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309:(elevated platform) between four columns divides synagogues into nine parts. The Izmir Project notes that this style features central stage upon which the ark for the Torah rests across the holy chest at the eastern wall. It includes a central platform, supported by four pillars that resemble a canopy for a ceiling. Seating around the stage allows members of a congregation to see each other's faces and adds to the bonding experience of public prayer (in contrast to
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Of the 34 synagogues, eight remain today in the
Kemeraltı Çaršisi area of Izmir (mostly on Havra Sokagi) and another 10 nearby. Some remain intact, some in ruins, and others are in the process of restoration. "These synagogues constitute a living testimony to the history of the community in Izmir,
289:
A heritage organization, the "Izmir
Project" (planned and partly funded by the Mordechai Kiriaty Foundation, the Izmir-Konak municipality, the Izmir Sephardic Cultural Heritage Association (ISCHA), and the American Friends of Izmir Jewish Heritage Museum) calls Izmir "the only city in the world in
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Hidden behind walls and gardens, along the alleyways of the colorful historic bazaar, the
Central Izmir Synagogues are an unparalleled testament to the city’s rich Jewish heritage. The oldest district in Izmir, Kemeralti dates back to Roman times and is home to the densest concentration of Jewish
176:
The remaining part of the inner bay silted up throughout the 18th century. The shoreline facing
Kemeraltı took its present straight form in the beginning of the 19th century, although some of the land along the berth remained unused until the end of that century. In 1829, Sarı Kışla, the Yellow
145:(and surviving to the present) that emerged as the nucleus of the market, together with two older "hans", the term implying a caravanserai with more markedly urban characteristics, that have not survived to this day. These was the "Great Vezir Han" constructed by the 17th-century
181:), situated slightly diagonally behind the barracks, was extended and converted into the governor's mansion, demarcating Konak Square that holds its name from the mansion, and which in its turn gave the name to the central metropolitan district of İzmir (
227:
Though the loss of shoe manufacturing in the 1990s left a void in the business well into the 2000s, eventually the commercial activities in
Kemeraltı recuperated with the growth of Izmir's population throughout the 2010s. In 2020, Kemeraltı became a
339:, which was moved to this cemetery from its original burial place, in the 1920s... and people from all over the world come to pray at his grave" as "pilgrimage to Rabbi Palaggi’s grave." In 2013, a new, perhaps fifth Jewish cemetery.
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The market itself came into existence with the filling between 1650–1670 of the shallowest parts of the inner bay. The process of gaining ground from the bay was pursued in 1744 with the construction of Kızlarağası Han, an impressive
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which an unusual cluster of synagogues bearing a typical medieval
Spanish architectural style is preserved." At its peak, there were 34 synagogues in Izmir, "creating an historical architectural complex unique in the world." There,
301:
This heritage included
Sephardic architectural styles of synagogues that came from medieval Spain. The World Monuments Fund notes that Izmir synagogues often feature a “triple arrangement” of the
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It is bounded by the streets
Fevzipaşa Boulevard on the northeast, Eşrefpaşa Street on the southwest, and Halil Rıfat Bashaw Street on the southeast, surrounded by ridges of Kadifekale.
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landmarks in all of Turkey. The six mosques surrounding the synagogue complex evince the centuries of peaceful co-habitation among the local
Ottoman and Jewish communities.
261:
219:, who wanted to see Konak Square re-shaped, to the ongoing regret of many İzmirians who had come to adopt the oversize building as one of the main landmarks of their city.
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which was one of the most spectacular of its kind and had the most spiritual and cultural influence on all Jewish diaspora communities in the 17th and 18th centuries."
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1173:"Strategic meaning of the historical city center while designating the future of a city: İzmir Kemeraltı Bazaar Case: A study with numerous actors"
298:(or Edict of Expulsion) of 31 March 1492) came to Izmir with their Sephardic Jewish heritage, Ladino language, Sephardic traditions of worship.
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A milestone in the bazaar's development was the building in 1592 of the Hisar Mosque ("Fortress Mosque"). This is the oldest, most significant
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and thereafter, of hundreds of "hans" that
Kemeraltı counted at the beginning of the 20th century (and clearly visible on a 1905 map drawn by
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Barracks, the principal Ottoman barracks of the city, gigantic for its time, was built immediately on the sea-side, and a private residence (
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times, which stood on the same location. Final remains of the castle were removed during construction of new port installations (1867–1876).
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brotherhood). During the 17th Century, this street was filled in, which allowed the bazaar to extend. Today, the street, now called
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cartographers on behalf of international insurance companies), only a dozen remained, in full or in part: most were destroyed.
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The governor's mansion still stands, although the Yellow Barracks was demolished in 1955 under instructions from the then
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525:"Strategic meaning of the historical city center while designating the future of a city: İzmir Kemeraltı Bazaar Case"
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156:. Another historically important han (that no longer exists) was "Cezayir Han" (literally "Han of
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The bazaar formed originally around a long street. In medieval times, it was called Street of the
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shows some of the synagogues amidst discussions by Israel Jews about how to preserve them.
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presents a history and film some of the synagogues. A second documentary called
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architectural style, in which seating lies in rows that limits eye contact).
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701:"The Izmir Project, the Hidden Secrets of the Ancient Synagogues of Izmir"
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841:"Izmir Synagogue Restoration Progress — Beit Hillel Synagogue Restored!"
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The district covers a vast area extending from the level of the
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Los Foresteros Synagogue (17th-century, unrestored, inactive)
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Etz Hayim Synagogue (14th-15th-century, restoration planned)
294:, originally expelled from Spain and Portugal (e.g., by the
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443:: a covered passageway with stores along one or both sides.
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In addition to synagogues, there were at least four Jewish
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474:: a bazaar that raises money for non-profit organizations
1061:"Shalom Synagogue: An Example of Detailed Documentation"
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Ashkenazi Synagogue (20th-century, unrestored, inactive)
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Portugal Synagogue (17th-century, unrestored, inactive)
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Rosh Ha-Har Synagogue (19th-century, restored, active)
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Bikur Holim Synagogue (18th-century, restored, active)
49:. It remains one of the liveliest districts of İzmir.
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Hevra Synagogue (17th-century, unrestored, inactive)
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The remaining synagogues in or near the bazaar are:
424:
Kahal Kadosh Synagogue (19th-century, conservatory)
124:Castle or Fortress of "San Pietro", earlier called
26:(1592–1598) in the Kemeraltı neighbourhood of İzmir
362:Synagogue) (19th-century, restored 2014, inactive)
389:Shalom Synagogue (17th-Century, restored, active)
368:Algazi Synagogue (18th-century, restored, active)
318:Hidden Secrets of the Ancient Synagogues of Izmir
108:, descendant of the dynasty that had founded the
1892:
1171:Çırak, Ayşegül Altınörs; Yörür, Neriman (2007).
523:Çırak, Ayşegül Altınörs; Yörür, Neriman (2007).
232:as part of "The Historical Port City of Izmir."
1497:Atatürk, His Mother and Women's Rights Monument
276:added "Central Izmir Synagogues" as #81 to its
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84:" (a building designed for gatherings of a
16:Historical market district of İzmir, Turkey
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1608:St. John the Evangelist's Anglican Church
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1921:World Heritage Tentative List for Turkey
1512:Natural History Museum of Ege University
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1507:Bostanlı Open-air Archaeological Museum
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1178:. 43rd ISOCARP Congress of CENDOC/ESAN
797:"Construction Reveals Jewish Cemetery"
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530:. 43rd ISOCARP Congress of CENDOC/ESAN
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843:. Jewish Heritage Europe. 22 May 2014
676:"Saving the Old Synagogues in Turkey"
650:
572:
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104:landmark in İzmir (although built by
80:, in reference to the presence of a "
674:Ben Joya, Nisim (26 February 2015).
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772:"The Jewish Cemetery in Gurcheshme"
550:"The Historical Port City of Izmir"
331:(cemeteries): Gürçeşme, Bahribaba,
13:
1796:List of tallest buildings in İzmir
567:
457:List of shopping malls in Istanbul
14:
1937:
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628:. The Jewish Week. Archived from
278:World Monuments Watch annual list
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624:Tucker, Linda (15 August 2011).
409:(20th-century, restored, active)
386:(17th-century, restored, active)
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1527:İzmir Art and Sculpture Museum
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651:Hecht, Esther (12 June 2015).
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1459:İzmir University of Economics
1454:İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University
1449:İzmir Institute of Technology
267:
230:Tentative World Heritage Site
197:A typical street in Kemeraltı
154:Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha
1911:Tourist attractions in İzmir
1547:Yıldıztepe Military Cemetery
750:"About the Izmir Delegation"
504:
462:List of synagogues in Turkey
7:
1618:St. Mary's Church (Bornova)
1522:İzmir Archaeological Museum
1246:in English until about 1930
703:. eSefard. 26 February 2015
678:. Philadelphia Jewish Voice
428:
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10:
1942:
1444:İzmir Democracy University
973:"Los Foresteros Synagogue"
578:"Central Izmir Synagogues"
322:About the Izmir Delegation
316:A documentary film called
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168:of Algiers for centuries.
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37:) is a historical market (
1926:Jews and Judaism in İzmir
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1660:Signora Giveret Synagogue
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1439:İzmir Bakırçay University
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1396:Turkish capture of Smyrna
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1086:" "Beit Israel Synagogue"
150:Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha
1759:Buildings and structures
1730:Karşıyaka Ferry Terminal
1532:İzmir Ethnography Museum
1130:"Kahal Kadosh Synagogue"
1740:Pasaport Ferry Terminal
1685:Alsancak Ferry Terminal
1413:List of mayors of İzmir
1384:Greek landing at Smyrna
1191:Walking Routes in Izmir
1158:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
1132:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
1110:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
1108:"Rosh Ha-Har Synagogue"
1088:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
1041:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
1019:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
997:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
975:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
953:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
931:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
909:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
887:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
885:"Bikur Holim Synagogue"
865:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
863:"Beit Hillel Synagogue"
821:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
730:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
626:"A Promise Of Survival"
602:. Izmir Jewish Heritage
358:Beit Hillel Synagogue (
160:"), from where western
1680:Adnan Menderes Airport
1429:Dokuz Eylül University
752:. Zalman Shazar Center
580:. World Monuments Fund
287:
198:
27:
1877:38.41833°N 27.13222°E
1781:İzmir Parachute Tower
1639:Saint Voukolos Church
1628:Saint Polycarp Church
929:"Etz Hayim Synagogue"
819:"Ashkenazi Synagogue"
799:. Hurriyet Daily News
282:
240:Kemeraltı is home to
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22:
1801:Yeni Kavaflar Market
1735:Konak Ferry Terminal
1715:İzmir Coach Terminal
1655:Bet Israel Synagogue
1613:St. John's Cathedral
1582:Kestanepazarı Mosque
1517:İnciraltı Sea Museum
1401:Great fire of Smyrna
1389:Occupation of Smyrna
995:"Portugal Synagogue"
407:Bet Israel Synagogue
343:Remaining synagogues
274:World Monuments Fund
254:Kestanepazarı Mosque
203:Great Fire of Smyrna
112:, whose family the (
1873: /
1633:St. Stepanos Church
655:. Hadassah Magazine
653:"Conserve, Protect"
280:. The fund states:
262:Şadırvanaltı Mosque
172:18th-19th centuries
106:Aydınoğlu Yakup Bey
90:Anafartalar Caddesi
1882:38.41833; 27.13222
1587:Salepçioğlu Mosque
1259:Central districts
1039:"Shalom Synagogue"
1017:"Señora Synagogue"
907:"Algazi Synagogue"
632:on 11 October 2016
258:Salepçioğlu Mosque
199:
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1916:Bazaars in Turkey
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1776:İzmir Clock Tower
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1369:Timeline of İzmir
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1066:. Jewish Heritage
951:"Hevra Synagogue"
777:. Jewish Heritage
394:Nearby synagogues
35:Kemeraltı Çarşısı
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59:Agora of Smyrna
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1577:Hisar Mosque
1487:Atatürk Mask
1422:Universities
1348:
1182:10 September
1180:. Retrieved
1162:10 September
1160:. Retrieved
1156:"Synagogues"
1136:10 September
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728:"Synagogues"
707:10 September
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634:. Retrieved
630:the original
606:10 September
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472:Meena Bazaar
452:Haim Palachi
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246:Hisar Mosque
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223:21st century
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189:20th century
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166:protectorate
147:grand vizier
143:caravanserai
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136:17th century
126:Neon Kastron
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96:16th century
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63:Konak Square
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24:Hisar Mosque
1880: /
1720:İzmir Metro
1635:(destroyed)
1592:Yalı Mosque
1473:Museums and
1252:Settlements
1895:Categories
1868:27°07′56″E
1865:38°25′06″N
1817:Cumhuriyet
1786:Kültürpark
1771:Buca Gölet
1725:İzmir Tram
1648:Synagogues
1374:Kadifekale
1303:Karabağlar
1298:Güzelbahçe
268:Synagogues
1901:Kemeraltı
1791:Ülkü Park
1558:buildings
1556:Religious
1475:monuments
1349:Kemeraltı
1339:İnciraltı
1318:Narlıdere
1308:Karşıyaka
1242:Known as
505:Resources
418:Karşıyaka
329:mezarliği
311:Ashkenazi
303:Torah ark
130:Byzantine
31:Kemeraltı
1822:Gündoğdu
1601:Churches
1334:Alsancak
1293:Gaziemir
1273:Bayraklı
559:16 April
478:Merchant
429:See also
162:Anatolia
114:Aydinids
78:Mevlevis
53:Location
1810:Squares
1766:Asansör
1705:İzdeniz
1565:Mosques
1362:History
1344:Karataş
1278:Bornova
1268:Balçova
483:Peddler
447:Bazaari
400:Karataş
337:Palaggi
333:Bornova
236:Mosques
158:Algiers
122:Genoese
102:Ottoman
72:History
1379:Smyrna
1261:(İlçe)
1244:Smyrna
554:UNESCO
488:Retail
467:Market
441:Arcade
260:, and
207:French
118:mosque
110:Beylik
82:dergah
47:Turkey
39:bazaar
1832:Lozan
1827:Konak
1710:İZBAN
1700:ESHOT
1313:Konak
1288:Çiğli
1234:İzmir
1176:(PDF)
1064:(PDF)
775:(PDF)
528:(PDF)
307:bimah
183:Konak
179:konak
43:İzmir
1283:Buca
1184:2016
1164:2016
1138:2016
1116:2016
1094:2016
1072:2016
1047:2016
1025:2016
1003:2016
981:2016
959:2016
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783:2016
758:2016
736:2016
709:2016
684:2016
661:2016
638:2016
608:2016
586:2016
561:2020
536:2016
498:Souq
86:Sufi
416:In
398:In
128:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
