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concept of Czech history, putting it inside wider
European context, being aware of complicacy and relativity of historical events. He respected the rights of the German population living within Czech territory, but he strongly opposed an historical interpretation of Czech-German relations from a "Greater German" perspective. He also appreciated the role of foreign, western
254:, Pekař wrote "Czechoslovak history" (published 1921), a textbook, which was used in high schools for many years. He also wrote about the causes of the conflict in the book "World War", published in the same year. In response to post-war anti-Catholic tendencies in the society, he started to apologize the Czech
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and T.G.Masaryk. As a historian, he reproached
Masaryk for putting too much emphasis on the religious reformist significance of Czech history, while he himself stressed the aspect of nationality. In the beginning, he considered national element as fundamental and motive, later, he spoke about complex
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of a matter, but the science exploring life of individual people in its complexity". That's why a historian cannot coolly stay to be a disinterested observer - he has to take his own position to the past. This Pekař's conception is no longer to be considered "positivism", exceeding it by going beyond
178:, proving the importance of Czech culture for Europe; his answer was published again several times and translated into many languages. From that time, Pekař has become well recognized authority among central European historians. In 1901, Pekař was appointed professor of Charles university in Prague.
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and presented it as a movement of genuinely medieval character with tragic consequences in Czech history. The book provoked sharp reactions, because that movement was usually hailed as the struggle for national and religious freedom. Pekař answered them with a series of articles, which were later
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In 1931–1932, he was elected Rector of
Charles University. In inaugural speech, he emphasized his national-conservative views and the need the periodization of Czech history should be based on general historical epochs, similarly to art history.
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factors in Czech history. In his view, the history of a nation cannot emerge from a single foundation, as
Masaryk claimed, but is formed out of the countless layers produced by cultural, economic and political changes.
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historical facts, which were obtained from historical sources. Therefore, historical events are interpreted consistently in the contemporary context. He - as a conscientious historian - emphasized the
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and about the situation of tributaries in 17th and 18th century. His emphasis of the details of common life and economic circumstances was completely new and outrun that time. The following work was
339:, etc.). He was convinced about substantial negative impact of religious conflicts on Czech history and many times urged Czech patriotism to get rid of them. He was a strong opponent of historical
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should have scientific foundations, but the contribution of historian should consist of understanding and faithful description of ancient times. "Historiography is not an exact science, a sober
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His contribution to the scientific discipline of history has been awarded by the membership in the Czech
Academy of Sciences and Arts. He was a member of the Czech Royal society of Sciences.
361:"Josef Pekař and his intense personality reminds us that we can never uncover history completely, the totality that resides in details, the power of history that shapes the present."
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The basic principle of Pekař's conception was the necessity to understand historical epoch from itself, thus, to cognize and feel its spirit. According to him,
135:, which now bears his name, Pekař studied history in Prague. He started the career of historian already during studies, when his article, published in 1890 in
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historiographic methods, rejecting above all the claim, that the meaning of Czech history consisted of the religious idea of
166:, then, he taught for shorter time at the secondary school in Mladá Boleslav and Prague. In 1895, he became the founder of
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period and the role of aristocracy at that time, which was usually considered a dark period of the Czech nation and the
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of ideas of different eras ("The events must always be viewed through the eyes of then people")
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rather as a warrior and a religious fanatic, contesting transnational significance of
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of some historical events, which in his opinion had rather negative consequencies (
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and the same year, he declined sharply an anti-Czech article of German historian
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527:"Historian Josef Pekař | Jihlava International Documentary Film Festival"
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against the attacks of pro-Masaryk Czech writer, historian and politician
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comes really already from the 10th century (written probably before 994).
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historian of the turn of 19th and 20th century, professor and
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Members of Czech academy of science and art 1890–1952, p. 230
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Nominantions of the King
Ottokar II for the German throne
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of the Czechs. These themes were discussed in his works
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After studies, Pekař spent one year at universities in
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The
History of the Wallenstein conspiracy (1630–1634)
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428:Fallacies and dangers of the land-holding reform
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284:(1928–1934), Pekař rated Hussite's chieftain
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436:reworked version, Historic club, Prague 1927
227:. In this book, he defended himself and the
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273:(Bílá Hora) from 1921, and
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529:. dokument-festival.com
422:Discoveries of Bretholz
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570:1916–1933. Prague 2000
549:"Historik Josef Pekař"
145:Rukopis královédvorský
137:Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk
415:Saint John of Nepomuk
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181:In 1903, in the work
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377:The Book about Kost
282:Žižka and his times
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613:Categories
563:In Czech:
559:Literature
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484:References
341:philosophy
237:Jan Herben
231:school of
407:World War
290:hussitism
241:Masaryk's
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88:professor
85:Historian
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245:humanity
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