1108:"As technological innovation allowed government to expand, the centralized state grew in size and importance." "Since then, government has assumed responsibility for more and more areas of social life: schooling, regulating wages and working conditions, establishing standards for products of all sorts, and providing financial assistance to the elderly, the ill, and the unemployed." "In a mass society, power resides in large bureaucracies, leaving people in local communities with little control over their lives. For example, state officials mandate that local schools must meet
33:
829:
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1104:
can be seen as dominated by a small number of interconnected elites who control the conditions of life of the many, often by means of persuasion and manipulation. This indicates the politics of mass society theorists – they are advocates of various kinds of cultural elite who should be privileged and
1132:
such as television and cinema are doing to the masses. Therefore, the mass media are necessary instruments for achieving and maintaining mass societies. "The mass media give rise to national culture that washes over the traditional differences that used to set off one region from another."
933:
is a concept that describes modern society as a monolithic force and yet a disaggregate collection of individuals. The term is often used pejoratively to refer to a society in which bureaucracy and impersonal institutions have replaced some notion of
1116:
records. Although such regulations may protect and enhance social equality, they also force individuals to deal increasingly with nameless officials in distant and often unresponsive bureaucracies, and they undermine the
957:
and large-scale social, political and economic institutions which structure daily life for the majority of people. In modern times the term has taken on more importance and broader scope with the advent of
1193:
referred to the individual caught up in the mass society as "mass man": "to either a greater or lesser degree mass man is convinced that his conformity is both reasonable and just".
1168:
far fewer people express opinions than receive them; for the community of public becomes an abstract collection of individuals who receive impressions from the mass media.
1181:
from institutions; on the contrary, agents of authorized institutions penetrate this mass, reducing any autonomy it may have in the formation of opinion by discussion".
1360:
1171:
The communications that prevail are so organized that it is difficult or impossible for the individual to answer back immediately or with any effect.
1153:
Opinion formed by such discussion readily finds an outlet in effective action, even against – if necessary – the prevailing system of authority.
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1133:"Mass-society theorists fear that the transformation of people of various backgrounds into a generic mass may end up dehumanizing everyone."
412:
1150:
Public communications are so organized that there is a chance immediately and effectively to answer back any opinion expressed in public.
1495:
The Crowd is
Untruth: The Existential Critique of Mass Society in the Thought of Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, and Ortega y Gassett
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1529:
1097:" highlighted the role of masses as the main field of social change, as opposed to individuals whose role is always negligible.
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The realization of opinion in action is controlled by authorities who organize and control the channels of such action.
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promoted over the masses, claiming for themselves both exemption from and leadership of the misguided masses.
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1428:. 10th edition (pp. 496–98). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Publishers.
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1018:" took form in the 19th century, referring to the leveling tendencies in the period of the
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1497:(1996). (American University Studies: Ser. 5, Philosophy; Vol. 176) New York: Peter Lang.
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theorists developed concepts of mass society in which it replaces aristocracies with the "
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1995:
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1112:, local products must be government-certified, and every citizen must maintain extensive
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Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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Kornhauser, William. "The
Politics of Mass Society", (1959). New York: The Free Press.
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do not penetrate the public, which is thus more or less autonomous in its operations.
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In a sense, all societies are mass societies, but the term typically refers to a
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The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of
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by its critics. The idea of historic processes being driven exclusively by "
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2010:
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1077:, critiqued the prevailing forms of mass society as one dominated by a
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Between Past and Future : Six
Exercises in Political Thought
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made a distinction between a society of "masses" and "public".
1015:
946:" has been applied to individuals living within this context.
1421:, W.W. Norton & Co, New York (H. Fertig, New York, 1967)
1363:, paragraph 203, published 24 May 2015, accessed 11 May 2024
1147:
virtually as many people express opinions as receive them,
1042:
analyzed mass society and pinpointed its beginning in the
1113:
1143:
He states: "In a public, as we may understand the term,
1124:
Mass society theory has been active in a wide range of
1486:, anonymous translation (1932). The Spanish original:
1128:, where it tends to produce ideal visions of what the
1431:Marcel, Gabriel 2008 (written in the early 1950s),
1280:, published 2 November 2015, accessed 11 May 2024
2347:
1464:Mass society, social organization, and democracy
1274:6 Distressing Characteristics of the "Mass Man"
1612:Manifest and latent functions and dysfunctions
1756:
1523:
853:
1089:created its own form of mass society called
1763:
1749:
1530:
1516:
1291:"Online Dictionary of the Social Sciences"
860:
846:
31:
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1266:
918:Learn how and when to remove this message
1065:, for instance, lamented the decline of
2348:
1263:
1744:
1511:
1452:, Oxford University Press, New York.
1121:of families and local communities."
973:
871:
1440:McQuail's Mass Communication Theory
1383:, The Viking Press, New York, 1961,
13:
1470:
14:
2377:
1770:
1537:
1407:Kornhauser, Arthur William 1959,
991:about dates. History needs dates.
2259:Concentration of media ownership
1257:"Mass society | Britannica"
1022:that undermined traditional and
978:
876:
827:
1370:
1073:accounts, such as those of the
413:Peace, war, and social conflict
1637:Two-step flow of communication
1442:(fifth edition), Sage, London.
1349:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1283:
1249:
1030:with various forms of liberal
1014:Descriptions of society as a "
1:
1242:
1081:that served the interests of
1586:Social aspects of television
1426:Culture, society: The basics
1409:The Politics of mass society
7:
1411:, The Free Press of Glencoe
1196:
1187:The End of the Modern World
10:
2382:
1424:Macionis, John J. (2009).
1386:Biddiss, Michael D. 1977,
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84:Human environmental impact
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2044:
1988:
1945:
1938:
1902:
1854:
1778:
1717:
1701:
1670:
1645:
1594:
1545:
1488:La Rebellion de las Masas
1390:, Penguin, Harmondsworth.
1091:bureaucratic collectivism
2356:Sociological terminology
2335:Society of the Spectacle
1730:Structural functionalism
1484:The Revolt of the Masses
1457:The Myth of Mass Culture
1433:Man against Mass Society
178:Structural functionalism
2216:Influence of mass media
2021:Narcotizing dysfunction
1553:Influence of mass media
1466:, Philosophical Library
1455:Swingewood, Alan 1977,
1419:The state of the masses
1393:Ginner, Salvador 1976,
1055:tyranny of the majority
198:Symbolic interactionism
93:Industrial revolutions
1877:Freedom of information
1462:Wilmuth, Sidney 1976,
1435:, St. Augustines Press
1303:McQuail, 2005, p. 449.
989:is missing information
188:Social constructionism
2264:Exploitation of women
1480:Ortega y Gasset, Jose
1438:McQuail, Denis 2005,
1388:The Age of the Masses
1330:(Macionis, J. p. 498)
1321:(Macionis, J. p. 498)
1110:educational standards
1040:Alexis de Tocqueville
1026:values, and replaced
1020:Industrial Revolution
563:Conversation analysis
138:Social stratification
1459:, Macmillan, London.
1400:Hartley, John 1982,
1278:Intellectual Takeout
1063:José Ortega y Gasset
2310:Advanced capitalism
1996:Cult of personality
1910:Advanced capitalism
1189:(1957), theologian
1100:Mass society as an
1036:Political theorists
951:developed countries
936:traditional society
148:Social cycle theory
19:Part of a series on
2231:Semiotic democracy
2155:Civil disobedience
2067:Media manipulation
2057:Crowd manipulation
1980:Tabloid journalism
1894:Media transparency
1872:Media independence
1786:24-hour news cycle
1709:Television studies
1632:Semiotic democracy
1627:Opinion leadership
1558:Mass communication
1493:Tuttle, Howard N.
1404:, Methuen, London.
1402:Understanding News
1342:, on Democracy in
1156:And authoritative
1095:laws of dialectics
834:Society portal
457:History of science
438:Race and ethnicity
118:Social environment
2343:
2342:
2269:Freedom of speech
2087:Theodor W. Adorno
2075:
2074:
2062:Managing the news
1882:Freedom of speech
1862:Media development
1826:News broadcasting
1806:Independent media
1791:Alternative media
1738:
1737:
1671:Notable academics
1231:Social alienation
1044:French Revolution
1012:
1011:
940:social alienation
928:
927:
920:
870:
869:
588:Social experiment
468:Social psychology
113:Social complexity
2373:
2366:Pejorative terms
2315:Culture industry
2284:Social influence
2237:The Lonely Crowd
2180:Political satire
2145:Call-out culture
2122:Jacques Rancière
2117:Marshall McLuhan
2092:Jean Baudrillard
2036:Viral phenomenon
1970:Public relations
1943:
1942:
1816:Mainstream media
1801:Electronic media
1765:
1758:
1751:
1742:
1741:
1725:Media psychology
1693:Bernard Berelson
1688:Robert K. Merton
1654:The Lonely Crowd
1602:Culture industry
1595:Notable theories
1546:General concepts
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1525:
1518:
1509:
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1446:Mills, C. Wright
1397:, Academic Press
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1177:The mass has no
1087:Marxism-Leninism
1079:culture industry
1075:Frankfurt School
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583:Network analysis
473:Sociocybernetics
463:Social movements
193:Social darwinism
143:Social structure
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2160:Culture jamming
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2112:Walter Lippmann
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1984:
1934:
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1889:Media pluralism
1850:
1774:
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1678:Paul Lazarsfeld
1666:
1661:The Power Elite
1641:
1617:Media democracy
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1541:
1536:
1473:
1471:Further reading
1450:The Power Elite
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1344:The Power Elite
1340:C. Wright Mills
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1225:The Power Elite
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1191:Romano Guardini
1138:C. Wright Mills
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887:has an unclear
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173:Critical theory
168:Conflict theory
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123:Social equality
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2150:Cancel culture
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2132:Counterculture
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2097:Edward Bernays
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2052:Catch and kill
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2031:Sensationalism
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2226:Mediatization
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2221:Media studies
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2200:Strike action
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2165:Demonstration
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1930:Pensée unique
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1796:Digital media
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1772:Media culture
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1646:Notable works
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1622:Mediatization
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1568:Media ecology
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1539:Media studies
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1503:0-8204-2866-3
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1415:Lederer, Emil
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1312:Hartley, 1982
1309:
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1279:
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1272:Lattier, D.,
1269:
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1236:Welfare state
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987:This section
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938:, leading to
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885:This article
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799:Organizations
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748: ·
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704: ·
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553:Computational
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298:Environmental
296:
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284:
281:
279:
276:
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248:Consciousness
246:
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128:Social equity
126:
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74:Globalization
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44:
41:
40:
39:
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34:
30:
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26:
23:
22:
18:
17:
2330:Post-Fordism
2320:Mass society
2319:
2289:Transparency
2235:
2102:Noam Chomsky
2080:Philosophers
2026:Recuperation
2011:Media circus
2001:Dumbing down
1867:Media policy
1841:Social media
1659:
1652:
1607:Echo chamber
1563:Mass society
1562:
1494:
1487:
1483:
1463:
1456:
1449:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1408:
1401:
1395:Mass Society
1394:
1387:
1380:
1371:Bibliography
1357:Pope Francis
1351:
1335:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1299:
1285:
1277:
1251:
1223:
1186:
1184:
1164:In a mass,
1163:
1158:institutions
1142:
1136:Sociologist
1135:
1123:
1107:
1099:
1067:high culture
1051:conservative
1048:
1024:aristocratic
1013:
1000:
988:
955:mass culture
948:
943:
942:. The term "
931:Mass society
930:
929:
914:
905:
886:
784:Bibliography
698:
626:
625:
612:
578:Mathematical
558:Ethnographic
538:Quantitative
223:Architecture
161:Perspectives
133:Social power
2209:In academia
2195:Review bomb
2016:Media event
1953:Advertising
1925:Consumerism
1846:State media
1361:Laudato si'
1209:Consumerism
1085:. However,
908:August 2021
789:Terminology
758:Baudrillard
634:Tocqueville
548:Comparative
543:Qualitative
513:Victimology
343:Immigration
328:Generations
243:Criminology
2350:Categories
2274:Media bias
2175:Occupation
2107:Guy Debord
1989:Techniques
1958:Propaganda
1855:Principles
1831:News media
1811:Mass media
1718:Approaches
1683:Elihu Katz
1355:Quoted by
1243:References
1214:Hoi polloi
1130:mass media
1083:capitalism
960:mass media
900:footnoting
814:By country
568:Historical
493:Technology
433:Punishment
418:Philosophy
393:Mathematic
383:Literature
348:Industrial
338:Historical
263:Demography
183:Positivism
108:Popularity
63:Key themes
2254:Anonymity
1963:Fake news
1939:Deception
1836:Old media
1821:New media
1032:democracy
995:talk page
630:Martineau
573:Interview
498:Terrorism
478:Sociology
423:Political
363:Knowledge
283:Education
25:Sociology
2303:Synonyms
2294:Violence
2170:Graffiti
1903:Ideology
1197:See also
1179:autonomy
1119:autonomy
1102:ideology
1059:mob rule
1049:Various
1038:such as
1028:monarchy
1003:May 2024
964:internet
962:and the
944:mass man
896:citation
809:Timeline
794:Journals
762:Bourdieu
754:Habermas
750:Luhmann
746:Foucault
690:Mannheim
670:Durkheim
443:Religion
403:Military
368:Language
353:Internet
308:Feminist
292:Jealousy
278:Economic
273:Disaster
268:Deviance
211:Branches
89:Identity
2279:Privacy
2185:Protest
2140:Boycott
2006:Framing
1490:(1930).
1071:Marxist
970:History
766:Giddens
764:·
760:·
752:·
740:·
738:Goffman
734:Schoeck
720:·
712:·
688:·
686:Du Bois
684:·
676:·
672:·
664:·
658:Tönnies
656:·
642:Spencer
640:·
618:·
531:Methods
508:Utopian
453:Science
398:Medical
388:Marxist
378:Leisure
288:Emotion
253:Culture
69:Society
48:Outline
43:History
2247:Issues
2045:Others
1501:
1448:1956,
1417:1940,
1346:(1956)
1061:" and
1057:" or "
804:People
742:Bauman
722:Nisbet
718:Merton
710:Gehlen
706:Adorno
699:1900s:
674:Addams
666:Simmel
662:Veblen
654:Pareto
646:Le Bon
627:1800s:
620:Sieyès
613:1700s:
593:Survey
518:Visual
428:Public
333:Health
323:Gender
313:Fiscal
303:Family
1946:Forms
1779:Media
1379:1961
777:Lists
726:Mills
702:Fromm
694:Elias
682:Weber
616:Comte
503:Urban
488:Sport
483:Space
448:Rural
408:Music
358:Jewry
258:Death
218:Aging
53:Index
2190:Punk
1975:Spin
1499:ISBN
1016:mass
898:and
730:Bell
714:Aron
678:Mead
650:Ward
638:Marx
318:Food
238:Body
1359:in
1185:In
1114:tax
1046:.
373:Law
228:Art
2352::
1482:.
1276:,
1265:^
1069:.
1034:.
966:.
756:·
736:·
732:·
728:·
724:·
716:·
708:·
692:·
680:·
668:·
660:·
652:·
648:·
644:·
632:·
101:/
97:/
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910:)
906:(
902:.
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455:(
294:)
290:(
103:5
99:4
95:3
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