341:
and with the
Russian people they have ever felt on mutually agreeable terms." Early in 1915, Greenberg and Zangwill lobbied the Foreign Office vigorously opposing Weizmann's World View of a Zionist homeland. More for the fears of failure, and bourgeois retrenchment they calculated the friction with Arab tensions would produce years of conflict. Greenberg disliked the communality of global Judaism. "The Zionist Organization was foreign and was almost entirely controlled from alien-enemy countries." Greenberg expressed the fears of the middle-classes of the destructive influence of militarism. The path according to Greenberg was construed to be assimilationist.
33:
210:(EZF). But Greenberg was an essentially conservative English figure, who rejected the wider radicalism latterly associated during the war with Zionism. Their group was known as the 'London Politicals'. Greenberg remained instrumental in manipulating and 'fixing' contacts. They expressed a desire to preserve the cultural and spiritual heritage of the religion, the synagogues and the Torah. To radicals it was an impassive agenda; but their resistance to the spread of nationalistic ideals would lead to the war against Fascism. On 14 August 1914,
395:, is said to have offered Weizmann anything to show his gratitude. According to legend, Weizmann is said to have replied: "All I want is a homeland for my people". Greenberg, at the same time, was asked: "What can we do to bring American opinion back to supporting Britain?". Greenberg answered: "Give the Jewish people the homeland they have been dreaming of for 2,000 years!". They also asked Greenberg what to do to win back Russian opinion and got the same reply.
415:
live to see the declaration of independent Israel. Greenberg had long subscribed to the intellectual
Zionist Theory that Jews were naturally homeless people, perpetually in search of salvation. This came in the form of Britain's promise of assistance, but anti-Zionist moderates suffered from the different parameters to the revolutionaries.
336:, because of the ill-treatment the Jews had endured. Greenberg even expressed the view in an editorial that Britain should join Austria and Germany in a war against Russia. But once Germany violated Belgian neutrality, Greenberg had to abandon Russian Jewry, and claimed that Britain should join Russia in a war against Austria/Germany.
444:. Greenberg remained a moderating influence, but the Great War changed forever relations within British Jewry. Jibes that he was adopting an English-style manifesto commitment were designs upon integrity. The public debate amongst obsessive secrecy crystallized nationalism, militarism, and the launch of a regiment abroad.
414:
of 1917, Greenberg still kept on sniping at
Weizmann, writing, for example, that Weizmann should have demanded "a Jewish state" rather than a mere "national home" and complaining that Palestine meant "both sides of the Jordan river". That row only ended when Greenberg died in 1931. Greenberg did not
340:
placed a placard outside its London offices reiterating that "England has been all she could be to the Jews; the Jews will be all they can to
England." In a similar vein, on 4 September 1914, the newspaper argued "From the Russian people Jews have never experienced anything but the deepest sympathy,
174:
acquire the weekly. However, when the proposal was put before the 1903 congress, it was rejected, so the idea lapsed. Then, in 1904, Greenberg decided to float a company to finance the purchase. He found four Jewish backers, including
222:, Head of ITO (International Territorialist Organization), also feared Russian Pogroms and the treatment meted out to the 'vile Jew'. Greenberg concurred that the British government had a duty to pressurize the
488:. This would have been a nice irony since the two men had loathed one another. In any event, this solution was over-ruled by the rabbinate. By May 1932, the casket was still in the customs office in
402:
on Sunday 28 January 1917, when the government unequivocally backed military action. Just as
Allenby's army set out from Cairo to conquer Palestine, the British Government issued a statement by the
480:
ground. Letters flew back and forth between London and
Palestine as his son Ivan tried to resolve the impasse. In January 1932, Joe Linton, one of Weizmann's aides, suggested burying the casket in
253:. Chamberlain later rose to become Secretary for the Colonies in 1902, and Greenberg felt he could approach him with the request that he give the Jewish people a homeland, somewhere in the
226:
to desist from the murder of civilians. But the government's immediate concerns prevented intervention on behalf of Austro-Jews or
Russian Jews: intellectual opposition continued.
199:
207:
348:
first decided to attack Turkey, but that operation was a disaster. Then the
British decided they would invade the Turkish colonies and promise the Arabs home rule. Col.
138:. Greenberg made friends with many political figures in Great Britain at the turn of the twentieth century. This enabled him to partly fulfill the wishes and dreams of
273:. The heat and lack of water made it impractical to support a large population, so the offer fell through. Then, in 1903, Chamberlain offered Greenberg the colony of
105:
822:
146:
acceptance by
British Jews; in 1900, 99% of the community were indifferent to the idea. But Greenberg, who had edited a monthly magazine in the 1890s called
190:
s editor in 1907, a position he held the rest of his life. Greenberg became the new proprietor and editor. He remained a friend and powerful ally of Dr
134:
in 1861, the son of Simeon
Greenberg, a successful jewellery manufacturer. He was educated in London, at a private Jewish school in Maida Vale, then at
391:. As the British war effort was almost at a standstill for the lack of acetate, Weizmann's discovery assumed capital importance. The Prime Minister,
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take control. American opinion turned against Britain, and the Americans were even considering entering the war on the side of Germany.
807:
832:
827:
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492:, and officials threatened to throw it out if something was not done about it. Eventually, through the combined efforts of
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368:. Still the Americans were neutral. While in Russia, there had been a revolution that had removed the hated Czar and seen
122:, the leading paper in Britain for the Jewish community. Greenberg called for decency and humanity towards World Jewry.
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After Herzl's death, the Zionist movement languished, with only a small bureau of Herzl's followers remaining in
812:
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and took vital steps to secure its future as the sole voice of the British Jewish community, assisted by
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In 1916, America remained neutral. Britain was virtually exhausted. A new front had to be opened. The
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113:
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322:
176:
135:
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218:"England has been all she could be to the Jews; the Jews will be all they can be to England."
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who had recently returned from South Africa with considerable substance. Greenberg became the
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At this point, Weizmann made an interesting discovery: he found it was possible to extract
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100:(1861–1931), was a British journalist. He had become an energetic propagandist of the new
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and the Conjoint Committee had tried to limit damage to their cause, but a statement in
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361:
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Lucien Wolf Papers, Yivo Institute, New York City and Central Zionist Archive, Israel
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Propaganda Committee. His frequent dialectical debates were conducted as editor of
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of 24 May 1917 revealed the extent of the split in Jewry about Zionist ambitions.
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Zionists all rejected it saying with great force, "Israel or nothing" at the 1904
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246:. They had established a good relationship long before he became prime minister.
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province, so Chamberlain was unable to help. But he did offer the Jewish people
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played a key part and the British used Egypt as their base to invade
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The lawyer Greenberg chose to draw up the Articles of Association of
142:, whom he invited to his home in London. His primary aim was to gain
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Greenberg stressed the need for a platform. So, when he heard that
647:. The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot. Archived from
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Another close acquaintance of his and Liberal Unionist MP was
645:"Leopold Jacob Greenberg (1861–1931), journalist and Zionist"
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Leonard Stein Papers, New Bodleian Library, Oxford University
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and his remains buried, without any religious ceremony, near
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496:(later Foreign Minister and Prime Minister of Israel) and
410:, offering a Jewish national home in Palestine. After the
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in Palestine. The casket containing his ashes arrived in
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Israel Zangwill Papers, Central Zionist Archive, Israel
504:, a resting place for Greenberg's remains was found at
398:
Greenberg was present at an important meeting with Sir
364:, Palestine being put in the trusted hands of General
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as a Jewish home. That had a better climate, but the
580:
Trial and Error, the Autobiography of Chaim Weizmann
452:Greenberg had expressed the wish that he should be
202:in Britain. But in 1914, his closest associate was
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582:. First edition. New York: Harper and Brothers.
561:The Jewish Chronicle and Anglo-Jewry 1841–1991
332:had been unrestrained in its criticism of the
206:, a manufacturer of shirts, and president of
823:People educated at University College School
289:. The Western concept of Zionism, headed by
433:quickly issued rebuttals, that did harm to
31:
563:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
472:insisted that since Jewish law prohibits
242:Member of Parliament (MP) by the name of
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500:, both high-ranking officials in the
269:in 1901, as that was distinct from
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723:Stein, Balfour Declaration, p.367
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293:, was foreign to Russian Jewry.
125:
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166:was being sold, he proposed to
150:, disseminated the philosophy.
112:were elected as members of the
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16:British journalist (1861–1931)
1:
808:British people of World War I
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200:Chief Rabbi of Sephardic Jews
833:20th-century British writers
828:19th-century British writers
622:History of Zionism 1600–1918
476:, it could not be buried in
257:, preferably in what is now
7:
305:. On the other side of the
261:. But that territory was a
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464:in November 1931, but the
440:s claim to be a voice for
208:English Zionist Federation
172:World Zionist Organization
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547:British Newspaper Archive
136:University College School
108:in 1899, at which he and
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798:British male journalists
578:Weizmann, Chaim (1949).
559:Cesarani, David (1994).
552:
484:'s private garden near
98:Leopold Jacob Greenberg
634:Cesarani (1994), p.107
427:Lord Walter Rothschild
214:published Greenberg's
106:Third Zionist Congress
283:World Jewish Congress
759:The Jewish Chronicle
543:The Jewish Chronicle
508:by the shore of the
435:The Jewish Chronicle
429:and Zionist leader,
383:, needed to produce
338:The Jewish Chronicle
330:The Jewish Chronicle
311:The Jewish Chronicle
236:The Jewish Chronicle
230:Political persuasion
212:The Jewish Chronicle
163:The Jewish Chronicle
155:The Jewish Chronicle
119:The Jewish Chronicle
687:Cesarani 1994 p.101
412:Balfour Declaration
309:, Greenberg edited
813:Writers on Zionism
732:Schneer, pp.309–11
696:Weizmann 1949 p.73
651:on 19 October 2008
393:David Lloyd George
251:Joseph Chamberlain
244:David Lloyd George
104:in England by the
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767:Succeeded by
714:Schneer, pp.143–4
404:Foreign Secretary
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506:Kibbutz Degania
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328:Prior to 1914,
323:Leopold Kessler
307:English Channel
299:
297:First World War
232:
220:Israel Zangwill
194:, known as the
187:
181:mining engineer
177:Leopold Kessler
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130:He was born in
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94:L. J. Greenberg
67:Kibbutz Degania
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25:L. J. Greenberg
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510:Sea of Galilee
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448:Delayed burial
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431:Chaim Weizmann
408:Arthur Balfour
366:Edmund Allenby
350:T. E. Lawrence
334:Russian Empire
298:
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255:British Empire
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224:Tsarist regime
216:faute de mieux
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86:Ivan Greenberg
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126:Early Zionism
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110:Jacob de Haas
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63:Resting place
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653:. Retrieved
649:the original
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516:Bibliography
486:Mount Scopus
458:Mount Scopus
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337:
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319:Joseph Cowen
315:Jacobus Kann
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204:Joseph Cowen
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192:Moses Gaster
184:
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148:Young Israel
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117:
97:
93:
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793:1931 deaths
788:1861 births
750:Asher Myers
521:Manuscripts
478:consecrated
442:Anglo-Jewry
417:Lucien Wolf
782:Categories
764:1907–1931
756:Editor of
604:References
588:B000P3VU1A
537:Newspapers
400:Mark Sykes
374:Bolsheviks
132:Birmingham
77:Journalist
74:Occupation
47:Birmingham
474:cremation
470:Jerusalem
422:The Times
389:chestnuts
362:Palestine
185:Chronicle
170:that the
466:Orthodox
454:cremated
385:dynamite
372:and his
82:Children
69:, Israel
655:3 April
387:, from
381:acetate
279:Russian
263:Turkish
240:Liberal
144:Zionism
102:Zionism
96:, born
596:512638
594:
586:
567:
346:Allies
321:, and
303:Vienna
275:Uganda
259:Israel
238:was a
49:, U.K.
553:Books
490:Haifa
462:Haifa
438:'
370:Lenin
358:Syria
291:Herzl
287:Basel
271:Egypt
267:Sinai
198:, or
196:haham
188:'
168:Herzl
657:2008
592:OCLC
584:ASIN
565:ISBN
360:and
354:Iraq
179:, a
114:ZO's
58:1931
55:Died
43:1861
40:Born
285:in
784::
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590:.
545:,
512:.
406:,
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317:,
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598:.
573:.
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