original
11525:
11516:the original
11506:
11494:. Retrieved
11480:
11468:. Retrieved
11438:. Retrieved
11434:the original
11423:
11415:legal.un.org
11414:
11274:. Retrieved
11264:
11263:
11254:
11243:the original
11214:
11210:
11197:
11189:the original
11160:
11156:
11146:
11134:. Retrieved
11120:
11108:
11096:. Retrieved
11089:
11077:
11065:. Retrieved
11054:
11045:
11033:. Retrieved
11022:
11009:
10986:
10976:
10964:
10952:. Retrieved
10938:
10926:
10914:. Retrieved
10900:
10888:
10876:. Retrieved
10867:
10839:. Retrieved
10835:the original
10830:
10807:Cook Islands
10776:. Retrieved
10772:the original
10744:. Retrieved
10740:the original
10707:
10701:
10694:Schabas 2011
10689:
10681:The Guardian
10680:
10670:
10661:
10652:
10638:
10629:
10619:
10607:. Retrieved
10597:
10587:25 September
10585:. Retrieved
10580:
10571:
10561:25 September
10559:. Retrieved
10554:
10545:
10535:25 September
10533:. Retrieved
10528:
10519:
10507:. Retrieved
10503:
10476:. Retrieved
10455:the original
10441:
10431:
10419:. Retrieved
10415:
10390:. Retrieved
10386:
10376:
10354:(4): 61β83.
10351:
10347:
10337:
10317:
10310:
10283:
10279:
10269:
10257:. Retrieved
10253:
10244:
10232:. Retrieved
10228:
10219:
10207:. Retrieved
10203:the original
10198:
10189:
10170:
10164:
10145:
10139:
10127:. Retrieved
10123:the original
10118:
10109:
10097:. Retrieved
10087:
10073:
10063:29 September
10061:. Retrieved
10052:
10043:
10031:. Retrieved
10027:the original
10017:
10007:30 September
10005:. Retrieved
10001:the original
9991:
9983:the original
9972:
9953:
9947:
9935:. Retrieved
9931:the original
9921:
9909:. Retrieved
9902:the original
9889:
9877:. Retrieved
9870:the original
9857:
9848:
9835:
9823:. Retrieved
9819:the original
9804:
9795:
9791:
9781:
9769:. Retrieved
9765:
9741:. Retrieved
9738:legal.un.org
9737:
9713:. Retrieved
9706:the original
9693:
9674:
9668:
9640:
9633:
9621:. Retrieved
9592:. Retrieved
9588:the original
9583:
9574:
9541:
9537:
9527:
9515:. Retrieved
9511:the original
9501:
9489:. Retrieved
9485:the original
9455:. Retrieved
9451:the original
9426:. Retrieved
9414:
9410:
9400:
9375:
9371:
9361:
9342:
9336:
9316:
9309:
9268:
9264:
9255:
9243:. Retrieved
9241:. Al Jazeera
9237:Allo, Awol.
9194:
9190:
9180:
9168:. Retrieved
9164:
9155:
9146:
9138:
9131:. Retrieved
9127:the original
9117:
9039:
9026:corporations
9023:
9014:
9006:
8993:
8984:
8975:
8966:
8962:
8959:Impartiality
8953:
8936:human rights
8909:
8902:
8895:
8850:
8843:
8831:
8815:Andrea Gacki
8807:William Barr
8793:
8788:William Barr
8784:
8780:Rome Statute
8740:
8732:Barack Obama
8727:
8715:
8688:
8677:
8657:
8643:
8623:
8573:
8554:of the ICC,
8546:The Guardian
8544:
8543:
8525:Yahya Jammeh
8519:. Following
8509:
8492:
8440:Saudi Arabia
8428:South Africa
8416:
8404:William Ruto
8401:
8397:Eurocentrism
8389:
8382:
8377:William Ruto
8355:
8346:
8336:
8329:
8322:
8315:
8303:
8291:Please help
8286:verification
8283:
8254:Yahya Jammeh
8242:South Africa
8235:
8221:
8217:
8213:
8205:
8201:
8187:
8135:
8131:
8125:shared with
8123:
8114:
8103:
8069:Rome Statute
8048:
8043:
8034:
8025:
8016:
8007:
8006:
7945:24 June 2024
7878:5 March 2024
7592:24 June 2022
7522:
7509:
7499:
7466:
7458:
7447:
7425:Maxime Mokom
7410:
7371:
7359:
7353:
7342:
7282:18 July 2017
7261:26 June 2024
7252:
7240:
7235:4 April 2018
7229:
7196:
7192:
7176:
7165:1 March 2016
7164:
7153:
7109:
7060:
7049:
7018:
7001:
6995:
6989:
6985:12 June 2014
6976:
6965:
6928:
6890:
6858:
6796:
6778:27 June 2011
6721:
6714:27 June 2022
6708:
6704:15 July 2021
6691:
6670:Paul Gicheru
6626:
6616:
6608:21 September
6606:
6558:
6542:21 September
6540:
6536:8 April 2011
6517:8 March 2011
6503:
6493:
6487:
6471:Henry Kosgey
6439:
6431:
6426:5 April 2016
6420:
6408:
6404:7 April 2011
6385:8 March 2011
6380:William Ruto
6337:1 March 2012
6323:
6282:7 March 2011
6274:
6270:17 June 2010
6229:
6218:
6212:
6152:12 July 2010
6148:4 March 2009
6128:
6115:
6111:15 June 2020
6104:
6032:
6028:
6016:
5994:
5990:
5978:
5956:
5952:
5929:
5917:
5893:
5889:
5878:8 March 2018
5846:
5835:
5824:
5798:
5788:
5782:
5778:21 June 2016
5759:
5755:15 June 2009
5747:
5736:
5720:10 June 2008
5695:
5681:
5662:
5656:
5643:
5632:
5607:
5580:
5553:
5455:13 July 2012
5439:
5429:
5423:
5412:
5381:
5368:
5360:
5350:
5339:
5303:
5299:
5286:7 March 2014
5274:
5262:
5251:
5219:
5194:
5188:
5175:
5168:
5152:13 July 2012
5132:
5128:
5114:
5110:10 July 2012
5098:
5092:
5079:
5068:
5003:
4998:
4990:
4989:
4981:
4980:
4972:
4971:
4962:
4961:
4956:
4946:
4941:
4848:
4839:
4829:
4820:
4811:
4802:
4793:
4784:
4775:
4766:
4757:
4756:
4603:Philippines
4161:Barasa, Bett
3828:
3818:
3808:
3799:
3790:
3781:
3771:
3763:
3749:15 June 2023
3625:
3593:Philippines
3527:3 March 2021
3497:2 March 2022
3487:2 March 2022
3481:
3402:18 July 2012
3397:18 July 2012
3377:3 March 2011
3350:23 June 2014
3243:3 April 2012
3157:5 March 2020
3068:1 April 2005
3009:30 June 2004
2988:29 July 2004
2930:23 June 2004
2925:16 July 2003
2888:Referred on
2885:Referred by
2873:
2863:
2853:
2843:
2834:
2791:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2769:
2736:
2725:
2708:
2701:
2691:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2666:
2652:
2644:
2640:
2615:
2611:
2603:148,725,784
2380:
2368:
2360:Scheveningen
2356:
2338:
2301:
2298:Architecture
2292:
2285:
2281:
2271:
2248:Peace Palace
2245:
2238:
2220:Architect(s)
2090:Headquarters
2066:
2054:
2044:
2025:
2003:Rome Statute
1996:
1979:
1970:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1936:
1932:speedy trial
1921:
1901:
1883:
1869:
1860:
1852:
1843:
1836:of justice.
1834:
1825:
1816:
1807:
1799:
1790:
1786:
1777:
1734:of territory
1728:of territory
1708:
1699:
1697:
1688:
1662:
1624:
1616:
1531:
1519:
1495:
1485:
1481:
1462:
1450:2023βpresent
1371:
1363:
1359:
1331:
1327:
1324:Policy Paper
1310:
1295:
1283:
1265:
1257:
1218:
1214:
1191:Tomoko Akane
1188:
1180:
1155:
1147:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1118:
1102:
1073:
1058:
1044:proprio motu
1043:
1039:
1018:Yahya Sinwar
1014:Yoav Gallant
1007:
956:
938:, President
926:, President
910:
899:
871:
855:Rome Statute
852:
844:
827:
824:Organization
803:
792:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
742:
723:
719:
715:
694:
688:
673:
663:
655:
634:
595:
585:
557:
531:Eurocentrism
523:human rights
515:Rome Statute
512:
476:jurisdiction
455:
451:
447:
445:
433:
413:17 July 1998
406:Rome Statute
323:Tomoko Akane
55:
40:
20634:Geopolitics
20513:Sovereignty
20493:Imperialism
20406:Colonialism
20391:Appeasement
20306:Warsaw Pact
19312:Individuals
19270:Philippines
19230:Afghanistan
18898:Legal texts
17991:7 September
17296:23 November
17005:16 December
16560:23 November
16535:23 November
16456:10 February
15637:17 December
15612:17 December
15590:17 December
15568:17 December
15546:17 December
15521:17 December
15499:17 December
15477:17 December
15452:17 December
15430:17 December
15408:17 December
15386:17 November
15364:17 December
15342:17 December
15320:17 December
15298:17 December
15269:17 December
15244:17 December
15222:17 December
15200:17 December
15178:17 December
15153:17 December
15131:17 December
15105:17 December
15083:17 December
15051:17 December
15029:17 December
15007:17 December
14960:17 December
14935:17 December
14913:17 December
14891:17 December
14869:28 November
14847:17 December
14822:17 December
14800:17 December
14778:17 December
14753:17 December
14728:17 December
14706:17 December
14684:17 December
14662:17 December
14637:17 December
14615:17 December
14593:17 December
14571:17 December
14524:17 December
14502:17 December
14480:17 December
14451:17 December
14429:17 December
14407:17 December
14385:17 December
14360:17 December
14335:17 December
14181:27 February
14030:icc-cpi.int
13556:30 December
13379:Icc-cpi.int
13359:19 February
13307:22 February
13231:31 December
13095:of America)
13081:Article 89.
13062:Article 25.
12749:23 November
12287:20 February
12282:icc-cpi.int
12054:Reuters.com
12021:Icc-cpi.int
11965:19 February
11960:icc-cpi.int
11930:Icc-cpi.int
11900:Icc-cpi.int
11870:Icc-cpi.int
11840:Icc-cpi.int
11810:Icc-cpi.int
11749:Icc-cpi.int
11729:14 February
10555:news.ORF.at
10199:icc-cpi.int
9491:31 December
9133:25 November
9098:Rule of law
9082:Legal Tools
9031:John Ruggie
8928:Palestinian
8823:gagged them
8799:Mike Pompeo
8772:John Bolton
8722:signed the
8576:Philippines
8570:Philippines
8564:Yossi Cohen
8385:imperialism
8104:Unlike the
7754:Philippines
7714:Afghanistan
7017:Acquitted;
6939:Ivory Coast
6910:4 July 2018
6450:Joshua Sang
6298:Saleh Jerbo
6208:18 May 2009
6123:9 July 2021
6106:9 June 2020
5852:2 June 2016
5797:Acquitted;
5793:8 June 2018
5743:4 July 2008
5738:3 July 2008
5716:23 May 2008
5503:8 July 2005
5380:Acquitted;
5356:23 May 2012
5323:6 July 2007
5291:23 May 2014
5280:23 May 2012
5235:2 July 2007
5202:8 July 2019
5184:9 June 2014
4948:Individuals
4641:Venezuela I
4526:Afghanistan
3906:Conviction
3744:23 May 2023
3620:Venezuela I
3517:22 May 2018
3454:30 May 2014
3430:14 May 2013
3425:14 May 2013
3330:South Korea
3141:Afghanistan
3073:6 June 2005
3043:22 May 2007
2822:Philippines
2794:Afghanistan
2592:41,350,083
2485:12,143,931
2469:12,566,339
2453:16,193,649
2437:24,311,100
2278:Development
2189:Autumn 2012
2173: /
2148:Coordinates
1987:reparations
1976:Reparations
1961:retributive
1898:bench trial
1767:mercenaries
1738:Bombardment
1594:Persecution
1546:Enslavement
1434:Peter Lewis
1140:prosecutors
1084:Philippines
944:Ivory Coast
916:Joseph Kony
652:rule of law
480:individuals
472:Netherlands
423:1 July 2002
255:6 languages
20674:Categories
20588:Liberalism
20533:Friendship
20518:Suzerainty
19536:Starvation
19295:Complaints
19201:Prosecutor
19131:Presidency
19077:War crimes
18916:amendments
18707:(2): 23β26
17884:2 December
17797:2 December
17378:Dispatches
17358:26 October
17327:26 October
17243:25 January
17233:Al Jazeera
17135:12 October
16787:27 October
16723:26 October
16691:2 December
16430:4 November
16338:5 February
15854:3 November
14546:2 December
14233:8 November
14207:8 November
14176:Al Jazeera
13925:4 November
13853:4 November
13770:30 October
13728:30 October
13689:30 October
13217:Kofi Annan
13200:11 January
13042:30 October
13031:: 87β110.
12994:30 October
12161:12 October
12129:12 October
12097:12 October
12064:12 October
11940:11 October
11910:11 October
11880:11 October
11850:11 October
11820:11 October
11790:11 October
11759:11 October
11551:"Chambers"
11276:7 December
11136:7 December
11098:7 December
11067:7 December
11035:7 December
10954:7 December
10916:28 October
10878:7 December
10451:Q117194521
10033:5 December
9911:2 February
9879:2 February
9825:4 December
9457:5 December
9428:2 December
9109:References
9103:War crimes
8924:sanctioned
8869:Gaza Strip
8821:order had
8710:See also:
8645:State Duma
8598:See also:
8552:Prosecutor
8495:Jacob Zuma
8319:newspapers
8129:activism.
8049:in italics
7696:Bangladesh
6702:confirmed
6550:confirmed
6520:(summons)
6432:terminated
6414:confirmed
6388:(summons)
6306:(summons)
6280:confirmed
6192:(summons)
6189:7 May 2009
6121:confirmed
5836:in writing
5753:confirmed
5677:6 May 2021
5289:sentenced
5284:convicted
5268:confirmed
5205:sentenced
5200:convicted
5108:sentenced
5103:convicted
5085:confirmed
4883:al-Hassan
4212:S. Gaddafi
3944:Mudacumura
3888:Pre-Trial
3861:Situation
3681:Venezuela
3624:Argentina
3513:Palestine
3224:Palestine
3113:Venezuela
2882:Situation
2781:Light red:
2747:Gaza Strip
2581:5,706,356
2565:5,876,461
2549:6,258,761
2533:7,269,812
2517:8,255,791
2501:8,793,501
2207:Floor area
2085:Facilities
1886:common law
1763:irregulars
1732:Annexation
1698:Article 8
1670:Mutilation
1613:War crimes
1474:war crimes
1392:Reference
1313:Karim Khan
1252:Urmas Paet
1183:Presidency
1160:Presidency
705:, and the
554:Background
496:war crimes
466:seated in
362:Prosecutor
34:(ICJ) and
20624:Diplomacy
20528:Bilateral
20426:Grey-zone
20379:Coalition
20338:1919β1939
20333:1814β1919
20328:1648β1814
19541:War crime
19324:Indictees
19319:Detainees
19285:Venezuela
19265:Palestine
19160:Nov. 2009
19155:Jan. 2009
19039:(Germany)
19031:(Ireland)
18653:152031365
18645:0922-1565
18504:144796686
18457:0190-8286
18412:147312685
18404:0022-0027
18251:8 January
18062:6 January
17986:0971-751X
17978:The Hindu
17854:0319-0781
17792:0028-7504
17735:. World.
17655:30 August
17317:USA Today
16960:12 August
16864:12 August
14146:0261-3077
14107:0362-4331
13809:11 August
12506:11 August
12262:17 August
11649:1753-2434
11620:1 January
11470:2 January
11440:2 January
11231:1478-1387
11177:1478-1387
10746:3 January
10368:0928-9569
10302:1572-9869
9558:0002-9300
9392:144313162
9301:246013323
9285:0002-9300
9221:236571212
9213:0922-1565
8940:West Bank
8886:The House
8877:sanctions
8846:Joe Biden
8813:director
8717:President
8651:wrote on
8584:President
8562:director
8349:June 2022
8179:the Hague
7768:Venezuela
7734:Palestine
7515:confirmed
7364:confirmed
7258:convicted
7245:confirmed
7169:confirmed
7070:confirmed
7002:acquitted
6982:confirmed
6617:dismissed
6494:dismissed
6248:(summons)
6219:dismissed
5862:sentenced
5856:convicted
5839:confirmed
5789:acquitted
5775:sentenced
5769:convicted
5674:sentenced
5668:convicted
5649:confirmed
5430:dismissed
5361:acquitted
5181:confirmed
4942:Situation
4834:evidence.
4565:Palestine
4342:al-Hassan
4313:al-Hassan
4125:Abu Garda
3509:Palestine
3278:Honduras
2999:Colombia
2826:Venezuela
2818:Palestine
2786:Dark red:
2697:BlΓ© GoudΓ©
2561:Australia
2241:The Hague
2230:Developer
2158:52Β°6β²20β³N
2140:The Hague
2123:Completed
1903:In camera
1890:civil law
1875:Procedure
1604:Apartheid
1524:of 1948.
1438:2018β2023
1426:2013β2018
1414:2008β2013
1402:2003β2008
1386:Registrar
1298:Argentina
1254:, in 2012
1133:The Hague
1055:Structure
849:Operation
610:Nuremberg
468:The Hague
377:Registrar
317:President
217:The Hague
20583:Feminism
20436:Idealism
20431:Hegemony
20384:Military
20369:Alliance
20362:Concepts
20348:Cold War
20230:Glossary
20115:Interpol
19509:Genocide
19222:Official
19019:(Canada)
19004:National
18591:ssrn.com
18522:Archived
18490:: 5β33.
18467:28 March
18461:Archived
18276:Archived
18140:NBC News
18082:BBC News
17859:26 April
17742:14 April
17713:14 April
17631:Politico
17580:VOA News
17560:18 March
17472:Archived
17442:Archived
17412:Archived
17382:Archived
17352:Archived
17321:Archived
17290:Archived
17263:Archived
17237:Archived
17213:28 April
17207:Archived
17187:28 April
17181:Archived
17161:28 April
17155:Archived
17129:Archived
17102:12 April
17096:Archived
17028:18 March
16999:Archived
16928:Archived
16924:BBC News
16897:Archived
16832:Archived
16754:20 March
16748:Archived
16717:Archived
16643:cite web
16633:28 April
16570:cite web
16466:cite web
16332:Archived
15848:Archived
14282:Archived
14253:Archived
14150:Archived
14111:Archived
14078:24 March
13919:Archived
13833:Archived
13829:CBS News
13800:Archived
13629:cite web
13589:cite web
13494:16 March
13468:22 March
13459:Archived
13430:Archived
13404:Archived
13384:16 March
13114:Archived
13033:Archived
12952:cite web
12918:Archived
12889:Archived
12835:Archived
12782:cite web
12664:Archived
12639:20 March
12497:Archived
12422:20 March
12394:20 March
12346:Archived
12256:Archived
12155:Archived
12123:Archived
12091:Archived
12058:Archived
12025:Archived
11992:Archived
11934:Archived
11904:Archived
11874:Archived
11844:Archived
11814:Archived
11784:Archived
11753:Archived
11686:20050228
11654:actors."
11490:Archived
11464:Archived
11270:Archived
11127:Archived
11061:Archived
11029:Archived
10945:Archived
10907:Archived
10872:Archived
10841:10 March
10662:BBC News
10529:Politico
10509:18 March
10504:BBC News
10478:18 March
10447:Wikidata
10421:18 March
10392:17 March
10259:16 March
10234:13 March
10209:13 March
10057:Archived
10053:BBC News
9937:20 March
9845:Archived
9617:Archived
9417:: 5β24.
9245:23 March
9170:16 March
9056:See also
8758:and the
8653:Telegram
8647:speaker
8620:(right).
8452:Ethiopia
8422:visited
8244:and the
8185:(FIDH).
4957:Indicted
4950:indicted
4905:Kushayb
4451:Burundi
4332:al-Mahdi
3707:Bolivia
3704:Bolivia
3538:Burundi
3480:Albania
3421:Comoros
3305:Nigeria
2773:Ukraine)
2677:Ntaganda
2418:Country
2387:Kinshasa
2314:Exterior
2256:Eurojust
2161:4Β°19β²4β³E
2136:Location
1912:subpoena
1747:Blockade
1702:defines
1492:Genocide
1466:genocide
1368:Registry
1115:Assembly
1088:ratified
1082:and the
965:and the
630:Cold War
498:and the
488:genocide
482:for the
458:) is an
20603:Realism
20593:Marxism
20456:Liberal
20374:Entente
20320:History
20248:Present
19419:Sources
19280:Ukraine
19245:Georgia
18914: (
18855:Twitter
18813:18 June
18784:18 June
18756:18 June
18732:2309162
18711:18 June
18680:18 June
18599:2719650
18528:25 July
18158:Reuters
18101:i24NEWS
18019:11 June
17957:21 June
17935:21 June
17912:5 March
17612:Reuters
17388:14 July
17348:npr.org
16934:21 June
16858:Reuters
15688:15 June
15666:15 June
14288:1 March
14280:. ICC.
14259:1 March
14251:. ICC.
14227:AP News
14202:Reuters
14035:4 March
13619:11 June
13579:11 June
13524:18 June
13279:at the
13141:Reuters
13027:(861).
12942:22 June
12854:at the
12772:22 June
11724:Reuters
11637:Monocle
11595:21 July
11561:21 June
10778:16 June
10609:5 March
10416:Reuters
10387:Reuters
9771:20 June
9743:20 June
9566:2198479
9517:1 March
9293:2187841
9046:ecocide
9009:Ossetia
8867:in the
8764:Taliban
8512:Burundi
8460:Western
8436:Nigeria
8333:scholar
8238:Burundi
7789:Ukraine
7700:Myanmar
7682:Burundi
7576:Georgia
6799:due to
4680:Ukraine
4409:Georgia
4235:Senussi
4177:Gicheru
4138:Kushayb
4105:Kushayb
3894:Appeal
3476:Ukraine
3251:Guinea
3197:Georgia
2974:Uganda
2901:Ref(s).
2776:Orange:
2718:Ugandan
2589:Others
2449:Germany
2405:Finance
2383:Kampala
2252:Europol
2057:amnesty
1926:beyond
1908:Hearsay
1849:Gravity
1676:Torture
1632:Torture
1559:Torture
1246:, with
1080:Burundi
993:of the
950:of the
863:charter
810:Kampala
738:Zutphen
646:at the
570:by the
541:History
434:Website
408:adopted
403:β’
375:β’
360:β’
345:β’
330:β’
315:β’
305:Leaders
286:Spanish
281:Russian
271:English
266:Chinese
233:English
128:Spanish
113:Russian
98:Chinese
20565:Theory
20523:Treaty
20411:Crisis
20061:
20043:
19941:Major
19835:bodies
19526:Piracy
19275:Uganda
19136:Judges
19060:Crimes
18730:
18651:
18643:
18597:
18502:
18455:
18410:
18402:
18363:
18353:
17984:
17852:
17790:
17529:8 July
17504:30 May
17478:6 July
17448:6 July
17418:6 July
17408:News24
17051:
16889:
16810:
16682:
16503:14 May
15938:et al.
14983:
14156:8 July
14144:
14117:8 July
14105:
13969:
13883:"Home"
13869:"Home"
13259:
12881:
12541:
12471:
12445:
12310:
11684:
11647:
11239:915739
11237:
11229:
11185:915740
11183:
11175:
10997:
10714:
10449:
10366:
10325:
10300:
10177:
10152:
9960:
9715:4 June
9681:
9656:
9623:4 June
9564:
9556:
9390:
9349:
9324:
9299:
9291:
9283:
9219:
9211:
8932:Israel
8809:, and
8736:ratify
8706:(left)
8630:Russia
8594:Russia
8560:Mossad
8540:Israel
8395:, but
8393:racism
8335:
8328:
8321:
8314:
8306:
8246:Gambia
8165:, and
8153:, the
8145:, the
5487:Uganda
4994:Result
4985:Result
4976:Result
4925:Banda
4722:Total
4024:Ongwen
3985:Uganda
3897:Death
3891:Trial
3626:et al.
3567:Gabon
3564:Gabon
3482:et al.
2970:Uganda
2872:
2870:
2862:
2860:
2852:
2850:
2842:
2840:
2824:, and
2820:, the
2814:Uganda
2800:, the
2770:Green:
2728:Uyghur
2711:Malian
2685:et al.
2635:Darfur
2606:100.0
2600:Total
2529:Canada
2513:Brazil
2465:France
2399:Bangui
2395:AbΓ©chΓ©
2194:Opened
2131:Office
2120:Status
2045:ad hoc
1667:Murder
1538:Murder
1306:Gambia
1152:Organs
997:, and
814:Uganda
757:Israel
695:ad hoc
597:ad hoc
590:, the
576:Geneva
535:racism
276:French
261:Arabic
238:French
203:
197:
191:
185:
179:
105:ε½ι
εδΊζ³ι’
83:Arabic
68:French
20548:Peace
20503:Power
20498:Peace
20255:BRICS
19708:Types
19337:Other
19255:Libya
19250:Kenya
19124:Court
18649:S2CID
18547:(PDF)
18500:S2CID
18408:S2CID
18361:JSTOR
17931:. CNN
17819:7 May
17269:5 May
16903:5 May
16838:5 May
16554:(PDF)
16529:(PDF)
16522:(PDF)
16497:(PDF)
16490:(PDF)
16424:(PDF)
16417:(PDF)
15914:2031.
15660:(PDF)
15631:(PDF)
15608:. ICC
15471:(PDF)
15448:. ICC
15292:(PDF)
15265:. ICC
15172:(PDF)
15077:(PDF)
15003:. ICC
14954:(PDF)
14841:(PDF)
14796:. ICC
14772:(PDF)
14747:(PDF)
14724:. ICC
14565:(PDF)
14474:(PDF)
14379:(PDF)
14354:(PDF)
14329:(PDF)
13803:(PDF)
13792:(PDF)
13764:(PDF)
13753:(PDF)
13744:2009:
13711:(PDF)
13672:(PDF)
13652:(PDF)
13550:(PDF)
13543:(PDF)
13462:(PDF)
13455:(PDF)
13436:5 May
13410:5 May
13333:5 May
13036:(PDF)
13019:(PDF)
12988:(PDF)
12975:(PDF)
12921:(PDF)
12914:(PDF)
12838:(PDF)
12831:(PDF)
12696:3 May
12670:3 May
12500:(PDF)
12493:(PDF)
12374:(PDF)
12349:(PDF)
12342:(PDF)
12028:(PDF)
12017:(PDF)
11682:JSTOR
11496:5 May
11246:(PDF)
11207:(PDF)
11130:(PDF)
11117:(PDF)
11086:(PDF)
10991:Brill
10948:(PDF)
10935:(PDF)
10910:(PDF)
10897:(PDF)
10129:7 May
10099:7 May
9905:(PDF)
9898:(PDF)
9873:(PDF)
9866:(PDF)
9709:(PDF)
9702:(PDF)
9594:3 May
9562:JSTOR
9388:S2CID
9297:S2CID
9289:JSTOR
9217:S2CID
8456:Qatar
8448:Egypt
8432:China
8424:Kenya
8340:JSTOR
8326:books
8008:Notes
6801:death
6762:Libya
6369:Kenya
5010:Date
4982:Trial
4916:Said
4758:Notes
4383:Mokom
4303:Ghaly
4202:Libya
4151:Kenya
4144:Banda
4115:Jerbo
4098:Banda
3813:2019.
3764:Notes
3393:Mali
3359:Libya
3169:Kenya
2810:Libya
2806:Kenya
2703:Banda
2683:Bemba
2595:27.8
2577:Spain
2497:Italy
2456:10.9
2440:16.3
2433:Japan
2391:Bunia
1896:in a
1880:Trial
1765:, or
1195:Japan
1193:from
1109:India
1105:China
932:Kenya
924:Sudan
769:Yemen
765:Qatar
761:Libya
749:China
618:Tokyo
506:, an
20294:Past
20153:list
20077:IGOs
20065:list
20047:list
19956:FIDH
19943:NGOs
19699:and
19303:Iraq
19260:Mali
19195:2023
19190:2020
19185:2017
19180:2015
19175:2014
19170:2013
19165:2011
19150:2007
19145:2006
19140:2003
18991:1970
18986:1593
18981:1487
18976:1422
18960:3314
18815:2021
18807:Time
18786:2021
18758:2021
18728:SSRN
18713:2021
18682:2021
18641:ISSN
18606:2023
18595:SSRN
18572:2023
18530:2017
18469:2016
18453:ISSN
18400:ISSN
18351:ISBN
18330:2016
18284:2018
18253:2007
18187:2024
18064:2021
18021:2020
17993:2020
17982:ISSN
17959:2020
17937:2020
17914:2020
17886:2023
17861:2018
17850:ISSN
17821:2019
17799:2023
17788:ISSN
17744:2022
17715:2022
17657:2024
17562:2023
17531:2019
17506:2024
17480:2017
17450:2017
17420:2017
17390:2017
17360:2016
17329:2016
17298:2013
17271:2016
17245:2014
17215:2014
17189:2014
17163:2014
17137:2013
17104:2015
17049:ISBN
17030:2023
17007:2016
16962:2019
16936:2018
16905:2016
16887:ISBN
16866:2019
16840:2016
16808:ISBN
16789:2017
16756:2018
16725:2016
16693:2023
16680:ISBN
16649:link
16635:2011
16576:link
16562:2006
16537:2006
16505:2007
16472:link
16458:2007
16432:2011
16340:2021
15940:case
15856:2019
15690:2023
15668:2023
15639:2022
15614:2022
15592:2022
15570:2022
15548:2022
15523:2022
15501:2022
15479:2022
15454:2022
15432:2022
15410:2022
15388:2023
15366:2022
15344:2022
15322:2022
15300:2022
15271:2022
15246:2022
15224:2022
15202:2022
15180:2022
15155:2022
15133:2022
15107:2022
15085:2022
15053:2022
15031:2022
15009:2022
14981:ISBN
14962:2022
14937:2022
14915:2022
14893:2022
14871:2023
14849:2022
14824:2022
14802:2022
14780:2022
14755:2022
14730:2022
14708:2022
14686:2022
14664:2022
14639:2022
14617:2022
14595:2022
14573:2022
14548:2023
14526:2022
14504:2022
14482:2022
14453:2022
14431:2022
14409:2022
14387:2022
14362:2022
14337:2022
14312:2016
14290:2022
14261:2022
14235:2023
14209:2023
14183:2024
14158:2020
14142:ISSN
14119:2020
14103:ISSN
14080:2024
14037:2020
13967:ISBN
13927:2021
13855:2021
13811:2017
13772:2011
13730:2011
13691:2011
13635:link
13621:2008
13595:link
13581:2008
13558:2009
13526:2007
13496:2019
13470:2016
13438:2016
13412:2016
13386:2019
13361:2012
13335:2016
13309:2016
13257:ISBN
13233:2006
13202:2007
13044:2008
12996:2011
12958:link
12944:2007
12897:2015
12879:ISBN
12788:link
12774:2007
12751:2006
12698:2007
12672:2007
12641:2008
12539:ISBN
12508:2017
12469:ISBN
12443:ISBN
12424:2020
12396:2020
12357:2014
12308:ISBN
12289:2020
12264:2013
12163:2016
12131:2016
12099:2016
12066:2016
12036:2016
12000:2016
11967:2020
11942:2016
11912:2016
11882:2016
11852:2016
11822:2016
11792:2016
11761:2016
11731:2021
11645:ISSN
11622:2007
11597:2007
11563:2007
11498:2016
11472:2008
11442:2008
11278:2021
11235:SSRN
11227:ISSN
11181:SSRN
11173:ISSN
11138:2021
11100:2021
11069:2021
11037:2021
10995:ISBN
10956:2021
10918:2016
10880:2021
10843:2010
10805:and
10780:2012
10748:2008
10712:ISBN
10611:2024
10589:2023
10563:2023
10537:2023
10511:2023
10480:2023
10423:2023
10394:2023
10364:ISSN
10323:ISBN
10298:ISSN
10261:2022
10236:2022
10211:2022
10175:ISBN
10150:ISBN
10131:2019
10101:2019
10065:2014
10035:2006
10009:2014
9958:ISBN
9939:2008
9913:2023
9881:2023
9827:2006
9773:2024
9745:2024
9717:2012
9679:ISBN
9654:ISBN
9625:2012
9596:2007
9554:ISSN
9519:2011
9493:2006
9459:2006
9430:2023
9347:ISBN
9322:ISBN
9281:ISSN
9247:2022
9209:ISSN
9172:2022
9135:2012
8950:OPCD
8944:Gaza
8942:and
8896:The
8811:OFAC
8312:news
8173:and
8092:The
7120:Mali
5004:Ref.
4402:Said
4357:Adam
4293:Mali
4028:III
3995:Kony
3389:Mali
3152:2007
2835:Key:
2660:and
2584:3.8
2568:4.0
2552:4.2
2536:4.9
2520:5.6
2504:5.9
2488:8.2
2472:8.4
2415:No.
2397:and
2266:and
2264:OPCW
2260:ICTY
2128:Type
2015:and
1963:and
1888:and
1800:The
1564:Rape
1389:Term
1242:and
1181:The
1107:and
972:for
857:, a
753:Iraq
602:Axis
533:and
521:and
462:and
456:ICCt
446:The
213:Seat
20555:War
19984:on
18853:on
18633:doi
18492:doi
18392:doi
18272:BBC
18206:CNN
17649:BBC
16672:doi
13120:in
11674:doi
11413:On
11219:doi
11165:doi
10630:CNN
10356:doi
10288:doi
9646:doi
9546:doi
9419:doi
9380:doi
9273:doi
9199:doi
8534:ANC
8295:by
7440:13
7316:II
6098:28
6095:22
6066:22
6063:20
5599:21
5596:11
5513:21
5510:12
5308:DRC
5029:OAJ
5019:CAH
4749:10
4746:14
4728:19
4725:57
4715:II
4557:II
4481:II
4390:II
4285:II
4194:II
4132:II
4073:II
3879:TCs
3874:PTC
2688:OAJ
2573:10
2341:KPN
1700:bis
1482:bis
1304:of
942:of
930:of
922:of
808:in
728:in
616:in
486:of
454:or
452:ICC
300:124
20676::
18805:.
18794:^
18774:.
18749:.
18705:11
18703:.
18699:.
18673:.
18661:^
18647:.
18639:.
18629:30
18627:.
18623:.
18593:.
18589:.
18563:.
18520:.
18498:.
18488:19
18486:.
18459:.
18451:.
18447:.
18435:^
18406:.
18398:.
18388:60
18386:.
18359:.
18316:.
18274:.
18270:.
18242:.
18204:.
18178:.
18156:.
18138:.
18118:.
18098:.
18080:.
18038:.
18009:.
17980:.
17976:.
17903:.
17877:.
17848:.
17844:.
17838:.
17786:.
17761:.
17717:.
17706:.
17687:.
17647:.
17629:.
17610:.
17578:.
17551:.
17539:^
17522:.
17497:.
17466:.
17436:.
17410:.
17406:.
17376:.
17350:.
17346:.
17319:.
17315:.
17288:.
17261:.
17231:.
17127:.
17121:.
17094:.
17090:.
17071:.
16952:.
16926:.
16922:.
16895:.
16856:.
16773:.
16746:.
16742:.
16715:.
16709:.
16678:,
16666:,
16645:}}
16641:{{
16618:^
16584:^
16572:}}
16568:{{
16468:}}
16464:{{
16440:^
16324:.
15840:.
15531:^
15254:^
15123:.
15061:^
14647:^
14269:^
14225:.
14200:.
14174:.
14148:.
14140:.
14136:.
14109:.
14101:.
14097:.
14071:.
14053:.
14028:.
14010:.
13989:.
13944:.
13899:.
13827:.
13794:.
13780:^
13755:.
13713:.
13693:.
13674:.
13660:^
13631:}}
13627:{{
13603:^
13591:}}
13587:{{
13504:^
13487:.
13428:.
13402:.
13377:.
13188:.
13163:.
13138:.
13102:^
13021:.
13004:^
12977:.
12954:}}
12950:{{
12916:.
12887:.
12833:.
12805:.
12784:}}
12780:{{
12737:.
12725:^
12662:.
12658:.
12495:.
12415:.
12404:^
12322:^
12280:.
12189:^
12171:^
12147:.
12121:.
12115:.
12089:.
12083:.
12052:.
12023:.
12019:.
11990:.
11984:.
11958:.
11932:.
11928:.
11902:.
11898:.
11872:.
11868:.
11842:.
11838:.
11812:.
11808:.
11782:.
11778:.
11751:.
11747:.
11722:.
11680:.
11651:.
11641:05
11639:.
11605:^
11571:^
11539:^
11488:.
11462:.
11450:^
11411:.
11286:^
11262:.
11233:.
11225:.
11213:.
11209:.
11179:.
11171:.
11159:.
11155:.
11119:.
11088:.
11053:.
11027:.
11021:.
10985:.
10937:.
10899:.
10870:.
10866:.
10851:^
10829:.
10814:^
10788:^
10756:^
10726:^
10679:.
10660:.
10628:.
10579:.
10553:.
10527:.
10502:.
10488:^
10463:^
10445:.
10414:.
10402:^
10385:.
10362:.
10350:.
10346:.
10296:.
10284:19
10282:.
10278:.
10252:.
10227:.
10197:.
10117:.
10051:.
9813:.
9796:32
9794:.
9790:.
9764:.
9753:^
9736:.
9725:^
9652:.
9604:^
9582:.
9560:.
9552:.
9542:66
9540:.
9536:.
9479:.
9467:^
9438:^
9415:28
9413:.
9409:.
9386:.
9376:48
9374:.
9370:.
9295:.
9287:.
9279:.
9269:14
9267:.
9263:.
9229:^
9215:.
9207:.
9195:34
9193:.
9189:.
9163:.
9137:.
8946:.
8774:,
8770:.
8686:.
8582:,
8454:,
8450:,
8446:,
8442:,
8438:,
8434:,
8430:,
8426:,
8240:,
8161:,
8157:,
8149:,
8056:^
7990:β
7987:2
7984:1
7981:β
7958:β
7955:2
7952:1
7949:β
7923:β
7920:2
7917:1
7914:β
7891:β
7888:2
7885:1
7882:β
7856:β
7853:2
7850:β
7847:β
7824:β
7821:2
7818:β
7815:β
7665:β
7662:2
7659:β
7656:β
7635:β
7632:5
7629:β
7626:β
7605:β
7602:5
7599:β
7596:β
7557:β
7554:1
7551:5
7548:β
7495:β
7492:6
7489:8
7486:β
7443:β
7437:9
7434:β
7406:β
7403:9
7400:7
7397:β
7357:β
7338:β
7335:7
7332:6
7329:β
7295:β
7292:4
7289:6
7286:β
7225:β
7222:4
7219:4
7216:β
7149:β
7146:1
7143:β
7140:β
7098:β
7095:β
7092:4
7089:β
7046:β
7043:β
7040:4
7037:β
6994:β
6962:β
6959:β
6956:4
6953:β
6923:β
6920:7
6917:β
6914:β
6885:β
6882:3
6879:4
6876:β
6853:β
6850:β
6847:2
6844:β
6823:β
6820:β
6817:2
6814:β
6791:β
6788:β
6785:2
6782:β
6743:4
6740:β
6737:β
6734:β
6712:β
6688:6
6685:β
6682:β
6679:β
6651:3
6648:β
6645:β
6642:β
6610:β
6603:β
6600:β
6597:5
6594:β
6582:β
6579:β
6576:5
6573:β
6544:β
6532:β
6529:β
6526:5
6523:β
6484:β
6481:β
6478:4
6475:β
6463:β
6460:β
6457:4
6454:β
6434:)
6400:β
6397:β
6394:4
6391:β
6350:β
6347:6
6344:7
6341:β
6318:β
6315:3
6312:β
6309:β
6266:β
6263:3
6260:β
6257:β
6204:β
6201:3
6198:β
6195:β
6165:β
6162:2
6159:5
6156:3
6101:β
6092:β
6069:β
6060:β
6031:;
6013:2
6010:β
6007:β
6004:β
5993:;
5975:2
5972:β
5969:β
5966:β
5955:;
5948:2
5945:β
5942:β
5939:β
5914:2
5911:β
5908:β
5905:β
5892:;
5850:β
5821:2
5818:β
5815:β
5812:β
5763:β
5733:β
5730:5
5727:3
5724:β
5661:β
5629:β
5626:4
5623:3
5620:β
5602:β
5593:β
5575:β
5572:3
5569:1
5566:β
5548:β
5545:7
5542:3
5539:β
5516:β
5507:β
5468:β
5465:9
5462:β
5459:β
5409:β
5406:6
5403:5
5400:β
5354:β
5336:β
5333:6
5330:3
5327:β
5278:β
5248:β
5245:6
5242:3
5239:β
5193:-
5165:β
5162:7
5159:3
5156:β
5096:β
5065:β
5062:3
5059:β
5056:β
5024:WC
4743:1
4740:8
4737:0
4734:5
4731:1
4712:0
4709:0
4706:0
4703:0
4700:0
4697:0
4694:0
4684:6
4672:I
4669:0
4666:0
4663:0
4660:0
4657:0
4654:0
4651:0
4648:0
4645:0
4633:I
4630:0
4627:0
4624:0
4621:0
4618:0
4615:0
4612:0
4609:0
4606:0
4596:I
4593:0
4590:0
4587:0
4584:0
4581:0
4578:0
4575:0
4572:0
4569:0
4554:0
4551:0
4548:0
4545:0
4542:0
4539:0
4536:0
4533:0
4530:0
4518:I
4515:0
4512:0
4509:0
4506:0
4503:0
4500:0
4497:0
4494:0
4491:0
4478:0
4475:0
4472:0
4469:0
4466:0
4463:0
4460:0
4457:0
4454:0
4444:I
4441:0
4438:0
4435:0
4432:0
4429:0
4426:0
4423:0
4413:3
4399:VI
4387:0
4377:0
4374:0
4371:0
4361:0
4351:5
4336:I
4326:0
4323:0
4320:0
4317:0
4307:0
4297:3
4282:0
4272:0
4269:0
4266:0
4261:0
4258:0
4255:3
4245:I
4242:0
4239:0
4222:0
4219:0
4216:0
4206:5
4191:0
4181:0
4171:0
4168:0
4165:0
4155:9
4141:IV
4129:0
4119:0
4109:0
4085:7
4056:0
4053:0
4050:0
4047:0
4044:0
4041:0
4038:5
4018:0
4015:0
4005:0
4002:0
3999:0
3989:5
3977:I
3960:0
3957:0
3954:0
3951:0
3948:0
3938:6
3837:^
3753:β
3720:β
3694:β
3658:β
3655:β
3599:β
3596:β
3580:β
3544:β
3541:β
3434:β
3345:β
3337:β
3334:β
3319:β
3311:β
3308:β
3292:β
3284:β
3281:β
3265:β
3257:β
3254:β
3238:β
3230:β
3227:β
3204:β
3201:β
3176:β
3173:β
3148:β
3145:β
3127:β
3119:β
3116:β
3100:β
3092:β
3089:β
3013:β
3005:β
3002:β
2949:β
2946:β
2812:,
2808:,
2804:,
2656:,
2557:9
2541:8
2525:7
2509:6
2493:5
2477:4
2461:3
2445:2
2429:1
2401:.
2393:,
2389:,
2385:,
2262:,
2258:,
2254:,
2250:,
2023:.
1377:.
1250:,
1032:.
954:.
881:.
820:.
812:,
771:.
763:,
759:,
755:,
751:,
678:,
494:,
490:,
470:,
20211:e
20204:t
20197:v
20155:)
20151:(
20067:)
20063:(
20049:)
20045:(
20033:e
20026:t
20019:v
19685:e
19678:t
19671:v
19403:e
19396:t
19389:v
19197:)
18918:)
18883:e
18876:t
18869:v
18817:.
18788:.
18760:.
18734:.
18715:.
18684:.
18655:.
18635::
18608:.
18574:.
18532:.
18506:.
18494::
18471:.
18414:.
18394::
18367:.
18332:.
18286:.
18255:.
18208:.
18189:.
18066:.
18044:.
18023:.
17995:.
17961:.
17939:.
17916:.
17888:.
17863:.
17823:.
17801:.
17746:.
17673:.
17659:.
17633:.
17564:.
17533:.
17508:.
17482:.
17452:.
17422:.
17392:.
17362:.
17331:.
17300:.
17273:.
17247:.
17217:.
17191:.
17165:.
17139:.
17106:.
17057:.
17032:.
17009:.
16964:.
16938:.
16907:.
16868:.
16842:.
16816:.
16791:.
16758:.
16727:.
16674::
16651:)
16637:.
16578:)
16564:.
16539:.
16507:.
16474:)
16460:.
16434:.
16342:.
15895:.
15858:.
15692:.
15670:.
15641:.
15616:.
15594:.
15572:.
15550:.
15525:.
15503:.
15481:.
15456:.
15434:.
15412:.
15390:.
15368:.
15346:.
15324:.
15302:.
15273:.
15248:.
15226:.
15204:.
15182:.
15157:.
15135:.
15109:.
15087:.
15055:.
15033:.
15011:.
14989:.
14964:.
14939:.
14917:.
14895:.
14873:.
14851:.
14826:.
14804:.
14782:.
14757:.
14732:.
14710:.
14688:.
14666:.
14641:.
14619:.
14597:.
14575:.
14550:.
14528:.
14506:.
14484:.
14455:.
14433:.
14411:.
14389:.
14364:.
14339:.
14314:.
14292:.
14263:.
14237:.
14211:.
14185:.
14160:.
14121:.
14082:.
14057:.
14039:.
14014:.
13975:.
13950:.
13929:.
13885:.
13871:.
13857:.
13813:.
13774:.
13732:.
13637:)
13623:.
13597:)
13583:.
13560:.
13498:.
13472:.
13440:.
13414:.
13388:.
13363:.
13337:.
13311:.
13265:.
13235:.
13204:.
13046:.
12998:.
12960:)
12946:.
12899:.
12790:)
12776:.
12753:.
12700:.
12674:.
12643:.
12547:.
12510:.
12477:.
12451:.
12426:.
12398:.
12376:.
12359:.
12316:.
12291:.
12266:.
12165:.
12133:.
12101:.
12068:.
12038:.
12002:.
11969:.
11944:.
11914:.
11884:.
11854:.
11824:.
11794:.
11763:.
11733:.
11688:.
11676::
11624:.
11599:.
11565:.
11520:.
11500:.
11474:.
11444:.
11418:.
11280:.
11221::
11215:3
11167::
11161:3
11140:.
11102:.
11071:.
11039:.
11003:.
10958:.
10920:.
10882:.
10845:.
10782:.
10750:.
10720:.
10696:.
10683:.
10646:.
10632:.
10613:.
10591:.
10565:.
10539:.
10513:.
10482:.
10425:.
10396:.
10370:.
10358::
10352:6
10331:.
10304:.
10290::
10263:.
10238:.
10213:.
10183:.
10158:.
10133:.
10103:.
10067:.
10037:.
10011:.
9966:.
9941:.
9915:.
9883:.
9829:.
9775:.
9747:.
9719:.
9687:.
9662:.
9648::
9627:.
9598:.
9568:.
9548::
9521:.
9495:.
9461:.
9432:.
9421::
9394:.
9382::
9355:.
9330:.
9303:.
9275::
9249:.
9223:.
9201::
9174:.
8362:)
8356:(
8351:)
8347:(
8337:Β·
8330:Β·
8323:Β·
8316:Β·
8289:.
7770:I
7698:/
6430:(
5014:G
4687:6
4416:3
4393:V
4380:1
4364:3
4354:1
4339:X
4329:1
4310:1
4300:1
4275:3
4232:1
4225:3
4209:1
4184:6
4174:1
4158:2
4135:I
4122:1
4112:1
4102:1
4095:1
4088:3
4066:5
4059:1
4021:1
4008:3
3992:1
3970:3
3963:2
3941:1
2695:-
2637:.
450:(
130::
115::
100::
85::
70::
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
