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643:. His mother, Lady Salisbury remarked: "It will be good for Nigs to have a clever wife and one accustomed to taking care of expenses and I hope will convert her. I don't believe in pious pagans - and my only real objection to the Souls, is their heathenry". His father warned him about her character; and settled a further £1,000 pa having settled his debts again. Lord Edward earned £200 pa in Army pay, but his wife's contribution was double that, making their life comfortable. Salisbury urged them to work on their relationship, but the marriage was unhappy.
558:. 30 October was known as 'Mournful Monday' as three British columns surrendered; the situation became desperate. As second-in-command Cecil imposed the death penalty for spying, looting, trespassing, and loitering outside a women's laager at night. He was in charge of provisioning: when the food ran out the people had to eat dogs and horses, there was one reported case of cannibalism. 478 people died during the siege. Baden-Powell kept the Boers tied down for seven months, only to emerge later as a national hero. On 5 January,
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news. Cecil had a poignant reunion with his wife at
Mafeking on 29 June, and then rode out north into the Transvaal. Lady Edward was staying at Groote Schuur and probably conducting an affair with Lord Milner. Frances teased the Prime Minister "Gainst death could wrestle with Gallant young Cecil!" When Lord Edward Cecil came home to a triumphant welcome at
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Cecil was a tough but dissolute army officer, laden with gambling debts. He was a keen baccarat player, a charming fellow, and a well known raconteur. He was always tapping his father for money, demonstrable in the copious notes in the Cecil family correspondence but Lord
Salisbury's patience ran out
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after an epic 14-month march from West Africa, and claimed the area for France in opposition to Anglo-Egyptian claims, bringing the two powers close to war. On 18 September Lord Edward arrived at
Fashoda with Kitchener's expeditionary force of five steam-boats carrying 100 Highlanders, 2,500 Sudanese
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Cecil set up the
Mafeking Cadet Corps that led onto Baden-Powell founding the Scouts later on. Cecil was chivalrous towards women, but it became clear that the English expected the blacks to starve first. When the siege was finally lifted on 17 May 1900, there was ecstatic rejoicing in London at the
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in the
Egyptian campaign of 1896, who had a profound influence on his career. "All shall be at home known by the proper people" wrote Lord Edward in his diary. The following day, his father Lord Salisbury announced in parliament that Dongola was not the objective, but the conquest of the Sudan, and
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his father had written off his debts, and the whole town turned out to cheer as the celebrations began on 18 December. The houses were decorated with bunting, the brewery men decked out in livery. Lord Edward made a speech, and was formally thanked by Lord
Salisbury. They lit a huge bonfire in the
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he was mentioned in despatches, made Brevet
Lieutenant-Colonel, awarded the Queen's Medal, with two clasps. In February 1902, Cecil was appointed as Military Secretary to the Sirdar, Lord Kitchener travelling back to Egypt. The Cecils remained bullish and optimistic, but Kitchener estimated there
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Cecil was appointed Agent-General to the
Government of Sudan and Director of Intelligence at Cairo for two years. Returning to Britain the new Liberal Government invited Lord Edward Cecil to be Under-Secretary of War in 1906. He was Under-Secretary of Finance from 1907 until 1913, and Financial
403:, but did badly in his exams, failing to get into Sandhurst, which his father blamed on the school (because he had been bullied there). His family called him "Nigs", which his mother used when writing to him at boarding school. When only 11 years old, he wrote a play on "
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Advisor to War Office from 1912 until the end of the Great War. In 1915 he was awarded Grand Cordon Order of the Nile. He spent most of the last year of his life receiving treatment for tuberculosis in
Switzerland, where he died at midnight on the 13-14 September.
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was informed by
Wolseley at the War Office that he should go immediately to Mafeking, taking Lord Edward Cecil as his Chief Staff Officer. They sailed on 8 July, Cecil taking Violet with him. When they landed at Cape Town, Cecil went to contractors
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they conquered Darfur and annexed the South of Sudan. Kitchener's army returned in triumph to a speech at the Mansion House. In Cimiez, south of France that summer an elated Queen congratulated Salisbury. In the campaign which culminated at the
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to order £500,000 worth of supplies for what Cecil correctly anticipated would be a long siege. As the Prime Minister's son, Cecil's signature carried weight with Weil & Co although, the Cecils expected parliament would approve the amount.
660:, born on 9 September 1895, became a second lieutenant in the Grenadier Guards and was killed in action on 1 September 1914, near Villers-Cotterets, France. Helen Mary Gascoyne-Cecil, born on 11 May 1901, became an author and married
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in 1891. In May 1891, he paid in £1,126.8s.6d, money originally intended for unmarried sister, Gwendolen. However, while fighting abroad, the mess bills continued to mount, and by May 1894 he owed another £2,000.
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troops and four machine guns. Kitchener set up a meeting on 19 September at which they drank whisky and champagne with Marchand. The French troops withdrew on 3 November on instruction from Paris. On the
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were about 5,000 Boers left in the field. Edward was the only son never to see his father at the death, he had embarked from Egypt three days before on 19 August 1903.
407:" from his father's foreign office papers. The tone of the play was anti-Beaconsfield, showing a resentment for a longevity in office. Written in 1878, at the time of
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had only three years to live, the Prime Minister is personified as Dickens' 'Artful Dodger'. A latent racism was characteristic of Cecilian "clannish" behaviour.
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604:, published posthumously in 1921, gives a detailed account of his role and interactions with the Egyptian politicians in nominal control of the country.
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Lord Edward Cecil Papers Box 1, Royal Archives Victoria (RA VIC) 49/1; edited by Marquis of Zetland 'Letters', vol.1, p.190, RA VIC 50/44
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and for his part in the recapture of Khartoum he was mentioned in despatches and won two clasps. Cecil was present at the
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in 1887. He served for four years in the regiment before being promoted first lieutenant and appointed to the staff of
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in 1896 he served with distinction: mentioned in despatches, he was promoted a Brevet Major, winning the
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The following day C-in-C, General Buller landed with an army at Cape Town. During the
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687:. Reprinted, with a new Introduction by Julian Hardinge (Hardinge Simpole, 2008)
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Keith Surridge, "The Military Critique of the South African War 1899-1902,"
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and advisor to the Liberal government, he helped to implement Army reforms.
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315: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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ADC (Egypt) to Lord Kitchener, Military Secretary to Lord Kitchener.
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Ahmad Rafiuddin, "The battle of Omdurman and the Mussulman World,"
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In October 1899, Cecil was serving with Colonel Baden-Powell, when
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BB (Lady Elizabeth Balfour) 'Hatfield Letters 1883-1906', p. 59
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reported that Cecil was in hospital in Mafeking with fever.
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Children of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
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Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
619:. A wide range of society guests appeared at the wedding,
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Lord Edward Cecil Papers: Mafeking records vols.I and II
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Burke's Peerage & Baronetage (106th ed.) (Salisbury)
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for service in Egypt and Sudan, with two clasps. He was
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Lord Edward was born on 12 July 1867, the fourth son of
656:. She and Lord Edward Cecil had a son and a daughter.
937:
Lord Edward Cecil Papers, Bodleian Library, Oxford.
662:
Alexander Hardinge, 2nd Baron Hardinge of Penshurst
789:"The Transvaal (From our Special Correspondent)".
646:Lady Edward Cecil was appointed Grand Dame of the
1243:Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil, Marchioness of Salisbury
1049:The Making of South African Confederation 1870-81
481:leading a small military expedition occupied the
418:Gascoyne-Cecil became a Second Lieutenant in the
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1140:Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
389:Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
1273:James Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury
1255:James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
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515:With Kitchener and Baden-Powell in South Africa
1504:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
1499:British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
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395:. When Edward was born, his father asked the
1285:Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood
889:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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269:(12 July 1867 – 13 December 1918), known as
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1042:Mafeking: The Making of a Victorian legend
1028:The Rights and Wrongs of the Transvaal War
105:
1494:British Army personnel of the Mahdist War
375:Learn how and when to remove this message
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
1063:The Scramble for Southern Africa 1877-95
635:and father Salisbury, and liberal poets
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32:This article includes a list of general
1325:Housing of the Working Classes Act 1885
886:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
883:"Cecil, Lord Edward Herbert Gascoyne".
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1000:Alfred Milner: The Man of No Illusions
503:he was mentioned in despatches at the
399:to be a godfather. He was educated at
1534:Military personnel from Hertfordshire
1519:20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
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717:. London. 17 December 1918. p. 4
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461:Cecil was appointed a member of the
313:adding citations to reliable sources
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685:The Leisure of an Egyptian Official
602:The Leisure of an Egyptian Official
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1479:Tuberculosis deaths in Switzerland
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258:Lord Edward Herbert Gascoyne-Cecil
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1261:Maud Palmer, Countess of Selborne
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988:Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999,
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1438:St Etheldreda's Church, Hatfield
1297:Hugh Cecil, 1st Baron Quickswood
969:The Life and Times of Edward VII
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1474:People educated at Eton College
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467:Emperor Menelik II of Abyssinia
300:needs additional citations for
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667:After Lord Edward's death, at
471:Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1897
16:British Colonial administrator
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611:, second daughter of Admiral
126:Edward Herbert Gascoyne-Cecil
1529:British expatriates in Egypt
949:The Cecils of Hatfield House
903:UK public library membership
709:"Death of Lord Edward Cecil"
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658:George Edward Gascoyne-Cecil
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469:in 1897 that negotiated the
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1104:Hardinge Simpole Publishing
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725:– via Newspapers.com.
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986:Salisbury: Victorian Titan
1489:Grenadier Guards officers
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1335:Venezuelan crisis of 1895
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915:My Picture Gallery (ed.)
473:. The following year the
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1086:, vol.cclx, October 1898
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613:Frederick Augustus Maxse
541:On 3 July 1899, Colonel
454:to avenge the murder of
154:, Hertfordshire, England
1070:The Late Victorian Army
650:, and Chevalier of the
411:, perhaps unaware that
53:more precise citations.
1330:1890 British Ultimatum
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895:10.1093/ref:odnb/32336
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1423:Marquess of Salisbury
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1056:The Siege of Mafeking
609:Violet Georgina Maxse
571:park with fireworks.
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251:Marquess of Salisbury
206:Years of service
1405:Victoria & Abdul
1357:Sixty Glorious Years
1267:Lady Gwendolen Cecil
1021:Fashoda Reconsidered
1014:The Fashoda Incident
998:John Evelyn Wrench,
812:Roberts, pp. 760-764
675:(died 13 May 1925).
664:. She died in 1979.
556:besieged at Mafeking
548:Julius Weil & Co
405:The Eastern Question
309:improve this article
846:, 19 December 1900.
714:The Daily Telegraph
324:"Lord Edward Cecil"
1373:Edward the Seventh
1365:The Prime Minister
1349:In popular culture
1320:Congress of Berlin
1279:Lord William Cecil
1249:Lord Eustace Cecil
1178:
1084:Nineteenth century
947:Lord David Cecil,
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509:battle of Omdurman
501:battle of Omdurman
437:4th Class and the
431:Dongola Expedition
409:Congress of Berlin
393:Georgina Charlotte
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1291:Lord Edward Cecil
1184:General elections
1007:Secondary sources
974:George Plumptre,
901:(Subscription or
793:. 8 January 1900.
617:Rev William Cecil
435:Order of Medjidie
397:Earl of Carnarvon
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87:Lord Edward Cecil
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365:December 2022
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1484:Cecil family
1408:(Film, 2017)
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1368:(Film, 1941)
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1220:Constituency
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1035:Modern Egypt
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307:Please help
302:verification
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238:Battles/wars
200:British Army
164:(1918-12-13)
149:12 July 1867
112:
80:
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1469:1918 deaths
1464:1867 births
1147:Premiership
1019:R G Brown,
932:Manuscripts
739:, pp. 11–12
629:Chamberlain
607:He married
534:Vanity Fair
529:Leslie Ward
525:at Mafeking
491:South Sudan
131:Nickname(s)
59:August 2016
51:introducing
1458:Categories
1400:(TV, 1988)
1384:(TV, 1978)
1376:(TV, 1975)
1269:(daughter)
1263:(daughter)
976:Edward VII
905:required.)
844:Daily Mail
721:17 October
692:References
600:His book,
483:White Nile
335:newspapers
176:Allegiance
145:1867-07-12
123:Birth name
114:The Sketch
34:references
1251:(brother)
1164:1895-1902
1159:1886-1892
1154:1885–1886
959:Kitchener
791:The Times
759:Salisbury
757:Roberts,
737:Salisbury
735:Roberts,
679:Own works
592:Character
560:The Times
429:. On the
281:Biography
248:Relations
1416:See also
1381:Disraeli
1305:(nephew)
1257:(father)
1227:Stamford
1077:Articles
919:1932-48.
485:town of
452:Khartoum
230:Commands
209:17 years
194:Service/
1091:History
633:Balfour
621:Asquith
487:Fashoda
349:scholar
47:improve
1313:Career
1245:(wife)
1236:Family
1072:, 1992
1065:, 1980
1058:, 1900
1051:, 1966
1044:, 1966
1030:, 1901
1023:, 1969
1016:, 1898
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978:, 1995
971:, 1972
951:, 1973
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669:Leysin
625:Morley
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196:branch
185:
169:Leysin
36:, but
1299:(son)
1293:(son)
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1281:(son)
1275:(son)
641:Wilde
637:Blunt
531:) in
356:JSTOR
342:books
275:Egypt
264:
95:
1211:1900
1206:1895
1201:1892
1196:1886
1191:1885
1002:1958
990:ISBN
961:1958
723:2023
639:and
627:and
463:Rodd
391:and
328:news
262:KCMG
222:Unit
214:Rank
159:Died
139:Born
134:Nigs
93:KCMG
891:doi
445:to
311:by
266:DSO
111:In
97:DSO
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