414:, and its first Mayor, Adam Sarvant, ten years before London. A castle, built on the orders of King John and bearing his name, was completed around 1200. Under the general peace imposed by Norman rule, Limerick prospered as a port and trading centre. By this time the city was divided into an area which became known as "English Town" on King's Island surrounded by high walls, while another settlement, named "Irish Town", where the Irish and Danes lived, had grown on the south bank of the river. In 1216 King John further granted the areas North (as far as a tributary of the Shannon) and South of the River to City to be known as the "Northern" and "Southern" Liberties. Around 1395 construction started on walls around Irishtown that were not completed until the end of the 15th century.
45:
1316:, had deep foundations stretching back through the 1980s and 1970s. Shipping in Shannon estuary was developed extensively during the period with more than two billion pounds investment. A tanker terminal at Foynes and an oil jetty at Shannon Airport were built. In 1982 a massive alumina extraction plant was built at Aughinish. Now, 60,000-ton cargo vessels carry raw bauxite from West African mines to the plant, where it is refined to alumina. This is then exported to Canada, where it is further refined to aluminium. In 1985, a huge power plant began operating at Moneypoint, fed by regular visits by 150,000-tonne tankers.
633:(previously Georges street) being laid out at this time also and forming the centre of the new town. The earliest Georgian houses are located in John's Square in the Irishtown district of medieval Limerick and along Bank Place, Rutland Street & Patrick Street in the Newtown Pery district which were built by the Arthur family — a prominent Limerick family during the 18th century. Some of Ireland's finest examples of Georgian Architecture can be seen at the Crescent area and Pery Square. A basic sewer system was built in Newtownpery in the reign of
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476:
33:
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343:, King of Leinster, in the year 1058 when Limerick was burned, a punishment he repeated five years later. A year later Diarmait defeated Donnchad again forcing him to flee overseas and installing Turlough instead. Obviously Limerick was of great importance as evidenced by being a contentious issue between neighbouring chieftains and foreigners who burned and pillaged the city. Brian Boru's sons were usually called
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1433:, was completed in 2008 near the Bishop's Quay, overlooking the Shannon. The new wealth not only halted the high levels of emigration chronic through the 1980s, but led to the first large-scale immigration for centuries. The city now boasts a Russian delicatessen, a Chinese supermarket and several South Asian, African and Caribbean food shops. Near the
1025:
designed to hold 120, contained 800 prisoners by
November. The fighting in the city in July 1922, left six Free State soldiers and 12 civilians dead, with a further 87 wounded. The press reports stated that about thirty Anti-Treaty IRA men had been killed but a recent study puts their fatalities at just five.
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party were elected in 1932, Ireland was plunged into a series of "emergencies". De Valera fulfilled an election promise to suspend the payment of land annuities to
Britain, and Britain retaliated by raising import duties on agricultural products to 40%. De Valera swept through the Dáil the "Emergency
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was completed in the south-side by 1827. Wellesley Bridge (later, Sarsfield Bridge) and new wet docks were also built during this time. Chief imports through the port included timber, coal, iron and tar. Exports included beef, pork, wheat, oats, flour and emigrants bound for North
America. Exports of
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were introduced that banned
Catholics from public office, buying freehold land, voting or practising their religion in public, Limerick's position as the main port on the western side of Ireland meant that the city, and the Protestant upper class and the Catholic merchant class, began to prosper. The
425:
Limerick is stronger and more beautiful than all the other cities of
Ireland, well walled with stout walls of hewn marble...there is no entrance except by stone bridges, one of the two of which has 14 arches, and the other eight ... for the most part the houses are of square stone of black marble and
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The army was expanded massively to over 300,000 in preparation for the expected invasion by either
Germany, attempting a stepping-stone approach to the invasion of Britain, or Britain herself, seeking use of the ports. Knockalisheen barracks (later Knockalisheen Refugee Camp) was built near Limerick
649:
The new, broad wide and elegant streets of
Newtown Pery quickly attracted the city's wealthiest families who left the old overcrowded narrow lanes and streets of medieval Limerick (Englishtown & Irishtown) and marked the decline of the ancient and medieval quarter of Limerick. These parts of the
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in 1761. The House of
Industry was built on northern bank of the river in 1774, in part as a poorhouse and infirmary. The late 17th and early 18th century saw a rapid expansion of the city as Limerick took on the appearance of a Georgian City. It was during this time that the city centre took on its
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In 1968, the government published the
Buchanan Report on the regional dimension to economic planning which had largely been ignored. The report recommended on the social and economic sustainability of industry in the regions, which gradually lead to investment and improvement in the Limerick area.
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set in the bridge as a table. The treaty allowed the
Jacobites to leave under full military honours and sail to France. Two days later French reinforcements finally arrived. Sarsfield was urged to continue the fight but refused, insisting on abiding by the terms of the treaty. Sarsfield sailed to
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The Free State forces brought up an 18-pounder gun on the 19th and blasted a breach in walls of the Ordnance Barracks, which they then stormed. The Castle Barracks was captured the following day. The Republicans then abandoned the city, burning the barracks still in their hands. Limerick Prison,
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In Limerick, the first signs of trouble came when the British forces withdrew early in the New Year. Three separate Irish factions rushed in to fill the vacuum: The pro-Treaty Claremen of the First-Western Division under General Michael Brennan, who was asked by the new Free-State government to
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Limerick's farm-based economy was reduced to a state of barter. This was the period during which Ireland's interventionist, control economic style was developed. The Laissez-faireism of the 1920s was abandoned in the face of skyrocketing unemployment, poverty and emigration. The state set up
887:". Special permits, to be issued by the RIC, would now be required to enter the city. In response, the Limerick Trades and Labour Council called for a general strike and boycott of the troops. A special strike committee was set up to print their own money and control food prices.
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I found so great an advantage of getting rid of the pauper population upon my own property that I made every possible exertion to remove them ... I consider the failure of the potato crop to be the greatest possible value in one respect in enabling us to carry out the emigration
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wrote that the Irish had been jealous about their antiquity since the deluge and were ambitious to memorialise important events for posterity. The earliest provable settlement dates from 812; however, history suggests the presence of earlier settlements in the area surrounding
1272:. On 13 March 1965, Guevara suddenly arrived at the airport when his flight from Prague to Cuba developed mechanical problems, and Quinlan was on hand to interview him. Guevara talked of his Irish connections through the name Lynch and of his grandmother's Irish roots in
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and the general population, involving bayonets on the one side and stones and bottles on the other. The troops fired indiscriminately, killing a publican and an usherette from the Coliseum Cinema. The British Government organised a new force to quell the population. The
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city were left to the poorer citizens of Limerick and became characterised by poverty and squalor. Unfortunately some tangible links to Limerick's eventful past were lost as historically important buildings were lost due to lack of maintenance such as the Exchange,
236:, the first bishop of Limerick died in 652, indicating the city was a place of some note. In 812 Danes sailed up the Shannon and pillaged the town, burned the monastery of Mungret but were forced to flee when the Irish attacked and killed many of their number.
724:, the smallest emigrant ship, glide down the Shannon towards the Americas. The latter three ship had 357 people aboard mostly comprising young men and women, depriving Ireland of their vigour and prosperity which they would bring to other nations instead. The
1594:
AI972.3 The capture of Mathgamain son of Cennétig, king of Caisel. He was treacherously seized by Donnuban and handed over to the son of Bran in violation of the guarantee and despite the interdiction of the elders of Mumu, and he was put to death by Bran's
1276:. Later, Che, and some of his Cuban comrades, went to Limerick city and adjourned to the Hanratty's Hotel on Glentworth Street. According to Quinlan, they returned that evening all wearing sprigs of shamrock, for Shannon and Limerick were preparing for the
794:, taking over Limerick's economy, selling shoddy goods at inflated prices paid in instalments. He urged Catholics "not to deal with the Jews." Later, after 32 Jews left Limerick due to the agitation, Fr. Creagh was disowned by his superiors who said that:
688:, to the English ports. Francis Spaight, a Limerick merchant, farmer, British magistrate and ship owner, recorded 386,909 barrels of oats, and 46,288 barrels of wheat being shipped out of Limerick between June 1846 and May 1847. Giving evidence to a
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William St. became a battle zone by 7 p.m. on 11 July 1922, when the Free State troops opened fire on the Republican garrison holding the Ordnance Barracks. In the chaos, Roches Stores, which still stands on Sarsfield St, was looted. On 17 July,
1709:
Downham, pp. 35–42, 240–241, 243 & 274–275; Ă“ Corráin, pp. 98–99. AmlaĂb Cenncairech, Olaf Scabbyhead, is not the first recorded king of viking Limerick as the death of Colla ua Báirid, king of Limerick, is reported in 932; Downham, p.
522:(numbering 14,000) regrouped in behind Limerick's walls. Time and war had led to a terrible decay of the once proud fortifications. The occupying armies are recorded as claiming that the walls could be knocked down with rotten apples. The
933:. IRA reprisals included the unsuccessful attack on six RIC men leaving a pub on Mungret Street and the shooting dead of a Black and Tan on Church Street. A truce between the IRA and the British forces came into effect on 9 July 1921.
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required a great deal of trans-Atlantic trade, and Limerick profited somewhat by this. Many significant public buildings and infrastructure projects were paid for with local trade taxes. The first infirmary was founded by the surgeon
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No statistics exist on how many people in the Limerick area died during the famine. Nationally, the population declined by an average of 20%, half of whom died and half emigrated. While the Great Famine reduced the population of
997:, while annuities would continue to be paid to the British government in lieu of money loaned to Irish tenants under various land acts. De Valera and others virulently opposed the treaty's compromises. The scene was set for the
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to the English throne, and the besiegers fought for a parliamentary republic. Famine and plague led to the death of 5,000 residents before heavy bombardment of Irishtown led to breach and surrender in late October of that year.
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and for some reason destroyed his fleet. However, no battle is actually recorded and so a traditional interpretation has been that AmlaĂb mac Gofraid was actually recruiting AmlaĂb of Limerick for his upcoming conflict with
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caused economic damage to Limerick. Like other cities in Ireland, house prices collapsed by 50% from the pre-crash highs and took more than a decade to recover. As of 2017, the economy is recovering at a steady rate.
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to control communications, media, prices and imports. Ireland, with no native merchant fleet, and no coal, gas, or oil supplies faced hard times indeed. An army officer named Captain McKenna described it as the day
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tradespeople, fleeing persecution in their homeland, began arriving in Limerick in 1878. They initially formed an accepted part of the city's retail trade, centred on Collooney St. The community established a
1570:; and the three ordinances, viz., the banishment of the officials, the banishment of the foreigners from Luimnech, and the burning of the fortress, were enacted by the counsel of the nobles of Mumu, namely,
629:. The town was built in stages as Pery sold off leases to builders and developers who built four- and five-story townhouses in the Georgian fashion with long wide and elegant streets in grid plan design with
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262:, and there are intermittent reports of Vikings in the region later in the 9th century. Permanent settlement on the site of modern Limerick had begun by 922. In that year a Viking jarl or prince called
1198:
and a few related businesses and a few clothing factories, Limerick had no industry. The economy was based on farming and services, fuelled in no insignificant part by remittances from the extensive
742:
Census returns record one Jew in Limerick in 1861. This doubled by 1871 and doubled again by 1881. Increases to 35, 90 and 130 are shown for 1888, 1892, and 1896 respectively. A small number of
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The economy of the Limerick area was largely neglected in the post war period and the city and county became characterised by extremely high emigration and unemployment. With the exception of
763:
for a month. In 1892 two families were beaten and a stoning took place on 24 November 1896. Many details about Limerick's Jewish families are recorded in the 1901 census that shows most were
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926:
1404:. The slums spoken of in the book had long since been removed, and local people were embarrassed by the sudden unflattering discussion of the city. When McCourt wrote the book's sequel,
883:. Following the arrest and death of Robert Byrne, a local republican and trade unionist, most of Limerick city and a part of the county were declared a "Special Military Area under the
658:(with some surviving up to the mid 20th Century) that fronted onto Nicholas Street, Mary Street, Broad Street & Mungret Street that were eventually knocked due to poor condition.
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occupy the city because of doubts about the loyalty of Liam Forde's Mid-Limerick Brigade. In the event the Brigade split into pro- and anti-Treaty factions, the latter led by Forde.
172:, which are closer to the Irish spelling. There are numerous places of the same name throughout Ireland (anglicised as Luimnagh, Lumnagh, Limnagh etc.). According to P W Joyce in
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901:
uprising. An American army officer arriving in Limerick had to appear before the permits committee to get a lift to visit relatives outside Limerick, following which he said,
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attacks and protests. The wife of Lieb Siev and their child were injured by stones and their house damaged by an angry crowd for which the ringleaders were sentenced to
332:
never recovered, and they were reduced to the level of a minor clan; however, they often played pivotal parts in the endless power struggles of the next few centuries.
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1174:." Towards the end of the war, shortages of rubber and petrol particularly ended all non-emergency motorised transport, including rail, to and within the city. Lord
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by simply closing over the gutters. By the time of George's reign, Limerick had 17 gates in the city walls, most of whose names continue in modern city placenames.
1429:). Former city architect, Jim Barrett, led the way in turning Limerick around to face the river. Ireland's third tallest building, the 58-meter-high (190 ft)
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I guess it is some puzzle to know who rules these parts. You have to get a military permit to get in and be brought before a committee to get a permit to leave.
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Shannon Airport also attracted a varied crowd. At this time nearly all transatlantic flights stopped at the airport, the most westerly in Europe, to refuel.
398:, the last styled King of Limerick, burned the city to the ground in 1174 in a bid to keep it from the hands of the new invaders. After he died in 1194, the
203:
Limerick's early history is virtually undocumented, other than by the oral tradition, because the Vikings were diligent in destroying Irish public records.
1461:
Today, Limerick has lifted itself to become the capital of the Mid-west region of Ireland. The city hosts many large US Multinational companies such as
806:, many of whom were also traders, supported the Jews throughout the pogrom, but ultimately five Jewish families left the city and 26 families remained.
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present-day look with the planned terraced Georgian Townhouses a characteristic of the city today. Georgian Limerick dates from this period as part of
2853:
1233:. A few settled, but the majority moved on within a few years to new lives in the UK and North America due to the bad economic situation in Limerick.
802:
suggests the name derives from their previous Lithuanian experience even though no Jews in Limerick were killed or even seriously injured. Limerick's
621:'s plan for the development of a new city on lands he owned to the south of the existing medieval city. In 1765, he commissioned the Italian engineer
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544:, under the command of Sarsfield. The promised French reinforcement failed to arrive from the sea, and following the massacre of 850 defenders on
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gave a speech (in what is now The Strand Hotel on the Ennis Road) cautioning against optimism in the peace process. A few hours later in London,
351:
became King of Munster. His reign was successful, founding monasteries and nunneries, constructing several monuments, including a church on the
1028:
The Civil War ended the following May in victory for the Free State. De Valera and the Republicans would refuse to take their seats in the new
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attacked Limerick, but were driven off. The war between Dublin and Limerick continued until 937 when the Dubliners, now led by Gofraid's son
879:
carried out violent raids on the homes of suspected Sinn FĂ©in sympathisers. Prisoners were interned without trial in Frongoch camp in North
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565:). From 1693 the Papacy supported James II again, and so the treaty was repudiated by the Williamites, for which the city became known as
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530:. In fierce fighting, the walls were breached on three occasions, but the defenders prevailed. Eventually, the Williamites withdrew to
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The same quaysides were the departure point for many emigrant ships sailing over the Atlantic. One week in April 1850 saw four ships,
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328:, and after slaying Ivar, Brian would annex Norse Limerick and begin to make it the new capital of his kingdom. The power of the
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tensions arose between those loyal to the Catholic Church and those loyal to the newly established state religion — the
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In the 15th and 16th centuries, Limerick became a city-state isolated from the principal area of effective English rule, the
303:. The 920s and 930s are regarded as the height of Norse power in Ireland and only Limerick rivalled Dublin during this time.
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921:, known as "the sweepings of English jails", were formed of ex-servicemen. On the night of 6 March 1921, Limerick's Mayor,
897:; however, the high degree of involvement of the Catholic Church shows that it was in fact quite different from the recent
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Lofty building of marble; in the High Street it is built from one gate to the other in a single form, like the Colleges in
359:. However the Danes were still a powerful force who were able to obtain four sequential Danish bishops concentrated by the
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1400:. The book tells of the author's childhood in a rundown and dirty slum of the 1930s and 40s, In 1999, it was made into a
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The Free State government set about rebuilding the county in the spirit of the times, with grand plans and schemes. The
821:. The people of Cork welcomed them into their homes. Church halls were opened for the refugees, many of whom remained.
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Realisation dawned on Ireland that the country was surrounded by water, and that the sea was of vital importance to her
929:, and Volunteer Joe O'Donoghue were murdered in their own homes after curfew. These assassinations became known as the
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220:, showing a place called "Regia" at the same site as King's Island. History also records an important battle involving
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Ships berthed on the Limerick quaysides ready to transport produce from one of the most fertile parts of Ireland, the
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Limerick was besieged several times in the 17th century. The first was in 1642, when the Irish Confederates took the
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visited Limerick as part of his tour of Ireland. He was presented with a locally produced christening robe made of
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1566:. Kl. The burning of the house of Dubchrón Ua Longacháin, in which 70 fell; and the banishment of officials from
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176:, the name "signifies a bare or barren spot of land". Similarly, others have suggested that the name derives from
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837:, grandchildren of the pogrom, would become hugely influential in Irish literature and Irish film, respectively.
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restarted a four-horse stagecoach route to his hotel in Co. Limerick, a sight not seen since the 19th century.
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1425:; many of the older buildings have been replaced, some controversially such as the ancient Cruises Hotel (see
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power station utilising the energy of Ireland's largest river, was begun in 1925. The German electric company
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AI974.5 The son of Bran took the hostages of Mumu from Luimnech southwards, and marched against Mathgamain.
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at 59 feet long could barely hold the 60 passengers and eight crew, yet made eight trans-Atlantic voyages.
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The Limerick Pogrom was the economic boycott waged against the small Jewish community for over two years.
654:(from the siege of Limerick), and a collection of Flemish and Dutch styled housing that started after the
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The Government and the People of Limerick. The History of Limerick Corporation/City Council 1197–2006
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besiegers, while numbering 20,000, were hampered by the loss of their heavier guns to an attack by
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386:(on the left of this photograph), from the 19th century, stands on the site of an earlier bridge.
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Wallace, Patrick F., "The archaeology of Ireland's Viking-age towns" in DáibhĂ Ă“ CrĂłinĂn (ed.),
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were housed in Knockalisheen, near Meelick a few kilometres from the city, following the failed
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149:. The original pre-Viking and Viking era settlement on Kings Island was known in the annals as
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Limerick also had a few famous visitors during this time. In 1963 Irish-American US President
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since 1642 and was garrisoned by troops from Ulster. The Confederates supported the claims of
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route across the Atlantic. During this time, the de Valera government introduced several
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355:, and in his grant bestowing his Limerick Gothic palace to the church he styled himself
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1051:) was awarded the 5.2 million pound contract, providing employment for 750 people. The
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433:, an English-born judge and resident of Limerick, wrote a similar description in 1620:
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set up to manage the project gradually oversaw the electrification of rural Ireland.
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forces returned in August 1691. Limerick was now the last stronghold of the Catholic
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187:, attempted to explain the name in a number of ways, connecting it particularly with
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2704:Ó Corráin, Donnchadh, "Ireland, Wales, Man and the Hebrides" in Peter Sawyer (ed.),
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by 70,000, the population of the City actually rose slightly, as people fled to the
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in 1467. A 1574 document prepared for the Spanish ambassador attests to its wealth:
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2515:"How Limerick went from being whipping boy of the crash to poster boy of recovery"
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AI930.1 Kl. A naval encampment by the foreigners of Luimnech at Loch Bethrach in
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First Citizens of the Treaty City. The Mayors and Mayoralty of Limerick 1197–2007
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gained popular support in Limerick following the repressions and executions of
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order, delivered a fiery sermon castigating Jews for rejecting the divinity of
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who was based at Shannon boasts at having interviewed every US president from
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2482:"The Crash – 10 years on: from wreckage to recovery (of sorts) in six charts"
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161:
160:
The name dates from at least 561, but its original meaning is unclear. Early
81:
61:
1298:
1081:
229:
3729:
3490:
3253:
3136:
3121:
2641:
2428:
1987:
1421:: two new bridges over the Shannon, and a newly opened tunnel complete the
1383:
1308:
1293:
1265:
1261:
1245:
1202:. A few of the many who left became successful abroad, including the actor
1162:
990:
799:
779:
651:
622:
608:
495:
123:
89:
977:, granting limited independence to the southern portion of Ireland as the
868:
325:
3505:
3283:
3233:
3131:
2598:
2486:
1269:
1237:
1207:
1118:
810:
771:
760:
756:
685:
587:
430:
418:
225:
182:
2849:
The Limerick Soviet, 1919 Online edition of Liam Cahill's excellent book
3579:
3263:
3061:
3051:
3046:
3041:
2570:
Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of ĂŤvarr to A.D. 1014.
2552:
Forgotten Revolution: Limerick Soviet, 1919 – A Threat to British Power
1563:
1466:
1438:
1430:
1329:
1130:
1098:
1048:
947:
909:
After 14 days the strike ended with a compromise on the permits issue.
803:
787:
541:
315:
1584:
AI975.1 Kl. Death of Cormac, son of Faelán, by the army of Mathgamain.
755:
of 1884 saw the first of what were to be a series of sporadic violent
625:
to design a town plan on those lands which have since become known as
583:
3574:
3036:
2629:
2144:
1519:
1018:
986:
898:
748:
531:
275:
1862:
851:
453:
remained in control throughout the succeeding centuries. During the
180:
meaning "a bare marsh" or "a spot made bare by feeding horses". The
3028:
2904:
2873:
2257:"Shannon Journal; At Portal to Ireland, Fewer Heaven-Sent Tourists"
678:
446:
329:
212:, the island at the historical city centre. Antiquity's map-maker,
115:
85:
1548:, and Luimnech was burned by him before noon on the following day.
1371:
was a successful teacher training college and was integrated into
1093:
non-agricultural industries such as Turf Development Board (Later
3435:
3363:
3096:
3086:
2769:
Prehistoric and early Ireland: A New History of Ireland, volume I
1861:. National Institute of Health Sciences, Limerick. Archived from
1746:
Cogadh Gaedhel re Gallaibh: The War of the Gaedhil with the Gaill
1589:
AI975.2 ĂŤmar escaped over sea, and Inis Ubdan was captured again.
1567:
1523:
1515:
1482:
1406:
1382:
In 1996, the city had a brief moment of world attention when the
1226:
912:
Open conflict erupted on Roches Street in April 1920 between the
764:
717:
399:
391:
253:
233:
213:
73:
2848:
646:, often requiring the deployment of troops to protect the port.
130:
in 1800. Today the city has a growing multicultural population.
106:
three times in the 17th century, culminating in the famous 1691
64:: "There was an ancient city, very fierce in the skills of war."
2858:
2300:"Harris was one of the most outstanding film stars of his time"
1344:. A science and engineering focused third-level college called
1273:
1114:
438:
279:
217:
141:
originally referred to the general area along the banks of the
2083:
1320:
funding was poured into infrastructure. Industrial estates at
1306:
The seemingly sudden economic growth of the 1990s, termed the
1017:, in command of 1,500 Free State reinforcements equipped with
767:, though a few were described as drapery dealers and grocers.
2839:
Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland (1849)
1175:
1150:'s appeasement policy allowed a climb down. The UK would end
880:
783:
278:, pillaging ecclesiastical settlements. Two years later, the
244:
2242:
Padraig Og O Ruairc, The Battle for Limerick City, p 140–142
441:, so magnificent that at my first entrance it did amaze me.
2771:, pp. 814–841. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
1074:
Imposition of Duties order" imposing reciprocal taxes. The
814:
402:
finally captured the area in 1195, under the leadership of
266:—Thórir Helgason—led the Limerick fleet on raids along the
2028:
Shalom Ireland: a Social History of Jews in Modern Ireland
347:
though their reigns were rather disturbed until 1164 when
548:, the city sued for peace. On 3 October 1691 the famous
2120:. Department of Arts, Sport and Tourism. Archived from
569:
and is a point of bitterness in the city to this day.
572:
490:
from its English garrison. The city was besieged by
1105:was consulted on the building of an airport on the
2638:The Old Limerick Journal, Vol. 22, Christmas 1987.
1893:. Vol. II. London: Samuel Lewis. p. 227.
1790:The Irish chieftains; or, A struggle for the crown
1540:AI967.2 A defeat of the foreigners of Luimnech by
1069:Almost from the moment that de Valera and his new
174:The Origin and History of Irish Names of Places II
122:. Much of the city was built during the following
1675:Downham, pp. 13, 256 & 275; Ó Corráin, p. 92.
1535:, and Derc. Ferna in Osraige was ravaged by them.
1417:The appearance of the city has been undergoing a
3790:
3701:
2783:Anatomy of a Siege: King John's Castle, Limerick
2617:The Lost Years, The Emergency in Ireland 1939–45
1553:AI969.3 Beólán Litil and his son were killed by
731:
378:, built in the 13th century, lies alongside the
2371:John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum
1775:
1773:
1771:
1363:) furthered the area's reputation as Ireland's
1351:, elevated in 1989 to university status as the
3804:Histories of cities in the Republic of Ireland
2328:
2250:
2248:
1911:
1909:
1493:in the city and the city's main thoroughfare,
796:religious persecution had no place in Ireland.
695:inquiring into the famine, Spaight said that:
3687:
2889:
2832:The Diocese of Limerick, Ancient and Medieval
2706:The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings
2691:Angela's ashes : a memoir of a childhood
2673:The Famine Ships: The Irish Exodus to America
2142:
2114:"Louis Marcus resigns as Film Board Chairman"
1973:
1971:
1969:
2363:"A Journey Home: John F. Kennedy in Ireland"
1768:
1158:in exchange for a once-off payment of ÂŁ10m.
840:
2859:Local History and Folklore of Limerick city
2743:, Limerick: Limerick County Council, 2007.
2729:, Limerick: Limerick County Council, 2006.
2572:, Edinburgh: Dunedin Academic Press, 2007.
2419:
2417:
2245:
1957:
1950:
1948:
1906:
1621:
1619:
1574:and Faelán and the son of Bran, and others.
1414:, which painted a better face on the city.
1410:, it was answered with the locally written
1210:, and the school teacher turned memoirist,
426:built in the form of towers and fortresses.
3694:
3680:
3625:Richard Harris International Film Festival
2896:
2882:
2049:"Provosts, Mayors and Lord Mayors of Cork"
1966:
310:, who features prominently as an enemy of
126:prosperity, which ended abruptly with the
2108:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1314:one of the richest countries in the world
1117:was developed as a stopping point on the
557:France with 19,000 troops and formed the
324:. He and his allies were defeated by the
2854:Yahoo Holiday's Guide – Limerick History
2425:"The Night Che Guevara came to Limerick"
2414:
1945:
1616:
1500:
1297:
1080:
946:
850:
770:In 1904 a young Catholic priest, Father
593:
582:
474:
394:to the area in 1173 changed everything.
370:
243:
60:Arms and motto of Limerick, depicted in
55:
43:
31:
2675:, New York: Henry Hold & Co, 1998.
2254:
2077:
1361:Technological University of the Shannon
256:at Limerick is in 845, reported by the
185:(The Metrical Dindsenchas III page 274)
72:stretches back to its establishment by
27:History of the City in Munster, Ireland
14:
3791:
2818:Local Studies at Limerick City Library
2527:from the original on 12 September 2018
2512:
2479:
2255:Clarity, James F. (16 November 1993).
2171:"Mayor of Limeick is Shot Dead in Bed"
2143:O'Connell, Aileen (16 November 2007).
2059:from the original on 25 September 2010
1986:
1802:
1646:
1369:Thomond College of Education, Limerick
985:. The treaty also gifted the ports of
981:, while retaining the six counties of
363:not subservient to the See of Cashel.
48:Plan of Limerick from an engraving in
3675:
2877:
2799:, Glasgow: Fontana Paperbacks, 1982.
2785:, Bray, Co. Wicklow: Wordwell, 2000.
2595:, Limerick: A Watson & Co., 1787.
2392:"Achievements of the Irish Red Cross"
2215:from the original on 23 February 2011
2151:from the original on 22 November 2007
1883:
1125:laws to suppress the IRA and General
598:Borough boundary marker, erected 1842
299:, which would turn out be the famous
2903:
1847:
1161:The following year, the outbreak of
813:, intending to embark on ships from
306:The last Norse King of Limerick was
2757:, Limerick: Celtic Bookshop, 1998.
2635:An Introduction of Limerick History
2494:from the original on 6 January 2018
2329:Sheridan, Anne (8 September 2006).
2090:from the original on 3 January 2009
2078:Raferty, John (27 September 2001).
2038:, published by Gill & MacMillan
1252:and many Soviet leaders, including
471:Sieges of Limerick (disambiguation)
464:
366:
24:
1890:Topographical Directory of Ireland
1855:"Sylvester O'Halloran (1728–1807)"
1721:Scandinavian Antiquities of Dublin
1684:Ó Corráin, p. 99; Wallace, p. 818.
1526:and by the foreigners of Luimnech.
1444:
1225:. From 1956, about 500 Hungarian
829:in 1977, and the Marcus brothers,
825:, a son of this migration, became
573:Georgian Limerick and Newtown Pery
25:
3825:
3337:(Dáil constituency, 2011–present)
2811:
2647:Jews in Twentieth-Century Ireland
2183:from the original on 26 July 2018
2080:"Oughtobiography by David Marcus"
1992:Jews in Twentieth-Century Ireland
1522:at Cell Mo-ChellĂłc by the men of
1463:Johnson & Johnson Vision Care
1455:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn
1186:to house the new defence forces.
1013:arrived in the city as part of a
867:and the independence movement of
239:
84:) in 812, and to the granting of
3540:Catholic Institute Athletic Club
2694:, London: Harper Collins, 1996.
2513:Curran, Richard (15 June 2017).
2480:Taylor, Cliff (6 January 2018).
2310:from the original on 19 May 2008
1826:1620 edited by C.S Falkiner 1904
1357:Limerick Institute of Technology
1144:Anglo-Irish Free Trade Agreement
1058:
893:referred to this committee as a
498:in 1651. The city had supported
198:
2506:
2473:
2457:. 29 March 2009. Archived from
2443:
2384:
2355:
2322:
2292:
2283:
2274:
2236:
2227:
2195:
2163:
2147:. Workers Solidarity Movement.
2136:
2102:
2071:
2041:
2021:
2012:
1980:
1936:
1927:
1924:Laxton (1998), pp. 182, 187–188
1918:
1897:
1877:
1838:
1829:
1816:
1782:
1759:
1734:
1713:
1287:
1165:forced the introduction of the
661:
567:The City of the Violated Treaty
98:ordered the building (1200) of
3343:(Dáil constituency, 1948–2011)
3244:St Michael's Church (Catholic)
2869:Images of Limerick from Flickr
2619:, London: Little Brown, 1997.
2203:"A Chronicle of Limerick Life"
1788:French Blake- Forster (1782),
1703:
1687:
1678:
1669:
1660:
1635:Placenames Database of Ireland
1628:
1607:
1441:, is Limerick's first Mosque.
1101:(airports authority). In 1935
13:
1:
3014:St. Nessan's Community School
2543:
2145:"The Limerick Soviet of 1919"
1437:, and down the road from the
1133:Anti-Fianna Fáil supporters.
936:
751:and a cemetery in the 1880s.
732:Boycott against Limerick Jews
602:While in 1695 the repressive
314:and later his famous brother
2973:College of Further Education
2755:The History of Limerick City
2233:Younger (1979), pp.. 449–450
1859:Sylvester O'Halloran Meeting
1600:
1489:has established a campus on
1451:2008 Global Financial Crisis
7:
3011:St. Enda's Community School
2864:A Brief History of Limerick
2708:, pp. 83–109. Oxford:
2179:. 8 March 1921. p. 1.
1915:Laxton (1998), pp.. 185–187
1542:Mathgamain, son of Cennétig
1514:AI927.2 A slaughter of the
1355:, and the establishment of
1318:European Economic Community
1189:
1109:at Rineanna (later renamed
410:granted the city its first
290:, captured Limerick's king
10:
3830:
3809:History of County Limerick
3799:History of Limerick (city)
1291:
1260:. He also famously taught
1062:
940:
844:
735:
665:
642:food continued during the
590:'s map of Limerick c. 1714
576:
468:
164:spellings of the name are
3763:
3710:
3633:
3595:Athenaeum (Theatre Royal)
3557:
3478:
3428:
3356:
3312:
3206:
3145:
3021:
2937:
2911:
2605:, Paladin: London, 1985.
2331:"Wogan's message to city"
2018:Fisk, (1985), pp. 430–431
1756:. London: Longmans. 1867.
1231:uprising in their country
1167:Emergency Powers Act 1939
993:to the United Kingdom as
847:Irish War of Independence
841:Struggle for independence
792:Catholic Church in France
552:was signed using a large
512:Williamite war in Ireland
339:(Donough), was routed by
232:king, Carthann the Fair.
216:, produced in 150 AD the
166:Limnigh, Limnagh, Lumnigh
3656:Western Railway Corridor
3405:Flight of the Wild Geese
2964:School of Art and Design
2843:The Northmen of Limerick
2652:19 February 2014 at the
1977:Keogh (1998), pp.. 26–30
1963:Keogh (1998), pp.. 12–14
1844:Laxton (1998), pp. 20–21
1795:31 December 2013 at the
1779:Ferrar (1787), pp. 11–12
1726:31 December 2013 at the
1485:in the city centre. The
1435:Crescent Shopping Centre
1427:Architecture of Limerick
1053:Electricity Supply Board
885:Defence of the Realm Act
877:Royal Irish Constabulary
563:Flight of the Wild Geese
361:Archbishop of Canterbury
341:Diarmait mac MaĂl na mBĂł
3565:University Concert Hall
3330:City and County Council
2959:Mary Immaculate College
2823:10 October 2021 at the
2710:Oxford University Press
2585:The History of Limerick
1640:28 January 2012 at the
1142:ended in 1938 with the
1065:The Emergency (Ireland)
321:Cogad Gáedel re Gallaib
312:Mathgamain mac Cennétig
252:The earliest record of
218:earliest map of Ireland
133:
2945:University of Limerick
2451:"Oral History Project"
1824:A Discourse of Ireland
1625:Ferrar (1787), pp. 1–3
1487:University of Limerick
1353:University of Limerick
1303:
1089:
1045:Siemens-Schuckertwerke
1039:, the plan to build a
962:
907:
860:
702:
668:Great Famine (Ireland)
599:
591:
579:Newtown Pery, Limerick
483:
443:
428:
387:
345:Kings of north Munster
249:
224:in 221 and a visit by
65:
53:
41:
3531:Limerick Sport Eagles
3526:Limerick Cricket Club
2982:St. Clement's College
2954:Limerick campus (LIT)
2950:TUS: Midlands Midwest
2841:– contains the essay
2659:Cork University Press
2455:Limerick City Council
1996:Cork University Press
1835:Laxton (1998), p. 184
1698:Annals of Innisfallen
1501:Annalistic references
1396:for which he won the
1301:
1084:
1076:Anglo-Irish Trade War
950:
914:Royal Welch Fusiliers
903:
855:Money printed by the
854:
790:then persecuting the
697:
639:St. Joseph's Hospital
597:
586:
478:
435:
423:
396:Domnall MĂłr Ua Briain
374:
247:
228:in 434 to baptise an
145:, which was known as
59:
47:
35:
3814:Jewish Irish history
3585:Limerick Civic Trust
3558:Culture & Venues
2992:St Munchin's College
2590:26 June 2020 at the
2343:on 28 September 2007
1765:Ferrar (1787), p. 11
1741:Todd, James Henthorn
1507:Annals of Inisfallen
1453:, and the resulting
1206:, the BBC presenter
1015:nationwide offensive
614:Sylvester O'Halloran
518:in 1690, French and
449:. Nevertheless, the
408:Richard I of England
301:Battle of Brunanburh
297:Athelstan of England
155:Inis an Ghaill Duibh
76:as a walled city on
3712:Republic of Ireland
3610:Live at the Big Top
3600:City Gallery of Art
3544:Limerick Racecourse
3229:St John's Cathedral
3219:St Mary's Cathedral
3092:North Circular Road
2987:Laurel Hill College
2797:Ireland's Civil War
2306:. 27 October 2002.
2289:Gray (1997), p. 189
2112:(3 November 1999).
2053:Cork County Council
1954:Keogh (1998), p. 19
1942:Keogh (1998), p. 31
1933:Keogh (1998), p. 11
1813:Kemmy, (1987), p. 4
1751:11 May 2016 at the
1657:Ferrar (1787), p. 4
1148:Neville Chamberlain
965:On 5 December 1921
927:Michael O'Callaghan
656:Glorious Revolution
607:British version of
516:Battle of the Boyne
500:Confederate Ireland
482:, 1st Earl of Lucan
390:The arrival of the
349:Donnchad mac Briain
270:, from the lake of
70:history of Limerick
3590:Millennium Theatre
3465:Limerick Chronicle
3400:Treaty of Limerick
3224:King John's Castle
3007:Castletroy College
2781:Wiggins, Kenneth,
2517:. Irish Business.
2431:. 28 December 2003
2280:Gray (1997), p. 33
1903:Kemmy (1987), p. 5
1304:
1152:economic sanctions
1090:
995:UK sovereign bases
975:Anglo-Irish Treaty
963:
955:, Sarsfield Bridge
861:
827:Lord Mayor of Cork
786:alliance with the
690:British parliament
619:Edmund Sexton Pery
600:
592:
550:Treaty of Limerick
488:King John's Castle
484:
417:The city opened a
388:
376:King John's Castle
335:Brian Boru's son,
292:AmlaĂb Cenncairech
264:Tomrair mac Ailchi
250:
108:Treaty of Limerick
80:(an island in the
66:
54:
42:
38:King John's Castle
3786:
3785:
3704:cities in Ireland
3669:
3668:
3570:Lime Tree Theatre
3446:West Limerick 102
3410:Patrick Sarsfield
3349:(EU constituency)
3239:Georgian Limerick
3153:Athlunkard Street
2795:Younger, Calton,
2753:Spellissy, Sean,
2739:Potter, Matthew,
2578:978-1-903765-89-0
2520:Irish Independent
2304:Irish Independent
1743:(ed. & tr.).
1666:Spellissy, p. 98.
1613:Spellissy, p. 18.
1419:gradual face-lift
1338:Wang Laboratories
1312:, making Ireland
1278:St. Patrick's Day
1250:George H. W. Bush
1103:Charles Lindbergh
744:Lithuanian Jewish
528:Patrick Sarsfield
480:Patrick Sarsfield
459:Church of Ireland
248:Ireland circa 900
36:The 13th-century
16:(Redirected from
3821:
3765:Northern Ireland
3696:
3689:
3682:
3673:
3672:
3521:Old Crescent RFC
3415:Limerick boycott
3214:Fanning's Castle
3188:Sarsfield Street
3158:O'Connell Street
2977:Crescent College
2969:Griffith College
2905:City of Limerick
2898:
2891:
2884:
2875:
2874:
2671:Laxton, Edward,
2568:Downham, Clare,
2537:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2461:on 16 March 2012
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2402:on 31 March 2008
2398:. Archived from
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2339:. Archived from
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2281:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2252:
2243:
2240:
2234:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2214:
2207:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2045:
2039:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2010:
2009:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1964:
1961:
1955:
1952:
1943:
1940:
1934:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1904:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1865:on 30 April 2008
1851:
1845:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1827:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1800:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1766:
1763:
1757:
1738:
1732:
1717:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1694:Annals of Ulster
1691:
1685:
1682:
1676:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1658:
1655:
1644:
1632:
1626:
1623:
1614:
1611:
1555:ĂŤmar of Luimnech
1495:O'Connell Street
1491:Sarsfield Street
1268:and interviewed
1254:Andrey Vyshinsky
983:Northern Ireland
979:Irish Free State
951:Monument to the
943:Irish Free State
738:Limerick Boycott
720:built ship, and
693:select committee
631:O'Connell Street
514:, following the
465:Siege and treaty
406:. In 1197, King
367:Anglo-Norman era
357:King of Limerick
308:Ivar of Limerick
284:Gofraid ua ĂŤmair
259:Annals of Ulster
191:("cloaked") and
114:of the defeated
21:
18:King of Limerick
3829:
3828:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3782:
3759:
3706:
3700:
3670:
3665:
3646:Colbert station
3641:Shannon Airport
3629:
3620:People's Museum
3605:Limerick Museum
3553:
3516:UL Bohemian RFC
3474:
3452:Limerick Leader
3441:SPIN South West
3424:
3420:Limerick Soviet
3352:
3308:
3202:
3141:
3017:
2933:
2907:
2902:
2825:Wayback Machine
2814:
2809:
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1445:Post-2008 Crash
1296:
1290:
1264:how to make an
1219:John F. Kennedy
1196:Shannon Airport
1192:
1154:and return the
1113:), and in 1937
1111:Shannon Airport
1107:Shannon Estuary
1086:Éamon de Valera
1067:
1061:
971:Michael Collins
967:Éamon de Valera
956:
945:
939:
895:Limerick Soviet
890:The Irish Times
857:Limerick Soviet
849:
843:
823:Gerald Goldberg
740:
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675:County Limerick
670:
664:
652:Ireton's Castle
581:
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492:Oliver Cromwell
473:
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282:Vikings led by
274:to the lake of
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222:Cormac mac Airt
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2845:by Timothy Lee
2836:
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2812:External links
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2603:In Time of War
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2580:
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2550:Cahill, Liam,
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2011:
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1998:. p. 51.
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1398:Pulitzer prize
1393:Angela's Ashes
1365:Silicon Valley
1342:Dell Computers
1334:Analog Devices
1292:Main article:
1289:
1286:
1280:celebrations.
1258:Andrei Gromyko
1242:Arthur Quinlan
1204:Richard Harris
1191:
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1063:Main article:
1060:
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1037:Shannon Scheme
941:Main article:
938:
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931:Curfew Murders
919:Black and Tans
845:Main article:
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494:'s army under
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353:Rock of Cashel
241:
240:Viking origins
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2715:
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2686:McCourt Frank
2684:
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2681:0-8050-5844-3
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2015:
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1988:Dermot, Keogh
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199:Early history
196:
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151:Inis Sibhtonn
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82:River Shannon
79:
78:King's Island
75:
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63:
62:stained glass
58:
51:
46:
39:
34:
30:
19:
3749:
3536:Na Piarsaigh
3491:Limerick GAA
3470:RTÉ lyric fm
3464:
3457:
3450:
3279:The Crescent
3254:Thomond Park
3183:Henry Street
2997:Ardscoil RĂs
2929:Architecture
2923:
2842:
2831:
2796:
2782:
2768:
2754:
2740:
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2705:
2689:
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2642:Keogh Dermot
2633:
2616:
2615:Gray, Tony,
2602:
2599:Fisk, Robert
2583:
2569:
2551:
2531:12 September
2529:. Retrieved
2518:
2508:
2498:12 September
2496:. Retrieved
2485:
2475:
2463:. Retrieved
2459:the original
2445:
2433:. Retrieved
2429:The Scotsman
2404:. Retrieved
2400:the original
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2366:
2357:
2345:. Retrieved
2341:the original
2334:
2324:
2312:. Retrieved
2303:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2264:. Retrieved
2260:
2238:
2229:
2217:. Retrieved
2197:
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2174:
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2138:
2126:. Retrieved
2122:the original
2117:
2104:
2092:. Retrieved
2073:
2063:30 September
2061:. Retrieved
2043:
2027:
2023:
2014:
1991:
1982:
1959:
1938:
1929:
1920:
1899:
1889:
1879:
1867:. Retrieved
1863:the original
1858:
1849:
1840:
1831:
1823:
1818:
1784:
1761:
1744:
1736:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1697:
1696:, s.a. 924;
1693:
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1609:
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1588:
1583:
1578:
1561:
1552:
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1504:
1460:
1448:
1423:orbital road
1416:
1411:
1405:
1402:feature film
1391:
1381:
1345:
1309:Celtic Tiger
1307:
1305:
1294:Celtic Tiger
1288:Celtic Tiger
1282:
1266:Irish coffee
1262:Fidel Castro
1246:Harry Truman
1235:
1216:
1193:
1180:
1171:
1163:World War II
1160:
1156:treaty ports
1137:
1135:
1127:Eoin O'Duffy
1122:
1095:Bord na MĂłna
1091:
1068:
1034:
1032:until 1927.
1030:Dáil Éireann
1027:
1023:
1011:Eoin O'Duffy
1007:
1003:
991:Lough Swilly
964:
957:sculpted by
911:
908:
904:
888:
862:
808:
795:
780:Jesus Christ
776:Redemptorist
769:
741:
725:
721:
713:
709:
705:
703:
698:
683:
671:
662:Great Famine
648:
644:Great Famine
627:Newtown Pery
623:Davis Ducart
609:mercantilism
601:
566:
536:
520:Irish forces
509:
496:Henry Ireton
485:
444:
436:
429:
424:
416:
389:
356:
334:
319:
305:
257:
251:
202:
192:
188:
181:
177:
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169:
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159:
154:
150:
146:
138:
137:
128:Act of Union
94:
90:city charter
69:
67:
49:
29:
3702:History of
3506:Shannon RFC
3496:Limerick FC
3304:Milk Market
3299:Abbey River
3284:Pery Square
3234:Hunt Museum
3178:Bedford Row
3132:Thomondgate
2487:Irish Times
1869:23 November
1700:, s.a. 924.
1520:Port Láirge
1379:) in 1991.
1270:Che Guevara
1240:journalist
1238:Irish Times
1208:Terry Wogan
1136:This first
1119:flying boat
1088:(1882–1975)
1078:had begun.
1071:Fianna Fáil
989:, Cobh and
973:signed the
959:James Power
953:1916 Rising
804:Protestants
772:John Creagh
761:hard labour
757:antisemitic
686:Golden Vale
588:Herman Moll
455:Reformation
431:Luke Gernon
404:Prince John
226:St. Patrick
183:Dindsenchas
40:in Limerick
3793:Categories
3615:Public art
3264:Riverpoint
3117:Roxborough
3082:Mayorstone
3062:Dooradoyle
3052:Caherdavin
3047:Castletroy
3042:Ballynanty
2554:, Dublin:
2544:References
2187:23 January
1572:Mathgamain
1564:Bissextile
1516:foreigners
1467:Castletroy
1439:LDS Church
1431:Riverpoint
1390:published
1349:, Limerick
1330:Castletroy
1302:Riverpoint
1099:Aer Rianta
1049:Siemens AG
937:Free State
788:Freemasons
716:, an 1849
679:workhouses
635:George III
604:penal laws
524:Williamite
504:Charles II
316:Brian Boru
272:Lough Derg
230:EĂłganachta
193:luimnechda
189:luimnigthe
178:loimeanach
162:anglicised
3755:Waterford
3634:Transport
3575:Belltable
3501:Garryowen
3207:Landmarks
3072:Irishtown
3067:Garryowen
3037:Annacotty
2938:Education
2630:Kemmy Jim
2266:13 August
1601:Footnotes
1546:Sulchuait
1471:Regeneron
1359:(now the
1139:Emergency
1131:Blueshirt
1123:emergency
1019:artillery
999:civil war
987:Berehaven
899:Bolshevik
869:Sinn FĂ©in
774:, of the
749:synagogue
542:Jacobites
538:William's
532:Waterford
326:Dál gCais
276:Lough Ree
139:Luimneach
96:King John
92:in 1197.
3750:Limerick
3745:Kilkenny
3730:Drogheda
3661:Citylink
3313:Politics
3137:Westbury
3127:Singland
3112:Rhebogue
3002:Villiers
2821:Archived
2712:, 1997.
2661:, 1998.
2657:, Cork;
2650:Archived
2588:Archived
2558:, 1990.
2525:Archived
2492:Archived
2465:16 March
2308:Archived
2210:Archived
2181:Archived
2149:Archived
2128:5 August
2094:5 August
2088:Archived
2057:Archived
1994:. Cork:
1990:(1989).
1887:(1837).
1793:Archived
1749:Archived
1724:Archived
1638:Archived
1562:AI972.1
1475:Eli-lily
1227:refugees
1200:diaspora
1190:Post war
765:peddlers
710:Congress
337:Donnchad
330:Norsemen
124:Georgian
118:leaders
116:Catholic
110:and the
104:besieged
86:Limerick
3773:Belfast
3720:Athlone
3580:Dolan's
3436:Live 95
3377:1650–51
3368:Sieges
3364:Thomond
3357:History
3146:Streets
3102:Plassey
3097:Parteen
3087:Moyross
3057:Coonagh
3022:Regions
2924:History
2435:15 July
2406:15 July
2376:15 July
2347:15 July
2314:15 July
2219:15 July
2155:15 July
1731:, p. 69
1533:Osraige
1483:Verizon
1386:writer
1326:Plassey
1184:Meelick
1146:, when
1047:(today
961:in 1956
859:in 1919
819:America
718:Youghal
714:Triumph
700:system.
510:In the
412:charter
400:Normans
392:Normans
318:in the
254:Vikings
214:Ptolemy
170:Lumnagh
74:Vikings
3740:Galway
3735:Dublin
3107:Raheen
3029:Centre
2919:People
2912:Topics
2834:(1906)
2803:
2789:
2775:
2761:
2747:
2733:
2716:
2698:
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2609:
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2034:
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1799:p. 169
1479:Raheen
1412:Tisn't
1322:Raheen
1274:Galway
1115:Foynes
1097:) and
726:Hannah
722:Hannah
439:Oxford
288:AmlaĂb
280:Dublin
120:abroad
112:flight
52:(1623)
3778:Derry
3479:Sport
3429:Media
3347:South
3320:Mayor
2213:(PDF)
2206:(PDF)
1544:, at
1509:(AI)
1384:Irish
1375:(now
1176:Adare
881:Wales
835:Louis
831:David
800:Keogh
784:usury
554:stone
451:Crown
3725:Cork
3392:1922
3387:1691
3382:1690
3372:1642
3324:list
2801:ISBN
2787:ISBN
2773:ISBN
2759:ISBN
2745:ISBN
2731:ISBN
2714:ISBN
2696:ISBN
2677:ISBN
2663:ISBN
2621:ISBN
2607:ISBN
2574:ISBN
2560:ISBN
2533:2018
2500:2018
2467:2012
2437:2008
2408:2008
2378:2008
2349:2008
2316:2008
2268:2008
2221:2008
2189:2010
2157:2008
2130:2008
2096:2008
2065:2010
2032:ISBN
2000:ISBN
1871:2008
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1595:son.
1568:Mumu
1524:Mumu
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1473:and
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419:mint
168:and
153:and
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2084:RTÉ
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