31:
427:
99:
953:
490:
crimes and crimes against humanity during the
National Socialist era now enjoyed legal immunity as these people could argue that they had only committed their crimes while obeying orders. As the massacres that Poeppel had ordered took place in 1941 and all of the evidence indicated that he was merely obeying the orders of his superiors, the statute of limitations for these crimes expired in 1956 and as such he enjoyed legal immunity.
831:
110:
1002:
974:
375:, the Royal Prussian Army and ultimately could trace its descent all the way back to the army founded by the Great Elector of Brandenburg in 1640. Against the "traditionalist" school with its emphasis on the continuity of Prussian-German military history, there were the "reformers" who argued that the
484:
entitled "Wehrmacht
Reprisal Policy and the Mass Murder of Jews in Serbia" accused Poeppel of being involved in the massacres of Serbian Jews in 1941. Poeppel was never prosecuted because German law maintained a distinction between murder and being accomplice to murder-the latter defined as killing
489:
passed a law that retroactively declared the statute of limitations for being an accomplice to murder as expiring within 15 years of the crime. In 1969, it was estimated that because of the new statute of limitations for the crime of accomplice to murder that 90% of those
Germans suspected of war
631:
1057:
485:
someone while obeying orders in the service of the state. Only those who killed on their own initiative in the
National Socialist era were considered to have committed murder in the legal sense. In 1968, the
450:
344:
165:
887:
1047:
1042:
764:
502:
officer; their daughter, Susanne studied for an advanced degree at the Pädagogische
Hochschule in Bonn. Poeppel was an able and ardent tennis player all his life.
469:
892:
872:
735:
498:
Poeppel was married in 1947 to
Edelgard, "the girl next door" to him in Pomerania, and the couple had two children. Their son, Burkhardt, also became a
922:
912:
771:
180:
882:
753:
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30:
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was a continuation of the old
Prussian Army, and as such figures from the past like Hindenburg and LĂĽtjens were to be venerated in the new
233:
801:
426:
713:
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in 1955, Poeppel volunteered and was reinstated at his former rank of captain. Poeppel passed his general staff training at the
275:. In 1941 while serving in Serbia, he ordered the massacres of Serbian Jews. By the end of the war, he had attained the rank of
353:
383:
that had existed between 1871-1945 and the new
Federal Republic founded in 1949. As such, the "reformers" argued that the
990:
317:
554:
539:
521:
467:
On 1 April 1978 Poeppel returned to Bonn and became the Deputy
Inspector of the Army and a year later Inspector (
1037:
1008:
408:
964:
330:
379:
was a new force unconnected to the past and who placed an emphasis on the discontinuity between the
440:
292:
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303:) and became an academic assistant at the Pedagogic University of OsnabrĂĽck in 1952.
219:
69:
978:
272:
842:
514:
Reforging the Iron Cross: The Search for
Tradition in the West German Armed Forces
367:, Poeppel was known as an advocate of the "traditionalist" school, which saw the
135:
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1021:
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Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
460:
104:
215:
65:
349:
857:
445:
196:
326:
530:
Hans Poeppel, Wilhelm-Karl Prinz von PreuĂźen, Karl-GĂĽnther von Hase,
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as heroes. Poeppel argued in a memo because the Defense Minister
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Wirtschaftswoche.de "Gelobt sei was hart macht" 20 May 2009
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191:(20 July 1921 – 29 September 2007) was a general in the
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In 1947–49, he studied at the Pedagogic Institute in
679:
655:
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448:until 31 March 1973 and until 31 March 1978 of the
438:On 1 January 1970, Poeppel became the commander of
387:should not be venerating men such as Field Marshal
279:(captain), and managed to avoid Soviet captivity.
1048:Deputy Chief of Staff of the Federal Armed Forces
1043:Military personnel from the Province of Pomerania
772:Deputy Chief of Staff of the Federal Armed Forces
430:Poeppel (r.) at his retirement next to President
1019:
399:had stated the intellectual role models for the
627:
625:
623:
621:
619:
549:. Cambridge (Mass.): Harvard University Press.
295:. He started to work as a teacher in 1949 in
616:
576:
574:
311:After the founding and organization of the
321:in 1958–61 and served on the Staff of the
29:
802:6th Panzergrenadier Division (Bundeswehr)
571:
516:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
649:
511:
425:
371:as a continuation of the Wehrmacht, the
581:obituary of the Clausewitz-Gesellschaft
473:). Poeppel retired on 1 October 1981.
181:Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit
1063:Lieutenant generals of the German Army
1020:
824:
697:
685:
673:
661:
610:
547:The Wehrmacht: history, myth, reality
544:
1053:German Army officers of World War II
991:
13:
14:
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707:
482:Militärgeschichtiche Mitteiblugen
329:. He became Staff Officer to the
206:(Inspector of the Army) 1979–81.
1000:
972:
951:
829:
493:
476:In 1983, the American historian
108:
97:
505:
352:. In 1967–69, he worked at the
318:FĂĽhrungsakademie der Bundeswehr
16:Inspector of the Army (1979–81)
585:
409:August Neidhardt von Gneisenau
291:, including a semester at the
35:Poeppel and German chancellor
1:
827:Inspectors of the German Army
806:1 April 1973 – 31 March 1978
632:Biography at deutschesheer.de
564:
306:
209:
747:1 April 1979–1 October 1981
415:, that in his view that the
248:
156:Field Artillery Battalion 31
7:
776:1 April 1978–30 March 1979
532:Die Soldaten der Wehrmacht,
480:in an article published in
458:. There he was promoted to
354:Federal Ministry of Defense
282:
116:Federal Republic of Germany
10:
1079:
534:6. Auflage, MĂĽnchen 2000.
451:6. Panzergrenadierdivision
345:Feldartilleriebataillon 31
166:6. Panzergrenadierdivision
39:in German Chancellery 1981
949:
888:Hans-Henning von Sandrart
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512:Abenheim, Donald (2014).
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52:
44:
28:
21:
441:Panzergrenadierbrigade 1
293:University of Manchester
253:That year he passed his
160:Panzergrenadierbrigade 1
718:German National Library
545:Wette, Wolfram (2006).
413:Gerhard von Scharnhorst
189:Johannes "Hans" Poeppel
435:
743:Inspector of the Army
470:Inspekteur de sHeeres
429:
269:Artillerieregiment 32
257:, Poeppel joined the
203:Inspekteur des Heeres
171:Inspector of the Army
146:Artillerieregiment 32
122:Years of service
794:Franz-Joseph Schulze
765:RĂĽdiger von Reichert
478:Christopher Browning
214:Poeppel was born in
1038:People from Ĺšwidwin
893:Henning von Ondarza
405:Carl von Clausewitz
389:Paul von Hindenburg
853:Ulrich de Maizière
700:, p. 249-250.
676:, p. 243-244.
436:
342:and commanded the
336:Friedrich Foertsch
332:Generalinspekteure
267:and served in the
234:Napola institution
960:
959:
873:Horst Hildebrandt
819:
818:
813:Hans-Joachim Mack
809:Succeeded by
779:Succeeded by
750:Succeeded by
736:Horst Hildebrandt
727:Military offices
340:Heinrich Trettner
226:) and passed his
220:Farther Pomerania
186:
185:
84:29 September 2007
70:Farther Pomerania
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1005:
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987:Johannes Poeppel
977:
976:
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955:
878:Johannes Poeppel
833:
822:
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790:Preceded by
781:Generalleutnant
763:Generalleutnant
761:Preceded by
752:Generalleutnant
734:Generalleutnant
732:Preceded by
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714:Johannes Poeppel
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273:Second World War
222:(today Ĺšwidwin,
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72:(today Ĺšwidwin,
62:
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23:Johannes Poeppel
19:
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992:sister projects
989:at Knowledge's
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923:Hans-Otto Budde
913:Helmut Willmann
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393:GĂĽnther LĂĽtjens
309:
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271:throughout the
251:
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200:. He served as
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136:Generalleutnant
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908:Hartmut Bagger
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898:Jörg Schönbohm
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883:Meinhard Glanz
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709:
708:External links
706:
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690:
688:, p. 249.
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664:, p. 248.
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652:, p. 278.
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88:(aged 86)
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37:Helmut Schmidt
34:
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863:Albert Schnez
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851:
849:
848:Alfred Zerbel
846:
844:
843:Hans Röttiger
841:
840:
837:
832:
828:
823:
814:
811:Generalmajor
804:
803:
800:Commander of
795:
792:Generalmajor
788:
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650:Abenheim 2014
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556:0-674-02213-0
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540:3-7766-2057-9
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533:
529:
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523:1-4008-5977-8
519:
515:
510:
509:
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494:Personal life
491:
488:
483:
479:
474:
472:
471:
465:
463:
462:
457:
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452:
447:
443:
442:
433:
432:Karl Carstens
428:
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402:
398:
397:Theodor Blank
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265:officer cadet
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55:
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47:
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38:
32:
27:
20:
1012:from Commons
1007:
986:
938:Jörg Vollmer
903:Helge Hansen
877:
868:Ernst Ferber
799:
783:Helmut Heinz
770:
741:
693:
681:
669:
657:
587:
546:
531:
513:
506:Bibliography
499:
497:
486:
481:
475:
468:
466:
461:Generalmajor
459:
449:
439:
437:
420:
416:
400:
391:and Admiral
384:
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105:Nazi Germany
86:(2007-09-29)
63:20 July 1921
1033:2007 deaths
1028:1921 births
943:Alfons Mais
918:Gert Gudera
595:(in German)
403:were to be
363:Within the
216:Schivelbein
148:(1939–1945)
127:1955 – 1981
66:Schivelbein
45:Nickname(s)
1022:Categories
858:Josef Moll
698:Wette 2006
686:Wette 2006
674:Wette 2006
662:Wette 2006
611:Wette 2006
565:References
500:Bundeswehr
456:NeumĂĽnster
446:Hildesheim
421:Bundeswehr
417:Bundeswehr
401:Bundeswehr
385:Bundeswehr
377:Bundeswehr
373:Reichswehr
369:Bundeswehr
365:Bundeswehr
313:Bundeswehr
307:Bundeswehr
210:Early life
197:Bundeswehr
93:Allegiance
59:1921-07-20
979:Biography
720:catalogue
277:Hauptmann
260:Wehrmacht
249:Wehrmacht
240:in 1939.
125:1939–1945
487:Bundstag
350:LĂĽneburg
323:I. Korps
283:Post-war
153:Commands
716:in the
434:in 1981
327:MĂĽnster
297:Wriedel
965:Portal
553:
538:
520:
411:, and
301:Uelzen
263:as an
255:Abitur
244:Career
238:Berlin
229:Abitur
224:Poland
193:German
177:Awards
113:
102:
74:Poland
1009:Media
381:Reich
289:Celle
232:at a
551:ISBN
536:ISBN
518:ISBN
358:Bonn
338:and
142:Unit
132:Rank
81:Died
53:Born
48:Hans
454:in
444:in
360:.
356:in
348:in
325:in
236:in
1024::
638:^
618:^
601:^
573:^
464:.
407:,
218:,
68:,
995::
967::
559:.
526:.
299:(
76:)
61:)
57:(
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