893:
662:
203:
198:
163:
257:
233:
168:
173:
193:
188:
183:
178:
245:
670:
37:
1034:
221:
726:"But not only geographically, Lithuania was the heart of the Slavs. It was morally. She, one of all the Slavic peoples, could easily talk with everyone. As with Poland, so with Russia, so with Ukraine. The mentality of the Lithuanian peoples was, as it were, created to reconcile everyone. He never had hostility, neither national, nor religious, nor cultural."
853:, but was not accepted due to his old age (he was 74 at that time) and poor health. Nevertheless, he served as an advisor to the command of the Polish southern front. After the Polish defeat, he evaded being captured by the Germans and the Soviets and managed to reach France, where he joined the
774:. I did not divide them into Poles, Belarusians and Samogitians. As a Lithuanian, I never stopped being Polish. These two concepts are intertwined. They complement each other. I am talking about all this in order to prove that it was all more than a Polish general's seizure of Vilnius.
756:, there was written about mobilization in Ašmena, where it was mentioned that Jokūbas Želigovskis had a horse, weapon, axe, etc. In the history of a Russian uhlan regiment from 1863, it was mentioned that in the surroundings of
1683:
651:
people settled, protégé of the
Germans ... Having lost Lithuania - Poland lost much of its statehood. Polish politicians didn't understand that, only every soldier, even a Lithuanian citizen, understood
778:Żeligowski later in his memoir which was published in London in 1943 condemned the annexation of Republic by Poland, as well as the policy of closing Belarusian schools and general disregard of Marshal
1568:
1563:
734:
On 9 October 1920, with the army, made up of the sons of
Lithuania and Belarus, Vilnius was occupied not by the Polish general Żeligowski, but by the Lithuanian Żeligowski, who came as a child from
1558:
770:
So I was not an accidental out-of-nowhere in
Lithuania, but my family has a long tradition and served in the Fatherland's defence. My dream was to live with my countrymen in the
647:"There was a paradoxical situation .. when Warsaw was defended and the war was won, we, the citizens of our homeland - Lithuania, could not even return to the house where the
1648:
1658:
1673:
880:Żeligowski declared he would return to Poland, but he suddenly died on 9 July 1947 in London. His body was brought back to Poland, and Żeligowski was buried in the
1643:
1663:
1399:
490:
as his birthplace) to Polish parents Gustaw Żeligowski and Władysława Żeligowska née
Traczewska. Żeligowski in his youth lived in poverty and only spoke in the
1603:
767:
after a fierce fight, the fifteen-year-old Juozas Želigovskis was taken prisoner and letters were found by his side, where his mother encouraged him to fight.
1052:
1480:
1668:
1653:
1608:
1430:
1426:
623:
of his name, composed of his 10th division and additional units, mostly of partisan origin. As such, he soon became the commanding officer of the entire
1588:
1496:
1387:
1364:
1336:
202:
1678:
1583:
1267:
929:
277:
735:
380:
282:
1638:
1633:
688:
829:). He also wrote numerous articles on the conflicts of early 20th century for a variety of Polish newspapers. In 1935 he was elected a
162:
1598:
639:
in 1920 his unit was attached to the 3rd Polish Army and took part in the pursuit of fleeing
Bolshevik and Soviet forces at the
1628:
1618:
1613:
1501:
Polska w obronie swoich granic. Wojna z bolszewikami; w dziele zbiorowym Polska niepodlegla i druga wojna swiatowa (1918-1945)
1593:
1553:
1239:
563:, he was quickly promoted and given command over a brigade. In 1918 he started the creation of a Polish unit in the area of
197:
1057:
167:
1488:
707:, he proclaimed independence of the said area as Republic of Central Lithuania, with Wilno as its capital. Initially a
513:
172:
814:), he was soon returned to the post. He retired the following year and settled in his family manor in Andrzejewo near
790:
After the annexation of
Central Lithuania to Poland, Żeligowski continued his service in the Polish Army. Promoted to
661:
1520:
1471:
1446:
1320:
1289:
1578:
1623:
292:
695:
members, volunteers and partisans from the territory of modern
Belarus and Lithuania. On October 8, 1920, after
313:
1548:
1024:
892:
605:
524:, where he served at various staff and command posts. He then married Tatiana Pietrova and had two children.
447:
326:
249:
48:
978:
803:
582:. In October of the same year he became the Commander in Chief of all the Polish units fighting in Russia.
330:
1157:
897:
881:
692:
192:
187:
182:
177:
675:
854:
640:
424:
261:
703:
and its area. The mutiny, named after him, would be remembered as the defining moment of his life. On
1403:
846:
568:
370:
287:
1273:
The
Ukrainian-Polish Defensive Alliance, 1919-1921: An Aspect of the Ukrainian Revolution, 1919–1921
696:
508:" for his views in this resect), but was very positive towards the Belarusian movements. Before the
443:
375:
1573:
1356:
923:
560:
360:
958:
858:
636:
1214:
711:
military dictator, after the parliamentary elections he passed his powers to the newly elected
601:
237:
1210:
353:
1312:
946:
917:
753:
521:
365:
272:
1543:
1538:
1508:
1348:
1180:
830:
779:
616:
612:
586:
509:
8:
1219:
940:
850:
548:
498:
459:
791:
536:
528:
392:
343:
1455:
1516:
1467:
1442:
1415:
1376:
1316:
1298:
1285:
952:
912:
821:
In 1930 he published a book containing his memoirs of the Polish-Bolshevik War named
811:
620:
579:
479:
435:
807:
1089:
1077:
1047:
965:
905:
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870:
684:
600:
raids. Finally, in April 1919, the division was withdrawn to the newly established
471:
111:
1271:
1123:
1085:
971:
532:
419:
762:
740:
771:
669:
575:
556:
475:
225:
115:
1532:
1304:
The
Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569-1999
1183:[Lucian Zheligovsky and his "Zapomniane prawdy (Forgotten Truths)"].
1039:
632:
572:
1419:
1380:
491:
439:
387:
757:
504:, and identified himself as a Litvin , not a Belarusian (see the article "
1284:: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press / University of Toronto,
552:
431:
348:
1302:
36:
704:
597:
593:
589:
and the defeat of
Denikin, Żeligowski's unit was ordered to retreat to
501:
1435:
Walka o Wilno : z dziejów samoobrony Litwy i Białorusi, 1918-1919
1341:
Generał Lucjan Żeligowski 1865-1947. Działalność wojskowa i polityczna
1088:; now it is Желигово (coord: N 54° 29' 33.8568" E 26° 13' 2.0928") in
730:
Regarding his invasion of Lithuania in October 1920, Żeligowski wrote:
1684:
Polish military personnel in the Imperial Russian Army of World War I
1308:
1162:
505:
1112:
604:, where it was incorporated into the Polish Army and renamed to the
749:
for school exams and spent the night on the benches of city parks.
487:
1439:
Battle for Vilnius: History of Lithuanian and Belarus self-defense
1351:(28 October 1920), "Robotnik" [The Dispute Over Vilnius],
559:. Initially commander of an infantry regiment in the ranks of the
1369:
Historia IV-ej Dywizji Strzelców Generała Żeligowskiego w zarysie
1281:
1277:
815:
746:
700:
628:
590:
483:
467:
427:
141:
120:
1559:
Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government politicians
699:, he "defected" with his unit and took control over the city of
619:, was quickly promoted to general and given the command over an
458:
Lucjan Żeligowski was born on 17 October 1865 in the Przechody (
1394:, no. 124, Wojskowy Przegląd Historyczny, pp. 319–335
1373:
History of 4th Rifleman Division of General Żeligowski in brief
1181:"Люциан Желиговский и его "Zapomniane prawdy (Забытые истины)""
984:
866:
799:
798:, or a commander of a military district of the capital city of
716:
151:
137:
539:
and commanding officer of an Imperial Russian rifle regiment.
1569:
Members of the Sejm of the Second Polish Republic (1938–1939)
1564:
Members of the Sejm of the Second Polish Republic (1935–1938)
564:
516:. After graduating from military officers' school located in
571:. As part of the Polish Army, his unit fought alongside the
834:
712:
517:
1000:, Warszawa: Wydawn. Ministerstwa * Obrony Narodowej, 1990.
937:
Medal "Decade of the Restoration of Independence" (Poland)
551:
of 1917, Żeligowski became one of the organizers of the
1398:
596:, where it took part in defence of the border against
1029:
1649:
Recipients of the Cross of Independence with Swords
1515:(I ed.), Warsaw: Wydawnictwo MON, p. 72,
643:. Following the Battle of Warsaw, Żeligowski wrote:
1659:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class
1390:(February 1988), "Wojskowy Przegląd Historyczny",
1237:
615:, Żeligowski, a personal friend of Polish Marshal
512:in the late 18th century the town was part of the
1674:Golden Laurel of the Polish Academy of Literature
1425:
1530:
656:
430:, politician, military commander and veteran of
1644:Grand Crosses of the Order of Polonia Restituta
1483:(April 1987), "Wojskowy Przegląd Historyczny",
1053:List of Legion of Honour recipients by name (Z)
930:Cross of Merit of the Army of Central Lithuania
722:According to Lucjan Żeligowski's point of view:
1664:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 2nd class
1158:"Люцыян Жалігоўскі: літвін, паляк ці беларус?"
715:, which in turn decided to submit the area to
1392:Jeszcze w sprawie gen. broni L. Żeligowskiego
542:
1441:], Warsaw: Oficyna Wydawnicza Audiutor,
1151:
837:until the outbreak of World War II in 1939.
1209:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
998:Wojna w roku 1920: Wspomnienia I Rozwazania
934:Commemorative Medal of the War of 1918-1921
827:Wojna w roku 1920. Wspomnienia i rozważania
689:1st Lithuanian-Belarusian Infantry Division
442:. He is mostly remembered for his role in
49:Leader of the Republic of Central Lithuania
1669:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre (France)
1654:Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland)
1507:
1495:
35:
1604:Polish people of the Polish–Ukrainian War
1454:
1155:
840:
683:In October 1920, Żeligowski, a native of
1589:Military personnel of the Russian Empire
1128:
891:
668:
660:
61:12 October 1920 – 24 March 1922
1479:
1363:
1347:
782:'s confederation plans by Polish ally.
423:; 17 October 1865 – 9 July 1947) was a
1609:Polish people of the Polish–Soviet War
1584:Military leaders of the Russian Empire
1531:
1386:
1335:
1297:
1511:(1988) , Rzepniewski, Andrzej (ed.),
1266:
949:with Swords class IV (Russian Empire)
887:
418:
1679:Burials at Powązki Military Cemetery
1464:Polish–Lithuanian Conflict 1918-1920
1205:
1203:
1201:
1175:
1173:
1156:Бычкоўскі, Валер (17 October 2017).
1014:London: F. Mildner & Sons, 1941.
1007:London: F. Mildner & Sons, 1941.
802:. In 1925 he also became the Polish
1414:], Warsaw: Editions Spotkania,
1247:(in Polish). F. Mildner & Sons.
955:, class II and III (Russian Empire)
13:
1639:Commanders of the Virtuti Militari
1634:Commanders of the Legion of Honour
1460:Konflikt polsko-litewski 1918-1920
1255:
1227:: 70 – via www.epaveldas.lt.
990:
865:, an advisory body, he escaped to
823:War of 1920: Memories and thoughts
673:Żeligowski's family coat-of-arms,
14:
1695:
1466:], Warsaw: Książka i Wiedza,
1198:
1170:
1084:) was renamed to Żeligowo in the
918:Cross of Independence with Swords
849:, Żeligowski volunteered for the
613:war against the Bolshevist Russia
1032:
255:
243:
231:
219:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
1599:People of the Russian Civil War
1485:Generał broni Lucjan Żeligowski
1412:Generals of Polish Independence
1408:Generałowie Polski niepodległej
908:, also awarded the Silver Cross
420:[ˈlut͡sjanʐɛliˈɡɔfskʲi]
293:Polish Armed Forces in the West
278:Polish Armed Forces in the East
1231:
1117:
1106:
1070:
567:, which eventually became the
520:(1885), Żeligowski joined the
514:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1:
1629:Polish people of World War II
1619:Polish independence activists
1614:Republic of Central Lithuania
1489:Wojskowy Przegląd Historyczny
1113:Желигово на старой карте РККА
1099:
785:
685:historical lands of Lithuania
657:Republic of Central Lithuania
606:Polish 10th Infantry Division
470:by the village of Sikūnė in
448:Republic of Central Lithuania
446:and as head of a short-lived
1594:Blue Army (Poland) personnel
1554:People from Oshmyansky Uyezd
1215:"Iš Želigowskio prisiminimų"
979:Polish Academy of Literature
804:Minister of Military Affairs
687:, was chosen to command the
453:
381:Central Lithuanian Offensive
331:Minister of Military Affairs
285:(1919–1920, 1922–1927, 1939)
240:(1919–1920, 1922–1927, 1939)
7:
1238:Żeligowski, Lucjan (1943).
1018:
961:, II class (Russian Empire)
627:, operating in the area of
625:Lithuanian-Belarusian Front
10:
1700:
1260:
1124:Желигово на карте Беларуси
861:. An active member of the
855:Polish Government in Exile
585:After the outbreak of the
543:Serving in the Polish Army
262:Polish government-in-exile
16:Polish general (1865–1947)
1329:
1081:
964:Commander's Cross of the
943:IV class (Russian Empire)
904:Commander's Cross of the
898:Powązki Military Cemetery
882:Powązki Military Cemetery
794:in 1923, he served as an
569:4th Polish Rifle Division
531:of 1904-1905. During the
527:Żeligowski fought in the
463:
403:
336:
319:
309:
299:
288:Army of Central Lithuania
268:
214:
209:
157:
147:
127:
98:
93:
89:
77:
65:
54:
47:
43:
34:
23:
1092:, Grodno Region, Belarus
1063:
806:. Ousted by Piłsudski's
1579:Counter-revolutionaries
1058:Legion of Honour Museum
959:Order of St. Stanislaus
863:Polish National Council
665:Lucjan Żeligowski, 1932
1624:Polish anti-communists
1400:Kryska-Karski, Tadeusz
900:
896:Żeligowski's grave at
841:World War II and death
776:
728:
680:
666:
654:
602:Second Polish Republic
486:) (other sources give
280:(1915–1917, 1917–1919)
1509:Sosnkowski, Kazimierz
1404:Żurakowski, Stanisław
1313:Yale University Press
977:Golden Laurel of the
947:Order of St. Vladimir
895:
754:Lithuanian Chronicles
732:
724:
691:, composed mainly of
672:
664:
645:
522:Imperial Russian Army
416:Polish pronunciation:
371:Polish–Lithuanian War
314:General of the branch
300:Years of service
273:Imperial Russian Army
1549:People from Ashmyany
1211:Krupavičius, Mykolas
983:Honorary citizen of
833:and remained in the
831:member of parliament
752:In the 14th-century
641:Battle of the Niemen
587:Polish-Bolshevik War
510:Partitions of Poland
361:Polish–Ukrainian War
1431:Stolarski, Rafal E.
1010:Lucjan Żeligowski,
1003:Lucjan Żeligowski,
996:Lucjan Żeligowski,
941:Order of St. George
911:Grand Cross of the
851:Polish Armed Forces
549:February Revolution
444:Żeligowski's Mutiny
376:Żeligowski's Mutiny
354:Battle of Cârlibaba
283:Polish Armed Forces
1427:Lukowski, Grzegorz
1299:Snyder, Timothy D.
1185:history-belarus.by
1012:Zapomniane prawdy.
1005:O ideę słowiańską.
920:(25 February 1932)
901:
888:Honours and awards
859:Władysław Sikorski
857:headed by General
847:Invasion of Poland
792:three-star general
681:
667:
537:lieutenant colonel
529:Russo-Japanese War
393:Invasion of Poland
344:Russo-Japanese War
72:office established
1241:Zapomniane prawdy
1025:Central Lithuania
953:Order of St. Anna
913:Polonia Restituta
876:After the end of
621:operational group
580:Russian Civil War
480:Ashmyany District
436:Polish-Soviet War
425:Polish-Lithuanian
412:Lucjan Żeligowski
407:
406:
366:Polish–Soviet War
327:Central Lithuania
325:Head of State of
275:(1885–1915, 1917)
250:Central Lithuania
29:Lucjan Żeligowski
27:
1691:
1525:
1513:Cieniom września
1504:
1497:Sawczynski, Adam
1492:
1491:, pp. 44–53
1487:, no. 122,
1481:Marczyk, Wiesław
1476:
1456:Łossowski, Piotr
1451:
1422:
1395:
1388:Kicman, Wojciech
1383:
1365:Kawalec, Tadeusz
1360:
1349:Hołówko, Tadeusz
1344:
1325:
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1235:
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1207:
1196:
1195:
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1167:
1166:(in Belarusian).
1153:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1110:
1093:
1090:Smarhon District
1083:
1076:In 1935 Sikūnė (
1074:
1048:Legion of Honour
1042:
1037:
1036:
1035:
966:Legion of Honour
906:Virtuti Militari
878:Second World War
766:
744:
637:Battle of Warsaw
561:Polish 1st Corps
472:Oshmyansky Uyezd
465:
422:
417:
260:
259:
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210:Military service
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112:Oshmyansky Uyezd
108:
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94:Personal details
84:office abolished
80:
68:
59:
39:
25:
21:
20:
1699:
1698:
1694:
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1689:
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1574:Polish generals
1529:
1528:
1523:
1503:, London: Orbis
1474:
1449:
1337:Fabisz, Dariusz
1332:
1323:
1292:
1263:
1258:
1256:Further reading
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1199:
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1188:
1187:(in Belarusian)
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1178:
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1111:
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1097:
1096:
1086:Interwar Poland
1075:
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1038:
1033:
1031:
1021:
993:
991:Published works
972:Croix de Guerre
924:Cross of Valour
890:
843:
788:
780:Józef Piłsudski
760:
738:
697:a staged mutiny
659:
617:Józef Piłsudski
545:
535:he served as a
533:First World War
456:
415:
409:
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329:
324:
323:Front Commander
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109:17 October 1865
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1311:& London:
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1268:Palij, Michael
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1220:Tėvynės sargas
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839:
796:army inspector
787:
784:
772:Vilnius region
658:
655:
557:Russian Empire
555:in the former
544:
541:
476:Russian Empire
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226:Russian Empire
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135:(aged 81)
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116:Russian Empire
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871:French defeat
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633:Pinsk Marshes
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1189:. Retrieved
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926:- four times
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440:World War II
411:
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388:World War II
337:Battles/wars
133:(1947-07-09)
83:
79:Succeeded by
71:
56:
1544:1947 deaths
1539:1865 births
1359:, p. 1
884:in Warsaw.
845:During the
808:coup d'état
761: [
739: [
611:During the
553:Polish Army
432:World War I
349:World War I
290:(1920–1922)
252:(1920–1922)
228:(1885–1919)
148:Nationality
131:9 July 1947
67:Preceded by
1533:Categories
1191:2022-03-25
1100:References
869:after the
786:Later life
713:parliament
705:October 12
594:Bessarabia
547:After the
502:vernacular
499:Belarusian
460:Belarusian
215:Allegiance
105:1865-10-17
1406:(1991) ,
1309:New Haven
873:in 1940.
758:Rūdninkai
736:Žiupronys
679:("Swan").
598:Bolshevik
573:Denikin's
506:Litvinism
474:, in the
454:Biography
305:1939–1940
303:1885–1926
57:In office
1499:(1959),
1458:(1995),
1433:(1994),
1420:24935744
1381:32178695
1367:(1993),
1357:Robotnik
1339:(2007),
1301:(2003),
1270:(1995),
1213:(1955).
1163:Новы Час
1019:See also
974:(France)
968:(France)
812:May Coup
709:de facto
631:and the
591:Romanian
495:language
493:tutejszy
488:Oszmiana
478:(modern
464:Пераходы
320:Commands
1282:Ontario
1278:Toronto
1261:English
1078:Russian
816:Vilnius
747:Vilnius
701:Vilnius
649:Zhmudin
629:Polesie
578:in the
484:Belarus
468:folwark
428:general
142:England
121:Belarus
26:General
1519:
1470:
1445:
1418:
1379:
1330:Polish
1319:
1288:
1082:Сикунь
985:Warsaw
867:London
800:Warsaw
717:Poland
676:Łabędź
652:that."
576:Whites
434:, the
295:(1940)
264:(1940)
238:Poland
158:Awards
152:Polish
138:London
1462:[
1437:[
1410:[
1371:[
1245:(PDF)
1064:Notes
810:(the
765:]
743:]
565:Kuban
119:(now
1517:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1443:ISBN
1416:OCLC
1377:OCLC
1317:ISBN
1286:ISBN
835:Sejm
518:Riga
438:and
310:Rank
128:Died
99:Born
745:to
693:PMO
482:in
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103:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
