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236:, Turkish Cypriots were elected separately by their own community. The House had no power to modify the basic articles of the Constitution in any respect, and any other modification required separate majorities of two thirds of both the Greek Cypriot and the Turkish Cypriot members. Any modification of the Electoral Law and the adoption of any law relating to municipalities or any fiscal laws required separate simple majorities of the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot members of the House. It was thus impossible for only representatives of one community to pass such a bill.
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259:, suggested amendments to the Constitution "to resolve constitutional deadlocks". The Turkish-Cypriot leadership, following the Turkish government, called them unacceptable. The Vice President publicly declared that the Republic of Cyprus had ceased to exist and, along with the three Turkish-Cypriot Ministers, the Turkish-Cypriot members of the House withdrew, as did Turkish-Cypriot civil servants. Makarios refused all suggestions that would have resulted in the partition of Cyprus, and negotiations over the problem have still failed to succeed.
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307:. The legality of the invasion depends on whether common or concerted action between the United Kingdom, Greece and Turkey had proved impossible and whether the outcome of the invasion safeguarded the bi-communal consociational, independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of Cyprus. In 1983, Turkish Cypriots issued the
251:
Within three years, the functioning of the legislature started to fail, and, in 1963, when the fiscal laws under
Article 78 of the constitution expired, the House of Representatives split along pure communal lines and failed to renew the income tax upon which public finances depended.
295:
Article Four of the Treaty of
Guarantee provided, "In so far as common or concerted action may not prove possible, each of the three guaranteeing Powers reserves the right to take action with the sole aim of re-establishing the state of affairs created by the present Treaty".
207:
military partition of Cyprus into Greek-Cypriot and
Turkish-Cypriot regions, the larger Greek-Cypriot Region, controlled by the Cypriot government, claims that the 1960 Constitution basically remains in force, but the Turkish-Cypriot region claims to have seceded by the
248:, described the 1960 Constitution created by the Zürich and London Agreements as "a constitutional oddity" and that difficulties in implementing the treaties signed on the basis of those agreements had begun almost immediately after independence.
292:. Cyprus and the guarantor powers (the United Kingdom, Turkey and Greece) promised to prohibit the promotion of "either the union of the Republic of Cyprus with any other State, or the partition of the Island".
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on laws passed by the House of
Representatives and on decisions of the Council of Ministers, which was composed of ten ministers, three of whom were to be Turkish-Cypriots, nominated by the Vice-President.
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was to be a Greek-Cypriot, elected by the Greek-Cypriots, and the Vice-President a
Turkish-Cypriot, elected by the Turkish-Cypriots. The Vice-President was granted the right of a final
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The constitution, provided for under the agreements, divided the
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has issued multiple resolutions that all states should refrain from recognising the protectorate of Turkey in Cyprus.
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declared the
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Together with the Zürich and London
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388:"Documents relating to the Founding of Cyprus, including the Treaty of Guarantee, 1959"
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165:) for the constitution of Cyprus started with an agreement on 19 February 1959 in
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In
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Declaration of
Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
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Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
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377:"Treaty concerning the Establishment of the Republic of Cyprus"
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para. 163 of Report to the U.N. Secretary-General in March 1965
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Membership of Northern Cyprus in international organizations
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in Cyprus. Turkey claimed under the Treaty of Guarantee to
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1959 agreements between the UK, Turkey, Greece, and Cyprus
169:, London, between Turkey, Greece, the United Kingdom and
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Agreement on Strategic Partnership and Mutual Support
265:, Cyprus has remained partitioned for over 60 years.
203:After the failure of the Agreement in 1963 and the
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
382:. United Nations. 16 August 1960. Treaty No. 5476.
311:, but it has been recognised only by Turkey. The
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299:In July 1974, there was briefly a Greek-backed
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244:The United Nations Mediator on Cyprus, Dr.
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141:at the negotiations in Zürich, Switzerland
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322:Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus also signed a
125:From left to right: Greek Prime Minister
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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137:and Greek Minister of Foreign Affairs
129:, Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
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521:Greco-Turkish Friendship Agreement
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462:Treaty of Alexandropol (Gyumri)
198:proclaimed an independent state
34:needs additional citations for
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1166:List of diplomatic missions of
591:Treaties of the Ottoman Empire
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58:"London and Zürich Agreements"
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288:and independent state of the
286:bi-communal consociationalism
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163:Zürih ve Londra Antlaşmaları
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2039:2004 Annan Plan referendums
640:Foreign relations of Cyprus
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155:Συμφωνίες Ζυρίχης–Λονδίνου
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133:, Turkish Prime Minister
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234:House of Representatives
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2199:Security Forces Command
1710:Cypriot nationality law
526:Treaty of Ankara (1926)
482:Treaty of Ankara (1921)
196:Cyprus was accordingly
175:Archbishop Makarios III
2600:20th century in Zürich
2014:Intercommunal violence
1406:Intercommunal violence
1256:Cypro-Minoan syllabary
1094:1974 Greek coup d'état
1089:Intercommunal violence
1064:Multilateral relations
913:Diplomatic missions of
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2255:Kuzey Kıbrıs Turkcell
1411:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
1156:Turkish Cypriot State
1099:1974 Turkish invasion
193:on 11 February 1959.
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2176:Council of Ministers
1870:Settlers from Turkey
1820:World Heritage Sites
1431:Cypriot S-300 crisis
765:United Arab Emirates
487:Armistice of Mudanya
467:Cilicia Peace Treaty
351:paragraph 129, ibid.
305:intervene militarily
43:improve this article
2580:1960 in Switzerland
2555:1959 in Switzerland
2107:Diplomatic missions
1281:Neo-Assyrian Empire
1034:Bilateral relations
536:Montreux Convention
454:War of Independence
317:UN Security Council
282:Treaty of Guarantee
200:on 16 August 1960.
173:community leaders (
2640:Treaties of Turkey
2625:Treaties of Cyprus
2250:Telecommunications
1664:Telecommunications
1387:Post-1878 overview
1170:in Northern Cyprus
1135:Peacekeeping force
964:Politics of Cyprus
541:Treaty of Saadabad
511:After Proclamation
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290:Republic of Cyprus
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60: –
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54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2705:Makarios III
2486:Coat of arms
2401:Demographics
2389:Republic Day
2310:Human rights
2235:Central Bank
2141:Constitution
1905:Coat of arms
1830:Demographics
1674:Trade unions
1584:Human rights
1547:Constitution
1441:EU accession
1398:
1391:
1365:Ottoman rule
1306:Roman Cyprus
1144:Other topics
926:Multilateral
395:. Retrieved
391:
356:
347:
338:
321:
298:
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279:
272:
262:
261:
257:Makarios III
254:
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243:
231:
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204:
202:
195:
146:
144:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2409:Ethnicities
2293:Citizenship
2260:KKTC Telsim
1860:Linobambaki
1644:Agriculture
1589:LGBT rights
1491:Earthquakes
1334:Arab Empire
1251:Eteocypriot
1238:Prehistoric
1130:Buffer zone
531:Balkan Pact
301:coup d'état
183:Fazıl Küçük
2534:Categories
2362:Television
2357:Newspapers
2244:(currency)
2034:Annan Plan
2019:Green Line
1800:Literature
1552:Corruption
1436:Annan Plan
1125:Green Line
1109:Annan Plan
877:Yugoslavia
870:Historical
715:Bangladesh
452:During the
392:kypros.org
330:References
246:Galo Plaza
127:Karamanlis
69:newspapers
2447:Languages
2438:Maronites
2298:Education
2181:Embargoes
2166:President
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2146:Districts
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1720:Education
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1618:President
1574:Elections
1506:Mountains
1486:Districts
1464:Geography
1380:Governors
958:NN States
917:in Cyprus
755:Palestine
735:Indonesia
240:Aftermath
222:President
212:in 1983.
2519:Category
2421:diaspora
2384:Holidays
2377:football
2327:abortion
2191:Military
2136:Assembly
2124:Politics
2029:Refugees
1945:Category
1865:diaspora
1843:diaspora
1760:Religion
1596:Military
1530:Politics
1516:Wildlife
1421:Refugees
1339:Crusades
1321:Medieval
1221:articles
1104:Refugees
906:Missions
890:Disputes
781:Bulgaria
677:Americas
397:26 April
263:De facto
205:de facto
181:and Dr.
135:Menderes
2510:Outline
2474:Symbols
2454:Turkish
2367:Museums
2347:Cuisine
2339:Culture
2281:Society
2267:Tourism
2218:Economy
2083:Mammals
2001:History
1929:Outline
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1770:Culture
1750:Poverty
1698:Society
1669:Tourism
1632:Economy
1496:Islands
1481:Climate
1344:Kingdom
1273:Ancient
1246:Alasiya
1229:History
816:Ireland
806:Germany
796:Denmark
786:Croatia
750:Lebanon
725:Georgia
710:Armenia
654:Algeria
232:In the
171:Cypriot
159:Turkish
139:Averoff
83:scholar
2481:Anthem
2352:Dances
1950:Portal
1900:Anthem
1783:Cinema
1725:Health
1654:Energy
1608:Police
1511:Rivers
1400:Taksim
1393:Enosis
1358:Modern
1219:
1217:Cyprus
1041:Turkey
856:Sweden
846:Serbia
841:Russia
836:Poland
831:Norway
821:Kosovo
811:Greece
801:France
774:Europe
745:Kuwait
740:Israel
689:Mexico
684:Canada
647:Africa
275:Zürich
191:Zürich
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2372:Sport
2322:Women
2230:Banks
1936:Index
1815:Sport
1810:Music
1805:Media
1734:Delta
1649:Banks
1601:Chief
1501:Lakes
851:Spain
826:Malta
760:Qatar
730:India
720:China
659:Egypt
380:(PDF)
151:Greek
131:Zorlu
90:JSTOR
76:books
2491:Flag
2315:LGBT
1910:Flag
1793:Wine
1745:Name
1737:cron
1732:and
933:NATO
703:Asia
399:2021
280:The
226:veto
185:for
177:for
145:The
62:news
1778:Art
45:by
2536::
1168:/
915:/
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326:.
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161::
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149:(
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106:(
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97:(
87:·
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66:·
39:.
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