3884:
7713:
2818:
173:) per kilogram. Stating it this way allows the relative toxicity of different substances to be compared and normalizes for the variation in the size of the animals exposed (although toxicity does not always scale simply with body mass). For substances in the environment, such as poisonous vapors or substances in water that are toxic to fish, the concentration in the environment (per cubic metre or per litre) is used, giving a value of LC
3876:
7737:
7725:
281:) is the number of organisms received by a person or test animal qualified by the route of administration (e.g., 1,200 org/man per oral). Because of the difficulties in counting actual organisms in a dose, infective doses may be expressed in terms of biological assay, such as the number of LD
2869:
value of more than 90 g/kg; a difference of about 1 in 100 billion, or 11 orders of magnitude. As with all measured values that differ by many orders of magnitude, a logarithmic view is advisable. Well-known examples are the indication of the earthquake strength using the
3385:
3377:
305:
is somewhat unreliable and results may vary greatly between testing facilities due to factors such as the genetic characteristics of the sample population, animal species tested, environmental factors and mode of administration.
5007:
3694:
A.A. Babayan, A.V.Aleksandryan, "Toxicological characteristics of melamine cyanurate, melamine and cyanuric acid", Zhurnal
Eksperimental'noi i Klinicheskoi Meditsiny, Vol.25, 345–9 (1985). Original article in
6398:
van den Heuvel MJ, Clark DG, Fielder RJ, Koundakjian PP, Oliver GJ, Pelling D, et al. (July 1990). "The international validation of a fixed-dose procedure as an alternative to the classical LD50 test".
251:
agents, and dosages are typically qualified by rates of breathing (e.g., resting = 10 L/min) for inhalation, or degree of clothing for skin penetration. The concept of Ct was first proposed by
180:
The choice of 50% lethality as a benchmark avoids the potential for ambiguity of making measurements in the extremes and reduces the amount of testing required. However, this also means that LD
226:/60 are used to refer to a dose that without treatment will be lethal to 50% of the population within (respectively) 30 or 60 days. These measures are used more commonly within radiation
6508:
Lipnick RL, Cotruvo JA, Hill RN, Bruce RD, Stitzel KA, Walker AP, et al. (March 1995). "Comparison of the up-and-down, conventional LD50, and fixed-dose acute toxicity procedures".
6434:
Lipnick RL, Cotruvo JA, Hill RN, Bruce RD, Stitzel KA, Walker AP, et al. (March 1995). "Comparison of the up-and-down, conventional LD50, and fixed-dose acute toxicity procedures".
5485:
Sheumack DD, Baldo BA, Carroll PR, Hampson F, Howden ME, Skorulis A (1984). "A comparative study of properties and toxic constituents of funnel web spider (Atrax) venoms".
5442:
Inns RH, Tuckwell NJ, Bright JE, Marrs TC (July 1990). "Histochemical demonstration of calcium accumulation in muscle fibres after experimental organophosphate poisoning".
4573:
4602:
5915:
5070:
3482:
Toskulkao C, Chaturat L, Temcharoen P, Glinsukon T (1997). "Acute toxicity of stevioside, a natural sweetener, and its metabolite, steviol, in several animal species".
5003:
4828:
2841:) on a linearized toxicity scale encompassing 11 orders of magnitude. Water occupies the lowest toxicity position (1) while the toxicity scale is dominated by the
3242:
2948:
A number of procedures have been defined to derive the LD50. The earliest was the 1927 "conventional" procedure by Trevan, which requires 40 or more animals. The
4005:
3585:
2933:
3523:. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. June 1995. p. 47. Archived from
4237:
6153:
5663:
Blayney MB (February 2001). "The need for empirically derived permeation data for personal protective equipment: the death of Dr. Karen E. Wetterhahn".
4034:
5698:
Milbrath DS, Engel JL, Verkade JG, Casida JE (February 1979). "Structure--toxicity relationships of 1-substituted-4-alkyl-2,6,7-trioxabicyclooctanes".
2905:
The dimensionless value found can be entered in a toxin scale. Water as the baseline substance is neatly 1 in the negative logarithmic toxin scale.
6469:
Lichtman AH (August 1998). "The up-and-down method substantially reduces the number of animals required to determine antinociceptive ED50 values".
6175:
3940:
3206:
4417:
3905:
Rosenkrantz H, Heyman IA, Braude MC (April 1974). "Inhalation, parenteral and oral LD50 values of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in
Fischer rats".
266:, are rapidly detoxified by the human body, and do not follow Haber's law. So, in these cases, the lethal concentration may be given simply as LC
3406:
3155:
2952:, proposed in 1984, estimates a level of toxicity by feeding at defined doses and looking for signs of toxicity (without requiring death). The
259:, which assumes that exposure to 1 minute of 100 mg/m is equivalent to 10 minutes of 10 mg/m (1 Ă— 100 = 100, as does 10 Ă— 10 = 100).
6291:
6126:
4127:
113:
is occasionally used in the same sense, in particular with translations of foreign language text, but can also refer to a sublethal dose. LD
4443:
DDT: The
Insecticide Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and Its Significance / Das Insektizid Dichlordiphenyltrichloräthan und Seine Bedeutung
6016:"Update on methodologies available for ciguatoxin determination: perspectives to confront the onset of ciguatera fish poisoning in Europe"
3207:"Allergan Receives FDA Approval for First-of-Its-Kind, Fully in vitro, Cell-Based Assay for BOTOX and BOTOX Cosmetic (onabotulinumtoxinA)"
5028:
4718:"How much nicotine kills a human? Tracing back the generally accepted lethal dose to dubious self-experiments in the nineteenth century"
4055:
6320:
4800:
247:
is the dose that will cause incapacitation rather than death. These measures are commonly used to indicate the comparative efficacy of
241:, which relates to lethal dosage from exposure, where C is concentration and t is time. It is often expressed in terms of mg-min/m. ICt
5127:
4157:
5289:
309:
There can be wide variability between species as well; what is relatively safe for rats may very well be extremely toxic for humans (
4889:
4318:
4261:
4674:
277:
For disease-causing organisms, there is also a measure known as the median infective dose and dosage. The median infective dose (ID
6130:
5346:
4920:
4532:
4937:
6547:
5193:
4565:
3832:
3707:
3184:
7688:
6578:
5101:
4594:
4098:
3854:
3803:
3747:
3661:
3326:
5919:
4981:
6225:
5647:
5414:"CDC - Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH): Chlorine trifluoride - NIOSH Publications and Products"
5321:
5063:
4640:
4458:
4184:
3724:
3637:
5764:
5253:
4120:
3517:
7406:
6670:
6635:
5824:"Risks for public health related to the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) and TTX analogues in marine bivalves and gastropods"
4867:
4839:
3548:
3098:
3055:
319:
289:
infective dosage is the number of infective doses per cubic metre of air times the number of minutes of exposure (e.g., ICt
184:
is not the lethal dose for all subjects; some may be killed by much less, while others survive doses far higher than the LD
4776:
4204:
5421:
196:" (dosage required to kill 1% or 99%, respectively, of the test population) are occasionally used for specific purposes.
3606:
3264:
3232:
7364:
5237:
4959:
3355:
3997:
3768:
7773:
7627:
5397:
6918:
3577:
7778:
7741:
7354:
5733:
4482:
3049:
2358:
4503:
3756:
The oral LD50 values for the test material, IMPA, were 7650 and 6070 mg/kg for male and female rats, respectively.
7294:
6787:
6382:
5785:) as undesirable substances in animal feed - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain".
4226:
3975:
1361:
7698:
7602:
7349:
7045:
6956:
6822:
6150:
5377:. Translation Series. United States Atomic Energy Commission (published April 1974). p. 220. AEC-tr-7512.
4553:
7274:
6899:
4699:
4026:
363:
5522:"Toxicity of the organophosphate chemical warfare agents GA, GB, and VX: implications for public protection"
6827:
6217:
6211:
3015:
920:
122:
7729:
7017:
5822:
Knutsen HK, Alexander J, BarregĂĄrd L, Bignami M, BrĂĽschweiler B, Ceccatelli S, et al. (April 2017).
338:
are specialized predators on mice, and their venom may be adapted specifically to incapacitate mice; and
274:
for toxic substances frequently use this form of the term even if the substance does follow Haber's law.
6752:
6571:
6186:
3951:
3210:
2199:
1676:
271:
145:
is usually expressed as the mass of substance administered per unit mass of test subject, typically as
109:
is generally attributed to John
William Trevan. The test was created by J. W. Trevan in 1927. The term
4406:
7647:
7264:
7012:
7006:
3417:
2975:
5799:
3127:
3120:
2879:
334:
results may be misleading due to the physiological differences between mice, rats, and humans. Many
7763:
7637:
7622:
7449:
7399:
7329:
7031:
6014:
Caillaud A, de la
Iglesia P, Darius HT, Pauillac S, Aligizaki K, Fraga S, et al. (June 2010).
3270:. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-119. Archived from
2161:
1327:
6299:
7768:
7485:
7439:
7080:
6842:
6837:
6747:
6665:
7642:
7586:
7216:
6977:
6952:
6887:
6776:
6660:
5794:
3044:
5368:
5039:
4174:
7607:
7324:
7116:
6595:
6564:
5004:"Chlorotoxin: A Helpful Natural Scorpion Peptide to Diagnose Glioma and Fight Tumor Invasion"
4066:
3265:"Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) / Comprehensive Guide to the RTECS"
2994:
2953:
2769:
2462:
1219:
1139:
31:
4804:
318:), and vice versa. For example, chocolate, comparatively harmless to humans, is known to be
90:
required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration. LD
7505:
7359:
7221:
7131:
6972:
6852:
6620:
5342:
5124:
4154:
3078:
2949:
2116:
2089:
1922:
1877:
521:
315:
17:
5276:
350:
results may or may not have equal bearing upon every mammal species, such as humans, etc.
8:
7783:
7717:
7464:
7454:
7392:
7269:
7157:
7126:
6772:
6732:
6655:
4897:
4325:
4269:
3862:
2385:
1435:
1163:
204:
200:
87:
4342:
7668:
7652:
7459:
7429:
7239:
7189:
7090:
6882:
6782:
6703:
6615:
6362:
6267:
6242:
6116:
6093:
6066:
6042:
6015:
5974:
5863:
5850:
5823:
5639:
5607:
5582:
5546:
5521:
5467:
5284:
5170:
5145:
4742:
4717:
4651:
4540:
4385:
4121:
Reregistration
Eligibility Decision for Alkyl Dimethyl Benzyl Ammonium Chloride (ADBAC)
2970:
2789:
2744:
2222:
1976:
1256:
815:
438:
286:
231:
79:
6482:
5146:"Research progress of aconitine toxicity and forensic analysis of aconitine poisoning"
4945:
4917:
4632:
3556:
756:
7566:
7234:
7095:
7085:
6913:
6907:
6742:
6544:
6525:
6521:
6486:
6451:
6447:
6416:
6412:
6366:
6272:
6221:
6098:
6047:
5966:
5961:
5944:
5855:
5715:
5711:
5680:
5643:
5612:
5551:
5502:
5498:
5459:
5393:
5233:
5204:
5175:
5094:
4747:
4693:
4656:
4636:
4454:
4441:
Hayes WJ, Simmons SW, Knipling EF (1959). "Dose-Mortality
Relationships in Animals".
4377:
4300:
4296:
4180:
3922:
3918:
3840:
3811:
3704:
3552:
3499:
3464:
3176:
3147:
3009:
2999:
2822:
2405:
1902:
1480:
1182:
1079:
1004:
958:
371:
5978:
5867:
5471:
5125:
INCHEM: Chemical Safety
Information from Intergovernmental Organizations: Strychnine
4389:
4090:
3751:
3669:
3334:
3301:
2936:(OECD) abolished the requirement for the oral test in 2001 (see Test Guideline 401,
7617:
7551:
7500:
7444:
7279:
7167:
7162:
6962:
6932:
6718:
6698:
6680:
6517:
6478:
6443:
6408:
6354:
6262:
6254:
6088:
6078:
6037:
6027:
5956:
5894:
5845:
5835:
5804:
5707:
5672:
5635:
5630:
Madore F, Bouchard J (2019). "Plasmapheresis in Acute
Intoxication and Poisoning".
5602:
5594:
5541:
5533:
5494:
5487:
Comparative
Biochemistry and Physiology. C, Comparative Pharmacology and Toxicology
5451:
5165:
5157:
4989:
4737:
4729:
4646:
4628:
4446:
4373:
4369:
4292:
4130:
Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances. p. 114. Archived from
3914:
3491:
3454:
3139:
3004:
2689:
2486:
2333:
2180:
1853:
1790:
1695:
1503:
1484:
852:
263:
248:
118:
5313:
5161:
3732:
3644:
203:; for instance, many substances are less toxic when administered orally than when
7632:
7612:
7495:
7319:
7194:
7022:
6982:
6967:
6675:
6625:
6551:
6386:
6157:
5768:
5761:
5372:
5131:
4924:
4161:
4131:
3711:
3524:
3237:
2956:, proposed in 1985, yields an LD50 value while dosing only one animal at a time.
2854:
2842:
2764:
2694:
2644:
2242:
1733:
1539:
1521:
705:
6877:
4863:
4450:
4200:
3106:
7571:
7525:
7520:
7490:
7469:
7309:
7289:
7208:
7050:
6792:
6737:
5945:"Ligands for in vivo imaging of nicotinic receptor subtypes in Alzheimer brain"
5587:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
5455:
4765:
2965:
2925:
2917:
2550:
1952:
1748:
1282:
882:
335:
256:
227:
95:
5995:
Patocka J, Streda L (2002). "Brief review of natural nonprotein neurotoxins".
5413:
4733:
3495:
3271:
2878:, as a measure for the acidic or basic character of an aqueous solution or of
7757:
7683:
7581:
7434:
7314:
6801:
6708:
5840:
3613:
3459:
3442:
3151:
2913:
2871:
2739:
2482:
2409:
2310:
1461:
687:
5808:
5676:
5598:
5261:
4967:
3363:
7576:
7284:
7244:
7145:
7069:
6947:
6630:
6587:
6490:
6358:
6276:
6102:
6051:
5970:
5859:
5684:
5616:
5179:
4751:
4660:
4381:
4304:
3779:
3468:
3143:
2659:
2381:
2362:
1638:
1041:
6529:
6455:
6420:
5555:
5506:
5463:
3926:
3503:
7678:
7510:
7369:
6856:
6832:
6258:
5719:
3039:
2798:
2714:
2457:
2435:
2059:
2041:
1948:
1809:
1767:
1579:
1134:
939:
252:
170:
75:
53:
5741:
5537:
4511:
7673:
7415:
7249:
7181:
7073:
6848:
5899:
5882:
5374:
Distribution, Biological Effects, and Migration of Radioactive Isotopes
4627:. International Review of Neurobiology. Vol. 88. pp. 65–100.
4474:
2920:
groups, such as Animal Rights International, have campaigned against LD
2633:
2579:
2509:
2431:
2157:
1872:
1832:
1634:
1615:
1399:
1159:
1073:
601:
540:
484:
71:
38:
6379:
6083:
6032:
3983:
3183:. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety. 5 October 2021.
2978:– the toxicology adage that high quantities of any substance is lethal
2890:
values, which is standardized in kg per kg body weight, is considered
211:
figures are often qualified with the mode of administration, e.g., "LD
7561:
7027:
6397:
4623:
Kiyatkin EA, Sharma HS (2009). "Acute Methamphetamine Intoxication".
2637:
2602:
2583:
2546:
2015:
1996:
1971:
1897:
1597:
1023:
639:
582:
162:
158:
146:
3481:
2817:
94:
figures are frequently used as a general indicator of a substance's
7556:
7149:
7121:
7108:
6797:
6013:
5583:"Gene family encoding the major toxins of lethal Amanita mushrooms"
3105:. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Archived from
2875:
2719:
2607:
2291:
2217:
1827:
1771:
1558:
1238:
1201:
1130:
1068:
833:
779:
563:
339:
154:
150:
6321:"Radiation Exposure - Dose and Dose Rate (the Gray & Sievert)"
3748:
Mammalian Toxological Evaluation of DIMP and DCBP (Phase 3 – IMPA)
7693:
6610:
6121:
2883:
1726:
1417:
1380:
901:
797:
724:
620:
502:
465:
358:
Note: Comparing substances (especially drugs) to each other by LD
5821:
4360:
Gable RS (September 2004). "Acute toxic effects of club drugs".
362:
can be misleading in many cases due (in part) to differences in
270:
and qualified by a duration of exposure (e.g., 10 minutes). The
177:. But in this case, the exposure time is important (see below).
7515:
6556:
5232:. Vol. 99. Willoughby, Ohio: Meister Pub Co. p. 664.
4201:"Material Safety Data Sheet: Hydrochloric acid 32-38% solution"
3069:
1657:
544:
343:
3664:. 2015-03-06. Section 11: Toxicological Information for the LD
370:). Therefore, it is more useful to compare such substances by
7535:
7530:
7384:
5581:
Hallen HE, Luo H, Scott-Craig JS, Walton JD (November 2007).
2862:
2505:
2438:
2412:
2329:
2139:
1099:
760:
327:
323:
130:
7002:
6895:
6891:
6693:
5484:
4283:
Boyd EM (May 1959). "The acute oral toxicity of caffeine".
3030:
3021:
2989:
2272:
2022:
2019:
1308:
657:
166:
7068:
6067:"Palytoxin and analogs: biological and ecological effects"
5697:
5580:
2861:
value of 1 ng/kg, while the most non-toxic substance
234:, as survival beyond 60 days usually results in recovery.
7342:
5144:
Gao X, Hu J, Zhang X, Zuo Y, Wang Y, Zhu S (2018-04-09).
985:
311:
7144:
4027:"Ibuprofen – National Library of Medicine HSDB Database"
3705:
Advanced Search – Alfa Aesar – A Johnson Matthey Company
2886:. In this case, the negative decimal logarithm of the LD
7302:
6507:
6433:
6117:"PubChem Compound Summary for CID 71460273, Maitotoxin"
5942:
5913:
5441:
4176:
Handbook of Mushroom Poisoning: Diagnosis and Treatment
4091:"Solanine – National Library of Medicine HSDB Database"
3904:
6764:
2934:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
2185:
human, oral, inhalation, absorption through skin/eyes
199:
Lethal dosage often varies depending on the method of
6243:"Ionizing radiation: the good, the bad, and the ugly"
5277:"Plutonium and Health — How great is the risk?"
4625:
New Concepts of Psychostimulant Induced Neurotoxicity
3750:(Final report). Litton Bionetics, Inc. Archived from
2924:
testing on animals. Several countries, including the
6471:
Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods
5571:, vol. III, ed. Wolfgang BĂĽcherl and Eleanor Buckley
4440:
3132:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
385:
The following examples are listed in reference to LD
6726:
6345:Strey, Karsten (December 2019). "Die Gifte-Skala".
6169:
6167:
6165:
4319:"Material Safety Data Sheet – Spent Metal Catalyst"
6545:Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety
4918:Erowid LSD (Acid) Vault : Fatalities / Deaths
3329:. Section 11: Toxicological Information for the LD
389:values, in descending order, and accompanied by LC
117:is usually determined by tests on animals such as
5392:. Willoughby, Ohio: Meister Pub Co. p. 664.
3233:"In U.S., Few Alternatives To Testing On Animals"
3209:. Allergan Web site. 24 June 2011. Archived from
7755:
6162:
6064:
4118:
3302:"Therapeutic index | CME at Pharmacology Corner"
4401:
4399:
3443:"The safety evaluation of monosodium glutamate"
5665:Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
5629:
4622:
3262:
7400:
7207:
6572:
6127:National Center for Biotechnology Information
5994:
5143:
4533:"Safety (MSDS) data for cobalt (II) chloride"
4262:"Safety (MSDS) data for acetylsalicylic acid"
4172:
4056:"Formaldehyde SIDS Initial Assessment Report"
2982:
6344:
5828:EFSA Journal. European Food Safety Authority
5387:
4396:
3440:
6213:Biological Safety: principles and practices
6209:
5949:Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum
5914:Henderson N, Wright K, Morgan D, Tantum P.
5274:
5227:
4173:Rumack BH, Spoerke DJ (27 September 1994).
2857:as the most toxic substance known has an LD
342:may be exceptionally resistant. While most
30:"LD50" redirects here. For other uses, see
7407:
7393:
6579:
6565:
5943:Sihver W, Långström B, Nordberg A (2000).
5883:"Recent Progress in Jellyfish Toxin Study"
5771:. Seanthomas.net. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
5691:
4681:. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28
4155:Coumarin Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
3690:
3688:
3686:
7180:
6648:
6603:
6266:
6151:Topic 2 Toxic Chemicals and Toxic Effects
6092:
6082:
6041:
6031:
5960:
5898:
5849:
5839:
5798:
5606:
5545:
5371:. In LebedinskiÄ AV, Moskalev YI (eds.).
5169:
5029:"Safety (MSDS) data for hydrogen cyanide"
4960:"Safety (MSDS) data for metallic arsenic"
4938:"Safety (MSDS) data for arsenic trioxide"
4741:
4650:
3833:"Safety (MSDS) data for sodium molybdate"
3458:
3281:
2908:
6468:
6289:
6247:The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
5366:
4864:"Material Safety Data Sheet: Piperidine"
4711:
4709:
3855:"Safety (MSDS) data for sodium chloride"
3434:
2816:
1071:(main alkaloid in the several plants in
7107:
6815:
5662:
4982:"Safety (MSDS) data for sodium cyanide"
4343:"Safety (MSDS) data for sodium nitrite"
3683:
3638:"Material Safety Data Sheet: Aspartame"
3327:"Material Safety Data Sheet Water MSDS"
3036:(half maximal inhibitory concentration)
1086:rat, oral (2.8 mg/kg human, oral)
393:values, {bracketed}, when appropriate.
153:of body mass, sometimes also stated as
27:Measurement of lethal dose of substance
14:
7756:
7689:List of extremely hazardous substances
6940:
6870:
4927:. Erowid.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
4829:"MSDS for cholecalciferol crystalline"
4803:. sciencelab.com. 2007. Archived from
4801:"Capsaicin Material Safety Data Sheet"
4766:"Pentaborane chemical and safety data"
4112:
3745:
3725:"Safety (MSDS) data for ethyl alcohol"
3549:"Safety (MSDS) data for ascorbic acid"
3027:(half maximal effective concentration)
7388:
6560:
6380:Thirty-Two Years of Measurable Change
6216:. Washington, DC: ASM Press. p.
5990:
5988:
5880:
5519:
5320:. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5254:"Safety (MSDS) data for aflatoxin B1"
5194:"Mercuric Chloride Safety Data Sheet"
4715:
4706:
4359:
4119:Frank T. Sanders, ed. (August 2006).
2928:, have taken steps to ban the oral LD
417:
7724:
6995:
6240:
6065:Ramos V, Vasconcelos V (June 2010).
4554:Safety (MSDS) data for cadmium oxide
4282:
4128:U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
3877:"Safety (MSDS) data for paracetamol"
3714:. Alfa.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
3518:"Toxicological profile for gasoline"
3230:
3056:Lowest-observed-adverse-effect level
1100:Alkyl dimethyl benzalkonium chloride
7736:
6173:
5700:Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
5444:Human & Experimental Toxicology
4285:Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
3907:Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
3378:"Safety (MSDS) data for Corn Syrup"
3063:
2853:values have a very wide range. The
2776:human, oral, injection, inhalation
24:
7365:Minimum bactericidal concentration
6500:
5985:
5916:"Black Widow Venom (α-Latrotoxin)"
5640:10.1016/b978-0-323-44942-7.00100-x
5369:"Biological Effects of Cesium-137"
3441:Walker R, Lupien JR (April 2000).
2938:Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
346:have a very similar physiology, LD
125:approved alternative methods to LD
102:is indicative of higher toxicity.
25:
7795:
7628:Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko
6538:
5634:. Elsevier. pp. 595–600.e3.
5569:Venomous Animals and their Venoms
5526:Environmental Health Perspectives
4870:from the original on 4 March 2016
3804:"Safety (MSDS) data for fructose"
3263:Doris V. Sweet, ed. (July 1997).
3187:from the original on 26 June 2015
1109:aquatic invertebrates, immersion
374:, which is simply the ratio of LD
326:from venomous creatures, such as
207:administered. For this reason, LD
7735:
7723:
7712:
7711:
7355:Minimum inhibitory concentration
6586:
6462:
6427:
6391:
6373:
6338:
6313:
6283:
6234:
6203:
6144:
6109:
5962:10.1034/j.1600-0404.2000.00304.x
4890:"Diamorphine (PIM 261F, French)"
3607:"Safety (MSDS) data for Lactose"
3407:"Safety (MSDS) data for glucose"
3356:"Safety (MSDS) data for sucrose"
3128:"John William Trevan, 1887-1956"
3050:No-observed-adverse-effect level
2359:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin
255:and is sometimes referred to as
7295:WHO list of essential medicines
6788:Non-specific effect of vaccines
6133:from the original on 2020-11-01
6058:
6007:
5936:
5907:
5874:
5815:
5774:
5755:
5726:
5656:
5623:
5574:
5562:
5513:
5478:
5435:
5424:from the original on 2022-07-11
5406:
5381:
5360:
5349:from the original on 2013-12-13
5335:
5324:from the original on 2021-01-19
5306:
5295:from the original on 2021-01-18
5268:
5246:
5221:
5186:
5137:
5118:
5107:from the original on 2006-06-30
5087:
5076:from the original on 2020-11-12
5056:
5021:
5010:from the original on 2016-12-28
4996:
4974:
4952:
4930:
4911:
4882:
4856:
4821:
4793:
4782:from the original on 2013-05-23
4758:
4667:
4616:
4605:from the original on 2019-06-04
4587:
4576:from the original on 2021-01-26
4558:
4547:
4525:
4496:
4485:from the original on 2020-06-17
4467:
4434:
4423:from the original on 2021-03-09
4353:
4335:
4311:
4276:
4254:
4243:from the original on 2021-03-20
4219:
4207:from the original on 6 May 2021
4193:
4166:
4148:
4101:from the original on 2021-01-19
4083:
4048:
4037:from the original on 2018-08-04
4019:
4008:from the original on 2021-05-12
3990:
3968:
3933:
3898:
3887:from the original on 2021-03-02
3869:
3847:
3825:
3796:
3761:
3739:
3717:
3698:
3654:
3630:
3599:
3588:from the original on 2021-03-02
3570:
3541:
3510:
3475:
3399:
3388:from the original on 2022-09-21
3370:
3348:
3291:. Wiley-Interscience (3rd ed.).
3289:A Textbook of Modern Toxicology
3245:from the original on 2012-11-12
3158:from the original on 2020-03-28
3075:Tissue Culture Infective Dosage
2812:
2492:human, sub-cutaneous injection
2126:mouse, absorption through skin
1362:Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
757:isopropyl methylphosphonic acid
237:A comparable measurement is LCt
63:(lethal concentration, 50%) or
7699:Occupational safety and health
7603:1858 Bradford sweets poisoning
7414:
7350:Antimicrobial pharmacodynamics
4407:"Chemical toxicity of uranium"
4374:10.1080/02791072.2004.10400031
3578:"Glyphosate-isopropylammonium"
3319:
3294:
3256:
3224:
3199:
3169:
3099:"Absolute lethal dose (LD100)"
3091:
2144:mouse, subcutaneous injection
293:is 100 medium doses - min/m).
136:
129:for testing the cosmetic drug
13:
1:
7275:Functional analog (chemistry)
6483:10.1016/s1056-8719(98)00041-0
5390:Crop Protection Handbook 2013
5162:10.1080/20961790.2018.1452346
5064:"Critical Review Carfentanil"
4633:10.1016/S0074-7742(09)88004-5
4362:Journal of Psychoactive Drugs
3976:"Methanol Poisoning Overview"
3662:"Safety (MSDS) data for urea"
3085:
2943:
1309:Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
296:
6828:Hill equation (biochemistry)
6522:10.1016/0278-6915(94)00136-C
6510:Food and Chemical Toxicology
6448:10.1016/0278-6915(94)00136-c
6436:Food and Chemical Toxicology
6413:10.1016/0278-6915(90)90117-6
6401:Food and Chemical Toxicology
6210:Fleming DO, Hunt DL (2000).
5712:10.1016/0041-008x(79)90323-5
5499:10.1016/0742-8413(84)90048-3
5275:Voelz GL, Buican IG (2000).
4297:10.1016/0041-008X(59)90109-7
3919:10.1016/0041-008X(74)90126-4
3668:verification. Archived from
3555:. 2005-10-09. Archived from
3484:Drug and Chemical Toxicology
3333:verification. Archived from
3016:Lowest published lethal dose
2940:Vol 22, February 22, 2001).
2825:of the median lethal dose LD
921:Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
301:As a measure of toxicity, LD
123:Food and Drug Administration
7:
5388:Meister R, Since C (2013).
5228:Meister RT, Sine C (2013).
5203:. p. 6. Archived from
4866:. Fisher. 29 October 2007.
4451:10.1007/978-3-0348-6809-9_3
2959:
2495:2–7 μg/kg (estimated)
2275:(t-Butyl-bicyclophosphate)
2188:140 ÎĽg/kg (estimated)
1887:1–2 mg/kg (estimated)
1389:114 mg/kg (estimated)
353:
272:material safety data sheets
10:
7800:
7343:Antimicrobial pharmacology
6823:Dose–response relationship
6753:Desensitization (medicine)
5456:10.1177/096032719000900407
5150:Forensic Sciences Research
3643:. Spectrum. Archived from
3177:"What is a LD50 and LC50?"
2983:Other measures of toxicity
2679:10 ng/kg (estimated)
2418:crayfish, intraperitoneal
2200:Brazilian wandering spider
1677:Lysergic acid diethylamide
285:s to some test animal. In
29:
7707:
7661:
7648:2022 Aqaba toxic gas leak
7595:
7544:
7478:
7422:
7265:Coinduction (anesthetics)
7258:
7059:
6931:
6717:
6594:
5887:Journal of Health Science
4734:10.1007/s00204-013-1127-0
4698:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4189:– via Google Books.
3769:"Safety data for taurine"
3496:10.3109/01480549709011077
3453:(4S Suppl): 1049S–1052S.
3231:Gaul GM (12 April 2008).
2976:The dose makes the poison
2779:1 ng/kg (estimated)
604:(isopropylamine salt of)
218:The related quantities LD
7774:Concentration indicators
7638:Consumption of Tide Pods
7623:Niigata Minamata disease
7450:Environmental toxicology
7330:Multiple drug resistance
7303:Tolerance and resistance
6671:Physiological antagonist
5841:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4752
5632:Critical Care Nephrology
5520:Munro N (January 1994).
5230:Crop Protection Handbook
4716:Mayer B (January 2014).
4203:. Fisher. 1 April 2008.
3447:The Journal of Nutrition
2162:Sydney funnel-web spider
1328:Uranyl acetate dihydrate
262:Some chemicals, such as
7779:Mathematics in medicine
7486:Acceptable daily intake
7440:Occupational toxicology
7081:Neuropsychopharmacology
6843:Cheng-Prussoff Equation
6838:Del Castillo Katz model
6765:Other effects of ligand
6748:Receptor (biochemistry)
6666:Irreversible antagonist
5809:10.2903/j.efsa.2008.726
5762:LD50 for various snakes
5677:10.1080/104732201460389
5599:10.1073/pnas.0707340104
3287:Ernest Hodgson (2004).
3181:OSH Answers Fact Sheets
2821:Negative values of the
904:(acetylsalicylic acid)
86:for a substance is the
7643:Visakhapatnam gas leak
7587:Whole bowel irrigation
7217:Classical pharmacology
6978:Plasma protein binding
6953:Volume of distribution
6661:Competitive antagonist
6359:10.1002/ciuz.201900828
6347:Chemie in unserer Zeit
6241:Ryan JL (March 2012).
4722:Archives of Toxicology
3746:Mecler FJ (May 1981).
3460:10.1093/jn/130.4.1049S
3306:pharmacologycorner.com
3144:10.1098/rsbm.1957.0019
3045:Indicative limit value
2909:Animal rights concerns
2846:
2589:mice, intraperitoneal
2472:1.46-13.98 ÎĽg/kg
455:>90,000 mg/kg
188:. Measures such as "LD
133:without animal tests.
7608:2007 pet food recalls
7325:Antibiotic resistance
7117:Clinical pharmacology
6636:Physiological agonist
6596:Ligand (biochemistry)
2995:Certain safety factor
2954:up-and-down procedure
2820:
2770:Clostridium botulinum
2556:human, intravenously
2549:(from certain marine
2463:Epipedobates anthonyi
2339:rat, intraperitoneal
1906:and related species)
1526:rat, intraperitoneal
1272:185–6,400 mg/kg
1206:rat, intraperitoneal
1140:Cinnamomum aromaticum
759:(IMPA, metabolite of
320:toxic to many animals
32:LD50 (disambiguation)
7506:Fixed-dose procedure
7222:Reverse pharmacology
7132:Pharmacoepidemiology
6973:Biological half-life
6853:Ligand binding assay
6727:Activity at receptor
6621:Irreversible agonist
6259:10.1038/jid.2011.411
5367:Moskalev YI (1961).
3754:on October 4, 2013.
3079:Plaque forming units
2950:fixed-dose procedure
2619:2.3–31.5 μg/kg
2529:10–1000 μg/kg
2515:mice, intravenously
2117:Chlorine trifluoride
2090:Sodium fluoroacetate
1923:Mercury(II) chloride
1878:Strychnos nux-vomica
1563:mouse and rat, oral
550:mice and rats, oral
522:Monosodium glutamate
322:. When used to test
316:paracetamol toxicity
121:. In 2011, the U.S.
7465:In vitro toxicology
7455:Forensic toxicology
7270:Combination therapy
7158:Pharmacoinformatics
7127:Medicinal chemistry
6733:Mechanism of action
6296:www.euronuclear.org
6290:Winfried K (2013).
6253:(3 Pt 2): 985–993.
5593:(48): 19097–19101.
5538:10.1289/ehp.9410218
5343:"Brodifacoum (PDS)"
4566:"Thiopental sodium"
2794:human, irradiation
2614:mouse, intravenous
2469:mouse, intravenous
2386:blue-ringed octopus
2313:(Australian snake)
2278:mouse, intravenous
2259:human, transdermal
1663:mouse, intravenous
1436:Cobalt(II) chloride
1191:238–277 mg/kg
1058:600–800 mg/kg
52:(abbreviation for "
7669:Biological warfare
7653:List of poisonings
7460:Medical toxicology
7430:Aquatic toxicology
7240:Immunopharmacology
7190:Pharmacotoxicology
7091:Psychopharmacology
6883:Intrinsic activity
6783:Pleiotropy (drugs)
6704:Agonist-antagonist
6616:Endogenous agonist
6550:2015-06-26 at the
6385:2007-02-11 at the
6176:"Representative LD
6156:2007-09-29 at the
5900:10.1248/jhs.49.337
5767:2012-02-01 at the
5285:Los Alamos Science
5130:2015-01-03 at the
5095:"Hexachloroethane"
4923:2021-06-30 at the
4601:. September 1995.
4595:"Demeton-s-methyl"
4445:. pp. 18–40.
4160:2004-10-21 at the
4095:toxnet.nlm.nih.gov
4031:toxnet.nlm.nih.gov
3710:2015-07-24 at the
2971:Reed-Muench method
2847:
2790:Ionizing radiation
2745:Clostridium tetani
2676:human, inhalation
2517:human, inhalation
2466:poison dart frog)
2316:rat, subcutaneous
2223:Amanita phalloides
2204:rat, subcutaneous
2076:mouse, parenteral
1977:Aspergillus flavus
1618:(cholecalciferol)
1257:Arsenic trisulfide
1143:and other plants)
1116:{0.059 mg/L}
816:Melamine cyanurate
647:10,000 mg/kg
629:10,000 mg/kg
610:10,537 mg/kg
591:11,900 mg/kg
572:14,063 mg/kg
553:15,000 mg/kg
530:16,600 mg/kg
511:25,800 mg/kg
492:25,800 mg/kg
474:29,700 mg/kg
287:biological warfare
232:ionizing radiation
74:that measures the
43:median lethal dose
7751:
7750:
7567:Chelation therapy
7382:
7381:
7378:
7377:
7338:
7337:
7235:Photopharmacology
7230:
7229:
7203:
7202:
7176:
7175:
7140:
7139:
7103:
7102:
7096:Electrophysiology
7086:Neuropharmacology
7041:
7040:
6991:
6990:
6927:
6926:
6914:Therapeutic index
6866:
6865:
6811:
6810:
6760:
6759:
6689:
6688:
6644:
6643:
6227:978-1-55581-180-8
6084:10.3390/md8072021
6033:10.3390/md8061838
5649:978-0-323-44942-7
4675:"Sodium fluoride"
4642:978-0-12-374504-0
4460:978-3-0348-6796-2
4186:978-0-8493-0194-0
3553:Oxford University
3138:: 273–288. 1957.
3010:Median toxic dose
3000:Therapeutic index
2823:decimal logarithm
2810:
2809:
2406:Carybdea rastonii
2346:20–30 mg/kg
2028:cat, intravenous
2002:dog, intravenous
1903:Aconitum napellus
1814:rat, intravenous
1682:rat, intravenous
1481:Thiopental sodium
1183:Hydrochloric acid
1114:{0.28 mg/L}
1112:304.5 mg/kg
1080:Solanum tuberosum
929:1,270 mg/kg
910:1,944 mg/kg
891:3,000 mg/kg
872:4,000 mg/kg
842:4,000 mg/kg
823:4,100 mg/kg
805:5,000 mg/kg
787:6,000 mg/kg
769:6,860 mg/kg
745:7,060 mg/kg
714:7,080 mg/kg
695:7,700 mg/kg
677:8,471 mg/kg
372:therapeutic index
149:of substance per
82:. The value of LD
16:(Redirected from
7791:
7739:
7738:
7727:
7726:
7715:
7714:
7618:Minamata disease
7552:Activated carbon
7501:Biomagnification
7445:Entomotoxicology
7409:
7402:
7395:
7386:
7385:
7340:
7339:
7300:
7299:
7280:Polypharmacology
7205:
7204:
7178:
7177:
7168:Pharmacogenomics
7163:Pharmacogenetics
7142:
7141:
7105:
7104:
7066:
7065:
6993:
6992:
6963:Rate of infusion
6938:
6937:
6933:Pharmacokinetics
6868:
6867:
6813:
6812:
6762:
6761:
6724:
6723:
6719:Pharmacodynamics
6699:Neurotransmitter
6681:Enzyme inhibitor
6646:
6645:
6601:
6600:
6581:
6574:
6567:
6558:
6557:
6533:
6495:
6494:
6466:
6460:
6459:
6431:
6425:
6424:
6395:
6389:
6377:
6371:
6370:
6342:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6332:
6317:
6311:
6310:
6308:
6307:
6298:. Archived from
6287:
6281:
6280:
6270:
6238:
6232:
6231:
6207:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6197:
6191:
6185:. Archived from
6184:
6171:
6160:
6148:
6142:
6141:
6139:
6138:
6113:
6107:
6106:
6096:
6086:
6077:(7): 2021–2037.
6062:
6056:
6055:
6045:
6035:
6026:(6): 1838–1907.
6011:
6005:
6004:
5992:
5983:
5982:
5964:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5924:
5918:. Archived from
5911:
5905:
5904:
5902:
5881:Nagai H (2003).
5878:
5872:
5871:
5853:
5843:
5819:
5813:
5812:
5802:
5793:(9): 726. 2008.
5783:Ricinus communis
5778:
5772:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5749:
5740:. Archived from
5730:
5724:
5723:
5695:
5689:
5688:
5660:
5654:
5653:
5627:
5621:
5620:
5610:
5578:
5572:
5566:
5560:
5559:
5549:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5482:
5476:
5475:
5439:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5429:
5410:
5404:
5403:
5385:
5379:
5378:
5364:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5354:
5339:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5329:
5310:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5300:
5294:
5281:
5272:
5266:
5265:
5260:. Archived from
5250:
5244:
5243:
5225:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5215:
5209:
5198:
5190:
5184:
5183:
5173:
5141:
5135:
5122:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5106:
5099:
5091:
5085:
5084:
5082:
5081:
5075:
5068:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5044:
5038:. Archived from
5033:
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5000:
4994:
4993:
4988:. Archived from
4978:
4972:
4971:
4966:. Archived from
4956:
4950:
4949:
4944:. Archived from
4934:
4928:
4915:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4896:. Archived from
4886:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4850:
4844:
4838:. Archived from
4833:
4825:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4815:
4809:
4797:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4787:
4781:
4770:
4762:
4756:
4755:
4745:
4713:
4704:
4703:
4697:
4689:
4687:
4686:
4671:
4665:
4664:
4654:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4591:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4562:
4556:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4539:. Archived from
4529:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4519:
4510:. Archived from
4500:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4490:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4438:
4432:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4422:
4411:
4403:
4394:
4393:
4357:
4351:
4350:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4324:. Archived from
4323:
4315:
4309:
4308:
4280:
4274:
4273:
4268:. Archived from
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4242:
4231:
4223:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4170:
4164:
4152:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4136:
4125:
4116:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4071:
4065:. Archived from
4060:
4052:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4042:
4023:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4013:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3982:. Archived from
3972:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3956:
3950:. Archived from
3945:
3937:
3931:
3930:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3861:. Archived from
3851:
3845:
3844:
3839:. Archived from
3829:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3810:. Archived from
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3784:
3778:. Archived from
3773:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3731:. Archived from
3721:
3715:
3702:
3696:
3692:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3642:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3618:
3612:. Archived from
3611:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3545:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3529:
3522:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3462:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3422:
3416:. Archived from
3411:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3362:. Archived from
3352:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3298:
3292:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3269:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3095:
3064:Related measures
3005:Protective index
2901:
2840:
2690:Diphtheria toxin
2672:
2670:
2669:
2487:poison dart frog
2334:castor oil plant
2255:
2099:
2079:21.5 ÎĽCi/g
2072:
2070:
2069:
1931:
1862:3.03 mg/kg
1854:White phosphorus
1817:3.39 mg/kg
1791:Hydrogen cyanide
1708:
1696:Arsenic trioxide
1685:16.5 mg/kg
1666:21.8 mg/kg
1605:47.2 mg/kg
1504:Demeton-S-methyl
1485:lethal injection
1444:
1344:
1311:(MDMA, ecstasy)
1291:
1265:
1222:(acetaminophen)
1107:fish, immersion
1051:
968:
865:
853:Sodium molybdate
738:
670:
585:(ascorbic acid)
448:
396:
395:
264:hydrogen cyanide
249:chemical warfare
246:
21:
7799:
7798:
7794:
7793:
7792:
7790:
7789:
7788:
7764:Causes of death
7754:
7753:
7752:
7747:
7703:
7657:
7633:Seveso disaster
7613:Bhopal disaster
7591:
7540:
7496:Bioaccumulation
7474:
7418:
7413:
7383:
7374:
7334:
7320:Drug resistance
7298:
7254:
7226:
7199:
7195:Neurotoxicology
7172:
7136:
7099:
7061:
7055:
7037:
6987:
6983:Bioavailability
6968:Onset of action
6923:
6862:
6807:
6756:
6713:
6685:
6676:Inverse agonist
6640:
6626:Partial agonist
6590:
6585:
6552:Wayback Machine
6541:
6536:
6503:
6501:Further reading
6498:
6467:
6463:
6432:
6428:
6396:
6392:
6387:Wayback Machine
6378:
6374:
6343:
6339:
6330:
6328:
6319:
6318:
6314:
6305:
6303:
6288:
6284:
6239:
6235:
6228:
6208:
6204:
6195:
6193:
6189:
6182:
6179:
6172:
6163:
6158:Wayback Machine
6149:
6145:
6136:
6134:
6115:
6114:
6110:
6063:
6059:
6012:
6008:
5993:
5986:
5955:(s176): 27–33.
5941:
5937:
5928:
5926:
5922:
5912:
5908:
5879:
5875:
5820:
5816:
5800:10.1.1.333.8413
5780:
5779:
5775:
5769:Wayback Machine
5760:
5756:
5747:
5745:
5738:www.drugbank.ca
5732:
5731:
5727:
5696:
5692:
5661:
5657:
5650:
5628:
5624:
5579:
5575:
5567:
5563:
5518:
5514:
5483:
5479:
5440:
5436:
5427:
5425:
5412:
5411:
5407:
5400:
5386:
5382:
5365:
5361:
5352:
5350:
5341:
5340:
5336:
5327:
5325:
5312:
5311:
5307:
5298:
5296:
5292:
5279:
5273:
5269:
5252:
5251:
5247:
5240:
5226:
5222:
5213:
5211:
5207:
5196:
5192:
5191:
5187:
5142:
5138:
5132:Wayback Machine
5123:
5119:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5097:
5093:
5092:
5088:
5079:
5077:
5073:
5066:
5062:
5061:
5057:
5048:
5046:
5042:
5031:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5013:
5011:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4936:
4935:
4931:
4925:Wayback Machine
4916:
4912:
4903:
4901:
4888:
4887:
4883:
4873:
4871:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4831:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4768:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4714:
4707:
4691:
4690:
4684:
4682:
4673:
4672:
4668:
4643:
4621:
4617:
4608:
4606:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4579:
4577:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4552:
4548:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4517:
4515:
4508:www.drugbank.ca
4502:
4501:
4497:
4488:
4486:
4479:www.drugbank.ca
4473:
4472:
4468:
4461:
4439:
4435:
4426:
4424:
4420:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4397:
4358:
4354:
4341:
4340:
4336:
4328:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4281:
4277:
4260:
4259:
4255:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4229:
4225:
4224:
4220:
4210:
4208:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4187:
4171:
4167:
4162:Wayback Machine
4153:
4149:
4140:
4138:
4134:
4123:
4117:
4113:
4104:
4102:
4089:
4088:
4084:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4058:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4040:
4038:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4011:
4009:
3996:
3995:
3991:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3943:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3903:
3899:
3890:
3888:
3881:Millipore Sigma
3875:
3874:
3870:
3853:
3852:
3848:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3817:
3815:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3788:
3786:
3782:
3771:
3767:
3766:
3762:
3744:
3740:
3723:
3722:
3718:
3712:Wayback Machine
3703:
3699:
3693:
3684:
3675:
3673:
3667:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3647:
3640:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3622:
3620:
3616:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3591:
3589:
3576:
3575:
3571:
3562:
3560:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3520:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3480:
3476:
3439:
3435:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3409:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3391:
3389:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3340:
3338:
3332:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3311:
3309:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3286:
3282:
3274:
3267:
3261:
3257:
3248:
3246:
3238:Washington Post
3229:
3225:
3216:
3214:
3213:on 26 June 2011
3205:
3204:
3200:
3190:
3188:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3161:
3159:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3112:
3110:
3103:IUPAC Gold Book
3097:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3073:
3066:
3061:
3034:
3025:
2985:
2962:
2946:
2931:
2923:
2911:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2889:
2868:
2860:
2855:botulinum toxin
2852:
2843:botulinum toxin
2838:
2834:
2830:
2828:
2815:
2765:Botulinum toxin
2695:Corynebacterium
2668:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2645:intraperitoneal
2638:ciguateric fish
2592:250 ng/kg
2584:ciguateric fish
2564:5.7 ÎĽg/kg
2562:0.6 ÎĽg/kg
2551:dinoflagellates
2526:3.3 ÎĽg/kg
2524:0.7 ÎĽg/kg
2447:4.3 ÎĽg/kg
2393:8.2 ÎĽg/kg
2350:
2345:
2340:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2243:Dimethylmercury
2232:100 ÎĽg/kg
2207:134 ÎĽg/kg
2170:150 ÎĽg/kg
2147:172 ÎĽg/kg
2129:178 ÎĽg/kg
2122:
2106:220 ÎĽg/kg
2097:
2093:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2049:270 ÎĽg/kg
2031:300 ÎĽg/kg
2005:320 ÎĽg/kg
1986:480 ÎĽg/kg
1961:500 ÎĽg/kg
1953:blister beetles
1930:
1926:
1912:1–2 mg/kg
1843:3.3 mg/kg
1799:3.7 mg/kg
1780:4.3 mg/kg
1757:6.4 mg/kg
1734:intraperitoneal
1707:
1703:
1699:
1565:human, smoking
1540:Sodium fluoride
1522:Methamphetamine
1443:
1439:
1407:100 mg/kg
1370:135 mg/kg
1351:136 mg/kg
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1317:160 mg/kg
1298:180 mg/kg
1290:
1286:
1264:
1260:
1246:192 mg/kg
1228:200 mg/kg
1209:229 mg/kg
1172:280 mg/kg
1164:magic mushrooms
1149:293 mg/kg
1122:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1089:590 mg/kg
1049:
1045:
1031:636 mg/kg
1013:763 mg/kg
994:790 mg/kg
986:Trinitrotoluene
975:810 mg/kg
966:
962:
948:980 mg/kg
883:Sodium chloride
864:
860:
856:
736:
732:
728:
706:Cadmium sulfide
669:
665:
661:
446:
442:
429:
427:
423:
421:
415:
413:
409:
408:
392:
388:
381:
377:
369:
361:
356:
349:
336:venomous snakes
333:
304:
299:
292:
284:
280:
269:
245:
242:
240:
225:
221:
214:
210:
195:
191:
187:
183:
176:
144:
139:
128:
119:laboratory mice
116:
111:semilethal dose
108:
101:
93:
85:
68:
61:
50:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7797:
7787:
7786:
7781:
7776:
7771:
7769:Animal testing
7766:
7749:
7748:
7746:
7745:
7733:
7721:
7708:
7705:
7704:
7702:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7665:
7663:
7662:Related topics
7659:
7658:
7656:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7599:
7597:
7593:
7592:
7590:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7572:Gastric lavage
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7548:
7546:
7542:
7541:
7539:
7538:
7533:
7528:
7526:Toxicity class
7523:
7521:Toxic capacity
7518:
7513:
7508:
7503:
7498:
7493:
7491:Acute toxicity
7488:
7482:
7480:
7476:
7475:
7473:
7472:
7470:Toxicogenomics
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7426:
7424:
7420:
7419:
7412:
7411:
7404:
7397:
7389:
7380:
7379:
7376:
7375:
7373:
7372:
7367:
7362:
7360:Bacteriostatic
7357:
7352:
7346:
7344:
7336:
7335:
7333:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7310:Drug tolerance
7306:
7304:
7297:
7292:
7290:Lists of drugs
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7260:
7256:
7255:
7253:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7231:
7228:
7227:
7225:
7224:
7219:
7213:
7211:
7209:Drug discovery
7201:
7200:
7198:
7197:
7192:
7186:
7184:
7174:
7173:
7171:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7154:
7152:
7138:
7137:
7135:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7113:
7111:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7093:
7088:
7083:
7078:
7076:
7063:
7057:
7056:
7054:
7053:
7051:Bioequivalence
7048:
7042:
7039:
7038:
7036:
7035:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
6999:
6997:
6989:
6988:
6986:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6950:
6944:
6942:
6935:
6929:
6928:
6925:
6924:
6922:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6885:
6880:
6874:
6872:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6860:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6819:
6817:
6809:
6808:
6806:
6805:
6795:
6793:Adverse effect
6790:
6785:
6780:
6768:
6766:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6738:Mode of action
6735:
6730:
6728:
6721:
6715:
6714:
6712:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6690:
6687:
6686:
6684:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6652:
6650:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6607:
6605:
6598:
6592:
6591:
6584:
6583:
6576:
6569:
6561:
6555:
6554:
6540:
6539:External links
6537:
6535:
6534:
6516:(3): 223–231.
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6496:
6461:
6442:(3): 223–231.
6426:
6407:(7): 469–482.
6390:
6372:
6353:(6): 386–399.
6337:
6312:
6282:
6233:
6226:
6202:
6177:
6161:
6143:
6108:
6057:
6006:
5997:ASA Newsletter
5984:
5935:
5906:
5893:(5): 337–340.
5873:
5814:
5773:
5754:
5725:
5706:(2): 287–293.
5690:
5671:(2): 233–236.
5655:
5648:
5622:
5573:
5561:
5512:
5477:
5450:(4): 245–250.
5434:
5420:. 2018-11-02.
5405:
5398:
5380:
5359:
5345:. Inchem.org.
5334:
5305:
5267:
5264:on 2010-08-11.
5245:
5239:978-1892829269
5238:
5220:
5185:
5136:
5117:
5086:
5055:
5020:
4995:
4992:on 2009-01-13.
4973:
4970:on 2011-01-14.
4951:
4948:on 2010-03-09.
4929:
4910:
4894:www.inchem.org
4881:
4855:
4820:
4792:
4757:
4705:
4666:
4641:
4615:
4586:
4557:
4546:
4543:on 2011-04-07.
4524:
4495:
4466:
4459:
4433:
4395:
4368:(3): 303–313.
4352:
4334:
4331:on 2011-09-28.
4310:
4291:(3): 250–257.
4275:
4272:on 2011-07-16.
4253:
4218:
4192:
4185:
4165:
4147:
4111:
4082:
4047:
4018:
3989:
3986:on 2011-10-05.
3967:
3932:
3897:
3883:. Merck KGaA.
3868:
3865:on 2011-06-07.
3846:
3843:on 2011-01-28.
3824:
3808:sciencelab.com
3795:
3760:
3738:
3735:on 2011-07-14.
3716:
3697:
3682:
3665:
3653:
3650:on 2016-12-26.
3629:
3598:
3569:
3540:
3509:
3490:(1–2): 31–44.
3474:
3433:
3398:
3369:
3366:on 2011-06-12.
3347:
3330:
3318:
3293:
3280:
3277:on 2013-05-16.
3255:
3223:
3198:
3168:
3119:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3053:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3013:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2973:
2968:
2966:Animal testing
2961:
2958:
2945:
2942:
2929:
2921:
2918:animal-welfare
2910:
2907:
2897:
2893:
2887:
2866:
2858:
2850:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2795:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:10 ng/kg
2702:
2699:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2667:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2649:50 ng/kg
2647:
2641:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2621:
2617:45 ng/kg
2615:
2612:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2566:
2560:
2554:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:0.00001–0.001
2531:
2522:
2513:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:20 ÎĽg/kg
2369:
2366:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2344:22 ÎĽg/kg
2342:
2337:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2319:25 ÎĽg/kg
2317:
2314:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2299:30 ÎĽg/kg
2297:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:36 ÎĽg/kg
2279:
2276:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:50 ÎĽg/kg
2260:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2120:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2095:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2067:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1928:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1830:(from various
1824:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:Sodium cyanide
1745:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1738:13 mg/kg
1736:
1730:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:14 mg/kg
1713:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1660:(diamorphine)
1654:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:30 mg/kg
1645:
1642:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:37 mg/kg
1622:
1619:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1587:50 mg/kg
1585:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:50 mg/kg
1567:
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:52 mg/kg
1546:
1543:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:57 mg/kg
1527:
1524:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:60 mg/kg
1509:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:64 mg/kg
1491:
1488:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:72 mg/kg
1468:
1465:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:80 mg/kg
1449:
1446:
1441:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1425:96 mg/kg
1423:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1283:Sodium nitrite
1279:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1262:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1001:
1000:
998:
995:
992:
989:
982:
981:
979:
976:
973:
970:
964:
955:
954:
952:
949:
946:
943:
936:
935:
933:
930:
927:
924:
917:
916:
914:
911:
908:
905:
898:
897:
895:
892:
889:
886:
879:
878:
876:
873:
870:
867:
862:
858:
849:
848:
846:
843:
840:
837:
836:(fruit sugar)
830:
829:
827:
824:
821:
818:
812:
811:
809:
806:
803:
800:
794:
793:
791:
788:
785:
782:
776:
775:
773:
770:
767:
764:
752:
751:
749:
746:
743:
740:
734:
730:
721:
720:
718:
715:
712:
709:
702:
701:
699:
696:
693:
690:
684:
683:
681:
678:
675:
672:
667:
663:
654:
653:
651:
648:
645:
642:
636:
635:
633:
630:
627:
624:
617:
616:
614:
611:
608:
605:
598:
597:
595:
592:
589:
586:
579:
578:
576:
573:
570:
567:
560:
559:
557:
554:
551:
548:
537:
536:
534:
531:
528:
525:
518:
517:
515:
512:
509:
506:
505:(blood sugar)
499:
498:
496:
493:
490:
487:
481:
480:
478:
475:
472:
469:
468:(table sugar)
462:
461:
459:
456:
453:
450:
444:
435:
434:
431:
425:
419:
416:
411:
406:
403:
402:Animal, route
400:
390:
386:
379:
375:
367:
364:effective dose
359:
355:
352:
347:
331:
302:
298:
295:
290:
282:
278:
267:
243:
238:
228:health physics
223:
219:
212:
208:
201:administration
193:
189:
185:
181:
174:
169:(suitable for
157:(suitable for
142:
138:
135:
126:
114:
106:
99:
96:acute toxicity
91:
83:
66:
59:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7796:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7762:
7761:
7759:
7744:
7743:
7734:
7732:
7731:
7722:
7720:
7719:
7710:
7709:
7706:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7684:Hazard symbol
7682:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7666:
7664:
7660:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7600:
7598:
7594:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7582:Hemoperfusion
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7549:
7547:
7543:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7527:
7524:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7483:
7481:
7477:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7435:Ecotoxicology
7433:
7431:
7428:
7427:
7425:
7421:
7417:
7410:
7405:
7403:
7398:
7396:
7391:
7390:
7387:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7347:
7345:
7341:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7315:Tachyphylaxis
7313:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7305:
7301:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7257:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7232:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7214:
7212:
7210:
7206:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7187:
7185:
7183:
7179:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7155:
7153:
7151:
7147:
7143:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7110:
7106:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7075:
7071:
7067:
7064:
7058:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7043:
7033:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7008:
7004:
7001:
7000:
6998:
6994:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6958:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6945:
6943:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6930:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6909:
6905:
6901:
6897:
6893:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6875:
6873:
6869:
6858:
6854:
6850:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6820:
6818:
6814:
6803:
6802:Neurotoxicity
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6778:
6774:
6771:Selectivity (
6770:
6769:
6767:
6763:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6716:
6710:
6709:Pharmacophore
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6653:
6651:
6647:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6608:
6606:
6602:
6599:
6597:
6593:
6589:
6582:
6577:
6575:
6570:
6568:
6563:
6562:
6559:
6553:
6549:
6546:
6543:
6542:
6531:
6527:
6523:
6519:
6515:
6511:
6506:
6505:
6492:
6488:
6484:
6480:
6476:
6472:
6465:
6457:
6453:
6449:
6445:
6441:
6437:
6430:
6422:
6418:
6414:
6410:
6406:
6402:
6394:
6388:
6384:
6381:
6376:
6368:
6364:
6360:
6356:
6352:
6348:
6341:
6326:
6322:
6316:
6302:on 2018-08-04
6301:
6297:
6293:
6292:"Lethal dose"
6286:
6278:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6260:
6256:
6252:
6248:
6244:
6237:
6229:
6223:
6219:
6215:
6214:
6206:
6192:on 2015-04-12
6188:
6181:
6170:
6168:
6166:
6159:
6155:
6152:
6147:
6132:
6128:
6124:
6123:
6118:
6112:
6104:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6061:
6053:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6017:
6010:
6002:
5998:
5991:
5989:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5954:
5950:
5946:
5939:
5925:on 2016-12-26
5921:
5917:
5910:
5901:
5896:
5892:
5888:
5884:
5877:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5834:(4): e04752.
5833:
5829:
5825:
5818:
5810:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5792:
5788:
5784:
5781:"Ricin (from
5777:
5770:
5766:
5763:
5758:
5744:on 2017-07-11
5743:
5739:
5735:
5729:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5694:
5686:
5682:
5678:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5659:
5651:
5645:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5626:
5618:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5584:
5577:
5570:
5565:
5557:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5539:
5535:
5531:
5527:
5523:
5516:
5508:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5481:
5473:
5469:
5465:
5461:
5457:
5453:
5449:
5445:
5438:
5423:
5419:
5415:
5409:
5401:
5399:9781892829269
5395:
5391:
5384:
5376:
5375:
5370:
5363:
5348:
5344:
5338:
5323:
5319:
5315:
5309:
5291:
5288:(26): 74–89.
5287:
5286:
5278:
5271:
5263:
5259:
5255:
5249:
5241:
5235:
5231:
5224:
5210:on 2019-11-26
5206:
5202:
5195:
5189:
5181:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5147:
5140:
5133:
5129:
5126:
5121:
5103:
5096:
5090:
5072:
5065:
5059:
5045:on 2016-12-26
5041:
5037:
5030:
5024:
5009:
5005:
4999:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4977:
4969:
4965:
4961:
4955:
4947:
4943:
4939:
4933:
4926:
4922:
4919:
4914:
4900:on 2016-05-02
4899:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4869:
4865:
4859:
4845:on 2016-12-26
4841:
4837:
4830:
4824:
4810:on 2007-09-29
4806:
4802:
4796:
4778:
4774:
4767:
4761:
4753:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4723:
4719:
4712:
4710:
4701:
4695:
4680:
4676:
4670:
4662:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4644:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4619:
4604:
4600:
4596:
4590:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4561:
4555:
4550:
4542:
4538:
4534:
4528:
4514:on 2016-11-20
4513:
4509:
4505:
4499:
4484:
4480:
4476:
4470:
4462:
4456:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4437:
4419:
4415:
4408:
4402:
4400:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4356:
4348:
4344:
4338:
4327:
4320:
4314:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4279:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4257:
4239:
4235:
4228:
4222:
4206:
4202:
4196:
4188:
4182:
4179:. CRC Press.
4178:
4177:
4169:
4163:
4159:
4156:
4151:
4137:on 2009-10-24
4133:
4129:
4122:
4115:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4086:
4072:on 2018-06-13
4068:
4064:
4057:
4051:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4022:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3971:
3957:on 2016-12-26
3953:
3949:
3948:chemblink.com
3942:
3941:"MSDS of CBD"
3936:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3901:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3872:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3850:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3828:
3814:on 2017-07-02
3813:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3785:on 2017-01-18
3781:
3777:
3770:
3764:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3742:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3701:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3672:on 2015-03-01
3671:
3663:
3657:
3646:
3639:
3633:
3619:on 2016-08-03
3615:
3608:
3602:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3573:
3559:on 2007-02-09
3558:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3530:on 2017-05-15
3526:
3519:
3513:
3505:
3501:
3497:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3478:
3470:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3437:
3423:on 2017-01-01
3419:
3415:
3408:
3402:
3387:
3383:
3382:fishersci.com
3379:
3373:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3337:on 2012-09-02
3336:
3328:
3322:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3290:
3284:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3234:
3227:
3212:
3208:
3202:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3109:on 2019-07-01
3108:
3104:
3100:
3094:
3090:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3068:
3067:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3029:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2915:
2914:Animal-rights
2906:
2903:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2872:Richter scale
2864:
2856:
2844:
2824:
2819:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2754:2 ng/kg
2753:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2740:Tetanospasmin
2738:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2729:2 ng/kg
2728:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2521:
2520:human, oral
2518:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2483:Batrachotoxin
2481:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2421:5 ÎĽg/kg
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2410:box jellyfish
2408:
2407:
2403:CrTX-A (from
2402:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2311:Inland Taipan
2309:Venom of the
2308:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:Venom of the
2197:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1938:1 mg/kg
1937:
1934:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1462:Cadmium oxide
1460:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1077:amongst them
1076:
1075:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
960:
957:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
885:(table salt)
884:
881:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
854:
851:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
799:
796:
795:
792:
789:
786:
783:
781:
778:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
758:
754:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
726:
723:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
689:
688:Cyanuric acid
686:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
659:
656:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
641:
638:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
623:(milk sugar)
622:
619:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
542:
539:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
440:
437:
436:
432:
430:standardised
428: : g/L}
422: : g/kg
404:
401:
398:
397:
394:
383:
373:
365:
351:
345:
341:
337:
329:
325:
321:
317:
314:
313:
307:
294:
288:
275:
273:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
235:
233:
229:
216:
206:
205:intravenously
202:
197:
178:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
134:
132:
124:
120:
112:
103:
97:
89:
81:
77:
73:
69:
62:
55:
51:
44:
40:
33:
19:
7740:
7728:
7716:
7577:Hemodialysis
7285:Chemotherapy
7245:Cell biology
7146:Biochemistry
7070:Neuroscience
7018:Distribution
6948:Loading dose
6903:
6631:Superagonist
6588:Pharmacology
6513:
6509:
6477:(2): 81–85.
6474:
6470:
6464:
6439:
6435:
6429:
6404:
6400:
6393:
6375:
6350:
6346:
6340:
6329:. Retrieved
6327:. 2022-12-13
6324:
6315:
6304:. Retrieved
6300:the original
6295:
6285:
6250:
6246:
6236:
6212:
6205:
6194:. Retrieved
6187:the original
6146:
6135:. Retrieved
6120:
6111:
6074:
6071:Marine Drugs
6070:
6060:
6023:
6020:Marine Drugs
6019:
6009:
6000:
5996:
5952:
5948:
5938:
5927:. Retrieved
5920:the original
5909:
5890:
5886:
5876:
5831:
5827:
5817:
5790:
5787:EFSA Journal
5786:
5782:
5776:
5757:
5746:. Retrieved
5742:the original
5737:
5728:
5703:
5699:
5693:
5668:
5664:
5658:
5631:
5625:
5590:
5586:
5576:
5568:
5564:
5532:(1): 18–38.
5529:
5525:
5515:
5493:(1): 55–68.
5490:
5486:
5480:
5447:
5443:
5437:
5426:. Retrieved
5417:
5408:
5389:
5383:
5373:
5362:
5351:. Retrieved
5337:
5326:. Retrieved
5317:
5308:
5297:. Retrieved
5283:
5270:
5262:the original
5257:
5248:
5229:
5223:
5212:. Retrieved
5205:the original
5200:
5188:
5156:(1): 25–31.
5153:
5149:
5139:
5120:
5109:. Retrieved
5089:
5078:. Retrieved
5058:
5047:. Retrieved
5040:the original
5035:
5023:
5012:. Retrieved
4998:
4990:the original
4985:
4976:
4968:the original
4963:
4954:
4946:the original
4941:
4932:
4913:
4902:. Retrieved
4898:the original
4893:
4884:
4872:. Retrieved
4858:
4847:. Retrieved
4840:the original
4835:
4823:
4812:. Retrieved
4805:the original
4795:
4784:. Retrieved
4772:
4760:
4725:
4721:
4683:. Retrieved
4678:
4669:
4624:
4618:
4607:. Retrieved
4598:
4589:
4578:. Retrieved
4569:
4560:
4549:
4541:the original
4536:
4527:
4516:. Retrieved
4512:the original
4507:
4498:
4487:. Retrieved
4478:
4475:"Bisoprolol"
4469:
4442:
4436:
4425:. Retrieved
4413:
4365:
4361:
4355:
4346:
4337:
4326:the original
4313:
4288:
4284:
4278:
4270:the original
4265:
4256:
4245:. Retrieved
4233:
4221:
4209:. Retrieved
4195:
4175:
4168:
4150:
4139:. Retrieved
4132:the original
4114:
4103:. Retrieved
4094:
4085:
4074:. Retrieved
4067:the original
4062:
4050:
4039:. Retrieved
4030:
4021:
4010:. Retrieved
4001:
3992:
3984:the original
3979:
3970:
3959:. Retrieved
3952:the original
3947:
3935:
3913:(1): 18–27.
3910:
3906:
3900:
3889:. Retrieved
3880:
3871:
3863:the original
3858:
3849:
3841:the original
3836:
3827:
3816:. Retrieved
3812:the original
3807:
3798:
3787:. Retrieved
3780:the original
3775:
3763:
3755:
3752:the original
3741:
3733:the original
3728:
3719:
3700:
3674:. Retrieved
3670:the original
3656:
3645:the original
3632:
3621:. Retrieved
3614:the original
3601:
3590:. Retrieved
3581:
3572:
3561:. Retrieved
3557:the original
3543:
3532:. Retrieved
3525:the original
3512:
3487:
3483:
3477:
3450:
3446:
3436:
3425:. Retrieved
3418:the original
3413:
3401:
3390:. Retrieved
3381:
3372:
3364:the original
3359:
3350:
3339:. Retrieved
3335:the original
3321:
3310:. Retrieved
3308:. 2011-01-26
3305:
3296:
3288:
3283:
3272:the original
3258:
3247:. Retrieved
3236:
3226:
3215:. Retrieved
3211:the original
3201:
3189:. Retrieved
3180:
3171:
3160:. Retrieved
3135:
3131:
3122:
3111:. Retrieved
3107:the original
3102:
3093:
2947:
2937:
2912:
2904:
2848:
2813:Poison scale
2782:0.000000001
2768:
2757:0.000000002
2743:
2732:0.000000002
2718:
2693:
2660:Polonium-210
2624:
2623:0.000000045
2618:
2606:
2569:
2563:
2558:human, oral
2557:
2537:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2519:
2516:
2461:
2436:widow spider
2404:
2390:intravenous
2382:Tetrodotoxin
2363:Agent Orange
2229:human, oral
2221:
1975:
1972:Aflatoxin B1
1958:human, oral
1915:0.001–0.002
1909:human, oral
1901:
1890:0.001–0.002
1884:human, oral
1876:
1831:
1796:mouse, oral
1639:black pepper
1602:mouse, oral
1584:human, oral
1564:
1422:mouse, oral
1404:mouse, oral
1367:mouse, oral
1348:mouse, oral
1169:mouse, oral
1138:
1078:
1072:
1042:Formaldehyde
972:human, oral
384:
357:
310:
308:
300:
276:
261:
236:
217:
198:
179:
140:
110:
104:
98:. A lower LD
64:
57:
46:
42:
36:
7742:WikiProject
7679:Food safety
7511:Lethal dose
7370:Bactericide
7046:Compartment
6857:Patch clamp
6833:Schild plot
6174:Toolson E.
6003:(2): 16–24.
5418:www.cdc.gov
5314:"Bufotoxin"
4874:24 December
4211:24 December
3980:antizol.com
3414:utoronto.ca
3040:Draize test
2715:Shiga toxin
2707:0.00000001
2682:0.00000001
2652:0.00000005
2595:0.00000025
2475:0.00000146
2458:Epibatidine
2226:mushrooms)
2060:Caesium-137
2042:Brodifacoum
1949:Cantharidin
1840:mice, oral
1810:Carfentanil
1770:(CTX, from
1768:Chlorotoxin
1580:Pentaborane
1386:mice, oral
1220:Paracetamol
1135:benzopyrone
1123:{0.000059}
940:Cannabidiol
644:mice, oral
257:Haber's law
253:Fritz Haber
171:paracetamol
137:Conventions
105:The term LD
78:of a given
76:lethal dose
54:lethal dose
7784:Toxicology
7758:Categories
7674:Carcinogen
7545:Treatments
7416:Toxicology
7250:Physiology
7182:Toxicology
7074:psychology
7023:Metabolism
7013:Absorption
7007:Liberation
6849:Organ bath
6777:Functional
6656:Antagonist
6649:Inhibitory
6604:Excitatory
6331:2024-07-27
6306:2018-09-15
6196:2016-12-26
6137:2020-12-25
5929:2016-12-26
5748:2017-09-29
5734:"Fentanyl"
5428:2022-07-13
5353:2017-12-05
5328:2016-12-27
5318:ChemIDplus
5299:2016-12-26
5214:2020-01-06
5111:2014-01-03
5080:2019-01-31
5049:2016-12-26
5014:2016-12-27
4904:2016-12-26
4849:2016-12-26
4814:2007-07-13
4786:2011-09-30
4728:(1): 5–7.
4685:2011-07-31
4679:hazard.com
4609:2019-07-21
4580:2017-01-06
4518:2016-12-26
4489:2012-06-13
4427:2020-10-05
4247:2016-12-26
4227:"Ketamine"
4141:2009-03-31
4126:(Report).
4105:2019-01-17
4076:2016-12-26
4063:inchem.org
4041:2016-12-26
4012:2020-01-06
3961:2016-12-26
3891:2020-01-06
3818:2016-12-31
3789:2017-01-18
3676:2015-03-06
3623:2016-12-31
3592:2019-01-17
3563:2007-02-21
3534:2020-01-05
3427:2016-12-31
3392:2022-09-21
3341:2012-05-09
3312:2024-07-15
3249:2011-06-26
3217:2012-08-15
3162:2024-03-31
3113:2019-07-01
3086:References
2944:Procedures
2932:, and the
2892:−log
2831:−log
2723:bacteria)
2634:Maitotoxin
2625:0.0000023
2580:Ciguatoxin
2570:0.0000057
2568:0.0000006
2535:0.0000033
2533:0.0000007
2510:rosary pea
2450:0.0000043
2432:Latrotoxin
2396:0.0000082
2368:rat, oral
2361:(TCDD, in
2341:rat, oral
2158:Robustoxin
2103:rat, oral
2046:rat, oral
1983:rat, oral
1935:rat, oral
1873:Strychnine
1859:rat, oral
1833:Solanaceae
1754:rat, oral
1712:rat, oral
1644:rat, oral
1635:Piperidine
1621:rat, oral
1616:Vitamin D3
1545:rat, oral
1508:rat, oral
1490:rat, oral
1467:rat, oral
1448:rat, oral
1400:Bisoprolol
1314:rat, oral
1295:rat, oral
1275:0.185–6.4
1269:rat, oral
1243:rat, oral
1225:rat, oral
1188:rat, oral
1160:Psilocybin
1146:rat, oral
1121:{0.00028}
1105:rat, oral
1074:Solanaceae
1055:rat, oral
1028:rat, oral
1010:rat, oral
991:rat, oral
945:rat, oral
926:rat, oral
907:rat, oral
888:rat, oral
869:rat, oral
839:rat, oral
820:rat, oral
802:rat, oral
784:rat, oral
766:rat, oral
742:rat, oral
711:rat, oral
692:rat, oral
674:rat, oral
626:rat, oral
607:rat, oral
602:Glyphosate
588:rat, oral
541:Stevioside
527:rat, oral
508:rat, oral
489:rat, oral
485:Corn Syrup
471:rat, oral
452:rat, oral
433:Reference
399:Substance
297:Limitation
163:micrograms
147:milligrams
72:toxic unit
39:toxicology
7596:Incidents
7562:Cathartic
7032:Clearance
7028:Excretion
6847:Methods (
6367:199067092
6325:Ionactive
5795:CiteSeerX
5036:orica.com
4504:"Cocaine"
3998:"Arsenic"
3152:0080-4606
2865:has an LD
2797:3–5
2603:Palytoxin
2582:-1 (from
2547:Saxitoxin
2498:0.000002
2424:0.000005
2384:from the
2349:0.000022
2322:0.000025
2284:0.000036
2265:0.000050
2210:0.000134
2173:0.000150
2150:0.000172
2132:0.000178
2082:0.000245
2016:Bufotoxin
1997:Plutonium
1898:Aconitine
1772:scorpions
1725:Metallic
1598:Capsaicin
1483:(used in
1024:Ibuprofen
640:Aspartame
583:Vitamin C
566:(petrol)
340:mongooses
222:/30 or LD
192:" and "LD
159:botulinum
155:nanograms
80:substance
56:, 50%"),
7718:Category
7557:Antidote
7479:Concepts
7150:genetics
7122:Pharmacy
7109:Medicine
6919:Affinity
6878:Efficacy
6816:Analysis
6798:Toxicity
6548:Archived
6491:10100496
6383:Archived
6277:22217743
6154:Archived
6131:Archived
6103:20714422
6052:20631873
5979:23541883
5971:11261802
5868:54043321
5860:32625458
5765:Archived
5685:11217716
5617:18025465
5472:20713579
5422:Archived
5347:Archived
5322:Archived
5290:Archived
5258:ox.ac.uk
5180:32490307
5128:Archived
5102:Archived
5071:Archived
5008:Archived
4986:ox.ac.uk
4964:ox.ac.uk
4942:ox.ac.uk
4921:Archived
4868:Archived
4777:Archived
4773:noaa.gov
4752:24091634
4694:cite web
4661:19897075
4603:Archived
4599:Extoxnet
4574:Archived
4537:ox.ac.uk
4483:Archived
4418:Archived
4390:30689421
4382:15559678
4347:ox.ac.uk
4305:13659532
4266:ox.ac.uk
4238:Archived
4205:Archived
4158:Archived
4099:Archived
4035:Archived
4006:Archived
3885:Archived
3859:ox.ac.uk
3837:ox.ac.uk
3776:scbt.com
3729:ox.ac.uk
3708:Archived
3695:Russian.
3586:Archived
3469:10736380
3386:Archived
3360:ox.ac.uk
3243:Archived
3185:Archived
3156:Archived
2960:See also
2884:decibels
2880:loudness
2876:pH value
2720:Shigella
2608:Palythoa
2578:Pacific
2374:0.00002
2302:0.00003
2292:Fentanyl
2218:Amatoxin
2191:0.00014
2109:0.00022
2052:0.00027
2008:0.00032
1989:0.00048
1865:0.00303
1828:Nicotine
1820:0.00339
1559:Nicotine
1239:Caffeine
1202:Ketamine
1131:Coumarin
1102:(ADBAC)
1069:Solanine
959:Methanol
834:Fructose
780:Melamine
564:Gasoline
354:Examples
151:kilogram
7730:Commons
7694:Mutagen
7060:Related
7003:(L)ADME
6957:Initial
6941:Metrics
6888:Potency
6871:Metrics
6773:Binding
6743:Binding
6611:Agonist
6530:7896233
6456:7896233
6421:2210519
6268:3779131
6180:Values"
6122:PubChem
6094:2920541
6043:2901828
5851:7010203
5608:2141914
5556:9719666
5547:1567233
5507:6146485
5464:2390321
5201:LabChem
5171:7241456
4836:hmdb.ca
4743:3880486
4652:3145326
4570:Pubchem
4414:who.int
4234:nih.gov
4002:PubChem
3927:4852457
3582:PubChem
3504:9183561
3191:15 July
3058:(LOAEL)
3052:(NOAEL)
2801:(Gray)
2643:mouse,
2611:coral)
2296:monkey
2235:0.0001
2034:0.0003
1964:0.0005
1846:0.0033
1802:0.0037
1783:0.0043
1760:0.0064
1751:(NaCN)
1727:arsenic
1688:0.0165
1669:0.0218
1608:0.0472
1418:Cocaine
1381:Uranium
1137:, from
1119:0.3045
1005:Arsenic
902:Aspirin
798:Taurine
755:Sodium
725:Ethanol
621:Lactose
613:10.537
503:Glucose
466:Sucrose
458:>90
344:mammals
7516:Poison
7423:Fields
7062:fields
6528:
6489:
6454:
6419:
6365:
6275:
6265:
6224:
6101:
6091:
6050:
6040:
5977:
5969:
5923:(pptx)
5866:
5858:
5848:
5797:
5720:452023
5718:
5683:
5646:
5615:
5605:
5554:
5544:
5505:
5470:
5462:
5396:
5236:
5178:
5168:
4750:
4740:
4659:
4649:
4639:
4457:
4388:
4380:
4303:
4183:
3925:
3502:
3467:
3150:
3018:(LDLo)
3012:(TD50)
2874:, the
2849:The LD
2767:(from
2742:(from
2717:(from
2692:(from
2636:(from
2605:(from
2508:(from
2485:(from
2460:(from
2434:(from
2332:(from
2220:(from
2160:(from
2098:FCOONa
2018:(from
1980:mold)
1974:(from
1951:(from
1941:0.001
1900:(from
1875:(from
1835:genera
1793:(HCN)
1741:0.013
1718:0.014
1679:(LSD)
1658:Heroin
1650:0.030
1637:(from
1627:0.037
1551:0.052
1542:(NaF)
1532:0.057
1514:0.060
1496:0.064
1473:0.072
1464:(CdO)
1428:0.096
1392:0.114
1373:0.135
1364:(DDT)
1354:0.136
1249:0.192
1212:0.229
1194:0.238
1185:(HCl)
1175:0.280
1162:(from
1152:0.293
1092:0.590
1034:0.636
1016:0.763
997:0.790
988:(TNT)
942:(CBD)
923:(THC)
913:1.944
708:(CdS)
680:8.471
545:stevia
543:(from
524:(MSG)
328:snakes
230:, for
215:i.v."
141:The LD
41:, the
7536:Venom
7531:Toxin
7259:Other
6996:LADME
6363:S2CID
6190:(PDF)
6183:(PDF)
5975:S2CID
5864:S2CID
5468:S2CID
5293:(PDF)
5280:(PDF)
5208:(PDF)
5197:(PDF)
5105:(PDF)
5098:(PDF)
5074:(PDF)
5067:(PDF)
5043:(PDF)
5032:(PDF)
4843:(PDF)
4832:(PDF)
4808:(PDF)
4780:(PDF)
4769:(PDF)
4421:(PDF)
4410:(PDF)
4386:S2CID
4329:(PDF)
4322:(PDF)
4241:(PDF)
4230:(PDF)
4135:(PDF)
4124:(PDF)
4070:(PDF)
4059:(PDF)
3955:(PDF)
3944:(PDF)
3783:(PDF)
3772:(PDF)
3648:(PDF)
3641:(PDF)
3617:(PDF)
3610:(PDF)
3528:(PDF)
3521:(PDF)
3421:(PDF)
3410:(PDF)
3275:(PDF)
3268:(PDF)
3081:(pfu)
2863:water
2845:(12).
2751:mice
2726:mice
2701:mice
2506:Abrin
2444:mice
2439:venom
2413:venom
2351:0.02
2330:Ricin
2247:Hg(CH
2167:mice
2140:Sarin
2023:toads
1999:(Pu)
1777:mice
1732:rat,
1729:(As)
1590:0.05
1572:0.05
1454:0.08
1320:0.18
1301:0.18
1007:(As)
978:0.81
951:0.98
932:1.27
772:6.86
761:sarin
748:7.06
717:7.08
662:OC(NH
594:11.9
575:14.0
533:16.6
514:25.8
495:25.8
477:29.7
439:Water
378:to ED
324:venom
167:grams
165:, or
131:Botox
70:is a
7148:and
7072:and
6908:TD50
6904:LD50
6900:ED50
6896:IC50
6892:EC50
6694:Drug
6526:PMID
6487:PMID
6452:PMID
6417:PMID
6273:PMID
6222:ISBN
6099:PMID
6048:PMID
5967:PMID
5856:PMID
5716:PMID
5681:PMID
5644:ISBN
5613:PMID
5552:PMID
5503:PMID
5460:PMID
5394:ISBN
5234:ISBN
5176:PMID
4876:2020
4748:PMID
4700:link
4657:PMID
4637:ISBN
4455:ISBN
4378:PMID
4301:PMID
4213:2020
4181:ISBN
3923:PMID
3500:PMID
3465:PMID
3193:2006
3148:ISSN
3070:TCID
2990:IDLH
2916:and
2273:TBPO
2119:(ClF
2020:Bufo
1927:HgCl
1856:(P)
1440:CoCl
1410:0.1
1383:(U)
1340:COO)
1287:NaNO
1231:0.2
1061:0.6
826:4.1
698:7.7
658:Urea
569:rat
330:, LD
88:dose
18:LC50
7005:: (
6518:doi
6479:doi
6444:doi
6409:doi
6355:doi
6263:PMC
6255:doi
6251:132
6218:267
6089:PMC
6079:doi
6038:PMC
6028:doi
5957:doi
5953:176
5895:doi
5846:PMC
5836:doi
5805:doi
5708:doi
5673:doi
5636:doi
5603:PMC
5595:doi
5591:104
5542:PMC
5534:doi
5530:102
5495:doi
5452:doi
5166:PMC
5158:doi
4738:PMC
4730:doi
4647:PMC
4629:doi
4447:doi
4370:doi
4293:doi
3915:doi
3492:doi
3455:doi
3451:130
3140:doi
2896:(LD
2882:in
2835:(LD
1336:(CH
1261:AsS
861:MoO
650:10
632:10
556:15
424:{LC
410:{LC
366:(ED
312:cf.
161:),
65:LCt
37:In
7760::
6906:,
6902:,
6898:,
6894:,
6855:,
6851:,
6775:,
6524:.
6514:33
6512:.
6485:.
6475:40
6473:.
6450:.
6440:33
6438:.
6415:.
6405:28
6403:.
6361:.
6351:53
6349:.
6323:.
6294:.
6271:.
6261:.
6249:.
6245:.
6220:.
6178:50
6164:^
6129:.
6125:.
6119:.
6097:.
6087:.
6073:.
6069:.
6046:.
6036:.
6022:.
6018:.
5999:.
5987:^
5973:.
5965:.
5951:.
5947:.
5891:49
5889:.
5885:.
5862:.
5854:.
5844:.
5832:15
5830:.
5826:.
5803:.
5789:.
5736:.
5714:.
5704:47
5702:.
5679:.
5669:16
5667:.
5642:.
5611:.
5601:.
5589:.
5585:.
5550:.
5540:.
5528:.
5524:.
5501:.
5491:78
5489:.
5466:.
5458:.
5446:.
5416:.
5316:.
5282:.
5256:.
5199:.
5174:.
5164:.
5152:.
5148:.
5100:.
5069:.
5034:.
5006:.
4984:.
4962:.
4940:.
4892:.
4834:.
4775:.
4771:.
4746:.
4736:.
4726:88
4724:.
4720:.
4708:^
4696:}}
4692:{{
4677:.
4655:.
4645:.
4635:.
4597:.
4572:.
4568:.
4535:.
4506:.
4481:.
4477:.
4453:.
4416:.
4412:.
4398:^
4384:.
4376:.
4366:36
4364:.
4345:.
4299:.
4287:.
4264:.
4236:.
4232:.
4097:.
4093:.
4061:.
4033:.
4029:.
4004:.
4000:.
3978:.
3946:.
3921:.
3911:28
3909:.
3879:.
3857:.
3835:.
3806:.
3774:.
3727:.
3685:^
3666:50
3584:.
3580:.
3551:.
3498:.
3488:20
3486:.
3463:.
3449:.
3445:.
3412:.
3384:.
3380:.
3358:.
3331:50
3304:.
3241:.
3235:.
3179:.
3154:.
3146:.
3134:.
3130:.
3101:.
3072:50
3033:50
3031:IC
3024:50
3022:EC
2930:50
2926:UK
2922:50
2902:.
2898:50
2894:10
2888:50
2867:50
2859:50
2851:50
2837:50
2833:10
2827:50
2804:—
2799:Gy
2773:)
2748:)
2698:)
2673:)
2671:Po
2640:)
2586:)
2553:)
2512:)
2489:)
2441:)
2415:)
2365:)
2336:)
2256:)
2181:VX
2164:)
2123:)
2100:)
2094:CH
2073:)
2071:Cs
2025:)
1955:)
1932:)
1881:)
1837:)
1774:)
1709:)
1700:As
1641:)
1487:)
1445:)
1345:)
1332:UO
1292:)
1266:)
1166:)
1083:)
1052:)
1046:CH
969:)
967:OH
963:CH
894:3
875:4
866:)
857:Na
845:4
808:5
790:6
763:)
739:)
737:OH
733:CH
729:CH
671:)
547:)
449:)
426:50
420:50
418:LD
414:}
412:50
407:50
405:LD
391:50
387:50
382:.
380:50
376:50
368:50
360:50
348:50
332:50
303:50
291:50
283:50
279:50
268:50
244:50
239:50
224:50
220:50
213:50
209:50
194:99
186:50
182:50
175:50
143:50
127:50
115:50
107:50
100:50
92:50
84:50
67:50
60:50
58:LC
49:50
47:LD
45:,
7408:e
7401:t
7394:v
7034:)
7030:(
7009:)
6959:)
6955:(
6910:)
6890:(
6859:)
6804:)
6800:(
6779:)
6580:e
6573:t
6566:v
6532:.
6520::
6493:.
6481::
6458:.
6446::
6423:.
6411::
6369:.
6357::
6334:.
6309:.
6279:.
6257::
6230:.
6199:.
6140:.
6105:.
6081::
6075:8
6054:.
6030::
6024:8
6001:2
5981:.
5959::
5932:.
5903:.
5897::
5870:.
5838::
5811:.
5807::
5791:6
5751:.
5722:.
5710::
5687:.
5675::
5652:.
5638::
5619:.
5597::
5558:.
5536::
5509:.
5497::
5474:.
5454::
5448:9
5431:.
5402:.
5356:.
5331:.
5302:.
5242:.
5217:.
5182:.
5160::
5154:5
5134:.
5114:.
5083:.
5052:.
5017:.
4907:.
4878:.
4852:.
4817:.
4789:.
4754:.
4732::
4702:)
4688:.
4663:.
4631::
4612:.
4583:.
4521:.
4492:.
4463:.
4449::
4430:.
4392:.
4372::
4349:.
4307:.
4295::
4289:1
4250:.
4215:.
4144:.
4108:.
4079:.
4044:.
4015:.
3964:.
3929:.
3917::
3894:.
3821:.
3792:.
3679:.
3626:.
3595:.
3566:.
3537:.
3506:.
3494::
3471:.
3457::
3430:.
3395:.
3344:.
3315:.
3252:.
3220:.
3195:.
3165:.
3142::
3136:3
3116:.
2900:)
2839:)
2829:(
2662:(
2253:2
2251:)
2249:3
2245:(
2121:3
2096:2
2092:(
2062:(
1929:2
1925:(
1706:3
1704:O
1702:2
1698:(
1442:2
1438:(
1342:2
1338:3
1334:2
1330:(
1289:2
1285:(
1263:3
1259:(
1133:(
1050:O
1048:2
1044:(
965:3
961:(
863:4
859:2
855:(
735:2
731:3
727:(
668:2
666:)
664:2
660:(
447:O
445:2
443:H
441:(
190:1
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.