243:, wrote that there was a post-World War II perception that Maghrebis were taking over certain neighborhoods but that this was not accurate. She stated that the police records of Maghrebi immigrants from 1948 to 1952, which had their basis in employment figures and ration cards, were "not entirely reliable", and that "it is difficult to establish with any certainty precisely where the different North African immigrant social classes lived in Paris and the suburbs, making it impossible to argue that certain neighborhoods became "Maghrébin" virtually overnight."
1495:
465:
232:, and small Tunisian population. The numbers of students had decreased from the period between the World Wars, and only a small number of the Maghrebis included intellectuals, doctors, and lawyers. Hussey stated that initially Maghrebis settled the same historic communities as they did before. Under French colonial rule, Algeria was a French "department", meaning that Algerian subjects were given significant rights of migration to the French mainland. After 1947 until
101:
831:
196:, wrote that the Maghrebis were also the "most politically contentious" immigrant group and that Parisians perceived the Algerians as criminals, believing that they "were capricious and sly and given to random violence." Even though the Algerians were French citizens, they perceived as not being French due to racial and religious reasons. Many Maghrebi residents took a more negative view of France after the
1961:
321:. Political organization came in subsequent decades. Originally the Muslims worshipped in converted makeshift areas, but later purpose-built mosques appeared. In the 1990s Maghrebians were first elected to the commune council. Maxwell wrote that Maghrebians began obtaining "key positions" only in the recent vicinity of 2012 due to "low turnout and weak community organizations".
1165:, 9781608192373. p. 395. "At first the North Africans settled in parts of central Paris already known to the pre-war generation of North Africans who had come here in the 1920s and 1930s — Place Maubert, rue des Anglais, Les Halles, or the suburbs of Clichy and Gennevilliers (where there was a well-established community of Moroccans)." –
186:, wrote that in the post-World War I period Muslims from Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia may have only adopted a Maghrebi identity after coming to Paris, and this identity "was, at best, partial and bitterly contested", citing conflict between the Algerians and Moroccans in the city.
272:. Researcher Nabil Echchaibi reported that the riots were primarily orchestrated by minorities of North and West African descent, mostly in their teens. Almost all the rioters were French second-generation migrants and only about 7 percent of those arrested were foreigners.
343:, describe as "a structuring role" that "does not cover all aspects of social life". Beginning in the 1980s, religion became more public and important, and Wieviorka and Bataille stated that the previous Maghrebi practice is "becoming mixed up with the neo-
159:, wrote that as of the mid-20th Century "The "community" of Algerians, Moroccans, and Tunisians, however, was certainly not monolithic, as even the police acknowledged in their discussion of the North African "populations" of the Paris region".
452:, stated that around 1995, there were many Moroccan and Tunisian restaurants but few Algerian restaurants because many French people visited the former two countries and demanded their cuisine at home, while few French people visited Algeria.
905:
House, Jim. "Leaving
Silence Behind? Algerians and the Memories of Repression by French Security Forces in Paris in 1961" (Chapter 7). In: Adler, Nanci Dale, Selma Leydesdorff, Mary Chamberlain, and Leyla Neyzi (editors).
374:, "conforms, in general, to the classic sociolinguistic pattern of their metropolitan French peers, the boys maintaining marked regional features, generally as minority variants, to a greater extent than the girls."
148:. There were 30,000 people with Algerian nationality, 21,000 persons with Moroccan nationality, and 15,000 persons with Tunisian nationality in the city of Paris in 2009. In addition, there are thousands of
293:
in 1948 "appears to have had" 5,720 Maghrebis and that the estimates of
Maghrebis in 1952 were 5,500–6,400. It had been perceived to have become Maghrebi in the post-World War II period.
250:, enacted a repression policy against Algerians in Paris during the years 1958 through 1962. The height of violence against Algerians occurred in September and October 1961. The
418:
886:
DeGroat, Judith. ""To Be French": Franco-Maghrebians and the
Commission de la Nationalité" (Chapter 3). In: Cornwell, Grant Hermans and Eve Walsh Stoddard (editors).
203:
The areas in Paris settled by
Maghrebis in the 1920s and 1930s were rue des Anglais, Les Halles, and Place Maubert. In addition a Moroccan community appeared in
1838:
182:
Many
Maghrebis settled in the city in the 1920s, making up the largest immigrant group to the city during that period. Clifford D. Rosenberg, the author of
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997:
335:
During the peak immigration of
Maghrebi Jews, they subscribed to a belief in assimilation and secularism and they had the Maghrebi belief of what
398:
87:
236:
in 1962, all
Algerians were French citizens with full rights of migration, similar to the situation of Puerto Ricans in the United States.
1241:
Echchaibi, Nabil. 2007. Republican betrayal. Beur FM and the suburban riots in France. Journal of
Intercultural Studies. 28(3): 301–316.
390:. The plays performed by this troupe were about Franco-Maghrebians experiencing conflict from both the French and Maghrebian cultures.
1950:
2156:
1484:
56:
309:, wrote that in the middle of the 20th Century, "few of were as engaged with their migrant communities as the Dionysiens ."
1195:
2146:
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948:). "The immigrant factor in phonological leveling." In: Beeching, Kate, Nigel Armstrong, and Françoise Gadet (editors).
2062:
80:
1430:(2010) and Changing Representations of the Banlieue in French Cinema". In Dines, Martin; Vermeulen, Timotheus (eds.).
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136:. As of 2012 the majority of those of African origin living in Paris come from the Maghreb, including
2151:
1154:
1093:
953:
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2095:
1936:
1778:
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1059:
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1392:). "Cinematic Representations of the Maghrebi Experience in France." In: Norman, Buford (editor).
1282:
French Like Us? Municipal
Policies and North African Migrants in the Parisian Banlieues, 1945—1975
307:
French Like Us? Municipal
Policies and North African Migrants in the Parisian Banlieues, 1945—1975
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According to French police records, there have been Algerian and other Maghrebi residents of the
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208:
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Neil MacMaster, Colonial Migrants and Racism. Algerians in France, 1900–62 (Basingstoke, 1997)
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265:, Muslim Algerians who fought with the French, relocated to France, including in Paris.
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1980:
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In 1945 French authorities counted 60,000 Maghrebis. Of them, they included 50,000
2100:
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1995:
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1964:
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Tensions and Tradeoffs: Ethnic Minority Migrant Integration in Britain and France
864:
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Memories of Mass Repression: Narrating Life Stories in the Aftermath of Atrocity
888:
Global Multiculturalism: Comparative Perspectives on Ethnicity, Race, and Nation
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in the 1960s, mainly from Algeria. As of 2012 many of the Jewish residents have
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In 2005, young male Maghrebians made up the majority of those involved in the
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51:
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643:– Politician (Parti socialiste), current Minister of Labour (born in 1978)
550:
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258:
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Policing Paris: The Origins of Modern Immigration Control Between the Wars
184:
Policing Paris: The Origins of Modern Immigration Control Between the Wars
1808:
794:
568:
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100:
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practices of the 'young people' for whom religion controls everything."
301:
As of 2008, 18.1% of the population of the northern Parisian commune of
721:
688:
622:
1331:
Ethnic Minority Migrants in Britain and France: Integration Trade-Offs
1311:
Ethnic Minority Migrants in Britain and France: Integration Trade-Offs
1214:
927:
Ethnic Minority Migrants in Britain and France: Integration Trade-Offs
1506:
874:
819:, is a Frenchman of Algerian origins raised in the Parisian suburbs.
727:
715:
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562:
371:
318:
1985:
1285:
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764:
646:
616:
502:
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383:
367:
152:
who immigrated from Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco during the 1960s.
129:
393:
Films set in the Paris area involving Maghrebi characters include
225:
218:
215:
197:
145:
141:
137:
350:
In 1983 there was a wave of councilors who were Sephardic Jews.
806:
770:
586:
341:
The Lure of Anti-Semitism: Hatred of Jews in Present-Day France
262:
222:
1960:
676:
363:
290:
229:
118:
1753:
1215:"Ethnicity, Islam, and les banlieues: Confusing the Issues"
1426:
Tarr, Carrie (2013-09-12). "From Riots to Designer Shoes:
1002:
1958:
1345:
1343:
1056:
Only Muslim: Embodying Islam in Twentieth-Century France
1022:
Only Muslim: Embodying Islam in Twentieth-Century France
952:(Volume 26 of IMPACT: Studies in Language and Society).
241:
Only Muslim: Embodying Islam in Twentieth-Century France
157:
Only Muslim: Embodying Islam in Twentieth-Century France
697:– Politician (Parti socialiste), senator (born in 1946)
317:
In the 1950s and 1960s, Maghrebians began to arrive in
1492:
1204:. Thursday 2 December 2010. Retrieved on 3 March 2014.
655:– Politician (Parti socialiste), deputy (born in 1979)
448:
In 2012 Samira Fahim, an owner of a restaurant in the
362:
stated that the speech of young ethnic Maghrebians in
1340:
1236:
1234:
826:
1325:
1323:
803:– conservative journalist and author (born in 1958)
1231:
2113:
1320:
1303:
950:Sociolinguistic Variation in Contemporary French
773:– R&B singer and songwriter (born in 1984)
1084:
1082:
1080:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1006:. November 8, 2012. Retrieved on May 26, 2015.
706:Chérif and Saïd Kouachi – Perpetrators of the
1944:
1478:
305:was Maghrebian. Melissa K. Brynes, author of
81:
1394:The Documentary Impulse in French Literature
1145:
1143:
108:
1196:1961 – Algerians massacred on Paris streets
1077:
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1951:
1937:
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1471:
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74:
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382:In 1978 a group of Franco-Maghrebians in
377:
703:- Actor, Singer, Comedian (born in 1973)
649:– hip-hop and house producer (1977–2011)
99:
16:Ethnic community living in Paris, France
988:
986:
779:– Actor and screenwriter (born in 1973)
324:Sarcelles gained a large population of
2114:
1932:
1466:
1428:Tout ce qui brille/All that Glitters
1425:
994:African flavor at the heart of Paris
983:
910:(Volume 1 of Memory and Narrative).
797:– Actor and filmmaker (born in 1965)
595:– Moroccan footballer (born in 1987)
499:DJ and music producer (born in 1986)
459:
455:
613:– Algerian filmmaker (born in 1953)
571:– Actor and humorist (born in 1972)
134:French colonial ties to that region
132:population, in part as a result of
109:
13:
339:and Philippe Bataille, authors of
14:
2168:
254:affected the Algerian community.
1959:
1493:
829:
813:The fictional Bilal Asselah, of
463:
2157:North African diaspora in Paris
1419:
1382:
1369:
1356:
1274:
1245:
1207:
559:– R&B singer (born in 1978)
179:of Paris for nearly a century.
1188:
1175:
1111:
974:
946:London Metropolitan University
553:– Film director (born in 1969)
547:- Film Director (born in 1958)
505:DJ and producer (born in 1970)
445:take place in the Paris area.
360:London Metropolitan University
296:
239:Naomi Davidson, the author of
1:
1390:University of Texas at Austin
880:
2020:Diaspora elsewhere in Africa
450:11th arrondissement of Paris
312:
275:
7:
2147:Tunisian diaspora in France
2142:Moroccan diaspora in France
2137:Algerian diaspora in France
1396:(French literature Series (
1349:Wieviorka and Bataille, p.
1201:Radio France Internationale
822:
661:- Politician (born in 1966)
601:– Footballer (born in 1987)
589:– Rai singer (born in 1978)
541:- Politician (born in 1977)
511:– Footballer (born in 1986)
353:
270:rioting in the Paris region
246:The police chief of Paris,
10:
2173:
931:Cambridge University Press
386:started a theatre troupe,
162:
155:Naomi Davidson, author of
47:North Africans/Maghrebians
2084:North America and Oceania
2083:
2050:
2019:
1971:
1870:
1849:
1796:
1730:
1699:
1673:
1642:
1633:
1543:
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1400:), Volume XXVIII, 2001).
1251:Maxwell, Rahsaan Daniel.
1155:Bloomsbury Publishing USA
1151:Paris: The Secret History
1094:Bloomsbury Publishing USA
1090:Paris: The Secret History
954:John Benjamins Publishing
442:Neuilly sa mère, sa mère!
211:also received Maghrebis.
194:Paris: The Secret History
107:("Al-Bustane Bookshop") (
1123:Cornell University Press
1060:Cornell University Press
1026:Cornell University Press
968:
892:Rowman & Littlefield
736:– Actress (born in 1988)
577:– Actress (born in 1984)
517:– Actress (born in 1955)
433:. Additionally the film
280:
228:, Algerian and Moroccan
1117:Rosenberg, Clifford D.
809:– Rapper (born in 1985)
767:– Rapper (born in 1978)
749:– Writer (born in 1976)
730:– Rapper (born in 1981)
724:– Rapper (born in 1984)
718:– Singer (born in 1971)
691:– Actor (born in 1977)
685:– Rapper (born in 1980)
679:– Rapper (born in 1980)
619:– Rapper (born in 1978)
607:– Singer (born in 1985)
565:– Rapper (born in 1979)
535:- Singer (born in 1986)
529:– Author (born in 1949)
523:– Rapper (born in 1975)
261:, approximately 90,000
126:Paris metropolitan area
2132:Ethnic groups in Paris
912:Transaction Publishers
673:- Actor (born in 1971)
667:- Actor (born in 1967)
637:– Actor (born in 1975)
539:Najat Vallaud-Belkacem
378:Culture and recreation
252:Paris massacre of 1961
209:Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine
121:
1106:PT253 (page unstated)
914:, December 31, 2011.
234:Algerian Independence
103:
1432:New Suburban Stories
1412:, 9789042013346. p.
1296:, 9780549741220. p.
1219:riotsfrance.ssrc.org
1133:, 9780801473159. p.
1104:, 9781608192373. p.
1070:, 9780801465253. p.
1036:, 9780801465253. p.
956:, October 14, 2009.
791:employee (1934–2015)
631:employee (1960–2015)
285:Davidson wrote that
177:20th arrondissements
105:Librairie Al-Bustane
57:Sub-Saharan Africans
1280:Byrnes, Melissa K.
894:, January 1, 2001.
855:Tunisians in France
850:Moroccans in France
845:Algerians in France
583:– Actor (1976–2009)
429:by Chibane, set in
115:18th arrondissement
22:Part of a series on
925:Maxwell, Rahsaan.
475:. You can help by
388:Weekend à Nanterre
358:Tim Pooley of the
330:French citizenship
122:
28:Ethnicity in Paris
2127:Berbers in France
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2108:
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1791:
1194:Morrow, Amanda. "
1157:, July 22, 2010.
1096:, July 22, 2010.
1062:, July 11, 2012.
1054:Davidson, Naomi.
1028:, July 11, 2012.
1020:Davidson, Naomi.
870:Berbers in France
493:
492:
456:Notable residents
439:, and its sequel
221:, 5,000 to 6,000
98:
97:
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1535:Sierra Leone
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626:
575:Leïla Bekhti
551:Nabil Ayouch
545:Alain Chabat
481:
477:adding to it
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128:has a large
123:
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2075:Netherlands
1903:El Salvador
1862:New Zealand
1814:El Salvador
1784:Switzerland
1779:Netherlands
1605:Philippines
1551:Afghanistan
1520:Ivory Coast
1438:. pp.
1362:Pooley, p.
1259:, 2008. p.
816:Nightrunner
795:Roschdy Zem
743: [
665:Pascal Elbé
569:Ramzy Bedia
533:Amir Haddad
431:Saint-Denis
422: [
402: [
303:Saint-Denis
297:Saint-Denis
287:Goutte d'Or
2116:Categories
2037:Mauritania
1410:9042013346
1294:0549741224
1269:0549874585
1224:2018-02-08
1181:House, p.
1163:1608192377
1131:0801473152
1102:1608192377
1068:0801465257
1034:0801465257
962:9027288992
939:1107378036
920:1412812046
900:0742508838
881:References
722:Mister You
689:Reda Kateb
623:Elsa Cayat
414:Val d'Oise
257:After the
200:occurred.
62:Vietnamese
1918:Venezuela
1878:Argentina
1857:Australia
1674:Southeast
1615:Sri Lanka
1610:Singapore
1583:Khuzestan
1568:Indonesia
1329:Maxwell,
1309:Maxwell,
875:Pied-Noir
728:La Fouine
683:Kamelanc'
605:Amel Bent
563:Tunisiano
408:, set in
372:Marseille
319:Sarcelles
313:Sarcelles
276:Geography
1908:Paraguay
1893:Colombia
1824:Honduras
1681:Bulgaria
1625:Caucasus
1600:Pakistan
1595:Malaysia
1578:Khorasan
1404:, 2001.
1288:, 2008.
1286:ProQuest
1257:ProQuest
1125:, 2006.
823:See also
765:Nessbeal
761:employee
711:shooting
647:DJ Mehdi
503:DJ Abdel
497:DJ Snake
484:May 2015
395:Hexagone
384:Nanterre
368:Grenoble
354:Language
345:Orthodox
130:Maghrebi
42:Japanese
2070:Belgium
2011:Tunisia
2001:Morocco
1981:Algeria
1913:Uruguay
1898:Ecuador
1850:Oceania
1839:Detroit
1767:Germany
1743:Belgium
1738:Austria
1686:Romania
1655:Finland
1650:Denmark
1530:Senegal
998:Archive
226:Berbers
219:Berbers
198:Rif War
163:History
146:Tunisia
142:Morocco
138:Algeria
37:Chinese
2091:Canada
2058:France
2051:Europe
1883:Brazil
1829:Mexico
1804:Canada
1772:Berlin
1748:France
1707:Greece
1691:Serbia
1660:Sweden
1635:Europe
1620:Turkey
1507:Africa
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216:Kabyle
175:, and
144:, and
2063:Paris
2032:Egypt
2006:Niger
1991:Libya
1888:Chile
1819:Haiti
1760:Paris
1722:Spain
1717:Malta
1712:Italy
1700:South
1643:North
1590:Japan
1563:India
1525:Kenya
1515:Ghana
1333:, p.
1313:, p.
969:Notes
747:]
677:Sinik
617:Rim'K
426:]
406:]
364:Paris
291:Paris
281:Paris
230:Arabs
119:Paris
113:) in
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1809:Cuba
1754:Beur
1731:West
1573:Iran
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1265:ISBN
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1064:ISBN
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896:ISBN
716:Lââm
207:and
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169:18th
124:The
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