395:), but neither paid her any heed. She, in fear, stated to the officials, "We, mother and son, had been forced by Xiao Han into destruction. But you, lords, are sinless. You should quickly welcome the new emperor to seek your own fortune. Do not worry about us!" The officials were touched by her, and none left. When she subsequently consulted them, some advocated resisting Liu, arguing that if they could hold out for a month, Liao would send reinforcements. Consort Dowager Wang, however, believed that resistance would be useless and that a siege would be disastrous to the people of Kaifeng, and therefore resolved to surrender. She thus had Li Congyi, using the lesser title of Prince of Liang, submit a petition welcoming Liu to Kaifeng, and they moved out of the palace into a private residence.
289:(who was previously a Later Tang general — having married a daughter of Li Siyuan's (sister of Li Congyi's), the Princess of Yan — but who had served Liao ever since his capture by Emperor Taizong in the campaign of Later Tang's destruction) had died by this point, and Emperor Taizong thus wanted to give Princess Yong'an to Zhao in marriage as his next wife. As her mother, Consort Dowager Wang went to Kaifeng for the ceremony. When Emperor Taizong saw her, he, claiming that he and Li Siyuan had previously agreed to be
208:, who was the birth mother of the Princess of Jin, not to join in the mass suicide, but was unable to persuade the empress dowager. The empress dowager, however, urged her to live on, and so she took Li Congyi and Princess Yong'an, and hid in a polo field, while Empress Dowager Cao, Li Congke, Li Congke's immediate family members, and a number of officers loyal to him committed suicide by fire. Shi arrived at Luoyang shortly after and took over the realm.
361:) to Luoyang under the name of the deceased Emperor Taizong, summoning Consort Dowager Wang and Li Congyi to Kaifeng. Consort Dowager Wang and Li Congyi tried to hide themselves at Li Siyuan's tomb, but were discovered by Gao and his soldiers and forced to report to Kaifeng. Once there, Xiao declared Li Congyi emperor and, after leaving some of the soldiers from Lulong Circuit (盧龍, headquartered in modern
265:, took a confrontational stance against the Liao dynasty, initially only referring to himself as "grandson" and not as subject, and eventually went as far as closing the Liao trade office, seizing its assets, and killing Khitan merchants. This led to repeated Liao incursions. In 946, Shi Chonggui launched a punitive expedition, commanded by the generals
203:
after the joint Liao/Later Jin forces defeated the Later Tang forces Li Congke sent against him. The situation at
Luoyang appeared hopeless, and Li Congke prepared for a mass suicide of his family members by fire. Li Congyi's mother Consort Wang (who then carried the title of consort dowager) tried
216:
After Later Jin's takeover of Later Tang territory, Shi
Jingtang created Li Congyi's sister, the Later Tang Princess of Jin, empress. The empress took Li Congyi and Consort Dowager Wang into the palace, personally raised Li Congyi, and honored Consort Dowager Wang like a mother. In 939, Shi Jingtang
167:
Later in 933, Li
Congrong tried to seize power in Li Siyuan's illness, but was defeated and killed. When Li Siyuan died shortly after, Li Conghou succeeded to the throne. Subsequently, Li Congyi's wet nurse Lady Wang was exposed to have had an affair with Li Congrong and put to death. Because of
368:
Consort
Dowager Wang realized that this left her and Li Congyi in a disastrous position, and when the officials left at Kaifeng greeted her, she wept and stated, "We, mother and son, are left in such a vulnerable position, but you, lords, pushed us to this position; this will bring disaster on our
273:, but the Emperor Taizong of Liao defeated and then induced Du and Li Shouzhen to surrender to him. He then attacked south. With nearly the entire Later Jin army given to Du and Li Shouzhen for the expedition, Kaifeng was defenseless, and Shi Chonggui surrendered, ending the Later Jin.L dynasty.
326:
Emperor
Taizong, despite his desire to rule over the former Later Jin realms, treated it poorly, allowing his soldiers to pillage the realm. This led to many armed rebellions against him, and he, troubled by the situation, decided to head back to Khitan territory, leaving his brother-in-law
404:) to Kaifeng with instructions to kill Consort Dowager Wang and Li Congyi. As Consort Dowager Wang was facing death, she wept and stated, "My son was put into this position by the Khitan. What crime did he have to deserve death? Why not allow him to live, such that each year, at
126:
Li Congyi was born in 931. He was Li Siyuan's youngest son, and the only one born after he became emperor. His biological mother was a concubine of Li Siyuan's, but nothing further is known in history about her identity. Li Siyuan gave Li Congyi to his favorite concubine,
261:(who had changed the name of his state to Liao by this point) as a benefactor — going as far as referring to himself as "Son Emperor" and "subject" while honoring the Emperor Taizong of Liao as "Father Emperor" — Shi Chonggui, at the advice of the general
307:, had been Consort Dowager Wang's master, asked her to intercede for him to ask for a military governorship, and she did. Emperor Taizong thus commissioned Liu Suining as the military governor of Anyuan Circuit (安遠, headquartered in modern
179:
and therefore was a brother-in-law — in turn, rebelled against Li Congke, initially declaring that as an adoptive son, Li Congke was unfit for the throne and should pass it to Li Congyi, but shortly after, with the support of the
323:) and created Li Congyi the Prince of Xu. Believing that Li Congyi was still too young, Consort Dowager Wang declined the opportunity to have him report to the post, and took him back to Luoyang.
355:
rebellions already overtaken the realm, if he simply abandoned
Kaifeng, he might be caught in such a disturbance that he could not withdraw safely. He sent the officer Gao Mohan (
331:
in charge at
Kaifeng. He became ill on the way, and died near Heng Prefecture (恆州, in modern Shijiazhuang), plunging the succession into a battle between his nephew
408:, he could sacrifice a bowl of wheat grains to the tomb of Emperor Mingzong?" It was said that whoever heard of what she said were touched to weep for their fate.
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This overture, however, could not save her or Li Congyi. Liu subsequently entered
Luoyang and, receiving the petition, sent his officer Guo Congyi (
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254:. After Shi Chonggui's succession, Consort Dowager Wang and Li Congyi returned to Luoyang and took up residence there.
168:
this, Li
Conghou also suspected Li Congyi's adoptive mother Consort Wang, but did not take further actions against her.
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created Li Congyi the Duke of Xun and had him be in charge of offering sacrifices to five emperors of the
365:, ceded by Shi Jingtang to Liao in appreciation of its support of him) to help defend Kaifeng, departed.
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In 933, Li Siyuan created Li Congyi the Prince of Xu, at the same time that he created his adoptive son
98:(Emperor Mingzong). During the chaos following the destruction of the Later Tang's successor state, the
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221:(which the Later Tang claimed to be the legitimate successor to) and Later Tang —
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After the
Emperor Taizong of Liao entered Kaifeng, he claimed to be the orthodox
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In 934, Li Conghou was overthrown by Li Congke, who took the throne. In 936,
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Shi Jingtang died in 942, and was succeeded as emperor by his nephew
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the military governor of Guide Circuit (歸德, headquartered in modern
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household!" She tried to firm up Kaifeng's defenses by summoning
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of China. He was the youngest son of its second emperor,
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269:(the husband of one of Shi Jingtang's sisters) and
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227:Emperor Taizong of Tang
199:from his power base in
51:Emperor Shizong of Liao
781:Liao dynasty jiedushi
341:Empress Dowager Shulü
299:), whose father, the
223:Emperor Gaozu of Tang
412:Notes and references
241:— at Zhide Palace (
206:Empress Dowager Cao
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106:, a general of the
406:Cold Food Festival
92:Later Tang dynasty
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301:Later Liang
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158:Li Congrong
112:Liu Zhiyuan
47:Preceded by
761:947 deaths
756:931 births
750:Categories
162:Li Conghou
349:Later Han
337:Yelü Lihu
333:Yelü Ruan
193:Later Jin
136:Li Congke
96:Li Siyuan
76:Li Congyi
37:In office
20:Li Congyi
692:, vols.
654:vol. 286
635:vol. 285
619:vol. 281
600:vol. 283
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458:vol. 287
375:Shangqiu
329:Xiao Han
321:Shandong
303:general
104:Xiao Han
682:vol. 15
670:vol. 51
498:vol. 15
433:vol. 51
389:Jiaozuo
363:Beijing
309:Xiaogan
305:Liu Xun
201:Taiyuan
197:Luoyang
80:Chinese
41:947–947
267:Du Wei
237:, and
182:Khitan
82::
393:Henan
379:Henan
313:Hubei
731:947
317:Heze
160:and
710:287
706:286
702:282
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401:郭從義
384:武行德
358:高謨翰
353:Han
296:劉遂凝
244:至德宮
187:'s
153:李從敏
147:李從璋
141:李從溫
84:李從益
752::
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