403:
be fired in level flight (unlike the Kh-66). The first ten were tested in early 1968, but significant delays were caused by problems with unreliable guidance which was eventually traced to the smoke generator which interfered with the antenna. Once the receiver had been moved to a tail extension, the government tested the missile on the MiG-23 and MiG-23B between 20 March 1970 and 3 October 1973. and it entered service in 1973. A laser-guided version of the Kh-23, the Kh-25, became the basis for the AS-10 'Karen' family of missiles. Technology from these was 'backported' to the Kh-23 to create the Kh-23M in 1974.
562:
824:
798:
973:
653:
375:. In April 1965 OKB-134 (later NPO Vympel) started work on this missile under the project name Kh-23, but they had problems developing a guidance system that would work with existing aircraft. As a result, Yurii N. Korolyov came up with his own proposals based on the earlier experiments with the RS-2-US. A design bureau to develop the RS-2-US for surface targets was set up under Korolyov by decree #100 of 12 March 1966 of the Ministry of the Aircraft Industry; this bureau would become the Zvezda OKB in 1976.
693:
679:
907:
443:
272:
706:
542:
811:
601:
640:
627:
894:
733:
947:
837:
772:
614:
960:
863:
746:
575:
395:, with the first launches of the missile in September 1966.It entered production in 1968 for that aircraft. The Kh-66 was only an interim solution as it required the launch aircraft to dive towards the target to maintain lock on the target.It entered service on 20 June 1968.The reason it was only carried on the MIG-21PFM was, since it was a beam-riding missile, it was paired with a radar, the RP-21M, which other aircraft did not have.
877:
588:
53:
921:
934:
720:
526:
759:
666:
850:
785:
402:
project intended for carriage on the Soviet Union's new MiG-23. The Kh-23 became a development of the Kh-66 design with an improved propellant and new Delta-R1M guidance system. The main practical difference was that it was a line-of-sight radio-command weapon similar to the
Bullpup, allowing it to
382:
K-5 guidance and propulsion systems but increased the warhead from 13 kg (29 lb) to 100 kg (220 lb). This had the big advantage of allowing the new weapon to be fitted to any aircraft capable of firing the K-5. Design began in 1966, so the project was known as
1501:
1494:
360:. Meanwhile, in 1963 the RS-2-US was tested as an air-to-surface missile. It was concluded that the small warhead and inaccurate guidance made such an application "pointless".
336:
Work on air-to-air missiles had started at the
Kaliningrad Engineering Plant (then known as Plant #455, and later merged into Zvezda-Strela) in 1955. This had resulted in the
4421:
3812:
1487:
320:
with a range of 10 km. They were intended for use against small ground or naval targets. The Kh-66 was effectively a heavy-warhead, beam-riding version of the
3484:
3119:
406:
The Kh-23 was later licensed for local production in both
Romania and Yugoslavia. In 1977 a dummy Kh-23 was fired from a Ka-252TB helicopter, the prototype of the
2989:
4426:
3022:
4436:
3361:
3464:
3307:
2790:
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2770:
1243:
1780:
1770:
1760:
1479:
2765:
1616:
1531:
1437:
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1601:
1591:
1621:
1611:
1077:
2982:
426:(AA-1 'Alkali'). It has cruciform control fins on the nose, and four clipped-tip delta-wings at the rear with elevators for control.
978:
4372:
3321:
324:
air-to-air missile rushed into service in
Vietnam in 1968. The Kh-23 was an improved Kh-66 with command-guidance, similar to the
2780:
1810:
1800:
1795:
422:(AA-3 'Anab') air-to-air missile, with the nozzle split to make room for the antenna of the beam-riding guidance system of the
1165:
4266:
2975:
1409:
1402:
MiG-23 Flogger in the Middle East, Mikoyan i
Gurevich MiG-23 in Service in Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Libya and Syria, 1973-2018
4013:
3791:
3777:
1428:
1039:
513:) - TV-guided version from Serbia's Vojno-Tehnički Institut in the mid-late 1990s; uses seeker based on that of the
434:
The Kh-66 entered production for the MiG-21 in 1968, and the Kh-23 was certified for the MiG-23 'Flogger' in 1973.
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1347:
3762:
3477:
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2353:
317:
67:
1510:
Russian and former Soviet military designation sequences for radar, missile and rocket systems
1155:
2795:
658:
17:
340:(AA-1 'Alkali') family of beam-guided missiles, including the K-51 (RS-2-US) carried by the
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3744:
3741:
3728:
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1189:
1208:
8:
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41:
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3017:
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498:) - Yugoslav version that appeared in the 1980s. This should not be confused with the
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1942:
1917:
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514:
423:
419:
379:
337:
275:
391:('Article 66'). The Kh-66 was a beam-riding weapon that was first tested on the
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2197:
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1973:
1968:
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1932:
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77:
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2106:
2055:
2050:
2025:
1706:
1696:
567:
547:
407:
372:
231:
218:
1228:
476:- Western name for a laser-guided version that in fact was the baseline
4348:
4298:
4261:
4251:
4045:
3993:
3963:
3858:
3853:
3733:
3667:
3662:
3607:
3507:
3344:
3134:
2821:
2434:
2368:
2217:
2149:
2065:
1994:
1989:
1892:
1790:
1755:
1686:
1631:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
816:
606:
349:
3958:
3903:
3878:
3736:
3723:
3708:
3617:
3587:
3577:
3517:
3370:
2646:
2328:
2288:
2070:
1862:
1541:
1536:
367:
requested an air-to-surface missile from the Soviet government; the
4166:
4106:
3678:
3537:
3527:
2731:
2318:
2293:
2242:
2111:
2101:
2020:
2015:
1626:
999:- French air-to-ground missile based on an early air-to-air missile
899:
645:
632:
52:
525:
371:
had entered service with the US Air Force before the start of the
4351:
4256:
3943:
3612:
3332:
3009:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2408:
1947:
1815:
965:
952:
868:
842:
777:
764:
738:
619:
580:
4309:
4063:
3923:
3898:
3893:
3627:
3274:
3002:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2921:
2916:
2800:
2534:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2232:
1952:
1937:
1907:
1775:
1636:
1332:
Lennox, Duncan, ed. (1997). "AS-7 'Kerry' (Kh-23/Kh-66 GROM)".
882:
855:
593:
257:
253:
249:
245:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4304:
4223:
4202:
4197:
4171:
4058:
4055:
4050:
3918:
3279:
3268:
3263:
3257:
3251:
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3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
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3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
2911:
2906:
2846:
2826:
2816:
2706:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
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2479:
2474:
2469:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2429:
2424:
2227:
2139:
1999:
1666:
996:
939:
926:
829:
790:
725:
477:
262:
4286:
4096:
4093:
4039:
4029:
3913:
3908:
3781:
3647:
3458:
3375:
3312:
3128:
3086:
2866:
2625:
1902:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1661:
1656:
1646:
1641:
803:
671:
464:) - First command-guidance version with improved propellant
341:
200:
1157:
The Naval
Institute Guide to World Naval Weapons Systems
1244:"Serbia and Montenegro develops 'smart' strike weapons"
470:- improved Kh-23 with technology from the Kh-25 family
4422:
Cold War air-to-surface missiles of the Soviet Union
1421:
Soviet/Russian
Aircraft Weapons Since World War Two
454:- the original beam-riding missile based on the K-8
1354:. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
1336:(35th ed.). Surrey: Jane's Information Group.
1264:
4413:
2983:
1495:
1438:International Institute for Strategic Studies
1404:. Warwick: Helion & Company Publishing.
356:would go on to produce missiles such as the
205:2,160–2,700 km/h (1,340–1,680 mph)
4427:Air-to-surface missiles of the Soviet Union
1041:History of JSC Tactical Missile Corporation
4437:Military equipment introduced in the 1960s
2990:
2976:
1502:
1488:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1034:
1032:
398:Meanwhile, Korolyov took over work on the
1423:, Hinckley, England: Midland Publishing,
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
278:air-to-air missile, ancestor of the Kh-66
146:A921 :3.525 m (11 ft 7 in)
1297:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1153:
524:
441:
378:The resulting weapon used the body of a
270:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
714:− Passed on to the unified German state
14:
4414:
1418:
1399:
1384:
1372:
1331:
1238:
1236:
1160:, Naval Institute Press, p. 235,
1094:
1078:"Russian Air-to-Ground Missile Update"
1009:
529:Map with former Kh-23 operators in red
429:
2971:
1483:
1276:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1436:
1270:
1173:
162:78.5 cm (2 ft 6.9 in)
1233:
446:Sukhoi Su-17M3 with a Kh-23 missile
418:The Kh-66 used the airframe of the
24:
1200:
1190:"Kh-23, Kh-66 Grom (AS-7 'Kerry')"
1061:
985:
25:
4448:
971:
958:
945:
932:
919:
905:
892:
875:
861:
848:
835:
822:
809:
796:
783:
770:
757:
744:
731:
718:
704:
691:
677:
664:
651:
638:
625:
612:
599:
586:
573:
560:
540:
410:TB 'Helix-B' assault transport.
51:
1378:
1366:
1340:
1206:
981:− Passed on to successor states
915:− passed on to successor states
871:− Locally produced as the A-921
687:− Passed on to successor states
195:2–10 km (1.1–5.4 nmi)
138:A921 :287 kg (633 lb)
27:Tactical air-to-surface missile
1222:
1044:, pp. 3–4, archived from
331:
13:
1:
1458:10.1080/04597222.2024.2298593
1393:
104:FSU, Warsaw Pact, Iraq, India
1250:, 2005-05-12, archived from
520:
7:
1334:Jane's Air-Launched Weapons
1248:Jane's Missiles and Rockets
1194:Jane's Air-Launched Weapons
1082:Jane's Missiles and Rockets
437:
154:27.5 cm (10.8 in)
10:
4453:
533:
4275:
4079:SS-N-3a Shaddock 3b Sepal
4028:
3821:
3804:
3761:
3646:
3493:
3476:
3353:
3111:
3016:
2859:
2809:
2758:
2749:
2639:
2558:
2417:
2281:
2168:
2130:
2079:
2008:
1982:
1961:
1840:
1833:
1748:
1735:
1524:
1515:
1210:Zvezda Kh-23 (AS-7 Kerry)
1154:Friedman, Norman (1997),
553:
486:- Version made in Romania
413:
312:) are a family of early
298:
237:
209:
199:
187:
179:
174:
170:111 kg (245 lb)
166:
158:
150:
142:
134:
129:
121:
113:
108:
100:
88:
83:
74:Place of origin
73:
62:
50:
32:
2399:S-500/55R6M Triumfator-M
1348:"Arms transfer database"
1003:
2379:S-200 Angara/Vega/Dubna
318:air-to-surface missiles
2329:9K38 Igla/9K338 Igla-S
1419:Gordon, Yefim (2004),
530:
447:
279:
68:air-to-surface missile
3919:SS-14 Scamp/Scapegoat
3613:SA-23 Gladiator/Giant
3558:SA-12 Gladiator/Giant
528:
445:
274:
217:Kh-66 :Line-Of-Sight
4339:SSC-8 Stone KB 9M729
4336:SSC-7 Stone KS 9M728
1446:The Military Balance
1442:"Chapter Five: Asia"
1400:Cooper, Tom (2018).
276:K-5M (AA-1 'Alkali')
4432:Vympel NPO products
4299:SSC-2 Salish/Samlet
4203:SS-N-25 Switchblade
4009:SS-X-32Zh Scalpel B
2389:S-350 (50R6) Vityaz
2169:Surface-to-surface
2131:Surface-to-surface
430:Operational history
167:Warhead weight
92:Kh-66 :20 June 1968
42:NATO reporting name
2374:S-125 Neva/Pechora
1254:on August 24, 2005
531:
448:
280:
109:Production history
4409:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4198:SS-NX-24 Scorpion
4162:SS-N-19 Shipwreck
4112:SS-N-7 Starbright
3800:
3799:
3450:'Avtonomya' IR FF
2965:
2964:
2855:
2854:
2745:
2744:
2160:9M730 Burevestnik
1829:
1828:
1167:978-1-55750-268-1
380:K-8 (AA-3 'Anab')
363:However, in 1965
322:K-8 (AA-3 'Anab')
269:
268:
265:M3/20/22/22M3/M4,
183:Solid fuel rocket
117:Yurii N. Korolyov
45:
16:(Redirected from
4444:
4387:SSC-X-9 Stone AN
4345:Klub N/M 3M14/54
4327:SSC-X-5 Scorpion
4208:SS-N-26 Strobile
4167:SS-N-20 Sturgeon
4157:SS-N-18 Stingray
4147:SS-N-16 Stallion
4142:SS-N-15 Starfish
4089:SS-N-5 Sark/Serb
4074:SS-N-3c Shaddock
4020:SS-X-33 Stone AN
4004:SS-X-31 Sickle D
3959:SS-22 Scaleboard
3904:SS-12 Scaleboard
3819:
3818:
3729:SA-N-20 Gargoyle
3663:SA-N-2 Guideline
3491:
3490:
3454:Hermes A/M/K ATS
3327:AS-X-36 Stone AH
3291:AS-28 Strobile A
2999:NATO designation
2992:
2985:
2978:
2969:
2968:
2810:Rocket artillery
2756:
2755:
1838:
1837:
1522:
1521:
1504:
1497:
1490:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1433:
1415:
1411:978-1-912-390328
1388:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1329:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1240:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1186:
1171:
1170:
1151:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1074:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1036:
977:
975:
974:
964:
962:
961:
951:
949:
948:
938:
936:
935:
925:
923:
922:
911:
909:
908:
898:
896:
895:
881:
879:
878:
867:
865:
864:
854:
852:
851:
841:
839:
838:
828:
826:
825:
815:
813:
812:
802:
800:
799:
789:
787:
786:
776:
774:
773:
763:
761:
760:
750:
748:
747:
737:
735:
734:
724:
722:
721:
710:
708:
707:
697:
695:
694:
683:
681:
680:
670:
668:
667:
657:
655:
654:
644:
642:
641:
631:
629:
628:
618:
616:
615:
605:
603:
602:
592:
590:
589:
579:
577:
576:
566:
564:
563:
546:
544:
543:
515:AGM-65B Maverick
303:
224:command guidance
202:
55:
46:
39:
30:
29:
21:
4452:
4451:
4447:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4441:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4401:
4322:SSC-4 Slingshot
4278:
4271:
4267:SS-NX-38 Canyon
4213:SS-N-27 Sizzler
4177:SS-N-22 Sunburn
4172:SS-N-21 Sampson
4127:SS-N-12 Sandbox
4064:SS-N-1 Scrubber
4031:
4024:
3999:SS-X-30 Satan 2
3823:
3810:
3807:
3796:
3764:
3757:
3719:SA-N-12 Grizzly
3704:SA-N-9 Gauntlet
3649:
3642:
3608:SA-22 Greyhound
3495:
3482:
3479:
3472:
3431:AT-13 Saxhorn-2
3359:
3356:
3349:
3285:AS-27 Sunburn A
3170:AS-8 Kokon AT-6
3117:
3114:
3107:
3020:
3012:
2996:
2966:
2961:
2851:
2805:
2751:
2741:
2727:9M133M Kornet-M
2635:
2554:
2550:Kh-47M2 Kinzhal
2540:9M114V Shturm-V
2413:
2277:
2170:
2164:
2132:
2126:
2075:
2004:
1978:
1957:
1825:
1744:
1731:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1470:
1468:
1431:
1412:
1396:
1391:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1357:
1355:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1330:
1277:
1269:
1265:
1257:
1255:
1242:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1223:
1215:
1213:
1205:
1201:
1188:
1187:
1174:
1168:
1152:
1095:
1087:
1085:
1076:
1075:
1062:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1038:
1037:
1010:
1006:
988:
986:Similar weapons
972:
970:
959:
957:
946:
944:
933:
931:
920:
918:
906:
904:
893:
891:
876:
874:
862:
860:
849:
847:
836:
834:
823:
821:
810:
808:
797:
795:
784:
782:
771:
769:
758:
756:
745:
743:
732:
730:
719:
717:
705:
703:
692:
690:
678:
676:
665:
663:
652:
650:
639:
637:
626:
624:
613:
611:
600:
598:
587:
585:
574:
572:
561:
559:
556:
541:
539:
536:
523:
480:(AS-10 'Karen')
440:
432:
424:Kaliningrad K-5
420:Kaliningrad K-8
416:
338:Kaliningrad K-5
334:
261:
242:
240:
226:
221:
214:
212:
192:
190:
175:
95:
93:
89:In service
84:Service history
58:
44:: AS-7 'Kerry')
38:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4450:
4440:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4407:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4376:
4370:
4364:
4354:
4346:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4332:SSC-6 Sennight
4329:
4324:
4319:
4313:
4307:
4302:
4296:
4290:
4283:
4281:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4036:
4034:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3994:SS-29 Sickle C
3991:
3986:
3984:SS-27 Sickle B
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3944:SS-19 Stiletto
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3909:SS-X-13 Savage
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3827:
3825:
3816:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3750:
3739:
3731:
3726:
3724:SA-N-14 Grouse
3721:
3716:
3714:SA-N-11 Grison
3711:
3709:SA-N-10 Grouse
3706:
3701:
3699:SA-N-8 Gremlin
3696:
3691:
3689:SA-N-6 Grumble
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3665:
3660:
3654:
3652:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3598:SA-20 Gargoyle
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3573:SA-15 Gauntlet
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3508:SA-2 Guideline
3505:
3499:
3497:
3488:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3462:
3456:
3451:
3448:
3446:AT-16 Scallion
3443:
3441:АТ-15 Springer
3438:
3436:АТ-14 Spriggan
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3367:
3365:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3336:
3330:
3324:
3322:Kh-74M2 "GZUR"
3319:
3316:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3288:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3266:
3261:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3210:AS-16 Kickback
3207:
3202:
3197:
3195:AS-13 Kingbolt
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3131:14Kh 18Kh RV-1
3125:
3123:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3097:
3096:K-74M2 (R-73M)
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3026:
3014:
3013:
2995:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2972:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2762:
2760:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2419:
2418:Air-to-surface
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2339:9K35 Strela-10
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2285:
2283:
2282:Surface-to-air
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1844:
1842:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1528:
1526:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1452:(1): 218–327.
1434:
1429:
1416:
1410:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1377:
1365:
1339:
1275:
1273:, p. 284.
1263:
1232:
1221:
1199:
1172:
1166:
1093:
1060:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
994:
992:AGM-12 Bullpup
987:
984:
983:
982:
968:
955:
942:
929:
916:
902:
889:
872:
858:
845:
832:
819:
806:
793:
780:
767:
754:
741:
728:
715:
701:
699:Czech Republic
688:
685:Czechoslovakia
674:
661:
648:
635:
622:
609:
596:
583:
570:
555:
552:
551:
550:
535:
532:
522:
519:
518:
517:
502:
487:
481:
471:
465:
455:
439:
436:
431:
428:
415:
412:
369:AGM-12 Bullpup
354:Matus Bisnovat
333:
330:
326:AGM-12 Bullpup
267:
266:
243:
238:
235:
234:
215:
210:
207:
206:
203:
201:Maximum speed
197:
196:
193:
188:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
172:
171:
168:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
130:Specifications
127:
126:
123:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
90:
86:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
64:
60:
59:
56:
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4449:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4417:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4317:
4314:
4312:Schuka KSShch
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4274:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4193:SS-N-23B Skif
4191:
4189:
4188:SS-N-23A Skif
4186:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4152:SS-N-17 Snipe
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4137:SS-N-14 Silex
4135:
4133:
4132:SS-NX-13 Serb
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4117:SS-N-8 Sawfly
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3989:SS-28 Saber 2
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3969:SS-24 Scalpel
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3934:SS-17 Spanker
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3924:SS-15 Scrooge
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3884:SS-8B Sasin 2
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3809:
3803:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3760:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3694:SA-N-7 Gadfly
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3674:SA-N-3 Goblet
3672:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3645:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3603:SA-21 Growler
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3583:SA-17 Grizzly
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3568:SA-14 Gremlin
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3548:SA-10 Grumble
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3469:Iz 85 Kh-MD-E
3468:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3426:AT-12 Swinger
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3416:AT-10 Stabber
3414:
3412:
3411:AT-9 Spiral-2
3409:
3407:
3406:AT-8 Songster
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3391:AT-5 Spandrel
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3333:AS-37 BrahMos
3331:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:Iz 85 Kh-MD-E
3317:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3297:AS-29 Sizzler
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3225:AS-X-19 Koala
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3215:AS-17 Krypton
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3160:AS-6 Kingfish
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3145:AS-3 Kangaroo
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3116:
3110:
3104:
3101:
3099:K-77M (R-77M)
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2993:
2988:
2986:
2981:
2979:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
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2327:
2325:
2324:9K34 Strela-3
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2314:9K32 Strela-2
2312:
2310:
2309:9K31 Strela-1
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2299:2K22 Tunguska
2297:
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2011:
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1447:
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1439:
1435:
1432:
1430:1-85780-188-1
1426:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1386:
1381:
1374:
1369:
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1225:
1212:
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1203:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
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1136:
1134:
1132:
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1128:
1126:
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1120:
1118:
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1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1051:on 2011-07-27
1049:(Word 97 DOC)
1047:
1043:
1042:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
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995:
993:
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989:
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967:
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928:
917:
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884:
873:
870:
859:
857:
846:
844:
833:
831:
820:
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805:
794:
792:
781:
779:
768:
766:
755:
753:
742:
740:
729:
727:
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713:
702:
700:
689:
686:
675:
673:
662:
660:
649:
647:
636:
634:
623:
621:
610:
608:
597:
595:
584:
582:
571:
569:
558:
557:
549:
538:
537:
527:
516:
512:
508:
507:
503:
501:
497:
493:
492:
488:
485:
482:
479:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
459:
456:
453:
450:
449:
444:
435:
427:
425:
421:
411:
409:
404:
401:
396:
394:
390:
386:
381:
376:
374:
370:
366:
365:North Vietnam
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
346:OKB-4 Molniya
343:
339:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
301:
296:
292:
291:
285:
277:
273:
264:
259:
255:
251:
247:
244:
236:
233:
229:
225:
222:Kh-23 :Radio
220:
216:
208:
204:
198:
194:
186:
182:
178:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
128:
125:Zvezda-Strela
124:
120:
116:
112:
107:
103:
99:
91:
87:
82:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
61:
54:
49:
43:
37:
31:
19:
4397:Hermes K ATS
4392:Hermes M ATS
4361:SSC-5 Stooge
4293:SSC-1B Sepal
4182:SS-N-23 Skif
4122:SS-N-9 Siren
3974:SS-25 Sickle
3964:SS-23 Spider
3954:SS-21 Scarab
3929:SS-16 Sinner
3914:SS-13 Savage
3874:SS-7 Saddler
3869:SS-6 Sapwood
3854:SS-3 Shyster
3849:SS-2 Sibling
3831:SS-1 Scunner
3782:53T6 Gazelle
3773:ABM-1 Galosh
3753:Palash/Palma
3684:SA-N-5 Grail
3679:SA-N-4 Gecko
3618:SA-24 Grinch
3593:SA-19 Grison
3588:SA-18 Grouse
3578:SA-16 Gimlet
3563:SA-13 Gopher
3553:SA-11 Gadfly
3528:SA-6 Gainful
3421:AT-11 Sniper
3401:AT-7 Saxhorn
3376:AT-2 Swatter
3371:AT-1 Snapper
3303:Hermes A ATS
3275:AS-26 Kodiak
3242:Kh-59MK2S/69
3190:AS-12 Kegler
3185:AS-11 Kilter
3164:
3150:AS-4 Kitchen
3082:AA-11 Archer
3007:Soviet Union
2759:Air-launched
2464:
2394:S-400 Triumf
2304:Kashtan CIWS
2155:3M-54 Kalibr
1933:RS-28 Sarmat
1632:RSN-225 Azov
1469:. Retrieved
1449:
1445:
1420:
1401:
1387:, p. 64
1380:
1375:, p. 16
1368:
1358:10 September
1356:. Retrieved
1351:
1342:
1333:
1266:
1256:, retrieved
1252:the original
1247:
1224:
1214:, retrieved
1209:
1202:
1196:, 2008-08-01
1193:
1156:
1086:, retrieved
1084:, 1998-02-01
1081:
1053:, retrieved
1046:the original
1040:
913:Soviet Union
886:
712:East Germany
510:
505:
504:
495:
490:
489:
483:
473:
467:
461:
457:
451:
433:
417:
405:
399:
397:
388:
384:
377:
362:
335:
310:AS-7 'Kerry'
309:
304:'Thunder';
289:
287:
283:
281:
227:
122:Manufacturer
101:Used by
96:Kh-23M :1974
78:Soviet Union
57:AS-7 'Kerry'
35:
34:Kh-66/Kh-23
4363:Bastion P/S
4107:SS-N-6 Serb
4084:SS-N-4 Sark
4069:SS-N-2 Styx
4016:/ HGV Yu-7#
3979:SS-26 Stone
3949:SS-20 Saber
3939:SS-18 Satan
3894:SS-10 Scrag
3859:SS-4 Sandal
3623:SA-29 Gizmo
3543:SA-9 Gaskin
3523:SA-5 Gammon
3396:AT-6 Spiral
3386:AT-4 Spigot
3381:AT-3 Sagger
3341:(Kh-72) ASM
3230:AS-20 Kayak
3220:AS-18 Kazoo
3200:AS-14 Kedge
3180:AS-10 Karen
3140:AS-2 Kipper
3135:AS-1 Kennel
3092:AA-13 Arrow
3087:AA-12 Adder
3077:AA-10 Alamo
3032:AA-1 Alkali
3005:and former
2404:M-11 Shtorm
2364:S-25 Berkut
2359:42S6 Morfey
2334:9K333 Verba
1471:7 September
1385:Cooper 2018
1373:Cooper 2018
568:Afghanistan
548:North Korea
462:Izdeliye 68
408:Kamov Ka-29
389:Izdeliye 66
373:Vietnam War
344:'Fishpot'.
332:Development
282:The Zvezda
232:TV guidance
219:Beam riding
189:Operational
94:Kh-23 :1973
4416:Categories
4316:SSC-3 Styx
4305:P-20 Sokol
4051:P-20 Sokol
4046:KS-1 Komet
3899:SS-11 Sego
3889:SS-9 Scarp
3879:SS-8 Sasin
3864:SS-5 Skean
3808:to-surface
3658:SA-N-1 Goa
3638:Sosna-R/RA
3538:SA-8 Gecko
3533:SA-7 Grail
3518:SA-4 Ganef
3503:SA-1 Guild
3345:BrahMos-II
3205:AS-15 Kent
3165:AS-7 Kerry
3115:to-surface
3067:AA-8 Aphid
3057:AA-6 Acrid
3037:AA-2 Atoll
3018:Air-to-air
2559:Air-to-air
2369:S-75 Dvina
2354:Pantsir-S1
2150:3M-51 Alfa
1736:Ship-borne
1525:Land-based
1394:References
1258:2009-02-18
1216:2007-04-15
1088:2009-02-18
1055:2009-02-15
979:Yugoslavia
817:Kazakhstan
607:Azerbaijan
500:Polish SAM
358:AA-6 Acrid
350:Vympel NPO
4310:SSC-K P-1
4102:D-7 R-15M
4042:15Kh 17Kh
3835:SS-1 Scud
3813:full list
3765:ballistic
3737:Greyhound
3485:full list
3362:full list
3355:Anti-tank
3175:AS-9 Kyle
3155:AS-5 Kelt
3120:full list
3072:AA-9 Amos
3062:AA-7 Apex
3042:AA-3 Anab
3023:full list
2640:Anti-tank
2349:9K330 Tor
2289:2K11 Krug
1727:Container
1622:Kabina 66
1466:0459-7222
1271:IISS 2024
521:Operators
393:MiG-21PFM
316:tactical
66:Tactical
4379:SSC-X-15
4373:SSC-X-11
4367:SSC-7/12
4262:SS-NX-37
4244:SS-NX-34
4239:SS-NX-33
4224:SS-NX-28
4218:SS-N-30A
4014:Avangard
3806:Surface-
3668:SA-NX-2C
3513:SA-3 Goa
3478:Surface-
3461:Izd. 305
3315:Izd. 305
3254:Kh-38/36
3052:AA-5 Ash
3047:AA-4 Awl
3010:missiles
2750:Unguided
2732:Kornet-D
2545:Hermes-A
2344:9K37 Buk
2319:9K33 Osa
2294:2K12 Kub
2243:RKV-500A
2133:(cruise)
1943:UR-100MR
1834:Missiles
1749:Airborne
1722:Voronezh
1627:Kasta 2E
1440:(2024).
900:Slovakia
646:Cambodia
633:Bulgaria
438:Variants
352:) under
302:-23 Гром
241:platform
211:Guidance
159:Wingspan
151:Diameter
114:Designer
4369:3M-80MV
4352:BrahMos
4301:AS/KS-1
4279:to-ship
4257:SS-N-36
4252:SS-N-35
4234:SS-N-32
4229:SS-N-29
3845:/-C/-D)
3822:Ground-
3734:SA-N-21
3494:Ground-
3329:(Kh-76)
3235:AS-X-21
3003:Russian
2937:RD-0146
2932:RD-0124
2927:RD-0120
2860:Engines
2752:rockets
2672:9K115-2
2409:Sosna-R
2171:(naval)
1948:UR-100N
1913:RT-2PM2
1518:systems
966:Vietnam
953:Ukraine
869:Romania
843:Nigeria
778:Hungary
765:Germany
752:Georgia
739:Finland
620:Belarus
581:Algeria
534:Current
496:Grom 02
348:(later
295:Russian
230: :
4375:"GZUR"
4357:SSC-10
4349:SSC-13
4343:SSC-14
4318:Rubezh
4040:14KhK1
4030:Naval-
3839:Scud-A
3648:Naval-
3628:Morfey
3480:to-air
3357:guided
3339:Zirkon
3299:Club A
3103:KS-172
2957:RD-500
2952:RD-191
2947:RD-180
2942:RD-170
2922:RD-117
2917:RD-107
2801:RS-132
2737:Hermes
2535:Kh-101
2273:URPK-5
2268:URPK-4
2263:URPK-3
2238:P-1000
2233:P-900A
2145:RSS-40
2122:RSM-56
2117:RSM-45
2066:OTR-23
2061:OTR-21
1974:RSD-10
1953:UR-200
1938:UR-100
1908:RT-2PM
1717:Don-2N
1702:Daryal
1692:Dnestr
1637:SNR-75
1464:
1427:
1408:
1164:
976:
963:
950:
937:
924:
910:
897:
883:Serbia
880:
866:
856:Poland
853:
840:
827:
814:
801:
788:
775:
762:
749:
736:
723:
709:
696:
682:
669:
656:
643:
630:
617:
604:
594:Angola
591:
578:
565:
554:Former
545:
511:Grom 2
506:Grom-B
474:Kh-23L
468:Kh-23M
414:Design
314:Soviet
288:Kh-23
258:MiG-27
254:MiG-23
250:MiG-21
246:Yak-38
239:Launch
228:Grom-B
213:system
180:Engine
143:Length
4295:Redut
4277:Ship-
4220:3M-14
4184:R29RM
4032:based
3824:based
3792:A-235
3787:S-500
3778:ABM-3
3763:Anti-
3748:Redut
3650:based
3633:S-350
3496:based
3465:Kh-50
3308:Kh-50
3293:Kh-61
3287:Kh-41
3280:Kh-90
3271:Kh-50
3269:AS-25
3264:Kh-45
3260:Kh-36
3258:AS-24
3252:AS-23
3248:Kh-32
3246:AS-4M
3240:AS-22
2912:RD-58
2907:RD-45
2902:RD-33
2847:TOS-1
2842:BM-30
2837:BM-27
2832:BM-25
2827:BM-24
2822:BM-21
2817:BM-14
2796:RS-82
2791:RP-21
2786:RP-15
2722:9M133
2717:9M123
2712:9M120
2707:9M119
2702:9M117
2697:9M113
2677:9K121
2667:9K115
2662:9K114
2657:9K112
2652:9K111
2631:R-172
2530:Kh-90
2525:Kh-80
2520:Kh-59
2515:Kh-58
2510:Kh-55
2505:Kh-41
2500:Kh-38
2495:Kh-35
2490:Kh-31
2485:Kh-29
2480:Kh-28
2475:Kh-26
2470:Kh-25
2465:Kh-23
2460:Kh-22
2455:Kh-20
2450:Kh-15
2445:Kh-11
2440:K-10S
2430:KSR-5
2425:KSR-2
2384:S-300
2258:RPK-7
2253:RPK-6
2248:RPK-2
2228:P-900
2223:P-800
2218:P-750
2213:P-700
2208:P-500
2203:P-270
2198:P-120
2140:Burya
2051:R-11A
2031:9K720
2000:RT-15
1928:RT-23
1923:RT-21
1918:RT-20
1898:RS-26
1893:RS-24
1883:R-36M
1848:BZhRK
1712:Volga
1707:Dunay
1697:Dnepr
1667:96L6E
1617:P-100
1532:A-100
1516:Radar
1352:SIPRI
1207:FAS,
1004:Notes
997:AS-20
940:Syria
927:Sudan
830:Libya
791:India
726:Egypt
659:Congo
478:Kh-25
458:Kh-23
452:Kh-66
400:Kh-23
385:Kh-66
284:Kh-66
263:Su-17
252:PFM,
191:range
18:Kh-23
4382:Skif
4287:10Kh
4247:Skif
4097:D-6M
4059:P-47
4056:P-40
3459:LMUR
3313:LMUR
3129:10Kh
3113:Air-
3001:for
2897:R-29
2892:R-25
2887:R-15
2882:R-13
2877:R-11
2872:RD-9
2867:RD-8
2781:RP-9
2776:RP-6
2771:RP-5
2766:RP-1
2692:9M17
2687:9M15
2682:9M14
2626:R-77
2621:R-73
2616:R-60
2611:R-40
2606:R-38
2601:R-37
2596:R-33
2591:R-27
2586:R-23
2435:KS-1
2193:P-70
2188:P-15
2112:R-39
2107:R-29
2102:R-27
2097:R-21
2092:R-15
2087:R-13
2080:SLBM
2071:TR-1
2056:R-17
2046:R-11
2026:9K52
2009:SRBM
1995:R-12
1983:MRBM
1969:R-14
1962:IRBM
1903:RT-2
1888:R-46
1878:R-36
1873:R-26
1868:R-16
1853:GR-1
1841:ICBM
1821:N036
1816:N035
1811:N025
1806:N019
1801:N014
1796:N012
1791:N011
1786:N010
1781:N008
1776:N007
1771:N006
1766:N005
1761:N002
1756:N001
1687:Duga
1682:9S32
1677:9S19
1672:9S15
1662:76N6
1657:64N6
1652:36D6
1647:30N6
1642:1S91
1612:P-80
1607:P-70
1602:P-50
1597:P-40
1592:P-37
1587:P-35
1582:P-30
1577:P-20
1572:P-19
1567:P-18
1562:P-15
1557:P-14
1552:P-12
1547:P-10
1473:2024
1462:ISSN
1425:ISBN
1406:ISBN
1360:2024
1162:ISBN
887:Grom
804:Iraq
672:Cuba
491:Grom
484:A921
342:Su-9
306:NATO
290:Grom
286:and
135:Mass
63:Type
36:Grom
4094:D-6
3670:M-3
2647:3M6
2581:R-8
2576:R-4
2571:R-3
2566:K-5
2183:P-5
2178:P-1
2041:R-2
2036:R-1
2021:2K6
2016:2K1
1990:R-5
1863:R-9
1858:R-7
1542:P-8
1537:P-3
1454:doi
1450:124
387:or
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3745:96
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