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478:, who had died in January of that year. His slogan was, "From the jail to the Senate", because he had to campaign from jail, where he was kept for conspiring against President Alessandri. As senator he proposed the first plan of Agrarian Reform in Chile in 1939. His slogan this time was, "Neither land without men nor men without land" (
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reincorporated Grove to the Army and on March 17, 1932 promoted him to Air
Commodore and named him Air Force Commander-in-chief. Still, Grove continued conspiring against Montero, and toppled him on June 4, 1932 through a military coup. He then proceeded to create the
259:, constitutional reforms, and changes to the employment code. He also was in charge of obtaining the support from the navy officers, which he got. He also tried his hand at journalism, and had a column in the newspaper
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to grant credits to small mining and agricultural concerns and the return of the pawned articles at the government-owned pawnbroker to their owners. They also established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.
228:, both of whom he remained in contact with for the rest of his long military and political life. In 1906 he was sent to Germany to specialize in artillery, and remained there until 1911. By 1912 he had become a
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Grove had a brilliant military career, and from 1920 to 1924 he was Under-Director of the
Military Academy. After being promoted to Colonel, he was named Director of the Air Force Academy in 1925.
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209:. From a very young age he was interested in the army, and in 1892, was accepted to the Chilean Naval Academy. Very shortly before graduation, he participated in the so-called “
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In 1897, Grove was accepted in the
Military Academy, from which he graduated as an artillery sub-lieutenant. At the Military Academy, he was a classmate of
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who was also in exile. Together they started to conspire against Ibáñez. On
January 17, 1929, together with also exiled General Enrique Bravo and major
205:, Chile, the son of lawyer, José Marmaduke Grove Avalos and Ana Vallejo Burgos. His first studies were in School Nº 1 of Copiapó and later at the local
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became president, he was confirmed as military attaché in London, as a way to keep him outside the country. While in London, he contacted ex-president
308:, they signed the “Calais pact" and swore to bring democracy back to Chile. In November of that year, a meeting of the conspirators was discovered at
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213:”, as a result of which he was expelled from the navy. That incident proved to be his turning point and from then on he declared his motto to be an “
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Once in
Argentina, Grove immediately started to conspire again. On September 21, 1930, he flew to Chile in a little red plane and landed in
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1924 also marked Grove's beginnings in politics. On
September 3, 1924, he had a notorious participation in the incident known as the "
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on June 16, 1932, who in turn remained in power for only one hundred days. In the meantime Grove was once again exiled, this time to
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In that short time, the
Socialist republic only managed to approve a few social measures, such as the obligation of the
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This incident was a turning point. Even though the petitions were approved, the committee was not dissolved. President
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In 1925, Grove was promoted to colonel and started a long period of travels through Europe, as military attaché. When
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of 1932, Grove was nominated as a candidate by the
Socialist forces. He was only able to return from his exile on
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by the Ibáñez agents, and on
November 28 he was sent into retirement from the army and deported to
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Grove was elected
Senator on May 9, 1934, in a by-election held to replace deceased Senator
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and the following year he joined the War Academy. Later he was transferred to the
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two days before the election, but still managed to finish second, behind
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Garrison, where he remained until 1917 during which he married
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supporting the committee, under the byline of Ekud.
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undying love for the underdogs and for true justice
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489:Grove died at the age of 75 on May 15, 1954, at
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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480:Ni tierra sin hombres, ni hombres sin tierra
399:The Government Junta was in turn toppled by
716:Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport
802:Bernardo O'Higgins Military Academy alumni
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189:and member of the Government Junta of the
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77:Learn how and when to remove this message
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16:Chilean socialist politician and officer
797:20th-century Chilean military personnel
372:The Socialist republic was headed by a
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649:Servicio de Aviación Militar de Chile
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503:Official biography by Socialist party
486:and retired from the Senate in 1949.
369:. This republic lasted only 12 days.
181:(July 6, 1878 – May 15, 1954), was a
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519:Calais pact and the little red plane
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459:that same year with the candidate
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782:Chilean people of English descent
767:Candidates for President of Chile
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435:On April 19, 1933, together with
240:, with whom he had six children.
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787:Chilean people of Irish descent
772:Leaders who took power by coup
762:Members of the Senate of Chile
360:Once back in Chile, President
340:were arrested and deported to
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752:Ministers of defense of Chile
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644:Fuerza Aérea de Chile "FACH"
579:Air Force Commander-in-chief
427:, with a 17.7% of the vote.
348:, and from there he went to
328:Grove during a rally in 1930
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367:Socialist Republic of Chile
356:Socialist Republic of Chile
191:Socialist Republic of Chile
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272:Marmaduke Grove in uniform
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449:Socialist Party of Chile
32:This article includes a
747:Heads of state of Chile
538:Ignacio Urrutia Manzano
484:Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
455:coalition that won the
445:Carlos Alberto Martínez
298:Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
286:Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
222:Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
179:Marmaduke Grove Vallejo
61:more precise citations.
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417:presidential elections
411:Presidential candidate
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670:Arturo Merino Benítez
476:Eugenio Matte Hurtado
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457:presidential election
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211:Stale-bread rebellion
654:Chilean Space Agency
447:, Grove founded the
376:composed of General
362:Juan Esteban Montero
338:Carlos Charlín Ojeda
320:The little red plane
792:People from Copiapó
545:Minister of Defense
461:Pedro Aguirre Cerda
185:Air Force officer,
777:Chilean socialists
530:Political offices
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226:Arturo Puga Osorio
201:Grove was born in
34:list of references
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588:Succeeded by
564:Military offices
554:Succeeded by
425:Arturo Alessandri
278:Arturo Alessandri
238:Rebeca Valenzuela
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695:Fernando Matthei
685:Marmaduque Grove
630:Chilean aviation
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374:Government Junta
282:Government Junta
247:Political career
187:political figure
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160:(1954-05-15)
158:May 15, 1954
140:July 6, 1878
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91:Spanish name
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53:Please help
45:
742:1954 deaths
737:1878 births
557:Arturo Puga
415:During the
378:Arturo Puga
292:Calais pact
59:introducing
731:Categories
431:Later life
350:Marseilles
334:Concepción
302:Alessandri
257:income tax
197:Early life
136:1878-07-06
511:Biography
262:La Nación
230:freemason
193:in 1932.
67:June 2013
166:Santiago
89:In this
203:Copiapó
183:Chilean
144:Copiapó
103:Vallejo
95:surname
55:improve
709:Places
663:People
637:Bodies
443:, and
346:Tahiti
207:Liceum
310:Dover
234:Tacna
170:Chile
148:Chile
99:Grove
40:, or
584:1932
550:1932
384:and
224:and
155:Died
130:Born
217:”.
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