94:), and Oja (nutrition). The first four elements are called primary qualities, and are predominant in kalapas. The other four are secondary properties that derive from the primaries. The primary qualities are akin to the system of
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According to the description found in the
Abhidhammattha-sangaha, Kalapas are said to be invisible under normal circumstances but visible as a result of meditative
47:, said to be about 1/46,656th the size of a particle of dust from a wheel of chariot. Kalapas are not mentioned in the earliest Buddhists texts, such as the
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66:. Kalapas are composed of eight inseparable elements of material essence in varying amounts which are: Pathavi (
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In contemporary
Buddhist meditation practice, the observation and analysis of kalapas is a type of
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133:. Contemporary adherents of practices related to the observation and analysis of kalapas include
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commentary dated to the 11th or 12th century, and as such not part of common
Theravada doctrine.
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Practicing the Jhanas: Traditional
Concentration as Presented by Venerable Pa Auk Sayadaw
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U Ba Khin, Sayagyi Thray Sithu (1995-2011) "The
Essentials of Buddha Dhamma"
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U Ba Khin, Sayagyi Thray Sithu (1995-2011) "The
Essentials of Buddha Dhamma"
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U Ba Khin, Sayagyi Thray Sithu (1995-2011) "The
Essentials of Buddha Dhamma"
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102:. Certain kalapas are said to also include additional elements, including
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A Manual of
Abhidhamma: Abhidhammattha Saïgaha of Bhadanta Anuruddhàcariya
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The
Experience of Samadhi: An In-depth Exploration of Buddhist Meditation
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The
Experience of Samadhi: An In-depth Exploration of Buddhist Meditation
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Early Buddhist Metaphysics: The Making of a Philosophical Tradition
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Anuruddhàcariya, Bhadanta, trans. By Thera, Nàrada Mahà (1979)
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in the 1980s expressed a belief that kalapas played a role in
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Living Dharma: Teachings of Twelve Buddhist Masters
125:practice that aims to allow direct observation of
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287:Rasmussen, Tina and Snyder, Stephen (2009)
264:The Buddhist Publication Society, Sri Lanka
463:Theravada Buddhist philosophical concepts
323:, Vipassana Research Publications, p. 131
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395:, Buddhasasana Nuggaha Organization"
43:for the smallest units of physical
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231:Buddhist Missionary Society, p.320
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435:"The Essentials of Buddha Dhamma"
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205:, Britannica Online (1998, 2005).
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391:"Sayadaw, Mahasi (March 1982)
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260:Mendis, N.K.G. (2006-2011),
245:Buddhist Publication Society
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369:. Shambhala. p. 177.
365:Shankman, Richard (2008).
262:The Abhidhamma in Practice
214:Shankman, Richard (2008),
33:"bundle") is a term in
321:The Discourse Summaries
29:"form, phenomenon" and
203:Abhidhammattha-sangaha
53:Abhidhammattha-sangaha
319:Goenka, S.N. (2000)
334:Knowing and Seeing,
276:Knowing and Seeing,
218:, Shambhala, p. 178
458:Buddhist cosmology
96:classical elements
51:, but only in the
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139:S.N. Goenka
86:), Gandha (
21:rupa-kalapa
452:Categories
405:2011-02-21
177:References
82:), Vanna (
57:Abhidhamma
443:Sri Lanka
421:(2005),
354:Sri Lanka
309:Sri Lanka
249:Sri Lanka
135:U Ba Khin
123:vipassana
90:), Rasa (
78:), Vayo (
74:), Tejo (
49:Tripitaka
35:Theravada
165:See also
141:and the
131:non-self
70:), Apo (
38:Buddhist
159:rebirth
64:samadhi
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45:matter
31:kalāpa
17:Kalapa
155:death
151:aging
104:sound
92:taste
88:smell
84:color
72:water
68:earth
55:, an
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423:58f.
371:ISBN
348:The
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129:and
116:life
112:body
76:fire
26:rūpa
108:sex
98:in
80:air
19:or
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