List of national founders

9104: 4865: 7209: 5722: 2967: 1619: 4557: 4416:(1861–1896) was a Filipino nationalist during the tail end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain. He was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after an anti-colonial revolution, inspired in part by his writings, broke out. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately approved of its goals which eventually led to Philippine independence. He is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines, and is implied by Philippine law to be one of the national heroes. He was the author of the novels 2320: 9350: 8778: 4513: 1426: 6028: 2979: 5732: 2258: 2462: 2101: 3015: 6420: 8387: 3911: 3491: 2609: 9330: 4982: 3264: 1247: 1174: 3359: 1729: 4822: 2765: 6519: 3252: 3539: 3733: 3228: 4800: 6945: 4347: 3559: 187: 89: 3003: 3846: 3124: 4328: 2991: 125: 49: 2517: 4048: 4669: 8182: 1930: 8594: 4121: 3240: 4466: 6930: 2358:). Some historians have suggested a revised definition of the "Founding Fathers", including a significantly broader group of not only the Signers and the Framers but also all those who, whether as politicians, jurists, statesmen, soldiers, diplomats, and ordinary citizens took part in winning U.S. independence and creating the United States of America. 7168:, and statesman. He not only turned Poland into a country comparable to older western monarchies, but he raised it to the front rank of European states. Bolesław conducted successful military campaigns in the west, south and east. He consolidated Polish lands and conquered territories outside the borders of modern-day Poland, including 4741:("reorganization"). Mahmud's reforms included the 1826 abolition of the conservative Janissary corps, which removed a major obstacle to his and his successors' reforms in the Empire. The reforms he instituted were characterized by political and social changes, which would eventually lead to the birth of the modern Turkish Republic. 4195: 7055:. In foreign policy, he placed the interests of his country foremost, even entering into agreements with former enemies. On his death, he left to his sons a country of greatly expanded territory, with a well-established position in Europe. Mieszko I also appeared as "Dagome" in a papal document from about 1085, called " 7356: 8630:

also stands out as a significant founding father as he attended all the Federation Conferences, he gave up 10 years of senior political appointments to travel the country promoting federation and was Australia's first Attorney General. He was instrumental in securing Edmond Barton as the first Prime

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Van Riebeeck was the Dutch colonial administrator who established Cape Town in 1652, and is a significant figure in South African, and especially Afrikaner, history. Many Afrikaners view van Riebeeck as the father of the Afrikaner nation. Van Riebeeck also featured on the reverse of the R20 note,

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There has been no Macedonian state since the days of the Ancient Macedon that was finally abolished in 148 BC and 1945, when Communist Yugoslavia established its constituent republic with such name. It is unlikely that the contemporary Republic of Macedonia founded in 1991, may establish credible

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in 966 put him and his country in the cultural sphere of Western Christianity. According to existing sources, Mieszko I was a wise politician, a talented military leader and charismatic ruler. He successfully used diplomacy, concluding an alliance with Bohemia first, and then with Sweden and the

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Minister while Deakin went on to be Australia's 2nd, 5th and 7th Prime Minister. Deakin was responsible for establishing the High Court, Australian Navy, and many other important acts of parliament. Sir Robert Menzies is on record for saying he was Australia's greatest Prime Ministers.

469: 4719:(1432–1481), was an Ottoman sultan who ruled from August 1444 to September 1446, and then later from February 1451 to May 1481. When he ascended the throne again in 1451 he strengthened the Ottoman navy and made preparations to attack Constantinople. At the age of 21, he conquered 7826:(1599–1600). He is considered one of Romania's greatest national heroes. Since the 19th century, Michael the Brave has been regarded as a symbol of the unity of all Romanians, as his reign marked the first time all states mainly inhabited by Romanians were under the same ruler. 5782:

was the son of Gorm the old and the first to unite Denmark into a single country by uniting the tribes. Harald ruled as king of Denmark from c. 958 – c. 986. He was baptized and the first Christian king of Denmark and helped Christianize the Danes, which is proclaimed on the

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There is no law in the country which officially recognizes a single individual as the "Father of the Nation". Either title may be associated with any of the following prominent historical persons, owing to their impact on the country during their respective times.

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historical link to the medieval Samuel's state. According to Encyclopædia Britannica, Columbia Encyclopedia, Collier's Encyclopedia, the Great Russian Encyclopedia, Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium and the Cambridge Medieval History, Samuel was Tsar of Bulgaria.

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served as first President of Seychelles from 1976 to 1977. He was one of the last White African presidents in the history of Africa. He considered himself the self-proclaimed "Founding Father"; however this title is often attributed to his socialist successor

3771:, is venerated in Korea as the founder of the Korean nation and peoples. His legendary birthday and the day he founded Gojoseon is celebrated as National Foundation Day (개천절), which falls on 3 October. There have been many founders throughout history such as 3654:

party and returned to scientific life. His earlier political activities caused the authorities to view him with suspicion, leading to arrests in 1926 and 1928. In 1926, Bukeikhanov was arrested on the charge of counter-revolutionary activity and put into

1887:(1817–1861) are considered the Fathers of the Country. Duarte is featured on the $ 1 coin and on the now discontinued $ 1 bill; Sanchez on the $ 5 coin and on the also discontinued $ 5 bill; Mella on the $ 10 coin and on the also discontinued $ 10 bill. 726:). By accepting he began the process of uniting Libya under a single monarchy. A constitution was enacted in 1949 and adopted in October 1951. A National Congress elected Idris as King of Libya, and as Idris I he proclaimed the independence of the 390:(var. Amílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral) (1924–1973) was an agricultural engineer, writer, and a nationalist thinker and political leader. He was also one of Africa's foremost anti-colonial leaders. Amílcar Cabral led the nationalist movement of 12514:

For all the salient differences between these three post-Soviet nations, they have much in common when it comes to their culture and history, which goes back to Kievan Rus', the medieval East Slavic state based in the capital of present-day

8921:(1850–1937) is widely revered as the Liberator President who played the chief role in the 1918 melding of Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia and Ruthenia into the Czechoslovak Republic, and who served as President of the Republic from 1918 to 1935. 8698:

for most of the postindependence period until being voted out of office in 1989. Thereafter, national politics was marked by a series of weak, short-lived governments; the presidency tended to be traded among a small number of politicians.

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from 1967, and a full member from 1971 to 1987. During Kunayev's long rule, Kazakhs occupied prominent positions in the bureaucracy, economy and educational institutions. A Brezhnev loyalist, he was removed from office under pressure from

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from 1957 to 1987; during his leadership, he modernized Tunisia, built schools and hospitals, and gave Tunisian women better human rights than other countries, and these rights still continue to be exercised by Tunisian women to this day.

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which officially recognizes any single individual as the "Father of the Nation". Either title may be associated with any of the following prominent historical persons, owing to their impact on the country during their respective times:

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albeit indirectly, with an image of van Riebeeck's landing party (three ships) and the (old) South African Coat of Arms, with the Latin motto "Ex Unitate Vires" – "From Unity, Strength" (also translated as "Unity Creates Strength").

5527:, has been referred to as Father of the Nation due to his campaign for the rights of Croats within Austria-Hungary and his propagation of a Croatian state in a time where many politicians sought unification with other South Slavs. 4864: 4737:(1785–1839) was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. His reign is recognized for the extensive administrative, military, and fiscal reforms he instituted, which culminated in the Decree of 7791:

of Wallachia. Basarab either came into power between 1304 and 1324 by dethroning or peacefully succeeding the legendary founder of Wallachia, Radu Negru, or in 1310 by succeeding his father, Thocomerius. In 1330 he defeated

7696:(as the Greeks called it). Today Viriathus is regarded as a national hero and an enduring symbol of Portuguese nationality and independence, portrayed by artists and celebrated by its people throughout the centuries. 13110: 10858: 10804: 8873:

was strife with tribalism and territoriality, therefore it was implausible for tribes to elect leaders let alone Arabia itself. Yet come Muhammad's death (632), Arabia was unified under one polity and religion.

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as a founder of Pakistan because he provided the Two-Nation Theory which played a central role in the perception of Pakistan and its Muslim nationalist ideology largely based on Iqbal's philosophy and views.

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and spokesman for Polish independence. He was a favorite of concert audiences around the world. His musical fame opened access to diplomacy and the media. Paderewski played an important role in meeting with

4922:. He was accused of espionage and treason and was executed in 1938. Today, Khodjaev is remembered as an important figure in the history of Uzbekistan and as a symbol of the complex relationship between the 1157:

was the main figure involved in spawning and leading the South Sudanese Independence Movement. Even though he did not live to see his country attain independence, he is often regarded as the "Father of the

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in Wales had been figures of national importance in the context of fragmented polities. Scotland and England had a centuries long history of invasion and counter invasion, and the Scottish national heroes

12793: 3663:. But due to the lack of evidence in the criminal case against him, he was released from prison. In 1930, the authorities banished him to Moscow, where he was arrested a final time in 1937 and executed. 2151:(1789–unknown) were the most important figures in Nicaragua's Independence, as they started the first and second transitional governments that declared to the State's Independence from the FRCA in 1838. 9677:(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991). The following internet sources, while not necessarily scholarly, show how widespread this interpretation is. "History," The Egyptian Presidency, 2008, 10777: 10959: 8121:. He was the one to formally declare the independence of Slovenia on 25 June 1991. He is considered one of the founders of Slovenian democracy and independence. He is also considered, together with 2184:

is considered the founder of Paraguay. He was named perpetual dictator as of the country's formation. Although he was the one that ended up ruling the country, Rodríguez de Francia was not the only

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and his descendants ruled Wallachia for more than three centuries. From the middle of the 14th century, some foreign chronicles used derivations of his name: "Basarab", when referring to Wallachia.

4076:), he decided he would like to rule over it. His strategic plan was very successful and his successors continued to build on his progress. Prithvi Narayan Shah's descendants continued to rule over 11866: 10594:...20–րդ դարասկզբի հայոց ազգային–ազատագրական շարժման ականավոր ղեկավար, Վանի ինքնապաշտպանության ղեկավար, 1918թ. մայիսյան հերոսամարերի կազմակերպիչ, Հայաստանի Հանրապետության կերտող Արամ Մանուկյանի... 10290: 6370:(1922–23), in which Collins and Brugha were killed and de Valera defeated. For decades, the inheritors of the opposing factions bypassed these sensitivities to honour the earlier leaders of the 12763: 10939: 4914:, including the establishment of a national theater and the publication of a national encyclopedia. Khodjaev's political career came to an abrupt end in 1937, when he was arrested as part of 10527:

Aram Manukian (1879–1919), a leading member of the Dashnaktustiune, organized the defense of Van in 1915 and Yerevan in 1918. He is considered the founder of the Republic of Armenia in 1918.

8273:, or the liberal statesmen who helped found the modern Swiss Confederation in 1848 can be considered the founders of Switzerland. Among the latter, those who became the first members of the 7832:

was elected as the first leader of the modern Romanian state. He presided over Wallachia and Moldavia in a personal union, which later became permanent even though he was forced to abdicate.

4796:, no single individual is officially recognized as the "Founder of the Nation." However, different figures have been viewed as founders of Uzbekistan during various eras throughout history. 4154:

or spiritual Father, believed to be the first person to propagate the idea of a state for India's Muslims, Fatima Jinnah (Mother of nation) and members of Pakistan's first Cabinet such as

13103: 10620:"...an Armenian national figure like Aram Manukyan, founder of the First Republic," Levon Shirinyan, who holds the chair of politics and history at Yerevan's teacher-training university. 10059: 1645:(1763–1838), known as "Patriarch of Independence", is considered the maximum leader of the independence movement because of his intellectual mentorship and political prominence, and 13148: 4930:. His legacy continues to be debated, with some seeing him as a progressive reformer and others as a Soviet stooge who contributed to the suppression of Uzbek national identity. 13096: 9636: 7255:

to Christianity. His own reign in Poland started in 1399, upon the death of Queen Jadwiga, and lasted a further thirty-five years and laid the foundation for the centuries-long

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statesman, scholar, public figure and one of the founding political leaders of Azerbaijan Republic (1918–1920). His expression "Bir kərə yüksələn bayraq, bir daha enməz!" ("The

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4 Serangkai Pendiri Republik Sukarno pradoks Revolusi Indonesia, hatta jejak yang melampaui zaman, Sjahrir Peran besar Bung Kecil, Tan Malaka Bapak Republik yang Dilupakan

9665:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965); Arthur Goldschmidt, Jr., Modern Egypt: The Formation of a Nation-State (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1988); Albert Haurani, 8765:

is viewed as the "Founding Father" of Papua New Guinea. The leading figure during the country's transition to independence from Australia, he was Papua New Guinea's first

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Khodzhayev's political career was marked by several challenges, including periods of exile and imprisonment. In 1920, he briefly served as the first prime minister of the

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of its power in Egypt. While failing to achieve formal independence for Egypt during his lifetime, he was successful in laying the foundation for a modern Egyptian state.

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Armenia at the crossroads: democracy and nationhood in the post-Soviet era: essays, interviews, and speeches by the leaders of the national democratic movement in Armenia

5292:. His able and energetic rule brought law and order to Bulgaria and developed the rudiments of state organization, thus he is regarded as an important national founder. 4751:. Following the First World War, the huge conglomeration of territories and peoples that formerly comprised the Ottoman Empire was divided into several new states. The 11234: 5276:

the Fearsome (8th century – 814) – prominent ruler of the First Bulgarian Empire. During his reign the Bulgarian territory doubled in size, spreading from the middle

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took place. It consisted of an elaborate set of festivities that took place on 12–16 October 1971 on the occasion of the 2,500th anniversary of the founding of the

11884: 6909: 3994:. After the war, he was appointed to the government of a returning British administration, and was able to negotiate Burma's independence. He helped organized the 12354: 1697:

as Canada's capital city. The political leaders who brought the other provinces into Confederation after 1867 are also referred to as "Fathers of Confederation".

402:. He was assassinated on 20 January 1973, several months before Guinea-Bissau's unilateral declaration of independence. He is considered a founder of Cape Verde. 311:

who were credited with establishing a state. National founders are typically those who played an influential role in setting up the systems of governance, (i.e.,

9895: 1693:, who supported and encouraged this process, is known as the Mother of Confederation. She was the first Monarch under the 1867 Constitution and personally chose 10124: 9408:. Lenin is also considered the founding father of the modern Russian state. He died soon after the country's founding and retained a special status of secular 5772:

can trace his heritage back to Gorm the Old. He is called the founder of the kingdom of Denmark, though at the time he did not control the whole country, only

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forces not only from Argentina but also from Chile and Peru, where he is thus also celebrated as a national hero. One of his most celebrated feats is the 1817

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As the Netherlands did not recognize the proclamation of independence immediately, both of them were prominent figures and were seen as symbol of unity among

13125: 10027: 7584: 9624: 5721: 3970:, he is credited in forming the basic structure of the independence movement and government. Aung San started his political career in 1930 as the editor of 3810:

is known as the founder of the modern state of Kuwait. He was instrumental in moving the country away from the Ottoman Empire and toward British influence.

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have been referred to as the founding fathers of the region comprising modern day Argentina, Chile, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Panama.

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in February 1947, achieving independence for all Burmese territories. However, on Saturday, 19 July 1947, Aung San, along with his cabinet ministers, was

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was a Danish squire and national hero who liberated Denmark, which had been patented away to German barons and landlords. He is known for his killing of

4759:) in 1923. He subsequently introduced many radical reforms with the aim of transforming the old multinational Ottoman state into a new secular republic. 10297: 9222:" for himself, but this was more of a flourish, since Kiev had never formed part of his realm and Moscow would not control the Kievan region until the 1591:

of Belize. He served as head of government of British Honduras, later Belize from 1961 to 1984. Independence from United Kingdom was achieved in 1981.

11279:, "The Emirate of Transjordan was founded on 11 April 1921, and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan upon formal independence from Britain in 1946" 8428: 7767:. He is considered by many Romanians as a national hero. The Dacian Kingdom under Burebista was the greatest territorial extent in Romania's history. 4245: 1230:

was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda to independence from British colonial rule in 1962. Following the nation's independence, he served as

13164: 10693: 9065:, the first kingdom of Korea. The founding date is usually calculated as 3 October 2333 BC; 3 October is a South Korean national holiday known as 10607: 10069: 7743:

is considered the great king who unified all the Dacian tribes. He is also known for creating a powerful empire that stretched from west to the

4755:(1919–1923), initiated by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and his colleagues in Anatolia, resulted in the establishment of the modern Republic of Turkey ( 3380:, the modern ideology that institutionalized the longstanding Jewish desire to return to the homeland, which eventually lead to the founding of 10573: 8727: 4280: 10750: 10106: 7034:(c. 920/45–992), the first historical ruler of Poland, Mieszko I is considered the de facto creator of the Polish state. He was a Duke of the 1921:, a member of Hernán Cortés' group that conquered Mexico, was sent to conquer the area of land below Mexico that is known today as Guatemala. 9866: 6717:

in the turn of the 19th century into the 20th, who participated in every major event leading to the independence of Lithuania, member of the

6073: 4687:. He greatly expanded the Seljuk territory and consolidated his power, defeating rivals to the south and northwest, and his victory over the 962:, were influential in the establishment of Freetown, but it was Peters who is remembered today as the true influential leader and founder of 2157:(1804–1855) is considered as "Founder of the Republic", as he initiated the 1854 Constitution which formally declared Nicaragua a Republic. 1576:

in 1966. He became the country's first prime minister and served two terms (1966–1976 and 1986–1987) and died in office of illness in 1987.

375:, which was written by Sankara himself. In 2023, Sankara was declared the hero of Burkina Faso and the “true” national founder by president 12306: 12006: 7823: 3786:

There is no official founding father of South Korea who is generally accepted nor acknowledged by the government, though some figures like

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system of voting and pushing for universal adult suffrage and other progressive ideals that would become law early in Australia's history.

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are considered to be the fathers of the Romanian people, as Roman veterans were settled on the present-day territory of Romania following

4849:, is considered to be a significant founder of the nation due to his proximity in time to the establishment of the Uzbek state. He was an 11306: 7644: 6042: 3216: 11867:"Când Ștefan cel Mare face politică. Președintele Igor Dodon folosește imaginea domnitorului pentru a promova ideologia moldovenismului" 11755: 11416:

The Oslo Accords: international law and the Israeli-Palestinian peace agreements, By Geoffrey R. Watson, Oxford University Press, 2000,

3398:, Israel's founding ideology. Ben-Gurion lead Israel for a total of thirteen years and is today admired by both the left and the right. 2144: 251: 12886: 10831: 9592:

was treated as a South African founding father by the South African government during the apartheid era, being featured on statues and

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1477) by Blind Harry (fl. 1470–92) mythologized a national founder-hero in decasyllabic couplets mixed with stanzaical, lyrical verse.

11779: 11137: 223: 9704:(accessed 29 October 2008); "Muhammad Ali of Egypt 1805–48: The Father of Modern Egypt," Travel to Egypt – Egypt Travel Guide, 2007, 7376: 2343: 8641:, John Dunmore Lang was a strong advocate of a federation of the Australian colonies as a democratic republic, independent from the 3176:

is considered to be a founding father by some Indonesians, although he had an authoritarian rule during the time of his presidency.

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and for representative self-government; he led the drafting of New South Wales' first self-governing constitution establishing the

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as an independent state. He was first elected to the presidency in June 1991, while the Russian Federation was still a part of the

6689: 6081: 5794: 4291:. Arafat engaged in a series of negotiations with the Israeli government to end the conflict between it and the PLO, including the 1476: 613:

from 1958 to his death in 1984. Touré was one of the primary Guinean nationalists involved in the independence of the country from

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by Hamid Ansari, Institute for Compilation and Publication of the Works of Imam Khomeini, International Affairs Division, , p. 163

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in the 10th century, to be a founding figure and the common ancestor of all Maori. In the 19th century, the Scottish businessman,

5754:, mentioned in medieval Scandinavian texts. He is said to be the progenitor of the nation and the Danish Royal House according to 12436: 9972: 9721: 8610:

is often regarded as the "Father of Federation" in Australia. During the late 19th century, he was the strongest proponent for a

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is a Slovenian politician, legal expert and author. Between 1990 and 1992, he served as the first chairman of the freely elected

7652: 4642: 4621: 3185: 230: 6624:. Additionally, Rugova ruled Kosovo from the 1992 till 2006 as president of the nation, and ever since has been regarded as the 2966: 2169:

became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean (which he called the South Sea and which he claimed for Spain). Then in 1519

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and oversaw the transformation of Russia into a major European power, re-organising the state in the Western style. Founder of

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is particularly noted for his role in securing universal suffrage for the country's population in 1944 along with founding the

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to help settle 1,192 Black Americans who fought for the British in return for freedom. Peters, alongside other Black Americans

487: 340: 24: 10917: 10720: 12803: 12773: 12743: 12716: 12689: 12662: 12600: 12500: 12446: 12404: 11667: 11421: 11401: 11300: 11261: 11094: 10611: 10205: 9771: 8797:, who united his country and established the contemporary Kingdom of Tonga, has been described as Tonga's "founding father". 6091: 5679: 5649: 5175: 2716: 2335: 2314: 1472: 687: 20: 12652: 11474:

Bowering, Gerhard; Crone, Patricia; Kadi, Wadad; Stewart, Devin J.; Zaman, Muhammad Qasim; Mirza, Mahan (28 November 2012).

9679: 5328:, are also considered as having an important role in the formation and strengthening of the Bulgarian state and nationality. 1843:

is considered the Cuban Founding Father. In 1868 he freed his slaves and declared the independence of Cuba, which began the

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from 1960 to 1966. Yaméogo was politically disenfranchised and all of his titles were denounced in 1970 under the orders of

13194: 13034: 12679: 9241: 6671: 6563: 6245: 6241: 5675: 4902:. As Prime Minister, Khodjaev implemented a series of reforms aimed at promoting industrialization and collectivization in 4899: 4880: 3104: 237: 12854: 10365: 9527:(r. 1039–63) was the first Welsh king to rule over the entire territory of Wales, from about 1057 until his death in 1063. 5342:, and although the Empire was disestablished after his death, he is regarded as a heroic ruler in Bulgaria, as well as in 96: 12266: 11177: 11124:

Narrative of Awakening : A Look at Imam Khomeini's Ideal, Scientific and Political Biography from Birth to Ascension

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https://www.africanews.com/2023/10/05/burkina-faso-former-president-thomas-sankara-elevated-to-the-rank-of-national-hero/

9479:(c. 335–388). According to Welsh tradition, Magnus Maximus (Welsh: Macsen-Wledig) was a Roman general who was proclaimed 9385: 8826: 2138: 1291: 11852: 11593: 10883:

The Archbishops of Cyprus in the Modern Age: The Changing Role of the Archbishop-Ethnarch, their Identities and Politics

2592:(Azerbaijani: Məhəmməd Əmin Axund Hacı Molla Ələkbər oğlu Rəsulzadə, Turkish: Mehmed Emin Resulzâde; (1884–1955) was an 2205: 1720:(Trinidad and Tobago: 1911–1981) were the leaders who brought forth regional integration among the Caribbean Community. 13285: 11328: 10659: 9437: 8766: 8134: 7384: 7332: 7302: 7024: 6375: 4688: 4556: 2925: 2903: 2231: 2216: 1557: 1191:

was the main figure involved in achieving Tanzania's independence. He is often regarded as the "Father of the Nation."

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played a major role for Somalia's independence since the 1940s, with two of its members having served as the first two

951: 522: 12820: 12733: 12706: 10335: 9789: 8998:(871–899), who set in motion the unification of the English kingdoms and could also claim to be the nation's founder. 219: 12565: 11925: 11723: 11640: 11581: 11519: 11485: 10975: 10891: 10841: 10814: 10787: 10760: 10730: 10703: 10541:"Արամ Մանուկյանը հայոց մեծ ողբերգության տարիներին [Aram Manukyan in the Years of the Great Armenian Tragedy]" 10520: 10489: 10132: 8130: 7495: 7212: 7095:. The martyrdom of Adalbert in 997 and his imminent canonization were used to consolidate Poland's autonomy from the 6992: 6303:

is commonly regarded as the founder of the nation. He was Hungary's first king and united the Magyar people into the

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was a leading figure of the Belarusian independence movement in the early 20th century and the Prime Minister of the

4638: 4394: 4249: 3702:, which were the first signs of ethnic strife during Gorbachev's tenure. In modern Kazakhstan, this revolt is called 3606: 3391: 2899: 2719: 2355: 2197: 399: 288: 270: 168: 76: 12385:"Uncertain Times: Sailors, Beachcombers and Castaways as "Missionaries" and Cultural Mediators in Tonga (Polynesia)" 12279: 8620:

is another founding father of Australia. He largely wrote the Australian Constitution in addition to developing the

6974: 4887:. He became well known in the early 20th century as an advocate for Uzbekistani independence and as a leader of the 4376: 3588: 2224: 1279:(1916–18) that fairly deserve recognition. Together, in their different capacities, they led the nation to freedom. 150: 13077: 12036: 8081:, a revolutionary who led the struggle for Serbia's liberation and independence from the Ottoman Empire during the 8078: 7490:

and obtaining the explicit inclusion of independent Poland as point 13 in Wilson's peace terms in 1918, called the

6722: 5211: 5031: 5023: 4288: 4085: 4072:. His vision of ruling over a unified Nepal is said to have started when atop a hill near Nepa Valley (Present day 3974:'s newspaper – where he accused one of the colonial administrators in Burma of misconduct. In late 1940 he went to 3695: 2709: 2201: 526: 506: 457: 407: 11674:

On 15 June 1997 Franjo Tudjman, the self-proclaimed "Father of the Nation," was elected for another five-year term

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is generally considered the first King of England, while the modern English polity is often considered founded by

6272: 2133:, as he led the state to independence by revolting against the pro Mexican government in 1823. Later he served as 1884: 1514:

turned soldier who participated in the War of Independence, is regarded as the "Mother of the Homeland" (Spanish:

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in 1829 with his family to join thousands of other African Americans resettled from 1820 based on efforts of the

13225: 12332: 12197: 12153: 12136:"The Federated States of Micronesia Mourns the loss of one of its Founding Fathers: Chief Justice Andon Amaraich" 9980: 9950: 7271:. The reign of Władysław II Jagiełło extended Polish frontiers and is often considered the beginning of Poland's 7228: 7220: 6737: 6661: 6205:, writer and revolutionary who is remembered as a national hero and the first victim of the uprising against the 5709: 4903: 4884: 3458: 796: 683: 13235: 3669:(1912–1993) was a Kazakh Soviet communist politician. He became first secretary of the Central Committee of the 3630:

statesman, politician, publicist, teacher, writer and environmental scientist. He was leader and founder of the

2600:

once raised will never fall!") became the motto of the independence movement in Azerbaijan in the 20th century.

13295: 13245: 13240: 13204: 13199: 12879: 12487: 11511: 9389: 8906: 8661: 8483: 6970: 6901: 6551: 6363: 6003: 5655: 5141: 5120: 4965: 4372: 3933: 3751: 3584: 3414: 3208: 2062: 1642: 1569: 208: 135: 68: 10575:Արամ Մանուկյան. Փաստաթղթեր և նյութերի ժողովածու [Aram Manukian: Collection of documents and materials] 8614:

territories. However, he died before Australia federated, and was never able to see his plan come to fruition.

6803: 4032: 2181: 13260: 13255: 13250: 12371: 10645: 9946: 8577: 8206: 8166: 8154: 7628: 7252: 6579: 6535: 6391: 5705: 5645: 3112: 1821: 1530: 1446: 947: 679: 31: 8898: 8133:

and one of the main persons in the Slovenian fight for independence. The largest Slovenian airport is named

5635: 2319: 2122: 2104: 13230: 13209: 13072: 12981: 12220: 10582: 10496:

Aram pasha, as he was known to friend and foe alike, had been a veritable founder of the Armenian republic.

9299:(died 1305) as one of the founder-heroes of Scotland's struggle to preserve/re-establish independence from 8902: 8460: 8369: 8046: 8042: 7588: 7499: 7456: 6878: 6831: 6316: 5938: 5599: 5299: 4443: 3141: 3085: 2863: 2852: 2823: 2702: 2695: 2573: 2283: 1790: 1260: 610: 12384: 12175: 8072: 6069:(1815–1898), the "Iron Chancellor", engineered the unification of the numerous states of Germany in 1871. 5035: 4488:. He was a military leader, judge and scholar, knight and poet possessing both gallantry and magnanimity. 2017:. Bustamante served as the then colony's first Chief Minister from 1953 to 1955 and later went on to lead 1840: 13088: 11885:"Țepeș, Ștefan cel Mare sau Lăpușneanu. Moldoveni, despre personalități pe care și le-ar dori președinte" 9349: 8958: 8930: 8918: 8846: 7452: 7256: 7232: 6714: 6645: 6543: 5701: 4999: 4961: 4752: 4530: 3967: 3197: 1895: 1829: 514: 10002: 8558:

is considered by historians to have had a crucial influence on the transition of New South Wales from a

6819: 1504: 13290: 11018: 10103: 9436:

second in command in the Soviet Union during Lenin's tenure. He was also nominated for the position of

8365: 8142: 7344: 7267:

Central and Eastern Europe. During his reign, the Polish-Lithuanian state was the largest state in the

7251:, married the young Queen Jadwiga, and was crowned King of Poland as Władysław II Jagiełło. In 1387 he 7115: 6620:

as a key figure, since he was the one that brought an independence movement of Kosovo from the fall of

6249: 5393:. Arguably the best esteemed of all Bulgarian patriarchs, Euthymius was an authoritative figure in the 5365: 5242:. He was a son of Kubrat and started attacking and moving southwest of Old Great Bulgaria, towards the 4938: 4773: 3987: 3975: 3883: 3879: 3337: 3111:

which erupted in 1931 into a full national liberation movement and served as the Prime Minister of the

2166: 2002: 1987: 991: 244: 12076: 10615: 9925: 7368: 5171: 5103:

was a Belarusian poet and writer of the early 20th century, a major writer and one of the founders of

4418: 12899: 12872: 12549: 11989:

Posle četrdeset godina: u spomen proslave četrdesetogodišnjice Sv. Andrejske velike narodne skupštine

11942:"Why did the Norwegian constitution of 1814 become a part of positive law in the nineteenth century?" 11824: 11202: 10395: 9552: 8858: 8845:(629–630) Muhammad took leadership over his tribesmen. Furthermore, Muhammad oversaw delegations and 8170: 7703: 7550: 7525: 7259:. The dynasty ruled both states until 1572, and became one of the most influential dynasties in late 6777: 6706: 6604: 6351: 6232: 6027: 5999: 5829: 5814: 5386: 5007: 4538: 4447: 4292: 4233: 4081: 4017: 3454: 3447: 3219:

which then led to the recognition of Indonesian independence by the Netherlands on 27 December 1949.

2679: 2675: 2665: 2660:. He led Bengali nation to the decade long struggle for independence against then autocratic rule of 2577: 2551: 2524: 2066: 2038: 1680: 1087: 1069: 1054: 860: 710:, (1889–1983) was the first and only king of Libya, reigning from 1951 to 1969, and the Chief of the 11004: 10586: 8455:(both England and Scotland). The sovereign United Kingdom of Great Britain, however, dates from the 7710:, and with the purpose of expanding the territory southwards. And, more importantly, his son, Count 5768:, the first recorded ruler of Denmark, reigning from c. 936 to his death c. 958. The current King 4512: 3750:

was the founder of North Korea. He ruled from 1948 to 1994. After his death, he was declared as the

1971: 1794: 13044: 13014: 13002: 12959: 10545: 10091: 8777: 8242: 8026: 7699: 7487: 7298: 7216: 6955: 6793: 6649: 6237: 5619: 5615: 5595: 5090: 5070: 4357: 4036: 3721: 3569: 3081: 2189: 1929: 1906: 1672: 1668: 1662: 1231: 142: 100: 12473: 11994:да се на престо српски поврати њен ослободилац и оснивалац: Отац Отаџбине, Милош Обреновић Велики, 10940:"India becomes first Asian country to participate as 'Guest of Honour' in international book fair" 8298: 4950: 4744: 4672: 2958:, even though the state has yet to officially confer the title "Father of the Nation" upon anyone. 2298: 2279: 1603: 1014:, who led the country to become one of the most democratic and most economically stable states in 13051: 13039: 13029: 13019: 12789: 12759: 11501: 9976: 9518: 9275: 8638: 8611: 8441: 8270: 8082: 7778: 7286: 6959: 6665: 5942: 5561: 5390: 5361: 5349: 5066: 4501: 4361: 4304: 4253: 3999: 3983: 3717: 3573: 3047: 2758: 2271: 2242: 2148: 2054: 1947: 1876: 1825: 1817: 1741: 1676: 1442: 1430: 1425: 1080: 691: 644: 530: 344: 197: 146: 12303: 11436:

Palestinian Politics after Arafat: A Failed National Movement:Palestinian Politics after Arafat,

11276: 10481: 10474: 10451: 7068: 2978: 1732:

Posthumous (1854) portrait of the Founding Fathers of the Chilean Republic. From left to right:

1636: 13056: 13007: 11393: 10469: 10413: 10265: 9763: 9492: 9279: 9211: 8581: 8494:, Lord Craigavon, considered by unionists to be its founding fathers. The reinstallment of the 8317: 8302: 8198: 8068: 7936:

in 1613. His elevation marked the end of the period of political and civil strife known as the

7899: 7857: 7784: 7648: 7570: 7533: 7415: 7407: 7372: 6220: 6212: 6038: 5911: 5661: 5648:, main patron saint of the country. Anniversary of his murder on 28 September is celebrated as 5624: 5302: 5255: 4300: 4003: 3193: 2921: 2838: 2429: 2134: 2074: 1684: 955: 928: 856: 784: 667: 602: 11657: 11290: 9758:

The Black Loyalists: The Search for a Promised Land in Nova Scotia and Sierra Leone, 1783–1870

8580:, Australia's first parliament. He was among the first colonists to promote a nascent form of 8202: 7851: 7348: 5504: 4853:

leader who consolidated various Uzbek tribes and laid the foundations for their ascendance in

1983: 1813: 1755: 1733: 1650: 315:

form of government, and constitution), of the country. They can also be military leaders of a

13179: 12954: 12914: 11747: 11475: 9582:, its second prime minister, was a prominent advocate of unification and seen in more recent 8400: 8274: 7664: 7462: 7364: 7278: 6478: 6331: 6262:, first head of state of independent Greece (1827–1831) and founder of the modern Greek state 6054: 5986: 5977: 5964: 5923: 5825: 5769: 5375: 5104: 5054: 5019: 4537:, governing for three decades, from 1959 to 1990. Lee has helped to build the economy from a 4431: 4261: 3895: 3406: 3333: 2867: 2649: 2628: 2612: 2589: 2220: 2085: 2070: 2034: 2014: 1802: 1751: 1737: 1561: 1480: 1384: 1207: 1184: 967: 758: 722:, another of the three traditional regions that now constitute modern Libya (the third being 510: 483: 364: 11941: 8245:, can be said to have established Sweden as a nation. Birger was Jarl in the years 1248–66. 7308: 6710: 2847:

is conventionally regarded as having inaugurated dynastic rule in China by establishing the

2722:(altogether known as 'Four National Leaders') and the Liberation Wartime armed forces chief 2170: 1011: 13138: 12939: 12088: 12084: 11825:"Signataras J.Basanavičius – tautos patriarchas, pasilikęs gyventi lenkų užimtame Vilniuje" 11776: 10508: 9583: 9524: 9219: 8910: 8404: 8331: 8209:

was the first to inherit the dynastic union and the first Habsburg monarch. His successor,

8158: 8118: 7793: 7711: 7419: 7414:

and was a distinguished figure on the international scene. He is viewed as a father of the

7391: 7360: 7147: 7009: 6767: 6726: 6718: 6498: 6300: 6259: 6224: 6216: 6012: 5897: 5665: 5664:, politician and historian, influential in Czech National Revival movement, known by title 5576: 5534: 5449: 5371: 5353: 5251: 5235: 5149: 5082: 5058: 4777: 4716: 4652: 4455: 4065: 4061: 4051: 3971: 3875: 3834: 3713: 3515: 3500: 3494: 3062: 2909: 2694:

Apart from the founding leaders, the four key members of the Liberation Wartime government

2493: 2461: 2287: 2010: 1943: 1933: 1450: 1215: 1039: 1031: 995: 778: 715: 38: 12461: 12148: 12110: 9896:"José de San Martín: ¿cómo llegó a convertirse en el gestor de la independencia del Perú?" 9810: 8502:

led to his recognition as the "Father of Scottish devolution" and "Father of the Nation".

8086: 7399: 6789: 6395: 5731: 4942: 4876: 4868: 2441: 1979: 449: 348: 8: 12327: 12245: 12192: 11534: 11178:"international relations :: The Iranian revolution – Britannica Online Encyclopedia" 9521:, "was a powerful symbol of unity and identity, as powerful, indeed, as their language". 9300: 8987: 8617: 8495: 8416: 8361: 8194: 7971: 7917: 7829: 7727: 7290: 7119: 7103:(11 March 1000), which resulted in the establishment of a Polish church structure with a 7100: 7080: 7031: 6933: 6559: 6491: 6327: 6193: 5927: 5568: 5524: 5514: 5413: 5357: 5325: 5306: 5295: 5145: 5003: 4692: 4629: 4182: 4135: 4124: 3666: 3623: 3542: 3511: 3305: 3140:(1869–1948) is considered the father of the nation and the most prominent leaders of the 3054: 2712: 2683: 2559: 2505: 2501: 1975: 1565: 1324: 1268: 1235: 1161: 1042:. There are several murals and monuments dedicated to the SYL's independence movement in 1027: 971: 560: 316: 10633: 8877:

Despite this state not possessing a specific name, it proved to be the platform for the

8054: 7598: 6558:

have been referred to as the "Four Fathers of the Fatherland" for their contribution to

5258:

in 680–681. Modern day Bulgaria is a direct successor of this state. Asparukh's brother

4427: 3478:

is celebrated annually on 11 February in commemoration of the founding of the nation of

2257: 1959: 12633: 12489:

The Origins of the Slavic Nations: Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus

11387: 11210: 11086: 11066: 11038: 10992: 9756: 9593: 9427: 9360: 9312: 9286: 9250: 9223: 9167: 8946: 8938: 8914: 8878: 8870: 8731: 8695: 8601:, colonial Australian politician, premier of New South Wales and "Father of Federation" 8468: 8467:

of Great Britain and Ireland, later Northern Ireland, was created in 1801 by a further

8456: 8347: 8248: 8210: 8063:, revolutionary who led the struggle for Serbia's liberation and independence from the 7994: 7907: 7885: 7760: 7656: 7620: 7546: 7411: 7340: 7197: 7151: 7088: 7084: 7043: 6851: 6751: 6547: 6529: 6522: 6304: 6253: 6228: 6159: 6153: 6008: 5990: 5915: 5893: 5889: 5871: 5671: 5455: 5331: 5321: 5229: 5165: 5133: 5109: 4953:– the first dynasty of Vietnam and laid the foundation to form the country of Vietnam. 4858: 4815: 4284: 4237: 4213: 4202: 3995: 3859: 3849: 3826: 3410: 3289: 2597: 2475: 2465: 2405: 2378: 2351: 2275: 2261: 2246: 2228: 2100: 1824:, First President of the Republic and proclaimed "Founder of the Republic" by Congress 1770: 1599: 1584: 1344: 1211: 743: 648: 533:. British military presence in Egypt ended with nationalisation of Suez Canal in 1956. 336: 8901:, the real unifier of various Slavic tribes in Bohemia and creator of nation was Duke 8694:

dominated the political scene for the first two decades of the republic; he served as

7845: 7707: 6355: 1898:

took this as a cue to declare Ecuador's independence at a junta in Guayaquil in 1820.

1653:, the symbol of the "center of force and union", according to the Bonifácio strategy. 352: 332: 19:"Founding fathers" redirects here. For the founding fathers of the United States, see 12799: 12769: 12739: 12712: 12685: 12658: 12625: 12596: 12561: 12496: 12442: 12400: 12357:"Prime Minister opens student admin building named after him", Divine Word University 12262: 11921: 11797:"Karaliaus Mindaugo paslaptys: nuo gimimo ir karūnavimo – iki charakterio ir mirties" 11729: 11719: 11663: 11636: 11628: 11577: 11515: 11481: 11449: 11417: 11397: 11296: 11257: 11090: 10887: 10837: 10810: 10783: 10756: 10726: 10699: 10667: 10554: 10516: 10485: 10064: 9835: 9767: 9697: 9464: 9459: 9401: 9278:(1058–1093), who was the first king to rule over nearly all Scotland, after annexing 9215: 9207: 9119: 9026: 8850: 8842: 8743: 8634: 8569: 8555: 8355: 8337: 8306: 8278: 8218: 8190: 7895: 7807: 7505: 7403: 7312: 7272: 7240: 7139: 7096: 7092: 7052: 7047: 7020: 6772: 6600: 6592: 6502: 6495: 6296: 6189: 6185: 6066: 6031: 6016: 5981: 5952: 5948: 5919: 5879: 5693: 4846: 4811: 4803: 4625: 4611: 4595: 4591: 4542: 4497: 4469: 4308: 4272: 4257: 4171: 4163: 3803: 3690:, who accused him of corruption. On 16 December 1986 the Politburo replaced him with 3687: 3674: 3343: 3285: 2888:; "Emperor") to reflect his prestigious status vis-à-vis prior rulers, thus becoming 2698: 2547: 2394: 2374: 2362: 2326:, chief among the founders of the United States, called "the Father of his country" ( 2323: 2058: 1918: 1880: 1844: 1646: 1626: 1622: 1498: 1389: 1295: 943: 747: 656: 568: 502: 403: 11505: 8386: 8282: 7800:, and the first independent Romanian state was consequently founded. He founded the 6641: 5065:, is often referred to as the "Father of the Republic" due to his leadership of the 3681:. He kept his position for twenty-two more years. He was an alternate member of the 3518:, until 25 May 1946, after which he was the king of an independent Jordan. He was a 3103:

is considered the father of the nation and one of the most prominent leaders of the

2165:

The first Spanish settlement in Panama was made in 1510. Then on 25 September 1513,

2078: 1798: 799:

was the Nama captain who led the early resistance against Germans in the late 1800s.

387: 376: 12919: 12193:"Fiji's founding father, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, to be buried on home island today" 11689:(Carolina Academic Press, 1994), ch. ix "Theseus:Making the New Athens" pp. 203–222 11058: 11030: 10877: 10217: 9790:"Saint John historian illuminates story of Thomas Peters, prominent black loyalist" 9705: 9669:(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002); Jean Lacouture and Simonne Lacouture, 9605: 9589: 9405: 9393: 9263: 9245: 9237: 9173: 9135: 9022: 9014: 9010: 8995: 8882: 8818: 8437: 8408: 8396: 8351: 8341: 8126: 7959: 7955: 7937: 7925: 7797: 7748: 7723: 7529: 7104: 7035: 7013: 6584: 6555: 6399: 6347: 6284: 6197: 6062: 5779: 5755: 5639: 5564: 5554: 5491: 5461: 5437: 5394: 5339: 5310: 5247: 5116: 5086: 4728: 4634: 4583: 4560: 4462:(1892-1948) served as first President of independent Philippines from 1946 to 1948. 4451: 4435: 4225: 4221: 4175: 4159: 4155: 3807: 3519: 3450: 3387: 3050: 3040: 2877: 2834: 2803: 2768: 2671: 2624: 2508:. Due to this, the Afghan parliament gave him the title of "Father of the Nation." 2386: 2193: 1955: 1865: 1762:(1793–1837) is sometimes considered due to his influence in the 1833 Constitution. 1639:(1467/68–1520) commander of the first Portuguese fleet to arrive in South America. 1630: 1454: 1399: 1354: 1334: 874: 815: 802: 727: 671: 572: 437: 312: 11546:Токушев, Д. "История на българската средновековна държава и право", Сиби, С. 2009 10180: 10154: 9949:(in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Museo Roca - Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas. 8447:

Scotland and England were finally united dynastically rather than militarily, and

7243:

until 1399, and then sole King of Poland. He ruled in Lithuania from 1377. Born a

7196:

affairs. Finally, as the culmination of his reign, in 1025 he had himself crowned

6446:, great Roman general and dictator, extended Roman citizenship to the inhabitants 6387: 5530: 3910: 2558:

where Hayk and his people battled with and were then free from the tyranny of the

2305:. He was a staunch democrat and federalist, opposed to monarchism and centralism. 12964: 12934: 12895: 12553: 12527: 12310: 11987: 11967: 11915: 11783: 11630: 11383: 11251: 10963: 10343: 10110: 9728: 9683: 9563: 9397: 9340: 9296: 9229: 9177: 8886: 8758: 8691: 8562:

to a free settlement and therefore to have played a major role in the shaping of

8548: 8491: 8433: 8403:, William I of England following the Norman Conquest, and from which the present 8375: 8290: 7967: 7943: 7903: 7881: 7839: 7801: 7491: 7448: 7423: 7294: 7268: 6890: 6567: 6419: 6403: 6367: 6085: 5603: 5479: 5467: 5425: 5343: 5314: 5289: 4710: 4167: 4105: 4101: 3776: 3772: 3707: 3678: 3639: 3329: 3325: 3313: 3293: 3281: 3108: 3089: 2734: 2723: 2437: 2050: 2042: 1850: 1526: 1494: 1488: 1404: 1374: 1369: 1349: 1319: 1199: 959: 912: 900: 867: 842: 762: 739: 518: 433: 425:

from 1960 to 1966. The constitution outlines him as being the "Founding Father."

308: 10366:"Statue of Venezuela's founding father unveiled in Tehran in presence of Chavez" 9266:(841–858) who united Pictland and Scotland, around the year 843, when he became 9226:(1667), but Kiev remained an important city in early Slavic history and culture. 8707: 8114: 7616: 5685: 5587: 3490: 3073: 2608: 12986: 10373: 9514: 9476: 9371: 9233: 9189: 9147: 9123: 8962: 8834: 8794: 8781: 8762: 8739: 8657: 8642: 8544: 8517: 8476: 8464: 8448: 8390: 8153:

was the first minister of defense, and played a big role in the development of

8064: 8060: 8050: 8038: 7977: 7963: 7921: 7911: 7764: 7685: 7576: 7562: 7431: 7336: 7282: 7236: 7193: 7150:

as ruler. According to legend, Bolesław chipped his sword when striking Kiev's

7076: 7072: 6835: 6797: 6617: 6506: 6447: 6383: 6379: 6319:

against the Habsburgs, and therefore founder of the modern Hungarian Republic.

6206: 6172: 6130: 6077: 6058: 5995: 5849: 5810: 5697: 5572: 5508: 5431: 5267: 5137: 5094: 5027: 4911: 4839: 4769: 4720: 4656: 4276: 4151: 4142:

or "Great Leader" and Baba-e-Qaum or Father of Nation. He founded not only the

4089: 3991: 3691: 3656: 3631: 3177: 3157: 3137: 3127: 3058: 3014: 2830: 2705: 2479: 2154: 2022: 1759: 1745: 1713: 1709: 1690: 1573: 1508: 1409: 1379: 1276: 1272: 1256: 1250: 1188: 1177: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1073: 1065: 924: 916: 835: 751: 703: 652: 591: 445: 441: 356: 11901: 11181: 11079: 9499:. His mytho-heroic founding of Wales is celebrated in the modern Welsh anthem 8162: 8150: 8146: 8017:, in 301. Tradition holds that he was a stonemason by trade who came from the 7118:, which had tried to claim jurisdiction over the Polish church. Following the 5085:

was a revolutionary, publicist and poet, was one of the leaders of the failed

3394:, and is often considered an important founding figure as well as a leader of 2445: 690:

in 1847. The descendants of Roberts and the African American settlers are the

13279: 12974: 12969: 12949: 12944: 12929: 12629: 12531: 12392: 12314: 11733: 11659:

One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups

11597: 10671: 10637: 10558: 9839: 9540: 9536: 9488: 9480: 9441: 9388:. The party governed the Soviet Union initially through a coalition with the 9267: 9181: 9139: 9127: 8994:. However, his fame is often overshadowed by his predecessor and grandfather 8791: 8676: 8654: 8627: 8487: 8452: 8327: 8138: 8122: 8099: 8018: 8010: 7990: 7981: 7580: 7566: 7558: 7521: 7441: 7437: 7328: 7293:, whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548. In 1569 he oversaw the signing of the 6874: 6683: 6461: 6443: 6371: 6359: 6308: 6202: 5867: 5853: 5841: 5790: 5784: 5759: 5735: 5658:, King of Bohemia, who is known under honorific title Father of the Homeland. 5558: 5537:

1990–99. Sometimes referred to as and self-proclaimed "Father of the Nation".

4995: 4985: 4915: 4907: 4684: 4607: 4575: 4439: 4209: 4198: 3952: 3925: 3830: 3643: 3425: 3395: 3373: 3362: 3297: 3263: 3165: 3100: 3044: 2889: 2793: 2569: 2520: 2433: 2413: 2390: 2327: 1998: 1774: 1717: 1511: 1339: 1300: 1287: 1097: 1006: 978:

ethnicity today and in 2011, a statue was erected in Freetown to honour him.

640: 625: 621: 587: 548:

from 1745 to 1780. He is considered to be the first King of modern Eswatini.

498: 491: 472: 391: 11715:

Understanding nationalism : studies in Icelandic nationalism, 1800–2000

9709: 9673:, trans. Francis Scarfe (New York: Criterion Books, 1958); P.J. Vatikiotis, 7347:. As Supreme Commander of the Polish National Armed Forces, he led the 1794 6583:(the Constituent Assembly of 1946–1947) are considered the "fathers" of the 4946: 4413: 4331: 3192:

on 17 August 1945. A day later, they were elected respectively as the first

1246: 682:. In 1839, Roberts became Liberia's lieutenant governor and afterwards, its 655:

in 1963. He was the preeminent political figure for independence during the

12924: 12828: 12135: 11333: 9596:(although the likeness was erroneous and was actually that of another man). 9496: 9444:

during the succession struggle, exiled and eventually assassinated in 1940.

9415: 9381: 9336: 9218:

from 1547 until his death in 1584. Ivan also claimed the historical title "

9092: 9066: 9018: 8866: 8825:. This feat in and of itself was unheard of, as the city consisted of both 8607: 8598: 8559: 8521: 8499: 8407:

continue to assert descent. The first Monarch to unite all of Scotland was

8286: 8022: 7985: 7933: 7878: 7744: 7569:

in Upper Silesia before the war and sought to join Silesia to Poland after

7542: 7355: 7264: 7177: 7057: 6859: 6747: 6675: 6574: 6486: 6482: 6457: 6163: 5960: 5956: 5934: 5765: 5725: 5591: 5546: 5473: 5443: 5407: 5243: 5132:

Though there is no official founding father of Belgium, the leaders of the

5100: 5062: 4981: 4927: 4923: 4892: 4526: 4516: 4473: 4459: 4312: 4296: 4229: 4212:

has been considered by some commentators as being the "founding father" of

4147: 4139: 3921: 3914: 3787: 3720:

following its independence from the Soviet Union in December 1991. In 2010

3647: 3321: 3145: 3077: 3032: 2844: 2797: 2531: 2483: 1857: 1705: 1553: 1541: 1467: 1434: 1364: 1329: 1227: 1142: 1092: 963: 920: 894: 849: 805:

was the founder of the first rudimentary state in the territory of Namibia.

790: 719: 629: 564: 486:(1769–1849) is the Father of Modern Egypt, being the first ruler since the 368: 30:"Founding Father" redirects here. For the short story by Isaac Asimov, see 13118: 12864: 10224:[History of the Legislative Organ of the Republic of El Salvador] 9871: 9778:, originally published by Longman & Dalhousie University Press (1976). 9329: 9271: 7718:

who took control of the county after Henry died and was recognized by the

7498:

and also Poland's foreign minister in 1919, and represented Poland at the

7135: 7039: 4842:

and made significant contributions to the development of Uzbek Statehood.

4194: 3358: 1728: 1533:

from 1967 to 1992. Independence from United Kingdom was achieved in 1973.

686:(1841–1848). He is known as the father of Liberia and officially declared 11434: 11353: 11142: 9824:"Julius Nyerere, Ujamaa, and Political Morality in Contemporary Tanzania" 9575: 9504: 9454: 9006: 8979: 8934: 8747: 8723: 8715: 8510: 8294: 8265: 8238: 8157:, together with Janez Slapar who was the first chief of staff. The first 7681: 7624: 7554: 6807: 6292: 6149: 6050: 5885: 5857: 5689: 5419: 5317:

called him one of the greatest persons in history. His son and grandson,

5050: 4919: 4854: 4821: 4408: 4335: 4303:. In 1994, he returned to Palestine and promoted self-government for the 3821:

is widely considered a founding father of the Lao people. In present-day

3747: 3635: 3402: 3204: 3189: 2895: 2871: 2859: 2848: 2783: 2764: 2687: 2469: 2089: 2046: 1861: 1497:, another important leader of the War of Independence and creator of the 1154: 1102: 888: 863:

from 1957 to 1966. Independence from United Kingdom was achieved in 1960.

828: 418: 11853:"Descălecatul (întemeierea) Moldovei. Bogdan I, primul domn al Moldovei" 9823: 8479:

is generally considered the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

8444:, asserting Scottish nationhood and sovereignty, date from that period. 8103: 7860:

was King of Romania when the country gained Transylvania and Bessarabia.

7142:. In the summer of 1018, in one of his expeditions, Bolesław I captured 6705:, is seen as the founder of the Lithuanian state, as is commemorated on 6072:

Modern, democratic Germany was decisively shaped by the "Fathers of the

5678:, which independence on 28 October 1918 is today celebrated as factical 5378:

between 1375 and 1393. Regarded as one of the most important figures of

2757:

According to local historiography, the country of Brunei was founded by

1173: 761:, who secured Moroccan independence in 1956, declared himself the first 12637: 12617: 11450:"Turkey – Location, Geography, People, Economy, Culture, & History" 11070: 11042: 9708:(accessed 29 October 2008); "Muhammad Ali of Egypt," Answer.com, 2008, 9484: 9409: 8735: 8621: 8573: 8424: 8025:(modern Croatia), fleeing persecution for his Christian beliefs in the 8014: 7632: 7517: 7513: 7478: 7444: 7395: 7247:, in 1386 he converted to Catholicism and was baptized as Władysław in 7165: 7161: 7156: 7123: 6858:, is known as the father of the Netherlands. He led the Dutch in their 6839: 6621: 6288: 5743: 5550: 5485: 4835: 4793: 4781: 4706: 4680: 4579: 4546: 3966:(also known as Myanmar). Although he did not live to see the country's 3627: 3546: 3301: 3169: 3036: 2951: 2682:

are considered as three primary founders of Bangladesh, who shaped the

2657: 2616: 2593: 2370: 1394: 1359: 1137: 1132: 1127: 881: 774: 576: 541: 453: 395: 9374:– Officially one among many equal founders of the country, Lenin was, 7131: 6196:

who contributed to the country's national awakening leading up to its

4998:(24 January 1844 – 26 January 1919) was a distinguished leader of the 3538: 3251: 2367:

Seven Who Shaped Our Destiny: The Founding Fathers as Revolutionaries,

2061:(1770–1814), Leonardo Bravo (1764–1812), Miguel Bravo (unknown–1814), 1072:, in office from 1994 to 1999. He led the negotiations, together with 372: 11801: 11713: 10957:

Nagaland CM inaugurates Multi Media Exhibition at World War II museum

9977:

Museo Nacional del Cabildo de Buenos Aires y de la Revolución de Mayo

9579: 9510: 9500: 9419: 9163: 8975: 8563: 7874: 7811: 7770: 7752: 7740: 7677: 7602: 7474: 7320: 6702: 6632:

to which now 97 nations have recognised Kosovo as of September 2021.

6276: 6045:

sought out multiple legendary founders of the German nation, such as

5178: 4891:. This movement aimed to modernize and secularize Islamic society in 4734: 4564: 4534: 4520: 4073: 4047: 3948: 3732: 3703: 3682: 3651: 3527: 3212: 3181: 2745:. He established the dual system of shared power between secular and 2543: 2409: 2265: 2114: 1786: 1107: 1043: 1035: 711: 556: 545: 360: 12821:"Suid-Afrikaanse Rand South African Rand Old Rand Notes (1970–1994)" 11062: 11034: 10414:"Francisco de Miranda and Andrés Bello lectures at The Bolívar Hall" 9754:

Walker, James W (1992). "Chapter Five: Foundation of Sierra Leone".

8181: 7592: 7248: 7127: 6944: 6897:

and ruled c. 872–930, is often considered the founder of the nation.

4799: 4529:(1923–2015), often referred to by his initials "LKY", was the first 4346: 3558: 2924:

in AD 1940. Today, he is still officially recognized as such in the

2448:

as the founding father of modern democratic-dictatorship Venezuela.

2234:. This is why he is often considered the father of modern Paraguay. 1465:

in Spanish) is commemorated as a national holiday. One of the main

186: 153:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 11917:

Politics, Power and the Struggle for Democracy in South-East Europe

11829: 10032: 9432: 9423: 9376: 9356: 9115: 9062: 7815: 7719: 7689: 7636: 7509: 7482: 7470: 7260: 7169: 7038:

from about 960 until his death. Mieszko I's marriage in 965 to the

6905: 6834:(1747–1830) acquired de facto independence for Montenegro from the 6518: 6453: 6423: 6335: 6046: 5907: 5863: 5580: 5382: 5379: 5259: 5239: 5203: 5191: 4738: 4724: 4696: 4617: 4550: 4143: 4128: 4028: 3959: 3929: 3899: 3863: 3853: 3845: 3768: 3523: 3227: 3156:

The 4 general founders of Indonesia are generally considered to be

3066: 2807: 2772: 2746: 2661: 2640: 2555: 2539: 2487: 2425: 2382: 2128: 2110: 1549: 1308: 1271:

from 1964 to 1991. However, there are important personalities like

939: 501:(1859–1927), was a politician who served in many ministries of the 12560:. Oxford Reference. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 130. 12007:"Governor, soldier, spy: Uncovering the history of Arthur Phillip" 11629:

Predrag Matvejević; Vidosav Stevanović; Zlatko Dizdarević (1999).

9701: 5517:

is celebrated as the first king of Croatia and the founder of the

4327: 3507:

realm from 11 April 1921 until his assassination on 20 July 1951.

3439: 3123: 9899: 9700:. "Muhammad Ali of Egypt 1805–48," Egypt: a Country Study, 1990, 9513:(c. 880–950) was responsible for the codification of traditional 9232:, Tsar from 1682, officially proclaimed the establishment of the 9197: 9193: 9143: 9131: 9107: 9042: 8983: 8942: 8941:

on 30 May 1967 after he seceded the predominantly Igbo region of

8881:(632–661) to eventually look beyond the Arabian Peninsula to the 8821:(570–632) assumed political leadership over Yathrib, present day 8719: 8412: 8252: 7951: 7891: 7835: 7788: 7466: 7427: 7324: 7189: 7185: 7181: 7173: 7164:

sword of Poland's kings. Bolesław I was a remarkable politician,

7112: 7108: 6430: 6280: 6136: 6105: 6101: 5773: 5751: 5281: 5039: 4989: 4702: 4268: 4007: 3963: 3891: 3818: 3638:

in the Kazakh political scene who were promoting the idea of the

3377: 3180:

is generally considered as one of the more democratic founder of

3173: 3161: 2535: 2421: 2347: 2302: 2018: 2006: 1782: 1607: 1304: 1203: 987: 908: 822: 675: 521:

convince the British to grant Egypt independence with a friendly

12058: 10872: 10870: 10222:"Historia del Órgano Legislativo de la República de El Salvador" 7557:

was contested by Germany and Poland. Korfanty fought to protect

7061:", which mentions a gift or dedication of Mieszko's land to the 6929: 4434:

in 1896, which saw armed resistance against the Spanish Empire.

3211:

from 1945 to 1949. In August 1949, Hatta headed a delegation to

3002: 2516: 9578:

was the first Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa, and

9201: 9052: 9038: 8991: 8822: 8811: 8234: 8214: 8201:, unified Spain in the 15th century. Both came from the noble 7929: 7774: 7756: 7693: 7640: 7610: 7316: 7315:, statesman, and military leader who became a national hero in 6894: 6862:

against Spain for their independence. Today he is often called

6815: 6629: 6168: 6140: 6129:, who gives his name to both the people and the country in the 6126: 6122: 5901: 5746:(or Halfdan) is the name of the legendary earliest king of the 5629: 5277: 5263: 5225: 5207: 4850: 4807: 4748: 4668: 4648: 4316: 4241: 4024: 3979: 3791: 3780: 3764: 3736: 3699: 3660: 3504: 3381: 3366: 3309: 2929: 2811: 2742: 2632: 2563: 2417: 2209: 1909:

is considered to be the "Father of the Salvadoran Fatherland".

1778: 1694: 1307:(Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front), who ruled 1264: 1015: 723: 614: 606: 468: 12818: 12738:. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Prentice Hall. p. 162. 8593: 5069:, and for playing a decisive role in establishing the present 4586:(1883–1952) is widely known as the modern (post independence) 4120: 3924:(c. 1162–1227), who by uniting the nomadic tribes founded the 3862:(1903–1990) usually known as "the Tunku" (a princely title in 3724:

named him Елбасы (Elbasy) which means "Leader of the Nation".

2990: 1950:(1758–1806) were revolutionary and early political leaders of 1164:

serves as first President of South Sudan from 2011 to present.

525:

and in 1922, Egypt was proclaimed an independent kingdom, the

10867: 10540: 9867:"¿Por qué San Martín es considerado el "Padre de la Patria"?" 9661:

The 'Father of Modern Egypt' school includes: Henry Dodwell,

9159: 9095:

is not celebrated and recognized at all, unlike South Korea.

8862: 8854: 8838: 8830: 8815: 8785: 8420: 7870: 7244: 6811: 6755: 6679: 6438: 6145: 5845: 5798: 5747: 5285: 5219: 4888: 4831: 4825: 4485: 4217: 4077: 4069: 4055: 3887: 3740: 3479: 3131: 2955: 2933: 2787: 2738: 1951: 1937: 1529:

is considered the "Father of the Nation". He served as first

1484: 707: 11049:

Charles Bidien (5 December 1945). "Independence the Issue".

9440:

on several occasions by Lenin. Trotsky was outmaneuvered by

8679:

is widely viewed as the "Founding Father" of an independent

8486:

operated largely autonomously from London, with the leaders

8125:, as the main author of the current Slovenian constitution. 3990:. Later, he switched sides to the Allies, and helped in the 2761:, later to be Sultan Muhammad Shah, reigning around AD 1400. 2554:

to have established Armenia as a home for his people around

2369:

identified the following seven figures as the key founders:

2037:

of Mexico issued in 1822 and 1823, the Mexican founders are

793:

is considered by many as the Father of Namibian Nationalism.

355:

as the national founder. In 1984, president of Upper Volta,

11507:

The World of the Huns: Studies in Their History and Culture

10264:. MX: H. Congreso de la Unión, México. 2008. Archived from 10131:. Georgetown, Guyana: Government of CARICOM. Archived from 10068:. San Pedro Town, Belize. 19 September 2011. Archived from 9558: 9185: 8711: 8680: 8672: 8321: 7998: 7947: 7537: 7143: 7062: 6434: 5875: 5335: 5318: 5273: 5238:(around 640–701) is the most venerated national founder of 5215: 5152:, were key figures in the independence of Belgium from the 4879:

was the founder of modern Uzbekistan. He first head of the

4484:

Sheikh Jassim Bin Mohammed Bin Thani is the founder of the

4465: 4109: 4013: 3822: 3482:

and the ascension of Emperor Jimmu to the imperial throne.

3347: 3239: 2444:

as the founding father of modern democratic Venezuela, and

1461:) and the date of his death (or "Passage to Immortality"; " 12593:

Trotsky's future. Brotherstone, Terence; Dukes, Paul,(eds)

10515:. Watertown, Massachusetts: Blue Crane Nooks. p. 19. 9586:

as the Union of South Africa's greatest historical leader.

8013:

was the founder of the world's oldest surviving republic,

7651:

he arrived in France in July 1918, where on behalf of the

6366:

were key leaders. However, they became antagonists in the

5797:

in 1340, and in doing so returning control of Jutland and

4834:

is widely regarded as the main historical hero for modern

2726:

are hailed as vital figures in Bangladesh's independence.

2639:) under a single politico-social and linguistic identity ( 1758:(1785–1821) are usually considered the founders of Chile. 787:

was the iconic figure of the Namibian Liberation struggle.

750:, which rules the country to this day, was established by 12416:

Peter Lyon (1991). "Tonga: Two contemporary tendencies".

11902:

Small Planet Named After Willem the Silent, Astronomie.nl

11748:"LaGrandeBiblioteca.com is available at DomainMarket.com" 10698:. The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press. p. 62. 9675:

The History of Modern Egypt: From Muhammad Ali to Mubarak

9184:

valley and later moved his capital to the more strategic

9176:, Rurik's kinsman and successor; extended his realm from 9126:

in the area. The Seljuk dynasty had established both the

8833:

pagans. Alongside consolidating his power in Medina, the

8498:

as a devolved institution in 1999 under the influence of

8237:

had existed as a monarchy of sorts long before his time,

7607:

Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland

7138:, and Bolesław formally repudiated paying tribute to the 6912:

from most of the country, in Norway often referred to as

6505:, thus securing the independence of the Northern Italian 5963:, and the founder and first president (1959–1969) of the 4594:(1896–1981) was the first Constitutional President while 2814:

in 1953 and is regarded as the nation's founding father.

2749:

leadership that continues as a tradition to the present.

714:

Muslim order. Idris as-Senussi proclaimed an independent

651:(1964–1978) of the Republic, after independence from the 12495:. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 10–15. 11473: 10606:

Harutyunyan, Arpi; Barseghyan, Haykuhi (16 March 2012).

10036:. Belize City, Belize. 23 September 2011. Archived from 8415:

was brought under Norman English dominion in 1189 under

7854:

established the foundation of the modern Romanian State.

7848:

established the foundation of the modern Romanian State.

7200:. He was the first Polish ruler to receive the title of 6723:

16 February 1918 declared Lithuania an independent state

6692:

drafted the first constitution of Lichtenstein, in 1818.

6485:

and laid the foundation for the Christianisation of the

4500:, also known as Ibn Saud, is the founding father of the 2408:(1783–1830) is considered to be the founder not only of 2212:

alongside Francia, shortly before being deposed by him.

1805:

were the most relevant statesmen of the First Republic.

1057:

was the founder and first prime minister of Somaliland.

590:(1909–1972) led the nation to its independence from the 11752:

LaGrandeBiblioteca.com is available at DomainMarket.com

11477:

The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought

6152:(508/7 BC), inventors of democracy and founders of the 5262:

stayed ruling the core territories to the north, while

4747:(1881–1938) was the founder and first president of the 4319:

who symbolized the national aspirations of his people.

2822:

For a list of founders of major Chinese dynasties, see

1475:, San Martín played a crucial role in the expulsion of 13119:

Lists of people considered founders by specific groups

10695:

The Yellow Emperor's Inner Transmission of Acupuncture

9426:, commissar for foreign affairs, key organiser of the 9146:

unified the beyliks under one banner, proclaiming the

8800: 7659:(from the color of its French uniforms, also known as 7647:(ZHP), and a political and social activist. After the 6701:

The first and the only king (1251–1263) of Lithuania,

5222:

or Irnik (the second name mentioned in the Nominalia).

5206:(?–453? AD), who researchers claim to be the mythical 2500:

However, the founding father of modern Afghanistan is

2025:

in 1962, becoming the country's first Prime Minister.

2013:

was an influential union leader and as founder of the

1487:

from present-day Argentina to present-day Chile, in a

632:

was the first general secretary of the African Union.

23:. For the founding fathers of the European Union, see 10918:"Turkey remembers founding father of Northern Cyprus" 10833:

Mao Zedong: Founder of the People's Republic of China

10605: 10441:(New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009). 10028:"Respect to Father of the Nation, George Cadle Price" 8913:" in the Czech Republic, because during his time the 8551:

and founder of the first British colony in Australia.

8255:

in 1523, is often considered a father of the nation.

5002:

at the beginning of the 20th century, founder of the

4578:

is considered to be the first King of Sri Lanka with

4438:(1869–1964) Military Leader with the highest rank of 4267:

Beginning from 1983 onwards, Arafat based himself in

4031:. On 1962, 15 years after the independence, he led a 3188:, proclaiming the independence of Indonesia from the 2937: 2907: 2875: 12138:, Government of the F.S. Micronesia, 28 January 2010 9663:

The Founder of Modern Egypt: A Study of Muhammad Ali

7410:(from 1920). From World War I he had great power in 7065:(the act took place almost a hundred years earlier). 6374:

of 1916, in particular the seven signatories of the

5900:(774–814); considered as a major founding figure of 3928:, is generally regarded as the father of modern-day 3318:

2,500th year of Foundation of Imperial State of Iran

1449:(1810–1818) in Argentina, where he is known as the " 319:

that led to the establishment of a sovereign state.

12526: 11711: 9973:"María Remedios del Valle, la "Madre de la Patria"" 9637:"Congo Celebrates 50th Anniversary of Independence" 8660:is regarded as "one of the founding fathers of the 8588: 8378:is the First President of Ukraine elected in 1991. 8089:

and bears the honorific title Father of the Nation.

8075:

and bears the honorific title Father of the Nation.

7663:). For the next few months his army, allied to the 3328:. The intent of the celebration was to demonstrate 1687:. There were 36 original Fathers of Confederation. 428: 211:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 11985: 11292:Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture 11078: 10476:The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919 10473: 10452:"The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency" 10113:. Access History Web Company: The History Project. 10060:"Father of the Nation, George Cadle Price, passes" 9922:"When the "Hannibal of the Andes" Liberated Chile" 9755: 8471:- up to that point Great Britain and Ireland were 7605:politician, journalist, and Prime Minister of the 5700:, was the last (and first democratically elected) 5602:(1983–2005), is considered the founding father of 4035:that brought him to power. Ne Win established the 3088:(1983–2005), is considered the founding father of 2656:, is considered by many as the founding father of 2478:(1723–1773) unified the Afghan tribes and founded 2354:and took part in framing or drafting the proposed 2208:and Vicente Ignacio Iturbe. Yegros also served as 12681:Molotov and Soviet Government: Sovnarkom, 1930-41 12438:Byzantium and the Turks in the Thirteenth Century 12221:"Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara – prime minister of Fiji" 11367: 10912: 10910: 10608:"Derision at "Servile" Putin Fan Club in Armenia" 10571: 9762:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 9608:was the founder of Zaire and its only president. 9495:ruler of Britain and the western portions of the 9315:, often referred to as the "Father of the Nation" 9204:all have Kievan Rus' as their cultural heritage). 8649: 7706:of Portugal as a reward for military services to 7418:re-established in 1918, 123 years after the 1795 7154:. Later, in honor of this legend, a sword called 6652:, as being the founding father of modern Latvia. 5933:Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, later known as Emperor 4780:by joining the seven independent emirates into a 4695:, in 1071, ushered in the Turkoman settlement of 4271:and switched to a tactic of negotiating with the 2870:and formed the first unified Chinese empire, the 2249:led Peru to independence and forged the country. 1828:, President during Costa Rica's campaign against 1606:(1795–1830) are considered to be the founders of 1568:(serving from 1961 to 1966). He lead Barbados to 1238:from 1966 to 1971, then again from 1980 to 1985. 13277: 10642:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh 9706:http://www.travel-to-egypt.net/muhammad-ali.html 9214:(also Prince of Novgorod) from 1533 to 1547 and 8637:. Although passing away over two decades before 7371:(behind Paderewski), future second President of 7099:. This perhaps happened most clearly during the 5930:and established many modern French institutions. 5360:are the three brothers tsars that reestablished 3874:(Father of Malaysia), was Chief Minister of the 3332:to showcase its contemporary advancements under 2615:is considered by many as the founding father of 2084:Nine of the thirteen founders are buried in the 456:are all considered "Fathers of Independence" in 11500: 11249: 11138:"Als der Schah zur größten Party auf Erden lud" 9787: 9240:, and himself its first emperor. He instituted 9138:, with the first one being responsible for the 8516:Vatican City took on its modern form under the 8423:was subdued between 1093 and 1293; before this 6628:, and led to further independence in 2008 from 4675:, the founding father of the Republic of Turkey 4598:(1906–1996) was the first Executive President. 3951:is considered to be founder of ancient Burmese 3469: 3436: 2490:, where he is fondly known as Ahmad Shah Baba ( 2412:, but of many of the region's countries as the 1832:, proclaimed "Hero and Liberator" by Congress. 1076:, to racially integrate and unite the country. 718:in 1949. He was also invited to become Emir of 16:List of people credited with creating the state 12397:Oceanic Encounters: Exchange, Desire, Violence 12176:"Biography on Fiji's founding father released" 11913: 11048: 10907: 10876: 10206:es:República Dominicana#Independencia nacional 8990:as opposed to his previous title, King of the 8897:Although the first known ruler of Bohemia was 8728:Declaration of the Independence of New Zealand 8358:against the Commonwealth and the Polish king. 7842:that obtained the independence of the country. 6616:It is likely that the Kosovo Albanians regard 6450:, therefore extending it to the whole of Italy 6299:from the ninth century until 1301. In Hungary 6256:(President of the Executive) of Modern Greece. 4582:honored as the first king to unify Sri Lanka. 4088:toppled the constitutional power exercised by 3463: 3430: 1501:, is also widely regarded as a national hero. 513:, but returned to Egypt to participate in the 13104: 12880: 12615: 11965: 11655: 11017: 10685: 10094:. Collections Canada: Canadian Confederation. 10003:"Celebrating The Life Of Errol Walton Barrow" 9893: 9253:was the first Christian Prince of Kievan Rus. 7966:in 1721, inaugurating the imperial period of 6838:and created the first Montenegrin law in the 5874:(509–511); united all the Frankish tribes in 5696:that in 1989 toppled the Communist system in 5168:was the founder of the first Bosnian Kingdom. 4504:. He served as first King from 1932 to 1953. 4146:but is credited for creating an entirely new 3982:to receive military training, and he led the 3936:, Genghis Khan's reputation surged after the 2943: 2915: 2883: 1445:was one of the most important figures of the 475:is seen as the founder of independent Egypt. 12731: 12590: 12434: 12033:"RBA: Sir Henry Parkes Biographical Summary" 11740: 11167:Achaemenid dynasty (i. The clan and dynasty) 11158: 9947:"Manuel Belgrano, de líder a héroe nacional" 9854:San Martin: Argentine Soldier, American Hero 9270:, as opposed to his previous title, King of 9070: 9056: 9046: 7367:(next to Piłsudski in the a civil coat) and 6460:for the first time an administrative region 6338:, restored as a legislative branch in 1875. 5305:in 864, a significant event that shaped the 5181:who fought for an autonomous Bosnian State. 4264:during the second half of the 20th century. 4181:Some historians credit the Muslim reformist 4150:. Other prominent founders include the poet 2786:was the founder of ancient Khmer kingdom of 1962:were also important figures of early Haiti. 12894: 12595:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 238. 12141: 11662:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 198. 11392:. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 11129: 10468: 10216: 9110:, the founding father of the Turkish Empire 9076: 8945:from the rest of the country, sparking the 7645:the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association 7455:movement. He was represented Poland at the 6973:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 6682:which would eventually form the modern day 6076:" in the 1948 Constitutional Convention at 5089:1863 – 1864 on the territory of the former 4768:Initially independent emirates part of the 4375:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 3794:are proposed as the father of his country. 3587:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2906:. He was officially conferred the title of 2668:and the independence of Bangladesh in 1971. 1060: 563:during the 10th century B.C (975–950 B.C). 413: 77:Learn how and when to remove these messages 13111: 13097: 12887: 12873: 12415: 12320: 12280:"Declaration of Independence | NZ History" 11702:, London: Overlook Duckworth, 2011 p. 130. 11295:. Columbia University Press. p. 396. 11282: 11243: 11135: 10752:Encyclopedia of China: History and Culture 10725:. Cambridge University Press. p. 10. 10722:The Cambridge Illustrated History of China 10719:Ebrey, Patricia; Liu, Kwang-Ching (2010). 10507: 10480:. University of California Press. p. 9875:(in Spanish). Buenos Aires. 17 August 2023 9722:Joseph Roberts, Liberia's first President! 9274:. However, his fame is partly eclipsed by 9025:and unified the islands, beginning modern 8714:, a mythologised figure who led the first 8451:was regarded by some as the first king of 5228:(606–665) was the founder of the powerful 4092:, before abolishing the monarchy in 2008. 3405:, who became a war hero and symbol of the 2542:) and occasionally as the ancestor to all 2440:of the country. Scholars credit president 2005:. Manley also served as Chief Minister of 1210:in 1956 as prime minister, then abolished 730:as a sovereign state on 24 December 1951. 605:(var. Ahmed Seku Turay) (1922–1984) was a 579:is the founder of modern Ethiopian state. 12768:. London: Penguin. pp. 84 & 86. 12704: 12538:. Thomas Nelson and Sons. pp. 42–43. 9710:http://www.answers.com/topic/muhammad-ali 8475:two separate kingdoms in personal Union. 8251:, who secured Sweden's independence from 7884:, established the first Russian state in 6993:Learn how and when to remove this message 5159: 5038:, which gave them joint sovereignty over 4683:(1029–1072) was the second Sultan of the 4395:Learn how and when to remove this message 4256:organization which engaged in a numerous 4244:. From 1969 until 2004, he served as the 4104:changed the name of the country from the 4068:, and is considered to be the founder of 3607:Learn how and when to remove this message 2833:is revered as the legendary initiator of 2534:is considered the traditional founder of 2432:led the separation of Venezuela from the 1259:(1924–2021) is the prominent icon in the 1049: 371:as well as adopting the national anthem, 339:, being appointed in 1958 and became the 289:Learn how and when to remove this message 271:Learn how and when to remove this message 169:Learn how and when to remove this message 12711:. New York, Vintage Books. p. 135. 12654:The Rise and Fall of Communism in Russia 12618:"We Are Starting to Learn about Trotsky" 12558:The Oxford Companion to Scottish History 12391:Margaret Jolly, Serge Tcherkézoff & 11196: 11023:Royal Institute of International Affairs 10718: 10323:The fall of the royal government in Peru 10104:Canada History: Fathers of Confederation 9569: 9559:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 9546: 9306: 9114:By the end of the 14th century, most of 9102: 8776: 8592: 8566:society in the early nineteenth century. 8385: 8180: 7877:prince and the legendary founder of the 7545:leader, known for organizing the Polish 7354: 7207: 6928: 6591:. Prominent members among them included 6517: 6471:; for this reason historians called him 6418: 6026: 5795:Gerhard III, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg 5730: 5720: 4980: 4863: 4820: 4798: 4667: 4555: 4511: 4464: 4454:, which oversaw the promulgation of the 4326: 4193: 4119: 4046: 3909: 3844: 3731: 3537: 3489: 3357: 3346:is considered the founder of the modern 3122: 2763: 2607: 2515: 2460: 2318: 2256: 2099: 1928: 1727: 1617: 1556:pilot and then a lawyer, he founded the 1544:(1920–1987) is often referred to as the 1424: 1245: 1172: 467: 12819:Southern African Currency Page (2018). 12708:The prophet unarmed: Trotsky, 1921-1929 12650: 12616:Danilov, Victor; Porter, Cathy (1990). 12474:Rurik Dynasty (medieval Russian rulers) 12263:"Fiji founding father, Ratu Mara, dies" 11914:Dawisha, Karen; Parrott, Bruce (1997). 11794: 11382: 11270: 10880:; Michael, Michalis N. (26 July 2013). 10829: 10748: 10122: 9919: 9894:Coca Pimentel, Valeria (30 July 2023). 9380:, the paramount leader, founder of the 7087:. He supported the missionary views of 6039:national unification of Germany in 1871 5194:date back as far as 3rd millennium BC. 4906:. He also supported efforts to promote 4845:Another significant historical figure, 4763: 4442:of the Philippine Revolution and first 3882:from independence in 1957. He remained 3802:The first recorded ruler of Kuwait was 3632:Alash Orda national liberation movement 3446:(traditional reign 660–585 BC) was the 3376:is considered the founder of political 2866:of the various Chinese kingdoms of the 923:negotiated Nigeria's independence from 482:The prevailing historical view is that 477:"Zaeem al Ummah (Leader of the Nation)" 335:was the first Upper Voltese premier of 13278: 12788: 12758: 12677: 12657:. Yale University Press. p. 438. 12485: 12304:Speech in honour of Sir Michael Somare 11288: 11164: 11112:The Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution 11076: 10744: 10742: 10625: 10538: 9821: 9753: 9531: 9412:for the rest of the country's history. 9257: 8217:. The first Bourbon King of Spain was 8045:that would eventually evolve into the 7239:(1386–1434), first alongside his wife 6597:founding fathers of the European Union 6587:, which replaced the Monarchy after a 5989:(960—1014), 1st monarch of the united 5692:party that played a major role in the 4655:and the first monarch of the reigning 3698:before. This provoked street riots in 3646:. In 1920, after the establishment of 2482:in 1747. His mausoleum is next to the 1801:("Precursor of the Independence") and 1700: 351:before being rehabilitated in 1991 by 25:Founding fathers of the European Union 13092: 12868: 12651:Daniels, Robert V. (1 October 2008). 12548: 11439:Indiana University Press, 2010 p.259. 11372:. Rosen Publishing Group. p. 12. 11309:from the original on 26 November 2020 10631: 10612:Institute for War and Peace Reporting 9747: 9566:, Marshal of Yugoslavia (1943–1980). 9001: 8969: 8924: 8917:experienced the greatest prosperity. 8837:(624) saw the de facto leadership of 8742:. It is considered by many to be the 8537: 8102:as their ancestors, which would make 7680:was the most important leader of the 7375:, during the opening ceremony of the 6494:, legendary warrior who defeated the 6198:revolution against the Ottoman Empire 5385:, Euthymius was the last head of the 4883:, which would later form part of the 3312:, the Persian New Year. Prior to the 2874:. Its monarch then took the title of 2631:, is often credited for unifying the 2334:Within the large group known as "the 2315:Founding Fathers of the United States 2219:was the first democratically elected 1871: 1671:" is given to those who attended the 1473:Spanish American wars of independence 517:. Zaghloul then was able to make the 423:President of Central African Republic 21:Founding Fathers of the United States 12855:"So whose face was on old SA money?" 11969:Nova Srbija i Jugoslavija, 1788–1921 11758:from the original on 2 February 2020 11289:Bowman, John S. (5 September 2000). 11250:Kamal S. Salibi (15 December 1998). 10796: 10769: 10691: 10000: 9740:Diller, Daniel; Moore, John (1995). 9448: 9017:. However, it was in 1795 when King 8986:around the year 927, when he became 8978:(893/95–939) who united the several 8805: 7311:(1746–1817) was a Polish-Lithuanian 7305:and introduced an elective monarchy. 7146:, where he installed his son-in-law 6971:adding citations to reliable sources 6938: 6334:. He was the first president of the 6242:First National Assembly at Epidaurus 6088:. For reunified Germany, the slogan 5535:President of the Republic of Croatia 4545:country and turned Singapore into a 4430:(1863–1897) rebel leader during the 4426:, and a number of poems and essays. 4373:adding citations to reliable sources 4340: 4224:, Arafat soon became a supporter of 3585:adding citations to reliable sources 3552: 3284:(600–530 BC) was the founder of the 3105:East Turkistan independence movement 2902:and served as its first provisional 2538:to which he gave his namesake (Hayk/ 1970:Founders of the Honduran Nation are 1587:(1919–2011) is considered to be the 966:. The descendants of Peters and the 950:in 1792, after managing to convince 400:war of independence in Guinea-Bissau 209:adding citations to reliable sources 180: 118: 83: 42: 12267:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 11349:"Yasser Arafat: Father of a nation" 10856: 10850: 10823: 10802: 10775: 10739: 10230:Legislative Assembly of El Salvador 10123:Granger, David (16 February 2017). 8801:Former states and other territories 8753: 6806:secured recognition of independent 6330:was the leader of the 19th century 6315:. He is known as the leader of the 6100:) became symbolic, thus making all 5638:, one of the first monarchs of the 5628:, is considered the founder of the 5571:(1960–1977), is widely regarded by 5338:) that restored Bulgarian might in 5298:(9th century-2 May 907) officially 5266:migrated further north and founded 4964:ruled as first independent King of 4705:(1258–1324), was the leader of the 3878:from 1955, and the country's first 3330:Iran's old civilization and history 3057:(1960–1977), is widely regarded by 2948:; "Forerunner of the Revolution"). 2301:is considered to be the founder of 2139:Federal Republic of Central America 1208:Tunisia to independence from France 1202:, considered the founder of modern 670:(1809–1876) was born a free man of 519:Sultan of Egypt (later King) Fuad I 13: 12149:"FSM chief justice dies in Hawaii" 11974:ОТАЦ ОТАЏБИНЕ – КАРАЂОРЂЕ ПЕТРОВИЋ 11777:V. Creation of the Italian Kingdom 11685:Carl A.P. Ruck and Danny Staples, 11180:. 15 December 2007. Archived from 11085:. Yale University Press. pp. 10712: 10296:. MX: INAH, México. Archived from 10181:"Francisco María Oreamuno Badilla" 9744:. Congressional Quarterly. p. 308. 9555:, known as Alexander the Unifier. 9491:in 383. As such, he was the first 8482:Following Irish independence, the 8320:were brothers who founded city of 8221:, who is also responsible for the 7160:("Jagged Sword") would become the 7111:. This See was independent of the 6879:president of independent Macedonia 6869: 6607:, the "premier of victory" in WWI. 6532:was the first to use the title of 6376:Proclamation of the Irish Republic 6231:and other military leaders of the 5600:first President of Northern Cyprus 5218:clan and was succeeded by his son 5010:and head of state and government. 3833:are considered the fathers of the 3415:the revival of the Hebrew language 3392:the first Prime Minister of Israel 3207:to fight against Dutch during the 3086:first President of Northern Cyprus 2954:is regarded as the founder of the 2338:", there are two key subsets, the 2125:(1778–1839) is recognised as the " 1564:and served as the third and final 1214:and served as the country's first 497:The Founder of Independent Egypt, 14: 13307: 11576:), Veliko Tarnovo, 1996, p. 127, 10886:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 10439:The Founding Fathers Reconsidered 9788:Redmond Shannon (13 April 2016). 9643:. Congo News Agency. 30 June 2010 9438:Vice-Chairman of the Soviet Union 9285:The fictionalising medieval poem 9153: 9098: 9086:Festival of the Opening of Heaven 9061:) were the legendary founders of 8952: 8841:destabilised. Eventually, at the 8381: 7655:he created what was known as the 6725:, is universally considered the " 6246:Greek Declaration of Independence 6139:, semi-legendary founder-hero of 5980:(329—237 BC), 1st monarch of the 5916:President of the Italian Republic 5609: 5511:, and the early attested by name. 5154:United Kingdom of the Netherlands 4900:Bukharan People's Soviet Republic 4881:Bukharan People's Soviet Republic 4643:collapse of the Ayutthaya Kingdom 4610:(1238 - 1270) was the founder of 4250:Palestine Liberation Organization 3650:hegemony, Bukeikhanov joined the 3520:38th-generation direct descendant 3503:was the founder and ruler of the 3095: 2920:; "Father of the Nation") by the 2796:(770–850) was the founder of the 2720:Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman 2356:Constitution of the United States 1560:in 1955 after defecting from the 1429:The Argentine military commander 1234:from 1962 to 1966 and the second 927:, aided by such figures as Chief 571:and was the first emperor of the 559:is claimed to be first the first 58:This article has multiple issues. 12847: 12812: 12798:. London: Penguin. p. 100. 12782: 12752: 12725: 12698: 12671: 12644: 12609: 12584: 12542: 12520: 12479: 12467: 12455: 12428: 12409: 12378: 12360: 12348: 12297: 12272: 12256: 12238: 12213: 12185: 12169: 12129: 12117:. Museum of Australian Democracy 12103: 12069: 12051: 11795:Budrytė, Brigita (6 July 2019). 11656:James Minahan (1 January 2000). 11537:, Encyclopædia Britannica Online 11237:Shinto and the State, 1868–1988, 9539:(1901–1963), first president of 9517:, which, according to historian 9430:. Trotsky was widely considered 9348: 9328: 9032: 8589:Late colonial and federation era 7571:Poland regained its independence 7520:, who served as a member of the 7192:. He was a powerful mediator in 7075:from 992 to 1025, and the first 6943: 6713:, activist and proponent of the 6655: 5852:forces during the last phase of 5334:(997–1014) – energetic emperor ( 5212:Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans 5024:Roger-Bernard III, Count of Foix 4345: 4086:2006 democracy movement in Nepal 4064:was largely responsible for the 4039:which ruled Burma for 26 years. 3557: 3457:. The Japanese national holiday 3262: 3250: 3238: 3226: 3013: 3001: 2989: 2977: 2965: 2652:, known with the honorary title 2308: 2252: 2182:José Gaspár Rodríguez de Francia 2033:According to the decrees of the 1290:(1925–2010) was the first black 429:Democratic Republic of the Congo 185: 123: 87: 47: 12735:Russia in the twentieth century 12387:, Françoise Douaire-Marsaudon, 12333:Radio New Zealand International 12198:Radio New Zealand International 12154:Radio New Zealand International 12025: 11999: 11992:. U Drž. štamp. Kralj. Srbije. 11979: 11959: 11934: 11907: 11895: 11877: 11859: 11845: 11817: 11788: 11770: 11718:. Stockholm Univ. p. 174. 11705: 11692: 11679: 11649: 11622: 11612: 11586: 11558: 11549: 11540: 11528: 11494: 11467: 11442: 11427: 11410: 11376: 11361: 11341: 11321: 11228: 11221:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard (1959). 11215: 11170: 11136:Nina Adler (14 February 2017). 11117: 11104: 11011: 10968: 10950: 10932: 10652: 10599: 10572:Virabyan, Amatuni, ed. (2009). 10565: 10532: 10501: 10462: 10444: 10431: 10406: 10388: 10358: 10328: 10315: 10291:"Monumento de la Independencia" 10283: 10251: 10210: 10199: 10173: 10147: 10116: 10097: 10084: 10052: 10020: 9994: 9965: 9939: 9913: 9887: 9859: 9846: 9702:http://countrystudies.us/egypt/ 9335:Vladimir Lenin, founder of the 9319: 9013:from 1000 to 1200 AD, becoming 8965:, known as President Liberator. 8505: 8277:were perhaps the most notable: 8041:, grand prince of the medieval 7993:was the first president of the 6918:the Fathers of the Constitution 6738:Sigfried, Count of the Ardennes 6513: 6332:Icelandic independence movement 5710:president of the Czech Republic 5642:and the early attested by name. 4885:Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic 4491: 3932:. Although downcast during the 3739:, Legendary founding father of 3716:was elected the nation's first 3453:, according to the traditional 2898:was the founding father of the 934: 907:All are considered founders of 659:guerilla war for independence. 367:reforms renamed the country to 327: 196:needs additional citations for 66:or discuss these issues on the 12825:Southern African Currency Page 12678:Watson, Derek (27 July 2016). 12591:Brotherstone, Terence (1992). 12476:Britannica Online Encyclopedia 12464:Britannica Online Encyclopedia 12435:Korobeĭnikov, Dimitri (2014). 12328:"Somare returns as PNG leader" 11920:. Cambridge University Press. 11512:University of California Press 11480:. Princeton University Press. 11081:Indonesia: Peoples and History 10632:Ahmed, ABM Shamsuddin (2012). 9815: 9804: 9781: 9734: 9715: 9655: 9629: 9618: 9390:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries 8937:ethnic group, established the 8907:Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor 8784:founded the modern Kingdom of 8718:migration to New Zealand from 8702: 8662:Federated States of Micronesia 8650:Federated States of Micronesia 8334:and created Kyivan Rus in 880 8258: 8185:The Catholic Monarchs of Spain 7810:(1558–1601) was the Prince of 7667:, would fight against Germany. 7583:politic and the leader of the 7500:Paris Peace Conference in 1919 7457:Paris Peace Conference in 1919 7343:, and on the U.S. side in the 7333:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 7303:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 7231:(c. 1352/1362 – 1434) was the 6902:Norwegian Constituent Assembly 6866:("Father of the Fatherland"). 6845: 6552:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour 6250:first Provisional Constitution 6004:Democratic Republic of Georgia 5656:Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor 5620:three mythical Slavic brothers 5142:Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier 5121:Belarusian Democratic Republic 5105:Belarusian national literature 4966:Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen 4322: 4240:against the newly independent 3767:, the legendary first king of 3759: 3727: 2944: 2916: 2884: 2523:is regarded as the founder of 2456: 1901: 1856:Modern day Cuba was shaped by 1795:first constitution of Colombia 1437:of Argentina, Chile and Peru". 1303:(1924–2019) was the leader of 1148: 1: 12372:Papua New Guinea Post-Courier 12081:dunmorelangcollege.nsw.edu.au 11700:The Greek War of Independence 11635:. Feral Tribune. p. 64. 11566:The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars 10646:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh 10336:"Central & South America" 10090:Library and Archives Canada. 9731:The African American Registry 9667:A History of the Arab Peoples 9611: 9355:Leon Trotsky, founder of the 9292: 8578:Parliament of New South Wales 8207:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor 8167:Slovenian Territorial Defense 8155:Slovenian Territorial Defence 8005: 7910:and was proclaimed the first 7587:. Witos was also a leader of 7025:Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów 6826: 6732: 6125:, mythical progenitor of the 5941:(1848–1852). He was the last 5706:dissolution of Czechoslovakia 5646:Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia 5596:last Vice President of Cyprus 4857:and the establishment of the 4787: 4208:Palestinian political leader 3938:democratic revolution in 1990 3694:, who had never lived in the 3671:Communist Party of Kazakhstan 3549:national liberation movement. 3533: 3113:First East Turkestan Republic 3082:last Vice President of Cyprus 2932:continues to rule, while the 2603: 2584: 1885:Francisco del Rosario Sánchez 1808: 1649:(1798–1834), son of the King 1531:Prime Minister of the Bahamas 1001: 680:American Colonization Society 523:British-Egyptian relationship 382: 32:Founding Father (short story) 13165:English schools and colleges 12732:Dziewanowski, M. K. (2003). 12077:"Who Was John Dunmore Lang?" 11712:Birgir Hermannsson. (2005). 11277:Hashemite Monarchs of Jordan 11253:The Modern History of Jordan 11223:The Imperial House of Japan, 11077:Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). 10583:National Archives of Armenia 10232:. p. 12. Archived from 9975:(in Spanish). Buenos Aires: 9696:(accessed 29 October 2008); 9091:). However, in North Korea, 8903:Boleslaus I, Duke of Bohemia 8857:. The last Persian governor 8572:advocated for the rights of 8532: 8225:unification of the country. 7962:in 1703 and established the 7787:(c. 1270-1351/1352) was the 7589:Polish Liquidation Committee 7012:, legendary first leader of 6696: 6414: 6317:Hungarian Revolution of 1848 6171:, founder and first King of 5813:served as first post-Soviet 5113:, which is still used today. 4727:) and brought an end to the 4651:(1737–1809), founder of the 4570: 4507: 4289:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 4189: 4144:Islamic Republic of Pakistan 4106:Sultanate of Muscat and Oman 3870:(Father of Independence) or 3545:, leader and founder of the 3324:and First Persian Empire by 3186:Proclamation of Independence 3151: 3142:Indian independence movement 2824:Dynasties in Chinese history 2741:and unified the fiefdoms of 2400: 2284:Francisco de Paula Santander 2223:, shortly after leading the 2095: 1912: 1791:Francisco de Paula Santander 1420: 859:(1912–1966) served as first 505:, and was imprisoned by the 7: 12441:. Oxford University Press. 11986:Milivoj J. Malenić (1901). 11687:The World of Classical Myth 10585:. p. 2. Archived from 10125:"The Spirit of Chaguaramas" 9822:Fouéré, Marie-Aude (2014). 9712:(accessed 29 October 2008). 9122:due to the collapse of the 8931:Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu 8513:is seen as the first pope. 8484:Northern Ireland Parliament 8241:, father of and regent for 8213:, established a capital in 8109: 8093: 8085:. He is the founder of the 8071:. He is the founder of the 8053:. He is the founder of the 7702:(1066–1112), was appointed 7671: 7617:Józef Haller von Hallenburg 7416:Druga Rzeczpospolita Polska 7079:in 1025. He was the son of 6804:Honoré II, Prince of Monaco 6715:Lithuanian National Revival 6646:Latvian war of independence 6179: 5702:president of Czechoslovakia 5676:president of Czechoslovakia 5622:who appear together in the 5541: 5519:first united Croatian state 5210:, is the first name in the 5197: 5185: 5174:led the revolt against the 4962:Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din 4753:Turkish War of Independence 4601: 4115: 4027:was one of the founders of 3905: 3840: 3677:was ousted and replaced by 3470: 3437: 2938: 2908: 2876: 2778: 2664:, finally resulting in the 2350:(who were delegates to the 2344:Declaration of Independence 2176: 1965: 1818:Head of State of Costa Rica 1765: 1536: 1415: 1325:Tichafa Samuel Parirenyatwa 1282: 1168: 706:, also known as Idris I of 624:one of the founders of the 551: 536: 220:"List of national founders" 149:the claims made and adding 10: 13312: 11570:Balgarskite hanove i tsare 11368:Bernadette Brexel (2003). 11256:. I.B.Tauris. p. 93. 10755:. Routledge. p. 408. 10640:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). 9811:A Tribute to Thomas Peters 9118:was controlled by various 8929:Nigerian military officer 8899:Bořivoj I, Duke of Bohemia 8892: 8547:was the first Governor of 8527: 8312: 8143:prime minister of Slovenia 8043:Serbian Grand Principality 7734: 7601:(1866–1936), was a Polish 7508:(1873–1939), was a Polish 7465:(1860–1941), was a Polish 7394:(1867–1935), was a Polish 7345:American Revolutionary War 7116:Archbishopric of Magdeburg 6761: 6750:(1909–2008) was the first 6350:was established after the 6341: 6322: 6266: 6116: 6022: 5971: 5820: 5805: 5738:(1308 – 21 November 1340) 5716: 5636:Bořivoj I, Duke of Bohemia 5498: 5366:major uprising (1185–1204) 5172:Husein-kapetan Gradaščević 5127: 5076: 5045: 5013: 5000:Albanian national movement 4976: 4933: 4774:Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan 4549:after the separation from 4236:, he fought alongside the 3988:Japanese invasion of Burma 3976:Japanese controlled Taiwan 3943: 2956:People's Republic of China 2934:People's Republic of China 2821: 2724:Muhammad Ataul Gani Osmani 2546:. He was explained in the 2511: 2312: 2293: 2135:Head of State of Nicaragua 1993: 1890: 1853:is a Cuban national hero. 1716:(Jamaica: 1924–1997); and 1660: 1594: 1521: 1194: 1021: 981: 809: 775:Dr. Sam Shafiishuna Nujoma 768: 733: 662: 529:with Saad Zaghloul as its 490:to permanently divest the 36: 29: 18: 13286:Lists of national symbols 13218: 13187: 13178: 13157: 13124: 13065: 12995: 12907: 12705:Deutscher, Isaac (1965). 12246:"Fiji profile – timeline" 11574:Българските ханове и царе 11490:– via Google Books. 11389:From Defender to Dictator 11329:"The Father of Palestine" 11203:Imperial Household Agency 10903:– via Google Books. 10830:Stefoff, Rebecca (1996). 10809:. Lulu.com. p. 403. 10749:Perkins, Dorothy (2013). 10259:"Colección Muro de Honor" 9792:. New Brunswick: CBC News 9553:Alexander I of Yugoslavia 9071: 9057: 9047: 8370:Ukraine People's Republic 8228: 8149:was the first president. 8032: 8021:on the other side of the 8001:, and re-elected in 1996. 7864: 7755:, from north to Southern 7653:Polish National Committee 7585:Polish Peasants' Movement 7541:. Briefly, he also was a 7235:(1377–1434) and then the 7126:were also established in 6924: 6884: 6783: 6635: 6611: 6605:Vittorio Emanuele Orlando 6352:Irish War of Independence 6233:Greek War of Independence 6192:and other figures of the 6111: 5926:(1804–1814); founded the 5835: 5830:Prime Minister of Finland 5815:Prime Minister of Estonia 5401: 5387:Bulgarian Orthodox Church 4971: 4949:were the founders of the 4663: 4614:, the first Thai kingdom. 4293:Madrid Conference of 1991 4275:, acknowledging Israel's 4018:Prime Minister of Myanmar 3962:is the founder of modern 3797: 3485: 3464: 3431: 3353: 3027: 2752: 2729: 2680:Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani 2676:Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy 2666:Bangladesh Liberation War 2578:First Republic of Armenia 2552:History of Armenia (book) 2525:First Republic of Armenia 2160: 2039:Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla 2028: 2021:to independence from the 1841:Carlos Manuel de Céspedes 1681:London Conference of 1866 1656: 1643:José Bonifácio de Andrada 1613: 1579: 1241: 1222: 1088:Winnie Madikizela-Mandela 1070:President of South Africa 1055:Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal 942:was founded in part by a 861:Prime Minister of Nigeria 597: 322: 305:list of national founders 13158:Non-profit organizations 12684:. Springer. p. 25. 11502:Maenchen-Helfen, Otto J. 11235:Hardacre, Helen (1989). 10660:"'Father' of Bangladesh" 10581:(in Armenian). Yerevan: 10546:Patma-Banasirakan Handes 10340:Gosouthamerica.about.com 10092:Fathers of Confederation 10001:BGIS (21 January 2024). 9727:23 November 2007 at the 9600: 9470: 9359:and a key figure in the 8772: 8686: 8612:federation of Australian 8243:Valdemar, King of Sweden 8176: 8135:Letališče Jožeta Pučnika 8027:Diocletianic Persecution 7722:, in 1179, as the first 7496:Prime Minister of Poland 7488:President Woodrow Wilson 7299:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 7217:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 7091:, Bishop of Prague, and 6742: 6674:purchased the domain of 6650:Prime Minister of Latvia 6595:(also counted among the 6467:with inhabitants called 6409: 6238:Alexandros Mavrokordatos 5801:back to the Danish king. 5093:on the territory of the 5091:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 5071:Second Austrian republic 4956: 4479: 4315:, Arafat is viewed as a 4042: 4037:Burmese Way to Socialism 3756:of North Korea in 1998. 3722:Parliament of Kazakhstan 3420: 3348:Islamic Republic of Iran 3144:. He is featured on the 3118: 2817: 2086:Monument to Independence 1924: 1822:José María Castro Madriz 1723: 1669:Fathers of Confederation 1663:Fathers of Confederation 1505:María Remedios del Valle 1463:Pasaje a la Inmortalidad 1232:prime minister of Uganda 1061:Republic of South Africa 697: 674:descent. He migrated to 635: 582: 488:Ottoman conquest in 1517 463: 414:Central African Republic 12486:Plokhy, Serhii (2006). 11594:"Bulgaria after Simeon" 10962:2 December 2019 at the 9926:Encyclopædia Britannica 9400:over the course of the 9236:in 1721, following the 9216:Tsar of All the Russias 9192:(the modern peoples of 9188:, where he established 9170:beginning around 862 AD 9130:, which was founded by 8667: 8442:Declaration of Arbroath 8354:led the largest of the 8271:Federal Charter of 1291 8137:(Jože Pučnik airport). 8083:Second Serbian Uprising 7814:(1593–1601), Prince of 7688:expansion into western 7369:Stanisław Wojciechowski 7297:between Poland and the 7287:Grand Duke of Lithuania 7257:Polish–Lithuanian union 7233:Grand Duke of Lithuania 6908:in 1814, consisting of 6832:Petar I Petrović-Njegoš 6814:in 1633, and then from 6727:Patriarch of the Nation 6666:Prince of Liechtenstein 6626:National Hero of Kosovo 6053:and – as championed by 5878:and gave them a common 5708:in 1992, and the first 5567:(1950–1977), and first 5391:Second Bulgarian Empire 5144:, as well as the first 5107:. Author of the slogan 5067:First Austrian Republic 5057:and the first post-war 5006:in 1912, and its first 4709:and the founder of the 4502:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 4407:There is no law in the 4305:Palestinian territories 4254:Palestinian nationalist 4095: 3984:Burma Independence Army 3898:joined in 1963 to form 3813: 3808:Sheikh Mubarak Al-Kabir 3804:Sheikh Abu Salman Sabah 3526:, as he belongs to the 3501:Abdullah bin Al-Hussain 3459:National Foundation Day 3276: 3184:. They both signed the 3053:(1950–1977), and first 2839:cradles of civilization 2451: 2237: 2003:People's National Party 1948:Jean-Jacques Dessalines 1835: 1826:Juan Rafael Mora Porras 1708:(Barbados: 1920–1987); 1558:Democratic Labour Party 1441:The military commander 968:Black American founders 692:Americo-Liberian people 575:from 1270 to 1285 A.D. 408:President of Cape Verde 345:Republic of Upper Volta 13195:Eponymous corporations 12857:. IOL Business Report. 12115:explore.moadoph.gov.au 11966:Durde Jelenić (1923). 10782:. 新華出版社. p. 181. 10692:Yang, Zhenhai (2020). 10618:on 18 September 2014. 10592:on 20 September 2014. 10539:Asryan, Armen (2005). 10218:Zepeda Peña, Ciro Cruz 9828:African Studies Review 9594:the country's currency 9339:and the leader of the 9212:Grand Prince of Moscow 9111: 8959:Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk 8919:Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk 8911:Father of the Homeland 8865:(628), thus including 8788: 8602: 8582:Australian nationalism 8393: 8364:was the President the 8318:Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv 8303:Wilhelm Matthias Naeff 8199:Ferdinand II of Aragon 8186: 8069:First Serbian Uprising 7970:that lasted until the 7900:Grand Prince of Moscow 7649:Peace of Brest-Litovsk 7380: 7224: 6936: 6644:, a key figure in the 6525: 6426: 6311:is supposed to be the 6221:Andreas Vokos Miaoulis 6213:Theodoros Kolokotronis 6034: 5939:first French President 5912:First Consul of France 5739: 5728: 5625:Wielkopolska Chronicle 5256:First Bulgarian Empire 5250:. Victorious over the 5160:Bosnia and Herzegovina 4992: 4872: 4828: 4818: 4676: 4567: 4561:Don Stephen Senanayaka 4523: 4476: 4338: 4301:2000 Camp David Summit 4205: 4168:Malik Feroze Khan Noon 4134:Pakistan's founder is 4131: 4058: 3918: 3856: 3744: 3706:, meaning December in 3550: 3497: 3401:Other figures include 3370: 3322:Imperial State of Iran 3217:Round Table Conference 3134: 2922:Nationalist government 2775: 2619: 2527: 2472: 2436:and formed the modern 2416:, which also included 2331: 2268: 2119: 1972:José Cecilio del Valle 1940: 1777:, which also included 1748: 1685:Canadian Confederation 1633: 1546:Father of Independence 1483:, when he crossed the 1451:Father of the Homeland 1438: 1253: 1180: 1050:Republic of Somaliland 986:The founder of modern 940:Freetown, Sierra Leone 929:Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti 857:Abubakar Tafawa Balewa 785:Andimba Toivo ya Toivo 688:Liberia's independence 668:Joseph Jenkins Roberts 479: 13296:Political terminology 13073:Country coats of arms 11632:Gospodari rata i mira 11114:, (1991), pp. 4, 9–12 11021:(1949). "Indonesia". 10803:Xie, Xuanjun (2017). 10509:Libaridian, Gerard J. 10155:"Juan Mora Fernández" 9981:Ministerio de Cultura 9570:Union of South Africa 9547:Kingdom of Yugoslavia 9307:Serbia and Montenegro 9106: 8961:, first President of 8780: 8596: 8401:William the Conqueror 8389: 8299:Friedrich Frey-Herosé 8275:Swiss Federal Council 8184: 7785:Basarab I the Founder 7627:, a legionary in the 7463:Ignacy Jan Paderewski 7365:Ignacy Jan Paderewski 7358: 7335:'s struggles against 7281:(1520–1572), was the 7229:Władysław II Jagiełło 7221:Władysław II Jagiełło 7211: 6932: 6796:when he captured the 6640:Most Latvians regard 6580:Assemblea Costituente 6521: 6479:Constantine the Great 6422: 6154:Athenian constitution 6055:Friedrich Ludwig Jahn 6030: 5965:Fifth French Republic 5924:Emperor of the French 5826:Pehr Evind Svinhufvud 5770:Frederik X of Denmark 5734: 5724: 5507:was one of the first 5376:Patriarch of Bulgaria 5254:, he established the 5055:Chancellor of Austria 5020:Co-Princes of Andorra 5004:modern Albanian state 4984: 4867: 4824: 4802: 4745:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 4671: 4559: 4535:Republic of Singapore 4515: 4468: 4432:Philippine Revolution 4330: 4311:the same year. Among 4262:Israel Defense Forces 4234:1948 Arab–Israeli War 4197: 4123: 4050: 3913: 3848: 3735: 3541: 3493: 3407:Israel Defense Forces 3361: 3334:Mohammad Reza Pahlavi 3126: 2868:Warring States period 2851:, the first orthodox 2810:'s independence from 2806:(1922–2012) declared 2767: 2672:Abul Kasem Fazlul Huq 2650:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman 2629:Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah 2613:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman 2611: 2590:Mammad Amin Rasulzade 2519: 2488:Kandahar, Afghanistan 2464: 2322: 2299:José Gervasio Artigas 2280:Antonio José de Sucre 2260: 2221:president of Paraguay 2173:founded Panama City. 2167:Vasco Nunez de Balboa 2123:José Anacleto Ordóñez 2105:José Anacleto Ordóñez 2103: 2035:Congress of the Union 2015:Jamaican Labour Party 1988:José Trinidad Cabañas 1932: 1731: 1712:(Guyana: 1923–1985); 1621: 1604:Antonio José de Sucre 1562:Barbados Labour Party 1481:Crossing of the Andes 1428: 1395:Jason Ziyaphapha Moyo 1385:Alfred Nikita Mangena 1267:. He served as first 1249: 1185:President of Tanzania 1176: 994:. He served as first 992:Léopold Sédar Senghor 952:British abolitionists 609:political leader and 471: 37:Further information: 13170:Religious traditions 12462:Rurik (Norse leader) 12309:9 April 2010 at the 12085:Dunmore Lang College 11891:. 24 September 2020. 11873:. 10 September 2018. 11782:7 March 2009 at the 11101:; Reid (1973), p. 30 10857:Liu, Wenbin (2015). 10470:Hovannisian, Richard 10376:on 27 September 2021 9898:(in Spanish). Lima: 9525:Gruffydd ap Llywelyn 9422:member, head of the 9220:Grand Prince of Kiev 8909:is regarded as the " 8869:under Islamic rule. 8730:and co-authored the 8332:Grand Prince of Kiev 8159:Minister of Interior 8119:Slovenian Parliament 8073:Karađorđević dynasty 7794:Charles I of Hungary 7779:Trajan's Dacian Wars 7712:Afonso I of Portugal 7643:), the president of 7565:and the policies of 7532:, and later, in the 7451:, and the leader of 7420:Partitions of Poland 7363:(first on the left) 6967:improve this section 6891:King Harald Fairhair 6864:Vader des Vaderlands 6778:Alexandru Lăpușneanu 6768:Bogdan I of Moldavia 6719:Council of Lithuania 6544:Vittorio Emanuele II 6499:Frederick Barbarossa 6354:(1919–21), in which 6301:Stephen I of Hungary 6260:Ioannis Kapodistrias 6225:Laskarina Bouboulina 6217:Georgios Karaiskakis 6164:Spartan constitution 6098:"We are the people!" 5937:(1852–1870) was the 5898:King of the Lombards 5848:in a revolt against 5704:from 1989 until the 5674:, founder and first 5666:Father of the Nation 5577:Father of the Nation 5372:Euthymius of Tarnovo 5252:Eastern Roman Empire 5146:King of the Belgians 5059:President of Austria 5053:, who was the first 4838:, as he founded the 4778:United Arab Emirates 4764:United Arab Emirates 4717:Mehmed the Conqueror 4653:Rattanakosin Kingdom 4588:father of the nation 4456:Malolos Constitution 4369:improve this section 4066:unification of Nepal 4062:Prithvi Narayan Shah 4052:Prithvi Narayan Shah 4004:secretariat building 3876:Federation of Malaya 3781:Dongmyeong the great 3714:Nursultan Nazarbayev 3634:. He sided with the 3581:improve this section 3516:British protectorate 3495:Abdullah I of Jordan 3286:First Persian Empire 3063:Father of the Nation 2855:, in circa 2070 BC. 2835:Chinese civilization 2288:Francisco de Miranda 2229:Alfredo Stroessner's 2206:Mauricio José Troche 2198:Pedro Juan Caballero 2171:Pedro Arias de Avila 2063:Hermenegildo Galeana 2011:Alexander Bustamante 1944:Toussaint Louverture 1934:Toussaint Louverture 1637:Pedro Álvares Cabral 1625:, founder and first 1589:Father of the Nation 1491:on royalist forces. 1068:(1918–2013) was the 1040:Abdirashid Shermarke 779:President of Namibia 740:first Moroccan state 716:Emirate of Cyrenaica 643:served as the first 205:improve this article 101:adding missing items 39:Father of the Nation 12375:, 14 September 2007 12367:"Step aside Chief!" 12111:"John Dunmore Lang" 11357:. 23 December 2017. 11184:on 15 December 2007 10836:. Millbrook Press. 10776:Yin, Xiong (2015). 10666:. 27 January 1975. 10644:(Second ed.). 10458:. 21 December 2021. 10109:14 May 2012 at the 9951:Ministry of Culture 9920:Wallenfeldt, Jeff. 9698:Metz, Helen, Chapin 9671:Egypt in Transition 9532:Republic of Vietnam 9406:political uprisings 9301:Plantagenet England 9258:Kingdom of Scotland 8988:King of the English 8618:Andrew Inglis Clark 8496:Scottish Parliament 8417:Henry II of England 8362:Mykhailo Hrushevsky 8263:Both the anonymous 8203:House of Trastámara 8195:Isabella of Castile 7980:was the founder of 7972:February Revolution 7954:of Russia from the 7918:Mikhail I of Russia 7852:Mihail Kogălniceanu 7830:Alexandru Ioan Cuza 7751:, from east to the 7728:Manifestis Probatum 7639:instructor rank in 7579:(1874–1945), was a 7440:(1864–1939), was a 7385:Polish Independence 7349:Kościuszko Uprising 7331:. He fought in the 7301:, which formed the 7291:Sigismund I the Old 7253:converted Lithuania 7120:Congress of Gniezno 7101:Congress of Gniezno 7081:Mieszko I of Poland 6934:Mieszko I of Poland 6852:William I of Orange 6560:Italian unification 6492:Alberto da Giussano 6456:created during the 6244:, co-author of the 6240:, President of the 6194:Greek Enlightenment 6080:, and by the first 6043:German nationalists 5928:First French Empire 5914:(1799–1804), first 5832:from 1917 to 1918. 5817:from 1991 to 1992. 5590:(1924–2012), under 5569:president of Cyprus 5414:Paisius of Hilendar 5307:History of Bulgaria 5190:Mythical rulers of 4968:from 1918 to 1948. 4757:Türkiye Cumhuriyeti 4693:Battle of Manzikert 4258:guerrilla conflicts 4183:Sir Syed Ahmad Khan 4138:, who is hailed as 4136:Muhammad Ali Jinnah 4125:Muhammad Ali Jinnah 4020:from 1948 to 1956. 3986:, spearheading the 3917:posthumous portrait 3866:), and also called 3827:Kaysonne Phomvihane 3673:again in 1964 when 3667:Dinmukhamed Kunayev 3624:Alikhan Bukeikhanov 3543:Alikhan Bokeikhanov 3512:Emir of Transjordan 3471:Kenkoku Kinen no Hi 3455:order of succession 3306:Cyrus the Great Day 3209:National Revolution 3115:from 1933 to 1934. 3107:. He organized the 3076:(1924–2012), under 3055:president of Cyprus 2713:Muhammad Mansur Ali 2684:Bengali nationalism 2576:the founder of the 2560:Neo Assyrian Empire 2506:King of Afghanistan 2502:Mohammad Zahir Shah 2484:Shrine of the Cloak 2365:, in his 1973 book 2361:American historian 2202:Fernando de la Mora 2009:from 1955 to 1962. 1984:José Trinidad Reyes 1976:Dionisio de Herrera 1907:José Matías Delgado 1896:Jose Joaquin Olmedo 1814:Juan Mora Fernández 1756:José Miguel Carrera 1734:José Miguel Carrera 1701:Caribbean Community 1683:, to establish the 1651:João VI of Portugal 1566:premier of Barbados 1447:War of Independence 1263:and unification of 1236:president of Uganda 1162:Salva Kiir Mayardit 1083:activists include: 1028:Somali Youth League 998:from 1960 to 1980. 972:Sierra Leone Creole 742:was established by 611:President of Guinea 561:Emperor of Ethiopia 503:Egyptian government 410:from 1975 to 1991. 317:war of independence 303:The following is a 12795:A History of Wales 12765:A History of Wales 12418:The Pacific Review 12317:of the Philippines 11946:Blogit.helsinki.fi 11855:. 4 December 2017. 11600:on 5 February 2008 11051:Far Eastern Survey 10664:The New York Times 10185:Guiascostarica.com 10159:Guiascostarica.com 9428:October Revolution 9361:October Revolution 9251:Vladimir the Great 9224:Truce of Andrusovo 9168:Prince of Novgorod 9112: 9023:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi 9002:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi 8970:Kingdom of England 8947:Nigerian Civil War 8939:Republic of Biafra 8925:Republic of Biafra 8915:Kingdom of Bohemia 8871:Pre-Islamic Arabia 8789: 8732:Treaty of Waitangi 8603: 8538:Early colonial era 8457:Acts of Union 1707 8394: 8348:Bohdan Khmelnytsky 8249:Gustav I of Sweden 8211:Philip II of Spain 8187: 8173:with the police. 7995:Russian Federation 7908:Tsardom of Muscovy 7906:, established the 7886:Novgorod the Great 7759:and from south to 7621:lieutenant general 7619:(1873–1960) was a 7547:Silesian Uprisings 7453:National Democracy 7398:who served as the 7381: 7379:, 9 February 1919. 7309:Tadeusz Kościuszko 7289:, the only son of 7225: 7085:Dobrawa of Bohemia 7069:Bolesław I Chrobry 6937: 6856:William the Silent 6711:Jonas Basanavičius 6678:and the county of 6589:referendum in 1946 6568:became its capital 6548:Giuseppe Garibaldi 6530:Napoleon Bonaparte 6526: 6523:Giuseppe Garibaldi 6473:Father of Italians 6427: 6307:. Amongst others, 6305:Kingdom of Hungary 6254:head of government 6229:Yannis Makriyannis 6160:Lycurgus of Sparta 6092:Wir sind das Volk! 6035: 6009:Zviad Gamsakhurdia 5991:Kingdom of Georgia 5894:Holy Roman Emperor 5890:King of the Franks 5872:King of the Franks 5740: 5729: 5712:from 1993 to 2003. 5397:world of the time. 5322:Simeon I the Great 5214:. He was from the 5166:Tvrtko I of Bosnia 5134:Belgian Revolution 4993: 4926:republics and the 4873: 4859:Khanate of Bukhara 4829: 4819: 4816:Khanate of Bukhara 4810:ruler, founder of 4749:Republic of Turkey 4677: 4568: 4524: 4477: 4339: 4285:two-state solution 4273:Israeli government 4238:Muslim Brotherhood 4216:. Born in 1929 in 4206: 4132: 4059: 3996:Panglong Agreement 3972:Rangoon University 3919: 3860:Tunku Abdul Rahman 3857: 3850:Tunku Abdul Rahman 3745: 3626:(1866–1937) was a 3551: 3498: 3411:Eliezer Ben-Yehuda 3371: 3290:Achaemenid dynasty 3135: 2939:Gémìng Xiānxíngzhě 2936:considers him the 2776: 2759:Awang Alak Betatar 2686:since the days of 2620: 2528: 2476:Ahmad Shah Durrani 2473: 2466:Ahmad Shah Durrani 2379:Alexander Hamilton 2352:Federal Convention 2332: 2272:José de San Martín 2269: 2243:José de San Martín 2192:, others include: 2149:Joaquín del Cossío 2120: 2055:José María Morelos 1941: 1877:Matías Ramón Mella 1872:Dominican Republic 1752:Bernardo O'Higgins 1749: 1742:José de San Martín 1738:Bernardo O'Higgins 1677:Quebec Conferences 1634: 1585:George Cadle Price 1516:Madre de la Patria 1459:Padre de la Patria 1443:José de San Martín 1439: 1431:José de San Martín 1345:Ndabaningi Sithole 1311:from 1980 to 2017. 1254: 1181: 1012:France-Albert René 781:from 1990 to 2005. 628:, and the Guinean 515:revolution of 1919 507:British government 480: 396:Cape Verde Islands 337:French Upper Volta 134:possibly contains 99:; you can help by 13291:National founders 13273: 13272: 13269: 13268: 13086: 13085: 12805:978-0-14-014581-6 12775:978-0-14-014581-6 12745:978-0-13-097852-3 12718:978-0-394-70747-1 12691:978-1-349-24848-3 12664:978-0-300-13493-3 12602:978-0-7486-0317-6 12502:978-0-521-86403-9 12448:978-0-19-870826-1 12405:978-1-921536-28-1 12284:nzhistory.govt.nz 12252:. 4 January 2018. 12182:, 14 October 2009 12157:. 28 January 2010 11669:978-0-313-30984-7 11422:978-0-19-829891-5 11403:978-1-58234-049-4 11337:. 10 August 2005. 11302:978-0-231-50004-3 11263:978-1-86064-331-6 11096:978-0-300-10518-6 10878:Varnava, Andrekos 10396:"Bentham Project" 10303:on 30 August 2013 10239:on 31 August 2021 10065:The San Pedro Sun 9773:978-0-8020-7402-7 9465:Lorenzo de Zavala 9460:William B. Travis 9449:Republic of Texas 9402:Russian Civil War 9295:1477) celebrated 9208:Ivan the Terrible 9120:Anatolian beyliks 8843:Conquest of Mecca 8806:Arabian Peninsula 8746:of the nation of 8744:founding document 8635:John Dunmore Lang 8570:William Wentworth 8556:Lachlan Macquarie 8511:Peter the Apostle 8440:, as well as the 8356:Cossack uprisings 8338:Daniel of Galicia 8307:Stefano Franscini 8279:Ulrich Ochsenbein 8219:Philip V of Spain 8191:Catholic Monarchs 8165:, who helped the 8129:was president of 8098:Many Slovaks see 8087:Obrenović dynasty 7928:, elected to the 7896:Ivan the Terrible 7808:Michael the Brave 7700:Henry of Burgundy 7682:Lusitanian people 7524:parliaments, the 7506:Wojciech Korfanty 7313:military engineer 7279:Zygmunt II August 7213:Kingdom of Poland 7140:Holy Roman Empire 7097:Holy Roman Empire 7093:Bruno of Querfurt 7053:Holy Roman Empire 7021:Kingdom of Poland 7003: 7002: 6995: 6820:Treaty of Péronne 6792:became the first 6790:François Grimaldi 6773:Stephen the Great 6756:Republic of Malta 6664:became the first 6601:Palmiro Togliatti 6599:), the communist 6593:Alcide De Gasperi 6566:in 1861 and Rome 6550:, Prime Minister 6534:President of the 6503:Battle of Legnano 6437:, the capital of 6396:Seán Mac Diarmada 6297:Hungarian Kingdom 6295:reigned over the 6190:Theophilos Kairis 6186:Adamantios Korais 6162:, founder of the 6082:German Chancellor 6067:Otto von Bismarck 6032:Otto von Bismarck 6011:(1939—1993), 1st 5998:(1881—1930), 1st 5982:Kingdom of Iberia 5953:French resistance 5951:is a hero of the 5949:Charles de Gaulle 5943:Monarch of France 5880:Catholic religion 5694:Velvet Revolution 5688:, founder of the 5662:František Palacký 5598:(1973–1974), and 5123:from 1919 to 1923 5083:Kastuś Kalinoŭski 5034:, who signed the 4951:Hồng Bàng dynasty 4889:Jadidist movement 4877:Fayzulla Xoʻjayev 4869:Fayzulla Xoʻjayev 4847:Muhammad Shaybani 4812:Shaybanid Dynasty 4804:Muhammad Shaybani 4637:(1734–1782), who 4620:(1590–1605), who 4612:Sukhothai Kingdom 4596:J. R. Jayewardene 4592:William Gopallawa 4498:Abdulaziz Al Saud 4470:Abdulaziz Al Saud 4450:through the 1899 4424:El Filibusterismo 4405: 4404: 4397: 4309:Nobel Peace Prize 4283:and supporting a 4172:Khwaja Nazimuddin 4164:Abdul Rab Nishtar 3753:Eternal President 3688:Mikhail Gorbachev 3617: 3616: 3609: 3344:Ruhollah Khomeini 3205:Indonesian people 3084:(1973–1974), and 2930:Republic of China 2900:Republic of China 2737:(1594–1651) fled 2699:Syed Nazrul Islam 2548:Movses Khorenatsi 2442:Rómulo Betancourt 2430:José Antonio Páez 2395:George Washington 2375:Benjamin Franklin 2363:Richard B. Morris 2346:in 1776) and the 2324:George Washington 2077:(1775–1817), and 2059:Mariano Matamoros 1986:(1797–1855), and 1980:Francisco Morazán 1919:Pedro de Alvarado 1881:Juan Pablo Duarte 1773:, was founder of 1679:in 1864, and the 1647:Pedro I of Brazil 1499:flag of Argentina 1433:is known as the " 1390:Josiah Tungamirai 1296:Zimbabwe Rhodesia 1032:Somali presidents 970:form part of the 657:Mau Mau rebellion 603:Ahmed Sékou Touré 569:Solomonic dynasty 450:Cléophas Kamitatu 404:Aristides Pereira 349:Sangoulé Lamizana 299: 298: 291: 281: 280: 273: 255: 179: 178: 171: 136:original research 117: 116: 81: 13303: 13185: 13184: 13113: 13106: 13099: 13090: 13089: 12896:National symbols 12889: 12882: 12875: 12866: 12865: 12859: 12858: 12851: 12845: 12844: 12838: 12836: 12827:. 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Archived from 10610:. No. 634. 10603: 10597: 10596: 10591: 10580: 10569: 10563: 10562: 10536: 10530: 10529: 10505: 10499: 10498: 10479: 10466: 10460: 10459: 10448: 10442: 10437:R.B. Bernstein, 10435: 10429: 10428: 10426: 10424: 10410: 10404: 10403: 10392: 10386: 10385: 10383: 10381: 10372:. Archived from 10362: 10356: 10355: 10353: 10351: 10342:. Archived from 10332: 10326: 10319: 10313: 10312: 10310: 10308: 10302: 10295: 10287: 10281: 10280: 10278: 10276: 10271:on 24 March 2012 10270: 10263: 10255: 10249: 10248: 10246: 10244: 10238: 10227: 10214: 10208: 10203: 10197: 10196: 10194: 10192: 10177: 10171: 10170: 10168: 10166: 10151: 10145: 10144: 10142: 10140: 10120: 10114: 10101: 10095: 10088: 10082: 10081: 10079: 10077: 10056: 10050: 10049: 10047: 10045: 10024: 10018: 10017: 10015: 10013: 9998: 9992: 9991: 9989: 9987: 9969: 9963: 9962: 9960: 9958: 9943: 9937: 9936: 9934: 9932: 9917: 9911: 9910: 9908: 9906: 9891: 9885: 9884: 9882: 9880: 9863: 9857: 9850: 9844: 9843: 9819: 9813: 9808: 9802: 9801: 9799: 9797: 9785: 9779: 9777: 9761: 9751: 9745: 9738: 9732: 9719: 9713: 9695: 9693: 9691: 9682:. Archived from 9659: 9653: 9652: 9650: 9648: 9633: 9627: 9622: 9606:Mobutu Sese Seko 9590:Jan van Riebeeck 9352: 9332: 9294: 9264:Kenneth MacAlpin 9246:Saint-Petersburg 9242:sweeping reforms 9238:Treaty of Nystad 9136:Sultanate of Rum 9090: 9087: 9084: 9081: 9078: 9074: 9073: 9060: 9059: 9050: 9049: 9027:Hawaiian history 9015:Native Hawaiians 8996:Alfred the Great 8887:Sassanid Empires 8879:Rashidun Caliphs 8819:Prophet Muhammad 8754:Papua New Guinea 8438:Robert the Bruce 8409:Kenneth MacAlpin 8397:Alfred the Great 8352:Petro Doroshenko 8342:King of Ruthenia 8269:who drew up the 8055:Nemanjić dynasty 7960:Saint Petersburg 7956:House of Romanov 7938:Time of Troubles 7926:House of Romanov 7798:battle of Posada 7749:Southern Germany 7724:King of Portugal 7599:Ignacy Daszyński 7530:Prussian Landtag 7377:Legislative Sejm 7204:(Latin: "king"). 7194:Central European 7105:Metropolitan See 7071:(967–1025), was 6998: 6991: 6987: 6984: 6978: 6947: 6939: 6585:Italian Republic 6556:Giuseppe Mazzini 6536:Italian Republic 6469:Italicus Populus 6400:Thomas MacDonagh 6348:Irish Free State 6285:Carpathian Basin 6283:settle into the 6063:Henry the Fowler 5844:: he united the 5828:served as first 5780:Harald Bluetooth 5756:Saxo Grammaticus 5680:Independence Day 5640:Duchy of Bohemia 5565:Church of Cyprus 5562:Eastern Orthodox 5509:dukes of Croatia 5492:Stefan Stambolov 5462:Georgi Benkovski 5438:Lyuben Karavelov 5395:Eastern Orthodox 5340:Southeast Europe 5313:. The historian 5248:Southeast Europe 5117:Vaclaŭ Lastoŭski 5087:January Uprising 5032:Bishop of Urgell 4939:Kinh Dương Vương 4776:established the 4729:Byzantine Empire 4635:Taksin the Great 4584:D. S. Senanayake 4452:Malolos Congress 4436:Emilio Aguinaldo 4428:Andrés Bonifacio 4400: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4380: 4349: 4341: 4307:, receiving the 4226:Arab nationalism 4176:I. I. Chundrigar 4160:A. K. Fazlul Huq 4156:Liaquat Ali Khan 4016:served as first 3953:Kingdom of Pagan 3868:Bapa Kemerdekaan 3835:Marxist–Leninist 3612: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3592: 3561: 3553: 3477: 3476: 3473: 3467: 3466: 3451:emperor of Japan 3445: 3443: 3434: 3433: 3388:David Ben-Gurion 3304:annually on the 3266: 3254: 3242: 3230: 3051:Church of Cyprus 3048:Eastern Orthodox 3017: 3005: 2993: 2981: 2969: 2947: 2946: 2941: 2919: 2918: 2913: 2887: 2886: 2881: 2853:dynasty of China 2804:Norodom Sihanouk 2769:Norodom Sihanouk 2710:finance minister 2635:(which he named 2625:Sultan of Bengal 2387:Thomas Jefferson 2342:(who signed the 2336:Founding Fathers 2217:Andrés Rodríguez 2194:Fulgencio Yegros 2147:(1800–1880) and 1960:Alexandre Pétion 1956:Henri Christophe 1946:(1743–1803) and 1883:(1813–1876) and 1866:Cuban Revolution 1754:(1778–1842) and 1631:Empire of Brazil 1602:(1783–1830) and 1400:George Silundika 1355:Josiah Tongogara 1335:Leopold Takawira 1183:Being the first 911:. The troika of 875:Egbert Udo Udoma 816:Herbert Macaulay 803:Jonker Afrikaner 777:served as first 728:Kingdom of Libya 672:African American 647:(1963–1964) and 573:Ethiopian Empire 546:King of kaNgwane 527:Kingdom of Egypt 438:Joseph Kasa-Vubu 421:served as first 406:served as first 398:and the ensuing 359:as apart of his 313:political system 309:sovereign states 294: 287: 276: 269: 265: 262: 256: 254: 213: 189: 181: 174: 167: 163: 160: 154: 151:inline citations 127: 126: 119: 112: 109: 91: 90: 84: 73: 51: 50: 43: 13311: 13310: 13306: 13305: 13304: 13302: 13301: 13300: 13276: 13275: 13274: 13265: 13214: 13188:Specific groups 13174: 13153: 13120: 13117: 13087: 13082: 13061: 12991: 12960:Personification 12903: 12893: 12863: 12862: 12853: 12852: 12848: 12834: 12832: 12817: 12813: 12806: 12787: 12783: 12776: 12757: 12753: 12746: 12730: 12726: 12719: 12703: 12699: 12692: 12676: 12672: 12665: 12649: 12645: 12624:(29): 136–146. 12614: 12610: 12603: 12589: 12585: 12568: 12547: 12543: 12525: 12521: 12507: 12505: 12503: 12492: 12484: 12480: 12472: 12468: 12460: 12456: 12449: 12433: 12429: 12414: 12410: 12383: 12379: 12365: 12361: 12353: 12349: 12339: 12337: 12336:. 6 August 2002 12326: 12325: 12321: 12311:Wayback Machine 12302: 12298: 12288: 12286: 12278: 12277: 12273: 12269:, 19 April 2004 12261: 12257: 12244: 12243: 12239: 12229: 12227: 12219: 12218: 12214: 12204: 12202: 12191: 12190: 12186: 12180:Fiji Daily Post 12174: 12170: 12160: 12158: 12147: 12146: 12142: 12134: 12130: 12120: 12118: 12109: 12108: 12104: 12094: 12092: 12075: 12074: 12070: 12057: 12056: 12052: 12042: 12040: 12039:on 14 June 2007 12031: 12030: 12026: 12016: 12014: 12005: 12004: 12000: 11984: 11980: 11964: 11960: 11950: 11948: 11940: 11939: 11935: 11928: 11912: 11908: 11900: 11896: 11883: 11882: 11878: 11865: 11864: 11860: 11851: 11850: 11846: 11836: 11834: 11833:(in Lithuanian) 11823: 11822: 11818: 11808: 11806: 11805:(in Lithuanian) 11793: 11789: 11784:Wayback Machine 11775: 11771: 11761: 11759: 11746: 11745: 11741: 11726: 11710: 11706: 11697: 11693: 11684: 11680: 11670: 11654: 11650: 11643: 11627: 11623: 11617: 11613: 11603: 11601: 11592: 11591: 11587: 11563: 11559: 11554: 11550: 11545: 11541: 11533: 11529: 11522: 11514:. p. 407. 11499: 11495: 11488: 11472: 11468: 11458: 11456: 11448: 11447: 11443: 11432: 11428: 11415: 11411: 11404: 11381: 11377: 11366: 11362: 11347: 11346: 11342: 11327: 11326: 11322: 11312: 11310: 11303: 11287: 11283: 11275: 11271: 11264: 11248: 11244: 11233: 11229: 11220: 11216: 11201: 11197: 11187: 11185: 11176: 11175: 11171: 11163: 11159: 11149: 11147: 11134: 11130: 11122: 11118: 11109: 11105: 11097: 11063:10.2307/3023219 11057:(24): 345–348. 11035:10.2307/3016666 11016: 11012: 11000: 10999: 10990: 10989: 10982: 10980: 10974: 10973: 10969: 10964:Wayback Machine 10955: 10951: 10938: 10937: 10933: 10923: 10921: 10916: 10915: 10908: 10898: 10896: 10894: 10875: 10868: 10855: 10851: 10844: 10828: 10824: 10817: 10801: 10797: 10790: 10774: 10770: 10763: 10747: 10740: 10733: 10717: 10713: 10706: 10690: 10686: 10676: 10674: 10658: 10657: 10653: 10630: 10626: 10604: 10600: 10589: 10578: 10570: 10566: 10549:(in Armenian). 10537: 10533: 10523: 10506: 10502: 10492: 10467: 10463: 10450: 10449: 10445: 10436: 10432: 10422: 10420: 10412: 10411: 10407: 10394: 10393: 10389: 10379: 10377: 10364: 10363: 10359: 10349: 10347: 10346:on 14 June 2011 10334: 10333: 10329: 10320: 10316: 10306: 10304: 10300: 10293: 10289: 10288: 10284: 10274: 10272: 10268: 10261: 10257: 10256: 10252: 10242: 10240: 10236: 10225: 10215: 10211: 10204: 10200: 10190: 10188: 10179: 10178: 10174: 10164: 10162: 10153: 10152: 10148: 10138: 10136: 10121: 10117: 10111:Wayback Machine 10102: 10098: 10089: 10085: 10075: 10073: 10058: 10057: 10053: 10043: 10041: 10040:on 1 April 2018 10026: 10025: 10021: 10011: 10009: 9999: 9995: 9985: 9983: 9971: 9970: 9966: 9956: 9954: 9945: 9944: 9940: 9930: 9928: 9918: 9914: 9904: 9902: 9892: 9888: 9878: 9876: 9865: 9864: 9860: 9851: 9847: 9820: 9816: 9809: 9805: 9795: 9793: 9786: 9782: 9774: 9752: 9748: 9742:The Middle East 9739: 9735: 9729:Wayback Machine 9720: 9716: 9689: 9687: 9678: 9660: 9656: 9646: 9644: 9635: 9634: 9630: 9623: 9619: 9614: 9603: 9572: 9564:Josip Broz Tito 9561: 9549: 9534: 9481:Emperor of Rome 9473: 9451: 9398:one-party state 9396:but later as a 9394:elected soviets 9368: 9367: 9366: 9365: 9364: 9353: 9345: 9344: 9341:Bolshevik party 9333: 9322: 9309: 9297:William Wallace 9260: 9230:Peter the Great 9156: 9101: 9088: 9085: 9082: 9079: 9055:Wanggeom (단군왕검/ 9035: 9004: 8972: 8955: 8927: 8895: 8867:Southern Arabia 8808: 8803: 8775: 8756: 8705: 8692:Hammer DeRoburt 8689: 8670: 8652: 8591: 8549:New South Wales 8540: 8535: 8530: 8508: 8492:Sir James Craig 8434:William Wallace 8429:Owain the Great 8427:in Ireland and 8384: 8376:Leonid Kravchuk 8366:Central Council 8315: 8291:Josef Munzinger 8261: 8231: 8179: 8112: 8096: 8079:Miloš Obrenović 8047:Serbian Kingdom 8035: 8008: 7984:and later, the 7968:Russian history 7944:Peter the Great 7904:Rurikid dynasty 7882:Rurikid dynasty 7867: 7846:Ion C. Brătianu 7840:King of Romania 7802:Basarab dynasty 7761:Greek Macedonia 7737: 7716:Templar Brother 7714:(1109–1185), a 7708:Kingdom of León 7674: 7492:Fourteen Points 7412:Polish politics 7392:Józef Piłsudski 7361:Józef Piłsudski 7295:Union of Lublin 7269:Christian world 6999: 6988: 6982: 6979: 6964: 6948: 6927: 6887: 6872: 6870:North Macedonia 6854:(1533–1584) or 6848: 6829: 6818:by signing the 6786: 6764: 6745: 6735: 6709:on 6 July. Dr. 6699: 6658: 6648:and four-times 6638: 6614: 6577:members of the 6516: 6417: 6412: 6404:Joseph Plunkett 6368:Irish Civil War 6364:Michael Collins 6356:Éamon de Valera 6344: 6325: 6269: 6182: 6119: 6114: 6086:Konrad Adenauer 6025: 5974: 5838: 5823: 5808: 5719: 5612: 5604:Northern Cyprus 5544: 5501: 5480:Zahari Stoyanov 5468:Petko Karavelov 5426:Georgi Rakovski 5404: 5344:North Macedonia 5315:Steven Runciman 5290:Tatra Mountains 5200: 5188: 5162: 5130: 5110:Žyvie Bielaruś! 5079: 5048: 5016: 4979: 4974: 4959: 4936: 4790: 4766: 4711:Ottoman dynasty 4666: 4604: 4573: 4510: 4494: 4482: 4419:Noli Me Tángere 4401: 4390: 4384: 4381: 4366: 4350: 4325: 4242:State of Israel 4192: 4118: 4102:Qaboos bin Said 4098: 4080:for a total of 4045: 3946: 3908: 3843: 3816: 3800: 3777:Taejo Wang Geon 3762: 3730: 3640:Western culture 3613: 3602: 3596: 3593: 3578: 3562: 3536: 3488: 3474: 3461: 3428: 3423: 3384:decades later. 3356: 3326:Cyrus the Great 3314:1979 Revolution 3282:Cyrus the Great 3279: 3274: 3273: 3272: 3271: 3270: 3267: 3259: 3258: 3255: 3247: 3246: 3243: 3235: 3234: 3231: 3154: 3121: 3109:Kumul Rebellion 3098: 3090:Northern Cyprus 3030: 3025: 3024: 3023: 3022: 3021: 3018: 3010: 3009: 3006: 2998: 2997: 2994: 2986: 2985: 2982: 2974: 2973: 2970: 2858:In 221 BC, the 2827: 2820: 2781: 2755: 2735:Ngawang Namgyal 2732: 2606: 2587: 2514: 2492:Ahmad Shah the 2459: 2454: 2403: 2317: 2311: 2296: 2255: 2240: 2190:1811 revolution 2179: 2163: 2098: 2067:Mariano Jiménez 2051:Mariano Abasolo 2043:Ignacio Allende 2031: 1996: 1968: 1927: 1915: 1904: 1893: 1874: 1860:with help from 1838: 1811: 1768: 1726: 1703: 1665: 1659: 1616: 1597: 1582: 1539: 1527:Lynden Pindling 1524: 1495:Manuel Belgrano 1489:surprise attack 1423: 1418: 1405:Dumiso Dabengwa 1375:James Chikerema 1370:George Nyandoro 1350:Herbert Chitepo 1320:Rekayi Tangwena 1312: 1299: 1285: 1244: 1225: 1200:Habib Bourguiba 1197: 1171: 1151: 1063: 1052: 1024: 1004: 984: 960:Moses Wilkinson 937: 913:Obafemi Awolowo 901:Dennis Osadebay 868:Anthony Enahoro 843:Obafemi Awolowo 812: 797:Hendrik Witbooi 771: 763:King of Morocco 736: 704:Idris Al-sanusi 700: 665: 638: 600: 585: 554: 539: 466: 434:Patrice Lumumba 431: 416: 385: 353:Blaise Compaoré 341:first president 333:Maurice Yaméogo 330: 325: 295: 284: 283: 282: 277: 266: 260: 257: 214: 212: 202: 190: 175: 164: 158: 155: 140: 128: 124: 113: 107: 104: 88: 52: 48: 41: 35: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 13309: 13299: 13298: 13293: 13288: 13271: 13270: 13267: 13266: 13264: 13263: 13258: 13253: 13248: 13243: 13238: 13233: 13228: 13222: 13220: 13216: 13215: 13213: 13212: 13207: 13205:Internet-based 13202: 13197: 13191: 13189: 13182: 13176: 13175: 13173: 13172: 13167: 13161: 13159: 13155: 13154: 13152: 13151: 13146: 13136: 13130: 13128: 13122: 13121: 13116: 13115: 13108: 13101: 13093: 13084: 13083: 13081: 13080: 13075: 13069: 13067: 13063: 13062: 13060: 13059: 13054: 13049: 13048: 13047: 13037: 13032: 13027: 13022: 13017: 13012: 13011: 13010: 12999: 12997: 12993: 12992: 12990: 12989: 12984: 12979: 12978: 12977: 12972: 12962: 12957: 12952: 12947: 12942: 12937: 12932: 12927: 12922: 12917: 12911: 12909: 12905: 12904: 12892: 12891: 12884: 12877: 12869: 12861: 12860: 12846: 12831:on 4 July 2018 12811: 12804: 12781: 12774: 12751: 12744: 12724: 12717: 12697: 12690: 12670: 12663: 12643: 12608: 12601: 12583: 12566: 12552:, ed. (2007). 12550:Lynch, Michael 12541: 12532:Pottinger, Don 12519: 12501: 12478: 12466: 12454: 12447: 12427: 12408: 12377: 12359: 12347: 12319: 12296: 12271: 12255: 12237: 12225:Britannica.com 12212: 12184: 12168: 12140: 12128: 12102: 12091:. 13 June 2019 12068: 12050: 12024: 12013:. 30 June 2015 11998: 11978: 11972:. p. 56. 11958: 11933: 11926: 11906: 11894: 11876: 11858: 11844: 11816: 11787: 11769: 11739: 11724: 11704: 11698:Brewer, David 11691: 11678: 11668: 11648: 11641: 11621: 11611: 11585: 11557: 11548: 11539: 11527: 11520: 11493: 11486: 11466: 11454:Britannica.com 11441: 11426: 11409: 11402: 11375: 11360: 11340: 11320: 11301: 11281: 11269: 11262: 11242: 11227: 11214: 11195: 11169: 11157: 11128: 11116: 11103: 11095: 11029:(3): 274–285. 11010: 11001:|website= 10967: 10949: 10931: 10906: 10892: 10866: 10849: 10842: 10822: 10815: 10795: 10788: 10768: 10761: 10738: 10731: 10711: 10704: 10684: 10651: 10638:Islam, Sirajul 10624: 10598: 10564: 10531: 10521: 10500: 10490: 10461: 10443: 10430: 10418:Venezlon.co.uk 10405: 10387: 10357: 10327: 10325:, pp. 237–238. 10321:Timothy Anna, 10314: 10282: 10250: 10228:(in Spanish). 10209: 10198: 10187:. 27 June 2013 10172: 10161:. 27 June 2013 10146: 10135:on 9 June 2017 10115: 10096: 10083: 10072:on 1 June 2013 10051: 10019: 9993: 9964: 9938: 9912: 9886: 9858: 9845: 9814: 9803: 9780: 9772: 9746: 9733: 9714: 9686:on 17 May 2008 9654: 9628: 9616: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9602: 9599: 9598: 9597: 9587: 9571: 9568: 9560: 9557: 9548: 9545: 9533: 9530: 9529: 9528: 9522: 9508: 9493:Romano-British 9477:Magnus Maximus 9472: 9469: 9468: 9467: 9462: 9457: 9450: 9447: 9446: 9445: 9413: 9372:Vladimir Lenin 9354: 9347: 9346: 9334: 9327: 9326: 9325: 9324: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9317: 9316: 9308: 9305: 9259: 9256: 9255: 9254: 9248: 9234:Russian Empire 9227: 9205: 9171: 9155: 9154:Russian Empire 9152: 9148:Ottoman Empire 9124:Seljuk dynasty 9100: 9099:Ottoman Empire 9097: 9051:) and his son 9034: 9031: 9021:conceived the 9003: 9000: 8971: 8968: 8967: 8966: 8963:Czechoslovakia 8954: 8953:Czechoslovakia 8951: 8926: 8923: 8894: 8891: 8835:Battle of Badr 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8795:George Tupou I 8782:George Tupou I 8774: 8771: 8767:Prime Minister 8763:Michael Somare 8755: 8752: 8740:William Hobson 8726:, drafted the 8704: 8701: 8688: 8685: 8669: 8666: 8658:Andon Amaraich 8651: 8648: 8647: 8646: 8643:British Empire 8632: 8625: 8615: 8590: 8587: 8586: 8585: 8567: 8552: 8545:Arthur Phillip 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8518:Lateran Treaty 8507: 8504: 8477:Robert Walpole 8465:United Kingdom 8449:James VI and I 8391:Robert Walpole 8383: 8382:United Kingdom 8380: 8330:who was first 8314: 8311: 8283:Jakob Stämpfli 8260: 8257: 8230: 8227: 8178: 8175: 8111: 8108: 8095: 8092: 8091: 8090: 8076: 8065:Ottoman Empire 8058: 8051:Serbian Empire 8039:Stefan Nemanja 8034: 8031: 8007: 8004: 8003: 8002: 7988: 7978:Vladimir Lenin 7975: 7964:Russian Empire 7941: 7922:Tsar of Russia 7920:was the first 7915: 7912:Tsar of Russia 7889: 7866: 7863: 7862: 7861: 7855: 7849: 7843: 7838:was the first 7833: 7827: 7805: 7782: 7768: 7765:Eastern Thrace 7736: 7733: 7732: 7731: 7726:, through the 7697: 7684:that resisted 7673: 7670: 7669: 7668: 7629:Polish Legions 7614: 7596: 7577:Wincenty Witos 7574: 7563:discrimination 7553:, which after 7503: 7460: 7435: 7402:(1918–22) and 7400:Chief of State 7353: 7352: 7306: 7283:King of Poland 7276: 7237:King of Poland 7206: 7205: 7198:King of Poland 7077:King of Poland 7073:Duke of Poland 7066: 7018: 7017: 7001: 7000: 6951: 6949: 6942: 6926: 6923: 6922: 6921: 6898: 6893:, who unified 6886: 6883: 6871: 6868: 6847: 6844: 6836:Ottoman Empire 6828: 6825: 6824: 6823: 6801: 6798:Rock of Monaco 6794:Lord of Monaco 6785: 6782: 6781: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6763: 6760: 6744: 6741: 6734: 6731: 6698: 6695: 6694: 6693: 6687: 6669: 6657: 6654: 6642:Kārlis Ulmanis 6637: 6634: 6618:Ibrahim Rugova 6613: 6610: 6609: 6608: 6571: 6540: 6515: 6512: 6511: 6510: 6507:Lombard League 6489: 6476: 6451: 6448:Cisalpine Gaul 6441: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6384:James Connolly 6380:Patrick Pearse 6343: 6340: 6328:Jón Sigurðsson 6324: 6321: 6287:in 896 AD was 6268: 6265: 6264: 6263: 6257: 6235: 6210: 6200: 6181: 6178: 6177: 6176: 6166: 6157: 6143: 6134: 6131:Greek language 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6106:modern Germany 6078:Herrenchiemsee 6059:Richard Wagner 6024: 6021: 6020: 6019: 6006: 6000:Prime Minister 5996:Noe Ramishvili 5993: 5984: 5973: 5970: 5969: 5968: 5946: 5931: 5905: 5883: 5866:: King of the 5861: 5837: 5834: 5822: 5819: 5811:Edgar Savisaar 5807: 5804: 5803: 5802: 5788: 5777: 5763: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5713: 5698:Czechoslovakia 5683: 5669: 5659: 5653: 5643: 5633: 5611: 5610:Czech Republic 5608: 5573:Greek Cypriots 5543: 5540: 5539: 5538: 5528: 5525:Ante Starčević 5522: 5512: 5500: 5497: 5496: 5495: 5489: 5483: 5477: 5471: 5465: 5459: 5453: 5447: 5441: 5435: 5432:Dragan Tsankov 5429: 5423: 5417: 5411: 5403: 5400: 5399: 5398: 5369: 5347: 5329: 5293: 5271: 5268:Volga Bulgaria 5233: 5230:Great Bulgaria 5223: 5199: 5196: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5176:Ottoman Sultan 5169: 5161: 5158: 5138:Charles Rogier 5129: 5126: 5125: 5124: 5114: 5098: 5095:Russian Empire 5078: 5075: 5047: 5044: 5015: 5012: 5008:prime minister 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4958: 4955: 4935: 4932: 4840:Timurid Empire 4789: 4786: 4770:Trucial states 4765: 4762: 4761: 4760: 4742: 4732: 4721:Constantinople 4714: 4700: 4665: 4662: 4661: 4660: 4657:Chakri dynasty 4646: 4641:following the 4632: 4615: 4603: 4600: 4572: 4569: 4531:prime minister 4509: 4506: 4493: 4490: 4486:State of Qatar 4481: 4478: 4403: 4402: 4353: 4351: 4344: 4324: 4321: 4277:right to exist 4191: 4188: 4152:Muhammad Iqbal 4117: 4114: 4097: 4094: 4090:King Gyanendra 4044: 4041: 3992:Burma campaign 3945: 3942: 3907: 3904: 3884:Prime Minister 3880:Prime Minister 3842: 3839: 3831:Souphanouvoung 3815: 3812: 3799: 3796: 3761: 3758: 3729: 3726: 3692:Gennady Kolbin 3657:Butyrka prison 3615: 3614: 3565: 3563: 3556: 3535: 3532: 3487: 3484: 3422: 3419: 3355: 3352: 3296:gather at his 3278: 3275: 3268: 3261: 3260: 3256: 3249: 3248: 3245:Mohammad Hatta 3244: 3237: 3236: 3232: 3225: 3224: 3223: 3222: 3221: 3200:of Indonesia. 3198:Vice President 3178:Mohammad Hatta 3158:Mohammad Hatta 3153: 3150: 3138:Mahatma Gandhi 3128:Mahatma Gandhi 3120: 3117: 3097: 3096:East Turkistan 3094: 3059:Greek Cypriots 3029: 3026: 3019: 3012: 3011: 3007: 3000: 2999: 2995: 2988: 2987: 2983: 2976: 2975: 2972:Yellow Thearch 2971: 2964: 2963: 2962: 2961: 2960: 2862:completed the 2831:Yellow Thearch 2819: 2816: 2780: 2777: 2754: 2751: 2731: 2728: 2706:Tajuddin Ahmad 2703:prime minister 2696:vice-president 2692: 2691: 2669: 2647: 2605: 2602: 2586: 2583: 2582: 2581: 2567: 2513: 2510: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2402: 2399: 2313:Main article: 2310: 2307: 2295: 2292: 2254: 2251: 2239: 2236: 2178: 2175: 2162: 2159: 2155:Fruto Chamorro 2127:First Popular 2109:First Popular 2097: 2094: 2079:Víctor Rosales 2030: 2027: 2023:United Kingdom 1995: 1992: 1967: 1964: 1926: 1923: 1914: 1911: 1903: 1900: 1892: 1889: 1873: 1870: 1845:Ten Years' War 1837: 1834: 1830:William Walker 1810: 1807: 1799:Antonio Nariño 1767: 1764: 1760:Diego Portales 1746:Diego Portales 1725: 1722: 1714:Michael Manley 1710:Forbes Burnham 1702: 1699: 1691:Queen Victoria 1661:Main article: 1658: 1655: 1615: 1612: 1596: 1593: 1581: 1578: 1574:British Empire 1552:. Initially a 1538: 1535: 1523: 1520: 1509:Afro-Argentine 1485:mountain range 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1412: 1410:Lookout Masuku 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1380:Solomon Mujuru 1377: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1292:Prime Minister 1284: 1281: 1277:Harry Nkumbula 1273:Simon Kapwepwe 1257:Kenneth Kaunda 1251:Kenneth Kaunda 1243: 1240: 1224: 1221: 1196: 1193: 1189:Julius Nyerere 1178:Julius Nyerere 1170: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1159: 1150: 1147: 1146: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1123:Robert Sobukwe 1120: 1118:Raymond Mhlaba 1115: 1113:Ahmed Kathrada 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1081:anti-apartheid 1074:F. W. de Klerk 1066:Nelson Mandela 1062: 1059: 1051: 1048: 1023: 1020: 1003: 1000: 983: 980: 944:Black American 936: 933: 917:Nnamdi Azikiwe 905: 904: 898: 892: 885: 878: 871: 864: 853: 846: 839: 836:Nnamdi Azikiwe 832: 826: 819: 811: 808: 807: 806: 800: 794: 788: 782: 770: 767: 752:Sharif bin Ali 748:'Alawi dynasty 735: 732: 699: 696: 664: 661: 653:United Kingdom 645:Prime Minister 637: 634: 599: 596: 592:United Kingdom 584: 581: 553: 550: 538: 535: 531:prime minister 465: 462: 446:Jean Bolikango 442:Albert Kalonji 430: 427: 415: 412: 388:Amílcar Cabral 384: 381: 377:Ibrahim Traoré 357:Thomas Sankara 329: 326: 324: 321: 297: 296: 279: 278: 193: 191: 184: 177: 176: 131: 129: 122: 115: 114: 94: 92: 82: 56: 55: 53: 46: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13308: 13297: 13294: 13292: 13289: 13287: 13284: 13283: 13281: 13262: 13259: 13257: 13254: 13252: 13249: 13247: 13244: 13242: 13239: 13237: 13234: 13232: 13229: 13227: 13224: 13223: 13221: 13217: 13211: 13208: 13206: 13203: 13201: 13198: 13196: 13193: 13192: 13190: 13186: 13183: 13181: 13180:Entrepreneurs 13177: 13171: 13168: 13166: 13163: 13162: 13160: 13156: 13150: 13147: 13144: 13140: 13137: 13135: 13132: 13131: 13129: 13127: 13123: 13114: 13109: 13107: 13102: 13100: 13095: 13094: 13091: 13079: 13076: 13074: 13071: 13070: 13068: 13064: 13058: 13055: 13053: 13050: 13046: 13043: 13042: 13041: 13038: 13036: 13033: 13031: 13028: 13026: 13023: 13021: 13018: 13016: 13013: 13009: 13006: 13005: 13004: 13001: 13000: 12998: 12994: 12988: 12985: 12983: 12980: 12976: 12973: 12971: 12968: 12967: 12966: 12963: 12961: 12958: 12956: 12953: 12951: 12948: 12946: 12943: 12941: 12938: 12936: 12933: 12931: 12928: 12926: 12923: 12921: 12918: 12916: 12913: 12912: 12910: 12906: 12901: 12897: 12890: 12885: 12883: 12878: 12876: 12871: 12870: 12867: 12856: 12850: 12843: 12830: 12826: 12822: 12815: 12807: 12801: 12797: 12796: 12791: 12785: 12777: 12771: 12767: 12766: 12761: 12755: 12747: 12741: 12737: 12736: 12728: 12720: 12714: 12710: 12709: 12701: 12693: 12687: 12683: 12682: 12674: 12666: 12660: 12656: 12655: 12647: 12639: 12635: 12631: 12627: 12623: 12619: 12612: 12604: 12598: 12594: 12587: 12580: 12578: 12574: 12569: 12567:9780199234820 12563: 12559: 12555: 12551: 12545: 12537: 12533: 12529: 12523: 12516: 12504: 12498: 12491: 12490: 12482: 12475: 12470: 12463: 12458: 12450: 12444: 12440: 12439: 12431: 12423: 12419: 12412: 12406: 12402: 12399:, July 2009, 12398: 12394: 12393:Darrell Tryon 12390: 12386: 12381: 12374: 12373: 12368: 12363: 12356: 12355:Article Title 12351: 12335: 12334: 12329: 12323: 12316: 12315:Gloria Arroyo 12313:by President 12312: 12308: 12305: 12300: 12285: 12281: 12275: 12268: 12264: 12259: 12251: 12247: 12241: 12226: 12222: 12216: 12200: 12199: 12194: 12188: 12181: 12177: 12172: 12156: 12155: 12150: 12144: 12137: 12132: 12116: 12112: 12106: 12090: 12086: 12082: 12078: 12072: 12064: 12060: 12054: 12038: 12034: 12028: 12012: 12008: 12002: 11995: 11991: 11990: 11982: 11975: 11971: 11970: 11962: 11947: 11943: 11937: 11929: 11927:9780521597333 11923: 11919: 11918: 11910: 11903: 11898: 11890: 11886: 11880: 11872: 11868: 11862: 11854: 11848: 11832: 11831: 11826: 11820: 11804: 11803: 11798: 11791: 11785: 11781: 11778: 11773: 11757: 11753: 11749: 11743: 11735: 11731: 11727: 11725:91-7155-148-4 11721: 11717: 11716: 11708: 11701: 11695: 11688: 11682: 11675: 11671: 11665: 11661: 11660: 11652: 11644: 11642:9789536359400 11638: 11634: 11633: 11625: 11615: 11599: 11595: 11589: 11583: 11582:954-427-216-X 11579: 11575: 11571: 11567: 11561: 11552: 11543: 11536: 11531: 11523: 11521:9780520015968 11517: 11513: 11509: 11508: 11503: 11497: 11489: 11487:9781400838554 11483: 11479: 11478: 11470: 11455: 11451: 11445: 11438: 11437: 11433:As'ad Ghanem 11430: 11423: 11419: 11413: 11405: 11399: 11395: 11391: 11390: 11385: 11379: 11371: 11370:Yasser Arafat 11364: 11356: 11355: 11350: 11344: 11336: 11335: 11330: 11324: 11308: 11304: 11298: 11294: 11293: 11285: 11278: 11273: 11265: 11259: 11255: 11254: 11246: 11239: 11238: 11231: 11224: 11218: 11212: 11208: 11204: 11199: 11183: 11179: 11173: 11166: 11161: 11145: 11144: 11139: 11132: 11125: 11120: 11113: 11107: 11098: 11092: 11088: 11083: 11082: 11072: 11068: 11064: 11060: 11056: 11052: 11044: 11040: 11036: 11032: 11028: 11024: 11020: 11019:H.J. Van Mook 11014: 11006: 10994: 10979: 10978: 10971: 10965: 10961: 10958: 10953: 10945: 10941: 10935: 10919: 10913: 10911: 10895: 10893:9781443850810 10889: 10885: 10884: 10879: 10873: 10871: 10862: 10861: 10853: 10845: 10843:9781562945312 10839: 10835: 10834: 10826: 10818: 10816:9781387255351 10812: 10808: 10807: 10799: 10791: 10789:9787516616048 10785: 10781: 10780: 10772: 10764: 10762:9781135935627 10758: 10754: 10753: 10745: 10743: 10734: 10732:9780521124331 10728: 10724: 10723: 10715: 10707: 10705:9789882371132 10701: 10697: 10696: 10688: 10673: 10669: 10665: 10661: 10655: 10647: 10643: 10639: 10635: 10634:"Iliyas Shah" 10628: 10621: 10617: 10613: 10609: 10602: 10595: 10588: 10584: 10577: 10576: 10568: 10560: 10556: 10552: 10548: 10547: 10542: 10535: 10528: 10524: 10522:9780962871511 10518: 10514: 10510: 10504: 10497: 10493: 10491:9780520018051 10487: 10483: 10478: 10477: 10471: 10465: 10457: 10453: 10447: 10440: 10434: 10419: 10415: 10409: 10401: 10397: 10391: 10375: 10371: 10367: 10361: 10345: 10341: 10337: 10331: 10324: 10318: 10299: 10292: 10286: 10267: 10260: 10254: 10235: 10231: 10223: 10219: 10213: 10207: 10202: 10186: 10182: 10176: 10160: 10156: 10150: 10134: 10130: 10126: 10119: 10112: 10108: 10105: 10100: 10093: 10087: 10071: 10067: 10066: 10061: 10055: 10039: 10035: 10034: 10029: 10023: 10008: 10004: 9997: 9982: 9978: 9974: 9968: 9952: 9948: 9942: 9927: 9923: 9916: 9901: 9897: 9890: 9874: 9873: 9868: 9862: 9855: 9849: 9841: 9837: 9833: 9829: 9825: 9818: 9812: 9807: 9791: 9784: 9775: 9769: 9765: 9760: 9759: 9750: 9743: 9737: 9730: 9726: 9723: 9718: 9711: 9707: 9703: 9699: 9685: 9681: 9676: 9672: 9668: 9664: 9658: 9642: 9638: 9632: 9626: 9621: 9617: 9609: 9607: 9595: 9591: 9588: 9585: 9581: 9577: 9574: 9573: 9567: 9565: 9556: 9554: 9544: 9542: 9541:South Vietnam 9538: 9537:Ngô Đình Diệm 9526: 9523: 9520: 9516: 9512: 9509: 9506: 9502: 9498: 9494: 9490: 9486: 9482: 9478: 9475: 9474: 9466: 9463: 9461: 9458: 9456: 9453: 9452: 9443: 9442:Joseph Stalin 9439: 9435: 9434: 9429: 9425: 9421: 9417: 9414: 9411: 9407: 9403: 9399: 9395: 9391: 9387: 9383: 9379: 9378: 9373: 9370: 9369: 9362: 9358: 9351: 9342: 9338: 9331: 9314: 9313:Dobrica Ćosić 9311: 9310: 9304: 9302: 9298: 9290: 9289: 9283: 9281: 9277: 9273: 9269: 9268:King of Scots 9265: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9243: 9239: 9235: 9231: 9228: 9225: 9221: 9217: 9213: 9209: 9206: 9203: 9199: 9195: 9191: 9187: 9183: 9182:Dnieper River 9180:south to the 9179: 9175: 9172: 9169: 9165: 9161: 9158: 9157: 9151: 9149: 9145: 9142:of Anatolia. 9141: 9140:Turkification 9137: 9133: 9129: 9128:Seljuk Empire 9125: 9121: 9117: 9109: 9105: 9096: 9094: 9068: 9064: 9054: 9044: 9040: 9039:ancient Korea 9033:Ancient Korea 9030: 9028: 9024: 9020: 9016: 9012: 9008: 8999: 8997: 8993: 8989: 8985: 8981: 8977: 8964: 8960: 8957: 8956: 8950: 8948: 8944: 8940: 8936: 8932: 8922: 8920: 8916: 8912: 8908: 8904: 8900: 8890: 8888: 8884: 8880: 8875: 8872: 8868: 8864: 8861:converted to 8860: 8856: 8852: 8848: 8844: 8840: 8836: 8832: 8828: 8824: 8820: 8817: 8813: 8798: 8796: 8793: 8787: 8783: 8779: 8770: 8768: 8764: 8760: 8751: 8749: 8745: 8741: 8737: 8733: 8729: 8725: 8721: 8717: 8713: 8709: 8700: 8697: 8693: 8684: 8682: 8678: 8677:Kamisese Mara 8674: 8665: 8663: 8659: 8656: 8655:Chief Justice 8644: 8640: 8636: 8633: 8629: 8628:Alfred Deakin 8626: 8623: 8619: 8616: 8613: 8609: 8605: 8604: 8600: 8595: 8583: 8579: 8575: 8571: 8568: 8565: 8561: 8557: 8553: 8550: 8546: 8542: 8541: 8525: 8523: 8519: 8514: 8512: 8503: 8501: 8497: 8493: 8489: 8488:Edward Carson 8485: 8480: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8466: 8462: 8458: 8454: 8453:Great Britain 8450: 8445: 8443: 8439: 8435: 8430: 8426: 8422: 8418: 8414: 8410: 8406: 8402: 8398: 8392: 8388: 8379: 8377: 8373: 8371: 8367: 8363: 8359: 8357: 8353: 8349: 8344: 8343: 8339: 8335: 8333: 8329: 8328:Oleg the Wise 8325: 8323: 8319: 8310: 8308: 8304: 8300: 8296: 8292: 8288: 8284: 8280: 8276: 8272: 8268: 8267: 8256: 8254: 8250: 8246: 8244: 8240: 8236: 8226: 8224: 8220: 8216: 8212: 8208: 8204: 8200: 8196: 8192: 8183: 8174: 8172: 8171:Yugoslav Army 8168: 8164: 8160: 8156: 8152: 8148: 8144: 8140: 8139:Lojze Peterle 8136: 8132: 8128: 8124: 8123:Peter Jambrek 8120: 8116: 8107: 8105: 8101: 8100:Great Moravia 8088: 8084: 8080: 8077: 8074: 8070: 8066: 8062: 8059: 8056: 8052: 8048: 8044: 8040: 8037: 8036: 8030: 8028: 8024: 8020: 8019:island of Rab 8016: 8012: 8011:Saint Marinus 8000: 7996: 7992: 7991:Boris Yeltsin 7989: 7987: 7983: 7982:Soviet Russia 7979: 7976: 7973: 7969: 7965: 7961: 7957: 7953: 7949: 7945: 7942: 7939: 7935: 7931: 7927: 7923: 7919: 7916: 7913: 7909: 7905: 7901: 7897: 7893: 7890: 7887: 7883: 7880: 7876: 7872: 7869: 7868: 7859: 7856: 7853: 7850: 7847: 7844: 7841: 7837: 7834: 7831: 7828: 7825: 7821: 7817: 7813: 7809: 7806: 7803: 7799: 7795: 7790: 7789:great voivode 7786: 7783: 7780: 7776: 7772: 7769: 7766: 7762: 7758: 7754: 7750: 7746: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7729: 7725: 7721: 7717: 7713: 7709: 7705: 7701: 7698: 7695: 7691: 7687: 7683: 7679: 7676: 7675: 7666: 7662: 7661:Haller's Army 7658: 7654: 7650: 7646: 7642: 7638: 7635:(the highest 7634: 7630: 7626: 7622: 7618: 7615: 7612: 7608: 7604: 7600: 7597: 7594: 7590: 7586: 7582: 7578: 7575: 7572: 7568: 7567:Germanisation 7564: 7560: 7556: 7552: 7551:Upper Silesia 7548: 7544: 7540: 7539: 7535: 7531: 7527: 7523: 7519: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7504: 7501: 7497: 7494:. He was the 7493: 7489: 7484: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7468: 7464: 7461: 7458: 7454: 7450: 7447:, statesman, 7446: 7443: 7439: 7438:Roman Dmowski 7436: 7433: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7417: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7404:First Marshal 7401: 7397: 7393: 7390: 7389: 7388: 7386: 7378: 7374: 7370: 7366: 7362: 7357: 7350: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7330: 7329:United States 7326: 7322: 7318: 7314: 7310: 7307: 7304: 7300: 7296: 7292: 7288: 7284: 7280: 7277: 7274: 7270: 7266: 7262: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7242: 7238: 7234: 7230: 7227: 7226: 7222: 7218: 7214: 7210: 7203: 7199: 7195: 7191: 7187: 7183: 7179: 7175: 7171: 7167: 7163: 7159: 7158: 7153: 7149: 7145: 7141: 7137: 7133: 7129: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7114: 7110: 7106: 7102: 7098: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7083:by his wife, 7082: 7078: 7074: 7070: 7067: 7064: 7060: 7059: 7054: 7049: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7033: 7030: 7029: 7028: 7026: 7022: 7015: 7011: 7008: 7007: 7006: 6997: 6994: 6986: 6976: 6972: 6968: 6962: 6961: 6957: 6952:This section 6950: 6946: 6941: 6940: 6935: 6931: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6907: 6903: 6899: 6896: 6892: 6889: 6888: 6882: 6880: 6876: 6875:Kiro Gligorov 6867: 6865: 6861: 6857: 6853: 6843: 6841: 6837: 6833: 6821: 6817: 6813: 6809: 6805: 6802: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6788: 6787: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6765: 6759: 6757: 6753: 6749: 6740: 6739: 6730: 6728: 6724: 6720: 6716: 6712: 6708: 6707:Statehood Day 6704: 6691: 6688: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6673: 6670: 6667: 6663: 6660: 6659: 6656:Liechtenstein 6653: 6651: 6647: 6643: 6633: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6619: 6606: 6602: 6598: 6594: 6590: 6586: 6582: 6581: 6576: 6572: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6553: 6549: 6545: 6541: 6538: 6537: 6531: 6528: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6497: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6484: 6480: 6477: 6474: 6470: 6466: 6465: 6459: 6455: 6452: 6449: 6445: 6444:Julius Caesar 6442: 6440: 6436: 6433:, founder of 6432: 6429: 6428: 6425: 6421: 6407: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6388:Éamonn Ceannt 6385: 6381: 6377: 6373: 6372:Easter Rising 6369: 6365: 6361: 6360:Cathal Brugha 6357: 6353: 6349: 6339: 6337: 6333: 6329: 6320: 6318: 6314: 6313:Pater Patriae 6310: 6309:Lajos Kossuth 6306: 6302: 6298: 6294: 6290: 6286: 6282: 6279:who made the 6278: 6274: 6271:According to 6261: 6258: 6255: 6251: 6247: 6243: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6230: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6211: 6208: 6204: 6203:Rigas Feraios 6201: 6199: 6195: 6191: 6187: 6184: 6183: 6174: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6161: 6158: 6155: 6151: 6148:(594 BC) and 6147: 6144: 6142: 6138: 6135: 6132: 6128: 6124: 6121: 6120: 6109: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6093: 6087: 6083: 6079: 6075: 6070: 6068: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6052: 6048: 6044: 6040: 6033: 6029: 6018: 6014: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6001: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5979: 5976: 5975: 5966: 5962: 5958: 5954: 5950: 5947: 5944: 5940: 5936: 5932: 5929: 5925: 5922:(1805–1814), 5921: 5920:King of Italy 5918:(1802–1805), 5917: 5913: 5909: 5906: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5891: 5887: 5884: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5868:Salian Franks 5865: 5862: 5859: 5855: 5854:Julius Caesar 5851: 5847: 5843: 5842:Vercingetorix 5840: 5839: 5833: 5831: 5827: 5818: 5816: 5812: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5791:Niels Ebbesen 5789: 5786: 5785:Jelling stone 5781: 5778: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5764: 5761: 5760:Gesta Danorum 5757: 5753: 5749: 5745: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5736:Niels Ebbesen 5733: 5727: 5723: 5711: 5707: 5703: 5699: 5695: 5691: 5687: 5684: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5672:Tomáš Masaryk 5670: 5667: 5663: 5660: 5657: 5654: 5651: 5650:Statehood Day 5647: 5644: 5641: 5637: 5634: 5631: 5627: 5626: 5621: 5617: 5614: 5613: 5607: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5593: 5589: 5584: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5563: 5560: 5559:autocephalous 5556: 5552: 5549:(1913–1977), 5548: 5536: 5532: 5531:Franjo Tuđman 5529: 5526: 5523: 5520: 5516: 5513: 5510: 5506: 5503: 5502: 5493: 5490: 5487: 5484: 5481: 5478: 5475: 5472: 5469: 5466: 5463: 5460: 5457: 5454: 5451: 5448: 5445: 5442: 5439: 5436: 5433: 5430: 5427: 5424: 5421: 5418: 5415: 5412: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5396: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5381: 5377: 5373: 5370: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5348: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5333: 5330: 5327: 5323: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5304: 5301: 5300:Christianized 5297: 5294: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5234: 5231: 5227: 5224: 5221: 5217: 5213: 5209: 5205: 5202: 5201: 5195: 5193: 5180: 5177: 5173: 5170: 5167: 5164: 5163: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5122: 5118: 5115: 5112: 5111: 5106: 5102: 5099: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5081: 5080: 5074: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5043: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5011: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4969: 4967: 4963: 4954: 4952: 4948: 4944: 4943:Lạc Long Quân 4940: 4931: 4929: 4925: 4924:Central Asian 4921: 4917: 4916:Joseph Stalin 4913: 4909: 4908:Uzbek culture 4905: 4901: 4896: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4882: 4878: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4843: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4827: 4823: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4795: 4785: 4783: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4743: 4740: 4736: 4733: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4718: 4715: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4701: 4698: 4694: 4690: 4686: 4685:Seljuk Empire 4682: 4679: 4678: 4674: 4670: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4647: 4644: 4640: 4639:reunited Siam 4636: 4633: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4616: 4613: 4609: 4608:Si Inthrathit 4606: 4605: 4599: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4576:Prince Vijaya 4566: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4552: 4548: 4544: 4541:country to a 4540: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4505: 4503: 4499: 4489: 4487: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4440:Generalissimo 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4399: 4396: 4388: 4378: 4374: 4370: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4354:This section 4352: 4348: 4343: 4342: 4337: 4333: 4329: 4320: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4286: 4282: 4281:UN resolution 4278: 4274: 4270: 4265: 4263: 4259: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4210:Yasser Arafat 4204: 4200: 4199:Yasser Arafat 4196: 4187: 4184: 4179: 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4137: 4130: 4126: 4122: 4113: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4093: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4040: 4038: 4034: 4033:military coup 4030: 4026: 4021: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4009: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3993: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3956: 3954: 3950: 3941: 3939: 3935: 3934:communist-era 3931: 3927: 3926:Mongol Empire 3923: 3916: 3912: 3903: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3872:Bapa Malaysia 3869: 3865: 3861: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3838: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3811: 3809: 3805: 3795: 3793: 3789: 3784: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3757: 3755: 3754: 3749: 3742: 3738: 3734: 3725: 3723: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3662: 3658: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3644:Kazakh steppe 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3611: 3608: 3600: 3590: 3586: 3582: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3566:This section 3564: 3560: 3555: 3554: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3531: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3508: 3506: 3502: 3496: 3492: 3483: 3481: 3472: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3449: 3442: 3441: 3427: 3426:Emperor Jimmu 3418: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3399: 3397: 3396:Labor Zionism 3393: 3389: 3385: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3374:Theodor Herzl 3368: 3364: 3363:Theodor Herzl 3360: 3351: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3265: 3257:Sutan Sjahrir 3253: 3241: 3229: 3220: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3201: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3166:Sutan Syahrir 3163: 3159: 3149: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3116: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3101:Sabit Damolla 3093: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3070: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3049: 3046: 3045:autocephalous 3042: 3038: 3035:(1913–1977), 3034: 3016: 3004: 2996:Qin Shi Huang 2992: 2980: 2968: 2959: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2940: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2912: 2911: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2891: 2890:Qin Shi Huang 2880: 2879: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2856: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2840: 2837:, one of the 2836: 2832: 2825: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2799: 2795: 2794:Jayavarman II 2791: 2789: 2785: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2760: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2727: 2725: 2721: 2718: 2717:home minister 2714: 2711: 2707: 2704: 2700: 2697: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2638: 2634: 2633:Bengal region 2630: 2626: 2622: 2621: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2601: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2570:Aram Manukian 2568: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2522: 2521:Aram Manukian 2518: 2509: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2496: 2495: 2489: 2485: 2481: 2477: 2471: 2468:, founder of 2467: 2463: 2449: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2434:Gran Colombia 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2414:Gran Colombia 2411: 2407: 2406:Simón Bolívar 2398: 2396: 2392: 2391:James Madison 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2359: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2329: 2328:Pater Patriae 2325: 2321: 2316: 2309:United States 2306: 2304: 2300: 2291: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2276:Simón Bolívar 2273: 2267: 2263: 2262:Simón Bolívar 2259: 2253:South America 2250: 2248: 2247:Simón Bolívar 2244: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2213: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2174: 2172: 2168: 2158: 2156: 2152: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2131:of Nicaragua" 2130: 2124: 2118: 2116: 2112: 2106: 2102: 2093: 2091: 2087: 2082: 2081:(1776–1817). 2080: 2076: 2073:(1789–1817), 2072: 2069:(1781–1811), 2068: 2065:(1762–1814), 2064: 2060: 2057:(1765–1815), 2056: 2053:(1783–1816), 2052: 2049:(1774–1811), 2048: 2045:(1769–1811), 2044: 2041:(1753–1811), 2040: 2036: 2026: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1999:Norman Manley 1991: 1990:(1805–1871). 1989: 1985: 1982:(1792–1842), 1981: 1978:(1781–1850), 1977: 1974:(1777–1834), 1973: 1963: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1922: 1920: 1910: 1908: 1899: 1897: 1888: 1886: 1882: 1879:(1816–1864), 1878: 1869: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1854: 1852: 1848: 1847:(1868–1878). 1846: 1842: 1833: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1806: 1804: 1803:Camilo Torres 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1775:Gran Colombia 1772: 1771:Simón Bolívar 1763: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1730: 1721: 1719: 1718:Eric Williams 1715: 1711: 1707: 1698: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1673:Charlottetown 1670: 1664: 1654: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1638: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1611: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1600:Simón Bolívar 1592: 1590: 1586: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1512:camp follower 1510: 1506: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1469: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1436: 1432: 1427: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1353: 1351: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1340:Simon Muzenda 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1301:Robert Mugabe 1297: 1293: 1289: 1288:Abel Muzorewa 1280: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1252: 1248: 1239: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1220: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1192: 1190: 1186: 1179: 1175: 1163: 1160: 1156: 1153: 1152: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1098:Walter Sisulu 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1082: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1058: 1056: 1047: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1019: 1017: 1013: 1008: 1007:James Mancham 999: 997: 993: 989: 979: 977: 973: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 948:Thomas Peters 945: 941: 932: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 902: 899: 896: 893: 890: 886: 883: 879: 876: 872: 869: 865: 862: 858: 854: 851: 847: 844: 840: 837: 833: 830: 827: 824: 820: 817: 814: 813: 804: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 776: 773: 772: 766: 764: 760: 755: 753: 749: 745: 741: 731: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 695: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 660: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 641:Jomo Kenyatta 633: 631: 627: 626:African Union 623: 622:Kwame Nkrumah 618: 616: 612: 608: 604: 595: 593: 589: 588:Kwame Nkrumah 580: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 549: 547: 543: 534: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 499:Saad Zaghloul 495: 493: 489: 485: 478: 474: 473:Saad Zaghloul 470: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 426: 424: 420: 411: 409: 405: 401: 397: 393: 392:Guinea-Bissau 389: 380: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 320: 318: 314: 310: 306: 301: 293: 290: 275: 272: 264: 253: 250: 246: 243: 239: 236: 232: 229: 225: 222: – 221: 217: 216:Find sources: 210: 206: 200: 199: 194:This article 192: 188: 183: 182: 173: 170: 162: 152: 148: 144: 138: 137: 132:This article 130: 121: 120: 111: 102: 98: 95:This list is 93: 86: 85: 80: 78: 71: 70: 65: 64: 59: 54: 45: 44: 40: 33: 26: 22: 13142: 13024: 12955:Patron saint 12915:Coat of arms 12849: 12840: 12833:. Retrieved 12829:the original 12824: 12814: 12794: 12790:Davies, John 12784: 12764: 12760:Davies, John 12754: 12734: 12727: 12707: 12700: 12680: 12673: 12653: 12646: 12621: 12611: 12592: 12586: 12576: 12572: 12571: 12557: 12544: 12535: 12522: 12513: 12506:. Retrieved 12488: 12481: 12469: 12457: 12437: 12430: 12421: 12417: 12411: 12396: 12388: 12380: 12370: 12362: 12350: 12338:. Retrieved 12331: 12322: 12299: 12287:. Retrieved 12283: 12274: 12258: 12249: 12240: 12228:. Retrieved 12224: 12215: 12203:. Retrieved 12201:. 2 May 2004 12196: 12187: 12179: 12171: 12159:. Retrieved 12152: 12143: 12131: 12119:. Retrieved 12114: 12105: 12093:. Retrieved 12080: 12071: 12063:alfreddeakin 12062: 12053: 12041:. Retrieved 12037:the original 12027: 12015:. Retrieved 12010: 12001: 11993: 11988: 11981: 11973: 11968: 11961: 11949:. Retrieved 11945: 11936: 11916: 11909: 11897: 11888: 11879: 11870: 11861: 11847: 11835:. Retrieved 11828: 11819: 11807:. Retrieved 11800: 11790: 11772: 11760:. 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Retrieved 9783: 9757: 9749: 9741: 9736: 9717: 9688:. Retrieved 9684:the original 9674: 9670: 9666: 9662: 9657: 9645:. Retrieved 9641:Congo Planet 9640: 9631: 9620: 9604: 9562: 9550: 9535: 9497:Roman Empire 9431: 9416:Leon Trotsky 9382:Soviet Union 9375: 9337:Soviet Union 9320:Soviet Union 9287: 9284: 9262:It was King 9261: 9113: 9093:Gaecheonjeol 9067:Gaecheonjeol 9036: 9019:Kamehameha I 9005: 8982:kingdoms of 8974:It was King 8973: 8928: 8896: 8876: 8853:, including 8849:sent across 8809: 8790: 8757: 8708:Maori people 8706: 8690: 8671: 8653: 8608:Henry Parkes 8599:Henry Parkes 8560:penal colony 8522:Pope Pius XI 8515: 8509: 8506:Vatican City 8500:Donald Dewar 8481: 8472: 8469:Act of Union 8463:, while the 8446: 8405:Royal Family 8395: 8374: 8360: 8345: 8336: 8326: 8316: 8287:Jonas Furrer 8264: 8262: 8247: 8232: 8222: 8188: 8115:France Bučar 8113: 8097: 8023:Adriatic Sea 8009: 7986:Soviet Union 7934:Zemsky Sobor 7824:Transylvania 7819: 7745:Adriatic Sea 7715: 7660: 7609:, formed in 7591:, formed in 7543:paramilitary 7536: 7382: 7265:early modern 7201: 7178:Red Ruthenia 7155: 7148:Sviatopolk I 7058:Dagome iudex 7056: 7019: 7014:Polans tribe 7004: 6989: 6980: 6965:Please help 6953: 6917: 6914:Eidsvoll Men 6913: 6900:Usually the 6873: 6863: 6855: 6849: 6830: 6748:Anthony Mamo 6746: 6736: 6700: 6684:Lichtenstein 6676:Schellenberg 6639: 6615: 6603:and liberal 6578: 6575:anti-fascist 6562:. Italy was 6533: 6514:Modern Italy 6483:Christianity 6481:, legalized 6472: 6468: 6463: 6458:Roman Empire 6345: 6326: 6312: 6270: 6104:founders of 6097: 6089: 6071: 6036: 5961:World War II 5935:Napoleon III 5824: 5809: 5766:Gorm the Old 5726:Gorm the Old 5686:Václav Havel 5630:Czech nation 5623: 5592:Makarios III 5588:Rauf Denktaş 5586:Conversely, 5585: 5547:Makarios III 5545: 5474:Hristo Botev 5456:Vasil Drumev 5450:Ekzarh Yosif 5444:Vasil Levski 5422:(1799–1871)) 5408:Petar Bogdan 5244:Lower Danube 5189: 5131: 5108: 5101:Janka Kupała 5063:World War II 5049: 5017: 4996:Ismail Kemal 4994: 4986:Ismail Kemal 4960: 4937: 4928:Soviet Union 4897: 4893:Central Asia 4874: 4844: 4830: 4791: 4767: 4756: 4723:(modern-day 4587: 4574: 4527:Lee Kuan Yew 4525: 4517:Lee Kuan Yew 4495: 4492:Saudi Arabia 4483: 4474:Saudi Arabia 4460:Manuel Roxas 4423: 4417: 4406: 4391: 4382: 4367:Please help 4355: 4313:Palestinians 4297:Oslo Accords 4266: 4230:anti-Zionism 4207: 4180: 4148:nation state 4140:Quaid-e-Azam 4133: 4099: 4060: 4022: 4012: 4000:assassinated 3968:independence 3957: 3947: 3922:Genghis Khan 3920: 3915:Genghis Khan 3871: 3867: 3858: 3817: 3801: 3788:Syngman Rhee 3785: 3773:Lee Seonggye 3763: 3752: 3746: 3712: 3665: 3636:westernizers 3622: 3618: 3603: 3594: 3579:Please help 3567: 3509: 3499: 3424: 3400: 3386: 3372: 3342: 3338:Shah of Iran 3280: 3202: 3155: 3146:Indian rupee 3136: 3099: 3078:Makarios III 3074:Rauf Denktaş 3072:Conversely, 3071: 3033:Makarios III 3031: 2984:Yu the Great 2950: 2894: 2860:State of Qin 2857: 2845:Yu the Great 2843: 2828: 2802: 2798:Khmer Empire 2792: 2782: 2756: 2733: 2693: 2688:British rule 2653: 2641: 2636: 2588: 2532:Hayk Nahapet 2499: 2491: 2474: 2404: 2366: 2360: 2333: 2297: 2270: 2241: 2232:dictatorship 2214: 2185: 2180: 2164: 2153: 2143: 2126: 2121: 2108: 2083: 2075:Pedro Moreno 2032: 1997: 1969: 1942: 1916: 1905: 1894: 1875: 1858:Fidel Castro 1855: 1849: 1839: 1812: 1769: 1750: 1706:Errol Barrow 1704: 1689: 1666: 1641: 1635: 1598: 1588: 1583: 1570:independence 1554:World War II 1545: 1542:Errol Barrow 1540: 1525: 1515: 1503: 1493: 1468:libertadores 1466: 1462: 1458: 1440: 1365:Edgar Tekere 1330:Joshua Nkomo 1313: 1286: 1261:independence 1255: 1228:Milton Obote 1226: 1212:its monarchy 1198: 1182: 1143:Desmond Tutu 1093:Oliver Tambo 1078: 1064: 1053: 1025: 1005: 985: 975: 964:Sierra Leone 956:David George 938: 935:Sierra Leone 921:Ahmadu Bello 906: 895:Joseph Tarka 855:Al-Haji Sir 850:Ahmadu Bello 848:Al-Haji Sir 791:Hosea Kutako 756: 746:in 788. The 737: 720:Tripolitania 701: 666: 639: 630:Diallo Telli 619: 601: 586: 567:founded the 565:Yekuno Amlak 555: 540: 496: 484:Muhammad Ali 481: 476: 432: 417: 386: 369:Burkina Faso 331: 328:Burkina Faso 304: 302: 300: 285: 267: 258: 248: 241: 234: 227: 215: 203:Please help 198:verification 195: 165: 156: 133: 105: 74: 67: 61: 60:Please help 57: 13219:Nationality 13078:State flags 13035:Instruments 12573:The Wallace 12536:Blood Royal 11837:22 December 11809:22 December 11604:12 February 11354:Daily Sabah 11313:26 November 11150:14 February 11146:(in German) 11143:Der Spiegel 10983:11 November 10944:India Today 10370:Payvand.com 9986:19 November 9957:25 November 9931:25 November 9905:25 November 9879:25 November 9834:(1): 1–24. 9796:22 November 9647:20 February 9576:Louis Botha 9519:John Davies 9505:Dafydd Iwan 9455:Sam Houston 9418:– Founding 9392:along with 9288:The Wallace 9280:Strathclyde 9276:Malcolm III 9190:Kievan Rus' 9166:prince and 9011:the islands 9009:arrived on 9007:Polynesians 8992:West Saxons 8980:Anglo-Saxon 8814:(622), the 8759:Grand Chief 8748:New Zealand 8724:James Busby 8703:New Zealand 8574:emancipists 8295:Henri Druey 8266:Eidgenossen 8259:Switzerland 8239:Birger Jarl 8169:defeat the 8163:Igor Bavčar 8151:Janez Janša 8147:Milan Kučan 8127:Jože Pučnik 8106:a founder. 8067:during the 7894:, known as 7858:Ferdinand I 7818:(1600) and 7625:Polish Army 7555:World War I 7383:Fathers of 7152:Golden Gate 7005:Legendary: 6846:Netherlands 6808:sovereignty 6672:Hans-Adam I 6293:His dynasty 6150:Cleisthenes 6051:Charlemagne 6037:Before the 5978:Pharnavaz I 5896:(800–814), 5892:(768–814), 5886:Charlemagne 5870:(481–509), 5858:Gallic Wars 5690:Civic Forum 5594:second and 5494:(1851–1895) 5488:(1850–1921) 5482:(1850–1889) 5476:(1848–1876) 5470:(1943–1903) 5464:(1843–1876) 5458:(1841–1901) 5452:(1840–1915) 5446:(1837–1873) 5440:(1834–1879) 5434:(1828–1911) 5428:(1821–1867) 5420:Petar Beron 5416:(1722–1773) 5410:(1601–1674) 5350:Ivan Asen I 5051:Karl Renner 5028:Pere d'Urtx 4920:Great Purge 4855:Transoxiana 4543:first world 4539:third world 4448:Philippines 4409:Philippines 4336:Philippines 4323:Philippines 4295:, the 1993 4084:before the 3829:and Prince 3806:. However, 3760:South Korea 3748:Kim Il-sung 3728:North Korea 3510:He was the 3403:Moshe Dayan 3336:, the last 3190:Netherlands 3080:second and 3008:Sun Yat-sen 2926:Taiwan Area 2896:Sun Yat-sen 2872:Qin dynasty 2849:Xia dynasty 2784:Kaundinya I 2654:Bangabandhu 2594:Azerbaijani 2566:in 2492 BC. 2504:, the last 2480:Afghanistan 2470:Afghanistan 2457:Afghanistan 2446:Hugo Chávez 2227:that ended 2137:within the 2090:Mexico City 2071:Xavier Mina 2047:Juan Aldama 1902:El Salvador 1864:during the 1862:Che Guevara 1155:John Garang 1149:South Sudan 1103:Govan Mbeki 903:(1911–1994) 897:(1932–1980) 891:(1910–1994) 889:S. A. Ajayi 884:(1920–1983) 877:(1917–1998) 870:(1923–2010) 852:(1910–1966) 845:(1909–1987) 838:(1904–1996) 831:(1900–1971) 829:Alvan Ikoku 825:(1903–1972) 818:(1864–1946) 620:He is with 419:David Dacko 365:anti-french 261:August 2023 159:August 2023 13280:Categories 13134:Humanities 12340:15 October 12205:15 October 12161:15 October 12017:2 February 11904:(in Dutch) 11871:G4Media.ro 11762:29 January 11225:pp. 28–29. 11110:Amuzegar, 10806:少数民族入主中国史略 10307:28 October 10275:30 October 9612:References 9410:apotheosis 8810:After the 8736:Royal Navy 8716:Polynesian 8639:federation 8622:Hare-Clark 8564:Australian 8520:signed by 8461:Queen Anne 8425:Brian Boru 8324:in 482 CE 8141:was first 8015:San Marino 8006:San Marino 7958:, founded 7633:harcmistrz 7518:politician 7514:journalist 7479:politician 7445:politician 7327:, and the 7273:Golden Age 7166:strategist 7162:coronation 7157:Szczerbiec 7124:bishoprics 6840:modern era 6827:Montenegro 6733:Luxembourg 6622:Yugoslavia 6392:Tom Clarke 6252:and first 5987:Bagrat III 5908:Napoleon I 5744:Dan (king) 5551:archbishop 5486:Ivan Vazov 5232:in 632 AD. 5018:The first 4947:Hùng Kings 4904:Uzbekistan 4836:Uzbekistan 4832:Amir Timur 4826:Amir Timur 4794:Uzbekistan 4788:Uzbekistan 4782:federation 4707:Kayi tribe 4689:Byzantines 4681:Alp Arslan 4580:Dutugemunu 4547:metropolis 4414:José Rizal 4332:José Rizal 4108:to simply 3696:Kazakh SSR 3675:Khrushchev 3547:Alash Orda 3534:Kazakhstan 3302:Pasargadae 3288:under the 3269:Tan Malaka 3170:Tan Malaka 3037:archbishop 3020:Mao Zedong 2952:Mao Zedong 2928:where the 2658:Bangladesh 2646:) in 1352. 2623:The first 2617:Bangladesh 2604:Bangladesh 2585:Azerbaijan 2574:considered 2371:John Adams 2145:José Núñez 1851:José Martí 1809:Costa Rica 1793:wrote the 1667:The name " 1360:Enos Nkala 1138:Chris Hani 1133:Jacob Zuma 1128:Joe Modise 1002:Seychelles 882:Aminu Kano 821:Professor 759:Mohammed V 577:Menelik II 542:Ngwane III 454:Paul Bolya 383:Cape Verde 231:newspapers 143:improve it 108:April 2012 97:incomplete 63:improve it 13236:Indonesia 13126:By fields 13066:Galleries 12630:0309-2984 12554:"Culture" 12230:10 August 12121:26 August 12095:26 August 12089:Macquarie 11951:10 August 11802:lrytas.lt 11734:238669014 11459:10 August 11424:, page 33 11188:20 August 11003:ignored ( 10993:cite book 10924:19 August 10779:至樂齋詩抄第二部 10672:0362-4331 10559:0135-0536 10553:(1): 54. 10423:10 August 10400:Ucl.ac.uk 10350:10 August 10191:10 August 10165:10 August 9872:La Nación 9840:0002-0206 9680:"History" 9580:Jan Smuts 9515:Welsh Law 9511:Hywel Dda 9501:Yma o Hyd 9420:Politburo 9272:Dál Riada 9164:Varangian 8976:Athelstan 8933:, of the 8883:Byzantine 8738:officer, 8734:with the 8710:consider 8696:president 8554:Governor 8533:Australia 8346:In 1648, 8061:Karađorđe 7950:and then 7924:from the 7902:from the 7875:Varangian 7822:ruler of 7812:Wallachia 7771:Decebalus 7753:Black Sea 7741:Burebista 7678:Viriathus 7657:Blue Army 7603:socialist 7526:Reichstag 7483:statesman 7475:freemason 7396:statesman 7321:Lithuania 7136:Kołobrzeg 7042:princess 7040:Přemyslid 7032:Mieszko I 6983:June 2020 6954:does not 6752:president 6721:which on 6703:Mindaugas 6697:Lithuania 6277:fejedelem 6074:Basic Law 6013:President 5618:, one of 5324:and tsar 5284:and from 5179:Mahmud II 5150:Leopold I 5042:in 1278. 4735:Mahmud II 4628:from the 4571:Sri Lanka 4565:Sri Lanka 4521:Singapore 4508:Singapore 4444:president 4385:June 2020 4356:does not 4260:with the 4252:(PLO), a 4232:; 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