54:
2681:
party's determination to focus on opposing the peace treaty, a matter of secondary interest to the majority of the population at a time of great urban and rural discontent with the
Bolshevik government, deprived the Left SRs of the great support with which it had counted in the spring and early summer. The government persecution of the Left SRs disrupted the organization within only a few months. The general meaning of the interventions in the last congress was dejected, unlike those of the previous one. The party was in crisis, both due to the government persecution and internal divisions. Originally opposed to the poor peasant committees created by decree on June 11 to help with the requisitioning of food and to fuel the class struggle in the countryside, the Left SRs in its last congress was more ambiguous due to the new decree from Lenin of August 18 in which it was declared that the committees should only confront the more than well-to-do peasants and not the average peasants. Although the practical consequences of this decree were very few, the tolerance of the committees by the Left SR congress, generally rejected in the countryside, ended up ruining the strength of the party in rural Russia. Many of its members gave up for joining the Bolshevik party.
2490:(14 June), economic and political centralization, the creation of a professional Army with tsarist officers, the restoration of the death penalty (May 21) and the sharpening of terror made the Left SRs an implacable enemy of the Bolsheviks. The substitution of the elected soviets led in their opinion to bureaucratization and a new tyranny. They also condemned the end of workers' control of the factories and the reappearance of the bourgeois managers, who they considered endangered the socialist transformation. For the Left SRs, food requisitions in the countryside did not solve the supply problems of the cities, but instead endangered the Soviet system of government. They weakened the Bolsheviks in the countryside while strengthening rural support for the Left Social Revolutionaries. Where the party concentrated on opposing requisitions and "
1898:). The SR leadership, on the contrary, had veteran and conservative representatives, who led the party into an alliance with the liberals. This led the party to share government power but, at the same time, jeopardized its support among the population. As the year progressed, the leadership of the SRs moved further and further away from the feelings of its followers and its base, which favoured the leftist current. The number of socialist-revolutionary organizations and committees that followed the leftist faction grew, a trend that was accentuated in the early autumn. In general, workers and soldiers agreed with the positions of the left-wing, the intelligentsia continued to support the SR party line, and the peasants and local branches were divided among them. The executive committee of the largest railway union, the
2304:, which brought together soldiers and workers with peasants for the first time, the Left SRs supported the Bolshevik position against that of the Right SRs and managed to defeat the rightist's motions to debate land management. But the leftists became increasingly dependent on Lenin's party and lost their political power base by approving the union of the soviets, as the peasant section was now subordinated to that of the workers and soldiers, controlled by the Bolsheviks. In exchange for accepting the union of the congresses, the left socialist revolutionaries had achieved the Bolshevik acceptance of the socialization of land (instead of the expropriation that the Bolsheviks proposed and would later carry out), which the new Unified Congress approved by 376 votes out of 533.
2341:, which emerged from the Congress, the Bolsheviks managed to include important clauses such as the priority of collective farms or the state concession of property that upset the Left SRs. The law produced a gigantic change in land ownership in the spring of 1918, generally carried out in a peaceful and orderly manner. Although the result did not dramatically increase the amount of land per farmer, it fulfilled the old peasant desire to drive out landowners and redistribute their land. In early 1918, The main strength of the Bolshevik-controlled regime was due to the peasant support achieved by its socialist-revolutionary allies, while in the cities the opposition of the middle classes continued and workers' disillusionment arose due to the food crisis.
1995:. At the beginning, the SRs opposed the convocation of the new congress, fearing that it would be dominated by the extremists. After seeing that it had the support of much of the populace, the party changed its stance to support the congress, but only stood for delegate elections where it believed it had a chance of being elected, having lost much of the old support in big cities and the front line. In these councils, the majority of the elected delegates were Bolsheviks or Left SRs. At least half of the Socialist Revolutionary delegates elected to Congress belonged to the leftist current of the party. Together, the SR delegations held a slight majority in the congress.
2021:, the center of the "Bolshevik adventure", having previously ordered the withdrawal of delegates from Congress. Part of the party's left wing remained in Congress and refused to leave the Military Committee. They were expelled by the SR Central Committee the next day, along with all those considered complicit in the Bolshevik uprising. The remaining delegates voted in favor of the decrees on peace and land â the latter very similar to the SR program -, but they refused to accept an exclusively Bolshevik government and demanded the formation of a coalition including both socialists in favor of the October Revolution and those who rejected it. They refused to join the
2164:
2276:
no intention of submitting to parliamentary procedures to achieve its revolutionary objectives, as was the case with the
Bolsheviks. Even the most moderate of the Left SR leaders were only willing to tolerate the existence of the Assembly as long as they did not oppose the new system of government that emerged from the October Revolution. From the party's point of view, the Assembly should limit itself to little more than endorsing the workers and peasants government created in the revolution and in no case would it be allowed to oppose the government of the Soviets, being threatened with dissolution if this happened.
2644:) were shut down the day after Mirbach's death. On July 9, the Fifth Congress of Soviets resumed its sessions, without the Social Revolutionary delegates; condemned the Left SR actions as an attempt to seize power, supported the repressive actions of the government and ordered the expulsion of Left SRs from the soviets. The central committee, which had not adequately informed its groups of the change of strategy and the possible consequences of the use of terrorism, left them ill-prepared to face its consequences. Lenin took the opportunity to get rid of the Left SRs as a political rival. In
2390:
2367:, the Left SRs eventually decided to participate in the body â to try to control it. Steinberg tried to subordinate it to the revolutionary court, which dealt with the cases related to counterrevolutionary activity. But efforts to control Cheka's activity failed, as Lenin gave the organization the power to inform the Commissioners of its actions once already carried out, without the need for prior permission. In practice, the Cheka was subordinate only to the Sovnarkom, where the Bolshevik majority could approve its actions without the Left SRs being able to impede it.
3477:, etc., which, in their opinion, would be especially relevant for multinational Ukraine. Each person received the right to freely "enroll" in any community of their choice â ethnicity was considered by the Left Socialist Revolutionaries to be a matter of free self-determination of a person, the result of his personal choice, and not a question of blood. The ethnic councils of workers, forming, as it were, the third chamber of power of councils, were to deal with the development of culture, schools, institutions, educational systems in local languages, etc.
2160:
moderate
Bolsheviks and the Menshevik left, had played a crucial role in the negotiations thanks to their prominent presence in the Vikzhel that had imposed them. Their initial refusal to join the Government with the Bolsheviks was due to their desire to assume the role of mediator between the Bolsheviks and the socialists opposed to the October Revolution. After the failure of the coalition negotiations and the approval of the censorship of press in the CEC, the socialist revolutionaries resigned from the CMR, although they remained there.
3371:
2648:, after short but hard fighting, the local headquarters of the Socialist Revolutionaries were seized; Those arrested were gradually released, after no connection to the events in Moscow was found, despite the initial fear of the Bolsheviks. At the nearby Kronstadt naval base, where the influence of the Left SRs was great, the Bolsheviks took political control by force, creating a "revolutionary committee" that separated the Soviet and in practice excluded the Socialist Revolutionaries from the next elections.
2566:
maintaining peace with them was revealed. Spiridonova raised the provocation of the imperialist invasion to cause uprisings like those taking place in
Ukraine, a position that was rejected by other delegates, who were not convinced of the disposition of the population to rise up against the occupiers. Opposition to maintaining the treaty, however, was in a majority among the delegates and the central committee weighed in on carrying out terrorist actions against the German representatives.
1763:
2381:, obtained great power in the Cheka, imposing unanimous votes in the troikas' that judged the most serious cases of counterrevolutionary activity, which in practice gave the veto over the death sentences. Until the loss of control of the body during the July revolt, the Left SRs avoided the execution of political prisoners. Even after his brethren joined the organization, Steinberg continued to try to subordinate the CheKa to his Commissariat, and reported their abuses.
3395:
2119:
2256:, the alliance between Bolsheviks and left socialist revolutionaries "was to prove a shortlived and uneasy coalition, but it pacified Vikzhel, gave the Bolsheviks the appearance of peasant support, and no doubt also served to allay dormant apprehensions among the recent dissidents within the bolshevik party". The alliance lasted until mid-March 1918, when the left socialist revolutionaries withdrew from the government in protest at the signing of the
2426:. The Socialist Revolutionaries rejected the treaty, but their departure from the government did not mean a complete break with the Bolsheviks as both parties continued to collaborate in other councils and in the Commissariats. The socialist revolutionary leadership was actually very divided: almost half of the central committee was inclined to sign the peace treaty. The Left SR's opposition to the conditions imposed by the empires made them support
3359:
2509:
1960:, presided over it officially. Numerous left-wing social revolutionaries, in addition to Bolsheviks and other activists without clear affiliation, participated in the committee's activities, from which the former withdrew on several occasions in protest of the actions of the Bolsheviks. Despite opposition from its main leaders, many Left SRs eventually participated in actions against the discredited Provisional Government before the
317:
2430:'s proposal to abandon the war without signing the peace. Determined internationalists, during the talks they had been convinced that the revolution would spread throughout Europe and that workers' representatives of the Empires would take the reins of the peace negotiations. They argued that the signing of the peace was both a betrayal of the international revolution and a surrender to the bourgeoisie, both national and foreign.
2083:
is considered to have been remarkable and deprived the
Socialist Revolutionaries of most of its radical elements and most of its support among the soldiers, while the intelligentsia remained mainly in the old party and the peasantry was divided between the two formations. In geographical terms, the new party formed by those expelled from the Socialist Revolutionary Party gained control of nearly half a dozen provinces, mainly in
2796:
2478:, were much more critical of the Bolsheviks, especially their repressive and illegal measures. Still, prominent leaders defended staying in the government. Those who considered that the withdrawal of the Government had been a mistake and advocated resuming government work, a majority in the central committee, failed to convince the congress delegates, who ratified the actions taken after the approval of the peace treaty.
3383:
1775:
1746:
2184:. However, the alliance of Bolsheviks and left-wing socialist revolutionaries gave them control of the splintered Second Congress of Peasant Soviets. This had been called by mutual agreement between the Bolsheviks and left-wing socialist revolutionaries, to eliminate the Right SR leadership that still dominated the executive committee of the peasant soviets and that rejected the October Revolution.
3454:, united in a common federation. Economic life should be organized by the joint arrangements of these two associations, for which it was necessary to create special economic councils, elected from production and consumer organizations. Political and military power should have been concentrated in the hands of political councils elected by the working people on a territorial basis.
2702:, the poor peasant committees and requisitions in the countryside. In early 1919, some of the leaders were arrested again; in 1920 part of the party was able to re-establish itself until May 1921. Periods of relative tolerance alternated with more habitual periods of persecution by the Cheka and clandestine activity. Their relative influence among the workers and peasants in
2562:(VTsIK) to undermine their chances of getting delegates. Despite pre-congress estimates that the left socialist revolutionaries would eventually have nearly as many delegates as the Bolsheviks, the Bolsheviks sent enough delegates with suspicious credentials to secure a large majority in congress, wiping out the hopes of modifying government policy in congress.
2602:, the murder of Mirbach was a personal initiative of several leaders of the Socialist Revolutionaries, and there was no rebellion, and all further actions of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries were "self-defense". However, it was beneficial for the Bolsheviks to use the assassination of the ambassador as a pretext for defeating the last opposition party.
2236:âafter the forced dissolution of the constituent assemblyâ, whose actions managed to moderate in some cases. The government agreement was reached on 28, the day on which the executive councils of the two council organizations were unified. Three days later, the Agriculture Ministry passed into the hands of the left-wing socialist revolutionary
2598:
destroying the results of Brest-Litovsk. Fearful of the German imperialist reaction, Lenin declared, on the contrary, that the murder was part of an attempt by the Left SRs to destroy the government of the soviets and ordered the crushing of the revolt. According to a letter from a leader of the Left
Socialist Revolutionaries
3549:
The measure, proposed by Lenin at a VTsIK session on April 29, was due to the economic failure of workers' control of factories, which had exacerbated the country's serious economic crisis. Both the leftist communists and the PSRI rejected it, calling it a step backwards in the revolutionary process.
2680:
At the Fourth and Final Party
Congress, held between October 2 and 7, 1918, the Left SRs claimed that the murder of the German ambassador had been a measure favorable to the world revolution, despite the fact that it ended their alliance with the Bolsheviks and led to the repression of the party. The
2082:
Subsequently, the SR Central
Committee began to dissolve local groups that they considered to be rebels, beginning with the largest in the country, that of the capital, with around forty-five thousand members. Although the true extent of the split unleashed by the PSR Central Committee is unknown, it
1874:
Later they became the main current in important rural provinces of the
Russian interior, places where the socialist revolutionaries enjoyed the favor of the population. At the third party congress in May, they were a large and important fraction, although it was not until the crisis of autumn and the
3559:
Established by the last decree on supplying cities, of June 11. The committees, made up of peasants who did not have employees but rather worked their farms without wage labor, should serve to guarantee food collection and facilitate the distribution of manufactured products in rural areas. The Left
2038:
and chairing the
Military Revolutionary Committee. Opposed to the Bolshevik seizure of power up until the last moment, they reluctantly supported it, worried about the possibility of the Provisional Government's return or the unleashing of a counterrevolution. Their votes, together with those of the
2609:
that same afternoon. The central committee had not communicated to the hundreds of delegates its intention to assassinate the German representative and they were arrested unaware of what had happened. The party was immediately denounced as counter-revolutionary and determined to lead the country to
2538:
of the peasant deputies from those of the soldiers and workers, the central committee preferred to press the Bolsheviks demanding the convocation of a new congress of the unified soviets, hoping to subject the government's policy to harsh criticism therein. The leaders of the Left SRs also hoped to
2481:
In May the relationship between Bolsheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries was markedly worsened by the actions of the Bolsheviks in domestic politics, which joined the disagreements on foreign policy. The signing of the peace treaty, rejected by the Left SRs, the campaign to divide the peasantry and
2275:
Partly their low presence on the Socialist Revolutionary lists was due to the youth and lack of experience of many of its future members, which made them seem unsuitable candidates to represent the party. The Left SRs wanted to approve extensive political and social changes in the assembly, but had
2248:
that of Post and Telegraph, Trutovski that of Local Government and Izmailovich that of Housing. The Bolsheviks, however, maintained the most powerful ministries, those that controlled the armed forces, finances, and politics Despite having seven commissioners and vice-commissioners compared to the
1905:
The leftists declared themselves the only representatives of the party program, and proclaimed the socialist character of the revolution, demanded the end of collaboration with the bourgeoisie and the immediate socialization of land, first with their surrender to the land committees and then to the
2461:
and advocated a government controlled by both the working classes and the intellectuals. Their law of socialization of the land had won them a great amount of support with the peasantry and they also had support among the workers of the cities. After their withdrawal from the Government, guerrilla
2159:
had initially been unanimously approved. The Bolshevik radicals â led by Lenin and Trotsky â and the conservative faction of the Socialist Revolutionaries had been opposed to an agreement between the new government and the socialist opposition. The Left Socialist Revolutionaries, together with the
2138:
At first the Left SRs defended the creation of a new exclusively socialist government that included all currents and parties, including the Right SRs. However, the refusal of the Right SRs to participate and the pressure of its most extreme supporters made the party abandon this cause and agree to
1981:
2655:
had a ceremonial character, all opposition to the Bolsheviks having been excluded from them. During the month of July, the Bolsheviks forcibly dissolved the soviets in which the Left SRs had a majority, while expelling the Socialist Revolutionaries where they were a minority and did not agree to
2565:
In this environment, the Third Party Congress took place, between June 28 and July 1, a congress that showed greater unity in the party and a certain euphoria for its growth â the number of affiliates had tripled in just three months - and in which greater hostility to the Central Empires and to
2134:
The new party held its first congress in early December and elected a central committee of fifteen members and five deputies. The conference was attended by one hundred and sixteen delegates from ninety-nine local organizations that had abandoned Socialist Revolutionary Party. The leadership was
2660:
in the country, since after July 1918 the representation of other parties in the soviets became insignificant. The attempts of the weakened party in maintaining their opposition to the government was futile and many of its members ended up joining Lenin's party. Already in August, splits in the
2029:
that emerged from the congress. Remaining outside the new government they were convinced that they could favor the creation of a coalition between socialists. During the rebellion, the Left SRs had maintained a position equal to that of the Bolsheviks, participating in agitation in favor of the
2597:
in search of the assassins, was arrested by the Left SR central committee, gathered there, when he believed that the socialist revolutionaries were not involved. The intention of the party was not, however, to seize power and overthrow the Bolsheviks, but to force a confrontation with Germany,
2610:
war with Germany, and the population was called to arms against him. Attempts to take the centers into the hands of the Left SRs in Moscow, however, could not begin firmly on that night due to a lack of troops, and finally began at noon the following day, with the use of artillery against the
1902:, elected on 23 August, had a majority of Left SRs. During the congresses of the regional, national and provincial soviets held between August and November, it was the effective division of the Right SRs and the strength of those on the left that often allowed the approval of leftist motions.
2706:
in 1919 did not endanger the government, so they were allowed to continue their activity. In October 1919 and again in May 1920 (after another brief legalization), the Left SRs ended their confrontations with the Government in order to focus on opposing the counterrevolutionary threat of the
2623:
The murder triggered the immediate and harsh repression of the political formation; several hundred of its members were arrested and some executed, although many of its leaders managed to escape. Spiridonova, detained when she went to the Bolshoi to explain the actions decided by the central
2292:
and limited its activity to establishing the bases for a socialist transformation, the Bolshevik and Left SR deputies left the session. Despite the last-minute doubts of the Left SR commissioners, the Assembly was dissolved the next day (19). Both the party's bases and its delegates to the
2174:
For its part, continuing the talks to join the new government, the Left SRs demanded the union of the executive committee of the Soviets of Workers and Soldiers with that of the Soviets of Peasants, of which it hoped to gain control in the imminent second congress, in addition to limit the
3529:
Germany occupied Ukraine, the traditional source of cereal for the rest of the country, which made the food crisis in the cities catastrophic. The Government reacted by approving three decrees to ensure the supply by force. Lenin abandoned state capitalism recently adopted and imposed the
2417:. At a meeting of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on February 23, the Left Socialist Revolutionaries criticized the Bolsheviks for their repressions on trade union freedoms and voted against the signing of the treaty. None of the ninety-three party representatives in the
2179:
to executive functions and leave the legislative to a new unified Executive Committee. Lenin, in need of the support of the peasantry, agreed to these conditions. The result, however, was not as satisfactory as the Left SRs announced, since the government was controlled by the
2139:
negotiate with the Bolsheviks its entry into the revolutionary government, even if the rest of the socialist formations did not enter it. For the Bolsheviks, the coalition with the left social revolutionaries represented a way of obtaining some peasant support.
2462:
actions in the Baltic and Ukraine against the occupying troops of the Central Empires intensified, while devising terrorist attacks against senior German officials. The party helped to organize a popular, mainly peasant, uprising against the invading empires.
2316:" soviets that the Bolsheviks, weak in the countryside, could not play. Also, the party supervised the agrarian reform approved by the Government at the end of 1917 and maintained control of both the Commissary of Agriculture and the peasant section of the
1945:, the leftist current took control of the socialist-revolutionary organization in the capital, traditionally more radical than that of other localities. Their growth within the SRs led them to hope that it would come under their control, delaying a split.
2614:
headquarters. The bombardment caused the Socialist Revolutionary troops and the Central Committee to leave the building, where Dzerzhinski was abandoned. The main nucleus of the pro-Bolshevik troops were the Latvian units stationed in the capital.
2693:
and other minor actions, disrupted by the authorities. The current favorable to Spiridonova advocated a peasant uprising against the Bolsheviks, the abolition of the Sovnarkom and the transfer of government power to a democratically elected
2333:, despite the Bolshevik opposition. The new "Fundamental Law of Land Socialization" âwhich abolished private land ownership, handed it over to those who worked it and favored cooperativesâ, enacted on 9, it was also populist-inspired (see
53:
2324:-, also in charge of agrarian issues. The legal reforms that supported the changes in the countryside increased support for the Soviet regime in Russian agriculture and during their months in government the Left SRs managed to unite their
2301:
2294:
2328:
program with the peasant desires for land. These measures concentrated the efforts of the party once disputes by the Constituent Assembly, dissolved by the Government, had ended. The populists also supported the resurgence of
2202:
in late 1917 when, after Lenin's ultimatum to moderate Bolshevik leaders to abandon their attempts to achieve a coalition government with the rest of the more moderate socialist parties, those left the Government (among them,
2656:
reject the actions of their central committee. The party joined the other socialist collectives persecuted by the government; for many historians, it is July 1918 that is considered the milestone of the final formation of a
2421:
voted in favor of the treaty, albeit in some cases, such as that of Spiridonova, only for party discipline. This disagreement led to the resignation of the Socialist Revolutionary Commissioners on March 19, 1918, during the
2433:
During the Fourth Congress of Soviets, the representatives of the Left SRs opposed, in vain, the ratification of the peace treaty. It was defended by the Bolshevik majority but rejected by a minority, who received the name
8455:
2684:
Some members of the central committee were tried and sentenced to imprisonment on November 27; some of them, like Spiridonova, received a pardon a few days later. The most radical current of the party, around Kamkov and
2456:
In the spring the Left SR's influence grew, as support for the Bolsheviks fell. Between April and June, the party grew from some sixty thousand members to one hundred thousand. The socialist revolutionaries rejected the
2547:. The schism in the Bolshevik leadership, however, had settled by the end of the month and the Left SRs could not count on the support of the former dissidents in their confrontation with the government in Congress.
2440:. After the ratification of the treaty, the representatives of the left-communists â who had abstained in the final vote â and the Socialist Revolutionaries â who had voted against ratification â resigned from the
2358:
of Justice, was in favor of applying harsh measures against the opposition, but always legally; Lenin, on the contrary, was willing to use state terror to consolidate the revolution. Contrary to the activity of the
2573:
on July 4. The Left SRs, being in the minority (about 353 (30%) deputies, to the Bolsheviks' 773 (66%) deputies), still openly opposed their former Bolshevik allies, for which they were expelled from the congress.
2374:, the Bolshevik Party finally agreed to admit the left socialist revolutionaries into the Cheka. Four of them joined the body's advisory board, a number that grew over time to almost equal that of the Bolsheviks.
9288:
1992:
1961:
9462:
1832:
2287:
by 244 votes to 153. Following the Assembly's rejection of the government motion (the "Declaration of the Rights of Working and Exploited Peoples"), that included the legislation approved until then by the
2473:
did not, however, entail a total break with the Bolsheviks. The Left SRs continued to participate in numerous government agencies, including the Cheka. Other participants, like former Justice Commissioner
8502:
3446:. In their opinion, industrial enterprises should be transferred to the self-government of labor collectives, united in a common federation of manufacturers. Consumption had to be organized through a
2711:. With the subsequent red victory, the socialist revolutionaries resumed their opposition activities in the late 1920s. The remains of the party were removed by the arrests carried out during the
2091:, parts of the capital and other isolated rural areas in the country. Their first conference as a separate group, held in November 1917, brought together representatives of ninety-nine groups.
4268:
Left socialist revolutionaries after the October Revolution broke with the right majority of their party. In late November â early December 1917 they became part of the Soviet government.
1875:
October Revolution when its support extended to the entire country. During the summer of 1917, it was gaining strength among soldier committees, both inside the country and in the front.
9120:
2155:). The idea of a broad socialist coalition government had received widespread support, including among the Bolsheviks, during the Soviet Congress, in which a motion to this effect by
526:
2586:
9193:
2297:, generally approved the action. For the Left SRs, the Assembly had lost its original function because the measures expected of it had already been enacted by the Sovnarkom.
9065:
2187:
During their conversations with the Bolsheviks that ended their entry into the Government, they demanded control of the Ministry of Justice because of their opposition to
2039:
Bolsheviks, had been crucial in approving the overthrow of the Provisional Government and the seizure of power in Congress The Left Socialist Revolutionaries entered the
8967:
2240:
and Left SR deputy commissioners were appointed in other government posts. Finally and after new and hard negotiations, the Left SRs obtained the Justice Ministry for
3461:) believed that along with economic and political councils, councils on ethnic issues should be elected by representatives of various ethnic communities of workers â
2195:. The objective of the Left SRs in partnering with the Bolsheviks was to moderate their actions, as well as participate in the revolutionary process that was coming.
2469:
described the rapprochement between the party and the Bolsheviks in some respects until the departure for peace with the Central Empires. Their withdrawal from the
9094:
2755:, advocated public criticism of the Bolsheviks and the struggle against them only by peaceful means. In the years 1922â1923, the legalist movement united with the
2354:
Along with differences over land ownership, the main dissent between the two allied parties was due to the use of terror as a political instrument. Steinberg, as
9472:
3425:
2071:, in which they played a leading role in the street-fighting. Many representatives of the Left Socialist Revolutionary Party participated in the creation of the
9243:
3438:
After the Fourth Party Congress (SeptemberâOctober 1918), the political and economic program of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries moved to positions close to
2605:
Immediately, military measures began to destroy the centers held by the Socialist Revolutionaries, whose delegates to the Fifth Congress were arrested at the
277:. However, they were unable to reorganize the party, which gradually splintered into multiple pro-Bolshevik parties – all of which would merge with the
9467:
8403:
2401:. The Left SRs opposed the conditions imposed by the imperialist powers, rejecting the peace treaty and withdrawing from the coalition government with the
2060:
217:. Those that continued to support the Provisional Government became known as the Right SRs while those who aligned with the Bolsheviks became known as the
9060:
8445:
2736:
2064:
9055:
8184:
2010:
from power without causing a civil war. Despite its presence in the Military Revolutionary Committee, the Left SRs opposed an armed insurrection.
9089:
8960:
2756:
9457:
1574:
17:
7844:
Sobolev P. N. On the question of the emergence of a one-party system in the USSR // Questions of the history of the CPSU. 1968. No. 8. Pg. 30.
3458:
1852:
3534:" by which he tried to get the poor peasants to help collect food for the cities, supposedly monopolized by the more affluent peasants, the
2040:
9447:
9183:
9132:
8398:
8370:
8226:
4332:"The cause of the people", N 191, November 10, 1917 Cit. by: V.I. Lenin. Compositions. Third stereotyped edition. T. XXII. M., 1929. S. 577
9442:
9293:
3418:
3254:
2025:, although they did accept twenty-nine seats (compared to the sixty-seven of the Bolsheviks and twenty of other minor groups) in the new
1805:
9238:
8953:
8475:
3486:
2589:, on the orders of the Left SR Central Committee. Initially the Bolsheviks reacted in disbelief, doubting the authorship of the crime.
1949:
3237:
7969:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
7931:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
7491:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
7323:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
7241:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
7111:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
7012:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
6954:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
6783:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
6585:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
6351:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
6181:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
6143:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
6068:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
6007:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
5969:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
5911:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
5536:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
5037:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
4937:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
4591:
Cinnella, Ettore (1997). "The Tragedy of the Russian Revolution Promise and Default of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in 1918".
2494:", generally maintained peasant support, even after the July crisis, where they concentrated on opposing the Brest-Litovsk peace.
1952:, formed with the aim of accelerating the revolution and at the same time moderating actions of the Bolsheviks; One of its members,
1930:
in the party wanted the extension of the revolution to other countries. They also advocated the transfer of government power to the
9338:
8099:
8038:
8008:
7671:
7562:
7362:
6270:
5885:
5832:
5703:
5602:
5507:
5160:
4976:
4733:
4537:
4487:
4380:
4284:
4114:
3971:
3735:
1906:
peasants themselves. They were also opposed to the continuation of the war, even if it involved signing a separate peace with the
8487:
8430:
2423:
2181:
2026:
472:
2731:. They survived residually until 1923â1924. The Left Socialist Revolutionaries divided into a number of factions. The Left SR "
2570:
273:, though the majority that opposed the uprising were steadily released and allowed to retain their positions in the Soviets and
9427:
9050:
8542:
8333:
3411:
2448:
and announced the termination of their agreement with the Bolsheviks. The governing coalition had lasted just over two months.
683:
9298:
9137:
8109:
8048:
8018:
7910:
7883:
7820:
7793:
7766:
7736:
7681:
7649:
7606:
7572:
7542:
7470:
7372:
7157:
7067:
6534:
6481:
6454:
6404:
6280:
5895:
5842:
5713:
5612:
5585:
5517:
5322:
5225:
5170:
5143:
4986:
4912:
4793:
4743:
4547:
4497:
4390:
4360:
4294:
4183:
4124:
4063:
3981:
3901:
3874:
3836:
3802:
3745:
3690:
3630:
2651:
The expulsion of the Left SRs from the Central Executive Committee meant that the few sessions of the body that followed the
522:
31:
9406:
9396:
9283:
9010:
2109:
Immediate resolution of the land issue in accordance with the program of the party and giving of the land to the peasantry.
2076:
9437:
9432:
9253:
9115:
9005:
8524:
278:
143:
9318:
9173:
8894:
2873:
2067:
received the post of People's Commissar without a briefcase. The left SRs also collaborated with the Bolsheviks during
253:
with the Bolsheviks from November 1917 to March 1918, but resigned its position in government after the signing of the
2312:
In the field, the Left SRs played a crucial role in extending the authority of the new Soviet Government through the "
1964:, in which they called for the transfer of government power to the Soviets. The moderate Bolshevik current, headed by
9477:
9328:
9273:
3718:
2445:
2199:
2176:
616:
9343:
9035:
8465:
8219:
2835:
2666:
2534:
Although some sectors of the party reacted to the repression in the countryside by demanding the separation of the
2528:
2147:
While the Socialist Revolutionary Party expelled the leftists, its various currents had participated in the failed
2018:
1710:
1567:
7278:"The Assassination of Count Mirbach and the "July Uprising" of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in Moscow, 1918"
2130:. The reforms they led during the first months of 1918 gave the government significant support in the countryside.
213:, who favoured the overthrow of the Provisional Government and the placing of political power in the hands of the
9373:
9313:
9188:
9099:
9000:
8532:
8360:
8157:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
8130:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
8071:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
7188:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
6901:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
6844:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
6656:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
5781:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
5258:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
4012:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
3917:
Kowalski, R. (1998). "'Fellow travelers' or revolutionary dreamers? The left social revolutionaries after 1917".
2652:
2458:
1798:
1754:
214:
3600:
The Assassination of Count Mirbach and the "July Uprising" of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries in Moscow, 1918
2337:). Lenin accepted it as inevitable. Between the approval in the Congress of Soviets and the ratification by the
9353:
9218:
9015:
8914:
8811:
8611:
8512:
8435:
2779:
2716:
2031:
1956:, who had played a leading role in the measures against Kornilov and presided over the military section of the
1935:
202:
1851:â which had been defended by the centrist fraction of the party since mid-April. They were also strong in the
9072:
8750:
8559:
8306:
8280:
4257:"5. The Left SR revolt. Muravyova Treason. The collapse of the anti-Soviet underground in the USSR. Volume 1"
2830:
2748:
2524:
2127:
2068:
2014:
1824:
1720:
643:
589:
564:
432:
407:
198:
100:
2795:
2527:. In 1917 he became the noble inspirer of the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries, but in 1918 he joined the new
2151:
to form a socialist coalition government, imposed by the executive committee of the main railway union (the
9358:
9030:
8889:
8470:
8365:
8350:
7853:
Stishov M. I. The collapse of the petty-bourgeois parties in Soviet Russia // History. 1968. No. 2. Pg. 74.
7621:
A. Rabinovich. Self-immolation of the Left Socialist Revolutionaries // Russia XXI, 1998. No. 1-2. Pg. 142.
3242:
2767:
in the late 1930s (Algasov, Kamkov and Karelin were shot in 1938, while Spiridonova was executed in 1941).
2662:
2555:
2371:
2269:
1677:
1647:
1622:
703:
507:
364:
285:
107:
7434:
1524:
9208:
9198:
9084:
9040:
8976:
8355:
8212:
5681:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
5653:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
5416:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
5287:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
5013:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4880:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4761:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4704:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4678:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4570:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4462:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4312:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4235:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
4081:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
3763:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
3651:
The sickle under the hammer; The Russian Socialist Revolutionaries in the early months of the Soviet rule
3130:
2908:
2491:
1927:
926:
606:
536:
452:
422:
2163:
569:
9303:
9213:
9168:
8995:
8934:
8909:
8576:
8507:
8101:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
8040:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
8010:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
7673:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
7564:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
7364:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
6272:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
5887:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
5834:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
5705:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
5604:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
5509:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
5162:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
4978:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
4735:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
4539:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
4489:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
4382:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
4286:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
4116:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
3973:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
3737:
The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State, First Phase, 1917-1922
3259:
3174:
2689:, formed a clandestine terrorist group that carried out the murder of the German Commander in Ukraine,
1791:
1579:
1464:
1006:
2122:
Russian peasants. The Left SRs presented itself as their main representative and sole defender of the
9363:
9263:
9127:
8904:
3443:
2840:
2520:
2249:
eleven Bolsheviks, the distribution of power in the government was very unfavorable to the Left SRs.
1672:
1344:
487:
467:
7862:
Leonov F. D. The history of the formation of a one-party system in Soviet society. L., 1971. Pg. 22.
9368:
9268:
9248:
9158:
8919:
8899:
8321:
8311:
6876:
6625:
6558:
5080:
4631:
4204:
3205:
3195:
1554:
611:
502:
7835:
Malashko A. M. On the issue of the design of a one-party system in the USSR. Minsk, 1969. Pg. 182.
2763:. The leaders who survived this stage, either in prison or in internal exile, fell victims to the
9278:
9223:
9163:
8316:
3118:
2888:
2544:
2414:
2398:
2003:
1779:
1730:
1612:
838:
828:
668:
623:
254:
235:
184:
173:
288:
due to outdated voter rolls which did not acknowledge the split between the Right and Left SRs.
8929:
8385:
3447:
3159:
3111:
3056:
3016:
2868:
1972:, counted on the collaboration of the Left SRs to form a majority in the constituent assembly.
1831:, grouping the most radical elements of the party. The internal faction was highlighted in the
1617:
961:
723:
559:
457:
447:
2263:
2106:
Cessation of cooperation with the provisional government of the Socialist Revolutionary Party.
1484:
9323:
9258:
8924:
8601:
8408:
8345:
5135:
4352:
4175:
4055:
3866:
3828:
3794:
3682:
3451:
3375:
2956:
2931:
2825:
2810:
2787:
2516:
2355:
1474:
1236:
1011:
991:
956:
868:
798:
773:
2550:
Seeking to secure a majority in the congress, on June 14 Lenin ordered the expulsion of the
2148:
9178:
7699:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
7413:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
7085:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
6739:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
6690:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
6502:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
5757:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
5630:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
5439:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
5340:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
5188:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
5107:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
4834:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
4655:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
4515:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
4436:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
4408:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
4142:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
3946:
The Bolsheviks and the Left SRS, October 1917-July 1918: toward a single-party dictatorship
3331:
3269:
3011:
2883:
2690:
2389:
2257:
1544:
1444:
1379:
916:
843:
698:
442:
392:
349:
332:
327:
250:
8:
9203:
9025:
8821:
8571:
8497:
8390:
8260:
3135:
3106:
2898:
2845:
2712:
2578:
2103:
Condemnation of the war as an imperialist venture and immediately exit from the same war.
2035:
1923:
1828:
1725:
1692:
1652:
1637:
921:
833:
823:
793:
688:
574:
541:
387:
369:
359:
316:
258:
206:
148:
2170:, surrounded by delegates of the Second Congress of Peasant Soviets, at the end of 1917.
1499:
9452:
9401:
9348:
8839:
8763:
8275:
8235:
7986:
7948:
7508:
7340:
7300:
7258:
7128:
7029:
6971:
6800:
6602:
6368:
6198:
6160:
6085:
6024:
5986:
5928:
5553:
5054:
4954:
4608:
3603:
3491:
3274:
2903:
2878:
2409:
The main disagreement with the Bolsheviks arose during the peace negotiations with the
2232:
Eight members of the Left SRs eventually entered the Sovnarkom. Others also joined the
2007:
1715:
1657:
1489:
1414:
1186:
1166:
1151:
1001:
906:
763:
743:
728:
678:
658:
636:
477:
412:
300:
246:
191:
138:
123:
112:
3036:
2971:
2013:
During the Congress, in the midst of October Revolution, the Central Committee of the
1276:
9333:
8987:
8806:
8735:
8652:
8629:
8328:
8301:
8239:
8105:
8044:
8014:
7906:
7879:
7816:
7789:
7762:
7732:
7702:
7677:
7645:
7602:
7568:
7538:
7466:
7416:
7393:
7368:
7220:
7153:
7088:
7063:
6994:
6933:
6880:
6826:
6765:
6742:
6716:
6693:
6629:
6562:
6530:
6505:
6477:
6450:
6425:
6400:
6326:
6276:
6242:
6122:
6047:
5951:
5891:
5863:
5838:
5813:
5760:
5734:
5709:
5684:
5656:
5633:
5608:
5581:
5513:
5488:
5465:
5442:
5419:
5389:
5366:
5343:
5318:
5290:
5221:
5191:
5166:
5139:
5110:
5084:
5016:
4982:
4908:
4883:
4860:
4837:
4814:
4789:
4764:
4739:
4707:
4681:
4658:
4635:
4573:
4543:
4518:
4493:
4465:
4439:
4411:
4386:
4356:
4315:
4290:
4238:
4208:
4179:
4145:
4120:
4084:
4059:
3977:
3949:
3897:
3870:
3832:
3798:
3766:
3741:
3714:
3686:
3654:
3626:
3560:
SRs were opposed to their reliance on peasant soviets, which they seemed to replace.
3495:
3286:
3210:
3169:
3051:
2941:
2747:, took part in armed demonstrations against the leadership of the Soviet Union. The "
2740:
2720:
2686:
2599:
2590:
2378:
2321:
2280:
2167:
1984:
1891:
1607:
1519:
1424:
1286:
1216:
1121:
1106:
873:
813:
768:
753:
713:
648:
427:
417:
354:
74:
8945:
2715:, that the party had supported. A number of Left Socialist Revolutionaries, such as
9045:
8834:
8730:
8700:
8667:
8450:
8380:
8375:
8204:
8166:
8139:
8080:
7978:
7940:
7500:
7332:
7292:
7250:
7197:
7120:
7021:
6963:
6910:
6853:
6792:
6665:
6594:
6360:
6190:
6152:
6077:
6016:
5978:
5920:
5790:
5545:
5267:
5046:
4946:
4600:
4021:
3926:
3505:
3500:
3387:
3363:
3321:
3123:
3101:
3066:
3046:
2981:
2893:
2820:
2728:
2674:
2535:
2503:
2253:
2237:
2208:
2048:
2044:
2006:
would form a new socialist government that included multiple parties and separated
1999:
1969:
1957:
1931:
1844:
1767:
1750:
1469:
1449:
1369:
1364:
1306:
1266:
1256:
1221:
1141:
1116:
1086:
1071:
1066:
1041:
986:
971:
878:
853:
783:
738:
708:
596:
584:
512:
497:
437:
402:
266:
226:
164:
2991:
1549:
1211:
941:
9391:
9378:
8869:
8720:
8270:
7900:
7873:
7810:
7783:
7756:
7726:
7639:
7596:
7532:
7460:
7277:
7147:
7057:
6524:
6471:
6444:
6394:
6102:
5575:
5312:
5215:
5129:
4902:
4783:
4346:
4169:
4049:
3891:
3860:
3822:
3788:
3706:
3676:
3399:
3200:
3179:
3026:
2996:
2986:
2946:
2936:
2863:
2752:
2657:
2606:
2475:
2436:
2241:
2192:
2052:
1942:
1911:
1687:
1682:
1627:
1434:
1394:
1226:
1196:
1181:
1131:
1101:
1036:
976:
936:
858:
848:
748:
492:
482:
269:
against the Bolsheviks shortly after. Most members of the Left SRs were promptly
187:
2244:(25). For his part, Karelin obtained the Deputy Commissariat of State Property,
257:. The Central Committee of the Left SRs ultimately ordered the assassination of
9233:
8849:
8773:
8768:
8758:
8725:
8710:
8690:
8639:
8624:
8593:
8440:
6296:
3316:
3247:
3021:
2926:
2815:
2540:
2466:
2410:
2394:
2334:
2284:
2245:
2056:
1919:
1907:
1895:
1642:
1534:
1504:
1494:
1419:
1389:
1384:
1374:
1261:
1241:
1201:
1171:
1111:
1051:
1026:
966:
653:
462:
8170:
8143:
8084:
7201:
6914:
6857:
6669:
5794:
5271:
4025:
3930:
1539:
9421:
8859:
8829:
8801:
8791:
8715:
8672:
8662:
8657:
8647:
8285:
7390:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
7217:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6991:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6930:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6884:
6823:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6762:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6713:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6633:
6566:
6422:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6323:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6239:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6119:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
6044:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5948:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5860:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5810:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5731:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5485:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5462:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5386:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5363:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
5088:
4857:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
4811:
Maria Spiridonova, 1884-1918: Feminine Martyrdom and Revolutionary Mythmaking
4639:
4212:
3531:
3336:
3164:
3061:
3031:
3006:
3001:
2966:
2670:
2582:
2512:
2307:
2212:
2156:
1953:
1879:
1667:
1662:
1529:
1479:
1459:
1454:
1429:
1404:
1301:
1206:
1126:
1046:
1021:
946:
883:
718:
517:
70:
7706:
7420:
7397:
7224:
7092:
6998:
6937:
6830:
6769:
6746:
6720:
6697:
6509:
6429:
6330:
6246:
6126:
6051:
5955:
5867:
5817:
5764:
5738:
5637:
5492:
5469:
5446:
5393:
5370:
5347:
5195:
5114:
4864:
4841:
4818:
4662:
4522:
4443:
4415:
4149:
3953:
3071:
2508:
2482:
loot from the countryside to supply the cities, the final takeover of the
951:
9228:
8854:
8796:
8740:
8705:
8503:
Group of forces in battle with the counterrevolution in the South of Russia
8492:
8482:
3510:
3215:
3041:
2976:
2961:
2951:
2744:
2724:
2708:
2677:), continued to support the Lenin government and joined his party in 1920.
2264:
Attitude towards the Constituent Assembly and the Third Congress of Soviets
2216:
1883:
1409:
1359:
1354:
1339:
1296:
1281:
1251:
1176:
1161:
1136:
1096:
1056:
1031:
996:
911:
66:
61:
7982:
7944:
7504:
7336:
7254:
7124:
7025:
6967:
6796:
6598:
6364:
6194:
6156:
6081:
6020:
5982:
5924:
5688:
5660:
5549:
5423:
5294:
5050:
5020:
4950:
4887:
4768:
4711:
4685:
4604:
4577:
4469:
4319:
4242:
4088:
3770:
3658:
2191:, with the intention of stopping it, and they obtained this portfolio for
1399:
9308:
9153:
8864:
8844:
8695:
8619:
3343:
2764:
2204:
1993:
Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
1965:
1962:
Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
1915:
1848:
1632:
1514:
1349:
1311:
1291:
1231:
1191:
1156:
1091:
1081:
1061:
1016:
931:
901:
863:
758:
601:
531:
397:
274:
262:
7990:
7952:
7512:
7344:
7262:
7132:
7033:
6975:
6804:
6606:
6372:
6202:
6164:
6089:
6028:
5990:
5932:
5557:
5058:
4958:
4612:
4256:
3607:
3394:
2118:
1882:, at the head of the faction was a series of young leaders, from exile (
1843:. The left-wing socialist revolutionaries were especially strong in the
1833:
First All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
8682:
8552:
8547:
8340:
6873:
The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia
6622:
The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia
6555:
The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia
5077:
The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia
4628:
The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia
4201:
The Conscience of the Revolution: Communist Opposition in Soviet Russia
3466:
3154:
2487:
2402:
2188:
1910:. In industrial policy, they advocated the granting of various rights (
1840:
1836:
1602:
1509:
1246:
1076:
778:
733:
210:
9289:
People's Freedom Party "For Russia without Lawlessness and Corruption"
7304:
9463:
Political parties in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
9020:
8265:
3439:
3326:
3311:
3091:
2760:
2732:
2645:
2551:
2497:
2470:
2441:
2364:
2330:
2289:
2022:
1860:
1597:
1439:
1271:
981:
818:
803:
693:
673:
663:
308:
116:
5131:
The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars
4348:
The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars
4171:
The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars
4051:
The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars
3862:
The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars
3824:
The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars
3790:
The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars
3678:
The Bolsheviks in Russian Society: The Revolution and the Civil Wars
1991:
The final Left SR split was due to the party's attitude towards the
1980:
1926:
of factories and played a prelevant role in the factory committees.
8460:
7902:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7875:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7812:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7785:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7758:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7728:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7641:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7598:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7534:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7462:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7296:
7149:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
7059:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
6526:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
6473:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
6446:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
6396:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
5577:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
5314:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
5217:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
4904:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
4785:
The bolsheviks in power. The first year of Soviet rule in Petrograd
3470:
3264:
2515:, a respected old revolutionary leader, one of the founders of the
2486:
by the Bolsheviks with the expulsion of Social Revolutionaries and
2325:
2283:, also supported by the Bolsheviks, was defeated by the SR leader,
2123:
2072:
1948:
In October 1917, the Left Socialist Revolutionaries joined the new
1864:
128:
2465:
At the Second Party Congress, held from April 17 to 25 in Moscow,
3144:
2703:
2625:
2483:
2427:
2152:
2084:
1899:
1887:
1868:
1329:
808:
788:
3711:
The Third Revolution: Popular Movements in the Revolutionary Era
2377:
The socialist revolutionary Peter Aleksandrovich, lieutenant of
180:
Partiya levykh sotsialistov-revolyutsionerov-internatsionalistov
3474:
2759:
groups and the Socialist-Revolutionary "People's" group in the
2313:
1975:
1334:
270:
3382:
2719:, played a significant political and military role during the
1774:
1745:
8537:
3713:. Vol. 3. London: Continuum International. p. 297.
3536:
3291:
3279:
2699:
2695:
2611:
2594:
2559:
2418:
2360:
2338:
2317:
2233:
2088:
1856:
1146:
3462:
2363:, founded five days before the entry of Steinberg into the
2198:
The Left SRs formed a coalition with the Bolsheviks in the
579:
9194:
Constitutional Democratic Party â Party of Popular Freedom
2308:
Agrarian policy and the strengthening of the Soviet regime
169:ĐĐ°ŃŃĐžŃ Đ»Đ”ĐČŃŃ
ŃĐŸŃОалОŃŃĐŸĐČ-ŃĐ”ĐČĐŸĐ»ŃŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ”ŃĐŸĐČ-ĐžĐœŃĐ”ŃĐœĐ°ŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»ĐžŃŃĐŸĐČ
45:ĐĐ°ŃŃĐžŃ Đ»Đ”ĐČŃŃ
ŃĐŸŃОалОŃŃĐŸĐČ-ŃĐ”ĐČĐŸĐ»ŃŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ”ŃĐŸĐČ-ĐžĐœŃĐ”ŃĐœĐ°ŃĐžĐŸĐœĐ°Đ»ĐžŃŃĐŸĐČ
1987:, revolutionary icon and symbol of the new Left SR party.
284:
The Left SRs were overwhelmingly underrepresented in the
161:
Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries-Internationalists
42:
Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries-Internationalists
27:
Revolutionary political party in Russia from 1917 to 1921
6993:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. pp. 461â463.
6825:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. pp. 444â449.
6241:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. pp. 349â360.
4813:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. pp. 301â302.
3893:
Russia in Revolution: An Empire in Crisis, 1890 to 1928
3625:(Reprinted ed.). Penguin books. pp. 111â112.
9407:
Russian political movements and non-registered parties
2624:
committee to her delegates, remained locked up in the
1835:
in mid-May 1917 for its position close to that of the
9095:
Workers' Party for the Political Liberation of Russia
8975:
5128:
Melancon, Michael (1997). Vladimir N. Brovkin (ed.).
4345:
Melancon, Michael (1997). Vladimir N. Brovkin (ed.).
4168:
Melancon, Michael (1997). Vladimir N. Brovkin (ed.).
4048:
Melancon, Michael (1997). Vladimir N. Brovkin (ed.).
3889:
3859:
Melancon, Michael (1997). Vladimir N. Brovkin (ed.).
3821:
Melancon, Michael (1997). Vladimir N. Brovkin (ed.).
3787:
Melancon, Michael (1997). Vladimir N. Brovkin (ed.).
3675:
Melancon, Michael (1997). Vladimir N. Brovkin (ed.).
3457:
The Ukrainian Left Socialist Revolutionaries (led by
2628:
until the end of November. The two party newspapers,
2135:
dominated by the more moderate current of the party.
2043:, leading the people's commissariats of agriculture (
240:
178:
8234:
2661:
formation began to emerge; one of them, that of the
2069:
Kerensky's attempts to regain control of the capital
8185:"Left Socialist Revolutionaries | Encyclopedia.com"
2665:, ended up joining the Bolsheviks in November. The
2268:Despite initially defending the convocation of the
1998:The representatives of the Left SRs hoped that the
7750:
7748:
7720:
7718:
7716:
7633:
7631:
7629:
7627:
7590:
7588:
7586:
7584:
7526:
7524:
7522:
7392:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 468.
7219:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 475.
7051:
7049:
7047:
7045:
7043:
6932:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 441.
6764:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 406.
6715:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 405.
6424:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 401.
6325:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 390.
6121:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 348.
6046:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 337.
5950:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 344.
5862:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 334.
5812:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 333.
5733:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 331.
5487:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 321.
5464:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 320.
5388:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 294.
5365:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 352.
5342:. State University of New Jersey. pp. 53â61.
5109:. State University of New Jersey. pp. 40â42.
4859:(PhD thesis). University of Indiana. p. 319.
3602:. Vol. 50. Russian Review. pp. 324â344.
2498:The Fifth Congress of the Soviets and the uprising
6732:
6730:
6683:
6681:
6679:
6495:
6493:
6388:
6386:
6384:
6382:
5306:
5304:
2729:fighting both the Bolsheviks and the White Guards
2543:, at odds with Lenin for his capitulation to the
2384:
1938:did not apply the reforms they deemed necessary.
9419:
5569:
5567:
5209:
5207:
5205:
2593:himself, sent to the Moscow headquarters of the
2113:
1894:) or agitation activities among the population (
9090:Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries Maximalists
8032:
8030:
8002:
8000:
7892:
7865:
7802:
7775:
7745:
7713:
7665:
7663:
7661:
7624:
7581:
7556:
7554:
7519:
7452:
7415:. State University of New Jersey. p. 187.
7356:
7354:
7139:
7087:. State University of New Jersey. p. 185.
7040:
6741:. State University of New Jersey. p. 178.
6692:. State University of New Jersey. p. 184.
6516:
6504:. State University of New Jersey. p. 150.
6463:
6436:
5750:
5748:
5100:
5098:
4429:
4427:
4425:
1839:, while the bulk of the party aligned with the
9473:Socialist Revolutionary Party breakaway groups
8125:
8123:
8121:
7964:
7962:
7926:
7924:
7922:
7788:. Indiana University Press. pp. 296â297.
7701:. State University of New Jersey. p. 34.
7486:
7484:
7482:
7404:
7318:
7316:
7314:
7236:
7234:
7106:
7104:
7102:
7076:
7062:. Indiana University Press. pp. 286â287.
6949:
6947:
6896:
6894:
6816:
6814:
6727:
6676:
6580:
6578:
6576:
6490:
6379:
6264:
6262:
6260:
6258:
6256:
6232:
5759:. State University of New Jersey. p. 91.
5632:. State University of New Jersey. p. 90.
5441:. State University of New Jersey. p. 73.
5301:
5190:. State University of New Jersey. p. 56.
4970:
4968:
4836:. State University of New Jersey. p. 69.
4657:. State University of New Jersey. p. 30.
4517:. State University of New Jersey. p. 28.
4438:. State University of New Jersey. p. 29.
4410:. State University of New Jersey. p. 27.
4340:
4338:
4163:
4161:
4159:
4144:. State University of New Jersey. p. 24.
4108:
4106:
4104:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4035:
3965:
3963:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3848:
2279:Their candidate to preside over the Assembly,
2126:program against the passivity of the moderate
8961:
8220:
8066:
8064:
8062:
8060:
7690:
7183:
7181:
7179:
7177:
7175:
7173:
7171:
7169:
6651:
6649:
6647:
6645:
6643:
6548:
6546:
6346:
6344:
6342:
6340:
6230:
6228:
6226:
6224:
6222:
6220:
6218:
6216:
6214:
6212:
6176:
6174:
6138:
6136:
6112:
6110:
6063:
6061:
6002:
6000:
5879:
5877:
5776:
5774:
5564:
5531:
5529:
5202:
5032:
5030:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4894:
4775:
4727:
4725:
4723:
4721:
4481:
4479:
4374:
4372:
4278:
4276:
3948:. State University of New Jersey. p. 6.
3816:
3814:
3782:
3780:
3670:
3668:
3419:
2272:, the number of its delegates to it was low.
2227:
2142:
2002:would not take power by itself, but that the
1847:, where they opposed the continuation of the
1799:
9184:Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan
8091:
8027:
7997:
7658:
7551:
7351:
5745:
5674:
5672:
5670:
5621:
5430:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5403:
5331:
5253:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5237:
5179:
5095:
5070:
5068:
5006:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4825:
4697:
4695:
4646:
4563:
4561:
4559:
4506:
4455:
4453:
4422:
4399:
4133:
4007:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3623:The Bolshevik revolution 1917 â 1923. Vol. 1
2344:
1976:Split with the Socialist Revolutionary Party
9468:Political parties of the Russian Revolution
8150:
8118:
7959:
7919:
7898:
7871:
7808:
7781:
7754:
7724:
7637:
7594:
7530:
7479:
7458:
7381:
7311:
7231:
7208:
7145:
7099:
7055:
7005:
6982:
6944:
6921:
6891:
6864:
6837:
6811:
6776:
6753:
6704:
6573:
6522:
6469:
6442:
6413:
6392:
6253:
5573:
5310:
5213:
5121:
4965:
4900:
4781:
4335:
4228:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4156:
4095:
4032:
3960:
3937:
3845:
3644:
3642:
8968:
8954:
8227:
8213:
8057:
7696:
7410:
7166:
7082:
6736:
6687:
6640:
6613:
6543:
6499:
6337:
6314:
6209:
6171:
6133:
6107:
6058:
6035:
5997:
5962:
5939:
5904:
5874:
5851:
5824:
5801:
5771:
5754:
5722:
5695:
5683:. Columbia University Press. p. 362.
5655:. Columbia University Press. p. 288.
5627:
5594:
5526:
5499:
5476:
5453:
5436:
5418:. Columbia University Press. p. 149.
5377:
5354:
5337:
5289:. Columbia University Press. p. 141.
5185:
5152:
5104:
5027:
5015:. Columbia University Press. p. 148.
4921:
4882:. Columbia University Press. p. 147.
4848:
4831:
4802:
4763:. Columbia University Press. p. 135.
4718:
4706:. Columbia University Press. p. 131.
4680:. Columbia University Press. p. 137.
4652:
4584:
4572:. Columbia University Press. p. 143.
4529:
4512:
4476:
4464:. Columbia University Press. p. 104.
4433:
4405:
4369:
4273:
4139:
3943:
3811:
3777:
3765:. Columbia University Press. p. 192.
3665:
3653:. Columbia University Press. p. 152.
3487:Left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks
3426:
3412:
1950:Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee
1806:
1792:
261:in an attempt to cause Russia to re-enter
8104:. Harvard University Press. p. 126.
8043:. Harvard University Press. p. 125.
8013:. Harvard University Press. p. 127.
7905:. Indiana University Press. p. 307.
7878:. Indiana University Press. p. 306.
7815:. Indiana University Press. p. 302.
7761:. Indiana University Press. p. 308.
7731:. Indiana University Press. p. 295.
7676:. Harvard University Press. p. 123.
7644:. Indiana University Press. p. 294.
7601:. Indiana University Press. p. 293.
7567:. Harvard University Press. p. 122.
7537:. Indiana University Press. p. 292.
7465:. Indiana University Press. p. 291.
7367:. Harvard University Press. p. 121.
7152:. Indiana University Press. p. 290.
6529:. Indiana University Press. p. 206.
6476:. Indiana University Press. p. 205.
6449:. Indiana University Press. p. 145.
6399:. Indiana University Press. p. 207.
6275:. Harvard University Press. p. 116.
5667:
5644:
5400:
5317:. Indiana University Press. p. 310.
5278:
5234:
5065:
4995:
4981:. Harvard University Press. p. 114.
4871:
4752:
4692:
4669:
4619:
4556:
4450:
4314:. Columbia University Press. p. 99.
4237:. Columbia University Press. p. 96.
4192:
4119:. Harvard University Press. p. 113.
4083:. Columbia University Press. p. 16.
3990:
3976:. Harvard University Press. p. 112.
3910:
3883:
3740:. Harvard University Press. p. 371.
2618:
2099:The Left SRs made the following demands:
8156:
8129:
8097:
8070:
8036:
8006:
7968:
7930:
7669:
7560:
7490:
7360:
7322:
7240:
7187:
7110:
7011:
6953:
6900:
6843:
6782:
6655:
6584:
6350:
6268:
6180:
6142:
6067:
6006:
5968:
5910:
5890:. Harvard University Press. p. 86.
5883:
5837:. Harvard University Press. p. 85.
5830:
5780:
5708:. Harvard University Press. p. 83.
5701:
5607:. Harvard University Press. p. 81.
5600:
5580:. Indiana University Press. p. 68.
5535:
5512:. Harvard University Press. p. 80.
5505:
5257:
5220:. Indiana University Press. p. 52.
5165:. Harvard University Press. p. 78.
5158:
5127:
5036:
4974:
4936:
4907:. Indiana University Press. p. 17.
4788:. Indiana University Press. p. 51.
4738:. Harvard University Press. p. 79.
4731:
4590:
4542:. Harvard University Press. p. 70.
4535:
4492:. Harvard University Press. p. 69.
4485:
4385:. Harvard University Press. p. 68.
4378:
4344:
4303:
4289:. Harvard University Press. p. 66.
4282:
4219:
4167:
4112:
4072:
4047:
4011:
3969:
3916:
3896:. Oxford University Press. p. 155.
3858:
3820:
3786:
3754:
3733:
3705:
3674:
3639:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3255:Korean People's Association in Manchuria
2507:
2388:
2162:
2117:
1979:
8488:Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine
8431:Provisional Committee of the State Duma
7387:
7214:
6988:
6927:
6870:
6820:
6759:
6710:
6619:
6552:
6419:
6320:
6236:
6116:
6041:
5945:
5857:
5807:
5728:
5482:
5459:
5383:
5360:
5074:
4854:
4808:
4625:
4198:
2560:All-Russian Central Executive Committee
2222:
2182:All-Russian Central Executive Committee
2027:All-Russian Central Executive Committee
14:
9420:
9051:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
8543:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
7275:
5678:
5650:
5413:
5284:
5010:
4877:
4758:
4701:
4675:
4567:
4459:
4309:
4232:
4078:
3760:
3648:
3597:
3238:International Workingmen's Association
201:split between those who supported the
9458:Political parties established in 1917
8949:
8208:
6103:Fundamental Law of Land Socialization
3574:
1575:International socialist organizations
523:To each according to his contribution
32:Left Socialist Party (disambiguation)
9011:Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion)
8371:ArmenianâAzerbaijani war (1918â1920)
4259:(in Russian). history.wikireading.ru
3620:
2077:All-Russian Extraordinary Commission
279:Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
9448:Defunct socialist parties in Russia
9254:National Republican Party of Russia
9239:Mari National Rebirth Party "Ushem"
8334:Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic
2569:In this tense atmosphere began the
24:
9443:Defunct agrarian political parties
9319:Russian Democratic Reform Movement
9138:Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
8456:Council of the People's Commissars
2757:Socialist-Revolutionary-Maximalist
2642:The Voice of the Working Peasantry
30:For similarly titled parties, see
25:
9489:
9339:Social Democratic Party of Russia
9329:Russian Party of Social Democracy
9284:Party of Workers' Self-Government
9274:Party of Russian Unity and Accord
8977:Defunct Russian political parties
2577:On July 6, the German Ambassador
2017:ordered its members to leave the
9036:Party of Revolutionary Communism
8466:Military Revolutionary Committee
8177:
7856:
7847:
7838:
7829:
7615:
7427:
7269:
6871:Daniels, Robert Vincent (1960).
6620:Daniels, Robert Vincent (1960).
6553:Daniels, Robert Vincent (1960).
6297:"Left Socialist Revolutionaries"
5075:Daniels, Robert Vincent (1960).
4626:Daniels, Robert Vincent (1960).
4199:Daniels, Robert Vincent (1960).
3553:
3543:
3523:
3393:
3381:
3369:
3357:
2794:
2667:Party of Revolutionary Communism
2658:one-party Bolshevik dictatorship
2529:Party of Revolutionary Communism
2055:), post offices and telegraphs (
2019:Military Revolutionary Committee
1773:
1761:
1744:
315:
52:
9314:Russian Communist Workers Party
9174:Buryat-Mongolian People's Party
9100:Zionist Socialist Workers Party
9001:Constitutional Democratic Party
8361:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
7899:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7872:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7809:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7782:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7755:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7725:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7638:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7595:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7531:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7459:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7435:"Socialist Revolutionary Party"
7146:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
7056:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
6523:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
6470:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
6443:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
6393:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
6289:
6096:
5574:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
5311:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
5214:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
4901:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
4782:Rabinowitch, Alexander (2007).
4326:
4249:
2459:dictatorship of the proletariat
2034:, the transfer of power to the
9078:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
9016:Jewish Socialist Workers Party
8895:German Revolution of 1918â1919
8436:Russian Provisional Government
3890:Stephen Anthony Smith (2017).
3727:
3699:
3614:
2446:Council of People's Commissars
2385:Peace with the Central Empires
2200:Council of People's Commissars
2041:Council of People's Commissars
2032:Russian Provisional Government
219:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
203:Russian Provisional Government
18:Left Socialist Revolutionaries
13:
1:
9428:1917 establishments in Russia
9073:Socialist Revolutionary Party
8560:Socialist Revolutionary Party
8307:Ukrainian War of Independence
3621:Carr, Edward Hallett (1977).
3567:
2525:Socialist Revolutionary Party
2370:After the dissolution of the
2128:Socialist Revolutionary Party
2114:Organization and first months
2015:Socialist Revolutionary Party
1825:Socialist Revolutionary Party
1823:The left-wing faction of the
1818:
408:Critique of political economy
199:Socialist Revolutionary Party
101:Socialist Revolutionary Party
9121:Communist Party of the RSFSR
9031:Party of Narodnik Communists
8471:Russian Constituent Assembly
8366:Red Army invasion of Georgia
8351:Estonian War of Independence
2761:Association of Left Narodism
2663:Party of Narodnik Communists
2638:Golos trudovogo krestianstva
2270:Russian Constituent Assembly
1678:Socialist calculation debate
1648:List of socialist economists
1623:Economic calculation problem
508:Socialist mode of production
365:Socialist calculation debate
286:Russian Constituent Assembly
209:and those who supported the
7:
9244:Movement of Women of Russia
9199:Democratic Choice of Russia
9085:Union of the Russian People
8915:Workers' Councils in Poland
8513:Ukrainian People's Republic
8356:Latvian War of Independence
3480:
3084:Philosophies and tendencies
2492:Committees of Poor Peasants
241:
179:
10:
9494:
9438:Agrarian socialist parties
9433:Agrarian parties in Russia
9354:Stalin Bloc â For the USSR
9219:Future of RussiaâNew Names
9214:Fatherland Socialist Party
9006:Party of Democratic Reform
8935:Belarusian-Soviet conflict
8577:General Jewish Labour Bund
8446:Pro-independence movements
8098:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
8037:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
8007:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
7670:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
7561:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
7388:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
7361:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
7276:HĂ€fner, Lutz (July 1991).
7215:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6989:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6928:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6821:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6760:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6711:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6420:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6321:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6269:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
6237:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6117:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
6042:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5946:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5884:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
5858:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5831:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
5808:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5729:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5702:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
5679:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
5651:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
5601:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
5506:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
5483:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5460:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5414:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
5384:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5361:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
5285:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
5159:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
5011:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4975:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
4878:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4855:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
4809:Boniece, Sally A. (1995).
4759:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4732:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
4702:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4676:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4568:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4536:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
4486:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
4460:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4379:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
4310:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4283:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
4233:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
4113:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
4079:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
3970:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
3761:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
3734:Schapiro, Leonard (1965).
3649:Radkey, Oliver H. (1963).
3598:Hafner, Lutz (1991). "3".
3260:Spanish Revolution of 1936
2501:
2424:Fourth Congress of Soviets
2228:Formation of the coalition
2143:Approach to the Bolsheviks
2094:
291:
265:and launched an ill-fated
29:
9397:List of political parties
9387:
9264:Party of Economic Freedom
9146:
9108:
8983:
8905:Hungarian Soviet Republic
8882:
8820:
8782:
8749:
8681:
8638:
8610:
8592:
8585:
8523:
8423:
8294:
8281:KerenskyâKrasnov uprising
8253:
8246:
8171:10.1080/09546549808575689
8144:10.1080/09546549808575689
8085:10.1080/09546549808575689
7697:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
7411:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
7202:10.1080/09546549808575689
7083:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
6915:10.1080/09546549808575689
6858:10.1080/09546549808575689
6737:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
6688:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
6670:10.1080/09546549808575689
6500:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
5795:10.1080/09546549808575689
5755:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
5628:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
5437:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
5338:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
5272:10.1080/09546549808575689
5186:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
5105:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
4832:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
4653:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
4513:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
4434:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
4406:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
4140:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
4026:10.1080/09546549808575689
3944:Felstinsky, Yuri (1988).
3931:10.1080/09546549808575689
3444:revolutionary syndicalism
3376:Libertarianism portal
2841:Revolutionary spontaneity
2571:Fifth Congress of Soviets
2349:
2345:Split with the Bolsheviks
2302:Third Congress of Soviets
2295:Third Congress of Soviets
1673:Socialism and LGBT rights
617:Socialist-oriented market
565:Socialist planned economy
468:Material balance planning
230:
168:
134:
122:
106:
96:
88:
80:
60:
51:
39:
9478:Soviet opposition groups
9369:Union of Women of Russia
9299:People's Patriotic Union
9269:Party of Peace and Unity
9249:National Bolshevik Party
9189:Conceptual Party "Unity"
9133:Liberal Democratic Party
8900:Bavarian Soviet Republic
8890:Revolutions of 1917â1923
6877:Harvard University Press
6626:Harvard University Press
6559:Harvard University Press
5081:Harvard University Press
4632:Harvard University Press
4205:Harvard University Press
3516:
3243:Revolutions of 1917â1923
3206:Libertarian municipalism
3196:Democratic confederalism
3160:ChaulieuâMontal tendency
2909:Workers' self-management
2770:
2539:gain the support of the
1827:began to form after the
612:Socialist market economy
537:Workers' self-management
503:Socialism in one country
350:Age of the Enlightenment
249:, the Left SRs formed a
205:, established after the
9279:Party of Social Justice
9209:Fatherland â All Russia
9164:Baltic Republican Party
8984:Constitutional monarchy
8317:Kiev Bolshevik Uprising
7439:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
6301:Spartacus International
3450:â local self-governing
3119:Individualist anarchism
2889:Participatory economics
2545:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
2451:
2415:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
2004:Congress of the Soviets
1613:Criticism of capitalism
624:Participatory economics
458:Labour-time calculation
255:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
185:revolutionary socialist
124:Political position
9344:Socialist United Party
8930:Slovak Soviet Republic
8910:HungarianâRomanian War
8612:Provisional Government
7971:Cahiers du Monde russe
7933:Cahiers du Monde russe
7493:Cahiers du Monde russe
7325:Cahiers du Monde russe
7243:Cahiers du Monde russe
7113:Cahiers du Monde russe
7014:Cahiers du Monde russe
6956:Cahiers du Monde russe
6785:Cahiers du Monde russe
6587:Cahiers du Monde russe
6353:Cahiers du Monde russe
6183:Cahiers du Monde russe
6145:Cahiers du Monde russe
6070:Cahiers du Monde russe
6009:Cahiers du Monde russe
5971:Cahiers du Monde russe
5913:Cahiers du Monde russe
5538:Cahiers du Monde russe
5039:Cahiers du Monde russe
4939:Cahiers du Monde russe
4593:Cahiers du Monde russe
2874:Decentralized planning
2869:Co-operative economics
2619:Repression and decline
2531:
2406:
2171:
2131:
1988:
1936:provisional government
1618:Criticism of socialism
570:Decentralized planning
473:Peerâtoâpeer economics
84:November/December 1917
9324:Russian Party of Life
8602:Nicholas II of Russia
7983:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
7945:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
7505:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
7337:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
7255:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
7125:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
7026:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
6968:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
6797:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
6599:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
6365:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
6195:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
6157:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
6082:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
6021:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
5983:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
5925:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
5550:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
5136:Yale University Press
5051:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
4951:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
4605:10.3406/cmr.1997.2483
4353:Yale University Press
4176:Yale University Press
4056:Yale University Press
3867:Yale University Press
3829:Yale University Press
3795:Yale University Press
3683:Yale University Press
3448:union of cooperatives
2826:Egalitarian community
2811:Anti-authoritarianism
2788:Libertarian socialism
2517:Circle of Tchaikovsky
2511:
2392:
2166:
2121:
2075:, in the work of the
2059:), local government (
1983:
1934:, convinced that the
8920:PolishâUkrainian War
8322:PolishâUkrainian War
8312:UkrainianâSoviet War
8159:Revolutionary Russia
8132:Revolutionary Russia
8073:Revolutionary Russia
7190:Revolutionary Russia
6903:Revolutionary Russia
6846:Revolutionary Russia
6658:Revolutionary Russia
5783:Revolutionary Russia
5260:Revolutionary Russia
4014:Revolutionary Russia
3919:Revolutionary Russia
3388:Socialism portal
3364:Anarchism portal
3332:Democratic socialism
3270:New social movements
2884:Industrial democracy
2691:Hermann von Eichhorn
2581:was assassinated by
2444:, withdrew from the
2372:Constituent Assembly
2258:Brest-Litovsk Treaty
2223:Government coalition
1768:Communism portal
1751:Socialism portal
443:Industrial democracy
393:Collective ownership
251:coalition government
9204:Dignity and Charity
9026:Union of October 17
8572:Union of October 17
8391:Kronstadt rebellion
8386:Workers' Opposition
8261:February Revolution
3400:Politics portal
3136:Anarcho-syndicalism
2899:Socialist economics
2751:" movement, led by
2713:Kronstadt rebellion
2579:Wilhelm von Mirbach
2030:dissolution of the
1829:February Revolution
1653:Market abolitionism
1638:Left-libertarianism
575:Inclusive Democracy
542:Workplace democracy
388:Calculation in kind
370:Socialist economics
360:Revolutions of 1848
259:Wilhelm von Mirbach
215:Congress of Soviets
207:February Revolution
9402:Politics of Russia
9349:Spiritual Heritage
9147:Post-Soviet period
9041:Popular Socialists
8840:Stepan Petrichenko
8764:Alexander Kerensky
8276:October Revolution
8236:Russian Revolution
3492:Russian Revolution
3452:consumer societies
3275:Zapatista uprising
2904:Worker cooperative
2879:Economic democracy
2805:Political concepts
2532:
2413:that ended in the
2407:
2393:Negotiations with
2356:People's Commissar
2172:
2132:
2008:Alexander Kerenski
1989:
1658:Marxist philosophy
478:Production for use
448:Inputâoutput model
413:Economic democracy
247:October Revolution
192:Russian Revolution
190:formed during the
139:Politics of Russia
113:Agrarian socialism
9415:
9414:
9259:Our Home â Russia
9169:Beer Lovers Party
9066:internationalists
8943:
8942:
8925:PolishâSoviet War
8878:
8877:
8812:Alexander Antonov
8807:Maria Spiridonova
8736:Felix Dzerzhinsky
8653:Alexander Kolchak
8630:Alexander Guchkov
8419:
8418:
8346:PolishâSoviet War
8329:Finnish Civil War
8302:Russian Civil War
8111:978-0-674-64451-9
8050:978-0-674-64451-9
8020:978-0-674-64451-9
7912:978-0-253-34943-9
7885:978-0-253-34943-9
7822:978-0-253-34943-9
7795:978-0-253-34943-9
7768:978-0-253-34943-9
7738:978-0-253-34943-9
7683:978-0-674-64451-9
7651:978-0-253-34943-9
7608:978-0-253-34943-9
7574:978-0-674-64451-9
7544:978-0-253-34943-9
7472:978-0-253-34943-9
7374:978-0-674-64451-9
7159:978-0-253-34943-9
7069:978-0-253-34943-9
6536:978-0-253-34943-9
6483:978-0-253-34943-9
6456:978-0-253-34943-9
6406:978-0-253-34943-9
6282:978-0-674-64451-9
5897:978-0-674-64451-9
5844:978-0-674-64451-9
5715:978-0-674-64451-9
5614:978-0-674-64451-9
5587:978-0-253-34943-9
5519:978-0-674-64451-9
5324:978-0-253-34943-9
5227:978-0-253-34943-9
5172:978-0-674-64451-9
5145:978-0-300-14634-9
4988:978-0-674-64451-9
4914:978-0-253-34943-9
4795:978-0-253-34943-9
4745:978-0-674-64451-9
4549:978-0-674-64451-9
4499:978-0-674-64451-9
4392:978-0-674-64451-9
4362:978-0-300-14634-9
4296:978-0-674-64451-9
4185:978-0-300-14634-9
4126:978-0-674-64451-9
4065:978-0-300-14634-9
3983:978-0-674-64451-9
3903:978-0-19-873482-6
3876:978-0-300-14634-9
3838:978-0-300-14634-9
3804:978-0-300-14634-9
3747:978-0-674-64451-9
3692:978-0-300-14634-9
3632:978-0-14-020749-1
3496:Russian Civil War
3436:
3435:
3287:Rojava Revolution
3223:
3222:
3211:Utopian socialism
3170:Council communism
2741:Maria Spiridonova
2721:Russian Civil War
2717:Alexander Antonov
2698:, the end of the
2687:Irina Kakhovskaya
2600:Maria Spiridonova
2591:Felix Dzerzhinski
2379:Felix Dzerzhinski
2322:Maria Spiridonova
2281:Maria Spiridonova
1985:Maria Spiridonova
1941:After the failed
1928:Internationalists
1892:Maria Spiridonova
1816:
1815:
1608:Communist society
1580:Socialist parties
839:Saint-Simonianism
428:Equal opportunity
418:Economic planning
355:French Revolution
239:
177:
157:
156:
144:Political parties
75:Maria Spiridonova
16:(Redirected from
9485:
9128:Democratic Union
9046:Russian Assembly
8970:
8963:
8956:
8947:
8946:
8835:Maria Nikiforova
8731:Nikolai Bukharin
8701:Grigory Zinoviev
8668:Nikolai Yudenich
8590:
8589:
8451:Petrograd Soviet
8381:Tambov Rebellion
8376:Left SR uprising
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8189:encyclopedia.com
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7456:
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7449:
7447:
7445:
7431:
7425:
7424:
7408:
7402:
7401:
7385:
7379:
7378:
7358:
7349:
7348:
7320:
7309:
7308:
7282:
7273:
7267:
7266:
7238:
7229:
7228:
7212:
7206:
7205:
7185:
7164:
7163:
7143:
7137:
7136:
7108:
7097:
7096:
7080:
7074:
7073:
7053:
7038:
7037:
7009:
7003:
7002:
6986:
6980:
6979:
6951:
6942:
6941:
6925:
6919:
6918:
6898:
6889:
6888:
6868:
6862:
6861:
6841:
6835:
6834:
6818:
6809:
6808:
6780:
6774:
6773:
6757:
6751:
6750:
6734:
6725:
6724:
6708:
6702:
6701:
6685:
6674:
6673:
6653:
6638:
6637:
6617:
6611:
6610:
6582:
6571:
6570:
6550:
6541:
6540:
6520:
6514:
6513:
6497:
6488:
6487:
6467:
6461:
6460:
6440:
6434:
6433:
6417:
6411:
6410:
6390:
6377:
6376:
6348:
6335:
6334:
6318:
6312:
6311:
6309:
6307:
6293:
6287:
6286:
6266:
6251:
6250:
6234:
6207:
6206:
6178:
6169:
6168:
6140:
6131:
6130:
6114:
6105:
6100:
6094:
6093:
6065:
6056:
6055:
6039:
6033:
6032:
6004:
5995:
5994:
5966:
5960:
5959:
5943:
5937:
5936:
5908:
5902:
5901:
5881:
5872:
5871:
5855:
5849:
5848:
5828:
5822:
5821:
5805:
5799:
5798:
5778:
5769:
5768:
5752:
5743:
5742:
5726:
5720:
5719:
5699:
5693:
5692:
5676:
5665:
5664:
5648:
5642:
5641:
5625:
5619:
5618:
5598:
5592:
5591:
5571:
5562:
5561:
5533:
5524:
5523:
5503:
5497:
5496:
5480:
5474:
5473:
5457:
5451:
5450:
5434:
5428:
5427:
5411:
5398:
5397:
5381:
5375:
5374:
5358:
5352:
5351:
5335:
5329:
5328:
5308:
5299:
5298:
5282:
5276:
5275:
5255:
5232:
5231:
5211:
5200:
5199:
5183:
5177:
5176:
5156:
5150:
5149:
5125:
5119:
5118:
5102:
5093:
5092:
5072:
5063:
5062:
5034:
5025:
5024:
5008:
4993:
4992:
4972:
4963:
4962:
4934:
4919:
4918:
4898:
4892:
4891:
4875:
4869:
4868:
4852:
4846:
4845:
4829:
4823:
4822:
4806:
4800:
4799:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4756:
4750:
4749:
4729:
4716:
4715:
4699:
4690:
4689:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4650:
4644:
4643:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4565:
4554:
4553:
4533:
4527:
4526:
4510:
4504:
4503:
4483:
4474:
4473:
4457:
4448:
4447:
4431:
4420:
4419:
4403:
4397:
4396:
4376:
4367:
4366:
4342:
4333:
4330:
4324:
4323:
4307:
4301:
4300:
4280:
4271:
4270:
4265:
4264:
4253:
4247:
4246:
4230:
4217:
4216:
4196:
4190:
4189:
4165:
4154:
4153:
4137:
4131:
4130:
4110:
4093:
4092:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4045:
4030:
4029:
4009:
3988:
3987:
3967:
3958:
3957:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3887:
3881:
3880:
3856:
3843:
3842:
3818:
3809:
3808:
3784:
3775:
3774:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3707:Bookchin, Murray
3703:
3697:
3696:
3672:
3663:
3662:
3646:
3637:
3636:
3618:
3612:
3611:
3595:
3561:
3557:
3551:
3547:
3541:
3527:
3506:Tambov Rebellion
3501:Left SR Uprising
3428:
3421:
3414:
3398:
3397:
3386:
3385:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3322:Social democracy
3188:Other tendencies
3102:Social anarchism
3088:
3087:
2846:Workers' control
2831:Free association
2821:Decentralization
2798:
2775:
2774:
2737:Donat Cherepanov
2675:Andrei Kolegayev
2521:Land and Liberty
2504:Left SR uprising
2238:Andrei Kolegayev
2209:Grigory Zinoviev
2000:Petrograd Soviet
1970:Grigory Zinoviev
1958:Petrograd Soviet
1924:workers' control
1912:union organizing
1845:Petrograd Soviet
1808:
1801:
1794:
1780:Organized Labour
1778:
1777:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1749:
1748:
1693:Workers' council
1330:Gracchi Brothers
854:Social democracy
597:Market socialism
585:Project Cybersyn
513:Soviet democracy
498:Social ownership
453:Internationalism
433:Free association
403:Common ownership
319:
296:
295:
244:
234:
232:
182:
172:
170:
56:
37:
36:
21:
9493:
9492:
9488:
9487:
9486:
9484:
9483:
9482:
9418:
9417:
9416:
9411:
9392:Portal:Politics
9383:
9379:Women of Russia
9364:Union of Greens
9142:
9116:Communist Party
9104:
8985:
8979:
8974:
8944:
8939:
8874:
8870:Peter Kropotkin
8816:
8778:
8745:
8721:Semyon Budyonny
8677:
8634:
8606:
8581:
8519:
8508:Tsentralna Rada
8415:
8290:
8271:Kornilov affair
8242:
8233:
8203:
8202:
8193:
8191:
8183:
8182:
8178:
8155:
8151:
8128:
8119:
8112:
8096:
8092:
8069:
8058:
8051:
8035:
8028:
8021:
8005:
7998:
7967:
7960:
7929:
7920:
7913:
7897:
7893:
7886:
7870:
7866:
7861:
7857:
7852:
7848:
7843:
7839:
7834:
7830:
7823:
7807:
7803:
7796:
7780:
7776:
7769:
7753:
7746:
7739:
7723:
7714:
7695:
7691:
7684:
7668:
7659:
7652:
7636:
7625:
7620:
7616:
7609:
7593:
7582:
7575:
7559:
7552:
7545:
7529:
7520:
7489:
7480:
7473:
7457:
7453:
7443:
7441:
7433:
7432:
7428:
7409:
7405:
7386:
7382:
7375:
7359:
7352:
7321:
7312:
7280:
7274:
7270:
7239:
7232:
7213:
7209:
7186:
7167:
7160:
7144:
7140:
7109:
7100:
7081:
7077:
7070:
7054:
7041:
7010:
7006:
6987:
6983:
6952:
6945:
6926:
6922:
6899:
6892:
6879:. p. 105.
6869:
6865:
6842:
6838:
6819:
6812:
6781:
6777:
6758:
6754:
6735:
6728:
6709:
6705:
6686:
6677:
6654:
6641:
6618:
6614:
6583:
6574:
6551:
6544:
6537:
6521:
6517:
6498:
6491:
6484:
6468:
6464:
6457:
6441:
6437:
6418:
6414:
6407:
6391:
6380:
6349:
6338:
6319:
6315:
6305:
6303:
6295:
6294:
6290:
6283:
6267:
6254:
6235:
6210:
6179:
6172:
6141:
6134:
6115:
6108:
6101:
6097:
6066:
6059:
6040:
6036:
6005:
5998:
5967:
5963:
5944:
5940:
5909:
5905:
5898:
5882:
5875:
5856:
5852:
5845:
5829:
5825:
5806:
5802:
5779:
5772:
5753:
5746:
5727:
5723:
5716:
5700:
5696:
5677:
5668:
5649:
5645:
5626:
5622:
5615:
5599:
5595:
5588:
5572:
5565:
5534:
5527:
5520:
5504:
5500:
5481:
5477:
5458:
5454:
5435:
5431:
5412:
5401:
5382:
5378:
5359:
5355:
5336:
5332:
5325:
5309:
5302:
5283:
5279:
5256:
5235:
5228:
5212:
5203:
5184:
5180:
5173:
5157:
5153:
5146:
5126:
5122:
5103:
5096:
5073:
5066:
5035:
5028:
5009:
4996:
4989:
4973:
4966:
4935:
4922:
4915:
4899:
4895:
4876:
4872:
4853:
4849:
4830:
4826:
4807:
4803:
4796:
4780:
4776:
4757:
4753:
4746:
4730:
4719:
4700:
4693:
4674:
4670:
4651:
4647:
4624:
4620:
4589:
4585:
4566:
4557:
4550:
4534:
4530:
4511:
4507:
4500:
4484:
4477:
4458:
4451:
4432:
4423:
4404:
4400:
4393:
4377:
4370:
4363:
4343:
4336:
4331:
4327:
4308:
4304:
4297:
4281:
4274:
4262:
4260:
4255:
4254:
4250:
4231:
4220:
4197:
4193:
4186:
4166:
4157:
4138:
4134:
4127:
4111:
4096:
4077:
4073:
4066:
4046:
4033:
4010:
3991:
3984:
3968:
3961:
3942:
3938:
3915:
3911:
3904:
3888:
3884:
3877:
3857:
3846:
3839:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3785:
3778:
3759:
3755:
3748:
3732:
3728:
3721:
3704:
3700:
3693:
3673:
3666:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3619:
3615:
3596:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3564:
3558:
3554:
3548:
3544:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3483:
3432:
3392:
3380:
3370:
3368:
3358:
3356:
3349:
3348:
3307:
3299:
3298:
3233:
3225:
3224:
3201:Guild socialism
3180:Western Marxism
3085:
3077:
3076:
2922:
2914:
2913:
2864:Anti-capitalism
2859:
2851:
2850:
2806:
2773:
2753:Isaac Steinberg
2621:
2607:Bolshoi Theater
2587:Nikolai Andreev
2541:left-communists
2506:
2500:
2476:Isaac Steinberg
2454:
2437:Left Communists
2411:Central Empires
2395:Central Empires
2387:
2352:
2347:
2310:
2266:
2254:Leonard Shapiro
2242:Isaac Steinberg
2230:
2225:
2193:Isaac Steinberg
2145:
2116:
2097:
1978:
1920:eight-hour days
1853:Northern Region
1849:First World War
1821:
1812:
1772:
1762:
1760:
1743:
1736:
1735:
1706:
1698:
1697:
1688:Socialist state
1683:Socialist Party
1628:Economic system
1593:
1585:
1584:
1570:
1560:
1559:
1325:
1317:
1316:
897:
889:
888:
704:Democratic road
639:
629:
628:
555:
547:
546:
493:Social dividend
483:Sharing economy
383:
375:
374:
345:
337:
294:
188:political party
153:
115:
97:Split from
73:
69:
47:
46:
43:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9491:
9481:
9480:
9475:
9470:
9465:
9460:
9455:
9450:
9445:
9440:
9435:
9430:
9413:
9412:
9410:
9409:
9404:
9399:
9394:
9388:
9385:
9384:
9382:
9381:
9376:
9371:
9366:
9361:
9356:
9351:
9346:
9341:
9336:
9331:
9326:
9321:
9316:
9311:
9306:
9304:People's Union
9301:
9296:
9294:People's Party
9291:
9286:
9281:
9276:
9271:
9266:
9261:
9256:
9251:
9246:
9241:
9236:
9234:Liberal Russia
9231:
9226:
9224:Green Alliance
9221:
9216:
9211:
9206:
9201:
9196:
9191:
9186:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9161:
9156:
9150:
9148:
9144:
9143:
9141:
9140:
9135:
9130:
9125:
9124:
9123:
9112:
9110:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9102:
9097:
9092:
9087:
9082:
9081:
9080:
9070:
9069:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9048:
9043:
9038:
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9013:
9008:
9003:
8998:
8992:
8990:
8981:
8980:
8973:
8972:
8965:
8958:
8950:
8941:
8940:
8938:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8922:
8917:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8886:
8884:
8880:
8879:
8876:
8875:
8873:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8850:Semen Karetnyk
8847:
8842:
8837:
8832:
8826:
8824:
8818:
8817:
8815:
8814:
8809:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8788:
8786:
8780:
8779:
8777:
8776:
8774:Boris Sokoloff
8771:
8769:Boris Savinkov
8766:
8761:
8759:Viktor Chernov
8755:
8753:
8747:
8746:
8744:
8743:
8738:
8733:
8728:
8726:Yakov Sverdlov
8723:
8718:
8713:
8711:Mikhail Frunze
8708:
8703:
8698:
8693:
8691:Vladimir Lenin
8687:
8685:
8679:
8678:
8676:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8650:
8644:
8642:
8640:White movement
8636:
8635:
8633:
8632:
8627:
8625:Pavel Milyukov
8622:
8616:
8614:
8608:
8607:
8605:
8604:
8598:
8596:
8587:
8583:
8582:
8580:
8579:
8574:
8569:
8568:
8567:
8557:
8556:
8555:
8550:
8540:
8535:
8529:
8527:
8521:
8520:
8518:
8517:
8516:
8515:
8505:
8500:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8480:
8479:
8478:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8443:
8441:White movement
8438:
8433:
8427:
8425:
8421:
8420:
8417:
8416:
8414:
8413:
8412:
8411:
8406:
8404:Central Powers
8401:
8395:Interventions
8393:
8388:
8383:
8378:
8373:
8368:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8337:
8336:
8326:
8325:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8304:
8298:
8296:
8292:
8291:
8289:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8257:
8255:
8248:
8244:
8243:
8232:
8231:
8224:
8217:
8209:
8201:
8200:
8176:
8149:
8117:
8110:
8090:
8056:
8049:
8026:
8019:
7996:
7977:(1/2): 75â77.
7958:
7918:
7911:
7891:
7884:
7864:
7855:
7846:
7837:
7828:
7821:
7801:
7794:
7774:
7767:
7744:
7737:
7712:
7689:
7682:
7657:
7650:
7623:
7614:
7607:
7580:
7573:
7550:
7543:
7518:
7478:
7471:
7451:
7426:
7403:
7380:
7373:
7350:
7310:
7297:10.2307/131077
7291:(3): 324â344.
7285:Russian Review
7268:
7230:
7207:
7165:
7158:
7138:
7098:
7075:
7068:
7039:
7004:
6981:
6943:
6920:
6890:
6863:
6836:
6810:
6775:
6752:
6726:
6703:
6675:
6639:
6628:. p. 89.
6612:
6572:
6561:. p. 88.
6542:
6535:
6515:
6489:
6482:
6462:
6455:
6435:
6412:
6405:
6378:
6336:
6313:
6288:
6281:
6252:
6208:
6170:
6132:
6106:
6095:
6057:
6034:
5996:
5961:
5938:
5903:
5896:
5873:
5850:
5843:
5823:
5800:
5770:
5744:
5721:
5714:
5694:
5666:
5643:
5620:
5613:
5593:
5586:
5563:
5525:
5518:
5498:
5475:
5452:
5429:
5399:
5376:
5353:
5330:
5323:
5300:
5277:
5233:
5226:
5201:
5178:
5171:
5151:
5144:
5138:. p. 72.
5120:
5094:
5083:. p. 64.
5064:
5026:
4994:
4987:
4964:
4920:
4913:
4893:
4870:
4847:
4824:
4801:
4794:
4774:
4751:
4744:
4717:
4691:
4668:
4645:
4634:. p. 63.
4618:
4583:
4555:
4548:
4528:
4505:
4498:
4475:
4449:
4421:
4398:
4391:
4368:
4361:
4355:. p. 71.
4334:
4325:
4302:
4295:
4272:
4248:
4218:
4207:. p. 60.
4191:
4184:
4178:. p. 70.
4155:
4132:
4125:
4094:
4071:
4064:
4058:. p. 66.
4031:
3989:
3982:
3959:
3936:
3909:
3902:
3882:
3875:
3869:. p. 65.
3844:
3837:
3831:. p. 64.
3810:
3803:
3797:. p. 60.
3776:
3753:
3746:
3726:
3719:
3698:
3691:
3685:. p. 63.
3664:
3638:
3631:
3613:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3552:
3542:
3521:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3489:
3482:
3479:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3390:
3378:
3366:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3324:
3319:
3317:Libertarianism
3314:
3308:
3306:Related topics
3305:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3248:Makhnovshchina
3240:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3149:
3148:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3109:
3096:
3095:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2816:Class conflict
2813:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2791:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2772:
2769:
2723:, joining the
2653:Fifth Congress
2634:Banner of Work
2620:
2617:
2502:Main article:
2499:
2496:
2467:Prosh Proshian
2453:
2450:
2386:
2383:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2335:Decree on Land
2309:
2306:
2285:Victor Chernov
2265:
2262:
2246:Prosh Proshian
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2144:
2141:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2096:
2093:
1977:
1974:
1908:Central Powers
1896:Prosh Proshian
1820:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1770:
1758:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1643:Libertarianism
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1594:
1592:Related topics
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
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1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
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1323:
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1319:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
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1249:
1244:
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1234:
1229:
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1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
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1129:
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1074:
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1024:
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1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
898:
895:
894:
891:
890:
887:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
640:
635:
634:
631:
630:
627:
626:
621:
620:
619:
614:
609:
604:
594:
593:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
562:
556:
553:
552:
549:
548:
545:
544:
539:
534:
529:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
463:Labour voucher
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
384:
381:
380:
377:
376:
373:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
346:
343:
342:
339:
338:
336:
335:
330:
324:
321:
320:
312:
311:
305:
304:
293:
290:
155:
154:
152:
151:
146:
141:
135:
132:
131:
126:
120:
119:
110:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
64:
58:
57:
49:
48:
44:
41:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9490:
9479:
9476:
9474:
9471:
9469:
9466:
9464:
9461:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9451:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9439:
9436:
9434:
9431:
9429:
9426:
9425:
9423:
9408:
9405:
9403:
9400:
9398:
9395:
9393:
9390:
9389:
9386:
9380:
9377:
9375:
9372:
9370:
9367:
9365:
9362:
9360:
9357:
9355:
9352:
9350:
9347:
9345:
9342:
9340:
9337:
9335:
9332:
9330:
9327:
9325:
9322:
9320:
9317:
9315:
9312:
9310:
9307:
9305:
9302:
9300:
9297:
9295:
9292:
9290:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9280:
9277:
9275:
9272:
9270:
9267:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9250:
9247:
9245:
9242:
9240:
9237:
9235:
9232:
9230:
9227:
9225:
9222:
9220:
9217:
9215:
9212:
9210:
9207:
9205:
9202:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9190:
9187:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9152:
9151:
9149:
9145:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9122:
9119:
9118:
9117:
9114:
9113:
9111:
9109:Soviet period
9107:
9101:
9098:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9079:
9076:
9075:
9074:
9071:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9057:
9054:
9053:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9032:
9029:
9027:
9024:
9022:
9019:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8993:
8991:
8989:
8982:
8978:
8971:
8966:
8964:
8959:
8957:
8952:
8951:
8948:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8921:
8918:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8887:
8885:
8883:International
8881:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8860:Viktor Bilash
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8846:
8843:
8841:
8838:
8836:
8833:
8831:
8830:Nestor Makhno
8828:
8827:
8825:
8823:
8819:
8813:
8810:
8808:
8805:
8803:
8802:Mark Natanson
8800:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8792:Yakov Blumkin
8790:
8789:
8787:
8785:
8781:
8775:
8772:
8770:
8767:
8765:
8762:
8760:
8757:
8756:
8754:
8752:
8748:
8742:
8739:
8737:
8734:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8719:
8717:
8716:Joseph Stalin
8714:
8712:
8709:
8707:
8704:
8702:
8699:
8697:
8694:
8692:
8689:
8688:
8686:
8684:
8680:
8674:
8673:Lavr Kornilov
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8663:Pyotr Krasnov
8661:
8659:
8658:Anton Denikin
8656:
8654:
8651:
8649:
8648:Pyotr Wrangel
8646:
8645:
8643:
8641:
8637:
8631:
8628:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8618:
8617:
8615:
8613:
8609:
8603:
8600:
8599:
8597:
8595:
8591:
8588:
8584:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8566:
8563:
8562:
8561:
8558:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8545:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8536:
8534:
8531:
8530:
8528:
8526:
8522:
8514:
8511:
8510:
8509:
8506:
8504:
8501:
8499:
8496:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8477:
8474:
8473:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8447:
8444:
8442:
8439:
8437:
8434:
8432:
8429:
8428:
8426:
8422:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8396:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8382:
8379:
8377:
8374:
8372:
8369:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8335:
8332:
8331:
8330:
8327:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8310:
8309:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8299:
8297:
8293:
8287:
8286:Junker mutiny
8284:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8258:
8256:
8252:
8249:
8245:
8241:
8237:
8230:
8225:
8223:
8218:
8216:
8211:
8210:
8207:
8190:
8186:
8180:
8172:
8168:
8164:
8160:
8153:
8145:
8141:
8137:
8133:
8126:
8124:
8122:
8113:
8107:
8103:
8102:
8094:
8086:
8082:
8078:
8074:
8067:
8065:
8063:
8061:
8052:
8046:
8042:
8041:
8033:
8031:
8022:
8016:
8012:
8011:
8003:
8001:
7992:
7988:
7984:
7980:
7976:
7972:
7965:
7963:
7954:
7950:
7946:
7942:
7938:
7934:
7927:
7925:
7923:
7914:
7908:
7904:
7903:
7895:
7887:
7881:
7877:
7876:
7868:
7859:
7850:
7841:
7832:
7824:
7818:
7814:
7813:
7805:
7797:
7791:
7787:
7786:
7778:
7770:
7764:
7760:
7759:
7751:
7749:
7740:
7734:
7730:
7729:
7721:
7719:
7717:
7708:
7704:
7700:
7693:
7685:
7679:
7675:
7674:
7666:
7664:
7662:
7653:
7647:
7643:
7642:
7634:
7632:
7630:
7628:
7618:
7610:
7604:
7600:
7599:
7591:
7589:
7587:
7585:
7576:
7570:
7566:
7565:
7557:
7555:
7546:
7540:
7536:
7535:
7527:
7525:
7523:
7514:
7510:
7506:
7502:
7498:
7494:
7487:
7485:
7483:
7474:
7468:
7464:
7463:
7455:
7440:
7436:
7430:
7422:
7418:
7414:
7407:
7399:
7395:
7391:
7384:
7376:
7370:
7366:
7365:
7357:
7355:
7346:
7342:
7338:
7334:
7330:
7326:
7319:
7317:
7315:
7306:
7302:
7298:
7294:
7290:
7286:
7279:
7272:
7264:
7260:
7256:
7252:
7248:
7244:
7237:
7235:
7226:
7222:
7218:
7211:
7203:
7199:
7195:
7191:
7184:
7182:
7180:
7178:
7176:
7174:
7172:
7170:
7161:
7155:
7151:
7150:
7142:
7134:
7130:
7126:
7122:
7118:
7114:
7107:
7105:
7103:
7094:
7090:
7086:
7079:
7071:
7065:
7061:
7060:
7052:
7050:
7048:
7046:
7044:
7035:
7031:
7027:
7023:
7019:
7015:
7008:
7000:
6996:
6992:
6985:
6977:
6973:
6969:
6965:
6961:
6957:
6950:
6948:
6939:
6935:
6931:
6924:
6916:
6912:
6908:
6904:
6897:
6895:
6886:
6882:
6878:
6874:
6867:
6859:
6855:
6851:
6847:
6840:
6832:
6828:
6824:
6817:
6815:
6806:
6802:
6798:
6794:
6790:
6786:
6779:
6771:
6767:
6763:
6756:
6748:
6744:
6740:
6733:
6731:
6722:
6718:
6714:
6707:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6684:
6682:
6680:
6671:
6667:
6663:
6659:
6652:
6650:
6648:
6646:
6644:
6635:
6631:
6627:
6623:
6616:
6608:
6604:
6600:
6596:
6592:
6588:
6581:
6579:
6577:
6568:
6564:
6560:
6556:
6549:
6547:
6538:
6532:
6528:
6527:
6519:
6511:
6507:
6503:
6496:
6494:
6485:
6479:
6475:
6474:
6466:
6458:
6452:
6448:
6447:
6439:
6431:
6427:
6423:
6416:
6408:
6402:
6398:
6397:
6389:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6374:
6370:
6366:
6362:
6358:
6354:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6341:
6332:
6328:
6324:
6317:
6302:
6298:
6292:
6284:
6278:
6274:
6273:
6265:
6263:
6261:
6259:
6257:
6248:
6244:
6240:
6233:
6231:
6229:
6227:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6219:
6217:
6215:
6213:
6204:
6200:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6177:
6175:
6166:
6162:
6158:
6154:
6150:
6146:
6139:
6137:
6128:
6124:
6120:
6113:
6111:
6104:
6099:
6091:
6087:
6083:
6079:
6075:
6071:
6064:
6062:
6053:
6049:
6045:
6038:
6030:
6026:
6022:
6018:
6014:
6010:
6003:
6001:
5992:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5976:
5972:
5965:
5957:
5953:
5949:
5942:
5934:
5930:
5926:
5922:
5918:
5914:
5907:
5899:
5893:
5889:
5888:
5880:
5878:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5854:
5846:
5840:
5836:
5835:
5827:
5819:
5815:
5811:
5804:
5796:
5792:
5788:
5784:
5777:
5775:
5766:
5762:
5758:
5751:
5749:
5740:
5736:
5732:
5725:
5717:
5711:
5707:
5706:
5698:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5675:
5673:
5671:
5662:
5658:
5654:
5647:
5639:
5635:
5631:
5624:
5616:
5610:
5606:
5605:
5597:
5589:
5583:
5579:
5578:
5570:
5568:
5559:
5555:
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3720:0-8264-5054-7
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3532:war communism
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3337:Eco-socialism
3335:
3333:
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3325:
3323:
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3310:
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3165:Communization
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2897:
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2894:Socialization
2892:
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2877:
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2870:
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2718:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2692:
2688:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2671:Mark Natanson
2668:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2630:Znamia trudĂĄ
2627:
2616:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2583:Yakov Blumkin
2580:
2575:
2572:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2537:
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2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2513:Mark Natanson
2510:
2505:
2495:
2493:
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2468:
2463:
2460:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2438:
2431:
2429:
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2420:
2416:
2412:
2404:
2400:
2399:Brest-Litovsk
2396:
2391:
2382:
2380:
2375:
2373:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2327:
2323:
2320:â chaired by
2319:
2315:
2305:
2303:
2298:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2271:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2252:According to
2250:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2213:Aleksei Rykov
2210:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2183:
2178:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2157:Julius Martov
2154:
2150:
2140:
2136:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2047:), property (
2046:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1954:Pavel Lazimir
1951:
1946:
1944:
1943:Kornilov coup
1939:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1880:Mark Natanson
1876:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
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1834:
1830:
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1797:
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1740:
1739:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1711:Related lists
1709:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1691:
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1686:
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1669:
1668:Progressivism
1666:
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1663:Nanosocialism
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1568:Organizations
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1555:Ocasio-Cortez
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1475:van der Lubbe
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1103:
1100:
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1080:
1078:
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1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1012:Chernyshevsky
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
899:
896:Intellectuals
893:
892:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
829:Revolutionary
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
764:Laissez-faire
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
669:Authoritarian
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
641:
638:
633:
632:
625:
622:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
599:
598:
595:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
567:
566:
563:
561:
558:
557:
551:
550:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
524:
521:
519:
518:Strike action
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
423:Equal liberty
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
385:
379:
378:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
347:
341:
340:
334:
331:
329:
326:
325:
323:
322:
318:
314:
313:
310:
307:
306:
302:
298:
297:
289:
287:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
245:). After the
243:
237:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
197:In 1917, the
195:
193:
189:
186:
181:
175:
166:
162:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
136:
133:
130:
127:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
76:
72:
71:Mark Natanson
68:
65:
63:
59:
55:
50:
38:
33:
19:
9229:Khostug Tyva
9077:
9021:Labour Group
8855:Fedir Shchus
8797:Boris Kamkov
8783:
8741:Alexei Rykov
8706:Leon Trotsky
8564:
8493:Green armies
8483:Black Guards
8192:. Retrieved
8188:
8179:
8162:
8158:
8152:
8135:
8131:
8100:
8093:
8076:
8072:
8039:
8009:
7974:
7970:
7936:
7932:
7901:
7894:
7874:
7867:
7858:
7849:
7840:
7831:
7811:
7804:
7784:
7777:
7757:
7727:
7698:
7692:
7672:
7640:
7617:
7597:
7563:
7533:
7496:
7492:
7461:
7454:
7442:. Retrieved
7438:
7429:
7412:
7406:
7389:
7383:
7363:
7328:
7324:
7288:
7284:
7271:
7246:
7242:
7216:
7210:
7193:
7189:
7148:
7141:
7116:
7112:
7084:
7078:
7058:
7017:
7013:
7007:
6990:
6984:
6959:
6955:
6929:
6923:
6906:
6902:
6872:
6866:
6849:
6845:
6839:
6822:
6788:
6784:
6778:
6761:
6755:
6738:
6712:
6706:
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6300:
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4251:
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3710:
3701:
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3650:
3622:
3616:
3599:
3555:
3545:
3535:
3525:
3511:Green armies
3456:
3437:
3216:Neozapatismo
3175:Situationism
3112:Collectivist
2745:Boris Kamkov
2725:green rebels
2709:White Armies
2683:
2679:
2650:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2622:
2604:
2576:
2568:
2564:
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2311:
2299:
2278:
2274:
2267:
2251:
2231:
2217:Viktor Nogin
2197:
2186:
2173:
2149:negotiations
2146:
2137:
2133:
2098:
2081:
2051:), justice (
2012:
1997:
1990:
1947:
1940:
1916:living wages
1904:
1884:Boris Kamkov
1877:
1873:
1822:
724:Evolutionary
644:21st-century
438:Freed market
283:
242:leviye esery
222:
218:
196:
160:
158:
67:Boris Kamkov
9309:Right Cause
9179:Civic Union
9154:Adyghe Hase
8865:Fanya Baron
8845:Lev Chernyi
8696:Lev Kamenev
8620:Georgy Lvov
8594:Monarchists
7939:(1/2): 67.
7499:(1/2): 66.
7331:(1/2): 65.
7249:(1/2): 64.
7119:(1/2): 68.
7020:(1/2): 74.
6962:(1/2): 73.
6791:(1/2): 69.
6593:(1/2): 59.
6359:(1/2): 62.
6189:(1/2): 58.
6151:(1/2): 57.
6076:(1/2): 56.
6015:(1/2): 55.
5977:(1/2): 54.
5919:(1/2): 53.
5544:(1/2): 51.
5045:(1/2): 46.
4945:(1/2): 50.
4599:(1/2): 49.
3459:Yakov Brown
3344:Syndicalism
2957:Castoriadis
2765:Great Purge
2669:(including
2205:Lev Kamenev
2168:Spiridonova
1966:Lev Kamenev
1878:Except for
1755:WikiProject
1633:French Left
1425:Spiridonova
1324:Politicians
1237:Castoriadis
917:Saint-Simon
869:Third World
864:Syndicalism
799:Nationalist
774:Libertarian
739:Free-market
602:Lange model
590:Soviet-type
560:Communalism
532:Vanguardism
488:Spontaneism
398:Cooperative
344:Development
275:bureaucracy
263:World War I
231:лДĐČŃĐ” ŃŃĐ”ŃŃ
9422:Categories
9359:Styr Nyxas
9334:Sakha Omuk
9061:mensheviks
9056:bolsheviks
8822:Anarchists
8683:Bolsheviks
8553:Mensheviks
8548:Bolsheviks
8498:Red Guards
8341:Heimosodat
8254:Revolution
8194:2022-01-08
4263:2018-05-22
3568:References
3467:Ukrainians
3155:Autonomism
3147:tendencies
3094:tendencies
2982:Fotopoulos
2836:Mutual aid
2735:", led by
2552:Mensheviks
2488:Mensheviks
2442:government
2403:Bolsheviks
2365:government
1841:Mensheviks
1837:Bolsheviks
1819:Background
1726:Socialists
1721:By country
1603:Capitalism
1485:Mitterrand
1450:Gerhardsen
1395:Liebknecht
1380:Markievicz
1307:Varoufakis
1257:Fotopoulos
927:Saint-Just
922:Buonarroti
907:Campanella
844:Scientific
779:Marhaenism
734:Fourierism
719:Ecological
699:Democratic
211:Bolsheviks
9453:Narodniks
8988:Civil War
8751:Right SRs
8476:elections
8295:Civil War
8266:July Days
8240:Civil War
8165:(2): 11.
8138:(2): 10.
6909:(2): 14.
6885:464416257
6852:(2): 15.
6634:464416257
6567:464416257
5789:(2): 12.
5089:464416257
4640:464416257
4213:464416257
3440:anarchism
3327:Socialism
3312:Communism
3131:Mutualism
3107:Communist
3092:Anarchist
3052:Pannekoek
3047:Pankhurst
2997:Kropotkin
2858:Economics
2733:activists
2646:Petrograd
2558:from the
2556:Right SRs
2471:Sovnarkom
2290:Sovnarkom
2177:Sovnarkom
2061:Trutovsky
2053:Steinberg
2023:Sovnarkom
1861:Kronstadt
1598:Anarchism
1520:Gorbachev
1370:Malatesta
1365:Bernstein
1142:Pankhurst
1122:Pannekoek
1112:Luxemburg
1067:Plekhanov
1042:Carpenter
1037:Kropotkin
834:Ricardian
824:Religious
819:Reformism
804:Nkrumaism
794:Municipal
694:Communism
689:Christian
674:Blanquism
664:Anarchism
607:Mutualism
309:Socialism
281:by 1921.
236:romanized
174:romanized
149:Elections
89:Dissolved
8784:Left SRs
8565:Left SRs
8461:Red Army
8409:Siberian
8079:(2): 9.
7991:20171032
7953:20171032
7707:42033223
7513:20171032
7444:9 August
7421:42033223
7398:34461219
7345:20171032
7263:20171032
7225:34461219
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7133:20171032
7093:42033223
7034:20171032
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6607:20171032
6510:42033223
6430:34461219
6373:20171032
6331:34461219
6306:9 August
6247:34461219
6203:20171032
6165:20171032
6127:34461219
6090:20171032
6052:34461219
6029:20171032
5991:20171032
5956:34461219
5933:20171032
5868:34461219
5818:34461219
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5558:20171032
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5371:34461219
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5266:(2): 6.
5196:42033223
5115:42033223
5059:20171032
4959:20171032
4865:34461219
4842:42033223
4819:34461219
4663:42033223
4613:20171032
4523:42033223
4444:42033223
4416:42033223
4150:42033223
4020:(2): 5.
3954:42033223
3925:(2): 4.
3709:(2004).
3608:40867633
3481:See also
3471:Russians
3265:New Left
3057:Proudhon
2972:DĂ©jacque
2947:Bookchin
2780:a series
2778:Part of
2749:legalist
2554:and the
2523:and the
2331:communes
2326:populist
2300:In this
2124:populist
2087:and the
2073:Red Army
2057:Proshian
2045:Kolegaev
1886:), from
1865:Helsinki
1716:Category
1455:Erlander
1415:Kerensky
1385:Connolly
1242:Thompson
1227:Bookchin
1217:Montseny
1167:Vanzetti
1132:Einstein
1102:Landauer
1007:Saltykov
1002:Lassalle
962:Proudhon
744:Gandhian
729:Feminist
679:Buddhist
659:Agrarian
637:Variants
301:a series
299:Part of
271:arrested
267:uprising
223:Left SRs
183:) was a
129:Far-left
117:Narodism
108:Ideology
92:May 1921
8586:Figures
8525:Parties
3232:History
3145:Marxist
3067:Russell
3027:Marcuse
3017:Margall
2987:Fourier
2962:Chomsky
2942:Berkman
2937:Bakunin
2932:Andrews
2704:Ukraine
2626:Kremlin
2536:Soviets
2484:soviets
2428:Trotsky
2153:Vikzhel
2095:Demands
2085:Ukraine
2065:Algasov
2063:), and
2049:Karelin
2036:soviets
1932:Soviets
1900:Vikzhel
1888:Siberia
1869:Kharkiv
1550:SĂĄnchez
1535:Sankara
1495:Mandela
1480:Kreisky
1470:Allende
1465:Senghor
1460:Douglas
1445:Durruti
1410:Trotsky
1302:Graeber
1282:Hampton
1252:Chomsky
1197:Marcuse
1182:Gramsci
1172:Bordiga
1162:Polanyi
1117:Russell
1107:Berkman
1097:Goldman
1087:Du Bois
1057:Kautsky
1052:Bellamy
1017:Tolstoy
992:Wallace
977:Bakunin
967:Greeley
957:Blanqui
937:Fourier
884:Zionist
874:Utopian
814:Popular
809:Owenism
789:Marxism
769:Liberal
754:Islamic
714:Ethical
709:Digital
684:Chinese
649:African
333:Outline
328:History
292:History
238::
227:Russian
176::
165:Russian
81:Founded
9159:Alania
8533:Kadets
8424:Groups
8399:Allied
8247:Events
8108:
8047:
8017:
7989:
7951:
7909:
7882:
7819:
7792:
7765:
7735:
7705:
7680:
7648:
7605:
7571:
7541:
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7469:
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7305:131077
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7032:
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3769:
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3659:422729
3657:
3629:
3606:
3537:kulaks
3475:Greeks
3124:Market
3062:Rocker
3042:Pallis
3037:Ăcalan
3022:Morris
3012:Marcos
3007:Makhno
3002:Lefort
2992:Guérin
2927:Albert
2921:People
2743:&
2636:) and
2350:Terror
2314:volost
2189:terror
1922:) and
1545:Marcos
1540:ChĂĄvez
1530:Corbyn
1505:Manley
1500:DubÄek
1490:Nasser
1430:Makhno
1420:Attlee
1405:Martov
1390:Gandhi
1345:Babeuf
1335:Mazdak
1297:Hedges
1277:Ăcalan
1262:Newton
1222:Sartre
1212:Guérin
1207:Orwell
1157:Korsch
1152:LukĂĄcs
1137:Keller
1127:Rocker
1072:Ferrer
1027:Morris
1022:Michel
997:Lavrov
987:Engels
972:Herzen
947:Leroux
879:Yellow
784:Market
759:Jewish
554:Models
62:Leader
9374:Unity
8538:Nabat
7987:JSTOR
7949:JSTOR
7509:JSTOR
7341:JSTOR
7301:JSTOR
7281:(PDF)
7259:JSTOR
7129:JSTOR
7030:JSTOR
6972:JSTOR
6801:JSTOR
6603:JSTOR
6369:JSTOR
6199:JSTOR
6161:JSTOR
6086:JSTOR
6025:JSTOR
5987:JSTOR
5929:JSTOR
5554:JSTOR
5055:JSTOR
4955:JSTOR
4609:JSTOR
3604:JSTOR
3517:Notes
3292:AANES
3280:MAREZ
3072:RĂŒhle
3032:Negri
2952:Camus
2771:Ideas
2700:Cheka
2696:VTsIK
2612:Cheka
2595:Cheka
2419:VTsIK
2361:Cheka
2339:VTsIK
2318:VTsIK
2234:Cheka
2089:Urals
1857:Kazan
1731:Songs
1705:Lists
1510:Palme
1360:Bebel
1350:Blanc
1312:Saito
1287:ĆœiĆŸek
1267:Wolff
1202:James
1187:Sacco
1177:Serge
1147:Volin
1092:Gorky
1082:Wells
1077:Dewey
1062:Wilde
1047:Sorel
1032:Jones
942:Cabet
912:Paine
859:State
849:Sewer
749:Guild
527:needs
382:Ideas
8996:Bund
8986:and
8238:and
8106:ISBN
8045:ISBN
8015:ISBN
7907:ISBN
7880:ISBN
7817:ISBN
7790:ISBN
7763:ISBN
7733:ISBN
7703:OCLC
7678:ISBN
7646:ISBN
7603:ISBN
7569:ISBN
7539:ISBN
7467:ISBN
7446:2016
7417:OCLC
7394:OCLC
7369:ISBN
7221:OCLC
7154:ISBN
7089:OCLC
7064:ISBN
6995:OCLC
6934:OCLC
6881:OCLC
6827:OCLC
6766:OCLC
6743:OCLC
6717:OCLC
6694:OCLC
6630:OCLC
6563:OCLC
6531:ISBN
6506:OCLC
6478:ISBN
6451:ISBN
6426:OCLC
6401:ISBN
6327:OCLC
6308:2016
6277:ISBN
6243:OCLC
6123:OCLC
6048:OCLC
5952:OCLC
5892:ISBN
5864:OCLC
5839:ISBN
5814:OCLC
5761:OCLC
5735:OCLC
5710:ISBN
5685:OCLC
5657:OCLC
5634:OCLC
5609:ISBN
5582:ISBN
5514:ISBN
5489:OCLC
5466:OCLC
5443:OCLC
5420:OCLC
5390:OCLC
5367:OCLC
5344:OCLC
5319:ISBN
5291:OCLC
5222:ISBN
5192:OCLC
5167:ISBN
5140:ISBN
5111:OCLC
5085:OCLC
5017:OCLC
4983:ISBN
4909:ISBN
4884:OCLC
4861:OCLC
4838:OCLC
4815:OCLC
4790:ISBN
4765:OCLC
4740:ISBN
4708:OCLC
4682:OCLC
4659:OCLC
4636:OCLC
4574:OCLC
4544:ISBN
4519:OCLC
4494:ISBN
4466:OCLC
4440:OCLC
4412:OCLC
4387:ISBN
4357:ISBN
4316:OCLC
4291:ISBN
4239:OCLC
4209:OCLC
4180:ISBN
4146:OCLC
4121:ISBN
4085:OCLC
4060:ISBN
3978:ISBN
3950:OCLC
3898:ISBN
3871:ISBN
3833:ISBN
3799:ISBN
3767:OCLC
3742:ISBN
3715:ISBN
3687:ISBN
3655:OCLC
3627:ISBN
3463:Jews
3442:and
2977:Foot
2967:Cole
2727:and
2673:and
2585:and
2452:Peak
2215:and
1968:and
1867:and
1525:Lula
1440:Nagy
1435:Tito
1400:Blum
1375:Debs
1355:Hong
1340:Roux
1292:West
1247:Ward
1232:Zinn
982:Marx
932:Owen
902:More
654:Arab
580:OGAS
159:The
8167:doi
8140:doi
8081:doi
7979:doi
7941:doi
7501:doi
7333:doi
7293:doi
7251:doi
7198:doi
7121:doi
7022:doi
6964:doi
6911:doi
6854:doi
6793:doi
6666:doi
6595:doi
6361:doi
6191:doi
6153:doi
6078:doi
6017:doi
5979:doi
5921:doi
5791:doi
5546:doi
5268:doi
5047:doi
4947:doi
4601:doi
4022:doi
3927:doi
2397:in
2219:).
1515:Che
1272:Ali
1192:Day
952:Sue
221:or
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