LGBT rights in Poland

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lub zbieżnej z instytucją małżeństwa. Uzupełniony tym zwrotem przepis konstytucyjny "miał pełnić rolę instrumentu zapobiegającego wprowadzeniu takiej regulacji do prawa polskiego" (A. Mączyński, Konstytucyjne podstawy prawa rodzinnego, s. 772). Innego motywu jego wprowadzenia do Konstytucji RP nie da się wskazać (szeroko w tym zakresie B. Banaszkiewicz, "Małżeństwo jako związek kobiety i mężczyzny", s. 640 i n.; zob. też Z. Strus, Znaczenie artykułu 18 Konstytucji, s. 236 i n.). Jak zauważa A. Mączyński istotą tej regulacji było normatywne przesądzenie nie tylko o niemożliwości unormowania w prawie polskim "małżeństw pomiędzy osobami tej samej płci", lecz również innych związków, które mimo tego, że nie zostałyby określone jako małżeństwo miałyby spełniać funkcje do niego podobną (A. Mączyński, Konstytucyjne podstawy prawa rodzinnego, s. 772; tenże, Konstytucyjne i międzynarodowe uwarunkowania, s. 91; podobnie L. Garlicki, Artykuł 18, w: Garlicki, Konstytucja, t. 3, uw. 4, s. 2, który zauważa, że w tym zakresie art. 18 nabiera "charakteru normy prawnej").

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konkubinatu, a w szczególności do związku osób o różnej płci, odpowiadającego od strony faktycznej stosunkowi małżeństwa (którym w myśl art. 18 Konstytucji jest wyłącznie związek osób różnej płci). Tego rodzaju interpretację Sąd Najwyższy, orzekający w niniejszej sprawie, w pełni podziela i nie znajduje podstaw do uznania za przekonywujące tych wypowiedzi pojawiających się w piśmiennictwie, w których podejmowane są próby kwestionowania takiej interpretacji omawianego pojęcia i sprowadzania go wyłącznie do konkubinatu (M. Płachta, K. Łojewski, A.M. Liberkowski). Rozumiejąc bowiem dążenia do rozszerzającej interpretacji pojęcia "wspólne pożycie", użytego w art. 115 § 11 k.k., należy jednak wskazać na całkowity brak w tym względzie dostatecznie precyzyjnych kryteriów.

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which he called for law enforcement agencies to check the legal and illegal sources of financing of the organizations of homosexual activists. He accused LGBT organisations of being involved with paedophiles and the illegal drug trade. He also wished to check if homosexual organisations penetrated Polish schools. In response to this, the State Prosecutor ordered all prosecutors to carefully check the financing of LGBT organizations, their alleged connections to criminal movements and their presence in schools. On 2 June 2006, a complaint about Wierzejski's statements had been rejected by the Warsaw district prosecutor, because "the statements cannot be treated as threatening or encouraging to crime".

758:) on the interpretation of the term "a person who has lived actually in cohabitation with the tenant" was issued with regard to the case of a gay man who was the partner of a deceased person, the main tenant of the apartment. The Court interpreted the law in a way that recognised the surviving partner as authorised to take over the right to tenancy. The Court stated that the person actually remaining in cohabitation with the tenant - in the meaning of Article 691 § 1 of the Civil Code - is a person connected with the tenant by a bond of emotional, physical and economic nature. This also includes a person of the same sex. Previously, in March 2010, the 4212:

podkreśla się, że art. 18 Konstytucji ustala zasadę heteroseksualności małżeństwa, będącą nie tyle zasadą ustroju, co normą prawną, która zakazuje ustawodawcy zwykłemu nadawania charakteru małżeństwa związkom pomiędzy osobami jednej płci (vide: L. Garlicki Komentarz do art. 18 Konstytucji, s. 2-3 Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Komentarz, Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, Warszawa 2003). Jest wobec tego oczywiste, że małżeństwem w świetle Konstytucji i co za tym idzie - w świetle polskiego prawa, może być i jest wyłącznie związek heteroseksualny, a więc w związku małżeńskim małżonkami nie mogą być osoby tej samej płci.

3191: 3180: 3066: 9298: 3677: 3691: 3115:, condemned the stickers. The Warsaw District Court ordered that distribution of the stickers should halt pending the resolution of a court case. However, Gazeta's editor dismissed the ruling saying it was "fake news" and censorship, and that the paper would continue distributing the sticker. Gazeta continued with the distribution of the stickers, but modified the decal to read "LGBT Ideology-Free Zone". 30: 3657: 3633: 3619: 3527: 3379: 3359: 3344: 3639: 3605: 3585: 3570: 3556: 3542: 3508: 3493: 3472: 3452: 3437: 3422: 3408: 3394: 718: 690: 662: 634: 606: 578: 550: 258:. Opinion polls on the public perception of LGBTQ rights in Poland have been contradictory, with many showing large support for registered partnerships, and some indicating a majority of opponents. The general trend however is an increase in the support for registered partnerships and same-sex marriage. Many left-wing and liberal political parties, namely the 2586:, stated that she was "deeply concerned about the propagation of negative and inflammatory homophobic narratives by many public officials in Poland, including people in the highest ranks of government... Stigmatisation and hate directed at certain individuals or groups of people carry a real risk of legitimising violence, sometimes with fatal consequences." 894:

because any surgery resulting in infertility is prohibited by Polish law (as stated in Polish Penal Code: Kodeks Karny art. 156 §1), with a few exceptions in cases such as uterine cancer or myoma. That is, castration on request is illegal and transgender individual must first seek a legal change, since just a medical diagnosis from a doctor is not enough.

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literature. In another interview abroad, he invited the interviewer to Warsaw to visit one of the many gay clubs in the capital. He also confirmed that there are some homosexuals in his own party, but said they would rather not open their private lives to the public. This was also confirmed by the Member of the European Parliament from PiS,

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generally ineffective. State authorities, predominantly the government ruling since 2015, have endeavoured to deprive anti-discrimination provisions (mostly enacted in the process of implementation of EU law) of any practical significance, whereas courts were neither eager nor able to resist this process, to put it delicately.

282:, have expressed support for the gay rights movement. Legalization of same-sex partnerships is also a part of political programme of Civic Coalition and the Third Way for the 2023 parliamentary elections. In November 2023, a same-sex married couple issued Polish courts to rectify the legality of same-sex marriages. 973: 2942:, as well as by the Union of Polish Teachers, who organized a march through Warsaw (attended by 10,000 people) condemning the Ministry's policy. The bill was not voted on, and the Government soon failed, leading to new parliamentary elections in which the League of Polish Families won no parliamentary seats. 2783:. He said: "I think that this kind of propaganda should not take place in schools, it has to be calmly and consistently opposed", and that "f such a law was created and would be well written, I do not exclude that I would approach it seriously." Such a law would violate the Polish Constitution and the 4206: 4069:

Z przeprowadzonej powyżej analizy prac nad Konstytucją RP wynika jednoznacznie, że zamieszczenie w art. 18 Konstytucji RP zwrotu definicyjnego "związek kobiety i mężczyzny" stanowiło reakcję na fakt pojawienia się w państwach obcych regulacji poddającej związki osób tej samej płci regulacji zbliżonej

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In September 2020, ambassadors from 50 countries stationed in Poland published an open letter " tribute to the hard work of LGBTI and other communities in Poland and around the world" and calling to "end discrimination in particular on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity". Polish Prime

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Biedroń has spoken of significant societal change towards homosexuality and LGBT people. He had occasionally been publicly beaten on the streets and insulted, but said in 2018 that residents now smile and greet him. As a mayor, Biedroń marries local couples. "I’m extremely jealous because I see their

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printer acted illegally when he refused to print banners for an LGBT business group. The court argued that the principle of equality meant the printer did not have the right to withhold services from the business. The court also ruled that sexual orientation, race or other features of a person cannot

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approved the bill allowing gay and lesbian couples to register their relationship. Parties to a civil union under the bill would have been given a great range of benefits, protections and responsibilities (e.g. pension funds, joint tax and death-related benefits), currently granted only to spouses in

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This brief overview concentrates on some problematic issues regarding the interpretation of provisions implementing the EU general principle of equal treatment.58 However, the overall picture emerging from these detail-focused considerations is that the principle of equal treatment in Poland appears

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party, was asked if he would hire a homosexual. He answered that he would not care about personal relationships, as long as the person who was to be hired was not running around half-naked. Andrzej Duda also stated that "matters that are vital for society are not dealt with while others, undoubtedly

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said that gay MPs should sit at the back of the Parliament or even behind a wall and should not have important positions in Parliament. He also said that pride parades should not take place in the city centres, but in the suburbs of cities. The former president also stated that minorities should not

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had higher levels of opposition. A poll in July 2009 showed that 87% of Poles were against gay adoption. A poll from 23 December 2009 for Newsweek Poland reported another shift towards more positive attitudes. Sixty percent of respondents stated that they would have no objections to having an openly

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In 2005 the Ministry of Health has changed the laws regarding blood donation, eliminating the "risk groups" that included gay men, and replaced them with "risk behaviours" such as frequent changes in sexual partners, or having sexual relations with a HIV-positive persons. As "risk behaviours" can be

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who called the ruling "against freedom" and "state violence in service of the ideology of homosexual activists". Ziobro filed a case with the Constitutional Tribunal to recognize the provision on the basis of which the printer was convicted as unconstitutional. On 26 June 2019, the Tribunal issued a

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states that "Marriage, being a union of a man and a woman, as well as the family, motherhood and parenthood, shall be placed under the protection and care of the Republic of Poland." This has led to much debate over whether or not it is a definitive ban on same-sex marriage. A ruling in 2019 from an

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Ustawa o świadczeniach zdrowotnych finansowanych ze środków publicznych nie wyjaśnia, co prawda, kto jest małżonkiem. Pojęcie to zostało jednak dostatecznie i jasno określone we wspomnianym art. 18 Konstytucji RP, w którym jest mowa o małżeństwie jako o związku kobiety i mężczyzny. W piśmiennictwie

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politicians at the parade, saying that "they are not serious politicians, but just gays and a couple of baton strikes will deter them from coming again. Gays are cowards by definition." A day later, he wrote a letter to the Minister of the Interior and Administration and the Minister of Justice, in

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indicated that Polish public opinion was overwhelmingly opposed to same-sex marriage and to adoption by same-sex couples. A 2006 Eurobarometer poll found that 74% and 89% of Poles respectively were opposed to same-sex marriage and adoption by same-sex couples. Of the EU member states surveyed, only

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In 2008, the National Blood Center proposed regulations banning blood donation by gay and bisexual men, and addition of a question "Have you, as a man, ever had any sexual relations with another men?" into the mandatory pre-donation questionaries. The proposal was quickly rejected by the Institute

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A transgender individual must face a number of obstacles before having their legal gender changed, such as suing their parents. On the basis of offered further evidence (such as a medical diagnosis, medical records, witness/parental statements, etc.) a court may either pass sentence or refuse to do

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The major opposition to introducing same-sex marriages or civil unions comes from the Roman Catholic Church, which is influential politically, holding a considerable degree of influence in the state. The Church also enjoys immense social prestige. The Church holds that homosexuality is a deviation.

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gay rights activist, Brendan Fay and Tom Moulton, which Kaczyński had not sought permission to use. The presidential address outraged left-wing political parties and gay rights activists, who subsequently invited the two to Poland and demanded apologies from the President, which he did not issue.

2610:(Samoobrona). The politicians of these parties have often been labelled as "homophobic" by LGBT rights activists, both before and after the 2005 elections. Prominent government figures have made several homophobic and unscientific comments with regards to homosexuality, and have tried to suppress 893:

Legal gender changes have been performed since the 1960s. Transgender people seeking to change their legal gender must receive a medical diagnosis. Only after the legal gender has been changed does a transgender individual gain the right to undergo sex reassignment surgery. The reason for this is

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Constitutional bans on same-sex marriage are now applicable in ten European countries: Article 32, Belarus Constitution; Article 46 Bulgarian Constitution; Article L Hungarian Constitution, Article 110, Latvian Constitution; Article 38.3 Lithuanian Constitution; Article 48 Moldovan Constitution;

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Jarosław Kaczyński has been less harsh in his descriptions of homosexuality. In one interview, he stated that he had always been "in favour of tolerance" and that "the issue of intolerance towards gay people had never been a Polish problem". He said he did not recall gays being persecuted in the

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On 17 March 2008, Kaczyński delivered a presidential address to the nation on public television, in which he described same-sex marriage as an institution contrary to the widely accepted moral order in Poland and the moral beliefs of the majority of the population. The address featured a wedding

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In 2004 and 2005, Warsaw officials denied permission to organize it, because of various reasons including the likelihood of counter-demonstrations, interference with religious or national holidays, and the lack of a permit. Despite this, about 2,500 people marched illegally on 11 June 2005. Ten

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A 2008 study revealed that 66% of Poles believed that gay people should not have the right to organize public demonstrations, 69% of Poles believed that gay people should not have the right to show their way of life. Also, 37% of Poles believed that gay people should have the right to engage in

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concluded that "the LGBTI community in Poland faces widespread and ingrained discrimination across the country" and that "Poland's legal system falls dangerously short when it comes to protecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) people and other minority groups from hate

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In 2007, an anti-discrimination law was under preparation by the Ministry of Labour that would prohibit discrimination on different grounds, including sexual orientation, not only in work and employment, but also in social security and social protection, health care, and education, although the

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in the early 1920s. Although kept secret and devoid of legal recognition, their commitment was founded on loyalty, the presumption of permanence, and a 'friendship for life oath' that included vows never to separate, to defend and support each other, and to maintain the confidentiality of their

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nie dopuszcza więc związków jednopłciowych. Małżeństwo (jako związek kobiety i mężczyzny) uzyskało w prawie krajowym RP odrębny status konstytucyjny zdeterminowany postanowieniami art. 18 Konstytucji. Zmiana tego statusu byłaby możliwa jedynie przy zachowaniu rygorów trybu zmiany Konstytucji,

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more severely than other minority groups and acknowledged that many eminent Polish celebrities and public figures of that era were widely known to be homosexual. Jarosław Kaczyński also remarked that there are a lot of gay clubs in Poland and that there is a substantial amount of gay press and

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A poll conducted in April 2024 by United Surveys showed growing support for recognition of same-sex families in Poland with 50% of respondents supported same-sex marriage and 66% supported same-sex civil partnership. 86% of supporters of the ruling coalition supported same-sex marriage and 97%

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Between 2015 and 2020, the Polish government has worked to reduce the effectiveness of the anti-discriminatory protections granted to LGBT people under EU law. Examining recent anti-discrimination cases, legal scholar Marcin Górski found that "the principle of equal treatment in Poland appears

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In November 2018, following government pressure and threats, more than 200 schools cancelled a planned anti-bullying campaign called "Rainbow Friday", which the Campaign Against Homophobia had promoted in hopes of building greater acceptance for LGBT students in Poland and fighting hatred and

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provision of and access to goods and services would only be subject to a prohibition of discrimination on grounds of race or ethnic origin. On 1 January 2011, a new law on equal treatment entered into force. It prohibits sexual orientation discrimination in employment only. In September 2015,

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While Poland possesses no specific law on cohabitation, it does have a few provisions in different legal acts or Supreme Court rulings that recognise relations between unmarried partners and provides said partners specific rights and obligations. For example, Article 115(11) of the Penal Code

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W dotychczasowym orzecznictwie Sądu Najwyższego, wypracowanym i ugruntowanym zarówno w okresie obowiązywania poprzedniego, jak i obecnego Kodeksu postępowania karnego, a także w doktrynie (por. wypowiedzi W. Woltera, A. Zolla, A. Wąska), pojęcie "wspólne pożycie" odnoszone jest wyłącznie do

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52.5% thought that the current scale of promotion of gay content is excessive, 27.9% thought that pictures of gay parades or practices disgust them, 22.3% thought that the media blur the true image of homosexuality and 29.3% thought that gay content is not a private matter of the homosexual

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proposed recognition for same-sex civil partnerships. Opposition parties won most seats in the parliament and senate, giving hope to the LGBT community that the bill might be approved. But some analysts say that even if the bill is passed, it may still get vetoed by conservative president

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In March 2021, the Polish government announced a new law that banned the adoption of children by same-sex couples. The law will also require authorities to vet candidates applying for adoption as a single parent to ensure that they are not cohabitating with someone of the same sex.

2911:, the Deputy Prime Minister of Poland and Minister of Education, dismissed Mirosław Sielatycki, the director of the National In-Service Teacher Training Centre, because "a lot of books were encouraging teachers to organize meetings with LGBT non-governmental organizations such as 2752:

stated that his opinion about homosexual people changed when he met a Polish gay emigrant in London. The man stated that he "fled from Poland because he was gay and would not have freedom in his country". Marcinkiewicz concluded that he would not want anyone to flee from Poland.

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administrative court concluded that the language in Article 18 does not explicitly ban same-sex marriage. The justification of the ruling regarding the meaning of Article 18 is not binding. The sentence is binding only on the parties in the proceedings. Earlier judgments of the

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guarantees equality in accordance with the law and prohibits discrimination based on "any reason". The proposal to include a prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation in the Constitution was rejected in 1995, after strong Catholic Church objections.

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portal that openly gay personnel would face social difficulty, especially for higher ranks, as for "commanding staff - officers and high-ranking NCOs - admitting to same-sex attraction would mean losing respect - qualities without which you simply cannot be a commander".

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released a document which recommended the creation of counseling centres "to help people who want to regain their sexual health and natural sexual orientation". It insists that the scientific consensus that conversion therapy is ineffective and potentially harmful to be

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In July 2015, the Polish Sejm approved a transgender recognition bill. Under the bill, transgender people would have been able to change gender without any physical interventions, but would have required statements from mental health experts that they are suffering from

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The Polish ministry of Justice is funding a campaign for "counteracting crimes related to the violation of freedom of conscience committed under the influence of LGBT ideology", which is meant to protect people who "suffer under the pressure of new leftist ideologies".

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of less than 10,000 every year, until 2015 when the parade attracted 18 thousand attendees. Since then, attendance has increased dramatically, culminating in the 2018 parade which attracted 45,000 attendees. On 8 June 2019, around 50,000 people marched in the event.

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the drafters of the 1997 Polish Constitution included a legal definition of a marriage as the union of a woman and a man in the text of the constitution in order to ensure that the introduction of same-sex marriage would not be passed without a constitutional

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that "we are waiting with hope for the next letter, this time in defense of murdered Christians, imprisoned #ProLife activists, people dismissed from work and persecuted for quoting the Bible, people subjected to euthanasia against their will."

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In a CBOS opinion poll from August 2013, a majority (56%) of respondents stated that "homosexuality is always wrong and can never be justified". 26% stated that there is nothing wrong with it and can always be justified". 12% were indifferent.

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for homosexuals and heterosexuals, which was set at 15. Poland provides LGBT people with the same rights as heterosexuals in certain areas: gay and bisexual men are allowed to donate blood, gays and bisexuals are allowed to serve openly in the

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The 2023 Eurobarometer found that 50% of Polish people thought same-sex marriage should be allowed throughout Europe (45% disagreed), and 55% agreed that "there is nothing wrong in a sexual relationship between two persons of the same sex".

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In November 2020 a law was proposed to only allow married couples to adopt. This would make it impossible for same-sex couples to adopt, due to same-sex marriage not being allowed in Poland. Demonstrations were unable to be held, due to the

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Historian Kamil Karczewski has documented a homosexual relationship that could be considered the first known case of a same-sex marriage in Poland's history. This union involved Marian Kuleszyński and Stefan Góralski, residents of the

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According to Gregory E. Czarnecki, there are some similarities between antisemitism and homophobia in Polish nationalist discourse, especially that both groups are seen as deviant and diseased as well as a threat to the nation.

326:) decriminalized consensual same-sex acts. The decision had already been taken in the early 1920s and represented the success of long-lasting transnational advocacy. Homosexual prostitution remained illegal. According to lawyer 2806:

called the LGBT rights movement a "foreign imported threat to the nation". During a lecture on patriotism, Kaczynski also said "everyone must accept Christianity". That same month, after an activist displayed posters of the

2724:, as the Prime Minister of Poland, stated that "people with such preferences have full rights in Poland, there is no tradition in Poland of persecuting such people". He also asked the President of the European Commission, 1057:

In 2010, an IIBR opinion poll conducted for Newsweek Poland found that 43% of Poles agreed that openly gay people should be banned from military service. 38% thought that such a ban should not exist in the Polish military.

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have ruled that Article 18 of the Constitution limits the institution of marriage to opposite-sex couples, and that the legalization of same-sex marriage would require a constitutional amendment. Poland does not recognise

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states that "Marriage, as a union of a man and a woman, shall be placed under the protection and care of the Republic of Poland." According to several jurists, this article bans same-sex marriage. The Supreme Court, the

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proposed a bill that would have banned homosexual people from the teaching profession and would also have allowed sacking those teachers who promote "the culture of homosexual lifestyle". At that time, Giertych was the

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The legal situation of non-heterosexual and transsexual persons in Poland: International standards for the protection of LGBT persons human rights and compliance therewith from standpoint of the Commissioner for Human

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In 2007, PBS conducted an opinion poll associated with Roman Giertych's speech at a meeting of EU education ministers in Heidelberg. The pollster asked respondents if they agreed with Minister Giertych's statements:

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be the basis for refusal to offer a service, but that freedom of conscience and religion must also be taken into account. The Campaign Against Homophobia welcomed the ruling, but it was condemned by Justice Minister

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for Dr. Natalia Zimniewicz, 30% of Poles wanted a ban on public promotion of gay content, and 17.3% would not support that ban, but would want another form of limiting the freedom of promotion of such information.

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During the coronavirus pandemic in April 2020, several LGBT activists began handing out rainbow facemasks within certain of the concerned local government areas as a direct protest of the "LGBT-free zoning".

2880:, Deputy Minister of Education, stated that an international project organized by LGBT NGOs and financially supported by the European Commission Youth Programme would lead to the "depravity of young people". 330:, these provisions were applied very broadly to homosexual couples to prevent them living together; any type of gift or paying for a partner's food, clothing, or lodging could be interpreted as prostitution. 363:

in Poland, though cohabiting same-sex couples do enjoy certain limited benefits, namely in the tenancy of a shared household, the right not to testify against the partner and residency rights under EU law.

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voted to reject five proposed bills that would have introduced civil partnerships for both opposite-sex and same-sex couples. The High Court later issued an opinion stating that the bills proposed by the

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rejected the call, saying that "tolerance belongs to Polish DNA... Nobody needs to teach us tolerance, because we are a nation that has learned such tolerance for centuries", while senior politician

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was strongly disapproving towards LGBT legislation when it was the ruling party in Poland in 2007–2015, as of late its leaders have started expressing more favourable stances towards the community.

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In October 2018, the Supreme Administrative Court ruled that a lesbian couple may register their 4-year-old boy as their child. Polish media described the case as "the first of its kind in Poland".

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art. 18 Konstytucji RP, który definiuje małżeństwo jako związek kobiety i mężczyzny, a tym samym wynika z niego zasada nakazująca jako małżeństwo traktować w Polsce jedynie związek heteroseksualny.

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connected with the leftist ideology, are being pushed forward. They are, in my view, destroying the traditional family which, since the dawn of mankind, has assured its development and endurance."

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Homosexuality is a deviation, we cannot promote as a normal relationship one between persons of the same sex in teaching young people, because objectively they are deviations from the natural law.

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remained in power. They mostly criminalized male same-sex acts, though the Austrian code included broader provisions against so-called "same-sex fornication" and was also used against women.

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happiness. I’m 15 years with my partner and it’s still a dream. It’s not fair that in 2018 two adults cannot get married if they love each other and are committed to each other.", he said.

250:. There is a visible gay scene with clubs all around the country, most of them located in large urban areas. There are also several gay rights organizations, the two biggest ones being the 7558: 2571:

impose themselves upon the majority. Wałęsa could not have been accused of inciting to hatred because the Polish Penal Code does not include inciting to hatred against sexual orientation.

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Since 1995. Birth certificates are immutable. Instead, an addendum is appended in the birth certificate wrt. the sex change court order and legal name change. Proposed to faster change

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practice. The MPs plan to introduce the bill to the Polish Parliament where it will have its first reading in the upcoming months. Such a ban would implement the recommendation of the

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Since the 1990s, lesbian, gay and bisexual people are not banned from military service and discrimination against them is officially forbidden. However, there is an unwritten rule of "

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condemned the arrest as "just another example of the constant harassment" and said that the activist "now faces up to two years in prison if found guilty under these absurd charges".

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A CBOS opinion poll from February 2014 found that 70% of Poles believed that same-sex sexual activity "is morally unacceptable", while only 22% believed it "is morally acceptable".

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As of 2019, a bill is pending in Parliament to provide penalty enhancements if a crime is motivated by the victim's gender, gender identity, age, disability or sexual orientation.

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W doktrynie prawa konstytucyjnego wskazuje się nadto, że jedyny element normatywny, dający się odkodować z art. 18 Konstytucji, to ustalenie zasady heteroseksualności małżeństwa.

2622:"Let's not be misled by the brutal propaganda of homosexuals' postures of tolerance. It is a kind of madness, and for that madness, our rule will indeed be for them a dark night" 6875: 4913: 5482: 4777: 3292:

In recent years, the parade has attracted widespread support from corporations and regional governments. The main partner of the 2018 parade was the regional Government of the

964:. The draft bill aims to ban using, promoting or advertising conversion practices. It will also prohibit promoting people or entities that offer, use, advertize or promote the 5394: 3483:(2018), EU countries are required to recognize all marriages performed in other EU countries for some residency purposes. Proposed to recognize Same-sex marriage from abroad. 8100: 7898: 7108: 4891: 8081: 4325: 6391: 6340: 2524:

The parties on the left of the political scene generally approve of the postulates of the gay rights movement and vote in favour of LGBT legislation. The New Left, Modern,

8194: 394:

relationship. This discovery marks a significant milestone in Poland's LGBTQ+ history, offering insights into the complexities of same-sex relationships in earlier times.

9219: 6512: 2995:

supports LGBT rights, including same-sex marriage and civil unions. A prominent party member is a gay activist, former member of the Sejm (2011–2014) and former Mayor of

9086: 8164: 9236: 9202: 5457: 430:

were all unconstitutional, as Article 18 of the Constitution protects marriage. In December 2014, the Sejm refused to deal with a civil partnership bill proposed by

467:

notified the Polish government of cases filed by Polish same-sex couples, inviting the Polish government to present its position on the issue (Andersen v. Poland).

9192: 7629: 5703: 4821: 1033:

A survey from 2005 found that 89% of the population considered homosexuality an unnatural activity. Nevertheless, half believed homosexuality should be tolerated.

6912: 5994: 242:

Acceptance for LGBT people in Polish society increased in the 1990s and the early 2000s, mainly amongst younger people and those living in larger cities such as

8632: 4256: 997:

performed by a person regardless of gender or sexuality, that ensured legal right for queer people to donate blood as long as they have met other requirements.

8716: 8456: 7919: 5268: 1012:. In a response letter later the same month RCKiK Bydgoszcz has made a choice to reevaluate their questionaries in favour of more non discriminatory language. 6978: 9006: 8921: 457: 8533: 8323: 6495: 6051: 9711: 9111: 7832: 7704: 6020: 5864:

Kulpa, Roberto (2020). "Antisemitism and Homophobia in Polish Liberal Discourses: The Cultural Logic of Comparison and a Proposal for Intersectionality".

5228: 7885: 5152: 5130: 5108: 5086: 5064: 8430: 6473: 223:, PiS focused on countering alleged Western "LGBT ideology". Encouraged by national PiS politicians, by April 2020, 100 municipalities (including five 8699: 182:

ruled that the provision of Polish Petty Offence Code, which made it illegal to deny goods and services without "a just cause", was unconstitutional.

8907: 5629:↑ Craig A. Rimmerman: Gay rights, military wrongs: political perspectives on lesbians and gays in the military. New York: Garland Pub., 1996, s. 13. 4613: 8852: 8610: 6433: 2841:

had signed, saying that it was "an attempt to sexualize children by force" and "raise children who will be given away to pedophiles at some point".

2578:

has highlighted "homophobic statements by leading public figures, creating an atmosphere of hate and intolerance" since 2007. In December 2020, the

1008:) has included questions about same sex relations among both men and women in their mandatory questionaries, as brought to attention in a letter by 9334: 9125: 8973: 7272: 6555: 5890: 5752: 4359: 1104: 7770: 7566: 3168: 2922:

On 21 May 2006, Roman Giertych said that "LGBT organizations are sending transsexuals to kindergartens and asking children to change their sex".

2579: 5840: 2401: 438:

said that civil partnerships were an issue for the next Parliament to deal with. A new partnership bill was proposed on 12 February 2018 by the

8765: 2512:

An Ipsos poll in June 2024 have found that 67% of Poles support the right of same-sex couples to marry or legally register their relationship.

7861: 7203: 5972: 2501:

4% believe that their national government effectively combats prejudice and intolerance against LGBTI people (33%) — the lowest rate in the EU

8507: 7285: 6763: 6577: 5781: 4308: 193:, and as such, public perception and acceptance of the LGBT community are strongly influenced by Catholic moral doctrines. Article 18 of the 8138: 5360: 4099:

Article 71 Montenegrin Constitution; Article 18 Polish Constitution; Article 62 Serbian Constitution; and Article 51 Ukrainian Constitution.

934:

results in being automatically assigned as "permanently and completely unfit for military service, both in the time of conflict and peace".

8029: 7348: 6676: 2467: 456:

members states must grant married same-sex couples, where at least one partner is an EU citizen, full residency rights and recognise their

6737: 9072: 8865: 7687: 7307: 5436: 5038: 4342: 3003:. He has been described as a young, rising political star in Poland, and is viewed as a frontrunner for the presidency. Former President 7396: 6816: 6617: 5284: 7532: 4921: 4835: 9058: 7251: 7225: 7085: 6156: 5529: 2498:

19% say that LGBTI prejudice and intolerance has dropped in their country in the last five years (40%); 68% say they have risen (36%)

7157: 5391: 4112: 2548:, are generally against any changes in legislation. Out of these, PiS takes the strongest oppositional stance on homosexual issues. 2505:

According to the survey, Poland has the largest gap in the EU between life satisfaction of LGBTI people and the general population.

9271: 8806: 7116: 5517: 5501: 2899:. While condemning the parade, he stated the "deviants" should be "hit with batons". He also commented on the possible presence of 974:

United Nations Independent Expert on Protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity

354: 117: 8297: 6457: 4186: 3852: 2463:

survey conducted in March 2023 showed that 54% of Poles supported LGBT rights, such as same-sex marriage, while 38% were opposed.

7736: 7499: 6841: 6789: 6708: 6344: 3122:

organization launched a campaign to counter the attacks. Some 10,000 people signed a petition shortly after the campaign launch.

3097:

the party has focused on countering Western "LGBT ideology". Several Polish municipalities and four Voivodeships made so-called "

2827: 2792: 406:

a marriage, although they would not have been allowed to adopt children. The bill lapsed in the 2005 general election, however.

9462: 5334: 3822: 3804: 3752: 3171:, "Far from being merely words on paper, these declarations and charters directly impact the lives of LGBTI people in Poland." 2873: 2607: 2537: 382: 203: 8195:"45 tysięcy osób w Paradzie Równości. "Walczymy o siebie, o naszych przyjaciół, o nasze dzieci". Relacje pięknych uczestników" 8172: 4500:

Hildebrandt, Achim (2014). "Routes to decriminalization: A comparative analysis of the legalization of same-sex sexual acts".

3111:

newspaper issued "LGBT-free zone" stickers to readers. The Polish opposition and diplomats, including US Ambassador to Poland

9392: 9283: 8729: 8686: 8104: 6692: 5873: 4399: 2816: 8666:

Karczewski, Kamil. (2022). “Call Me by My Name:” A “Strange and Incomprehensible” Passion in the Polish Kresy of the 1920s.

5949: 2474:

83% often or always avoid holding hands with their same-sex partner (61% in the EU at large) — second-highest rate in the EU

9327: 7615: 6899: 4986: 166:, and transgender people are allowed to change their legal gender following certain requirements, which include undergoing 5676: 5616: 3282:

In 2005, 33% of the Warsaw population were for the organisation of the Parada Równości. In 2008, that figure fell to 25%.

2636:"If a person tries to infect others with their homosexuality, then the state must intervene in this violation of freedom." 2204: 1074: 6667: 3966: 2784: 7721: 7003: 5711: 5602: 5580: 4857: 2685:, Waldemar Bonkowski, a leading member of PiS, hung up a banner that read, "Today it’s gays and lesbians – what’s next, 9254: 8583: 8558: 7808: 7029: 5826: 3729: 3305: 3094: 3086: 2865: 2850: 2595: 471: 220: 212: 8659:

Karczewski, Kamil. (2022). Transnational Flows of Knowledge and the Legalisation of Homosexuality in Interwar Poland.

8482: 8085: 2934:

and the Minister of Education. The proposition gained a lot of attention in the media and was widely condemned by the

943: 345:

partners. Homosexual prostitution was legalized in 1969. Homosexuality was removed from the list of diseases in 1991.

9706: 9599: 9412: 9207: 5998: 5916: 5634: 5174: 4091: 4062: 4033: 3862: 3724: 3008: 2885: 2697: 2693:

is looking down from the sky and asking, 'Whither goest thou, Poland?'" on the wall of the local party headquarters.

1077:, 68% of Poles were against gays and lesbians publicly showing their way of life, 65% of Poles were against same-sex 419: 295: 8735: 5013: 4700: 305:, same-sex activity continued to be formally criminalized in now-independent Poland, because the penal codes of the 9665: 9437: 9224: 8324:"USTAWA z dnia 3 grudnia 2010 r. o wdrożeniu niektórych przepisów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie równego traktowania" 7847: 5200: 4330:

55 proc. Polaków jest przeciwna prawnemu umożliwieniu zawierania związków partnerskich przez osoby tej samej płci.

2815:

denounced the posters as "cultural barbarism". The activist was subsequently arrested by the police on charges of "

378: 232: 199: 179: 83: 63: 6642: 5734: 5648: 4269: 298:(1939–1945), laws prohibiting homosexuality were imposed on the territory that makes up the current Polish state. 9732: 9320: 8405: 8380: 8355: 8330: 6492: 6055: 5411: 4800:"SN: Projekty ustaw o związkach niezgodne z Konstytucją. Zobacz co sędziowie odpowiedzieli posłom już w ub. roku" 2931: 1091:

An Ipsos survey in October 2019 found that a majority of Polish men under 40 believe that "the LGBT movement and

7724:[Where in Poland were the resolutions adopted against "LGBT ideology"?] (in Polish). ONET. 23 July 2019. 7669: 6530: 6028: 5555: 5225: 157:

Both male and female same-sex sexual activity were decriminalized in 1932, when the country introduced an equal

9680: 9632: 9524: 9519: 7937: 7589: 3851:; Krieger, Joel; Crahan, Margaret E.; Jacobs, Lawrence R.; Joseph, William A.; Paul, James A. (2 August 2001). 3247: 865:

an employee for severe homophobic remarks he made on the company's internal website. Poland's justice minister

759: 488: 464: 2627: 7139: 3101:" declarations, partly in response to the signing of a declaration in support of LGBT rights by Warsaw Mayor 8242: 7771:"Polish ruling party whips up LGBTQ hatred ahead of elections amid 'gay-free' zones and Pride march attacks" 385:

have found the Constitution bans same-sex marriage by defining marriage as a heterosexual-only institution.

9637: 9484: 8799: 8707: 2959:

Homosexual propaganda needs to be limited, so children will not have an improper perspective on the family.

2678:, wrote that homosexuals were "animals" and "the emissaries of Satan sent to destroy the Catholic Church". 930:

Openly transgender people are officially barred from military service on the medical grounds. Diagnosis of

774:

Same-sex couples are unable to legally adopt in Poland. Furthermore, lesbian couples do not have access to

492: 5782:"Kościół chce tworzyć poradnie dla osób LGBT. Chodzi o "pragnących odzyskać naturalną orientację płciową"" 4726: 4294: 2477:

51% often or always avoid certain locations for fear of being assaulted (33%) — the highest rate in the EU

735:

recognized a same-sex cohabitation. On 6 December 2007, this ruling was confirmed by the Supreme Court of

9642: 9604: 8901: 6556:"Po raz pierwszy w Polsce zwolennicy jednopłciowych związków partnerskich są w większości. Może już czas" 5308: 3980: 2952:

Homosexual propaganda is growing in Europe, is reaching the younger children and is weakening the family.

2912: 2733: 2541: 1009: 980: 953: 919: 334: 251: 167: 9187: 9063: 8940: 7422: 7176: 5244: 3207: 189:

views about issues dealing with LGBT rights. A majority of the Polish population is affiliated with the

9584: 9179: 3219: 2780: 2406: 267: 8220: 906:. The bill was approved 252 to 158. The Senate proceeded to approve the bill in August, but President 9554: 9514: 9494: 9474: 9377: 8926: 8846: 3649: 2854: 2603: 862: 446: 174:, although such protections may not be effective in practice. No protections for health services and 8840: 8758: 7370: 7349:"LGBT - co oznacza ten skrót? Dariusz Piontkowski, polityk PiS rozszyfrował nazwę - Dzień Dobry TVN" 5502:"Ikea sued by Polish government for sacking homophobe who told colleagues gay people deserved death" 9670: 9489: 9231: 9130: 8054: 7293: 6578:"Polki i Polacy gotowi na związki partnerskie i równość małżeńską [SONDAŻE I EUROBAROMETR]" 4313:

aż 60 proc. pytanych uważa, że para gejów lub lesbijek powinna mieć prawo do związku partnerskiego

4309:"Polki i Polacy gotowi na związki partnerskie i równość małżeńską [SONDAŻE I EUROBAROMETR]" 3848: 3269: 3264: 3260:, who said that allowing an official pride event in Warsaw would promote a "homosexual lifestyle". 3090: 3036: 2978: 2869: 2835: 2765: 2599: 2545: 2533: 1000:

Despite that, as late as in August 2007 Regional Blood Donation and Treatment Center in Bydgoszcz (

949: 797: 439: 279: 271: 216: 112: 9197: 9116: 4987:"Polish election winner Donald Tusk appeals to president to move quickly to form a new government" 4569:

Kultura i społeczeństwo PRL. Materiały ze Studenckiej Sesji Naukowej, Wrocław, 26 kwietnia 2001 r.

2704:, who won the election, stated that he would continue to ban LGBT demonstrations, as he did while 922:" and most gay Polish soldiers conceal their sexual orientation. In 2013, military personnel told 9690: 9675: 9622: 9569: 9564: 9539: 9397: 9301: 9214: 9091: 8792: 8142: 7059: 5367: 5039:"Poland's opposition parties open talks on a ruling coalition after winning the general election" 4637:""Call Me by My Name:" A "Strange and Incomprehensible" Passion in the Polish Kresy of the 1920s" 4125:

Article 18 of the Polish Constitution limits the institution of marriage to opposite-sex couples.

3105:. While only symbolic, the declared zones signal exclusion of the LGBT community. The right wing 2803: 2749: 2721: 2641: 374: 93: 9660: 8912: 7630:"Rafał Trzaskowski podpisał Warszawską Deklarację LGBT+. W dokumencie znalazło się pięć punktów" 7330:"Zanim został ministrem, mówił o karcie LGBT i "oddawaniu dzieci pedofilom". Politycy komentują" 6764:"Poll shows growing support for same-sex marriage in Poland - English Section - polskieradio.pl" 5894: 4161: 2877: 9594: 9544: 9504: 9457: 9452: 9442: 9427: 9422: 9417: 9402: 9387: 9382: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9343: 9033: 9011: 8978: 8821: 6738:"67% of Poles support legalizing same-sex marriage: survey - English Section - polskieradio.pl" 3714: 3709: 3119: 3004: 2888:, and then a Deputy of the Sejm from the League of Polish Families. In June 2005, while in the 821: 789: 775: 369: 194: 136: 9277: 7315: 5335:"Paweł Leszkowicz Wokół ratusza, czyli sztuka homoseksualna w polskiej przestrzeni publicznej" 4006: 3242: 2728:"not to believe in the myth of Poland as an anti-Semitic, homophobic and xenophobic country". 9685: 9627: 9589: 9579: 9559: 9549: 9529: 9509: 9479: 9447: 9432: 9407: 9026: 5936: 5441: 4392:

Transnational Homosexuals in Communist Poland Cross-Border Flows in Gay and Lesbian Magazines

3719: 3190: 2820: 985: 851:

judgment in which it found that the provision was incompatible with the Polish Constitution.

830: 484: 7536: 4778:"Premier prosi o poparcie, PSL i część PO głosują przeciw. Sejm odrzuca związki partnerskie" 4228:"Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland of 28 February 2018, II OSK 1112/16" 2495:

1 in 5 trans and intersex people were physically or sexually attacked in the past five years

9574: 9499: 9469: 9139: 9019: 4447:"Transnational Flows of Knowledge and the Legalisation of Homosexuality in Interwar Poland" 3293: 3229: 3195: 3183: 2896: 2668: 1092: 291: 7590:"Mayor of Warsaw signs the LGBT+ Declaration | Warszawa - oficjalny portal stolicy Polski" 7229: 5458:"Poland's Supreme Court rules against printer who refused to make banners for LGBT+ group" 5412:"Ustawa o wdrożeniu niektórych przepisów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie równego traktowania" 4207:"Judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of Poland of 25 October 2016, II GSK 866/15" 3808: 3779: 3272: 3102: 2981: 2838: 8: 8834: 7400: 5256: 4166:

Polska Konstytucja określa bowiem małżeństwo jako związek wyłącznie kobiety i mężczyzny.

3417:

Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech)

3112: 2935: 2889: 2881: 2831: 2773: 2757: 2725: 2655: 2615: 2559: 2421: 1037: 969: 785: 163: 4591: 2738: 1081:, 72% were against same-sex marriage and 88% were against adoption by same-sex couples. 8829: 8746: 8457:"Ustawa o związkach partnerskich. Bodnar: musimy ją przyjąć, aby mówić o ich uznawaniu" 4676: 4552: 4517: 4482: 3940: 3157: 3153: 2939: 2812: 2664: 961: 310: 171: 52: 8857: 8483:"After years of legal discrimination, Poland's same-sex couples await civil union law" 7473: 7447: 4614:"The Constitution does not prohibit same-sex marriages - verdict by the WSA in Warsaw" 2583: 8725: 8682: 7744: 7397:"Poland: School Censorship Proposal Threatens Basic Rights | Human Rights Watch" 6688: 6164: 5869: 5809: 5630: 4680: 4668: 4556: 4521: 4486: 4474: 4395: 4087: 4058: 4029: 3944: 3932: 3858: 3048: 3044: 2611: 2575: 365: 259: 124: 8990: 7915: 6409: 5338: 3826: 3257: 3032: 3000: 2701: 390: 8534:"Bill introducing same-sex civil partnerships in Poland added to government agenda" 6709:"Discrimination in the EU_sp535_volumeA.xlsx [QB15_2] and [QB15_3]" 6680: 6592: 6454: 6366: 6315: 6290: 6264: 6239: 6214: 6189: 5753:"The EU has voted to condemn gay 'cure' therapy, and urged member states to ban it" 4658: 4648: 4544: 4509: 4464: 4454: 3924: 3479: 3148:

has started denying funds to municipalities that adopted "LGBT-free" declarations.

3118:

In August 2019, LGBT community members stated that they feel unsafe in Poland. The

2720:

On 30 August 2006, during a visit to the European Commission, Lech's twin brother,

2567: 931: 903: 402: 360: 6513:"Sondaż Super Expressu o związkach partnerskich: Polacy przeciw małżeństwom homo!" 4548: 2486:

47% felt discriminated against in at least one area of life in the past year (42%)

327: 8985: 8895: 8559:"Civil unions and registered partnerships: recognition in different EU countries" 7976: 7794: 7708: 7651: 6499: 6480: 6461: 5398: 5291: 5232: 4943: 3928: 3286: 3254: 3179: 2745: 2705: 866: 847: 813: 744: 314: 255: 228: 190: 73: 8292: 8290: 8125: 3047:. As of August 2019, the party has three MEPs. The party is now a member of the 9266: 6130: 6104: 6078: 4752: 4026:

Same-Sex Couples before National, Supranational and International Jurisdictions

3145: 3098: 3060: 2926: 2908: 2552: 2410: 453: 427: 338: 306: 236: 158: 151: 48: 7308:"Warsaw mayor joins equality parade for first time - Xinhua - English.news.cn" 7007: 6868:"Poland: Lech Walesa – 'Gays should be made to sit at the back in parliament'" 6455:

CBOS: Jesteśmy za wychowywaniem dzieci przez pary homoseksualne [...]

5530:"Ikea Sued by Poland for Firing Worker Over Anti-Gay Comments - BNN Bloomberg" 4961: 4459: 4421:

The Dictionary of Homophobia: A Global History of Gay & Lesbian Experience

4227: 3065: 495:) asked Poland's top court to overturn the nation's ban on same-sex marriage. 227:), encompassing about a third of the country, informally declared themselves " 9726: 9260: 9040: 8963: 8946: 8878: 8287: 8268: 7748: 6392:"CBOS: Ponad połowa Polaków traktuje homoseksualizm jako odstępstwo od normy" 6168: 4672: 4513: 4478: 4253:

Polish towns advocate ‘LGBT-free’ zones while the ruling party cheers them on

3936: 3696: 3225: 3107: 2992: 2808: 2796: 2529: 2492:

15% have been attacked in the past 5 years (11%) — the highest rate in the EU

1067: 965: 431: 423: 263: 8718:

Situation of bisexual and homosexual persons in Poland. 2005 and 2006 report

7938:"EU blocks funding for six towns that declared themselves 'LGBT-Free Zones'" 7033: 6665: 5891:"Pilgrimage will let Pope pray for a country that is turning to intolerance" 3913:"Application of EU Law on Equal Treatment in Poland. État de choses in 2020" 410:

In 2012, the nation was 95% Roman Catholic, with 54% practicing every week.

401:

bill was first proposed in 2003. In 2004, under a left-wing Government, the

150:'s 2024 report, the status of LGBTQ rights in Poland is the worst among the 9077: 8870: 7923: 7899:"Polish Couple Hand Out Rainbow Masks To Fight Country's LGBTQI Free Zones" 7559:"Mayor of Warsaw becomes first to protect rights of LGBTI people in Poland" 7055: 4084:

European Family Law Volume III: Family Law in a European Perspective Family

3682: 3263:

The Parada Równości events have continued regularly since 2006, attracting

3040: 3012: 2776: 2761: 2690: 2532:, are supporters of LGBT rights. More socially right-wing parties, such as 2525: 1078: 907: 480: 342: 208: 186: 8773: 8165:"Parada Równości 2015, czyli Równe prawa - wspólna sprawa [WIDEO]" 5178: 4415:

Tin, Louis-Georges; Redburn, Marek; Michaud, Alice; Mathers, Kyle (2008).

2671:, that the march was "immoral and a danger to the inhabitants of Warsaw." 842: 732: 146:

face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. According to

9312: 8934: 8298:"Połowa Polaków chce zakazu promocji treści gejowskich [badanie]" 7977:"Poland LGBT: Diplomats from 50 countries call for end to discrimination" 7705:

The Krakow municipality responds to the homophobic act of "Gazeta Polska"

7196:"Polish students defy ban on LGBTI events, turn up to school in rainbows" 5841:"Analogies of Pre-War Anti-Semitism and Present-Day Homophobia in Poland" 4884:"Projekt ustawy – przepisy wprowadzające ustawę o związkach partnerskich" 4753:"ZMIANY W ZAKRESIE WIARY I RELIGIJNOŚCI POLAKÓW PO ŚMIERCI JANA PAWŁA II" 4653: 4636: 4535:

Pająk, Paulina (2022). "1933: the year of lesbian modernism in Poland?".

4389: 4360:"Polish top court to ask for EU ruling on recognising same-sex marriages" 3753:"Poland: Donald Tusk promises new laws for 'victimised' LGBTQ+ community" 3070: 3016: 2682: 2563: 475: 398: 302: 147: 7962: 7394: 6434:"Sondaż dla Radia ZET: Ponad 60 proc. Polaków za związkami partnerskimi" 5483:"Poland rules in favour of printer convicted over refusing LGBT posters" 5204: 5014:"Poland's LGBTQ community celebrates right-wing election disappointment" 3981:"Poland rules in favour of printer convicted over refusing LGBT posters" 3656: 3632: 3618: 3526: 3378: 3358: 3343: 1070:

supported same-sex partnerships, while 27% supported same-sex marriage.

8221:"Warsaw pride parade attracts large crowd amid heated political debate" 5866:

Public Discourses About Homosexuality and Religion in Europe and Beyond

5653: 3888: 3130: 3069:

Map of Poland, LGBT-free zones declared (as of January 2020) on a

2602:

party (PiS) came to power. They formed a coalition government with the

923: 435: 224: 219:(PiS) party had taken an anti-migrant stance, and in the run-up to the 211:

either, though discussion on this issue is ongoing. While ahead of the

175: 8611:"Sprawy urzędowe związane z korektą płci mogłyby przebiegać sprawniej" 7533:"Wystąpienie min. Giertycha na spotkaniu ministrów edukacji państw UE" 7226:"Poland's Ruling Party Chair Calls LGBT Rights a Threat to the Nation" 6817:"Poland: Donald Tusk expresses support for legalizing same-sex unions" 5995:"Polacy nie chcą parad homoseksualistów - Polska - Fakty w INTERIA.PL" 4663: 4469: 4187:"Judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 9 November 2010, SK 10/08" 9157: 8508:"Warsaw LGBT+ parade attended by government ministers for first time" 7862:"Polish magazine dismisses court ruling on 'LGBT-free zone' stickers" 6913:"Poland should act to stop LGBTI intolerance, says Council of Europe" 6593:"AKCEPTACJA PRAW DLA GEJÓW I LESBIJEK I SPOŁECZNY DYSTANS WOBEC NICH" 6265:"AKCEPTACJA PRAW DLA GEJÓW I LESBIJEK I SPOŁECZNY DYSTANS WOBEC NICH" 5603:"Transgender Europe acknowledges first Polish Gender Recognition Law" 4416: 3704: 3614:

Lesbians, gays and bisexuals allowed to serve openly in the military

3275:

participated in the event for the first time and said that he wanted

2862: 2686: 8700:"Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights in Poland and Latvia" 8584:"Zarejestrowane związki partnerskie: uznawanie w różnych krajach UE" 7809:"Anti-Gay Brutality in a Polish Town Blamed on Poisonous Propaganda" 6972:"Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights in Poland and Latvia" 5827:"Honorowe krwiodawstwo mężczyzn homo- i biseksualnych. Fakty i mity" 3638: 3604: 3584: 3569: 3555: 3541: 3507: 3492: 3471: 3451: 3436: 3421: 3407: 3393: 3138: 2996: 2708:, and that "public promotion of homosexuality will not be allowed". 1002:

pl.: Regionalne Centrum Krwiodawstwa i Krwiolecznictwa w Bydgoszczy,

871:

which was made in accordance with Poland's anti-discrimination laws,

717: 689: 661: 633: 605: 577: 549: 247: 8968: 7086:"The US and Ireland are legalizing gay marriage. When will Poland?" 3847: 3757: 2650:"If deviants begin to demonstrate, they should be hit with batons." 1685:

right for a gay (couple) to foster the child of a deceased sibling

8431:"All EU countries must recognise rights of gay spouses, ECJ rules" 8119: 5950:"Poles against gay adoption – TheNews.pl :: News from Poland" 3447:

Hate crime laws concerning sexual orientation and gender identity

2674:

On 7 August 2006, Paweł Zyzak, editor in chief of a PiS magazine,

910:

vetoed it in October. The Parliament failed to override his veto.

766:, that LGBT people have the right to inherit from their partners. 9164: 8784: 8679:

Europe in the pink: lesbian & gay equality in the new Europe.

8061:(in Polish). Katolicka Agencja Informacyjna (KAI). 10 August 2011 7177:"Polish schools cancel LGBT activities after government warnings" 6684: 5786: 4162:"Judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 11 May 2005, K 18/04" 3160: 3134: 2900: 2713: 2460: 855: 7920:'Dutch town ends ties with Polish twin declared "gay-free zone"' 7329: 7140:"Polish president Andrzej Duda considering 'gay propaganda' ban" 6155:

Walker, Shaun; Tait, Christian Davies Robert (25 October 2019).

3389:

Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services

792:

that would ban adoption by a person in a same-sex relationship.

8101:"News from Poland - Polish gay activists win human rights case" 7273:

LGBT Poles are the latest victims of nation's 'identity crisis'

7109:"Polish president considering a ban on 'homosexual propaganda'" 6464:. M.wyborcza.pl (14 November 2014). Retrieved 15 November 2014. 6013: 4822:"Związki partnerskie do szuflady. Sejm nie zajął się projektem" 4023: 3276: 3240:

people were arrested. The ban has been declared illegal by the

3233: 3074: 3043:

for opposite-sex and same-sex couples, and the legalisation of

2916: 2689:? Is that liberty and democracy? No, that’s syphilisation! Our 1046: 1042: 736: 243: 143: 42: 36: 6367:"STOSUNEK DO PRAW GEJÓW I LESBIJEK ORAZ ZWIĄZKÓW PARTNERSKICH" 6079:"Stosunek do praw gejów i lesbijek oraz związków partnerskich" 4694: 4692: 4690: 3093:(PiS) party took an anti-migrant stance, in the run-up to the 1105:

Recognition of same-sex unions in Poland § Public opinion

812:

Anti-discrimination provisions were added to the Labour Code (

8633:"Lewica chce rozmów wokół projektu ustawy o uzgodnieniu płci" 7833:

Conservative Polish magazine issues 'LGBT-free zone' stickers

7670:"Progressive Politician Seeks Polish 'Spring' with New Party" 7252:"Party Leader Calls LGBT Rights an Imported Threat to Poland" 3078: 2895:

On 11 May 2006, while an MP, Wierzejski condemned the Warsaw

2892:, he called for "no tolerance for homosexuals and deviants". 2779:

would support a ban on "homosexual propaganda", based on the

2483:

26% felt discriminated against at work in the past year (21%)

1036:

An opinion poll conducted in late 2006 at the request of the

491:. In November 2023, a Polish same-sex married couple (wed by 275: 8003:"Ambassadors appeal for acceptance of LGBT people in Poland" 7158:"Polish Schools Cancel LGBT Event Under Government Pressure" 5735:"Poland moves step closer to banning gay conversion therapy" 5235:. The LawsAndFamilies Database. Retrieved 27 December 2017. 4944:"Same-sex spouses have EU residence rights, top court rules" 4390:

Szulc, Lukasz; Springer International Publishing AG (2018).

3289:, showed that 45% of Warsaw residents supported the parade. 1719:

Support for the recognition of same-sex relationships, 2012

1657:

right for a lesbian to parent a child of her female partner

463:

Poland did not implement this ruling, and in July 2020, the

29: 8139:"A brief history of Equality Parade | Equality Parade" 7722:"Gdzie w Polsce przyjęto uchwały przeciw "ideologii LGBT"?" 7286:"Mayor Joins Poland's Pride Parade Amid Anti-LGBT Campaign" 5269:

Gay couple can register child in conservative Poland: court

5247:. The LawsAndFamilies Database. Retrieved 27 December 2017. 4687: 3039:, a new progressive political party proposing to introduce 2858: 1095:" is the "biggest threat facing them in the 21st century". 957: 858: 414: 7395:

Scott Long Director, LGBT Rights Program (19 March 2007).

6900:

Memorandum on the stigmatisation of LGBTI people in Poland

6790:"PO: nie jesteśmy za legalizacją związków homoseksualnych" 6502:. M.wyborcza.pl (31 May 2011). Retrieved 20 November 2011. 5997:(in Polish). Fakty.interia.pl. 6 June 2008. Archived from 5649:"Homoseksualizm w wojsku – największe tabu polskiej armii" 5309:"Poland to ban gays from adopting, even as single parents" 4719: 4141:

Judgment of the Supreme Court of 7 July 2004, II KK 176/04

3961:

BULLETIN OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS 2019, no. 6

3141:

in eastern Poland, citing "gay free zones" as the reason.

8030:"Poland rejects international criticism over LGBT rights" 7616:"Warsaw mayor pledges support to Poland's LGBT community" 7527: 7525: 7523: 7521: 7371:"DIRELAND: POLAND'S SWEEPING NEW ANTI-GAY EDUCATION BILL" 7364: 7362: 6977:. Amnesty International. 15 November 2006. Archived from 5581:"Poselski projekt ustawy o zmianie ustawy - Kodeks karny" 4295:"Sąd uchylił ostatnią uchwałę przeciwko "ideologii LGBT"" 3011:. Opinion polls currently put him in third place, behind 754:

A resolution of the Supreme Court from 28 November 2012 (

142:

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in

8236: 8234: 7886:

Activists warn Poland’s LGBT community is 'under attack'

6842:"Walesa escapes hate crime charge after anti-gay tirade" 4858:"Nowoczesna z projektem ustawy o związkach partnerskich" 4414: 4086:. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 121. 4052: 348: 6359: 6308: 6282: 6257: 6232: 6207: 6182: 5868:. Springer International Publishing. pp. 147–169. 5617:"Polish President Vetoes Major Transgender Rights Bill" 3590:

Available only for women in heterosexual relationships

285: 7652:"The gay mayor shaking up politics in Catholic Poland" 7518: 7423:"Poland to ban discussion of homosexuality in schools" 7359: 6157:"Anti-LGBT rhetoric stokes tensions in eastern Europe" 5917:"GayNZ.com - New Zealand's LGBT Community - 404 Error" 5437:"Poland abandoning hundreds of victims of hate crimes" 3854:

The Oxford companion to politics of ... - Google Books

1931:

Support for the recognition of same-sex relationships

1112:

Support for the recognition of same-sex relationships

1019: 8231: 8131: 6666:

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (2020).

4572: 1860:"right to inherit the pension of a deceased partner" 1054:

sexual activity, with 37% believing they should not.

170:. Polish law bans employment discrimination based on 8240: 6215:"KONKUBINAT PAR HETEROSEKSUALNYCH I HOMOSEKSUALNYCH" 3672: 3432:

Anti-discrimination laws concerning gender identity

2420:

Public opinion on same-sex marriage (2023) based on

841:

In June 2018, the Polish Supreme Court ruled that a

88:

Lesbians, gays and bisexuals allowed to serve openly

8406:"Poland pushes ahead with hardline hate speech law" 8381:"Poland pushes ahead with hardline hate speech law" 8356:"Poland pushes ahead with hardline hate speech law" 8329:(in Polish). Kancelaria Sejmu. 2010. Archived from 7795:

Polish newspaper to issue 'LGBT-free zone' stickers

7083: 7006:(in Polish). YouTube. 17 March 2008. Archived from 6618:"How people in 24 countries view same-sex marriage" 5937:

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices in Poland

4110: 3313:community, but affect children and other citizens. 2480:

27% are often or always open about being LGBT (47%)

1066:In 2011, according to a poll by TNS Polska, 54% of 7762: 6343:. M.wyborcza.pl/. 28 February 2013. Archived from 5704:"Poland makes moves to ban gay conversion therapy" 5392:Non-Discrimination Law: Poland Country Report 2010 4750: 4326:"Sondaż CBOS: Aborcja, związki partnerskie i euro" 4024:Gallo, D; Paladini, L; Pustorino, P, eds. (2014). 3963:The Principle of Equal Treatment. Law and Practice 498: 7879: 7698: 7060:"Gay Poles head for UK to escape state crackdown" 6966: 6964: 6962: 6960: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6895: 6893: 6128: 6102: 6076: 5973:"Premier-gej? Polacy nie mają nic przeciwko temu" 3051:coalition, which currently serves in government. 888: 78:Transgender people allowed to change legal gender 9724: 7826: 7079: 7077: 6952: 6950: 6948: 6946: 6944: 6942: 6940: 6938: 6936: 6934: 6669:EU LGBTI II: A long way to go for LGBTI equality 6070: 7936:James, Frater; Kolirin, Lianne (31 July 2020). 7843: 7841: 7807:Santora, Marc; Berendt, Joanna (27 July 2019). 5226:Formalisation of legal family formats in Poland 5201:"Związek homoseksualny to nawet nie konkubinat" 4701:"Lech Walesa Shocks Poland With Anti-Gay Words" 4586: 4584: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4240: 3169:Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights 2580:Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights 99: 7848:Polish Court Rebukes “LGBT-Free Zone” Stickers 7806: 7737:"The New Threat to Poland's Sexual Minorities" 7535:(in Polish). PBS. 2 March 2007. Archived from 6890: 6590: 6474:Równe traktowanie standardem dobrego rządzenia 6410:"Stosunek Polaków do związków homoseksualnych" 6333: 6084:(in Polish). Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej 6049: 5556:"Polish police crack down on LGBTQ protesters" 4354: 4352: 3054: 726: 135:For the history of LGBT people in Poland, see 98:Sexual orientation protections in employment ( 9328: 8800: 7741:Foreign Affairs: An American Quarterly Review 7714: 7368: 7074: 7048: 6931: 6122: 6027:(in Polish). 16 December 2010. Archived from 4744: 4698: 4440: 4438: 4270:"A Third of Poland Declared 'LGBT-Free Zone'" 4055:Konstytucja RP. Tom I. Komentarz do art. 1-86 3174: 2857:(LPR) won 8% of the vote and 34 seats in the 2834:, criticised an LGBT rights declaration that 807: 7935: 7838: 7800: 6677:European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights 5888: 5455: 5337:(in Polish). Nts.uni.wroc.pl. Archived from 4592:"The Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 4581: 4237: 4007:"The Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 2844: 2696:During the presidential campaign before the 2468:European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights 944:Legality of conversion therapy § Poland 487:as "a foreign ideology" and comparing it to 321: 7965:(Press release). Poland. 27 September 2020. 7734: 6874:. ILGA Europe. 4 March 2013. Archived from 6815:office, Kafkadesk Kraków (30 August 2021). 6341:"Polacy: Związki partnerskie nie dla gejów" 5429: 4499: 4349: 3167:According to a December 2020 report by the 2802:In April 2019, Conservative party chairman 9342: 9335: 9321: 8807: 8793: 8714: 8227:. 9 June 2019 – via www.reuters.com. 8055:""Parada Równości" to propaganda rozpusty" 6661: 6659: 6288: 6190:"POSTAWY WOBEC MAŁŻEŃSTW HOMOSEKSUALISTÓW" 6154: 6054:(in Polish). M.wyborcza.pl. Archived from 4836:"Związki partnerskie - nie w tej kadencji" 4634: 4444: 4435: 4222: 4220: 4201: 4199: 4081: 4057:. Warszawa: C.H. Beck Wydawnictwo Polska. 3565:Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples 3384:Since 2003, but not consistently enforced 3285:A 2010 opinion poll, conducted by PBS for 1700:the situation above is morally acceptable 1672:the situation above is morally acceptable 731:On 23 February 2007, the Appeals Court in 28: 7613: 7275:, Al-Jazeera, Ylenia Gostoli, 12 May 2019 6240:"ZWIĄZKI PARTNERSKIE PAR HOMOSEKSUALNYCH" 5285:Prezydencki projekt zmiany Konstytucji RP 5259:. Thenews.pl. Retrieved 20 November 2011. 5177:. Bialystok.sa.sisco.info. Archived from 4914:"Projekt ustawy o związkach partnerskich" 4662: 4652: 4468: 4458: 4181: 4179: 4156: 4154: 4135: 4133: 4053:Marek Safjan; Leszek Bosek, eds. (2016). 3883: 3881: 769: 368:is not recognized, and Article 18 of the 8073: 7500:"Opposition prevails in Polish election" 7174: 7137: 6635: 5821: 5819: 5499: 5011: 4962:"HUDOC - European Court of Human Rights" 3906: 3904: 3902: 3575:Banned regardless of sexual orientation 3201: 3189: 3178: 3064: 2489:42% were harassed in the past year (38%) 2400: 1885:"right to a refund in vitro treatments" 1016:of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine. 956:activists submitted a draft bill to the 355:Recognition of same-sex unions in Poland 45: (light green & dark grey) 8764:CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 8241:Dubrowska, Magdalena (9 January 2010). 8079: 7645: 7643: 7004:"Orędzie Lecha Kaczyńskiego 17.03.2008" 6656: 5776: 5774: 5677:"Wojsko nie chce osób transseksualnych" 5553: 4606: 4267: 4217: 4196: 4104: 4075: 3537:Stepchild adoption by same-sex couples 3374:Anti-discrimination laws in employment 2811:with a rainbow halo, Interior Minister 2772:In November 2018, it was reported that 2466:According to Polish respondents to the 51: (light green) – [ 9725: 8673:(3), 631-652. doi:10.1017/slr.2022.224 8304:(in Polish). fronda.pl. 18 August 2014 8141:. En.paradarownosci.eu. Archived from 8098: 7768: 7649: 7138:Kelleher, Patrick (11 November 2018). 7054: 6814: 6021:"Sondaż: Geje w wojsku dzielą Polaków" 5646: 5527: 4850: 4802:(in Polish). tvn24.pl. 30 January 2013 4780:(in Polish). tvn24.pl. 25 January 2013 4176: 4151: 4130: 4046: 3910: 3878: 3750: 3746: 3744: 3403:Anti-discrimination laws in education 3007:has urged him to run for president in 2516:supported same-sex civil partnership. 1785:"right to obtain medical information" 1050:gay minister or a head of government. 854:In July 2020 the government of Poland 788:formally proposed an amendment to the 233:Warsaw Voivodship Administrative Court 9316: 8788: 8092: 7859: 7193: 7175:Kelleher, Patrick (27 October 2018). 6610: 5863: 5816: 5732: 5701: 5012:Kelleher, Patrick (16 October 2023). 4838:(in Polish). polityka.pl. 26 May 2015 4534: 4528: 4445:Karczewski, Kamil (21 October 2022). 4385: 4383: 4381: 4268:Ciobanu, Claudia (25 February 2020). 4017: 3899: 937: 349:Recognition of same-sex relationships 231:". However, on the 6th February 2024 129:Same-sex couples not allowed to adopt 8663:1-18. doi:10.1017/S0960777322000108 8027: 7735:Figlerowicz, Marta (9 August 2019). 7640: 7587: 7106: 7084:Magdalena Stonawska (26 June 2015). 5771: 5605:. Transgender Europe. 7 August 2015. 5573: 5245:Legal data in source papers - Poland 2968:" – 44% agreed, 52% disagreed. 2961:" – 56% agreed, 44% disagreed. 2954:" – 40% agreed, 56% disagreed. 2405:Counter-protest at the 2019 Rzeszów 2203:Acceptance of a homosexual as a... ( 1073:In a 2013 opinion poll conducted by 286:Legality of same-sex sexual activity 8243:"Europride - test dla warszawiaków" 8028:Gera, Vanessa (28 September 2020). 7474:"Polish 'anti-gay' bill criticised" 7346: 7107:Gunz, Rafaella (10 November 2018). 6372:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6321:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6296:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6270:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6245:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6220:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6195:. CENTRUM BADANIA OPINII SPOŁECZNEJ 6129:Rafał Boguszewski (February 2014). 6077:Feliksiak, Michał (February 2013). 5702:Power, Shannon (22 February 2019). 5583:(in Polish). Kancelaria Sejmu. 2018 5361:"Draft Law on Equal Treatment 2007" 5257:Strasbourg: Polish gays can inherit 5153:"Głosowanie nr 49 - posiedzenie 32" 5131:"Głosowanie nr 48 - posiedzenie 32" 5109:"Głosowanie nr 47 - posiedzenie 32" 5087:"Głosowanie nr 46 - posiedzenie 32" 5065:"Głosowanie nr 45 - posiedzenie 32" 3741: 3551:Joint adoption by same-sex couples 3299: 3213: 3137:, voted to end its friendship with 2785:European Convention on Human Rights 1020:Social attitudes and public opinion 913: 320:The new Polish Penal Code of 1932 ( 13: 8814: 8706:. 15 November 2006. Archived from 7688:"Plan partii Biedronia w punktach" 7565:. 27 February 2019. Archived from 7194:Power, Shannon (27 October 2018). 5893:. The Times Online. Archived from 5500:Kelleher, Patrick (23 July 2020). 5475: 5203:(in Polish). rp.pl. Archived from 5155:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 5133:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 5111:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 5089:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 5067:(in Polish). Sejm. 25 January 2015 4563: 4378: 3780:"Country Ranking | Rainbow Europe" 3751:Ashley, Beth (24 September 2023). 3730:List of LGBT politicians in Poland 3194:Anti-gay protesters at the Warsaw 3129:In July 2020, the town council of 3095:2019 Polish parliamentary election 3087:2015 Polish parliamentary election 2826:In June 2019, the newly appointed 2644:, Prime Minister, PiS, 11 May 2006 2589: 1835:"rights to common tax accounting" 880: 489:indoctrination in the Soviet Union 221:2019 Polish parliamentary election 213:2015 Polish parliamentary election 14: 9744: 9712:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 8692: 8608: 8126:Gay marchers ignore ban in Warsaw 8082:"Polish capital bans Pride again" 7448:"Polish teachers march in Warsaw" 7254:. Voice of America. 25 April 2019 6103:Rafał Boguszewski (August 2013). 5975:(in Polish). Wiadomosci.gazeta.pl 5733:Smith, Lydia (22 February 2019). 5528:Moskwa, Wojciech (23 July 2020). 4751:Boguszewski, Rafał (April 2012). 4255:, Washington Post, 21 July 2019, 4171:określonych w art. 235 tego aktu. 4028:. Berlin: Springer. p. 215. 3725:LGBT rights in the European Union 3279:to remain "open" and "tolerant." 2972: 2886:Member of the European Parliament 2396: 991: 359:There is no legal recognition of 9297: 9296: 8625: 8602: 8576: 8551: 8526: 8500: 8475: 8449: 8423: 8398: 8373: 8348: 8316: 8261: 8213: 8187: 8157: 8047: 8021: 7995: 7969: 7955: 7929: 7909: 7891: 7853: 7788: 7728: 7680: 7662: 7622: 7607: 7581: 7551: 7492: 7466: 7440: 7415: 7388: 7347:TVN, Dzień Dobry (6 June 2019). 7340: 7322: 7300: 7278: 7266: 7244: 7218: 7187: 7168: 7150: 7131: 7100: 7022: 6996: 6905: 6860: 6834: 6808: 6782: 6756: 6730: 6701: 6584: 6570: 6548: 6523: 6505: 6486: 6467: 6448: 6426: 6402: 6384: 3857:. Oxford University Press, USA. 3823:"Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska)" 3805:"Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska)" 3689: 3675: 3655: 3637: 3631: 3617: 3603: 3583: 3568: 3554: 3540: 3525: 3506: 3503:Recognition of same-sex couples 3491: 3470: 3450: 3435: 3420: 3406: 3392: 3377: 3357: 3342: 3316: 3253:The parade was condemned by the 3031:In February 2019, LGBT activist 2987: 2663:On 5 July 2006, Mayor of Warsaw 1098: 716: 688: 660: 632: 604: 576: 548: 504:Sejm vote on civil partnerships 341:was set to 15, equal to that of 8654: 8128:, BBC News Online, 11 June 2005 7769:Foster, Peter (9 August 2019). 7369:Ireland, Doug (21 March 2007). 6148: 6096: 6043: 5987: 5970: 5964: 5942: 5930: 5909: 5882: 5857: 5833: 5810:"Homoseksualizm a krwiodawstwo" 5802: 5745: 5726: 5695: 5669: 5647:Sikora, Kamil (5 August 2013). 5640: 5623: 5609: 5595: 5547: 5521: 5493: 5449: 5404: 5385: 5353: 5327: 5301: 5278: 5262: 5250: 5238: 5219: 5193: 5167: 5145: 5123: 5101: 5079: 5057: 5031: 5005: 4979: 4954: 4936: 4906: 4876: 4828: 4814: 4792: 4770: 4628: 4493: 4423:. Vancouver: Arsenal Pulp Press 4408: 4335: 4318: 4301: 4287: 4261: 3339:Same-sex sexual activity legal 3304:In a 2014 survey, conducted by 2932:Deputy Prime Minister of Poland 2748:, former Polish Prime Minister 499:Parliament vote on civil unions 483:, who previously described the 9272:Recognition of same-sex unions 8661:Contemporary European History, 7614:Kafkadesk (20 February 2019). 6131:"RELIGIJNOŚĆ A ZASADY MORALNE" 6050:Renata Grochal (31 May 2011). 5952:. Polskieradio.pl. 26 May 2010 5554:Cienski, Jan (5 August 2020). 4699:Gera, Vanessa (3 March 2013). 3999: 3973: 3955: 3841: 3797: 3772: 3248:European Court of Human Rights 2828:Minister of National Education 889:Gender identity and expression 760:European Court of Human Rights 465:European Court of Human Rights 1: 8613:. Infor Biznes. Gazeta Prawna 7860:Wanat, Zosia (26 July 2019). 7694:(in Polish). 3 February 2019. 5456:Vanessa Gera (15 June 2018). 4864:(in Polish). 16 February 2018 4549:10.1080/09612025.2021.1954333 4451:Contemporary European History 4113:"Marriage Equality in Europe" 3735: 3628:Right to change legal gender 3296:, of which Warsaw is a part. 502: 185:Polish society tends to hold 9284:Offending religious feelings 8080:Townley, Ben (20 May 2005). 7650:Easton, Adam (28 May 2018). 7032:. Gaylife.Pl. Archived from 6598:(in Polish). CBOS. p. 8 6052:"Gej przestraszył Platformę" 5889:Boyes, Roger (25 May 2006). 5619:. Towleroad. 2 October 2015. 4758:(in Polish). CBOS. p. 5 4394:. Springer. pp. 8, 97. 4111:Stewart J, Lloyd KC (2016). 3929:10.5771/0030-6444-2020-4-483 2817:offending religious feelings 2413:'s place is under the boot!" 1633:Support for LGBT parenthood 1061: 1028: 383:Supreme Administrative Court 204:Supreme Administrative Court 113:Recognition of relationships 7: 8902:Campaign Against Homophobia 8171:(in Polish). Archived from 6846:Polskie Radio dla Zagranicy 4920:(in Polish). Archived from 4890:(in Polish). Archived from 3668: 3580:Access to IVF for lesbians 2913:Campaign Against Homophobia 2791:homophobia in schools. The 2667:stated, in relation to the 2628:Kazimierz Michał Ujazdowski 2519: 2453: Strongly oppose (36%) 2447: Somewhat oppose (18%) 1010:Campaign Against Homophobia 981:Polish Episcopal Conference 954:Campaign Against Homophobia 727:Limited cohabitation rights 296:German occupation of Poland 252:Campaign Against Homophobia 168:hormone replacement therapy 118:Limited cohabitation rights 10: 9749: 8715:Abramowicz, Marta (2007). 6796:(in Polish). 30 March 2008 6493:Gej przestraszył Platformę 4635:Karczewski, Kamil (2022). 3600:Conversion therapy banned 3354:Equal age of consent (15) 3224:The largest aspect of the 3220:Equality marches in Poland 3217: 3175:LGBT movement and activism 3058: 2781:Russian gay propaganda law 2435: Somewhat favor (28%) 2429: Strongly favor (13%) 2043:"registered partnerships" 1760:"registered partnerships" 1306:"registered partnerships" 1102: 941: 808:Discrimination protections 352: 134: 94:Discrimination protections 9699: 9651: 9613: 9350: 9292: 9245: 9178: 9149: 9103: 9050: 8999: 8956: 8888: 8847:Lambda Groups Association 8820: 8677:Tatchell, Peter. (1992). 8084:. Gay,com. Archived from 7888:, Euronews, 8 August 2019 7506:. London. 22 October 2007 7399:. Hrw.org. Archived from 4727:"Poland :: Religion" 4460:10.1017/S0960777322000108 3594: 3516: 3461: 3368: 3334:Same-sex sexual activity 3333: 3026: 2855:League of Polish Families 2845:League of Polish Families 2604:League of Polish Families 2470:2019 EU LGBTI survey II: 1961: 1954: 1947: 1940: 1933: 1930: 1906:"right to adopt a child" 1724: 1721: 1718: 1635: 1632: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1114: 1111: 873:"absolutely scandalous". 447:European Court of Justice 123: 111: 106: 92: 82: 72: 62: 27: 20: 8774:"Rainbow Europe: Poland" 6498:19 December 2013 at the 6479:19 December 2013 at the 6460:29 November 2014 at the 6316:"PRAWA GEJÓW I LESBIJEK" 6291:"PRAWA GEJÓW I LESBIJEK" 5939:, US Department of State 4514:10.1177/1363460713511105 4082:Scherpe JM, ed. (2016). 3652:allowed to donate blood 3522:Adoption by individuals 3133:, a Dutch city south of 2744:In a 2009 interview for 2734:Polish People's Republic 838:generally ineffective". 420:Democratic Left Alliance 335:Polish People's Republic 315:Austria-Hungarian Empire 7835:, Reuters, 24 July 2019 7030:">< Artykuł >" 6591:Wenzel, Michał (2005). 4731:Encyclopædia Britannica 4578:Tatchell (1992), p. 151 3911:Górski, Marcin (2020). 3517:Adoption and parenting 3236:every year since 2001. 2750:Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz 2642:Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz 700:Registered partnership 672:Registered partnership 616:Registered partnership 588:Registered partnership 560:Registered partnership 532:Registered partnership 379:Constitutional Tribunal 268:Social Democratic Party 200:Constitutional Tribunal 180:Constitutional Tribunal 9733:LGBTQ rights in Poland 9393:Bosnia and Herzegovina 9344:LGBTQ rights in Europe 7711:(Krakow), 19 July 2019 7588:Warszawy, Urząd m st. 7228:. Time. Archived from 7062:. London: The Observer 6396:wiadomosci.dziennik.pl 4824:(in Polish). tvn24.pl. 4537:Women's History Review 4257:reprint at Independent 3715:LGBT history in Poland 3710:Human rights in Poland 3210: 3199: 3187: 3082: 3005:Aleksander Kwasniewski 2861:. They entered into a 2764:, originally from the 2661: 2647: 2633: 2551:While the current the 2414: 869:called the dismissal, 817: 770:Adoption and parenting 762:ruled, in the case of 748: 644:Partnership agreement 493:Germany's marriage law 370:Constitution of Poland 322: 137:LGBT history in Poland 68:Decriminalized in 1932 22:LGBTQ rights in Poland 8704:Amnesty International 8099:(kaka) (4 May 2007). 6643:"GLOBSEC Trends 2023" 5442:Amnesty International 3720:LGBT rights in Europe 3205: 3193: 3182: 3144:Since July 2020, the 3068: 2821:Amnesty International 2793:Minister of Education 2756:In a 2015 interview, 2658:, LPR, 9 October 2006 2648: 2634: 2630:, PiS, 3 October 2005 2620: 2404: 2097:"same-sex marriages" 1722:opposite-sex couples 1417:"same-sex marriages" 1103:Further information: 986:political correctness 942:Further information: 920:don't ask, don't tell 831:Amnesty International 413:In January 2013, the 9140:Swimming in the Dark 9020:Floating Skyscrapers 8710:on 28 November 2006. 8637:DziennikGazetaPrawna 7850:, HRW, 1 August 2019 6580:. 25 September 2019. 5829:. 23 September 2009. 5445:. 17 September 2015. 5290:6 March 2021 at the 5231:19 June 2018 at the 4707:. Warsaw, Poland. AP 4654:10.1017/slr.2022.224 4594:. Sejm. 2 April 1997 3369:Discrimination laws 3294:Masovian Voivodeship 3081:level marked in red. 2878:Mirosław Orzechowski 979:In August 2020, the 294:(1795–1918) and the 292:Partitions of Poland 235:repealed the last " 178:exist. In 2019, the 9614:States with limited 9278:Bączkowski v Poland 9007:Tongariro Releasing 8941:Miłość Nie Wyklucza 8922:Equality Foundation 8835:Warsaw Gay Movement 8009:. 28 September 2020 7983:. 28 September 2020 7797:, BBC, 18 July 2019 7636:. 18 February 2019. 7504:The Daily Telegraph 6652:. 2023. p. 75. 6436:. 29 September 2022 6398:. 21 December 2017. 6347:on 19 December 2013 6058:on 19 December 2013 4924:on 17 February 2018 3895:. 20 February 2024. 3488:Civil partnerships 3467:Same-sex marriages 3243:Bączkowski v Poland 3208:Kraków Pride parade 3113:Georgette Mosbacher 3085:While ahead of the 2936:European Commission 2890:European Parliament 2882:Wojciech Wierzejski 2832:Dariusz Piontkowski 2726:Jose Manuel Barroso 2656:Wojciech Wierzejski 2616:freedom of assembly 2441: Not sure (5%) 2422:Pew Research Center 1810:"right to inherit" 1038:European Commission 970:European Parliament 822:Polish Constitution 786:President of Poland 505: 474:in September 2023, 472:Polish re-elections 458:freedom of movement 333:In 1948 during the 195:Polish Constitution 164:Polish Armed Forces 9112:The Rainbow Primer 8830:Operation Hyacinth 8175:on 2 February 2016 8107:on 6 February 2012 7918:. (16 July 2020). 7813:The New York Times 7676:. 3 February 2019. 7594:www.um.warszawa.pl 7569:on 13 January 2021 7164:. 26 October 2018. 7036:on 18 January 2009 6718:. 22 December 2023 6105:"Wartości i normy" 5897:on 8 February 2007 5397:9 May 2012 at the 4918:www.nowoczesna.org 4888:www.nowoczesna.org 4862:www.poznan.onet.pl 4366:. 15 November 2023 3893:rainbow-europe.org 3784:rainbow-europe.org 3211: 3200: 3188: 3158:Joachim Brudzinski 3154:Mateusz Morawiecki 3083: 3041:civil partnerships 2977:In February 2019, 2940:Human Rights Watch 2876:. On 19 May 2006, 2813:Joachim Brudzinski 2804:Jarosław Kaczyński 2722:Jarosław Kaczyński 2665:Miroslaw Kochalski 2608:Self-Defence Party 2415: 2149:"adoption rights" 1522:"adoption rights" 962:conversion therapy 948:In February 2019, 938:Conversion therapy 503: 445:In June 2018, the 311:Kingdom of Prussia 172:sexual orientation 39: (dark green) 9720: 9719: 9310: 9309: 9247:Rights and policy 9174: 9173: 8841:Łódź Gay Murderer 8731:978-83-924950-2-4 8687:978-0-85449-158-2 8273:paradarownosci.eu 8088:on 13 March 2007. 7926:. United Kingdom. 7353:dziendobry.tvn.pl 7312:www.xinhuanet.com 6919:. 3 December 2020 6694:978-92-9474-997-0 6622:PewResearchCenter 6136:(in Polish). CBOS 6110:(in Polish). CBOS 6031:on 19 August 2014 6001:on 22 August 2010 5875:978-3-030-56326-4 5462:Independent.co.uk 5373:on 1 October 2008 5341:on 8 October 2011 5275:, 11 October 2018 5045:. 18 October 2023 4993:. 17 October 2023 4401:978-3-319-58901-5 4364:Notes from Poland 4011:en.wikisource.org 3666: 3665: 3273:Rafał Trzaskowski 3228:in Poland is the 3103:Rafał Trzaskowski 3055:"LGBT-free zones" 3045:same-sex marriage 2982:Rafał Trzaskowski 2839:Rafał Trzaskowski 2712:photograph of an 2618:for LGBT people: 2612:freedom of speech 2576:Council of Europe 2394: 2393: 2198: 2197: 1966: 1959: 1952: 1945: 1938: 1926: 1925: 1725:same-sex couples 1714: 1713: 1628: 1627: 784:In July 2020 the 724: 723: 669:18 December 2014 366:Same-sex marriage 133: 132: 35:Location of 9740: 9652:Dependencies and 9351:Sovereign states 9337: 9330: 9323: 9314: 9313: 9300: 9299: 9228: 9211: 9180:Equality marches 9134: 9120: 9095: 9081: 9067: 9015: 8997: 8996: 8982: 8930: 8916: 8874: 8861: 8809: 8802: 8795: 8786: 8785: 8781: 8769: 8762: 8756: 8752: 8750: 8742: 8740: 8734:. 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Archived from 7282: 7276: 7270: 7264: 7263: 7261: 7259: 7248: 7242: 7241: 7239: 7237: 7232:on 27 April 2019 7222: 7216: 7215: 7213: 7211: 7206:on 28 April 2019 7202:. Archived from 7191: 7185: 7184: 7172: 7166: 7165: 7154: 7148: 7147: 7135: 7129: 7128: 7126: 7124: 7119:on 29 April 2019 7115:. 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Archived from 3820: 3818: 3816: 3807:. Archived from 3801: 3795: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3776: 3770: 3769: 3767: 3765: 3748: 3699: 3694: 3693: 3692: 3685: 3680: 3679: 3678: 3659: 3641: 3635: 3621: 3607: 3587: 3572: 3558: 3544: 3529: 3510: 3495: 3480:Coman v. Romania 3474: 3462:Same-sex unions 3454: 3439: 3424: 3410: 3396: 3381: 3361: 3346: 3321: 3320: 3214:Equality marches 2907:On 8 June 2006, 2739:Tadeusz Cymański 2659: 2645: 2631: 2558:In 2013, former 2452: 2446: 2440: 2434: 2428: 2383: 2368: 2358: 2343: 2333: 2318: 2308: 2293: 2283: 2268: 2258: 2240: 2230: 2200: 2199: 2186: 2168: 2158: 2136: 2126: 2116: 2106: 2089: 2079: 2069: 2059: 2049: 2037: 2030: 2023: 2016: 2009: 2002: 1995: 1988: 1981: 1974: 1964: 1957: 1950: 1943: 1936: 1928: 1927: 1912: 1891: 1876: 1866: 1851: 1841: 1826: 1816: 1801: 1791: 1779: 1766: 1754: 1747: 1740: 1733: 1716: 1715: 1709: 1691: 1680: 1663: 1651: 1644: 1630: 1629: 1623: 1613: 1603: 1593: 1577: 1567: 1557: 1547: 1531: 1514: 1508: 1498: 1488: 1478: 1468: 1458: 1448: 1426: 1408: 1401: 1391: 1381: 1371: 1361: 1351: 1338: 1331: 1321: 1300: 1293: 1286: 1279: 1272: 1265: 1258: 1251: 1244: 1237: 1230: 1223: 1216: 1209: 1202: 1195: 1188: 1181: 1174: 1167: 1160: 1153: 1109: 1108: 966:pseudoscientific 932:gender dysphoria 914:Military service 904:gender dysphoria 872: 720: 709: 692: 681: 664: 653: 641:25 January 2013 636: 625: 613:25 January 2013 608: 597: 585:25 January 2013 580: 569: 557:25 January 2013 552: 541: 529:25 January 2013 506: 361:same-sex couples 325: 32: 18: 17: 9748: 9747: 9743: 9742: 9741: 9739: 9738: 9737: 9723: 9722: 9721: 9716: 9695: 9653: 9647: 9633:Northern Cyprus 9615: 9609: 9525:North Macedonia 9346: 9341: 9311: 9306: 9288: 9267:LGBT-free zones 9241: 9222: 9205: 9170: 9145: 9128: 9114: 9099: 9089: 9075: 9061: 9046: 9009: 8995: 8986:Rainbow Madonna 8976: 8957:Culture and art 8952: 8924: 8910: 8908:Let them see us 8896:Lambda Warszawa 8884: 8868: 8855: 8816: 8813: 8772: 8763: 8754: 8753: 8744: 8743: 8741:on 12 May 2008. 8738: 8732: 8721: 8698: 8695: 8690: 8657: 8652: 8642: 8640: 8631: 8630: 8626: 8616: 8614: 8609:Beker, Dorota. 8607: 8603: 8593: 8591: 8582: 8581: 8577: 8567: 8565: 8557: 8556: 8552: 8542: 8540: 8538:NotesfromPoland 8532: 8531: 8527: 8517: 8515: 8512:NotesfromPoland 8506: 8505: 8501: 8491: 8489: 8481: 8480: 8476: 8466: 8464: 8455: 8454: 8450: 8440: 8438: 8429: 8428: 8424: 8414: 8412: 8404: 8403: 8399: 8389: 8387: 8379: 8378: 8374: 8364: 8362: 8354: 8353: 8349: 8339: 8337: 8336:on 5 March 2020 8333: 8326: 8322: 8321: 8317: 8307: 8305: 8296: 8295: 8288: 8278: 8276: 8267: 8266: 8262: 8252: 8250: 8247:Gazeta Wyborcza 8239: 8232: 8219: 8218: 8214: 8204: 8202: 8193: 8192: 8188: 8178: 8176: 8163: 8162: 8158: 8148: 8146: 8137: 8136: 8132: 8124: 8120: 8110: 8108: 8097: 8093: 8078: 8074: 8064: 8062: 8059:Gość Niedzielny 8053: 8052: 8048: 8038: 8036: 8026: 8022: 8012: 8010: 8001: 8000: 7996: 7986: 7984: 7975: 7974: 7970: 7961: 7960: 7956: 7946: 7944: 7934: 7930: 7914: 7910: 7897: 7896: 7892: 7884: 7880: 7870: 7868: 7858: 7854: 7846: 7839: 7831: 7827: 7817: 7815: 7805: 7801: 7793: 7789: 7779: 7777: 7767: 7763: 7753: 7751: 7733: 7729: 7720: 7719: 7715: 7709:Gazeta Wyborcza 7703: 7699: 7686: 7685: 7681: 7668: 7667: 7663: 7648: 7641: 7628: 7627: 7623: 7612: 7608: 7598: 7596: 7586: 7582: 7572: 7570: 7557: 7556: 7552: 7542: 7540: 7531: 7530: 7519: 7509: 7507: 7498: 7497: 7493: 7483: 7481: 7480:. 19 March 2007 7472: 7471: 7467: 7457: 7455: 7454:. 17 March 2007 7446: 7445: 7441: 7431: 7429: 7421: 7420: 7416: 7406: 7404: 7403:on 5 March 2008 7393: 7389: 7379: 7377: 7367: 7360: 7345: 7341: 7328: 7327: 7323: 7318:on 9 June 2019. 7306: 7305: 7301: 7296:on 8 June 2019. 7284: 7283: 7279: 7271: 7267: 7257: 7255: 7250: 7249: 7245: 7235: 7233: 7224: 7223: 7219: 7209: 7207: 7192: 7188: 7173: 7169: 7156: 7155: 7151: 7136: 7132: 7122: 7120: 7105: 7101: 7091: 7089: 7082: 7075: 7065: 7063: 7058:(1 July 2007). 7053: 7049: 7039: 7037: 7028: 7027: 7023: 7013: 7011: 7002: 7001: 6997: 6987: 6985: 6981: 6974: 6970: 6969: 6932: 6922: 6920: 6911: 6910: 6906: 6902:3 December 2020 6898: 6891: 6881: 6879: 6878:on 15 July 2014 6866: 6865: 6861: 6851: 6849: 6848:. 13 March 2013 6840: 6839: 6835: 6825: 6823: 6813: 6809: 6799: 6797: 6788: 6787: 6783: 6773: 6771: 6768:polskieradio.pl 6762: 6761: 6757: 6747: 6745: 6742:polskieradio.pl 6736: 6735: 6731: 6721: 6719: 6711: 6707: 6706: 6702: 6695: 6672: 6664: 6657: 6645: 6641: 6640: 6636: 6626: 6624: 6616: 6615: 6611: 6601: 6599: 6595: 6589: 6585: 6576: 6575: 6571: 6561: 6559: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6529: 6528: 6524: 6511: 6510: 6506: 6500:Wayback Machine 6491: 6487: 6483:. (pages 36–39. 6481:Wayback Machine 6472: 6468: 6462:Wayback Machine 6453: 6449: 6439: 6437: 6432: 6431: 6427: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6390: 6389: 6385: 6375: 6373: 6369: 6365: 6364: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6339: 6338: 6334: 6324: 6322: 6318: 6314: 6313: 6309: 6299: 6297: 6293: 6287: 6283: 6273: 6271: 6267: 6263: 6262: 6258: 6248: 6246: 6242: 6238: 6237: 6233: 6223: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6212: 6208: 6198: 6196: 6192: 6188: 6187: 6183: 6173: 6171: 6153: 6149: 6139: 6137: 6133: 6127: 6123: 6113: 6111: 6107: 6101: 6097: 6087: 6085: 6081: 6075: 6071: 6061: 6059: 6048: 6044: 6034: 6032: 6019: 6018: 6014: 6004: 6002: 5993: 5992: 5988: 5978: 5976: 5969: 5965: 5955: 5953: 5948: 5947: 5943: 5935: 5931: 5921: 5919: 5915: 5914: 5910: 5900: 5898: 5887: 5883: 5876: 5862: 5858: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5839: 5838: 5834: 5825: 5824: 5817: 5808: 5807: 5803: 5793: 5791: 5780: 5779: 5772: 5762: 5760: 5751: 5750: 5746: 5731: 5727: 5717: 5715: 5700: 5696: 5686: 5684: 5675: 5674: 5670: 5660: 5658: 5645: 5641: 5628: 5624: 5615: 5614: 5610: 5601: 5600: 5596: 5586: 5584: 5579: 5578: 5574: 5564: 5562: 5552: 5548: 5538: 5536: 5526: 5522: 5510: 5508: 5498: 5494: 5481: 5480: 5476: 5466: 5464: 5454: 5450: 5435: 5434: 5430: 5420: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5409: 5405: 5399:Wayback Machine 5390: 5386: 5376: 5374: 5370: 5363: 5359: 5358: 5354: 5344: 5342: 5333: 5332: 5328: 5318: 5316: 5315:. 11 March 2021 5307: 5306: 5302: 5292:Wayback Machine 5283: 5279: 5267: 5263: 5255: 5251: 5243: 5239: 5233:Wayback Machine 5224: 5220: 5210: 5208: 5199: 5198: 5194: 5184: 5182: 5181:on 21 July 2011 5173: 5172: 5168: 5158: 5156: 5151: 5150: 5146: 5136: 5134: 5129: 5128: 5124: 5114: 5112: 5107: 5106: 5102: 5092: 5090: 5085: 5084: 5080: 5070: 5068: 5063: 5062: 5058: 5048: 5046: 5037: 5036: 5032: 5022: 5020: 5010: 5006: 4996: 4994: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4970: 4968: 4960: 4959: 4955: 4942: 4941: 4937: 4927: 4925: 4912: 4911: 4907: 4897: 4895: 4894:on 19 June 2018 4882: 4881: 4877: 4867: 4865: 4856: 4855: 4851: 4841: 4839: 4834: 4833: 4829: 4820: 4819: 4815: 4805: 4803: 4798: 4797: 4793: 4783: 4781: 4776: 4775: 4771: 4761: 4759: 4755: 4749: 4745: 4735: 4733: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4710: 4708: 4705:Huffington Post 4697: 4688: 4633: 4629: 4619: 4617: 4612: 4611: 4607: 4597: 4595: 4590: 4589: 4582: 4577: 4573: 4568: 4564: 4533: 4529: 4498: 4494: 4443: 4436: 4426: 4424: 4413: 4409: 4402: 4388: 4379: 4369: 4367: 4358: 4357: 4350: 4341: 4340: 4336: 4324: 4323: 4319: 4307: 4306: 4302: 4293: 4292: 4288: 4278: 4276: 4266: 4262: 4251: 4238: 4226: 4225: 4218: 4205: 4204: 4197: 4185: 4184: 4177: 4160: 4159: 4152: 4139: 4138: 4131: 4117:Family Advocate 4109: 4105: 4094: 4080: 4076: 4065: 4051: 4047: 4036: 4022: 4018: 4005: 4004: 4000: 3990: 3988: 3979: 3978: 3974: 3960: 3956: 3917:Osteuropa Recht 3909: 3900: 3887: 3886: 3879: 3869: 3867: 3865: 3846: 3842: 3832: 3830: 3821: 3814: 3812: 3811:on 29 July 2010 3803: 3802: 3798: 3788: 3786: 3778: 3777: 3773: 3763: 3761: 3749: 3742: 3738: 3695: 3690: 3688: 3681: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3319: 3302: 3287:Gazeta Wyborcza 3255:Mayor of Warsaw 3230:equality parade 3222: 3216: 3196:Parada Równości 3184:Parada Równości 3177: 3091:Law and Justice 3063: 3057: 3029: 2990: 2975: 2925:In March 2007, 2897:Parada Równości 2847: 2836:Mayor of Warsaw 2758:President-elect 2746:Gazeta Wyborcza 2706:Mayor of Warsaw 2681:In the city of 2669:Parada Równości 2660: 2654: 2646: 2640: 2632: 2626: 2600:Law and Justice 2592: 2590:Law and Justice 2584:Dunja Mijatović 2522: 2457: 2456: 2455: 2454: 2450: 2448: 2444: 2442: 2438: 2436: 2432: 2430: 2426: 2399: 2381: 2366: 2356: 2341: 2331: 2316: 2306: 2291: 2281: 2266: 2256: 2238: 2228: 2184: 2166: 2156: 2134: 2124: 2114: 2104: 2087: 2077: 2067: 2057: 2047: 2035: 2028: 2021: 2014: 2007: 2000: 1993: 1986: 1979: 1972: 1963: 1956: 1949: 1942: 1935: 1910: 1889: 1874: 1864: 1849: 1839: 1824: 1814: 1799: 1789: 1777: 1764: 1752: 1745: 1738: 1731: 1707: 1689: 1678: 1661: 1649: 1642: 1621: 1611: 1601: 1591: 1575: 1565: 1555: 1545: 1529: 1512: 1506: 1496: 1486: 1476: 1466: 1456: 1446: 1424: 1406: 1399: 1389: 1379: 1369: 1359: 1349: 1336: 1329: 1319: 1298: 1291: 1284: 1277: 1270: 1263: 1256: 1249: 1242: 1235: 1228: 1221: 1214: 1207: 1200: 1193: 1186: 1179: 1172: 1165: 1158: 1151: 1107: 1101: 1093:gender ideology 1064: 1031: 1022: 1006:RCKiK Bydgoszcz 994: 946: 940: 916: 891: 883: 881:Hate crime laws 870: 867:Zbigniew Ziobro 848:Zbigniew Ziobro 820:) in 2003. The 810: 772: 764:Kozak v. Poland 729: 707: 679: 651: 623: 595: 567: 539: 501: 357: 351: 288: 256:Lambda Warszawa 229:LGBT-free zones 217:Law and Justice 191:Catholic Church 140: 74:Gender identity 58: 57: 46: 23: 12: 11: 5: 9746: 9736: 9735: 9718: 9717: 9715: 9714: 9709: 9707:European Union 9703: 9701: 9700:Other entities 9697: 9696: 9694: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9657: 9655: 9654:other entities 9649: 9648: 9646: 9645: 9640: 9635: 9630: 9625: 9619: 9617: 9611: 9610: 9608: 9607: 9602: 9600:United Kingdom 9597: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9557: 9552: 9547: 9542: 9537: 9532: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9502: 9497: 9492: 9487: 9482: 9477: 9472: 9467: 9465: 9460: 9455: 9450: 9445: 9440: 9435: 9430: 9425: 9420: 9415: 9413:Czech Republic 9410: 9405: 9400: 9395: 9390: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9354: 9352: 9348: 9347: 9340: 9339: 9332: 9325: 9317: 9308: 9307: 9305: 9304: 9293: 9290: 9289: 9287: 9286: 9281: 9274: 9269: 9264: 9257: 9251: 9249: 9243: 9242: 9240: 9239: 9234: 9229: 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7491: 7465: 7439: 7414: 7387: 7358: 7339: 7321: 7299: 7277: 7265: 7243: 7217: 7186: 7167: 7149: 7130: 7099: 7073: 7047: 7021: 7010:on 21 May 2014 6995: 6930: 6904: 6889: 6859: 6833: 6807: 6781: 6755: 6729: 6716:data.europa.eu 6700: 6693: 6655: 6634: 6609: 6583: 6569: 6558:. 26 June 2017 6547: 6522: 6504: 6485: 6466: 6447: 6425: 6401: 6383: 6358: 6332: 6307: 6281: 6256: 6231: 6206: 6181: 6147: 6121: 6095: 6069: 6042: 6012: 5986: 5963: 5941: 5929: 5908: 5881: 5874: 5856: 5832: 5815: 5801: 5770: 5759:. 3 March 2018 5744: 5725: 5694: 5668: 5639: 5622: 5608: 5594: 5572: 5546: 5520: 5492: 5474: 5448: 5428: 5403: 5384: 5352: 5326: 5300: 5277: 5261: 5249: 5237: 5218: 5207:on 8 June 2011 5192: 5166: 5144: 5122: 5100: 5078: 5056: 5030: 5004: 4978: 4953: 4950:. 5 June 2018. 4935: 4905: 4875: 4849: 4827: 4813: 4791: 4769: 4743: 4718: 4686: 4647:(3): 631–652. 4627: 4605: 4580: 4571: 4562: 4527: 4492: 4434: 4407: 4400: 4377: 4348: 4334: 4317: 4300: 4286: 4274:Balkan Insight 4260: 4236: 4216: 4195: 4175: 4150: 4129: 4103: 4092: 4074: 4063: 4045: 4034: 4016: 3998: 3987:. 26 June 2019 3972: 3954: 3923:(4): 483–495. 3898: 3877: 3863: 3840: 3829:on 11 May 2013 3796: 3771: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3733: 3732: 3727: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3686: 3670: 3667: 3664: 3663: 3660: 3653: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3629: 3625: 3624: 3622: 3615: 3611: 3610: 3608: 3601: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3591: 3588: 3581: 3577: 3576: 3573: 3566: 3562: 3561: 3559: 3552: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3538: 3534: 3533: 3530: 3523: 3519: 3518: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3504: 3500: 3499: 3496: 3489: 3485: 3484: 3475: 3468: 3464: 3463: 3459: 3458: 3455: 3448: 3444: 3443: 3440: 3433: 3429: 3428: 3425: 3418: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3404: 3400: 3399: 3397: 3390: 3386: 3385: 3382: 3375: 3371: 3370: 3366: 3365: 3362: 3355: 3351: 3350: 3347: 3340: 3336: 3335: 3331: 3330: 3327: 3324: 3318: 3315: 3301: 3300:Public opinion 3298: 3258:Lech Kaczyński 3246:ruling of the 3218:Main article: 3215: 3212: 3176: 3173: 3146:European Union 3099:LGBT-free zone 3061:LGBT-free zone 3059:Main article: 3056: 3053: 3033:Robert Biedroń 3028: 3025: 3001:Robert Biedroń 2989: 2986: 2974: 2973:Civic Platform 2971: 2970: 2969: 2962: 2955: 2927:Roman Giertych 2909:Roman Giertych 2846: 2843: 2702:Lech Kaczyński 2652: 2638: 2624: 2606:(LPR) and the 2596:2005 elections 2591: 2588: 2553:Civic Platform 2521: 2518: 2503: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2449: 2443: 2437: 2431: 2425: 2418: 2417: 2416: 2407:equality march 2398: 2397:Public opinion 2395: 2392: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2378: 2375: 2371: 2370: 2363: 2360: 2353: 2350: 2346: 2345: 2338: 2335: 2328: 2325: 2321: 2320: 2313: 2310: 2303: 2300: 2296: 2295: 2288: 2285: 2278: 2275: 2271: 2270: 2263: 2260: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2245: 2242: 2235: 2232: 2225: 2221: 2220: 2217: 2216:Lesbian (Yes) 2214: 2211: 2208: 2196: 2195: 2191: 2188: 2181: 2178: 2173: 2170: 2163: 2160: 2153: 2150: 2146: 2145: 2141: 2138: 2131: 2128: 2121: 2118: 2111: 2108: 2101: 2098: 2094: 2093: 2091: 2084: 2081: 2074: 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24: 21: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9745: 9734: 9731: 9730: 9728: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9704: 9702: 9698: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9666:Faroe Islands 9664: 9662: 9659: 9658: 9656: 9650: 9644: 9641: 9639: 9638:South Ossetia 9636: 9634: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9620: 9618: 9612: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9561: 9558: 9556: 9553: 9551: 9548: 9546: 9543: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9503: 9501: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9485:Liechtenstein 9483: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9468: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9444: 9441: 9439: 9436: 9434: 9431: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9421: 9419: 9416: 9414: 9411: 9409: 9406: 9404: 9401: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9356: 9355: 9353: 9349: 9345: 9338: 9333: 9331: 9326: 9324: 9319: 9318: 9315: 9303: 9295: 9294: 9291: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9279: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9268: 9265: 9262: 9261:LGBT ideology 9258: 9256: 9253: 9252: 9250: 9248: 9244: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9226: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9209: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9177: 9167: 9166: 9162: 9160: 9159: 9155: 9154: 9152: 9148: 9142: 9141: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9127: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9113: 9109: 9108: 9106: 9102: 9096: 9093: 9088: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9074: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9060: 9056: 9055: 9053: 9049: 9043: 9042: 9038: 9036: 9035: 9031: 9029: 9028: 9024: 9022: 9021: 9017: 9013: 9008: 9005: 9004: 9002: 8998: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8980: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8964:Onu (pronoun) 8962: 8961: 8959: 8955: 8948: 8947:Stop Bullshit 8945: 8942: 8939: 8936: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8920: 8914: 8909: 8906: 8905: 8903: 8900: 8897: 8894: 8893: 8891: 8889:Organizations 8887: 8880: 8879:Rainbow Night 8877: 8872: 8867: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8851: 8848: 8845: 8842: 8839: 8836: 8833: 8831: 8828: 8827: 8825: 8823: 8819: 8810: 8805: 8803: 8798: 8796: 8791: 8790: 8787: 8779: 8775: 8771: 8767: 8760: 8748: 8737: 8733: 8727: 8720: 8719: 8713: 8709: 8705: 8701: 8697: 8696: 8689: 8688: 8684: 8680: 8674: 8672: 8669: 8664: 8662: 8638: 8634: 8628: 8612: 8605: 8589: 8585: 8579: 8564: 8560: 8554: 8539: 8535: 8529: 8513: 8509: 8503: 8488: 8484: 8478: 8462: 8458: 8452: 8437:. 5 June 2018 8436: 8432: 8426: 8411: 8407: 8401: 8386: 8382: 8376: 8361: 8357: 8351: 8332: 8325: 8319: 8303: 8299: 8293: 8291: 8274: 8270: 8264: 8248: 8244: 8237: 8235: 8226: 8222: 8216: 8200: 8196: 8190: 8174: 8170: 8166: 8160: 8145:on 8 May 2014 8144: 8140: 8134: 8127: 8122: 8106: 8102: 8095: 8087: 8083: 8076: 8060: 8056: 8050: 8035: 8031: 8024: 8008: 8004: 7998: 7982: 7978: 7972: 7964: 7963:"Open Letter" 7958: 7943: 7939: 7932: 7925: 7921: 7917: 7912: 7904: 7903:Star Observer 7900: 7894: 7887: 7882: 7867: 7863: 7856: 7849: 7844: 7842: 7834: 7829: 7814: 7810: 7803: 7796: 7791: 7776: 7775:The Telegraph 7772: 7765: 7750: 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Krakow Post 7087: 7080: 7078: 7061: 7057: 7056:Graham, Colin 7051: 7035: 7031: 7025: 7009: 7005: 6999: 6980: 6973: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6961: 6959: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6951: 6949: 6947: 6945: 6943: 6941: 6939: 6937: 6935: 6918: 6914: 6908: 6901: 6896: 6894: 6877: 6873: 6869: 6863: 6847: 6843: 6837: 6822: 6821:kafkadesk.org 6818: 6811: 6795: 6791: 6785: 6769: 6765: 6759: 6743: 6739: 6733: 6717: 6710: 6704: 6696: 6690: 6686: 6682: 6678: 6671: 6670: 6662: 6660: 6651: 6644: 6638: 6623: 6619: 6613: 6594: 6587: 6579: 6573: 6557: 6551: 6532: 6526: 6518: 6514: 6508: 6501: 6497: 6494: 6489: 6482: 6478: 6475: 6470: 6463: 6459: 6456: 6451: 6435: 6429: 6411: 6405: 6397: 6393: 6387: 6368: 6362: 6346: 6342: 6336: 6317: 6311: 6292: 6285: 6266: 6260: 6241: 6235: 6216: 6210: 6191: 6185: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6151: 6132: 6125: 6106: 6099: 6080: 6073: 6057: 6053: 6046: 6030: 6026: 6022: 6016: 6000: 5996: 5990: 5974: 5967: 5951: 5945: 5938: 5933: 5918: 5912: 5896: 5892: 5885: 5877: 5871: 5867: 5860: 5842: 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4642: 4641:Slavic Review 4638: 4631: 4615: 4609: 4593: 4587: 4585: 4575: 4566: 4558: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4531: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4496: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4452: 4448: 4441: 4439: 4422: 4418: 4411: 4403: 4397: 4393: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4365: 4361: 4355: 4353: 4344: 4343:"Wyborcza.pl" 4338: 4331: 4327: 4321: 4314: 4310: 4304: 4296: 4290: 4275: 4271: 4264: 4258: 4254: 4249: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4233: 4229: 4223: 4221: 4213: 4208: 4202: 4200: 4192: 4188: 4182: 4180: 4172: 4169: 4163: 4157: 4155: 4147: 4142: 4136: 4134: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4107: 4100: 4095: 4093:9781785363047 4089: 4085: 4078: 4071: 4066: 4064:9788325573652 4060: 4056: 4049: 4042: 4037: 4035:9783642354342 4031: 4027: 4020: 4012: 4008: 4002: 3986: 3982: 3976: 3969: 3964: 3958: 3951: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3907: 3905: 3903: 3894: 3890: 3884: 3882: 3866: 3864:9780195117394 3860: 3856: 3855: 3850: 3844: 3828: 3824: 3810: 3806: 3800: 3785: 3781: 3775: 3760: 3759: 3754: 3747: 3745: 3740: 3731: 3728: 3726: 3723: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3702: 3698: 3697:Poland portal 3687: 3684: 3673: 3661: 3658: 3654: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3634: 3630: 3627: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3616: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3602: 3599: 3598: 3593: 3589: 3586: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3574: 3571: 3567: 3564: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3553: 3550: 3549: 3546: 3543: 3539: 3536: 3535: 3531: 3528: 3524: 3521: 3520: 3515: 3512: 3509: 3505: 3502: 3501: 3497: 3494: 3490: 3487: 3486: 3482: 3481: 3476: 3473: 3469: 3466: 3465: 3460: 3456: 3453: 3449: 3446: 3445: 3441: 3438: 3434: 3431: 3430: 3426: 3423: 3419: 3416: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3405: 3402: 3401: 3398: 3395: 3391: 3388: 3387: 3383: 3380: 3376: 3373: 3372: 3367: 3363: 3360: 3356: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3345: 3341: 3338: 3337: 3332: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3322: 3317:Summary table 3314: 3310: 3307: 3297: 3295: 3290: 3288: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3274: 3271: 3266: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3251: 3249: 3245: 3244: 3237: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3226:LGBT movement 3221: 3209: 3204: 3197: 3192: 3185: 3181: 3172: 3170: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3155: 3149: 3147: 3142: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3121: 3116: 3114: 3110: 3109: 3108:Gazeta Polska 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3089:, the ruling 3088: 3080: 3076: 3072: 3067: 3062: 3052: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3034: 3024: 3020: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2993:Your Movement 2988:Your Movement 2985: 2983: 2980: 2967: 2963: 2960: 2956: 2953: 2949: 2948: 2947: 2943: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2905: 2902: 2898: 2893: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2851:2005 election 2842: 2840: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2824: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2809:Black Madonna 2805: 2800: 2798: 2797:Anna Zalewska 2794: 2788: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2775: 2770: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2754: 2751: 2747: 2742: 2740: 2735: 2729: 2727: 2723: 2718: 2715: 2709: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2698:2005 election 2694: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2679: 2677: 2672: 2670: 2666: 2657: 2651: 2643: 2637: 2629: 2623: 2619: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2587: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2572: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2556: 2554: 2549: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2538:Confederation 2535: 2531: 2530:Your Movement 2527: 2517: 2513: 2510: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2472: 2471: 2469: 2464: 2462: 2424: 2423: 2412: 2408: 2403: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2379: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2369: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2347: 2344: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2322: 2319: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2297: 2294: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2272: 2269: 2264: 2261: 2259: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2247: 2243: 2241: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2219:Lesbian (No) 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2207:, July 2005) 2206: 2202: 2201: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2139: 2137: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2122: 2119: 2117: 2112: 2109: 2107: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2045: 2042: 2041: 2038: 2033: 2031: 2026: 2024: 2019: 2017: 2012: 2010: 2005: 2003: 1998: 1996: 1991: 1989: 1984: 1982: 1977: 1975: 1970: 1969: 1929: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1908: 1905: 1904: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1887: 1884: 1883: 1879: 1877: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1862: 1859: 1858: 1854: 1852: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1829: 1827: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1812: 1809: 1808: 1804: 1802: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1780: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1762: 1759: 1758: 1755: 1750: 1748: 1743: 1741: 1736: 1734: 1729: 1728: 1717: 1710: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1694: 1692: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1666: 1664: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1652: 1647: 1645: 1640: 1639: 1631: 1624: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1599: 1596: 1594: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1415: 1411: 1409: 1404: 1402: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1334: 1332: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1301: 1296: 1294: 1289: 1287: 1282: 1280: 1275: 1273: 1268: 1266: 1261: 1259: 1254: 1252: 1247: 1245: 1240: 1238: 1233: 1231: 1226: 1224: 1219: 1217: 1212: 1210: 1205: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1191: 1189: 1184: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1170: 1168: 1163: 1161: 1156: 1154: 1149: 1148: 1110: 1106: 1099:Opinion polls 1096: 1094: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1080: 1076: 1071: 1069: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1026: 1017: 1013: 1011: 1007: 1003: 998: 989: 987: 982: 977: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 945: 935: 933: 928: 925: 921: 911: 909: 905: 899: 895: 886: 878: 874: 868: 864: 860: 857: 852: 849: 844: 839: 835: 832: 826: 823: 819: 815: 805: 801: 799: 793: 791: 787: 782: 779: 777: 767: 765: 761: 757: 756:III CZP 65/12 752: 750: 746: 740: 738: 734: 719: 715: 712: 710: 705: 702: 699: 696: 695: 691: 687: 684: 682: 677: 674: 671: 668: 667: 663: 659: 656: 654: 649: 646: 643: 640: 639: 635: 631: 628: 626: 621: 618: 615: 612: 611: 607: 603: 600: 598: 593: 590: 587: 584: 583: 579: 575: 572: 570: 565: 562: 559: 556: 555: 551: 547: 544: 542: 537: 534: 531: 528: 527: 523: 520: 517: 514: 511: 508: 507: 496: 494: 490: 486: 485:LGBT movement 482: 477: 473: 468: 466: 461: 459: 455: 451: 448: 443: 441: 437: 433: 432:Your Movement 429: 425: 424:Your Movement 421: 416: 411: 407: 404: 400: 395: 392: 386: 384: 380: 376: 375:Supreme Court 371: 367: 362: 356: 346: 344: 340: 336: 331: 329: 328:Monika Płatek 324: 318: 316: 312: 308: 304: 299: 297: 293: 283: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 249: 245: 240: 239:" in Poland. 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 215:, the ruling 214: 210: 205: 201: 196: 192: 188: 183: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 160: 155: 153: 149: 145: 138: 128: 126: 122: 119: 116: 114: 110: 107:Family rights 105: 101: 97: 95: 91: 87: 85: 81: 77: 75: 71: 67: 65: 61: 56: 54: 50: 44: 38: 31: 26: 19: 16: 9643:Transnistria 9605:Vatican City 9534: 9276: 9246: 9163: 9156: 9138: 9124: 9110: 9085: 9071: 9057: 9039: 9032: 9025: 9018: 8853:Tęczowy Laur 8777: 8736:the original 8717: 8708:the original 8703: 8678: 8676: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8660: 8658: 8655:Bibliography 8641:. Retrieved 8636: 8627: 8615:. Retrieved 8604: 8592:. Retrieved 8587: 8578: 8566:. Retrieved 8562: 8553: 8541:. Retrieved 8537: 8528: 8516:. Retrieved 8511: 8502: 8490:. Retrieved 8486: 8477: 8465:. Retrieved 8461:PolskieRadio 8460: 8451: 8439:. Retrieved 8435:The Guardian 8434: 8425: 8413:. Retrieved 8409: 8400: 8388:. Retrieved 8384: 8375: 8363:. Retrieved 8359: 8350: 8338:. Retrieved 8331:the original 8318: 8306:. Retrieved 8301: 8277:. Retrieved 8272: 8263: 8251:. Retrieved 8246: 8224: 8215: 8203:. Retrieved 8198: 8189: 8177:. Retrieved 8173:the original 8168: 8159: 8147:. Retrieved 8143:the original 8133: 8121: 8109:. Retrieved 8105:the original 8094: 8086:the original 8075: 8063:. Retrieved 8058: 8049: 8037:. Retrieved 8033: 8023: 8011:. Retrieved 8006: 7997: 7985:. Retrieved 7980: 7971: 7957: 7945:. Retrieved 7941: 7931: 7924:The Guardian 7911: 7902: 7893: 7881: 7869:. Retrieved 7865: 7855: 7828: 7816:. Retrieved 7812: 7802: 7790: 7778:. Retrieved 7774: 7764: 7752:. 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