281:
347:
61:
42:
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Code (Law No. 1/010 of June 30, 2000) included a section relating to biological diversity, which sets out provisions aimed at protection of fauna, flora and biodiversity by prohibiting attacks on natural environments and animal and plant resources. The Code also provides for the possibility of instituting special protection measures by creation of "integral reserves" with a view to further strengthening the conservation of species which are particularly threatened or in danger of disappearing.
68:
412:
354:
On 8 July 2011 a management plan for the
Bugesera aquatic landscapes was validated in a workshop in Kirundo attended by officials of the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of the Environment, local elected leaders and anvironmental experts. The plan aimed to conserve and improve the biodiversity of
263:
The lakes are marshy, with an average depth of 2.5 to 5 metres (8 ft 2 in to 16 ft 5 in). All eight lakes are important bird habitats, with 60 species identified in Lake
Rwihinda alone. They provide a variety of fish to the surrounding populations. The wetlands leading out of and
296:
Decree-law No. 100/007 of 25 January 2000 relating to the delimitation of protected areas recognized the Lake
Rwihinda Managed Reserve as a protected area requiring strict protection measures in the same way as other protected areas, although it did not yet have legal boundaries. The Environmental
300:
The precursor "Lacs du Nord
Aquatic Landscape Protected Area" was created in 2006, in theory conserving over 30,000 hectares (74,000 acres), or 14.2 of Burundi's interior waters, up from 0.2%. The stated goals were integrated community management, agricultural production, and lake conservation. The
292:
was created in this context. Decree-law No. 100/47 of the same date, created the
National Institute for Nature Conservation (INCN) to implement decree-law No. 1/6, and placed it under the direct authority of the Presidency of the Republic. Decree-Law No. 100/188 of 5 October 1989, reorganized the
267:
A study of the area to be protected, issued in August 2005, said that the lakes, marshes and forests of northern
Burundi were being severely over-exploited by the local people, and sometimes there were conflicts between people and authorities over this exploitation. Rapid population growth, poor
1080:
The lakes play an important role as habitats for both migratory and sedentary birds. Migratory birds coming from Europe towards South Africa and Asia rest at the site. According to an inventory made in Lake
Rwihinda alone, more than 60 species are known, including remarkable species such as
395:
on a large scale, which has crowded out native vegetation and reduced fish stocks. Burundi has done little to remove the hyacinths. In
October 2023 the Inades-Formation Burundi held an workshop on water resource management with local leaders in the capital of Kirundo Province to celebrate
355:
the lakes and marshlands, and of the Murehe forest, to preserve the cultural, scientific and touristic value of
Burundi's landscapes, and to involve the local people in managing the ecosystems of the Bugesera region. Several different types of protected areas were defined:
293:
INCN as the
National Institute for the Environment and Nature Conservation (INECN). It is responsible for overall protection of the environment in Burundi, but is under the supervision of the Ministry of Territorial Planning, Environment and Tourism.
268:
farming practices and deforestation were causing damage to the marshes. The water level of some lakes had dropped significantly, and some had disappeared. In the Murehe Forest there were conflicts between officials, refugees, returnees and the
338:, 100 kilometres (62 mi) to the south. The total area of the Protected Aquatic Landscape of the North is 16,242 hectares (40,130 acres), including eight lakes and the Murehe Reserve, which now covers just 3,075 hectares (7,600 acres).
207:
ecological zone of Burundi. It has an average altitude of 1,350 to 1,400 metres (4,430 to 4,590 ft) and includes very rounded hills up to 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) high. In the valley floor, vast marshes sheltering
107:
321:
in the Province of Kirundo was created by decret no. 100/114 of 12 April 2011. It covers lakes Rwihinda, Narungazi, Mwungere, Gitamo, Gacamirindi, Cohoha, Rweru, Kanzigiri and the Murehe Forest. The site is in the
231:
is 200 metres (660 ft) to 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) wide, 70 kilometres (43 mi) long, with an estimated area of 200 square kilometres (77 sq mi). The Akanyaru River winds through a
236:
swamp. The tributaries of the lower course of the Akanyaru are all marshy and the lakes of its drainage basin are located in the tributary valleys. The lakes are, from upstream to downstream,
400:. It was noted that although the 2012 water code encouraged good practices and penalized violations, some of the lakes still suffered from pollution and unsustainable illegal fishing.
220:(750 ha) are in the eastern part of the Bugesera Depression. Lake Rweru is connected to Lake Kanzigiri through a valley filled with swamps. There is a natural savannah, the
17:
674:
372:"Integral Zones" cover lakes Gacamirina, Nagitamo and Mwungere and the marshlands in tributary valleys of Akanyaru river that connect with all the lakes, and notably with
845:
560:
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902:
731:
788:
617:
503:
323:
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1332:
1124:. The site is therefore home to a significant proportion of native species at different stages of their life cycle, from daily feeding to reproduction.
264:
into many of the lakes are irrigated for rice and sugar cane fields, and the surrounding hillsides are developed for diverse agricultural production.
365:"Managed Natural Reserves" cover lakes Rweru, Rwihinda and Kanzigiri, where sustainable fishing is allowed, birds will be encouraged to return, and
60:
384:
Buffer zones, or belts of land at least 50 metres (160 ft) wide, would be established around "Managed Natural Reserves" and "Integral Zones"
1050:
1489:
427:
305:; the managed Reserves of Lake Rwihinda, Lake Rweru and Lake Cohoha; and the integrated protected zones of Lakes Gacamirinda, Mwungere,
359:"Protected Aquatic Areas" include marshland and collines, allowing access and use by people, respecting traditional land use approaches
288:
Decree-law No. 1/6 of 3 March 1980 defined the legal framework for creation of national parks and nature reserves in Burundi. The
454:
449:
444:
1440:
1112:
Of the 20 species of fish in the northern lakes, 12 are indigenous, including 2 endemic to the Akagera sub-basin,
415:
272:
ethnic group, large areas had been cleared to grow sorghum and beans, and trees were used as fuel to dry tobacco.
664:
550:
362:"Integrated Natural Reserves" exclude all human activities to allow vegetation to regenerate and grow naturally
1419:
1057:), ecologically threatened in Burundi (marked EN according to the IUCN Red List, and listed in Appendix II of
721:
289:
835:
892:
607:
439:
493:
1401:
949:
778:
302:
1347:
1109:. The site also supports many animal species in all their life cycles from reproduction to growth.
1461:
USAID/Burundi Foreign Assistance Act Sections 118/119 Tropical Forests and Biodiversity Analysis
191:, Burundi. It covers eight lakes in the north of the province, and a forest. It was designated
280:
1114:
1069:
1387:
World Food Day in Burundi: Involving all stakeholders for the survival of the northern lakes
1364:
1349:
Décret n°100-114 du 12 avril 2011 portant délimitation du paysage aquatique protégé du nord.
8:
1096:
1038:
204:
346:
1120:
1063:
326:, in Kirundo Province and borders Rwanda to the north. The closest major cities are
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41:
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84:
233:
209:
170:
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366:
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228:
227:
In the western part of the Bugesera Depression, the marshy valley of the upper
217:
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1323:
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975:
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47:
1103:
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Nzigidahera, Benoît; Fofo, Alphonse; Misigaro, Apollinaire (August 2005),
245:
237:
192:
1403:
Kagera TAMP - Bugesera aquatic landscapes endowed with a management plan
1302:
1300:
1285:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1156:
1154:
1141:
1139:
1137:
213:
1061:). The site also contains endemic and threatened fish species such as
1421:
Paysage Aquatique Protege du Nord du Burundi – Etude D'identification
1297:
1273:
331:
1217:
1205:
1151:
1134:
430:
1166:
1325:
Burundi Environmental Threats and Opportunities Assessment (ETOA)
1037:
The landscape is one of the rare sites in Burundi visited by the
327:
95:
67:
1183:
1181:
335:
1058:
388:
269:
1178:
1049:. It is one of the rare places in Burundi where we find the
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1306:
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1279:
1228:
1211:
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The Protected Aquatic Landscape of the North is in the
1234:
301:
protected aquatic landscape integrated the integrated
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Fiche descriptive sur les zones humides Ramsar (FDR)
1439:Nzigidahera, Benoît; Fofo, Alphonse (March 2005b),
334:, 125 kilometres (78 mi) to the southwest and
1352:, Food and Agriculture Organization, 12 April 2011
1333:United States Agency for International Development
1045:), an endangered species (EN) as indicated on the
391:report noted that the lakes have been invaded by
1481:
1438:
1187:
275:
1458:
1442:Réserve Gérée du Lac Rwihinda: Plan de gestion
1255:
312:
1406:, Kirundo province, Burundi: FAO, 8 July 2011
18:Lacs du Nord Aquatic Landscape Protected Area
1346:
1199:
1400:
1383:
1267:
1243:
403:
224:(3075 ha) in the watershed of Lake Rweru.
1384:Havyarimana, Richard (7 November 2023),
345:
279:
167:Protected Aquatic Landscape of the North
135:Protected Aquatic Landscape of the North
30:Protected Aquatic Landscape of the North
14:
1482:
151:40,130 ha (154.9 sq mi)
1173:Nzigidahera, Fofo & Misigaro 2005
380:. Human presence would be phased out
1490:Protected areas of Kirundo Province
330:, 45 kilometres (28 mi) away,
24:
369:and other weeds will be eliminated
341:
25:
1501:
1033:Site no. 2149. Criteria include:
1027:Paysage Aquatique Protégé du Nord
416:Copernix annotated satellite view
319:Paysage aquatique protégé du Nord
240:: 4,500 hectares (11,000 acres),
176:Paysage Aquatique Protégé du Nord
35:Paysage Aquatique Protégé du Nord
410:
66:
59:
40:
1020:
256:: 61 hectares (150 acres) and
252:: 425 hectares (1,050 acres),
13:
1:
1128:
290:Lake Rwihinda Managed Reserve
185:Northern Protected Waterscape
1307:Fiche descriptive ... Ramsar
1292:Fiche descriptive ... Ramsar
1280:Fiche descriptive ... Ramsar
1229:Fiche descriptive ... Ramsar
1212:Fiche descriptive ... Ramsar
1188:Nzigidahera & Fofo 2005b
1146:Fiche descriptive ... Ramsar
276:Earlier conservation history
244:: 250 hectares (620 acres),
7:
1161:BurundiEnvironmentalThreats
455:GPX (secondary coordinates)
313:Protected Aquatic Landscape
212:are interspersed by lakes.
198:
181:Northern Protected Waterway
10:
1506:
1390:, Inades-Formation Burundi
1372:(in French), 14 March 2013
1315:
284:Trees beside Lake Rwihinda
260:: 20 hectares (49 acres).
248:: 21 hectares (52 acres),
1008:
479:
476:
473:
470:
450:GPX (primary coordinates)
425:Map all coordinates using
303:Natural Reserve of Murehe
187:, is a protected area in
155:
147:
101:
91:
80:
54:
39:
34:
29:
1073:(EN). A population of 4
954:Integral Natural Reserve
433:Download coordinates as:
195:no. 2149 in March 2014.
1335:(USAID), September 2010
1093:Plectropterus gambensis
1086:Phalacrocorax africanus
1077:persists in Lake Rweru.
726:Managed Natural Reserve
612:Managed Natural Reserve
555:Managed Natural Reserve
498:Managed Natural Reserve
404:List of protected units
324:Bugesera Natural Region
351:
285:
174:
1115:Labeobarbus acuticeps
1100:Pelecanus onocrotalus
1070:Labeobarbus acuticeps
1025:On 14 March 2013 the
465:Protected units are:
445:GPX (all coordinates)
349:
283:
976:2.39000°S 30.25000°E
919:2.60417°S 30.05278°E
862:2.55278°S 30.05694°E
805:2.51944°S 30.05417°E
748:2.53944°S 30.05417°E
691:2.45000°S 30.00000°E
634:2.44000°S 30.11000°E
577:2.45000°S 30.36000°E
520:2.39167°S 30.33333°E
1097:Great white pelican
1055:Balearica regulorum
1039:Malagasy pond heron
971: /
914: /
857: /
800: /
743: /
686: /
629: /
572: /
515: /
205:Bugesera Depression
179:), also called the
119: /
1256:USAID/Burundi 2022
1121:Synodontis ruandae
1064:Synodontis ruandae
981:-2.39000; 30.25000
924:-2.60417; 30.05278
867:-2.55278; 30.05694
810:-2.51944; 30.05417
753:-2.53944; 30.05417
696:-2.45000; 30.00000
639:-2.44000; 30.11000
582:-2.45000; 30.36000
525:-2.39167; 30.33333
352:
286:
124:2.4492°S 30.1001°E
1090:Spur-winged goose
1018:
1017:
309:, and Kanzigiri.
163:
162:
92:Nearest city
16:(Redirected from
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1268:Havyarimana 2023
1265:
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1200:Décret n°100-114
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1107:Egretta garzetta
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702:Lake Gacamirindi
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665:Lake Gacamirindi
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242:Lake Gacamirindi
189:Kirundo Province
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129:-2.4492; 30.1001
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85:Kirundo Province
70:
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46:Water lilies on
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1294:, pp. 4–5.
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1244:Kagera TAMP FAO
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1029:was designated
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342:Management plan
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234:cyperus papyrus
210:Cyperus papyrus
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1083:Reed cormorant
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952:
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873:Lake Naruganzi
841:
838:
836:Lake Narungazi
832:
831:
828:
825:
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768:
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718:
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613:
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588:Lake Kanzigiri
556:
553:
551:Lake Kanzigiri
547:
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398:World Food Day
393:water hyacinth
382:
381:
378:Ruduhira Marsh
374:Nyavyamo Marsh
370:
367:water hyacinth
363:
360:
343:
340:
314:
311:
277:
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254:Lake Naruganzi
229:Akanyaru River
218:Lake Kanzigiri
216:(7140 ha) and
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37:
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9:
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3:
2:
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1258:, p. 17.
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1223:
1221:
1213:
1208:
1201:
1196:
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1174:
1169:
1163:, p. 35.
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1123:
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1047:IUCN Red List
1044:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1013:
1010:
1005:
1004:
1000:
997:
993:
987:Murehe Forest
956:
953:
951:
950:Murehe Forest
948:
947:
943:
940:
936:
930:Lake Mwungere
899:
897:Integral Zone
896:
894:
893:Lake Mwungere
891:
890:
886:
883:
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842:
840:Integral Zone
839:
837:
834:
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829:
826:
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783:Integral Zone
782:
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759:Lake Rwihinda
728:
725:
723:
722:Lake Rwihinda
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669:Integral Zone
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437:
435:
434:
429:
428:OpenStreetMap
426:
417:
413:
401:
399:
394:
390:
385:
379:
375:
371:
368:
364:
361:
358:
357:
356:
350:Lake Rwihinda
348:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
310:
308:
304:
298:
294:
291:
282:
273:
271:
265:
261:
259:
258:Lake Mwungere
255:
251:
250:Lake Rwihinda
247:
243:
239:
235:
230:
225:
223:
222:Murehe Forest
219:
215:
211:
206:
196:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
159:12 April 2011
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
104:
100:
97:
94:
90:
86:
83:
79:
62:
53:
49:
48:Lake Rwihinda
43:
38:
33:
28:
19:
1469:, retrieved
1460:
1450:, retrieved
1441:
1429:, retrieved
1420:
1408:, retrieved
1402:
1392:, retrieved
1386:
1374:, retrieved
1365:
1354:, retrieved
1348:
1337:, retrieved
1324:
1309:, p. 5.
1287:
1282:, p. 1.
1275:
1263:
1251:
1231:, p. 3.
1214:, p. 2.
1207:
1195:
1190:, p. 9.
1175:, p. 5.
1168:
1148:, p. 4.
1119:
1113:
1106:
1104:Little egret
1099:
1092:
1085:
1075:hippopotamus
1068:
1062:
1054:
1043:Ardeola idae
1042:
1026:
1024:
464:
432:
431:
424:
386:
383:
353:
318:
316:
299:
295:
287:
266:
262:
226:
202:
184:
180:
175:
166:
164:
1467:, June 2022
1427:(in French)
1051:Royal crane
1021:Ramsar site
979: /
922: /
865: /
816:Lake Gitamo
808: /
779:Lake Gitamo
751: /
694: /
645:Lake Cohoha
637: /
608:Lake Cohoha
580: /
523: /
246:Lake Gitamo
238:Lake Cohoha
193:Ramsar site
127: /
102:Coordinates
1452:2024-06-11
1394:2024-06-09
1129:References
1088:, Gambian
985: (
966:30°15′00″E
928: (
909:30°03′10″E
871: (
852:30°03′25″E
814: (
795:30°03′15″E
757: (
738:30°03′15″E
700: (
681:30°00′00″E
643: (
624:30°06′36″E
586: (
567:30°21′36″E
531:Lake Rweru
529: (
510:30°20′00″E
494:Lake Rweru
214:Lake Rweru
133: (
114:30°06′00″E
87:, Burundi.
1067:(VU) and
963:2°23′24″S
906:2°36′15″S
849:2°33′10″S
792:2°31′10″S
735:2°32′22″S
678:2°27′00″S
621:2°26′24″S
564:2°27′00″S
507:2°23′30″S
332:Bujumbura
111:2°26′57″S
1484:Category
477:Location
307:Nagitamo
199:Location
81:Location
1448:, INECN
1316:Sources
1014:40,130
659:11,000
545:17,600
387:A 2022
328:Muyinga
156:Created
96:Muyinga
1471:9 June
1431:9 June
1410:9 June
1376:9 June
1356:9 June
1339:9 June
1031:Ramsar
1011:16,242
1001:7,600
998:3,075
773:1,050
656:4,500
602:1,900
542:7,140
336:Gitega
171:French
1465:(PDF)
1446:(PDF)
1425:(PDF)
1370:(PDF)
1329:(PDF)
1059:CITES
1006:Total
488:acre
480:Area
389:USAID
270:Batwa
1473:2024
1433:2024
1412:2024
1378:2024
1358:2024
1341:2024
1118:and
1102:and
887:150
770:425
716:620
713:250
599:750
474:Type
471:Unit
376:and
317:The
165:The
148:Area
944:49
941:20
884:61
830:52
827:21
440:KML
183:or
1486::
1331:,
1299:^
1236:^
1219:^
1180:^
1153:^
1136:^
1095:,
485:ha
173::
1270:.
1246:.
1202:.
1053:(
1041:(
989:)
932:)
875:)
818:)
761:)
704:)
647:)
590:)
533:)
169:(
137:)
20:)
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